Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Cch tnh doanh thu chi ph cn i da trn 1.000 kg nguyn liu kh.
TT
NH LOI NM
DOANH
THU
LOI NM TRNG
Trng nm rm,
Nm mui
Nm ti
80kg x 14.000/kg =
120kg x 12.000/kg =
Nm ti
500kg x 5.000/kg =
Trng nm mo, mc nh
70kg x 30.000/kg =
Nm kh
Nm ti
1.120.000
1.440.000
2.500.000
2.500.000
2.100.000
CHI PH
LI NHUN
1.000.000
1.000.000
2.160.000
2.160.000
1.750.000
Nm rm thu
120.000 hoch sau 15
ngy nui trng
440.000
Nm mo v
bo ng sau 2
340.000 thng c sn
340.000 phm bn ra th
trng
350.000
Nm sy kh
Nm ti
30kg x 120.000/kg =
3.600.000
3.040.000
560.000
2.800.000
2.120.000
680.000
THI GIAN
THU HOCH
Nm mo v bo
ng sau 2 thng
c sn phm bn ra
th trng
Thu hoch sau 5 thng.
Nng sut thu hoch t
6-9% ti, tng ng
1,8-3% kh (1 tn
nguyn liu thu c t
18 n 30kg nm Linh
Chi kh)
T l thu hi
sn phm so
vi nguyn liu
12%
50%
70%
12%, t l
khong 3kg
ti c 1
kg kh.
30%
Nm ti
nm m mt
v ko di 2,5
thng.
Trng nm m cn c tn gi khc l
nm trng. M nm hnh cu khi non,
v sau dng nn, chung, ri dng
bn cu, n phng hay lm xung,
mp cun vo trong. Ty thuc vo
loi m nm c ng knh thay i
trong khong 5 - 12 cm, c mu trng,
trng sa, hng nht hay nu nu nht
vi mp sng mu hn
Nm sy kh
Nm ti
30%
30 kg
250kg x 6.500/kg
1.625.000
1.490.000
135.000
TT
NH LOI NM
DOANH
THU
LOI NM TRNG
Trng nm rm,
Nm mui
Nm ti
80kg x 14.000/kg =
120kg x 12.000/kg =
Nm ti
500kg x 5.000/kg =
Trng nm mo, mc nh
70kg x 30.000/kg =
Nm kh
Nm ti
1.120.000
1.440.000
2.500.000
2.500.000
2.100.000
CHI PH
1.000.000
1.000.000
2.160.000
2.160.000
1.750.000
LI NHUN
Nm rm thu
120.000 hoch sau 15
ngy nui trng
440.000
Nm mo v
bo ng sau 2
340.000 thng c sn
340.000 phm bn ra th
trng
350.000
Nm sy kh
Nm ti
30kg x 120.000/kg =
3.600.000
3.040.000
560.000
2.800.000
2.120.000
680.000
THI GIAN
THU HOCH
Nm mo v bo
ng sau 2 thng
c sn phm bn ra
th trng
Thu hoch sau 5 thng.
Nng sut thu hoch t
6-9% ti, tng ng
1,8-3% kh (1 tn
nguyn liu thu c t
18 n 30kg nm Linh
Chi kh)
T l thu hi
sn phm so
vi nguyn liu
12%
50%
70%
12%, t l
khong 3kg
ti c 1
kg kh.
30%
Nm ti
nm m mt
v ko di 2,5
thng.
Trng nm m cn c tn gi khc l
nm trng. M nm hnh cu khi non,
v sau dng nn, chung, ri dng
bn cu, n phng hay lm xung,
mp cun vo trong. Ty thuc vo
loi m nm c ng knh thay i
trong khong 5 - 12 cm, c mu trng,
trng sa, hng nht hay nu nu nht
vi mp sng mu hn
Nm sy kh
Nm ti
30%
30 kg
250kg x 6.500/kg
1.625.000
1.490.000
135.000
Trung tm ng dng chuyn giao tin b khoa hc v cng ngh tnh Vnh Phc va ng dng thnh cng bin
php sn xut nm theo cng ngh mi a nng sut nm tng t 30-40%, gim 60% chi ph lao ng, m bo
cht lng nm sch.
