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Chng I: Khi qut chung v bo him Cu 1. Cc bin php i ph vi ri ro m con ngi p dng: Cc bin php kim sot ri ro: nhm ngn chn v gim thiu kh nng xy ra ri ro hay lm gim mc tn tht thit hi do ri ro A, trnh n ri ro: khi gp trng hp bt kh khng, nguy him -> s mo him, ri ro VD: Thy bt n chnh tr thi lan, nhiu ng ko du lch sang thi lan na. tuy nhin, khng phi trng hp no cng c th n trnh c ri ro. B, Ngn nga hn ch ri ro VD: Tht dy an ton, i m bo him.. khng th lm bin mt ri ro, trit tiu tn tht Cc bin php ti tr ri ro: Khc phc hu qu tn tht do ri ro gy ra, s dng trc khi ri ro xy ra. A, Bin php chp nhn ri ro: - chp nhn rr th ng -> khng p l bin php i ph - chp nhn rr ch ng -> l bin php ti tr ri ro v trc khi xra tn tht, con ngi d tr mt khon tin khc phc tn tht. Tuy nhin s tin d tr ny tn ti 2 hn ch: + s tin dnh cho d tr khc phc tn tht l t + khon tin ny khng c s dng vo mc ch khc -> ng vn B, chuyn nhng ri ro: -Lp qu d tr chung trong mt cng ng. Bn cht: phn tn ri ro, chia nh tn tht ca c nhn trong tp th-> tun theo quy lut s ng: Ly s ng b li s bt hnh cho s t. - Bo him: + ko hn ch ri ro nhng c th trit tiu tn tht + dung qu bo him u t -> ko gy ng vn ->bin php hiu qu. Cu 5. Gi tr bo him v s tin bo him? Tr gi bo him v s tin bo him c quan h vi nhau nh th no trong bo him ti sn? 1. Gi tr bo him V: l gi tr tnh bng tin ca ti sn, c xc nh bng gi tr thc t ca ti sn ti thi im k kt HDBH, c th bao gm c ph BH Cn c x V: Nu ts cn mi: V= gi mua +chi ph lin quan Nu ts qua sd: V = gi tr cn li = nguyn gi Dp Vi nhng ts ko xc nh c gi th trng th V = gi tr nh gi do hi ng thm nh gi a ra. 2. S tin BH: A: L khon tin do ng c Bh yu cu v c ngi Bh chp nhn, c ghi trong HDBH nhm xc nh gii hn trch nhim ca ng BH trong bi thng hoc tr tin BH i vi BH con ng v TNDS th c gi l : tr tin BH, chi tr BH

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i vi ti sn: Bi thng Trong BH ti sn A V A l cn c xc nh STBT: STBT A Bo him ngang gi tr A=V -> STBT = gi tr tn tht Bo him di gi tr A<V -> STBT= . gi tr tn tht Bo him trn gi tr A>V -> cm. Cu 9. Ph bo him c xd ntn v ph thuc vo cc yu t no? Ph BH I l khon tin m ng tham gia BH phi tr nhn c s bo m trc cc ri ro c ng BH chp nhn. Cng thc I = A(V).R R: t l ph bo him: thng c xd l t l phn trm ca A(%) R c cng ty BH xc nh trn c s phn nghn, cn c vo cc yu t : xc sut xy ra ri ro v thng k tn tht. R phn nh mc ca ri ro, nguy him ca ri ro. Tin bi thng ly t qu BH Cu 14. Phn tch cc nguyn tc ca BH Nguyn tc 1: Bo him mt ri ro ch ko bo him mt s chc chn( fortuity not certainty) Ri ro l nhng mi nguy him m con ngi ko lng trc c v l nguyn nhn dn n tn tht thit hi. Ri ro c cc tnh cht: Ngu nhin, bt ng, tnh kh nng v tnh tng lai. Ni dung: Ngi BH ch nhn BH cho mt ri ro tc l bo him mt s c, mt tai nn, xy ra mt cch bt ng, ngu nhin, ngoi mun ca con ngi ch khng bo him mt ci chc chn xy ra, cng nh ch bi thng cho nhng thit hi mt mt do ri ro gy ra ch khng phi bi thng cho nhng thit hi chc chn xy ra, ng nhin xy ra -> Ri ro c BH nu c xs qu ln hoc gn bng 1 th kh chp nhn v Ri ro cha xy ra th mi c BH. iu kin ca ri ro c BH: - c xs 0 < XSRR < 1 - khng p l ri ro u c (Ri ro u c gn vi cc hot ng u t sinh li : c phiu, u t vo sxkd -> va dn ti tn tht va c kh nng kim li) - Phi c tnh quy m: c mt lng ng ln tham gia bo him. - Khng gy ra tn tht qu ln, mang tnh thm ha ( khi c ti bo him, tn tht qu ln vn c BH) - Khng tri vi cc chun mc o c v cc quy tc x hi.
A V

