BT

TRNG I HC CNG NGHIP TP HCM
KHOA KHOA HC C BN
HIN TRNG
BI TP TON CAO CP A2-C2
MSSV:.....................................................................
H tn:....................................................................
TPHCM - Ngy 6 thng 1 nm 2013
Hin Trng
Trng i Hc Cng Nghip TPHCM
Bi tp chng 1
Phn t lun
Bi tp 0.1. Cho A l ma trn vung cp 2012 m phn t dng i l
i. Tm phn t dng 2 ct 7 ca ma trn A2 .
Bi tp 0.2. Cho A l ma trn vung cp 2012 m phn t dng i l
(1)i i. Tm phn t dng 3 ct 2 ca ma trn A2 .
Bi tp 0.3. Cho A l ma trn vung cp 2012, trong phn t dng
i ct j l (1)i+j . Tm phn t dng 2 ct 2 ca ma trn A2 .
th i l 2i1 . Tm phn t dng 1 ct 2012 ca ma trn A2 .
th i l i. Tm phn t dng 1 ct 2000 ca ma trn A2 .
(
)
0 1
Bi tp 0.6. Cho ma trn A =
. Tm ma trn A2011 .
1 0
(
)
cos sin
. Tm ma trn A2011 .
sin cos
0 1 0
Bi tp 0.8. Cho ma trn A = 0 0 1. Tm s nguyn dng n nh
0 0 0
n
nht tha A = O33 .
(
)
0 0
. Tm ma trn (I A)2011 .
1 0
(
)
1 0
. Tm ma trn A2011 .
3 1
0 0 1
Bi tp 0.11. Cho ma trn A = 0 0 0. S nguyn dng n nh
0 0 0
n
nht tha A = O33 l bao nhiu?
0 0 1 1
0 0 0 1
. S nguyn dng n ln
0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0
n
nht tha A = O44 l bao nhiu?
2
Hin Trng
(
)
0 0
. Tm ma trn tng
1 0
2011
2n An = I + 2A + 4A2 + 8A3 + .. + 22011 A2011
n=0
0 1 1
Bi tp 0.14. Cho ma trn A = 0 0 1. Tm ma trn tng
0 0 0
2011
(2)n An = I 2A + 4A2 8A3 + .. 22011 A2011
n=0
)
2011
n
0 0
A .
. Tm ma trn tng
1 0
n=0
(
)
2011
(1)n n
0 0
. Tm ma trn tng
A .
n!
1 0
n=0
(
)
2011
n n
0 1
2 A .
. Tm ma trn tng
0 0
n=0
Bi tp 0.18. Cho A l ma trn vung cp 2011 tha det A = 1. nh
thc ca ma trn 4A1 l bao nhiu?
Bi tp 0.19. Cho A l ma trn vung cp 2011 tha det A = 4. nh
2
thc ca ma trn 5(A1 ) l bao nhiu?
1 1 0 2
0 2 1 1
Bi tp 0.20. Cho A =
. Tm phn t dng 2 ct 3 ca
1 4 0 4
1 1 0 0
1
ma trn A ?
1 m m
Bi tp 0.21. nh thc ca ma trn m m2 m3 l bao nhiu?
m2 m3 m4
Bi tp 0.22. Tm s thc m ma trn
(
)(
)(
)
m
1
m1
0
m1
0
A=
0 m1
1
m1
1
m2
kh nghch.
(
)2011
0 1
Bi tp 0.23. Ma trn nghch o ca ma trn A =
.
1 0
3
Hin Trng
(
)
(
)
1 2
1 2 3
Bi tp 0.24. Cho hai ma trn A =
, B =
. Tm ma
3 4
3 2 1
trn X tha AX = B.
(
)
(
)
1 2
7 7 1
, B =
. Tm ma
3 4
1 7 7
trn X tha AX = B.
(
)
(
)
1 2
1 2
, B=
. Tm ma trn
3 5
3 4
X tha AX = B.
Bi tp 0.27. Cho A l ma trn vung cp n. Bit det A = 20 v A2
3A = 10In . Tnh det (A 3In ).
Bi tp 0.28. Cho A l ma trn vung cp n. Bit det A = 2011 v
A A1 = In . Tnh det (A2 In ).
(
)
Bi tp 0.29. Cho A l ma trn vung cp n. Bit det A = 2 v det AT A AT =
1. Tnh det (A In ).
Bi tp 0.30. Cho A l ma trn vung cp n kh nghch. Bit det (5In A) =
2 v A2 5A + In = O. Tnh det A1 .
Bi tp 0.31. Tnh cc nh thc

0

2
1 =
7

0
1
2
3
4
2
7
4
4

7
0

0
0
, 2 =
2
1

0
0
3
1
2
4
4
2
7
4

0
1

0
7
, 3 =
1
0

0
0
1
3
2
4
2
4
7
4

0

1

0

0
1
0
0
0
3
1
2
4

1
4

2
2
, 6 =
1
7

2

4
1
3
1
2
2
4
7
2

0

1

0

1

0 2
0

0
0 1
, 8 =
2 1

1

1 1
1
1
3
0
0

0 0
2

4
0 0
, 9 =
1 1

0

2 1
0
1
3
1
3

2

4

2

5

0

7
4 =
1

0
0
1
0
0
1
3
2
4

7
2

4
0
, 5 =
1
7

0

4

4

2
7 =
0

0
1
3
0
0
0
0
7
2
Hin Trng

2
1 1 1 2

2
0
3
2
2

10 =
, 11 =
1
1 1 2 4

1
2 4 4 8

2
1
1 1

1 0
1 1

12 = 1 1 4 1

1 1 1 2

0 1 2 0
1
0
1
1

0
4

1

8

2 , 13 =

6

0

14
0

2

2

4

2
1
1
4
1
0
0
1
1

2

4

2

5
1
3
1
3
14

1

x 2 2
1
1

= a
b
c , 15 = 2 x 2
b + c c + a a + b
2 2 x

x 1 1 1
x
1
1

1
1 x 1 1
1 x
16 =
, 17 =
1 1 x 1
1 1 x

1 1 1 x
1 1 1

1

1

1

x

1 x x2 x3
x + 1 x 1 1

x2 1 1
x x3 x4 x5
2
18 =

, 19 =
1 0 x 1
1
0 x 1

x 0 1 x
x
0 1 x
Bi tp 0.39. Tm m tha

2 m 4

a. 3 0 0 0
1 1 2

1 1 3

b. 1 2 m 0
1 1 m

2

c. m
1

1

d. 1
1
Bi tp 0.40. Tm m tha
5

m 4
0 0 = 0
1 m

1 3
2 m > 0
1 m
Hin Trng

a.

b.


2 + 2m
5
12

c. m 3 m + 1 3m > 0
m + 3 m 1 3m

m
0
2m
m

1
m
1
m
0

d.
>0
1
1
0 0

m
0
0 0

1 2
m
2 5 m + 1 > 0
3 7 m+2

2 + 2 1 4
m + 3 1 m > 0
3
1 m
Bi tp 0.41. Gii cc phng trnh

1 2x 1 1
1

1 x 1 1
1
a.
c.
=0
3 1
0
1
1

0 2
0
0
2

x x 1 1
x

2
1
x
1
1

x
b.
d.
=0
1 1 1
x
1

1 0 1
x
1
Bi tp 0.42. Gii phng trnh

x x 1 0

1 2 1 1
a.
=0
2 2 1 2

x x 2 x

x 1 2 2

1
x
1
4

b.
=0
0 0 x 2

0 0 2 x
x
x2
1
2
x
1
x
x
1
1
1
0
1 x
1 1
2 1
1 3

x
1

x
1
c.
1
1

1 1

x 2 2

2 x 2
d.
2 2 x

2 2 2
Bi tp 0.43. Tnh hng ca cc ma trn
1 3
1 2 3 4 5
2 4
2 4 6 8 11
c.
a.
3 5
3 6 9 12 14
4 6
4 8 12 16 20
1
1 2 3 4 5
1
5 10 15 20 35
d.
b.
3
7
9
12
14
2
4
4 8 13 16 20
Bi tp 0.44. Tnh hng ca cc ma trn
6
5
6
7
8
1
2
0
0
0
0
x
2
2
2
2
x

