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MC LC
PHN 1: KHI QUT CHUNG V C S THC TP ---------------------- 2 1.1 1.2 Gii thiu v cng ty CPTMDV Cng Ngh Si Gn ---------------------- 2 Cc sn phm ca cng ty ------------------------------------------------------ 2

LI NI U ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4 PHN 2: GII THIU EBTS---------------------------------------------------------- 5 2.1 2.1.1 2.1.2 2.1.3 2.2 2.2.1 2.2.2 2.2.3 2.3 C s l thuyt -------------------------------------------------------------------- 5 Tng Quan V H Thng ( system overview) ------------------------------- 5 Tng Quan v h thng Dimetra-S --------------------------------------------- 5 Tng Quan V Dimetra-P ------------------------------------------------------- 6 CC TNH NNG H THNG DIMETRA -------------------------------- 7 Dch v truyn d liu (DATA SERVICES) --------------------------------- 7 Nn Tng EBTS ----------------------------------------------------------------- 10 Equipment Cabinet ------------------------------------------------------------- 11 Thc tin------------------------------------------------------------------------- 14

2.3.1 M hnh h thng cho mt trm BTS ---------------------------------------- 14 2.3.2 Cu hnh trm BTS ------------------------------------------------------------- 20 PHN 3: TNG QUAN V TRM BTS ------------------------------------------- 24 3.1 3.3 S khi trm BTS ----------------------------------------------------------- 24 Chc nng cc thnh phn ca trm BTS ----------------------------------- 25 3.2 Cc thnh phn ca trm BTS --------------------------------------------------- 25 3.3.1 H thng ngun AC------------------------------------------------------------- 25 3.3.2 H thng ngun DC ------------------------------------------------------------ 26 3.3.3 H thng RBS v BBS ---------------------------------------------------------- 26 3.3.4 H thng truyn dn ------------------------------------------------------------ 28 KT LUN V LI CM N ------------------------------------------------------ 33 TI LIU THAM KHO------------------------------------------------------------- 34

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PHN 1: KHI QUT CHUNG V C S THC TP

1.1 Gii thiu v cng ty CPTMDV Cng Ngh Si Gn - Cng ty CPTMDV Cng Ngh Si Gn Sitek l Partner ca Siemens ti Vit Nam v Enterprise Communications v Enterasys Networks. Cng ty chuyn cung cp, trin khai service cc dng IP PBX ca Siemens t HiPath 3000, 4000, UCvi version mi nht. ng thi cng ty cng cung cp cc dch v khc nh: + Nng cp Version, m rng dung lng h thng v y Spare Partcho tt c cc dng tng i Siemens t th h u HiCom cho n th h HiPath. + Dch v bo tr nh k hng nm, hng qu hay Service on Call v c bit l x l cc tnh hung khn cp (Trouble Shooting). 1.2 Cc sn phm ca cng ty a) Tng i in thoi Tng i Siemens Hipath 1100 HiPath 1100 l dng sn phm tng i cng nng cao , bao gm 3 loi tng

i , dng cho doanh nghip c lng s dng ln n 140 my nhnh. Vi h tr ADSL , Hipath 1100 mang n cho bn mt cng ngh truyn thng tin tin. Cc tnh nng c sn , chng hn CLIP lm cho h thng linh hot hn. HiPath 1100 l mt gii php ti u ha chi ph u t, khng ch thp v gi thnh m cn rt thun tin , d dng trong vic lp rp t v vn hnh. Tng i Siemens Hipath 3000 HiPath 3000 l nn tng truyn thng chun mang n nhng tnh nng cng

nghip hng u dnh cho cc doanh nghip va v nh c th phc v ln n 500 ngi s dng. V h tr bt k s kt hp no gia TDM, analog v in thoi IP, khch hng PC v in thoi khng dy, khin n tr thnh mt la chn l tng cho cc mi trng hot ng khng ng nht. Tng i Siemens Hipath 4000
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HiPath 4000 l gii php truyn thng trn nn IP cho cc doanh nghip vi

quy m t 300 ti 100,000 ngi s dng. Gii php cung cp mt di rng ln cc ng dng cho doanh nghip vi tin cy cao. Gii php kt hp cc im mnh ca vic kt ni mng vi s a dng ca cc thit b u cui, bao gm cc my bn IP v TDM, cc my di ng WLAN v DECT, softphone v UC clients. b) Gateway v Moderm GSM Gateway VoIP Gateway VFX Gateway GSM Moderm G2403 c) in thoi in thoi IP in thoi DIGITAL in thoi ANALOG d) Ghi m/th thoi VC Log Matrix Hipath Xperssions Compact

