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    Introduction to HTML & CSS
    Introduction to HTML & CSS
    Introduction to HTML & CSS
    Ebook109 pages1 hour

    Introduction to HTML & CSS

    By Claudia Da Silva

    4.5/5

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    About this ebook

    This book covers the basics of HTML and inline CSS based on the latest standards proposed by W3C. The topics covered are:
    a) History of HTML
    b) How to start an HTML document and the sections of an HTML document
    c) Hyperlinks, Tables, Paragraphs, Headings, Lists (Unordered, Ordered and Definition), Images
    d) The new semantic tags for an HTML document (header, footer, section, etc.)
    e) Definition of CSS and ways to use CSS
    f) Using inline CSS - the style attribute
    g) The most used CSS properties
    This book is used in Introduction to HTML and CSS topics in courses taught at City College of San Francisco where the author teaches.

    LanguageEnglish
    PublisherClaudia Da Silva
    Release dateApr 25, 2014
    ISBN9781311882196
    Introduction to HTML & CSS
    Author

    Claudia Da Silva

    I was born in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil where I started working in the Information Technology industry in 1986 developing small applications in Visual Basic. After that I started working at the biggest oil company in South America - Petrobras - where I had the opportunity of working developing and maintaining mainframe systems, later client-server applications and websites mainly for intranet uses.When I started working with HTML, CSS was not so much used and old tags such as , were used to format some parts of web pages.I came to United States in 1997 to work on Y2K projects mainly in mainframe systems and a few client-server applications. I continued my studies in web development and started developing, as a consultant, web sites for small businesses and non-profit companies. While working full time as a System Engineer, I also experimented using Web Authoring Tools such as Dreamweaver, Expression Web, Visual Studio while continue to use simple text editor to code HTML and CSS.In 2007 I started teaching at City College of San Francisco as a part-time faculty member and in 2009 I became a full-time faculty. I've started the WDDC - Web Developers and Designers Club and I have also presented some workshops for faculty members on web development especially for mobile devices.I have been responsible for creating some of the courses taught at City College in the web development area for the Computer Networking and Information Technology Department.I continue to develop and maintain websites for small businesses and non-profit companies but most of the time sharing with students the experience so they can have more hands-on opportunities.

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      Book preview

      Introduction to HTML & CSS - Claudia Da Silva

      TITLE & COPYRIGHT

      Introduction to HTML & CSS

      By CNIT Department Faculty of City College of San Francisco

      Copyright 2018 CNIT - CCSF

      Smashwords Edition

      6th Edition

      CONTENT

      Preface

      Introduction to HTML

      Start writing HTML

      The head section

      The body section – inserting content

      Organize content with HTML tags

      Tables

      Lists

      Images

      Links

      Validating HTML

      Block and inline tags

      Introduction to forms

      Introduction to CSS

      Background image

      Background color

      Alignment of text

      Color of text

      Borders

      PREFACE

      The objective of this e-book is to introduce readers to HTML and CSS. The files mentioned in this e-book can be found http://www.cdasilva.info/ebookfiles.zip. You can download the files and use them with the exercises proposed by this e-book.

      After reading this e-book and following the exercises, you should be able to:

      Understand the history and evolution of the HTML markup language

      Write the HTML for a basic web page using simple text editors using

      Headings

      Paragraphs

      Images

      Lists

      Table

      Hyperlinks

      Use basic CSS properties to format color, style, and alignment of web page content

      Basic use of the W3C Validator to validate the HTML code

      Open an HTML document in the browser

      This book was created by instructors of the CNIT Department of City College of SF to help students find a more economic textbook to be introduced to the basics of HTML and CSS as most textbooks in the market cover more areas and details then the introductory course designed for the CNIT curriculum.

      The errata for this book can be found at http://www.cdasilva.info/errata.htm

      IMPORTANT:

      You will find some links to external websites to add information to your studies but as the time passes by, some of those links might be unavailable for many different reasons. If this is the case, you can use a search engine and look for terms to find an alternative website and/or ask your professor for help.

      Introduction to HTML

      What exactly is HTML?

      HTML is not a programming language; it’s short for Hyper Text Markup Language.

      It is a nonproprietary language interpreted by the web browser. It came from SGML which was more complex, but was well known by Tim Berners-Lee that then created the HTML with the intention of sharing research papers over the internet.

      In the table below, you will see the timeline for HTML:

      After HTML5, we had the release of HTML 5.1 in April/2013 (added the main element and removed the hgroup element) but the HTML 5.1 was only accepted as a W3C standard in November/2016!

      Notice that HTML 3.2 is the first release from W3C but, who is W3C?

      W3C stands for World Wide Web Consortium, and it is a non-profit organization that creates and manges standards and guidelines with the objective of ensuring the long-term growth of the World Wide Web (WWW). The URL of their website is http://www.w3.org and the President of this organization is Tim Berners-Lee.

      What is HTML used for?

      Imagine you will write articles for the different sections of a newspaper. One of the first things you would do is gather all the news you want to publish. Then you would try to arrange the news in a structure that would attract the readers as well as make it easy for them to find the articles they want to read. If you look at any newspaper from that perspective, then you will easily understand the use of HTML.

      HTML will be used to insert the content – the many words, sentences, paragraphs – that will constitute your web pages that together will make your website.

      In newspapers, you will be using special formatting for the headlines, right? In an HTML document, you will be mostly using the headings.

      In newspapers, you will be structuring the articles in paragraphs and you will do the same in an HTML document.

      In some articles of newspapers, you may have some information that you might need to structure in lists or tables which, sometimes, will be also necessary in your HTML document.

      What tool should you use to write an HTML document?

      There are many different tools in the market that can be used to write an HTML document (a web page) such as Adobe Dreamweaver, Microsoft Expression Web – these two are not free software but are tools very well known and used in the market. You will also find some free HTML editors that can be used as well and they are not being cited here as every year a new one comes up as freeware or shareware.

      You need to understand that HTML is written in plain text and then the file is saved with the extension .htm or .html which browsers will then recognize as web pages and interpret as so. Being plain text, you can then even use simple tools as Notepad (for MS Windows users) or Text Edit (for Mac users).

      If you are a Mac user, you should change some settings in the Preferences of the Text Edit to make sure that your files will be saved in plain text and NOT in rtf (Rich Text Format) which is generally the default for Text Edit.

      You can also use Notepad++, Sublime, VS Code, etc. some web editors will work in Windows and Mac computers, others might work only in one of those platforms.

      Organizing your computer

      The assumption for this course is that you know how to create, copy & paste, and delete files and folders in your computer – no matter if it’s a Mac or Windows computer.

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