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RR c Bh l nguyn nhn trc tip dn n tn tht.VD: nh cng, hoa qu ko c d ra sau 2 tun th hng, tuy nhin, nh cng ko c coi l nguyn nhn trc tip.

Nguyn tc 2: Trung thc tuyt i (nguyn tc tn nhim) Ni dung: C ngi bo him ln ngi c bo him u phi tuyt i trung thc, chn thnh v tin tng ln nhau tin ti k kt HDBH. Nu mt trong 2 bn vi phm th HD k tr nn ko c hiu lc Theo ti thi im k kt hp ng khng iu tra thng tin. Yu cu i vi ngi c bo him: Theo lut u t, iu 17-> khai bo y , trung thc v i tng bo him iu 18-> thng bo b sung kp thi khi c s gia tng ri ro hay lm pht sinh thm trch nhim bo him. iu 22-> khng c mua bo him khi bit i tng bo him c tn tht. Yu cu i vi ngi bo him: iu 19-> cng khai gii thch cc iu kin, nguyn tc, th l, gi c bo him cho ngi tham gia bo him bit. iu 21-> chu trch nhim nu s dng t ng khng r rng Khng c bn bo him khi bit i tng bo him an ton-> nguyn tc vng ca bo him (VD: v BH ca PJICO tm s) Nguyn tc 3: Nguyn tc li ch bo him Ni Dung: Ch nhng ngi c li ch bo him th mi c k kt HDBH v HD mi c gi tr php l. Khi s kin BH xy ra, mun c bi thng, phi c li ch bo him vo thi im xy ra tn tht Li ch bo him l quyn li c lin quan n, gn lin vi hay ph thuc vo s an ton hay khng an ton ca i tng bo him. - Bo him ti sn, bi thng khi xy ra tn tht ti chnh. - Bo him trch nhim dn s, bi thng khi pht sinh trch nhim php l vi ngi th 3. - Bo him con ngi, bi thng khi mt i nhng quyn li c php lut cng nhn. Ti sn ngi c li ch bo him l ngi s hu, ngi c quyn s dng, ngi cm gi th chp hoc bt c ngi no c quyn ti sn hp php. TNDS ngi c li ch bo him l ngi b pht sinh TNDS Con ngi Ch c nhng ngi c mi quan h nht nh c PL cng nhn mi c quyn mua BH cho nhau.

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2 trng hp ngoi l: + bo him nhn th: li ch bo him bt buc phi c khi k HDBH nhng khng bt buc phi c khi xy ra tn tht. + bo him chuyn ch bng g bin: li ch bo him bt buc phi c khi xy ra tn tht nhng khng bt buc khi k HDBH. Nguyn tc 4: Nguyn tc bi thng + Bi thng kp thi: phi tr tin cho ngi c bo him trong thi hn bo him ( lut kinh doanh bo him l 15 ngy), nu c tha thun c th th tin hnh theo tha thun nhng vn m bo l trong vng 15 ngy. + Bi thng y : khi phc li cho ngi c bo him trng thi nh ngay trc khi ri ro xy ra, nhng m bo tun th cc iu khon ca HDBH Tuy nhin, HDBH ngn cn ngi BH thc hin bi thng y : + BH di gi tr: A<V -> tn tht l b phn hay ton b th gi tr bi thng vn nh hn gi tr tn tht + iu khon mc min thng: Mc min thng l mt s tin nht nh hay mt t l phn trm ca A hoc V c quy nh trong HDBH m nu tn tht xy ra di mc th ngi BH khng chu trch nhim ->Mc ch quy inh MMT : -trnh cho ngi BH phi bi thng nhng tn tht qu nh lm gim hiu qu ca BH - tng cng thc bo v DTBH ca ng c BH -> Phng php bi thng: - bi thng c khu tr = gi tr tn tht MMT - bi thng khng khu tr = gi tr tn tht Hnh thc bi thng: - TS: tin, hin vt, sa cha TS b thit hi -> - TNDS: tin Khng p dng nguyn tc bi thng cho bo him nhn th v bo him tai nn c nhn. p dng hnh thc bi thng no ty thuc tha thun, nu khng tha thun th tun theo lut iu chnh. Nguyn tc 5: Nguyn tc th quyn Ni Dung: Ngi BH sau khi bi thng, c php thay mt ng c BH i i ngi th ba bi thng phn tn tht thuc trch nhim ca ngi trong phm vi s tin tr cho ngi c BH Tc dng: - m bo nguyn tc bi thng c thc hin - chng li hnh vi r b trch nhim ca ng th 3 c li