M hnh c ng dng thnh cng trn 3 loi nm rm, nm s, nm m vi din tch 120 m2.
i vi nm rm duy tr nhit nguyn liu trng nm t 30-42oC, m nguyn liu nui trng t 60-70%, nh sng t mc 80lux cho,
s dng dung dch Anolyte trong v sinh mi trng thng xuyn nng sut t 264kg nm ti/ 1 tn nguyn liu, tng 100-120kg so vi
cch trng thng thng. ng thi s dng cng ngh ti phun bn t ng tit kim c 7 cng lao ng so vi phng php ti th
cng.
i vi nm s duy nhit thp hn t 20-28oC, gi nguyn m nguyn liu nui trng t 63-65% v nh sng gi mc 80lux, kt
hp s dng dung dch Anolyte trong v sinh mi trng trng nng sut t ti 621,4kg nm ti/ 1 tn nguyn liu, cao hn trn 200kg so
vi cch trng thng thng. S dng cng ngh ti phun bn t ng tit kim c 11 cng lao ng so vi phng php ti th cng.
Ring i vi phng php trng nm m gim nhit xung t 12-18oC, m duy tr mc t 60-75%, nh sng ch t mc 3-8lux,
kt hp s dng dung dch Anolyte trong v sinh mi trng trng nm, cho nng sut nng sut nng sut t 310kg nm ti/ 1 tn
nguyn liu cao hn so vi khi cha iu chnh t 70-100kg. S dng cng ngh ti phun bn t ng tit kim 4 cng lao ng so vi
phng php ti th cng.
Theo tnh ton sn xut lin tc trong 1 nm vi 3 loi nm trn din tch nh xng 120m2 cho hiu qu: nm rm 1 v vi 6 chu k (2,5
thng) li 1.190.783 , tng trong 6 thng sn xut lin tc li 7.144.698; nm s 1 v ko di 2,5 thng, li thu c 1.176.858 . i vi
nm m mt v ko di 2,5 thng, li thu c 2.186.476 . Tng thu trong nm i vi sn xut 3 loi nm t m hnh l 10.508.032, li
gp hai ln so vi cch trng nm thng thng.
Xy dng m hnh trng nm theo cng ngh mi ny chi ph rt thp. Nh xng ch cn dng l c lp mi, lp t h thng nh sng
nhn to bng bng n tit kim in compac, s dng h thng ti phun bn t ng thun tin cho vic iu chnh m. Trung tm
ang tp hun hng dn ngi dn k thut trng nm bng phng php mi nhm gim chi ph, nng sut, hiu qu kinh t cao.
====================================================================================================
Anh Nguyn Hng Nhn (Trung tm khuyn nng tnh Bn Tre) cng vi cc cng s nghin cu v xy dng qui trnh trng nm theo
phng php khoa hc bng cch ng dng nhng tin b k thut vo ngh trng nm rm nhm gip ngi sn xut hiu c ct li ca
qui trnh trng nm, nng dn: din tch-nng sut-thu nhp nm theo thi gian
Theo qui trnh k thut gip b con nng dn nng cao nng sut nm rm, trc ht trong khu lm ng phi: chn ngun rm
nguyn liu tt, xc nh r ngun rm tt phi dng giy th o pH ca rm (o chua ca rm, x l vi ng liu lng); bn
vi + DAP v x khun (nu c) ph hp vi mc ch lm gia tng cht dinh dung v gip rm phn hy nhanh. Khi chn ging nm phi
chn ni cung cp ging c uy tn chn loi meo nm t yu cu (pht trin nhanh, khng su bnh..). c bit trong qu trnh trng nm
nng dn nn trang b mt s trang thit b k thut h tr nh dng: knh lp quan st tng giai on pht trin ca t nm xem t
nm c b thiu phn, b nhim phn hay pht trin khng u chm sc v x l kp lc ng thi pht hin nm tp tiu dit; s dng
nhit k kim tra nhit mi trng. C th s dng mng ph nng nghip, mt mt y ng , n nh nhit iu ha m