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LI NI U
Trong cuc sng hng ngy thng tin lin lc ng mt vai tr rt quan trng v khng th thiu c. N quyt nh nhiu mt hot ng ca x hi, gip con ngi nm bt nhanh chng cc thng tin c gi tr vn ha, kinh t, khoa hc k thut rt a dng v phong ph. Ngy nay vi nhng nhu cu c v s lng v cht lng ca khch hng s dng cc dch v vin thng ngy cng cao, i hi phi c nhng phng tin thng tin hin i nhm p ng cc nhu cu a dng ca khch hng mi lc, mi ni m h cn. Thng tin di ng ngy nay tr thnh mt dch v kinh doanh khng th thiu ca tt c cc nh khai thc vin thng trn th gii. i vi cc doanh nghip th thng tin di ng tr thnh phng tin lin lc quen thuc v khng th thiu c. Trong nhng nm gn y, lnh vc thng tin di ng trong nc c nhng bc pht trin vt bc c v c s h tng ln cht lng phc v. Vi s hnh thnh nhiu nh cung cp dch v vin thng mi to ra s cnh tranh thu ht th phn thu bao gia cc nh cung cp dch v. Cng vi , mc sng chung ca ton x hi ngy cng c nng cao khin cho s lng cc thu bao dch v di ng tng t bin trong cc nm gn y. p ng c nhu cu ca ngi s dng th song song vi cc nh mng l cc nh khai thc c s h tng cng ng mt vai tr rt quan trng nhm m rng vng ph sng. Trong qu trnh thc tp em c cc anh ch trong cng ty tn tnh hng dn gip nhng do nhn thc v trnh cn hn ch nn bi bo co ny khng th trnh khi nhng thiu xt. V vy, em rt mong c s ng gp, nhn xt ca cc thy c v cc bn bi bo co ca em c hon thin hn na. c bit, em xin chn thnh cm n thy Trn Vn Cng tn tnh gip em trong sut qu trnh thc tp v vit bo co.

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PHN 2: GII THIU EBTS

2.1 C s l thuyt 2.1.1 Tng Quan V H Thng ( system overview) Dimetra l mt h thng truyn thng k thut s cung cp cc tnh nng nh ngha trong cc tiu chun TETRA Dimetra cung cp mt khi nim v vng rng trong h thng truyn thng, ni m khu vc truyn tin tc RF c cung cp bi mt s s v tr vng xa c kt ni n thit b mng. H thng cho php ngi dng vi cc thu bao in thoi di ng v ngi ng k xch tay giao tip vi PSTN bng cch s dng h thng RF nh mt phng tin. H thng RF bao gm v tr c s thu pht h thng EBTS c lin kt vi c s h tng mng. C s h tng mng do cung cp cc kt ni n PSTN Cc yu t mng cu thnh h thng Dimetra hon ton c qun l cho php cu hn t xa v bo tr h thng Motorola cung cp hai gii php Dimetra , cc gii php mng chia s TETRA , Dimetra-S , private-TETRA , Dimetra-P Dimetra-S h thng nhm vo nhng c hi chia s TETRA ln m cha c gii quyt ti u ca cc sn phm Dimetra-P S khc bit chnh Dimetra-P v Dimetra-S l Dimetra-S cung cp MS v sc cha rt cao , v kh nng in thoi kt ni n h thng Dimetra-S c trin khai bi nh iu hnh h thng cng cng. 2.1.2 Tng Quan v h thng Dimetra-S Motorola chia s-TETRA gii php mng, Dimetra-S, c da trn cc cng ngh c chng minh v c sa i thch hp h tr cc tiu chun TETRA.Cc yu t t in thoi di ng GSM ca Motorola v h thng iDEN c kt hp vi cc trm Motorola c s ca Dimetra-P cung cp mt h thng h tr tt c cc kha cnh ca tiu chun TETRA. H thng Dimetra-S cung cp cho i pht thanh v dch v in thoi di ng ging nh ngi s dng. SDS dch v d liu cng c h tr. Qun l di ng c h tr y cho php lin tc ca dch v l thu bao di chuyn qua vng ph sng mng. Cc phn t mng to thnh h thng Dimetra-S c qun l y , cho php cu hnh t xa v bo tr ca h thng.

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Dimetra-S EBTS trm c s c th c cu hnh trong hoc omni hoc cu hnh cho php hnh thnh vng ph sng v nng lc h tr cc yu cu ti v a l v giao thng khc nhau ca mng. Cc nhn t trong h thng Dimetra-S c th c phn chia thnh nhng nhn t cung cp cc chc nng kt ni, chng cng cung cp cc chc nng gi, yu cu kt ni h thng v nhng chc nng v qun l h thng.

Hnh 2.1 : Khi h thng Dimetra-S 2.1.3 Tng Quan V Dimetra-P Motorola Private-TETRA gii php mng, Dimetra-P, c da trn cc cng ngh c chng minh c sa i thch hp h tr cc tiu chun TETRA. H thng Dimetra-P cung cp kt ni in thoi, truyn i hai chiu v cc dch v d liu cho cc mng an ton t nhn v cng cng. Dimetra-P tnh nng bao gm: Voice Services Data Sevices Supplemetary Sevices Dispatch Console Operator Features Dispatch Console Management Features Radio Control Management Features Network Management Features Mobile Station Features

Qun l di ng c h tr y cho php lin tc ca dch v l thu bao di chuyn qua vng ph sng mng.
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Cc phn t mng to thnh h thng Dimetra-P c qun l y , cho php cu hnh t xa v bo tr ca h thng.