1

1
=0
1

2

=0

0

0
=0
2

x

=0

7 9
9 10
9 11
10 12
1 1
1 1
1
2
2
4
3
3
3
7
Hin Trng
a.
b.
1
2
4
7
3
3
9
15
2 1
4 1
8 1
15 9
1 1
1 0
1 2
1 2
1 2
0 2
2 2
8 18
2 1
2 1
2 1
2 1
2
c.
4
7
1
d.
1
1
1 1 2 2
1 0 4 2
1 2 8 2
9 8 14 18
1 1 1
2 1 1
1 2 1
1 1 2
Bi tp 0.45. Tm m cc ma trn sau c hng ln lt bng 1,2,3,4.
1
m
1
2
1
m
1
2
2
m+4
2
m+4
2 3m 1
2 3m 1
a.
c.
4 5m 1 m + 4 2m + 7
4 5m 1 m + 4 2m + 7
2
2m
2
4
2
2m
2
m+4
3
m
0
1
3 m 0
1
2m
m
2
2
6
6 2m m
b.
d.
3m
0 m+2
9
9 3m 0 m + 2
15 5m + 1 0
7
15 5m 0
7
Bi tp 0.46. Tm m cc ma trn sau c hng ln lt bng 1,2,3,4.
1
m
1
2
1
m
1
2
2
m+4
2 3m 1 m + 2 m + 3
2 3m 1
a.
c.
4 5m 1 m + 4 2m + 7
4 5m 1 m + 4 2m + 7
2
2m
2
4
4
4m
4
8
m 2
2 2
1 1 1 m
2 m 2 2
1 1 m 1
b.
d.
2 2 m 2
1 m 1 1
2 2 2 m
m 1 1 1
Bi tp 0.47. Ma trn no sau y kh nghch?
1 2
1 1 2
c.
a.
3 0
2 2 4
1 0
1 2 0
2 1
1 1 2
d.
b.
4 3
2 0 2
2 4
3 0 3
Bi tp 0.48. Ma trn no sau y kh nghch?
7
0
0
2
2
1
1
Hin Trng
0
3 6
a. 1 4 4
3
6
0
1 1 2
b. 2 0 2
3 0 3
Bi tp 0.49.
m+1
a.
2
2m
m+1
b. 2
m4
c.
3
1
2
d. 4
2
2
0
1
1
3
4
0
0
0
2
1
1
Tm m cc ma trn sau kh nghch:
m+1
1
3
1
3
c. m + 3 m + 3 3
m+2 0
2m + 2 m + 3 3
1
3
m m m
m+2
0
d. 1 m 1
m+2
0
3
m+2
Bi tp 0.50. Tm ma trn nghch o ca cc ma trn:

(
)(
)
(
)(
)
1 1
4 2
0 1
3 4
c.
a.
0 1
1 4
1 0
2 1
(
)
(
)
10 6
1 1
1 2 3
d.
3
b. 4 5 6 3I3
14 7
4 2
7 8 9
Bi tp 0.51. Tm ma trn nghch o ca cc ma trn:
1
2
3
1 1 1
a. 1 3 2
c. 1 1
1
0
3
4
1
1 1
1 1
1
1
1 2
2
1
1
1 1 1
1 3 1 1
b.
d.
1 1 1
1 1 1
1
0
1
1
1 1
3 5
1 1
Bi tp 0.52. Tm m cc ma trn sau kh nghch, tm ma trn

nghch o trong cc trng hp .
2 2
0
3 1
m
c. m 1 m 1
a. 2 3
1
1 3 m 1
7 7 2m + 3
m1
2
m
3
1
3
d. 0
b. m
m+1
3
1 m+7
0
0
m1
m + 3 0 2m + 7
Bi tp 0.53. Tm m cc ma trn sau kh nghch, tm ma trn
nghch o trong cc trng hp .
8
Hin Trng
2 1 m
c. 3 7 m
1 m 0
1
m
3
d. 2 2m + 1 7
1 1
1 m+1 2
(
)
(
)
2
3
2 6
,B =
. Tm ma
1 1
2 0
trn X tha XA = B.
(
)
(
)
1
2
0 2
, B=
. Tm ma
3 5
1 0
trn X tha AX = B.
7 3 2
1 2 3
Bi tp 0.56. Cho hai ma trn A = 2 5 6 , B = 1 2 7.
8
9 3
3 5 12
2
a.
3
1
1
b. 1
m
1 m
7 0
0 0
1 m
m 1
1. Tm ma trn X tha XA = B.
2. Tm ma trn X tha AX = B.
(
)
(
)
1 1
1 1 3
; B=
.
3 2
0 1 7
)
(
)
2 1 1
2 2
;B =
.
1 2 1
2 2
Phn trc nghim

Bi tp 0.59. Cho hai nh thc

1 2 3 4

2 5 4 7
1 =
3 6 8 4

4 8 12 17

2 5 4 7

1
2
3
4

,
=

2
4 8 12 17

3 6 8 4

Khng nh no sau y l ng?

a. 1 = 2
b. 1 = 2
c. 2 = 21
9
d. 2 = 21
Hin Trng

1 2 3 4

2 5 4 7
1 =
3 6 8 4

4 8 12 17

2

2
, 2 =

3

4
4 6
5 4
6 8
8 12
16
14
8
34
Khng nh no sau y ng?

a. 1 = 2
b. 1 = 2
c. 2 = 21
d. 2 = 41

1 2 3 4
2 4 6 8

a b c d
2a 2b 2c 2d
1 =
, 2 =
3 6 8 4
6 12 16 8

4 8 12 17
4 8 12 17

a. 21 = 2
b. 2 = 81
c. 2 = 41
d. 2 = 161

1 2 3 4
2 4 6 8

a b c d
2a 2b 2c 2d
1 =
; 2 =
3 6 8 4
6 12 16 8

4 8 12 17
8 16 24 34

a. 161 = 2
b. 2 = 81
c. 2 = 41

1
1 2 3 x

2
2 5 4 y
1 =
; 2 =
3
3 6 8 z

4
4 8 12 t
d. 2 = 21
2 3 6 2x
5 4 8 2y
6 8 16 2z
8 12 24 2t

c. 2 = 21
d. 2 = 41
2 1 m
Bi tp 0.64. Cho ma trn A = 3 7 0 . Khng nh no sau y
1 0 0
ng?
a. 1 = 2
b. 2 = 21
10
Hin Trng
a. A kh nghch khi v ch khi m khc 0.

b. A lun kh nghch.
c. A lun c hng bng 3.
d. A c hng bng 3 khi v ch khi m = 0.
Bi tp 0.65. Cho ma trn
1 1 1
A= 1
2
3
0
1
2
. Khng nh no sau y ng?

a. A c hng bng 3.
b. A c nh thc bng 0.
c. A c hng bng 1.
d. Cc khng nh trn u sai.
1 2 3
1 3 5
ng?
a. A c hng bng 2.
c. A c hng bng 1.
3 5 3
9 15 9
ng?
a. A c hng bng 3.
c. A c hng bng 1.
1 0 0
2 1 3
Bi tp 0.68. Cho A = 3 1 0 , B = 0 2 4 . Tnh det (3AB).
2 1 3
0 0 1
a. 324
b. 18
c. 6

1 1 2
3

1
0
0 2
Bi tp 0.69. Tnh

3 1
0 1

0 1 1 0
a. 30
b. -30

1 2 1 3

0 1 0 1
Bi tp 0.70. Tnh
.
0 2 0 4

3 1 5 7
a. 16
b. -16
11
d. 20
c. 15
d. -15
c. 32
d. -32
Hin Trng
1 0 0
(
)T
Bi tp 0.71. Cho A = 2 1 0 . Tnh det (3A)1 .
3 1 2
a. 6
b. 54
c.
1
6

1 0
m

Bi tp 0.72. Cho nh thc = 2 1 2m 2
1 0
2
a. m > 2
b. m < 2

1 2 1

0 1 0
Bi tp 0.73. Tnh
0 2 0

3 1 a
a. 7a + 21
b. 7a + 21b

2 1 1 1

1 3 1 1
Bi tp 0.74. Tnh
1 1 4 1

1 1 1 b
a. 17b 11
3
4
1
b

.

b. 17b + 21
d.
1
54

. Tm m > 0.

c. m > 0
d. m < 1
c. 7a 2b
d. 7a 21
c. 7b 10
d. 7b + 10
Bi tp 0.75. Cho A, B M2 (R) v det A = 2, det B = 3. Tnh det (2AB).

a. 6
b. 12
2
Bi tp 0.76. Cho A =
3
1
ng?
1
2
4
1
c. 24
d. 48
1 1
1 5
. Kt qu no sau y l
2 0
0 3
a. det A = 53
b. det A = 63
c. det A = 63
d. Cc cu a,b,c u sai
Bi tp 0.77. Cc gi tr no sau y l nghim ca phng trnh

1 x 2x x2

1
2
4
4

=0

1 1 2 1

2 3
1 1
a. x = 2, x = 1
b. x = 3, x = 1
c. x = 2, x = 3
d. Cc cu a, b, c u sai.
12
Hin Trng
Bi tp 0.78. Cho ma trn vung cp 2 c cc phn t l 2 hoc 2.

