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    Mongoose for Application Development
    Mongoose for Application Development
    Mongoose for Application Development
    Ebook315 pages2 hours

    Mongoose for Application Development

    By Simon Holmes

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    About this ebook

    This book is a mini tutorial full of code examples and strategies to give you plenty of options when building your own applications with MongoDB. This book is ideal for people who want to develop applications on the Node.js stack quickly and efficiently. Prior knowledge of the stack is not essential as the book briefly covers the installation of the core components and builds all aspects of the example application. The focus of the book is on what Mongoose adds to you applications, so experienced Node.js developers will also benefit.
    LanguageEnglish
    PublisherPackt Publishing
    Release dateAug 26, 2013
    ISBN9781782168201
    Mongoose for Application Development
    Author

    Simon Holmes

    Simon Holmes has been a full-stack developer since the late 1990s, manages the European Solutions Engineering team for LivePerson and runs Full Stack Training Ltd.

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      Book preview

      Mongoose for Application Development - Simon Holmes

      Table of Contents

      Mongoose for Application Development

      Credits

      About the Author

      About the Reviewers

      www.PacktPub.com

      Support files, eBooks, discount offers and more

      Why Subscribe?

      Free Access for Packt account holders

      Preface

      What this book covers

      What you need for this book

      Who this book is for

      Conventions

      Reader feedback

      Customer support

      Downloading the example code

      Errata

      Piracy

      Questions

      1. Introducing Mongoose to the Technology Stack

      The technology stack – Node.js, npm, MongoDB, and Express

      The language and the server – JavaScript and Node

      Single-threaded versus multithreaded

      Blocking versus non-blocking code

      JavaScript callbacks

      Running the callback

      A Node.js example

      The database – MongoDB

      The framework – Express

      What Mongoose is all about

      What is Mongoose good for?

      What Mongoose is not ideally suited for

      The cornerstones of Mongoose

      Mongoose schemas

      Mongoose models

      Installing the full stack

      Installing the prerequisites

      Installing Node.js

      Installing npm

      Installing MongoDB

      Installing Express.js

      Installing Mongoose

      Direct installation into project

      Using project dependencies – package.json

      Creating a project

      Summary

      2. Establishing a Database Connection

      Mongoose default connection

      Using multiple connections

      About the connection string

      Setting the port

      Specifying a database user

      Connection options

      Closing the connection

      Calling the close command

      Closing when the Node process ends

      Connection events

      Connecting our project

      Creating the connection

      Catching the events

      Opening the connection at application start

      Creating the database

      Summary

      3. Schemas and Models

      Introducing schemas

      Field sizes

      Data types allowed in schemas

      String

      Number

      Date

      Boolean

      Buffer

      ObjectId

      Mixed

      Tracking changes to Mixed type

      Array

      Warning – array defined as mixed type

      Custom SchemaTypes

      Where to write the schemas

      Writing a schema

      Modifying an existing schema

      Setting a default value

      Only allowing unique entries

      Our final User schema

      What's that __v thing?

      Why is this needed?

      Defining the Project schema

      Improving the Project schema

      Building models

      Instances

      Interacting with instances

      Finding a single instance

      Finding many instances

      Considerations when choosing your model name

      Setting the collection name

      Overriding the collection name in the schema

      Overriding the collection name in the model

      Building models from our schemas

      Our complete code

      Summary

      4. Interacting with Data – an Introduction

      Model methods and instance methods

      Setting up the project

      Code structure

      Adding the routes files

      Tying the routes to Mongoose models

      URLs and routes

      Routes for user management

      Routes for project management

      Summary

      5. Interacting with Data – Creation

      Creating an instance

      Adding data to the instance

      Saving an instance

      Using the saved data

      Creating and saving database entry in one step

      Chaining methods

      The Model.create() method

      CRUD – create data

      Adding a new user form

      Adding the Jade template

      Linking the view to the URL

      Adding the create user function

      Error trapping

      Creating a user session

      Displaying the confirmation page

      Try it out!

      Adding create project functionality

      Routes

      New files and functions

      Summary

      6. Interacting with Data – Reading, Querying, and Finding

      Approaches to find and read data

      Using the QueryBuilder

      Single query operation

      Static helper methods – finding data

      CRUD – reading user and project data

      findOne() – finding a single user

      Login form

      Login action

      Housekeeping – adding homepage links

      Try it out!

      find() – finding a list of projects and returning JSON to AJAX

      Creating a new static find method

      Setting up the route

      Updating the view

      Building the AJAX call

      Try it out!