to mi trng tt cho nm pht trin mt khc mng ph nng nghip c th che ma nng khi cn, lm o m, chng to nhit, chn gi
bn cnh cc thit b k thut ny b con nng dn c th s dng thm bnh phun : phun nc, ti phn, xt thuc, phng tr su bnh
Cc phng php k thut ny gip ngi trng nm hiu c ct li ca qui trnh trng nm rm, bit cch s dng mt s dng c
tin b r tin nh: knh lp, nhit k, giy o pH, mng ph nng nghip; cch chn rm, meo ging t yu cu; cch bn phn cho ng
. M hnh c b con nng dn tch cc hng ng bc u mang li hiu qu kinh t kh cao, theo tnh ton t m hnh th
nghim: nu chi ph u t vic trng nm trn 1000m 2 rm l 100.000 ng (cha tnh cc dng c k thut) c ng dng k thut s mang
li li nhun l 340.000 ng/ 1 v tng hn 100.000 ng so vi khng u t tin b k thut, ri ro trong trng nm t xy ra hn. Bn
cnh cc dng c k thut h tr cho vic trng Nm chi ph khng cao, ph hp ti tin nng dn li c th s dng cho nhiu v Nm,
c ng dng khng ch trn Nm rm m cn trn cc loi nm khc nh: bo ng
Gii php khuyn khch ngi trng nm trang b cc dng c r tin, d p dng vo thc t phc v cho ngh trng nm, ph bin cho
nng dn qui trnh trng nm chi tit mang li hiu qu kinh t- x hi cao hn so vi tp qun c m ra trin vng cho ngh trng nm tr
thnh mt ngnh cng nghip trng nm ng dng trn cc ph phm nng nghip ph khc nh: mn da, b maang tn ng ngy
cng nhiu Bn Tre.
===============================================================================================================
Thi sinh vin, Trnh tng p m c v mt m hnh trng nm. Hi , khi n mt s gia nh min ni pha Bc, thy b con trng
nm kh d, c vt ln lc ni gm ging x t m nm ln m m. Sau nhiu ngy trn tr v ln k hoch c th, nm 2006, Trnh lm
n thu 500m2 t ca HTX th trn Tru qu ri bt tay vo th nghim.
V u tin nm 2006, Trnh trng 2.000 bch nm s, thu v 15 triu ng. T nm 2007 2010, mi nm anh trng 3 v nm s, nm m
v nm rm, trung bnh mi v thu trn di 20 triu ng, tr chi ph, li 6 10 triu ng/thng.
Li nhun cha phi l ln nhng m hnh trng nm ca Trnh m ra hng lm n mi cho b con th trn Tru Qu. Trnh tm s:
Nhiu ngi bo, vi ngh trng nm, 2 tm bng ca ti v dng, nhng ti li ngh khc. Hc kinh t c t duy kinh doanh, hc trng
trt nm c k thut trng cy v lm cng tc on mi thy c cuc sng v nhng trn tr ca thanh nin, t tm ra hng
i mi hiu qu.
Hin, Trnh ch yu tiu th nm ti ch, nhng hu nh ln no thu hoch, nm ca anh cng khng bn. Trn th trng hin nay, gi
nm m khong 20.000 ng/kg, nm s 8.000 10.000 ng/kg, nm rm 70.000 80.000 ng/kg. Ring nhng loi nm qu nh Linh
Chi, gi bn ln n 500.000 600.000 ng/kg.
Theo Trnh, trng nm l m hnh rt ph hp vi iu kin vng nng thn bi nguyn liu trng nm d kim, ch yu l rm, mn
ca. Vn u t cng khng qu ln, quy trnh trng n gin, trong khi thi gian thu hoch nhanh (25 - 40 ngy). Ngoi ra, ph thi sau
trng nm c th tn dng lm phn bn rt tt cho cy trng. Chnh v th, ti ang d nh s nhn rng m hnh ti on vin thanh nin
trn a bn gip h tng thu nhp, Trnh cho bit.
===================================================================================================