(Full version, update on 10/12/2009) Ngun: Internet Bin son li: Chip Ci ^^! (thanhduy81988@yahoo.

com)

CCH GII RUBIKS CUBE

I. Gii thiu:
Kh i l p ph ng Rubik (Kh i Rubik hay n gin l Rubik ) l mt tr chi gii c hc c pht minh vo nm 1974 bi gio s kin trc, iu khc gia ngi Hungary Ern Rubik. Cc tn gi sai thng gp ca tr chi ny l Rubix, Rubic v Rubick. Mi mt ca phin bn chun c 9 vung v c sn ph mt trong su mu khc nhau, thng thng l trng, , vng, cam, xanh l cy v xanh dng. Bi ton bt u bng vic xo trn tt c v tr cc vung mi mt, tc l cc mu sc xen k nhau. Bi ton ch c gii quyt khi m mi mt ca khi l mt mu u n. C th ni khi Rubik l mt trong nhng loi chi bn chy nht th gii. Ring trong nm 2005, c khong 300.000.000 khi Rubik c bn ra. Phn loi: Rubik hin i thng lm bng cht do, c bn phin bn chnh l: 222 ("Khi b ti"), 333 (Khi tiu chun), 444 ("Rubik bo th") v 555 ("Khi dnh cho gio s"). Gn y cc khi ln hn xut hin trn th trng nh khi 666 v 777 (V-Cube 6 v V-Cube 7)... Cc bn th

c c th mua ti nh sch Hng Phc trn ng V Vn Ngn, c bn Rubik 4x4x4 (65k) v 5x5x5 (75k) ..

Cc phin bn Rubik: T tri qua: Rubik bo th, Rubik tiu chun, Khi dnh cho gio s v Khi b ti T khi Rubik tiu chun, ngi ta to ra cc khi c dng hnh hc khc nh t din (Pyraminx), bt din (Skewb Diamond), khi 12 mt (Megaminx) v khi 20 mt (Dogic); hoc cc khi khng lp phng nh 234, 335, 123. Thm ch hin nay vi my tnh, ngi ta c th m phng cc khi Rubik trong khng gian n chiu m bnh thng khng th to ra ngoi thc t. C ch: Khi Rubik tiu chun c chiu di mi cnh 5,7 cm, c to thnh t 26 khi nh hn. Phn gia ca mi mt trong 6 mt ch l mt hnh vung gn vi cc c ch khung lm li, ng vai tr khung sn cho cch mnh khc da vo v xoay quanh. Khi Rubik c th c tho ra d dng, thng bng cch xoay mt mt 45 v lc mt khi cnh cho ti khi n ri ra. Tnh cht ny thng c dng "gii" khi Rubik.

II. Hng dn chi rubik:

Qui c: _ Rubik c 6 mt: Trn (U), Di (D), Trc (F), Sau (B), Tri (L), Phi (R) (mt U quay ln trn v trong sut qu trnh xoay n lun trn khng thay i). Ngoi ra, nhn xt rng, cc cp mu i nhau nh sau: white yellow, green blue, red - orange.

_ Gc l hnh lp phng nh c 3 mu c th hin. _ Cnh l hnh lp phng nh c 2 mu c th hin. _ Tm l hnh lp phng nh c 1 mu c th hin ( gia mi mt).

_ U,D,F,B,R,L l xoay mt tng ng 900 theo chiu kim ng h; U,D,F,B,R,L l xoay mt tng ng 900 theo chiu ngc kim ng h; U2,D2,F2,B2,R2,L2 l xoay mt tng ng 1800 (Lu : khi gp cng thc B tc l xoay mt B 90 theo chiu kim ng h th ta phi mt B hng v pha mnh ri mi xoay 90 theo chiu kim ng h. Cc mt khc cng tng t) GC NG V TR l hnh lp phng nh 1 gc no c 3 mu ging vi 3 mu trung tm. C th ng th t mu hay khng cng c, khng quan trng.

Cch gii rubik chun 3x3x3

Bc 1: Lm ng mu tng 1.

Bc 2: Lm ng mu 4 khi cnh tng gia. _ Tm 1 "cnh" tng 3 tho iu kin nh hnh v ngha l mt tng 3 trng mu vi tm, mt di trng mu vi tm k bn a n vo ng v tr.

rubik nh hnh, xoay: D R D R D F D F (Lm ngc li nu mu di y bn tri) _ Gp trng hp c bit sau th lm cng thc 1 ln vin cnh redblue xung di ri la chn v lm cng thc 1 ln na.

Hon thnh tng 2:

Bc 3: Lm ch thp mt D. C 3 trng hp: TH1:

xoay TH2:

R D B D B R

xoay

R B D B D R

TH3:

xoay theo cng thc TH1 s ra TH2 ri lm tip Hon thnh ch thp mt D

Bc 4: Lm ng v tr ri ng mu 4 cnh tng di. _ Xoay ti xoay lui s c 2 cnh ng lin tc nhau hoc i din nhau. TH1: Lin tc

cng thc: R D D R D R D R D Lt mt sau thnh mt trc (t mt F l mu xanh l cy) xoay theo cng thc bn cnh TH2: i din

cng thc: R D D R D R D R D a mt (mt R) ra lm mt F, xoay theo cng thc bn cnh s ra TH1 Bc 5: a 4 gc v ng v tr v ng mu. Nh 2 cng thc: Cng thc ch U: R D R D L D R D R L Cng thc 6 mt: (R D D R D R D R) (L D D Thc hin: _ Tm t nht 1 gc ng v tr