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iu kin thc hin th quyn: - Ngi BH bi thng cho ngi c bo him th mi thay mt cho ngi c Bh i i ng th 3 - Ngi c BH phi bo lu quyn khiu ni ngi th 3 cho ng BH. VD: Mt ri ro thuc iu kin bi thng, do li ca ng chuyn ch. Ngi bo him bi thng cho ch hng, sau thay mt ch hng i ngi th 3 ( ngi chuyn ch) trong phm vi s tin BH. Nu ngi chuyn ch bi thng cho ch hng, ngi Bh c php khu tr phn ngi chuyn ch bi thng. Chng 2: Bo him hng hi Cu 1. Bo him hng hi v cc loi hnh bo him hng hi. Bo him hng hi l loi hnh bo him cho nhng ri ro trn bin v nhng ri ro trn b, trn sng lin quan n hnh trnh vn chuyn bng g bin gy ra tn tht cho DTBH chuyn ch trn bin. 3 loi hnh ch yu ca bo him hng hi: + BH hng ha (Cargo Insurance) + BH thn tu (Hull insurance) + BH TNDS ca ch tu (P&I insurance) Cu 2: Ri ro trong bo him hng hi? 2.1 Cn c vo nguyn nhn sinh ra ri ro: a, Thin tai (acts of God) b, Tai nn ca bin (Perils of the sea): Mc cn, chm m, chy n, m va, mt tch, vt khi tu. c, Ri ro do cc hin tng chnh tr x hi: Chin tranh, bo ng, khng b d, Ri ro do cc hnh ng ring l ca con ngi: Bn thn li ca ngi c BH, nu c s khng c BH, hnh vi phi php ca ngi th ba gy tn tht cho i tng bo him e, Ri ro do cc nguyn nhn khc: trong xp d, giao nhn: bp, cong, vnh, hng ha k nhau. 2.2 Cn c vo nghip v bo him: a, Nhm ri ro thng thng c BH: c bo him theo iu kin gc A, B, C gm 2 loi RR chnh, RR ph b, Nhm ri ro phi bo him ring c, Nhm ri ro loi tr Cu 3: Cc ri ro ph trong bo him hng ha vn chuyn bng ng bin l g, bao gm nhng ri ro nh th no? Cc ri ro ph c th c bo him theo nhng cch no?

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Ri ro ph l nhng ri ro t xy ra, ch yu pht sinh i vi hng ha .. Ri ro ph bao gm cc ri ro sau: 1, hp hi: hi nc ngng t 2, nng: nhit ca bn thn hng ha tng ln: xp gn my 3, ly hi: nhim k sinh trng t hng ha bhc sang, mi mt..Nu ly k sing trng t bao b ca bn thn hng ha th ko c bi thng, nu t bao b ca hng ha khc, container th vn c bi thng. 4, Ly bn: thm sn du t bao b, bao b ca hng ha vn bnh thng 5, han g: bn cht hng ha: st thp 6, mc cu: bao b rch, tht thot.. 7, rch: khi mua bh ri ro ph th s c bi thng tn tht hng ha tht thot v bi thng c chi phi ph thay th bao b rch. 8, v 9, bp cong vnh 10, va p 11, nc ma 12, trm cp 13, cp bin 14, hnh vi c , phi php 15, giao thiu hng hoc khng giao hng: khng tm c nguyn nhn dn ti giao thiu hng ..? ch hng phai chng minh c s hng ny c giao Cc ri ro ph c th c bo him theo cc cch sau: Mua bo him rng nht (A) hoc mua cc bo him hp hn v mua km vi mua bo him ri ro ph. Cu 4: Ri ro loi tr trong bo him hng ha vn chuyn bng g bin theo ICC 1982 Ri ro loi tr l ri ro khng c ngi bo him chp nhn bi thng trong mi trng hp 1, Li c ca ngi c bo him 2, Bun lu: tng quc gia quy nh v mt hng bun lu 3, Ni t: bn cht hng ha: hoa qu d ng thi 4, n t: khuyt tt ca i tng bo him, bng kh nng thng thng khng th pht hin 5, tu khng kh nng i bin 6, tu i chch hng khng c l do chnh ng 7, Tu mt kh nng t ch v ti chnh 8, cc thit hi v ti chnh do chm tr ngay c khi chm tr do ri ro c bo him gy ra 9, bao b khng y hoc khng ng gi thch hp 10, xp hng qu ti hoc sai quy cch 11, nhim phng x, phng x, phn ng ht nhn, nng lng nguyn t.