Kt qu no sau y l ng?
a. det (3A) = 72
b. det (3A) = 30

Bi tp 0.79. Gii phng trnh

1
1
1
1
c. det (3A) = 45
d. det (3A) = 27

x x2 x3

a a2 a3
= 0.
b b2 b3

c c2 c3
a. Phng trnh v nghim.

b. Phng trnh c ba nghim a, b, c.
c. Phng trnh c ba nghim a + b, b + c, a + c
d. Phng trnh c v s nghim.
Bi tp 0.80. Tm s nghim phn bit ca phng trnh

1 2 x 0

2
1
1
3

=0
1 2 2x x

2 1 3 1
a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. 4
(
)
0 1
1 0
, B = 0 2 . Kt qu
0 0
0 3
no sau y l ng?
a. AB = BA.
b. AB xc nh nhng BA khng xc nh.
0 0
c. BA = 0 0 .
0 0
(
)
0 0
d. AB =
.
0 0
Bi tp 0.82. Tm nghch o ca ma trn
(
(
a.
2
13
4
13
3
13
7
13
(
b.
10 6
14 7
1
13
2
13
6
13
14
13
(
3
1 1
4 2
(
c.
13
1
13
2
13
3
13
7
13
(
d.
1
13
2
13
3
13
7
13
Hin Trng
Bi tp 0.83.
2 1
a. 4 3
2 4
1 1
b.
2 0
3 0
Bi tp 0.84.
(
1
1
(
1
b.
1
a.
1
1
2
3

Ma trn no sau y kh nghch?
2
1 2 0
c. 3 0 0
1
1
1 0 2
2
1 1 2
d. 2 2 4
2
3
1 2 0
(
)
1
1
Cho f (x) = x2 2x + 3; A =
. Tnh f (A).
1 2
)
(
)
1 1
c.
1 2
)
d. Cc cu a,b,c u sai.
Bi tp 0.85. Tm hng ca ma trn A =
a. 1
b. 2
1 1 1 2 4
2 2 3 5 7
3 4 5 2 10
5 6 7 6 18
c. 3
1 1
1
1
4
1
2 3
Bi tp 0.86. Cho A =
6
6
3 4
4 4 m+4 m+7
th r(A) = 3?
d. 4
. Vi gi tr no ca m
c. m = 1
d. m R
(
)
(
)
1 1
1 1 3
;B =
.
3 2
0 1 7
Tm ma trn X tha XA = B.
(
)
(
)
2 1 1
2 1 1
c. X =
a. X =
3 2 2
3 2 2
d. Khng c ma trn X.
2
3
b. X = 1 2
a. m = 1
b. m = 3
Bi tp 0.88. Cho A M4 (R) bit rng r(A) = 3. Kt qu no sau y

ng?
a. det A = 1
b. det A = 0
c. det A = 2
d. det A = 3
Bi tp 0.89. Cho A M34 (R) , B M4 (R) bit det B = 0 v r(A) = 3.

14
Hin Trng
a. r(AB) = 1

b. r(AB) = 3
c. r(AB) = 4
d. r(AB) = 5
(
) 1 0
1 0 2
Bi tp 0.90. Tm ma trn nghch o ca ma trn A =
1 1 .
0 1 0
0 1
1
(
)1
1 0
1
0
2
a. A = 1 1
0 1 0
0 1
(
)
1 2
b. A1 =
1 1
)
(
1 1
1
c. A =
2 1
d. Khng tn ti A1 .
Bi tp chng 2
Phn t lun
Bi tp 0.91. Bin lun theo m s nghim ca cc h phng trnh
tuyn tnh sau:
{
1.
{
2.
{
3.
{
4.
{
5.
(m 1) x + (m 1) y = 1
x
+
my
= 0
(m + 1) x + (m + 1) y = 0
x
+
my
= 0
2 (m + 1) x + (m + 10) y = m
mx
+ (m + 2) y = 2m
x sin + y cos = m
x cos y sin = 2m
mx
+ 2y = 1
(m + 1) x + 3y = 1
2x + 2y 4z
6.
3x + 5y z
4x 4y + 8z
x + y + z
7.
x + 2y mz
2x + 3y + 2z
= m
= 3
= 2
= 0
= 1
= 1
15
Hin Trng
3
2x + 2y z =
8.
2x + 5y 2z =
7
6x + 6y 3z = 2m + 1
x + 2y 2z = 0
9.
2x + 4y 5z = 1
3x + 6y + mz = 1
x + 2y 2z = 2
10.
3x + 7y z = 5
2x + 4y + mz = 7
7
4x + 3y + z =
11.
2x + 4y 2z = m + 7
x + 2y z =
4
3x y + 2z = 3
12.
2x + y 2z = m
x 2y + 4z = 4
z
= 1
2x + 3y
13.
4x + 7y +
2z
= 2
8x + 12y + (m + 6)z = 5
z
= 1
2x + 3y
14.
4x + 7y +
2z
= 2
8x + 12y + (m + 6)z = 4
3y
z
=
1
2x +
15.
4x + (m + 5)y + (m 3)z = m + 1
8x + (m + 11)y + (m 5)z = m + 4
my
+
z
=
m
x +
16.
x +
2y
+
2z
=
1
2
2
2x + (m + 2)y + (m + 2)z = m + m
my
+ z =
m
x +
17.
x +
2y
+ 2z =
1
2x + (m + 2)y + 3z = m + 2
my
+ z =
m
x +
18.
x +
2y
+ 2z =
1
2x + (m + 2)y + z = m + 2
16
Hin Trng
x + 2y + (7 m)z = 2
19.
2x + 4y
5z
= 1
5x + 10y + (m 5)z = 4
mx + y + z = 1
20.
x + my + z = m
x + y + mz = m2
Bi tp 0.92. Gii cc h phng trnh tuyn tnh sau bng phng
php kh Gauss
{
1.
{
2.
2x + 3y 2z = 5
2x + 5y 2z = 7
3x y + 2z = 3
2x + y 2z = 7
x + 4y + 5z = 1
3.
2x + 7y 11z = 2
3x + 11y 6z = 0
x + y z = 2
4.
2x + y 3z = 1
3x + 2y 4x = 3
4x + 3y + z = 7
5.
2x + 4y 2z = 7
x + 2y z = 4
3x y + 2z = 3
6.
2x + y 2z = 0
x 2y + 4z = 4
2x + 3y z = 1
7.
4x + 7y + 2z = 2
8x + 12y + 2z = 5
Bi tp 0.93. Tm m hai h phng trnh sau c nghim chung:
{
1.
{
2.
2x + 3y 2z = 5
v
2x + 5y 2z = 7
x + y 2z = 1
v
mx + 2y + z = 3
17
3x y + 2z = 3
2x + y mz = 7
x 2y + 5z = 8
2x + y mz = m
Hin Trng
{
3.
x + y + z = 1
v
x + y + mz = m
3x 2y + 5z = 8
2x + y + z = m
Bi tp 0.94. Gii cc h phng trnh sau bng phng php Crout
x1 + 7x2 +
1.
3x + 5x2
1
7x1 + 6x2 +
x1 + 2x2 +
3x1 + 2x2
2.
2x1 + 5x2
x + 6x +
1
2
x3 y 4 z 2 t6 = 27
2 6 89
x y z t =9
3.
x4 y 2 z 4 t2 = 81
x6 y 4 z 8 t = 729
2x3 = 17
x3 = 12
x3 = 20
5x3
x3
x3
7x3
2x4
x4
+ 5x4
x4
= 8
= 4
= 6
= 14
Bi tp 0.95. Gii cc h phng trnh sau bng phng php Doolittle
4x1
1.
2x
1
x1
x1
5x1
2.
3x1
2x
1
+ 7x2 + 2x3 = 20
+ 9x2 x3 = 19
+ 5x2 + 2x3 = 13
+ 5x2
+ x2
+ 5x2
+ 2x2
+
+
5x3
2x3
3x3
2x3
+ 2x4
x4
5x4
+ 5x4
= 11
= 8
= 5
= 6
2 4 8
x y z =4
3.
x6 y 3 z 6 = 64
2 6 4
x y z =4
x3 y 4 z 2 t6 = 81
2 6 89
x y z t = 729
4.
x4 y 2 z 4 t2 = 9
x6 y 4 z 8 t = 81
x1 + 2x2 x3
4x1 x2 + 5x3
5.
2x1 + x2 + 6x3
x + 4x x
1
2
3
+ 5x4
+ x4
+ x4
+ 8x4
+ x5
+ 4x5
x5
+ x5
18
= 8
= 13
= 9
= 13
Hin Trng
Phn trc nghim