Hnh 2.2: Khi h thng Dimetra-P

2.2 CC TNH NNG H THNG DIMETRA Cc c tnh v chc nng cung cp bi h thng cho ngi dng c phn chia nh sau: Dch v thoi: l cc dch v thng tin bng m thanh thoi c cung cp. Dch v truyn d liu: Cc phng thc thng tin dng d liu (data) c cung cp bi h thng. Cc dch v cn bn khc: Cc dch v b sung c h thng cung cp b tr thm cho cc dch v thoi v d liu v ch c ngha p dng vi cc dch v thoi v d liu. 2.2.1 Dch v truyn d liu (DATA SERVICES) H thng DIMETRA ca MOTOROLA h tr cc dch v truyn d liu nh sau: Dch v bo ng Bn tin trng thi Dch v bn tin nhn Dch v nhn tin trn my b m Dch v d liu gi. 2.2.1.1 Bo ng khn cp (Emergency Alarm) Mi my u cui Dimetra c trang b mt nt khn cp c thit k ti v tr d dng cho ngi s dng. Ngi s dng my u cui c th gi khn cp bng cch kch hot nt ny. Nu ngi s dng sau nhn nt PTT, th cuc gi khn cp s c thit lp, cuc gi khn cp c mc u tin cao nht trong h thng Dimetra.
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Khi nt bo ng khn cp c nhn, my u cui pht ra mt m thanh bo ng khn bt u (Emergency Start tone) v biu tng khn cp trn mn hnh nhp nhy bo hiu rng mt bo ng khn cp c thit lp. 2.2.1.2 Bn tin trng thi (Status Messages) Dch v bn tin trng thi cho php MS gi mt bn tin trng thi n h thng gim st iu hnh, s dng dch v bn tin ngn theo chun TETRA, trn giao din v tuyn. Dch v gi tin nhn ca MS ch c thc hin trn knh MCCH (Main Control Channel). Bn tin trng thi dc pht ti tt c cc b gim st iu hnh DCs (Dispatch Consoles) talkgroup m MS l thnh vin. Bn tin trng thi ch c gi ti DCs ch khng gi ti cc thnh vin trong talkgroup. Sau , t b iu khin vng s c mt tn hiu gi v MS pht cnh bo bo cho MS bit l tn hiu cnh bo c pht ti h thng gim st iu hnh. 2.2.1.3 Dch v truyn gi bn tin nhn (Short Data Transport Service) Dch v truyn d liu ngn ca Dimetra (SDTS) cho php cc d liu ngn ln n 140 bytes c gi:do n h tr cc cc dch v nh bn tin vn bn (Text Messaging), truy cp c s d liu, o lng t xa, ... SDTS h tr c hai loi dch v im - im, im a im. Trong cc ng dng nh bn tin vn bn, ngi s dng my u cui c th pht v thu cc vn bn n bt k my u cui no trong h thng, bao gm c bn iu phi. Bn tin vn bn co th c nh ngha trc v chn la t mt danh sch tm thi hoc n c th l vn bn bt k, c vit bng cch s dng bn phm. 2.2.1.4 Dch v bn tin vn bn Dch v bn tin vn bn Alphanumerial Text Service (ATS) cho php iu phi vin gi cc thng tin quan trong nh l bn tin trin khai lc lng hoc cc thng bo tin tc thng qua dch v d liu ngn (SDS) n my u cui. Nhng thng tin ny c thu nhn di dng bn tin vn bn trong cc my u cui. Chng trnh ATS c tnh nng thng bo nhn c m n cho php bn iu phi bit c my u cui c c bn tin hay khng. Chng trnh ATS cng cho php iu phi vin nh mt bn tin v gi qung b n nhiu my u cui. iu ny tit kim thi gian v cho php cc thng tin chnh xc c gi n mt cch chnh xc ti nhiu my u cui ng thi. My u cui cng c kh nng gi bn tin n cc my u cui khc. Bn tin c th ln n 140 k t v c nhp vo thng qua bn phm. 2.2.1.5 Dch v d liu gi Trong Diametra, mi my u cui c gn a ch qua mt nhn dng thu bao TETRA c nhn duy nht Individual Tetra Subcriber Identification (ITSI). Bn ni b trong PDS ca Diametra cho php mi my u cui c gn a ch qua mt a ch IP, ng hn l mt nhn dng c bit ca TETRA. S truy nhp n PDS ti my u cui l thng qua PEI, n tun theo chun TETRA. Ti c s h tng ca Diametra, s kt ni n vic nh tuyn d liu gi l thng qua mt kt ni IP. Motorola xut mt hng dn ca nh lp trnh PDS hn hp vi cc chi tit ca giao din v c th cung cp s h tr y cho cc nh pht trin ng dng. m bo rng dch v thoi v d liu c th h tr ng thi thng qua giao din v tuyn, s trao i d liu gi c thc hin trn cc knh d liu gi Package Data Channel (PDCH). bo v kh nng thc hin dch v, bt k my u cui c n nh knh PDCH s b xa knh sau mt thi gian khng hot ng (c kh nng ci t ti h
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thng). H thng cng c th c ci t m bo rng ngi s dng c mc u tin cao c u tin trong vic truy nhp n dch v d liu gi.
Qun l li