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Cu 5: Ri ro c bo him trong bo him hng ha chuyn ch bng g bin theo ICC 1982 Ri ro thng thng c bo him l cc ri ro c bo him mt cch bnh thng theo cc k gc Bao gm Ri ro chnh v Ri ro ph Ri ro chnh: l cc him ha ch yu ca bin, thng xuyn xy ra v gy tn tht ln; c bo him trong mi kbh Bao gm: Mc cn, chm m, chy n, m va, mt tch, vt khi tu 1, Mc cn (stranding): L hin tng y tu chm y bin hoc nm trn mt chng ngi vt lm cho tu khng chy c, hnh trnh b gin on v phi nh tc ng ca ngoi lc thot cn Ch bi thng mc cn trong 2 trng hp - xy ra do ngu nhin, bt thng. VD: thy triu hoc cc vng c mn nc thp bit trc -> khng c bi thng. - do hot ng ca con ngi c th l thuyn trng c tnh cho mc cn cu tu VD: trnh bo. Bi thng c quy l hp l m khng tnh n nguyn nhn trc tip v hnh trnh di ngy nn kh c th xc nh nguyn nhn trc tip. 2, Chm m (sinking): L hin tng ton b con tu b chm hn xung nc, y tu chm y bin, tu khng chy c, hnh trnh b xa b hon ton. - Nu do nguyn nhn thin tai, tai nn bt ng th c bo him trong mi kbh gc. - Do chin tranh hoc v kh chin tranh th ch c bi thng trong cc kbh c bit 3, Chy n (Fire): L hin tng oxy ha hng ha hay vt th khc trn tu c ta nhit lng cao. - Chy thng thng: chy do nguyn nhn t bn ngoi tc ng vo (chy do nguyn nhn khch quan) -> c bi thng - Chy ni t: TBH t ln men, ta nhit v bc chy-> chy do nguyn nhn t pht ca TBH (chy t pht) VD: xng du, than cm.. -> khng chp nhn bi thng. Tuy vy, khng loi tr hu qu ca chy ni t (hng ha bn cnh -> khch quan) 4, m va (Collision): l hin tng phng tin vn chuyn va chm vi bt k vt th c nh hay di ng bo trn bin ngoi tr nc. - nu m va vi tu khc -> BH TNDS - nu m va vo vt th no khc ngoi tu bin -> Khng c bo him TNDS tr khi tham gia P&I 5, Mt tch ( Missing): l hin tng tu vn chuyn khng ti cng ch quy nh sau 1 thi gian hp l k t ngy ch tu khng nhn c tin tc g v con tu . Thi gian hp l: ph thuc vo quy nh ca tng nc: - Php: i vi hnh trnh ngn l 6 thng, hnh trnh di l 12 thng Hn ch: khng xc nh r th no l hnh trnh ngn, di. Thi gian quy nh di-> ko di thi gian bi thng. - Anh: thi gian hp l xc nh trn cn c 3 ln hnh trnh, vi hnh trnh l thi gian tu i t cng i ti cng ch. Tuy nhin : 2 thng TGHL 6 thng