Bi tp 0.96. Tm m h sau c nghim duy nht
= 1
x + 2y + z
2x + 5y + 3z = 5
3x + 7y + m2 z = 6
a. m = 2
b. m = 2
c. m = 2
d. m = 2
Bi tp 0.97. Tm m h sau c v s nghim
z
= 1
x + 3y +
2x 6y + (m 1) z =
4
2
4x + 12y + (3 + m ) z = m 3
c. m = 1
d. @m
x + y + z = 0
Bi tp 0.98. Gii h phng trnh tuyn tnh
2x + 2y z = 1 .
3x + 4y + 3z = 1
a. m = 3
b. m = 1
a. x = 1, y = 1, z = 0
b. x = a b, y = a, z = b; a, b R
c. x = a + b, y = a, z = b; a, b R
d. x = 1 a, y = 1, z = a; a R
Bi tp 0.99. Tm m h sau y c nghim khng tm thng
mx + 2y + 3z = 0
2x + y z = 0
3mx y + 2z = 0
a. m = 0
c. m = 1
b. m = 1
d. m
Bi tp 0.100. Tm m h sau y c v s nghim
+ 2y
z
+ 4t = 0
x
2x y +
z
+ 3t = 0
2
3mx y + 2m z
= 0
a. m = 0
Bi tp 0.101. Vi gi tr
nghim khng tm thng
x
2x
3x
a. m = 0
c. m = 1
b. m = 1
d. m
no ca m th h phng trnh sau y c

+ 2y + z = 0
+ y + 3z = 0
+ 3y + mz = 0
b. m = 3
c. m = 4
19
d. m = 5
Hin Trng
Bi tp 0.102. Tm tt c cc gi tr m h sau y c v s nghim
2z
=
1
x + y +
2x + 2y + (m + 6) z =
4
2
3x 3y + (m 10) z = m 1
a. m = 6
c. m = 2
b. m = 2
Bi tp 0.103. Tm tt c
nht
mx
x
d. @m
cc gi tr m h sau y c nghim duy

+ y + z = 0
+ my + z = 0
+ y + mz = 0
a. m = 1; m = 2
b. m = 2; m = 1
c. m = 1; m = 2
d. m = 2; m = 1
Bi tp 0.104. Tm tt c cc gi tr m h phng trnh sau y v

nghim
z
= 1
x + 3y +
2x 6y + (m 1) z =
4
2
4x + 12y + (3 + m ) z = m 3
a. m = 1
c. m = 1
b. m = 1
d. @m
Bi tp 0.105. Tm tt c cc gi tr m h phng trnh sau y c

nghim duy nht
2011t
= 1
5x + 3y + 6z +
2
x + 6y z + 13 (m + 1) t = 6
4x 6y + 56z + (m4 1) t = 9
a. m = 0
b. m = 0
Bi tp 0.106. Tm tt c
nht
x +
2x +
3x +
4x +
a. m =
14
3
b. m =
c. m
d. @m
cc gi tr m h sau y c nghim duy

y
3y
y
6y
+ z + t
+ 4z t
+ 2z + 5t
+ 3z + mt
=
=
=
=
c. m
14
3
0
0
0
0
d. @m
Bi tp 0.107. Tm tt c cc gi tr m h c nghim duy nht
z
t =
1
x + y +
2x + 3y
z
+ 2t =
2
2
3
mx + y + (m + 1) z 2t = m + 1
a. m = 0
b. m = 1
c. m = 1
20
d. @m
Hin Trng
Bi tp 0.108. Tm
nghim
x
2x
3x
a. m
tt c cc gi tr m h phng trnh sau v

+ y +
z
=
1
+ 3y
z
=
4
2
+ 3y + (m + 4) z = m + 2
b. m = 1
c. m = 1
d. @m
Bi tp 0.109. Gii h phng trnh
x + y + z t = 0
2x + 3y + z
= 0
3x + 3y + 2z + t = 0
a. x = 5a, y = 2a, z = 4a, t = a; a R
b. x = 5a, y = 2a, z = 4a, t = a; a R
c. x = 5a, y = 3a, z = 2a, t = a; a R
d. Cc cu a,b,c u sai
Bi tp 0.110. H phng trnh tuyn tnh
{
(m 1) x + (m 1) y = 1
x
+
my
= 0
v nghim khi v ch khi
a. m = 1
c. m = 1
b. m = 0
d. m = 1

{
(m + 1) x + (m + 1) y = 1
x
+
my
= 0
v nghim khi v ch khi
a. m = 1
c. m = 1
b. m = 0
d. m = 1

{
2 (m + 1) x + (m + 10) y = m
mx
+ (m + 2) y = 2m
c duy nht mt nghim khi v ch khi
a. m = 2
b. m = 2
c. m = 2
d. m = 2
Bi tp 0.113. H phng trnh

{
mx + (6m 9) y = 2m2 + 3m + 2
x +
my
=
m3 + 1
c duy nht nghim khi
a. m = 3
b. m = 3
c. m = 3
21
d. m = 3
Hin Trng
Bi tp 0.114. Xt h phng trnh tuyn tnh

{
4x y = m + 1
10x + 3y = 6m 3
Chn khng nh ng
a. H trn v nghim vi mi m.
b. H trn v s nghim vi mi m.
c. H trn c nghim duy nht vi mi m.
d. Cc khng nh trn vi mi m.
Bi tp 0.115. Cho h phng trnh tuyn tnh
{
mx + y = 1
x + my = m
a. H trn c nghim duy nht khi v ch khi m = 1.
b. H trn v nghim khi m = 1.
c. H c nghim khi v ch khi m = 1.
d. H trn c nghim vi mi m.
Bi tp 0.116. Cho h phng trnh tuyn tnh
{
mx + y = 1
x + my = m
a. H trn c nghim duy nht khi v ch khi m = 1.
b. H trn v nghim khi m = 1.
c. H c nghim khi v ch khi m = 1.
d. H trn c nghim vi mi m.
Bi tp chng 3
Phn t lun
Bi tp 0.117. Xc nh iu kin vector x l mt t hp tuyn tnh
ca h (u, v, w):
1. x = (1, m, 1);u = (1, 1, 0) , v = (2, 1, 1) , w = (3, 2, 1).
2. x = (2, m + 4, m + 6);u = (1, 2, 3) , v = (3, 8, 11) , w = (1, 3, 4).
3. x = (2, m 4, m);u = (1, 2, 3) , v = (2, 3, 4) , w = (1, 3, 5).
22
Hin Trng
4. x = (x1 , x2 , x3 );u = (1, 2, 3) , v = (2, 4, 5) , w = (3, 6, 7)

5. x = (1, m, 1);u = (1, 2, 4) , v = (2, 1, 5) , w = (3, 6, 12).
Bi tp 0.118. Xc nh iu kin vector x khng phi l mt t hp
tuyn tnh ca h (u, v, w):
1. x = (11, m 9, 17);u = (1, 1, 3) , v = (2, 2, 5) , w = (3, 4, 3).
2. x = (1, m + 2, m + 4);u = (1, 2, 3) , v = (3, 7, 10) , w = (2, 4, 6).
3. x = (x1 , x2 , x3 );u = (1, 2, 1) , v = (1, 1, 0) , w = (3, 6, 3).
4. x = (x1 , x2 , x3 );u = (1, 2, 1) , v = (1, 1, 0) , w = (3, 6, 4).
Bi tp 0.119. Xc nh m h vector sau y ph thuc tuyn tnh:
1. u = (1, 2, m) , v = (0, 2, m) , w = (0, 0, 3).
2. u = (m + 1, m, m 1) , v = (2, m, 1) , w = (1, m, m 1).
3. u = (m, 1, 3, 4) , v = (m, m, m + 2, 6) , w = (2m, 2, 6, m + 10).
4. u = (m, 1, 3, 4) , v = (m, m, m + 4, 6) , w = (2m, 2, 6, m + 10).
4. u = (m, 1, 1, 4) , v = (m, m, m, 6) , w = (2m, 2, 2, m + 10).
Bi tp 0.120. Xc nh m h vector sau y c lp tuyn tnh:
1. u = (2, 1, 1, m) , v = (2, 1, m, m) , w = (m + 2, 1, 0, 0).
2. u = (2, 1, 1, m) , v = (2, 1, 1, m) , w = (10, 5, 1, 5m).
3. u1 = (2, 3, 1, 4) , u2 = (3, 7, 5, 1) , u3 = (8, 17, 11, m) , u4 = (1, 4, 4, 3).
Bi tp 0.121. H vect no sau y to thnh mt c s ca R3 v R4 ?
1. u1 = (1, 2, 1) , u2 = (2, 0, 1) ; u3 = (1, 1, 0).
2. u2 = (1, 1, 0, 1) , u2 = (2, 2, 1, 1) , u3 = (1, 2, 5, 0) , u4 = (0, 1, 1, 2).
Bi tp 0.122. Tm m h vect sau to thnh mt c s ca R3 :
1. u = (1, 2, m) , v = (1, m, 0) , w = (m, 1, 0).
2. u = (m, 1, 1) , v = (1, m, 1) , w = (1, 1, m).
Bi tp 0.123. Tm m h vect sau to thnh mt c s ca R4 :
1. u1 = (3, 1, 2, m 1) , u2 = (0, 0, m, 0) , u3 = (2, 1, 4, 0) , u4 = (3, 2, 7, 0).
2. u1 = (1, 2, 3, 4) , u2 = (2, 3, 4, 5) , u3 = (3, 4, 5, 6) , u4 = (4, 5, 6, m).
Bi tp 0.124. H vector no to thnh mt c s ca khng gian con
W ca R3 sinh bi cc vect sau:
1. u1 = (2, 3, 4) , u2 = (2, 6, 0) , u3 = (4, 6, 8).
2. u1 = (2, 3, 4) , u2 = (5, 4, 0) , u3 = (7, 1, 5).
23
Hin Trng
Bi tp 0.125. H vect no to thnh mt c s ca khng gian con W