ng dng FullVision ca Motorola cung cp mt phng php qun l li thng minh. FullVision dng cng c qun l nt mng OpenView ca hng Hewlett-Packaed (HP) nhm cung cp cho ngi dng mt cng c qun l li theo chun cng nghip. FullVision c cc c im sau:
Sau y l danh sch cc lp bo ng ca FullVision INM: Rt quan trng (Critical) - i tng ra khi vng phc v Quan trng (Major)- suy gim dch v ang rt xu Khng quan trng lm (Minor) - Dch v khng b nh hng bi iu kin li. Cnh bo (Warning) - Dch v c th b nh hng do li. Khng xc nh (Indeterminate) -Khng th xc nh c (Unknown). Bnh thng (Normal) - i tng trong trng thi hot ng bnh thng.

Trng thi Rt quan trng Quan trng Khng quan trng lm Cnh bo Bnh thng Khng xc nh

Mu biu tng

Cam
Vng Xanh l m (xanh trong) Xanh l cy Xanh dng

ngha i tng mt tnh nng i tng c mt vn nghim trng i tng c vn khng quan trng lm i tng trong iu kin yu cu phi ch n i tng hot ng bnh thng. FullVision INM khng th xc nh trng thi hoc khng qun l i tng

Cc biu tng (Icon) trn ca cc i tng c cho thy trong hnh trn. Mi trng thi ca i tng c xc nh bng mu ca chng ... mu xanh l cy khng li, mu xc nh mt li. Khi ta bm nt tri chut ln mi biu tng, h thng s hin th n mc k tip. H thng cng to cc bo ng bng m thanh khi c mt li xy ra.

STT 1 2

Ch tiu Trng lng (bao gm c pin) Loi pin / Dung lng pin

Yu cu phi p ng 475 gram LiIon , 1200 mAh

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Thi gian s dng pin : - 5% pht / 5% thu / 90% ch - 5% pht / 35% thu / 60% ch S lng nhm lin lc ch trunking S lng nhm lin lc ch trc tip DMO Kh nng qut knh Lu danh sch cuc gi c nhn Lu danh sch cuc gi in thoi Bn phm Nt cnh bo khn cp Mn hnh hin th Di nhit hot ng Kh nng chng bi v nc Kh nng chu rung xc, va p Di tn s hot ng ch Trunking (TMO) Di tn s hot ng ch trc tip (DMO) Cng sut pht iu ch rng knh nhy thu Giao din cng kt ni ngoi vi Ch lm vic Ph kin km theo

GVHD: Trn Vn Cng

3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22

20 gi 13 gi 500 100 20 30 25 DTMF Nt ring, d truy cp, thao tc Mu hoc en trng -200C n 600C Tiu chun IP54 Tiu chun qun s MIL810C/D/E TMO : 380 400MHz DMO : 380 400MHz 1.0 W FM, /4 - DQPSK 25 kHz -112 dB (tnh) -103 dB (ng) RS-232 theo tiu chun TETRA Bn song cng , song cng ng b, chuyn dng cho lc lng an ninh cng cng

2.2.2 Nn Tng EBTS EBTS TETRA bao gm iu khin v tr, h thng bo hiu mi trng, mt hoc nhiu Radios c s (BR), v h thng phn phi tn s v tuyn (RFDS). EBTS cung cp giao din gia cc n v pht thanh di ng trong h thng Dimetra v phn cn li ca mng. Cc chc nng chnh ca EBTS c lit k di y: C s i pht thanh thu pht Lin kt v tuyn nh dng, m ha, thi gian, khung v kim sot li Thi gian kim sot gim st cc trm di ng (thi gian trc) Lin kt v tuyn o lng cht lng [c tnh cht lng tn hiu] ng b ha khung Giao din lin kt v tuyn thit b mng "t" Chuyn i chc nng gia c s thu pht Hot ng, bo tr v qun l i l
10

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iu khin kim sot ca BR thng qua mt mng LAN Ethernet . EBTS Dimetra-S s dng mt kt ni E1 lin lc vi cc thnh phn mng khc, v EBTS Dimetra-P s dng mt lin kt X.21. Trong cc h thng Dimetra-P SC c th c cu hnh kim sot mt BR d phng cung cp hot ng tr li i pht thanh c s, trong trng hp ca mt i pht thanh c s khng hot ng .Nu cu hnh ny i pht thanh c s cng c th c chuyn trong CNE cung cp thm kh nng.Tnh nng ny c cu hnh bng phn mm EBTS (Tess).BR d tha tnh nng i hi hoc l mt b kt hp t ng khoang iu chnh (ATCC) hoc b kt hp li hot ng, nh BR ch phi c kh nng cu hnh chnh n tn s v tuyn in c s dng bi mt BR b li.Trong cc h thng vi ATCCs nhiu, tch knh ti thiu phi khng ch c duy tr gia cc knh trn mi ATCC, m cn gia cc knh ca tt c cc ATCCs.iu ny cho php BR d tha c th thay th bt k BR b li v php BR d tha ca ATCC duy tr tch knh chnh xc.Lu rng, ch BR cui cng trong cc EBTS c th c cu hnh nh BR d tha. EBTS hot ng kt hp vi cc trm di ng thc hin cc php o c s dng trong qu trnh chuyn giao , khi kt ni cuc gi ang trong tin trnh v cc trm di ng ang di chuyn trong v ngoi khu vc bo him EBTS. EBTS Dimetra-S hon ton c qun l bi cc hot ng trung tm bo trRadio (OMC-R).Truyn thng gia OMC-R v EBTS din ra cc hot ng Lin kt bo tr (EOML).EOML l mt khe thi gian 64kbit / s vo lin kt E1 mang thng tin lin lc gia cc EBTS v cc MSO. Cc EBTS Dimetra-P c qun l bi qun l iu khin v tuyn in (RCM), thng tin lin lc gia cc EBTS v RCM din ra lin kt X.21.RCM c th ti v cc tp tin cu hnh mi cho cc EBTS v nhn c bo ng / s kin v thng tin thng k hiu sut t cc EBTS. 2.2.3 Equipment Cabinet The EBTS Equipment Cabinet cha thit b RF v thit b kim sot. N cung cp cc lin kt thng tin v tuyn in gia mt t v cc thit b di ng. The EBTS Equipment Cabinet ch yu cha cc i pht thanh c c(Base Radio), thit b phn phi RF v Site Controller. Site Controller v Base Radio c kt ni vi nhau thong qua mng LAN. Site Controller l giao din truyn thng gia cc c s h tng mng v cc EBTS thng qua mt h thng Dimetra-p hoc EBTS v MSO thng qua mt lin kt E1 trong h thng Dimetra-S. Equipment Cabinnet cao 1.845 met, cha cc module thit b khc nhau. Cc module thit b cha trong cabinet: 2.2.3.1 Breaker panel

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Bng ngt c t trong v tr cao nht ca ni cc trang thit b, nh trong Hnh 1-3.y l v tr trung tm phn phi in v bo v qu ti ca t thit b.mi cu dao c dnh ring mt m-un duy nht trong ni cc thit b.Cc b phn ngt mch cung cp hng dn s dng on / off kim sot cho cc m-un, cng nh cung cp t ng ngt kt ni trong trng hp ca mt qu ti in. 2.2.3.2 Junction panel Bng iu khin ng giao nhau cung cp mt v tr trung tm cho nn tng ni , truy cp vo bng iu khin ng giao nhau l thu c t u ca ni cc thit b.Cc bng iu khin khp ni ny c t pha trn cng ca ni cc thit b hng v pha sau, nh th hin trong Hnh 1-3. 2.2.3.3 Cavity combiner Cavity combiner iu chnh 380-400 MHz, 410-433 MHz truyn ti h thng kt hp.Combiner l m-un m rng n 4 knh. Combiner c gn kt di y bng ngt trong ni cc thit b, nh trong Hnh 1-3. 2.2.3.4 Hybrid combiner Hybrid combiner cung cp ng tin cy kt hp ln n 4 my pht bng cch s dng mt cch tip cn kiu m-un, v bao gm mt di tn s t 380 - 433 MHz. B kt hp khng c hn ch i vi khong cch gia cc knh ca cc knh TX, v h tr c mt trong hai hot ng ng ten TX 2.2.3.5 Receiver Multicoupler Receiver Multicoupler (RMC) l mt lp rp multicoupler hot ng cung cp nhiu cng tn hiu nhn c.Mi ng ten a dng chi nhnh c kt ni vi mt m-un trong Multicoupler .Mi m-un RMC sau tng ng kt ni n mt ngi nhn trong mi ca PN. Multicouplers c gn kt di y b kt hp, nh th hin trong Hnh 1-3.Ty thuc vo cu hnh h thng, mt khay b lc chn trc c th c bao gm vi RMC. 2.2.3.6 Environmental Alarm System (EAS) EAS cung cp mt v tr trung tm cho cc tn hiu bo ng vo cc v tr EBTS.EAS cung cp mt giao din in theo di iu kin mi trng nh nng lng , pht hin khi, v xm nhp (tn trm) pht hin. Ch c mt EAS c s dng cho mi v tr. EAS cng nhn c bo ng t cc bng ngt v RFDS. i pht thanh c s bo ng c gi trc tip iu khin v tr trn mng LAN Ethernet. Cc m-un EAS c gn bn di khu vc multicoupler , nh th hin trong Hnh 1-3. Dy bo ng c kt ni vi EAS thng qua bng iu khin ng giao nhau trn cng ca EBTS.Mt s cc kt ni c dnh ring cho thit b c th.EAS giao din vi cc iu khin thng qua mt giao din IEEE 1284.