L D L D L)

(Lu : Lc ny do cc cnh ng mu nn khng c xoay mt D tm gc ng v tr m ch cm c cc rubic m tm, khng xoay g ht) Nu khng c gc no ng v tr, lm cng thc ch U t 1 -> 2 ln s c 1 gc ng v tr. _ "gc ng v tr" bn di tay phi (nh hnh v) lm cng thc ch U t 1 -> 3 ln s c c 4 gc ng v tr. Hy nguyn tc di chuyn ca cc khi gc

cng thc: CH U _ Gi ch cn lm ng cc mu cc gc l xong, cm rubik nh hnh v:

cng thc: 6 MT Xoay theo cng thc 6 mt, khi lm xong hai mu vng s nhy xung di, lm tng t vi cc mt khc s hon thnh. Lu nguyn tc hon i ca cc mu trong 1 gc

*B sung: i khi chng ta cn cng thc hon v gc, nh hnh, ta lm nh sau:

(t nhn mt ny l U) Cng thc:

(R U R' F') (R U R' U') (R' F) (R2 U') (R' U')

Cch gii rubik b ti 2x2x2

Rubik 2x2x2 ko c tm, c 2 tng, cch gii da trn cch gii rubik 3x3x3

Cch gii rubik bo th 4x4x4

iu trc tin bn cn t c trc khi gii rubik 4x4x4 l: 1/ Bn phi gii rubik 3x3x3 ri. Theo bt k cch no cng c. 2/ Bn phi c rubik 4x4x4. Rubik 4x4x4 c 2 im khc bit c bn sau so vi loi 3x3x3 i/ N khng c khi tm c nh ii/ N c 2 khi cnh trn 1 cnh Ta s gii quyt 2 khc bit ny, sau , nhng vn cn li ging ht 3x3x3 Bt u no!!! Cc bc chnh gii rubik 4x4x4 1. Xp cc khi tm ng v tr 2. Ghp cc cp khi cnh (c 12 cp nh th) 3. Xp nh Rubik 3x3x3 4. Xp thm 1 cht (do s khc bit ca 2 loi). Phn ny ti a bn ch xoay thm 2 chui cng thc l xong. Qui c thm:

Bc 1: Xp cc khi tm ng v tr Bc ny khng c cng thc c th. Cn ch 2 im sau: 1/ Cc mu tm phi i xng nhau theo cp: white yellow, green blue, red - orange. 2/ Khi bn khi trng ln mt U, khi mt F th xanh dng phi bn mt R. Nu xanh dng nm bn L l sai. Nu sai nh vy, cm rubik nh trn v xoay: (Dd)2 R2 L2 (Dd)2. (Dd) tc l xoay na di khi mt D, (Dd)2 l xoay khi 1800 Bc 2: Ghp cc cp khi cnh (c 12 cp nh th) Bn hy tm 1 cp cnh bt k, v d chn l vng - v a n v 1 mt no v t kiu nhn ca bn nh hnh v di

t rubik nh hnh, xoay: (Dd) R F U R F (Dd) Tng t, cc bn c lm cng thc ny khong 12 ln (ti a) l xp cc cnh. Bc 3: Xp rubik theo cch nh rubik 3x3x3. Bc 4: Sau khi lm xong tng 1,2,3 hy dng li 1 cht v ngm xem cc rubik ca mnh c ri vo tnh trng mu vng khi cnh (mt y) l s l hay khng. rubik 3x3x3, s mu vng khi cnh lun l 0, 2, 4 tc l

ton s chn. Nu rubik 3x3x3 m c s mu vng khi cnh xut hin l l, chng t rubik ca bn mi pop-up v bn lp sai khi . Khi mu vng khi cnh ca rubik 4x4x4 l s l:

t rubik sao cho hnh v trn l mt U, xoay: Khi , phn vic cn li y nh cc rubik 3x3x3.

(Rr)2 B2 U2 (Ll) U2 (Rr) U2 (Rr) U2 F2 (Rr) F2 (Ll) B2 (Rr)2

Trng hp c bit: Cng thc i gc: r2 U2 r2 (Uu)2 r2 u2 _ Khi tt c u ng v tr v ng mu duy ch c 2 gc ko ng v tr Nu l nh th ny

Ta i gc ging nh 3x3x3 thnh

t mt c 2 gc sai l U ri p dng cng thc i gc. (Thc cht, trong hnh, l hon v 2 cnh yellow-blue v white-blue) Sau lm nh rubik 3x3x3 bnh thng.

Cch gii rubik gio s 5x5x5

Qui c thm:

Bc 1: Gii quyt cc khi tm 3x3 ca tt c cc mt da trn cch gii rubik 4x4x4.

Bc 2: Gii quyt cc cnh Giai on 1: Lm 2 cnh (two wings)

t rubik nh hnh, xoay: (Dd) R F U R F (Dd) (tng t nh rubik 4) Giai on 2: Lm ng cnh trung tm (edge)

t rubik nh hnh, xoay: (u R F U R F u)(d (thay u = (Uu) , d = (Dd) cng chng sao) Lu :

R F U R F d)

t rubik nh hnh, xoay:

(Rr)2 B2 U2 (Ll) U2 (Rr) U2 (Rr) U2 F2 (Rr) F2 (Ll) B2 (Rr)2

Bc 3: Gii quyt phn cn li nh gii rubik 3x3x3

CHC THNH CNG (Mi thc mc chi tit xin lien Y!M
thanhduy81988@yahoo.com)

Cc loi rubik khc: