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EKG Blueprint Board Review
EKG Blueprint Board Review
EKG Blueprint Board Review
Ebook61 pages37 minutes

EKG Blueprint Board Review

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About this ebook

This ebook is designed for physician assistants preparing to take the PANCE or PANRE. This ebook is meant to augment the Cardiovascular section of the NCCPA blueprint for the PANCE and PANRE. This ebook has content important for preparing for these exams as well as 50 board style multiple choice review questions, answers, and detailed explanations.

LanguageEnglish
PublisherJeremy Boroff
Release dateJan 15, 2014
ISBN9781625906052
EKG Blueprint Board Review
Author

Jeremy Boroff

I Am an emergency medicine physician assistant for the last 10 years. Prior to this I worked as a Registered Respiratory Therapist for 7 years. In my spare time I write board review apps and ebooks and enjoy spending time with my wife and two little boys Samuel 6 years, and Michael 10 months. I also guest lecture quite often.

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EKG Blueprint Board Review - Jeremy Boroff

EKG Blueprint Board Review

Jeremy R. Boroff MPAS, RRT, PA-C

EKG Blueprint Board Review

Copyright 2014 by Jeremy Boroff, PA-C

Smashwords Edition"

EKG Waves:

-P Wave-atrial depolarization

-QRS Complex-ventricular depolarization

-T Wave-ventricular repolarization

-U Wave-atrial repolarization (often absent)

-Upward deflection of the QRS complex is referred to as a positive deflection

-Downward deflection of the QRS complex is referred to as a negative deflection

EKG Measurement Normals

Normal PR Interval-0.12-0.2 seconds (3-5 small boxes)

Normal QRS Complex-less than 0.12 seconds (less than 3 small boxes)

Rhythm

Normal Sinus Rhythm=equal distance between similar waves (P, QRS, and T waves)

Four Varieties of Arrhythmias

1.  Sinus Arrhythmia- the pacemaker still originate from SA node but the pacemaking activity is irregular varying with inspiration and exhalation

2.  Wandering Atrial Pacemaker-the pacemaker wanders from focus to focus.  The P waves are various shapes since the origin of the pacemaker varies from within the atria.

3.  Atrial Fibrillation-multiple ectopic foci in the atria emit electrical impulses.  Since no single impulse depolarizes both atria there is a rapid series of tiny waves

4.  Escape Beat-the response to a pause in pacemaking activity.  Premature beats are made by an ectopic focus discharging spontaneously causing a beat earlier than expected.

Premature Beats

1.  Premature Atrial Contraction (PAC)-originates from an ectopic focus in the atrium that appears much earlier than normal P wave on an EKG

2.  Premature Junctional Contraction (PJC)-originates in an ectopic focus in the AV junction which fires before the normal cycle.  Usually inverted P wave occurring before, during, or immediately after the QRS complex

3.  Premature Ventricular Contraction (PVC)-originates from an ectopic focus, an occurs very early before a P wave.

With Premature beats there usually is a compensatory pause.

Tachycardias

1.  Paroxysmal Atrial Tachycardia-a rapid sudden heart

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