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Khay lc cha cc b lc RF th ng nh b song cng v cc b lc chn di.Mc ch ca n l ngn chn cc my pht lm phin ngi nhn. Song cng v cc b lc chn di c mt bng thng 5 MHz. Khay lc tn ti trong cc phin bn khc nhau cho cc cu hnh ng-ten khc nhau (hai / ba s a dng v song cng/ khng song cng). 2.2.3.8 Analog Power Monitor Cc mn hnh in tng t gim st v pha trc v phn nh sc mnh v nm gia ATCC v song cng.Mn hnh in u ra 0-5V cp in p tng ng t 0 - 320W. APM c kt ni vi BR1, x l cc bo ng VSWR. 2.2.3.9 Site Controller TSC c sn v khe cm cho in thoi di ng.N cng giao tip vi mng thng qua mt lin kt E1 cho Dimetra-S hoc lin kt X.21 cho Dimetra-P. TSC l mt trong nhng yu cu mi EBTS cu hnh, mt s trang web c th c cu hnh vi hai b iu khin TSC nhn h thng nh v ton cu (GPS) tn hiu thng qua giao din GPS, m n s dng pht trin h thng tn hiu thi gian chnh xc cao. EAS giao din vi TSC qua giao din IEEE 1284 giao tip tn hiu bo ng t EBTS trung tm qun l mng. Radios c s giao tip vi TSC qua giao din c bn 10 Ethernet 2.

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Hnh 2.3: Equipment Cabinet T ng thit b BTS 2.3 Thc tin 2.3.1 M hnh h thng cho mt trm BTS 2.3.1.1 H thng an ton trong BTS Chng st trc tip Chng st nh thng bng cng ngh kim c in. Cu hnh ca loi ny gm c 3 phn: - Cc u kim thu st: Thng lm bng thp m ng , ng thau c hoc bng inox. La chn chiu di ca kim cn ph thuc vo cu trc ca cng trnh cn c bo v . - Dy dn st: Dng dn dng st t cc u kim thu n h thng tip t. Thng lm bng ng l hoc cp ng trn, tit din ca dy dn c quy nh theo tiu chn quc t t 50mm2 n 75mm 2. - H thng tip t: Dng tn dng in st trong t. Cu hnh ca h thng tip t ny gm :

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Cc cc tip t : thng di t 2,4 mt n 3 mt . ng knh ngoi thng l 14 16mm . c chn thng ng & cch mt t t 0,5 n 1 mt . Khong cch cc vi cc t 3 n 15 mt . Dy tip t : thng l cp ng trn c tit din t 50 n 75mm2 dng lin kt cc cc tip t ny li vi nhau . Cp ny nm m di mt t t 0,5 n 1 mt . c sit cp hoc mi hn ho nhit CADWELD : dng lin kt dy tip t & cc cc tip t vi nhau.

Chng st gin tip (lan truyn) Dng chng st Van La (Lightning Arrester) lp ti u ng dy vo trm ct xung in st xung t. - Dng chng st van s cp ( gi l thit b ct st ngun 3 pha hoc 1 pha ), lp song song vi ngun in ct gim xung in st ln xung t. Cu hnh ca loi ny gm c 3 phn : a) Van ct st : Dng ct x xung in st lan truyn trn li h th xung t , trc khi n c th theo ngun in i vo ph ti . b) Dy dn st : Dng dn dng st t im nt mng n van ct st & t van ct st n h thng tip t . c) H thng tip t : Dng tn dng in st trong t . Cu hnh ca h thng tip t ny gm : - Cc cc tip t : thng di t 2,4 mt n 3 mt . ng knh ngoi thng l 14 16mm . c chn thng ng & cch mt t t 0,5 n 1 mt . Khong cch cc vi cc t 3 n 15 mt . - Dy tip t : thng l cp ng trn c tit din t 50 n 75mm2 dng lin kt cc cc tip t ny li vi nhau . Cp ny nm m di mt t t 0,5 n 1 mt . - c sit cp hoc mi hn ho nhit CADWELD : dng lin kt dy tip t & cc cc tip t vi nhau. d) Cu to ca van ct st : Van ct st c ch to t xt kim loi (metal oxide varristor mov) thng l xt km . c im ca loi vt liu ny l ch c th dn in in p cao & s tr thnh vt cch in in p thp , in p cng cao th dng in thng mch cng ln v in p cng gim th dng thng mch cng gim v 0 ( cn gi l khi in tr phi tuyn) e) Nguyn l lm vic ca van ct st : Khi st nh trc tip vo anten , hoc st nh vo cc vng ln cn ri cm ng vo ng dy h th ri lan truyn vo van ct st trc khi n n ph ti ( cc thit b dng in ) . Xung in st ny c bin in p ln lm cho in tr phi tuyn ca van ct st ngng dn , lc ny n s m mch cho dng in st i qua n xung t . Khi xung in st gim thp n di gi tr in p ngng ca van ct st th in tr phi tuyn ca van ct st s tng nhanh ngt dng ct xung st . Ni dt cho feeder v v my 2.3.1.2 Tram BTS
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2.3.1.2.1 Ct Anten Mng : B tng ly tm ct thp Bo v: S dng 3 kim thu st lp t trn ct nh v c ni vi dy dn st xung h thng tip t. 3 anten tr GSM bng tn 380-420MHz 1 trng Viba Cp feeder v ng dn sng