ca R4 sinh bi cc vect sau:
1. u1 = (1, 2, 3, 4) , u2 = (0, 2, 6, 0) , u3 = (0, 0, 1, 0) , u4 = (0, 2, 4, 4).
2. u1 = (1, 2, 3, 4) , u2 = (0, 2, 6, 0) , u3 = (0, 0, 1, 0) , u4 = (1, 2, 4, 4).
Bi tp 0.126. Tm s chiu dim W ca khng gian con W ca R4 sinh
bi cc vect sau:
1. u1 = (1, 2, 3, 4) , u2 = (2, 3, 4, 5) , u3 = (3, 4, 5, 6) , u4 = (4, 5, 6, 7).
2. u1 = (3, 1, 5, 7) , u2 = (4, 1, 2, 2) , u3 = (1, 1, 8, 1) , u4 = (1, 2, 1, 2).
Bi tp 0.127. Tm hng ca cc h vect sau:
1. u1 = (2, 3, 5, 7) , u2 = (4, 1, 3, 2) , u3 = (8, 7, 13, 16) , u4 = (6, 4, 8, 9).
2. u1 = (1, 1, 5, 7) , u2 = (6, 2, 2, 2) , u3 = (13, 1, 8, 17) , u4 = (0, 1, 1, 2).
Bi tp 0.128. nh m h sau c hng bng 2:
1. u = (1, 3, 1) , v = (1, m + 3, 3) , w = (1, m + 6, m + 3).
2. u = (m, 1, 0, 2) , v = (m, m + 1, 1, 2) , w = (2m, m + 2, 1, 5).
3. u = (m, 1, 1) , v = (1, m, 1) , w = (1, 1, m).
Bi tp 0.129. Tm ta ca vector u trong c s (u1 , u2 , u3 ):
1. u = (1, 2, 4);u1 = (1, 0, 0) , u2 = (0, 1, 0) , u3 = (0, 0, 1).
2. u = (m, 0, 1);u1 = (0, 0, 1) , u2 = (0, 1, 0) , u3 = (1, 0, 0).
3. u = (2, 3, 6);u1 = (1, 2, 3) , u2 = (1, 3, 4) , u3 = (2, 4, 7).
4. u = (m, 0, 1) ;u1 = (1, 0, 0) , u2 = (1, 1, 0) , u3 = (0, 1, 1).
5. u = (m, m, 4m);u1 = (1, 2, 3) , u2 = (3, 7, 9) , u3 = (5, 10, 16).
6. u = (1, 2m, 2);u1 = (1, 0, 0) , u2 = (0, 2, 0) , u3 = (2, 1, 1).
Bi tp 0.130. Trong khng gian R3 cho tp hp
W = {u = (x1 , x2 , x3 ) : x1 + 3x2 x3 = 0}
1. Chng minh W l khng gian vector con ca R3 .
2. Tm mt c s ca W.
3. Chng minh vector u = (1, 2, 7) thuc W. Xc nh ta ca u
i vi c s va tm c cu 2.
Bi tp 0.131. Trong khng gian R2 cho h vect P = (u1 , u2 ). Tm ma
trn chuyn c s t c s chnh tc E2 sang c s P = (u1 , u2 ) v ngc
li.
24
Hin Trng
1. u1 = (2, 1) , u2 = (1, 1).

2. u1 = (2, 1) , u2 = (1, 1).
3. u1 = (1, 0) , u2 = (0, 1).
4. u1 = (1, 2) , u2 = (3, 4).
Bi tp 0.132. Trong khng gian R3 cho h vect P = (u1 , u2 , u3 ).Tm
ma trn chuyn c s, t c s chnh tc E3 sang c s P = (u1 , u2 , u3 ) v
ngc li.
1. u1 = (1, 0, 1) , u2 = (0, 1, 1) , u3 = (0, 0, 1).
2. u1 = (0, 1, 1) , u2 = (1, 0, 1) , u3 = (1, 1, 0).
3. u1 = (1, 2, 1) , u2 = (1, 1, 1) , u3 = (0, 1, 1).
4. u1 = (4, 2, 1) , u2 = (0, 1, 2) , u3 = (1, 2, 1).
Bi tp 0.133. Trong khng gian R2 , tm ma trn chuyn c s P1 =
(u1 , u2 ) sang c s P2 = (v1 , v2 ) v ngc li.
1. u1 = (2, 1) , u2 = (1, 1) ; v1 = (1, 0) , v2 = (0, 1).
2. u1 = (2, 1) , u2 = (3, 2) ; v1 = (1, 7) , v2 = (8, 1).
3. u1 = (12, 13) , u2 = (1, 1) ; v1 = (1, 1) , v2 = (3, 1).
Bi tp 0.134. Trong khng gian R3 , tm ma trn chuyn c s P1 =
(u1 , u2 , u3 ) sang c s P2 = (v1 , v2 , v3 ) v ngc li.
1. u1 = (1, 0, 0) , u2 = (0, 1, 0) , u3 = (0, 0, 1) ; v1 = (1, 0, 1) , v2 =
(0, 1, 1) , v3 = (0, 0, 1).
2. u1 = (1, 2, 0) , u2 = (1, 1, 3) , u3 = (1, 1, 1) ; v1 = (1, 1, 0) , v2 =
(1, 0, 1) , v3 = (0, 1, 1).
3. u1 = (1, 2, 1) , u2 = (1, 1, 3) , u3 = (1, 1, 1) ; v1 = (1, 1, 3) , v2 =
(1, 1, 1) , v3 = (7, 1, 1).
Bi tp 0.135. Cho bit ma trn chuyn c s t c s B sang c s
chnh tc E3 ca R3 l
1
1
2
P = 0 1 0
1 1 1
Tm ta ca vector u = (1, 0, 1) theo c s B.
chnh tc E3 ca R3 l
1 1 2
P = 3 1 7
1 1 1
25
Hin Trng

chnh tc E3 ca R3 l
1
1
2
P = 1 1 4
1 1 1
Bi tp 0.138. Cho bit ma trn chuyn c s t c s B1 sang c s B2
ca R3 l
1
0 0
P = 0
1 0
1 1 1
v ta ca vector u theo c s B1 l x1 = 1, x2 = 1, x3 = 0. Tm [u]B2 .
ca R3 l
1
2 3
P = 0
1 4
1 1 0
ca R3 l
1 2 3
P = 0 1 4
1 1 0
Bi tp 0.141. Trong khng gian R3 cho h vector (u1 = (1, 0, 0) , u2 =
(0, 1, 0) , u3 = (0, 0, 1)). Cho bit ma trn chuyn c s t c s B1 sang
c s B2 = (u1 , u2 , u3 ) ca R3 l
1
0 0
P = 0
1 0
1 1 1
v ta vect u theo c s B1 l x1 = 1, x2 = 1, x3 = 0. Tm vect u.

