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    An Introduction To Data Acquisition
    An Introduction To Data Acquisition
    An Introduction To Data Acquisition
    Ebook100 pages1 hour

    An Introduction To Data Acquisition

    By Jason King

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    About this ebook

    A brief yet detailed study discussing the data acquisition process (Capturing Data, Signal conditioning, Data transmission, Data conversion and Information processing) focusing in some detail on Analogue to Digital and Digital to Analogue conversion. Includes research and study tasks making this book suitable for both personal and group study. To enhance the learning experience the study includes more than 55 color diagrams, numerous formula/equations and example C++ and 8051 Assembler code.

    Basic electronic (Analogue/Digital) and computer programming understanding is assumed.

    LanguageEnglish
    PublisherJason King
    Release dateMay 19, 2014
    ISBN9781310093944
    An Introduction To Data Acquisition
    Author

    Jason King

    Lives in Geelong, Australia. Born 1971 Married with 4 boys Upcoming Books include: - An Introduction to AI Coding - An Introduction to Microprocessors Thank you to Marcus Hayden for the sepia icon artwork used throughout my study books. www.art.mdhayden.com

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      Book preview

      An Introduction To Data Acquisition - Jason King

      Introduction to Data Acquisition

      Published by Jason King at Smashwords

      Copyright 2019 Jason King

      Smashwords Edition, License Notes

      This eBook is licensed for your personal education and enjoyment only. This eBook may not be re-sold or given away to other people. If you would like to share this book with another person, please purchase an additional copy for each recipient.

      Thank you for respecting the hard work of this author.

      Sepia icons created by Marcus Hayden under paid contract from the author.

      Contents

      Introduction

      Data Acquisition Overview

      What Are We Measuring

      Capturing Data

      Signal Conditioning

      Data Transmission

      Data Conversion

      Information Processing

      Conclusion

      Task Solutions

      About the Author

      Introduction

      This brief study will look at the overall data acquisition process (Capturing Data, Signal conditioning, Data transmission, Data conversion and Information processing) as well as focusing in on a few important fine details, predominately Analogue to Digital and Digital to Analogue conversion.

      Included at the end of each chapter are research and study tasks making this book suitable for both personal and group study.

      Basic electronic (Analogue and Digital) and computer programming understanding is assumed.

      Back to Contents

      Data Acquisition Overview

      With the advent of automation and subsequent electronics in the manufacturing industry, the field of Process monitoring and control came to the front.

      In its basic from it could simply be the monitoring and identification of a state. For example, monitoring the state of a switch and turning a light on or off accordingly.

      Figure 1 – Data acquisition flow.

      In a more advanced closed-loop situation it could involve multiple sensor inputs, complex computer logic and decision making software with feedback providing automated adjustments to the original process.

      The block diagram below shows the typical sequence of a Data Acquisition system (DAQ) with active feedback.

      Figure 2 – DAQ Active Feedback.

      The sequences in more detail are:

      A) Process. Refers to the actual activity that is occurring. This could include things such as furnace control, robotics, waste disposal etc. The Process will likely contain internal transducers monitoring the process activities which in turn feedback to set-point controllers which adjust the process as required. This closed loop system is not totally isolated though and can be overridden or adjusted by the computer controlled DAQ system.

      B) Transducers. Monitor the activities of the process and take readings and results of such activities. This could include temperature readings, position, speed, frequency, radiation etc.

      A sensor is any transducer that can convert a real world variable such as luminance, radiation, chromaticity, altitude and electromagnetism into a signal suitable for logic processing. This signal is typically electrical in nature although logic/information could also be represented by mechanical or other means such as pneumatic.

      Sensors come in all shapes and sizes and play an important role in any Data Acquisition system. More recently with the advent of miniaturization in electronics, sensors are coming with basic built-in signal conditioning capabilities.

      C) Signal Conditioning. As transducers vary in construction and operation, signal conditioning is required to translate the readings taken by the transducers into consistent and reliable information. This would involve filtering out unwanted noise, signal amplification, signal isolation, signal conversion and such.

      D) Data Acquisition. This process involves converting the strong & clear signal from the signal conditioning unit into a suitable protocol or format that the processing logic will be able to understand & operate upon. This normally involves A/D conversion and setting of appropriate TTL levels.

      The Data Acquisition System function is usually accomplished by a plug-in DAQ board that slots into computers PCI or USB slot, although standalone boxes that communicate to computer networks via ethernet or wireless are also available.

      The main function of this logic is to accept the signals coming from the field, converts them to a computer friendly format (analogue to digital) and passes them onto the computer via the bus. Because more than one signal may be arriving from the field, the DAQ functionality would also include a multiplexer.

      E) Process Control. This step is typically computer based logic. The logic analyses the data and makes decisions based upon the software provided.

      Computers of today are advanced enough to handle the various tasks and

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