Hnh: Anten thu pht sng tm thi ca trm BTS

2.3.1.2.2 T thit b - Equipment Cabinet

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Hnh : T ng thit b a) Cavity Combiner Nhiu my pht ch c mt anten nhng tn s khc nhau. Trm BTS ny c s dng cho GSM900(GSM900 th cc sng mang ct nhau 1 khong 25K) Cc my pht phi c ni ti combiner ny trc khi pht i trnh c vic chp mch v lm gim tr khng u ra khi cc my pht vi cc tn s khc nhau c pht trc tip ra anten Chc nng : kt hp nhiu my pht pht ra 1anten vi nhiu tn s khc nhau

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Hnh : Modul Cavity Combiner b) Analog Power Montor y l ng h o cng sut c chc nng gim st v iu khin cng sut. Nu xy ra hin tng sng dng th b ny s gim cng sut xung bo v cho my

c) RX MuliCoupler H thng EBTS gm 4 my pht s c 16 khe thi gian trong 1 khe dng cho knh iu khin .Nu knh iu khin m mt th tn hiu s b mt hon ton. Tn hiu thu v nhng tn s khc nhau , n s tch ra nhng tn s a vo my thu/pht d) Filter Tray y l b lc cho tram BTS n c chc nng lc bt nhiu khi vn hnh.

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Hnh : Filter Tray v RX LNA Multicoupler e) TSC Dng iu khin cc trm v thng tin cu hnh f) Exciter L mt b iu ch tn hiu g) Enviromental Alarm Symstem L h thng cnh bo ngun khi gp s c mt in, thit b s gi thng bo mt in ln h thng tng i trung tm h) Ngun cho BTS Ngun chung s dng cho h thng l -48v Bao gm b ngun con dng phn phi ngun cho my pht

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Hinh : Khi bnh acquy cung cp ngun 48V cho BTS khi c s c mt in

2.3.2 Cu hnh trm BTS

1. Thit lp cu hnh Port kt ni vi BTS:

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2. Vo Connect Direct thit lp cu hnh cho BTS

3.

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4.

5.

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PHN 3: TNG QUAN V TRM BTS

3.1 S khi trm BTS

Dy thot st

Dy nhy 2m
Kp tip t (1) trn ct (cch im ni dy nhy, phi t 3060cm) Bng ng tip t phi Si phi (i trn thang cp) Kp tip t (2) v tr cch ch un 30cm Kp tip t (3) v tr cch ng vo 30cm

Ni t cho thang cp

Thang cp

Bng ng tip t nh trm

Tip t thang cp Lin kt tip ti mc sn nh

Bng ng tip t trong phng

BTS

Viba

Hnh 3.1 S tng th trm BTS

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BTS vit tt ca t Base Transceiver Station gi l trm thu pht gc. BTS bao gm cc thnh phn c bn sau: - H thng ngun bao gm h thng ngun AC v h thng ngun DC. - H thng RBS v BBS gm Outdoor v Indoor. - H thng truyn dn gm truyn dn quang v truyn dn viba. 3.3 Chc nng cc thnh phn ca trm BTS 3.3.1 H thng ngun AC

Hnh 3.2 S h thng in AC Chc nng chnh ca h thng ngun AC l cung cp ton b h thng mng li in cho nh trm, cung cp in AC cho t BTS, iu ha, bng sng

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Hnh 3.3 H thng ngun DC Nguyn l hot ng: - in t cu dao tng ca in lc a vo trm qua Atomat tng 100A. - Tip n in t Atomat tng 100 c a qua b ct lc st. - in t ct lc st c a n b n p 1 pha ( Cu dao). - Tip theo in c a qua n p LIOA, t LIOA in c a dn Atomat 63A. - in t Atomat 63A c a n AC Distribution Box. - in t 1 Atomat 20A c a n bng iu khin ng h. - in t Atomat 20A cng c a n bng in chiu sng. Chc nng chnh ca h thng ngun DC l cung cp cho t BTS, truyn dn 3.3.3 H thng RBS v BBS 3.3.3.1 Phn Outdoor Gm c: - Anten. - Feeder. - Jumper.
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Hnh 3.4 H thng RBS v BBS - ddTMA vit tt ca t dual duplex Tower Mounted Amplifier gi l khuch i nh thp song cng thp. - ddTMA c gn vo ct v gn anten. N ci thin nhy thu cho anten ddTMA gip tit kim feeder bng cch kt hp c tn hiu TX v RX trn mt feeder. S lng: 0 6. - DXX vit tt ca t Digital Cross Connector l b ni cho. - Mt khi gm mt hoc hai card DXX gn trong to nn b ni cho. Card 1 c 4 cng G.704/G.704. Card 2 c 4 cng G.703/G.704 v c 1 khe cho 4 giao in G.703/G.704 dng HDSL, LTE hay cp quang. Card ny c lp sn bn trong OXU. S lng: 0 1. - Mini - DXC. Khi ni cho mini ny cung cp 5 cng G.703/G.704. N c lp bn trong OXU. - S lng: 0 - 1.
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- TMA - CM vit tt ca t Tower Mounted Ampifier - Control Module gi l khi iu khin khuch i nh thp. Khi iu khin c dng cung cp ti 6 ddTMAThe vi ngun cung cp 115 Vdc qua bias injector. N cng c dng ch ra TMA li v chuyn thng tin ny v khi cnh bo RBS. TMA CM c gn trong mt card v tr ca OXU. S lng 1 t: 0 2. 3.3.3.2Phn Indoor
Grounding Surg Arestor

Bng tip t
PDB

UMTS BTS Ext.