Bi tp 0.142. 1. Trong khng gian P5 [x] cho c s
(
)
F = 1, x, x2 , x3 , x4 , x5
26
Hin Trng
Tm [p(x) = x5 1]F .
2. Trong khng gian P5 [x] cho c s
(
)
F = 1, x 1, (x 1)2 , (x 1)3 , (x 1)4 , (x 1)5
Xc nh [p(x) = x5 + 4x4 + 3x 1]F .
(
)
F = 1, x 1, (x 1)2 , (x 1)3 , (x 1)4 , (x 1)5
Xc nh [p(x) = x5 + 4x4 + 3x3 + x2 + x 5]F .
(
)
(x 1)2 (x 1)3 (x 1)4 (x 1)5
F = 1, x 1,
,
,
,
2!
3!
4!
5!
Xc nh [p(x) = 6x5 + 4x4 + 3x3 + x2 + 4x 5]F .
(
)
(x 1)2 (x 1)3 (x 1)4 (x 1)5
F = 1, x 1,
,
,
,
2
3
4
5
Xc nh [p(x) = 6x5 + 14x4 3x3 + x2 + 4x 5]F .
Bi tp 0.143. 1. Trong khng gian vector cc a thc c bc khng
vt qu bn P4 [x] cho hai c s
{
}
(
)
E = 1, x, x2 , x3 , x4 ; F = 1, x 1, (x 1)2 , (x 1)3 , (x 1)4
Tm CEF v CF E .
2. Trong khng gian vector cc a thc c bc khng vt qu bn
P4 [x] cho hai c s
(
)
2
3
4
}
{
(x
1)
(x
1)
(x
1)
E = 1, x, x2 , x3 , x4 F = 1, x 1,
,
,
2!
3!
4!
Tm CEF v CF E .
Phn trc nghim

Bi tp 0.144. Cho V l mt khng gian c s chiu bng bn. Khng
nh no sau y l ng?
a. Mi tp c mt phn t u c lp tuyn tnh.
27
Hin Trng
b. Mi tp c bn phn t l tp sinh.
c. Mi tp c nm phn t l tp sinh.
d. Cc cu a, b, c u sai.
Bi tp 0.145. Tm [x2 + 2x 2]B vi B = (f1 = x2 + x + 1, f2 = x, f3 = 1).
1
a. 1
3
1
b. 1
3
1
c. 1
3
1
d. 1
3
Bi tp 0.146. Trong R2 cho hai c s P1 = ((1, 1) , (2, 3)) v P2 =

( )
1
((1, 1) , (1, 0)). Bit [x]P1 =
, hy xc nh [x]P2 .
2
(
)
(
)
(
)
(
)
5
8
2
1
a.
b.
c.
d.
8
5
1
2
Bi tp 0.147. Cho W = ((1, 1, 1, 1) , (2, 3, 2, 3) , (3, 4, 1, m)), vi gi tr
no ca m th W c s chiu ln hn 1?
b. m = 1
a. m = 0
c. khng c m
d. m
Bi tp 0.148. Trong R3 cho W = ((1, 1, 1) , (2, 3, 2)), P = ((1, 0, 0) , (2, 2, m))

vi gi no ca m th P l c s ca W?
a. m = 0
b. m = 1
c. khng c m
d. m
Bi tp 0.149. Trong R3 cho W = ((1, 1, 1) , (2, 3, 1) , (3, 5, m)). Vi gi

tr no ca m th W c s chiu l 2?
a. m = 0
b. m = 1
c. m = 2
d. m = 4
Bi tp 0.150. Trong khng gian P2 [x] cho cc vector

f1 = x2 + x + 1, f2 = 2x + 1, f3 = 3x2 + 2x + m
Vi gi tr no ca m th h vector P = (f1 , f2 , f3 ) sinh ra P2 [x].
5
5
d. m =
a. m = 1
b. m = 1
c. m =
2
2
Bi tp 0.151. Trong R3 cho hai c s
P = ((1, 2, 3) , (3, 4, 5) , (2, 1, 4))
P = ((1, 1, 1) , (1, 1, 0) , (1, 0, 0))
1
Bit rng [X]P = 2 . Hy tm [X]P .
1
28
Hin Trng
1
a. 5
4
4
b. 5
1
1
c. 5
2
3
d. 3
4
Bi tp 0.152. Cho khng gian vector V c s chiu l ba. Khng nh

no sau y l ng?
a. Mi tp sinh phi c nhiu hn ba phn t.
b. Mi tp c lp tuyn tnh phi c ba phn t.
c. Mi tp sinh ca V c ba phn t u l c s ca V.
d. Mi tp sinh ca V phi c ng ba phn t.
Bi tp 0.153. Trong R3 cho khng gian vector con
W = {(a, a + b, a b) : a, b R}
a. ((1, 0, 0) , (0, 1, 1) , (0, 1, 1)) l c s ca W.
b. ((1, 0, 0) , (0, 1, 1) , (0, 1, 1)) l tp sinh ca W.
c. ((1, 1, 1) , (0, 1, 1)) l c s ca W.
d. Cc cu trn u sai.
Bi tp 0.154. Trong R3 cho W = ((1, 1, 1) , (2, 1, 3) , (3, 3, 5)) v X =
(3, 2, m). Tm m X
/ W.
14
14
a. m
b. Khng c m
c. m =
d. m =
3
3
Bi tp 0.155. Trong P2 [x] xt hai c s
P = (x2 + x + 1, 7x 2, 2)
P = (x2 , 3x, 3)
Bit rng [p (x)]P =

1 . Hy tm [p (x)]P .
3
2
2
2
c. 2
b. 3
a. 3
3
2
2
1
d. 1
4
Bi tp 0.156. Trong R4 cho h vector

P = ((1, 1, 1, 1) , (1, 2, 3, 4) , (0, 0, 0, 0) , (2, 3, 4, 5))
a. r(P ) = 2
b. P l c s ca R4
c. r(P ) = 3
d. P sinh ra R4
29
Hin Trng
Bi tp 0.157. Tm tt c cc gi tr ca m h vector
(
)
P = x2 + x + 1, 2x + 1, x2 + 2x + m
l c s ca P2 [x].
b. m = 3
a. m = 3
c. m =
3
2
d. m =
3
2
Bi tp 0.158. Cho W = (1, 1, 1) , (1, 2, 1) v P = ((1, 1, 1) , (1, 1, m)).

Tm m P l c s ca W.
a. m = 0
b. m = 1
c. khng c m
d. m
Bi tp 0.159. Trong R3 cho khng gian con

W = ((1, 1, 1) , (2, 3, 1) , (5, 1, 2))
Tm mt c s P ca W v dim W.
a. dim W = 2, P = ((1, 1, 1) , (0, 1, 1)).
b. dim W = 2, P = ((1, 1, 1) , (0, 0, 1)).
c. dim W = 3, P = ((1, 1, 1) , (2, 3, 1) , (5, 1, 2)).
d. Cc cu trn u sai.
Bi tp 0.160. Trong R3 cho khng gian con W = {(x, y, z) : x + y z = 0}.
a. dim W = 1, P = ((1, 1, 1)).
b. dim W = 2, P = ((1, 1, 0) , (1, 0, 1)).
c. dim W = 2, P = ((1, 1, 2) , (2, 2, 4)).
d. dim W = 3, P = ((1, 0, 0) , (0, 1, 0) , (0, 0, 1)).
{
W=
{
(x, y, z, t) :
x + y + z + t = 0
2x + 3y z + t = 0
a. dim W = 2, P = ((4, 3, 1, 0) , (2, 1, 0, 1)).
b. dim W = 2, P = ((1, 1, 1, 1) , (2, 3, 1, 1)).
c. dim W = 3, P = ((1, 1, 1, 1) , (4, 3, 1, 0) , (2, 1, 0, 1)).
d. Cc cu kia u sai.
30
Hin Trng
Bi tp 0.162. Trong R3 cho

W = ((1, 1, 1) , (0, 1, 1)) ; U = ((2, 2, 2) , (1, 2, m))
Vi gi tr no ca m th W = U?
a. m = 0
b. m = 0
c. m = 1
d. m = 1
Bi tp 0.163. Vi gi tr no ca m th khng gian con ca h
x + y + 2z t = 0
2x + 2y + z + t = 0
x + y + z + mt = 0
c s chiu ln hn 1.
a. m = 5
c. m = 7
b. m = 7
d. m

W = {(x, y, z) : mx1 + x3 = 0}
Tm tt c m dim W = 2
a. m = 0
b. m = 0
c. m = 1
d. m
Bi tp 0.165. Cho khng gian con W = {(x, my, z) : x, y, z R}. Tm

tt c m W = R3 .
a. m = 0
b. m = 0
c. m = 1
d. m = 1
Bi tp 0.166. Cho khng gian con W = {((m + 1) x, y, (m + 2) z) : x, y, z R}.