      findByld() – finding a single project

      Route setup

      Creating the view

      Summary

      7. Interacting with Data – Updating

      Model helper methods

      Building the commands

      Which method to choose

      The catch

      The three-step find-edit-save approach

      CRUD – editing users and projects

      Tracking user login

      Editing the current user

      Routes in use

      Setting up the form

      Setting up the controllers

      Committing the edit

      Editing projects

      Routes

      New files and functions

      Summary

      8. Interacting with Data – Deleting

      Deleting data

      CRUD – deleting user and projects

      The Are you sure page

      Deleting the user

      Improving on this

      Deleting individual projects

      Routes

      New files and functions

      Summary

      9. Validating Data

      Mongoose validation – the basics

      Default validators

      All SchemaTypes

      Number SchemaType

      String SchemaType

      Understanding validation errors

      Doing it your way – create custom validation

      Single function – no custom error message

      Returning a custom error message

      Validating a regular expression

      Taking the messages out of the schema

      Using multiple re-usable validators

      Non-blocking, asynchronous validation

      Extending Mongoose validation

      Adding validation to our project

      Summary

      10. Complex Schemas

      Population – references to other collections

      Defining data for population

      Saving population references

      Retrieving populated data

      Querying to return a subset of results

      Populating into multiple parent items

      Subdocuments

      Creating subdocuments

      Saving and validation

      Retrieving subdocuments

      Accessing a specific subdocument

      Deleting subdocuments

      Data management when modifying existing schemas

      Summary

      11. Plugins – Re-using Code

      Reusable schema plugins

      Creating a schema plugin

      Applying the plugin to an existing schema

      Using an external file

      Using schema middleware

      Not just for plugins

      Sharing with the community

      Summary

      Index

      Mongoose for Application Development

      Mongoose for Application Development

      Copyright © 2013 Packt Publishing

      All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the publisher, except in the case of brief quotations embedded in critical articles or reviews.

      Every effort has been made in the preparation of this book to ensure the accuracy of the information presented. However, the information contained in this book is sold without warranty, either express or implied. Neither the author, nor Packt Publishing, and its dealers and distributors will be held liable for any damages caused or alleged to be caused directly or indirectly by this book.

      Packt Publishing has endeavored to provide trademark information about all of the companies and products mentioned in this book by the appropriate use of capitals. However, Packt Publishing cannot guarantee the accuracy of this information.

      First published: August 2013

      Production Reference: 1200813

      Published by Packt Publishing Ltd.

      Livery Place

      35 Livery Street

      Birmingham B3 2PB, UK.

      ISBN 978-1-78216-819-5

      www.packtpub.com

      Cover Image by Abhishek Pandey (<abhishek.pandey1210@gmail.com>)

      Credits

      Author

      Simon Holmes

      Reviewers

      Alexandru Vlăduțu

      Robert Klep

      David Harvey

      Acquisition Editor

      Grant Mizen

      Commisioning Editor

      Llewellyn Rozario

      Technical Editor

      Akashdeep Kundu

      Project Coordinator

      Joel Goveya

      Proofreader

      Mario Cecere

      Indexer

      Hemangini Bari

      Production Coordinator

      Aditi Gajjar

      Cover Work

      Aditi Gajjar

      About the Author

      Simon Holmes started his journey as a web developer in late 1990s. He built his first website for a project at university and soon saw what the industry had to offer when he promptly sold it! Following university, Simon worked his way through the ranks of design agency life, learning the skills of becoming a full-stack web developer. From server management and database design to building dynamic, UIs from Photoshop files, it all fell under Simon's remit. Having witnessed first-hand the terrible JavaScript code so prevalent in the early 2000s Simon is very much enjoying its resurgence as a powerful, structured language. Simon now works in SaaS, which is very heavy on the JavaScript.

      Firstly I would like to thank my wife Sally for taking increased duties with our two lovely young daughters Eri and Bel, affording me some peace and quiet in which to code and write. Thanks also to Andreas Soellner for his feedback and encouragement throughout the process, and technical reviewers David Harvey of Vyclone Inc., Robert Klep, and Alexandru Vlăduțu. I also wish to express my thanks to the team at Packt Publishing who have been open and helpful from start to finish. Not forgetting of course Aaron Heckman who created Mongoose and continues to maintain, support, and push it forward.

      About the Reviewers

      David Harvey has built tools for more than twenty five years for developers, architectural infrastructure for investment banks, and high-end music software. He has formed and led teams in organizations of all sizes, and has taught, consulted, and presented on object technology, patterns and agile software development. He is currently the CTO at Vyclone Inc., delivering ground-breaking multi-angle video technology on mobile and cloud platforms.

      Robert Klep is a freelance frontend and backend web developer from 's-Hertogenbosch, the Netherlands, with more than 17 years experience. Lately, Robert has been focusing more on JavaScript and Node.js development. He has used Mongoose extensively in several projects. He was the winner of the 0th Annual Obfuscated Perl Contest in 1996.

      Alexandru Vlăduțu is a JavaScript developer at a company in Bucharest, Romania. He started creating applications with PHP five years ago, but after finding out about server-side JavaScript with Node.js he never had to switch technologies again. You may have seen him answering questions on stackoverflow.com under the nickname alessioalex, where he is in the top three overall answerers for tags like Node.js, Express, Mongoose, or Socket.IO. By day he battles cross browser compatibility issues, but by night he brings together embedded databases, servers, and caching layers into single applications using the good parts of JavaScript. Aside from the geeky stuff, he enjoys spending time with his wife.

      I would like to thank the Node.js community for being so friendly and

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