MW

T ct lc st

T in AC

DDF

Battery rack

n p

Hnh 3.5 S b tr cc thit b trong phng my mu 3.3.4 H thng truyn dn 3.3.4.1 Truyn dn vi ba MINI-LINK E bao gm mt moun truy nhp t trong nh, mt v tuyn ngoi nh, anten v gi . Khi v tuyn ni vi khi trong nh bng mt cp ng trc . - khi cung cp ngun.

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Acqui ca RBS

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Khi DDU

Khi MMU

Khi RAU

- Khi v tuyn ngoi tri (Radio Unit- RAU).

Hnh 3.6 Khi v tuyn ngoi tri Khi v tuyn bao gm cc b i tng ln xung ,b khuch i cng sut cao HPA cho ng ln, b khuch i tp m thp LNA cho ng xung. - khi truy nhp trong nh. Khi truy nhp trong nh bao gm cc thit b sau: + AMM Access Module Magazine: Khung cha cc khi khc, ng thi n cng c 1 backplane lin lc gia cc khi.

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Hnh 3.7 Khi AMM + MMU Modem Unit: Khi modem, khi ny c chc nng iu ch v gii iu ch cc tn hiu bng gc t cc lung truyn dn n, u vo l cc lung truyn dn, u ra l tn hiu c iu ch v c truyn ln RAU thng qua cp RF.

Hnh 3.8 Khi MMU + SMU Switch Multiplexer Unit: khi ny ch dng vi cu hnh d phng 1+1 ( khi c 2 khi MMU).

Hnh 3.9 Khi SMU

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+ DDU DC Distribution Unit: Khi phn phi ngun DC cho cc khi t trong AMM.

Hnh 3.10 Khi DDU MiniLink E ca Ericsson s dng ngun 24V. Ngun ny c cung cp t t accu d phng BBS 2000. Hin ti, viettel ang s dng MiniLink 15E c tn s hot ng 1x15 GHz, c dung lng 14 lung E1. 3.3.4.2 Truyn dn quang - S Logic cp ngun cho h thng. + Ngun cung cp: * in p u vo: - 40V n -75V. * Ngun in p bnh thng: - 48V n 60V. - Cu trc h thng truyn dn quang. + Cu trc phn cng. Thit b SDM-1.

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L thit b SDH lp truy nhp vi kh nng ly ra 21 lung E1 (ti a l 63 lung E1). N c nhiu u im thun li nh c mng qun l tp trung, cht lng cao cho nhiu dch v v c linh hot cao v c kh nng nng cp khi c yu cu. - Cu trc phn mm. Phn mn eEM 1 phn mm s dng cho mc ch qun l tng phn t ca mng SDH. Trc khi thit b c a vo s dng u ni vi ng trc chng ta s dng eEM khai bo trc trc mt s cc thng s cn thit. eEM c s dng nh mt phng tin nhanh gn v hiu qu kt hp vi h iu hnh mng. eEM chy trn nn Windows 98, windows XP. Kt lun phn 3 Trong phn ny chng ta tng quan v trm BTS v cc thnh phn bn trong trm BTS. S nh trm BTS gm c Ct Anten cao 45m, dy co D12, dy tip a, bng ng tip t, v rt nhiu thit b trong nh trm v.v...

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KT LUN V LI CM N
Sau thi gian hc tp trng, khong thi gian 1 thng thc tp gip cho sinh vin c iu kin va chm vi thc t c th vn dng kin thc c hc trong nh trng vo thc t. Ngoi ra cn c c hi tip thu hc hi thm nhiu kin thc mi cha c hc m rng vn kin thc ca mnh, nng cao trnh hiu bit. p ng nhu cu ngy cng cao ca sn xut trong thi i ngy nay. Trn y l ton b bo co thc tp ca em trong thi gian t thng 06/2012 n 07/2012. Trong thi gian thc tp em nhn c s gip tn tnh ca ban gim c cng nh cc anh ch trong cng ty. t c kt qu nh ngy hm nay em cng khng qun cm n s gip ca cc thy c trong khoa in t vin thng. c bit em gi li cm n su sc n thy Trn Vn Cng hng dn em trong sut qu trnh thc tp. Em xin chn thnh cm n.

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TI LIU THAM KHO

[1] [2] [3] Tng quan v trm BTS H thng Dimetra Cty CPTMDV Cng Ngh Si Gn

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