Tm tt c m W = R3 .
a. m = 1 v m = 2.
b. m = 1 m = 2.
c. m.
d. Cc cu trn u sai.
Bi tp 0.167. Trong R2 cho quy tc
X|Y = x1 y1 + x1 y2 + x2 y1 + mx2 y2
vi X = (x1 , x2 ) , Y = (y1 , y2 ). Tm m X|Y l tch v hng.
a. m > 1
b. m < 1
c. m = 1
d. m = 1
Bi tp 0.168. Trong R2 cho tch v hng

X|Y = 3x1 y1 + x1 y2 + x2 y1 + x2 y2
v Z = (1, 2). Tm di vector Z.
a. Z = 11
b. Z = 5
c. Z = 11
31
d. Z = 5
Hin Trng
Bi tp 0.169. Trong R2 cho tch v hng

X|Y = 2x1 y1 x1 y2 x2 y1 + x2 y2
v Z = (1, 1) , T = (2, m). Tm m ZT .
a. m = 3
c. m = 2
b. m = 2
d. m = 1
Bi tp 0.170. Trong R4 vi tch v hng chnh tc, cho h vector

P = ((1, 1, 1, 1) , (0, 0, 0, 0) , (2, 1, 1, m))
Tm m P l h trc giao.
a. m = 4
b. m
c. m = 3
d. m = 0
Bi tp chng 4
Phn t lun
Bi tp 0.171. Cho nh x tuyn tnh f : R2 R2 , ma trn ca f i
(
)
1 2
vi c s B = ((1, 1), (1, 0)) l
. Tm biu thc ca f .
3 4
Bi tp 0.172. Cho nh x tuyn tnh f : R2 R2 nh bi f (x1 , x2 ) =
(x1 + 3x2 , 2x1 + 4x2 ). Tm ma trn ca nh x ngc f 1 : R2 R2 i
vi c s chnh tc.
Bi tp 0.173. Cho nh x tuyn tnh f : R2 R2 nh bi f (x, y) =
(4x, 4x y). Tm ma trn ca f i vi c s B = ((1, 1), (1, 1)).
Bi tp 0.174. Cho hai nh x tuyn tnh f : R3 R3 nh bi
f (x1 , x2 , x3 ) = (x1 + x2 + x3 , x1 + x2 x3 , x1 x2 x3 )
v g : R3 R3 nh bi
g(x1 , x2 , x3 ) = (x1 x2 x3 , x1 + x2 x3 , x1 x2 + x3 )
Xc nh biu thc nh x hp g f : R3 R3 .
(x + y, x y). Tm ma trn ca f i vi c s B = ((1, 1), (1, 0)).
Bi tp 0.176. Cho nh x tuyn tnh f : R2 R2 . Ma trn ca f i
(
)
1 3
vi c s B = ((0, 1), (1, 0)) l
. Tm biu thc ca f .
2 4
32
Hin Trng

(x y, x y). Tm ma trn ca f i vi c s B = ((1, 1), (1, 2)).
(
)
1 1
vi c s B = ((0, 1), (1, 0)) l
. Tm biu thc ca f .
3 4
(
)
1 0
vi c s B = ((1, 1), (1, 1)) l
. Tm biu thc ca f .
0 1
(
)
1 3
vi c s E2 l
. Tm biu thc ca nh x ngc f 1 : R2 R2 .
2 5
Bi tp 0.181. Cho nh x tuyn tnh f : R3 R3 nh bi f (x, y, z) =
(x y, y z, x + z). Tm ma trn ca f i vi c s E3 .
(x y, y z, x + z). Tm ma trn ca f i vi c s chnh tc.
(x + y, y + z, x + z). Tm ma trn ca f i vi c s chnh tc.
(x + y + z, x y + z, x + y + 3z). Tm ma trn ca f i vi c s B =
((1, 1, 0), (0, 1, 1), (1, 0, 1)).
Bi tp 0.185. Cho nh x tuyn tnh f : R3 R3 , bit ma trn ca f
1 1 1
i vi c s B = ((1, 1, 0), (0, 1, 1), (1, 0, 1)) l 2 1 1.
1 0 1
1. Tm biu thc ca f .
2. Tm biu thc ca f 1 (nu c).
Bi tp 0.186. Cho nh x tuyn tnh f : R3 R3 , bit ma trn ca f
1 1 1
i vi c s B = ((1, 1, 1), (1, 1, 1), (1, 1, 1)) l 2 1 4.
1 3 1
1. Tm biu thc ca f .
2. Tm biu thc ca f 1 (nu c).
Bi tp 0.187. Cho nh x tuyn tnh f : R3 R3 nh bi
f (x1 , x2 , x3 ) = (x1 + x2 + x3 , x1 x2 + x3 , x1 + x2 x3 )
Tm ma trn ca nh x ngc f 1 : R3 R3 i vi c s chnh tc.
33
Hin Trng

f (x, y, z) = (x + y + z, x y + z, x + y z)
Tm biu thc ca nh x ngc f 1 : R3 R3 .
f (x, y, z) = (x + y, y + z, x + z)
Tm biu thc ca nh x ngc f 1 : R3 R3 .
Bi tp 0.190. Xc nh m nh x tuyn tnh f : R3 R3 nh bi
f (x, y, z) = (mx + y + z, x + my + z, x + y + mz)
c nh x ngc f 1 : R3 R3 .
Bi tp 0.191. Xc nh m nh x tuyn tnh f : R3 R3 nh bi
f (x, y, z) = (mx + y + z, x + my + z, x + y + mz)
khng c nh x ngc f 1 : R3 R3 .
Bi tp 0.192. Cho nh x f : R3 R3 nh bi
f (x, y, z) = (x + y + z, x + 2y + z, x + y + 3z)
1. Chng minh f l ng cu.
2. Tm ma trn ca f i vi c s chnh tc ca R3 .
3. Tm ma trn ca f i vi c s B = ((1, 1, 1), (1, 1, 1), (1, 1, 1))
(gii bng hai phng php).
Bi tp 0.193.
0
A=
0
0
Tm a thc c trng ca cc ma trn sau
1 2 3
1 2 3 4
2 3 4
1 2 3
1 1 2
0 1 2 3
,C =
,B =
0 2 3
1 0 2
0 0 2 3
1 1 0
0 1 2 2
0 0 2
3
2
Bi tp 0.194. Tm gi tr ring ca cc ma trn
1 1
1
1 1 1
1 1 0
A = 4 1 0 , B = 1 2 2 , C = 1 1 1
1
1 1
2 2 4
0
0 3
34
Hin Trng
Bi tp 0.195. 1. Vi gi tr no ca m th vector X = (m, 1) l vector

(
)
2 0
ring ca ma trn A =
.
0 2
2. Vi gi tr no ca m th vector X = (m, m) l vector ring ca ma
)
(
0 2
trn A =
.
3 0
3. Vi gi tr no ca m th vector X = (m, m, m) l vector ring ca
5 0 0
ma trn A = 0 5 0.
0 0 5
Bi tp 0.196. 1. Tm cc vector ring ng vi tr ring = 1 ca ma
(
)
0 1
trn A =
.
1 0
( 2. Tm) cc vector ring ng vi tr ring = 2 ca ma trn A =
27 5
.
5 3
3. Tm cc vector ring ng vi tr ring = 0 ca ma trn A =
2 0 0
0 0 0.
0 0 0
4. Tm cc vector ring ng vi tr ring = 2 ca ma trn A =
2 0 0
0 0 0.
0 0 0
Bi tp 0.197. Vector X = (2, 2) l vector ring ca ma trn A =
(
)
0 1
ng vi tr ring no?
1 0
1 0 0
Bi tp 0.198. Cho ma trn A = 2 1 0. ng vi tr ring = 1,
7 2 1
ma trn A c bao nhiu vector ring c lp tuyn tnh?
(
)
1 2
Bi tp 0.199. Vector X = (2, 2) l vector ring ca ma trn
4 3
ng vi tr ring no?
(
)(
)(
)
5 2
3 2
1 2
Bi tp 0.200. Ma trn
c cc tr ring no?
3 1
0 3
3 5
(
)
1 1
Bi tp 0.201. Vector X = (7, 7) l vector ring ca
ng vi tr
1 1
ring no?
35
Hin Trng
(
)(
)(
)
1 1
7 2
2 1
. Ma trn A
1 2
0 7
1 1
c cc tr ring no?
)
(
1 2
Bi tp 0.203. Vector X = (2, 4) l vector ring ca ma trn
2 4
ng vi tr ring no?
(
)(
)(
)
1 1
17 28
2 1
. Ma trn
1 2
0 14
1 1
A c cc tr ring no?
(
)(
)(
)
2 1
7 0
1 1
. Ma trn
1 1
12 14
1 2
A c cc tr ring no?
Bi tp 0.206.
a. A = 4
0
b. C =
1
1
Cho ha cc ma trn sau (nu c):
1 1
1 0
c. B = 1 2
1 0
2 2
0 3
3 1
1
1
d. D = 1 1
1 1
1 1
1 1
1
2
4
1
1
1
Phn trc nghim

Bi tp 0.207. Trong cc nh x sau, nh x no l nh x tuyn tnh
t R2 R2 ?
a. f (x1 , x2 ) = (x1 + 3x2 + 1, 2x1 + 4x2 ).
b. f (x1 , x2 ) = (x1 x2 , 2x1 + 4x2 ).
c. f (x1 , x2 ) = (6x1 2x2 , 2x1 x2 ).
d. f (x1 , x2 ) = (x1 2 , x2 ).
t R2 R2 ?
a. f (x1 , x2 ) = (x1 + 3x2 + 1, 2x1 + 4x2 ).
b. f (x1 , x2 ) = (x1 x2 , 2x1 + 4x2 ).
c. f (x1 , x2 ) = (6x1 2x2 , 2x1 3 x2 ).
d. f (x1 , x2 ) = (2x1 , x1 x2 ).
t R2 R2 ?
36
Hin Trng
a. f (x1 , x2 ) = (x1 + 3x2 + 1, 2x1 + 4x2 ).

b. f (x1 , x2 ) = (x1 + x2 , 2x1 + 4x2 ).
c. f (x1 , x2 ) = (6x1 2x2 , 2x1 3 x2 ).
d. f (x1 , x2 ) = (2x1 + 4, x1 x2 ).
)
1 0
vi m R. Khng nh no
m 0
sau y ng?
a. A cho ho c khi v ch khi m = 0.
b. A khng cho ho c khi v ch khi m = 0.
c. A cho ha c vi mi m.
d. A ch c mt tr ring.
0 m
m 0
)
vi m R. Khng nh
no sau y ng?
a. A cho ho c khi v ch khi m = 0.
b. A khng cho ho c khi v ch khi m = 0.
c. A cho ha c vi mi m.
d. A khng c mt tr ring no.
1 1 a
Bi tp 0.212. Cho ma trn A = 0 2 b vi a, b R. Khng nh
0 0 3
no sau y ng?
a. A cho ho c khi v ch khi a = 0, b = 0.
b. A cho ho c khi v ch khi a = 0.
c. A cho ha c vi mi a, b.
d. A khng cho ha c vi mi a, b.
0 1 a
Bi tp 0.213. Cho ma trn A = 0 1 0 vi a R. Khng nh no
0 0 1
sau y ng?
a. A cho ho c khi v ch khi a = 0.
b. A cho ho c khi v ch khi a = 1.
c. A cho ha c vi mi a.
d. A khng cho ha c vi mi a.
37
Hin Trng
Bi tp 0.214. Gi s A l mt ma trn vung cp 3 c 3 vector ring

l (1, 2, 1) ; (1, 0, 1) ; (1, 0, 0) ln lt ng vi cc tr ring l 1, 2 v 3. t
1 1 1
P = 2 0 0. Khng nh no sau y ng?
1 1 0
1 0 0
a. A c cho ha v P 1 AP = 0 2 0.
0 0 3
2 0 0
b. A c cho ha v P 1 AP = 0 1 0.
0 0 3
3 0 0
c. A c cho ha v P 1 AP = 0 2 0.
0 0 1
d. Cc khng nh trn u ng.
Bi tp 0.215. Gi s A l mt ma trn vung cp 3 c 3 vector ring
l (2, 2, 1) ; (1, 1, 1) ; (2, 0, 0) ln lt ng vi cc tr ring l 3, 2 v 4. Ma
3 0 0
trn P no sau y tha ng thc P 1 AP = 0 2 0.
0 0 4
2 1 2
2 2 1
c. P = 2 1 0
a. P = 1 1 1
2
1
b. P = 1
1
0
2
2
1
d. P = 0
0
2
0
0
1
1
1
1
2
2
1
Bi tp 0.216. Gi s A l mt ma trn vung cp 3 c a thc c

trng l () = ( 2) ( 4). Khng nh no sau y ng?
a. A cho ha c.
b. A cho ha c khi v ch khi ng vi tr ring 0, A c hai vector
ring c lp tuyn tnh.
c. A cho ha c khi v ch khi ng vi tr ring 2, A c hai vector
ring c lp tuyn tnh.
d. Acho ha c khi v ch khi ng vi tr ring 4, A c hai vector
ring c lp tuyn tnh.
Bi tp 0.217. Gi s A l mt ma trn vung cp 3 c a thc c
trng l () = ( 2)2 ( 4).Khng nh no sau y ng?
38
Hin Trng
a. A khng cho ha c v A khng c hai tr ring phn bit.

b. A cho ha c.
c. A cho ha c khi v ch khi ng vi tr ring 2, A c hai vector
c lp tuyn tnh.
d. A Cc khng nh trn u sai.
Bi tp 0.218. Cho f l nh x tuyn tnh t R2 R2 xc nh bi
f (x, y) = (x + y, 2x + 3y).
a. f l song nh.
b. f l n nh nhng khng l ton nh.
c. f l ton nh nhng khng l n nh.
d. Cc cu kia u sai.
4 5 2
Bi tp 0.219. Cho ma trn A = 5 7 3. Khng nh no sau y
6 9 4
l ng?
a. (1, 2, 3) l vector ring ca A.
b. (1, 2, 1) l vector ring ca A.
c. (0, 0, 0) l vector ring ca A.
d. (0, 1, 1) l vector ring ca A.
2 1 1
Bi tp 0.220. Tm tt c cc gi tr ring ca ma trn A = 0 3 1 .
0 0 2
a. 1 = 2, 2 = 3, 3 = 0
b. = 2
c. 1 = 2, 2 = 3
d. = 3
(
)
1 0
. Tm cc tr ring ca ma trn
2 3
A3 .
a. 1 = 1, 2 = 6
b. 1 = 1, 2 = 27
c. 1 = 1, 2 = 9
d. Cc cu trn u sai
(
)
1 2
. Tm cc tr ring ca ma trn
4 3
A3 .
a. 1 = 1, 2 = 125
b. 1 = 1, 2 = 15
c. 1 = 1, 2 = 5
d. Cc cu trn u sai
39
Hin Trng
4 1 2
Bi tp 0.223. Cho A = 2 1 2, bit A c ba gi tr ring thc
1 1 1
1 , 2 , 3 . Tm I = 1 + 2 + 3 .
a. I = 6
b. I = 7
c. I = 8
d. I = 9
Bi tp 0.224. Trong cc nh x tuyn tnh sau, nh x no c nhn

sinh ra bi hai vector (1, 1, 0) v (1, 0, 1)?
i. f : R3 R2 xc nh bi f (x, y, z) = (x + y + z, 0).
ii. f : R3 R2 xc nh bi f (x, y, z) = (x + y, x + z).
iii. f : R3 R2 xc nh bi f (x, y, z) = (x + y + z, 2x + 2y + 2z).
a. Ch c i.
b. Ch c i v ii
c. C ba nh x
d. Khng c nh x no
Bi tp 0.225. Trong cc nh x sau, nh x no c nh sinh ra bi hai

vector (1, 1) , (1, 2)?
i. f : R2 R2 xc nh bi f (x, y) = (x, y).
ii. f : R2 R2 xc nh bi f (x, y) = (0, x).
iii. f : R2 R2 xc nh bi f (x, y) = (2x + y, 2x + y).
a. C ba nh x
b. Ch c iii
c. Ch c i v ii
d. Ch c i
Bi tp 0.226. Cho nh x tuyn tnh f : R3 R3 xc nh bi

f (x, y, z) = (x + y + z, x + y, x + z). Khng nh no sau y l ng?
a. dim ker f = 0, dim Im f = 3
b. dim ker f = 0, dim Im f = 2
c. dim ker f = 1, dim Im f = 2

d. dim ker f = 1, dim Im f = 3
Bi tp 0.227. Cho nh x tuyn tnh f : R3 R2 bit

f (1, 1, 1) = (1, 2)
f (1, 1, 0) = (1, 1)
f (1, 0, 0) = (0, 1)
Tm f (2, 1, 1).
a. (1, 1)
b. (3, 3)
c. (1, 2)
d. (2, 1)

f (1, 1) = (1, 0)
f (2, 1) = (1, 1)
Tm f (8, 5).
a. (1, 3)
b. (3, 1)
c. (2, 1)
40
d. (2, 1)
Hin Trng

f (1, 1, 1) = (1, 1, 1)
f (1, 2, 1) = (1, 1, 0)
f (2, 2, 0) = (2, 1, 1)
Vi gi tr no ca m th X = (1, 2, m) Im f ?
a. m = 1
b. m = 1
c. m = 0
d. m = 0

f (1, 1) = (1, 1)
f (1, 0) = (3, 3)
Vi gi tr no ca m th X = (1, m + 1) Im f ?
a. m
b. m = 2
c. m = 2
41
d. m = 0

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