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Vit nam: TGHL cn c vo 3 ln hnh trnh, vi hnh trnh c tnh t thi im cui cng cn nhn c tin tc ca tu ti cng ch quy nh. Gii hn di ca tu l 3 thng, hoc 6 thng nu c chin tranh. 6, Vt khi tu (Jettison): L hnh ng vt ti sn khi tu vi mc ch lm nh tu, lm cn i cu tu, hng khi c him ha. Ti sn vt khi tu: - hng ha - mt b phn ca tu: vt phm, trang thit b d tho ri Khng chp nhn bi thng nu: - hng ha xp trn boong khng theo tp qun TMQT - hng ha b h hng do bn cht hoc khuyt tt vn c. Cu 20: Phm vi trch nhim bo him theo k B theo ICC 1982 A, v mt ri ro c BH: bao gm ton b ri ro c Bh trong k C v: 8, ng t, ni la phun, st nh 9, Nc cun khi tu 10, Nc bin, sng, h trn vo hm tu, khoang cha hng, x lan, container, phng tin vn ti. 11, Tn tht ton b hay bt k kin hng no ri khi tu hoc b ri trong qu trnh xp d xung tu hoc x lan. B, V mt khng gian, thi gian -> iu khon hnh trnh (transit clause): Ni dung: Trch nhim ca ngi bo him bt u tnh t khi hng ha ri kho hoc ni cha hng ti im ghi trn HDBH, c hiu lc trong sut qu trnh vn chuyn bnh thng v trch nhim kt thc khi hng ha giao vo kho n hoc ht 60 ngy k t khi hng ha c d ra khi tu ti cng n, ty trng hp no xy ra trc. ->iu khon kho n kho: Khng gian: + Kho i: l kho m ti hng ha c ng gi hon chnh v sn sang a ln phng tin vn ti-> c quy nh trn HDBH + Kho n: - Kho cui cng ca ngi nhn quy nh trn HDBH - Kho trc khi ti ni n hoc ni n m ngi c BH la chn lu kho ngoi hnh trnh vn chuyn bnh thng hoc phn phi hng ha. VD: Hng ha i c BH trn chng g t HN qua Sing n im cui cng l Tokyo. Trogn qt vn chuyn ch hng khng mun ti Tokyo na m qua Sing ri chuyn tip ti Nga. Nh vy khng gian bo him kt thc khi hng ha qua trm trung chuyn Sing, chng g t Sing ti Nga nu mun Bh th phi ng thm ph BH. Thi gian: + Bt u: k t khi hng ri kho i + Kt thc: vo mt trong hai trng hp sau ty trng hp no xy ra trc: - hng c a vo kho n - ht 60 ngy k t ngy hng c d ra khi tu ti cng n. Cu 21:Phm vi trch nhim bo him theo k C ICC 1982 -

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A, Ri ro c bo him: 1. Mc cn, chm m, chy n, m va, lt p (tai nn ca bin) 2. D hng ti cng lnh nn 3. Phng tin vn chuyn ng b b lt hoc trt bnh 4. Tu v hng mt tch 5. Vt hng xung bin 6. Hi sinh tn tht chung 7. Cc chi ph hp l c bi thng Trong , cc chi ph hp l c bi thng gm c: - Mc ng gp vo tn tht chung c phn b cho ch hng - Chi ph cu nn - Chi ph phng hn ch tn tht thuc trch nhim bo him - Chi ph t tng khiu ni ngi th 3 - Chi ph gim nh, xc nh tn tht thuc trch nhim ngi bo him - Chi ph d hng, lu kho v tip gi hng ha ti cng lnh nn - Phn trch nhim m ch hng phi chu theo iu khon 2 tu m va nhau cng c li -> k bnh vc ngi chuyn ch, in trn mt sau ca B/L Phn trch nhim m ch hng phi chu theo iu khon Both to blame collision. VD: Tu : 1/3 li Tu B: 2/3 li Hng tu A tr gi 3000$ ->Tu B tr cho ch hng A 3000$, Tu A tr cho tu B 1/3 x 3000$= 1000$. Ch hng A theo iu khon hai tu m va nhau cng c li, tr li cho tu A 1000$ v s tin ny ch hng A i i ngi bo him. Trong trng hp ch hng i i ngi bo him ton b s tin 3000$ th phi chuyn quyn i bi thng cho ngi bo him i i tu B.

Tu A

Tu B

Ch hng A

B, V mt khng gian v thi gian -> iu khon hnh trnh (transit clause): Ni dung: Trch nhim ca ngi bo him bt u tnh t khi hng ha ri kho hoc ni cha hng ti im ghi trn HDBH, c hiu lc trong sut qu trnh vn chuyn bnh thng v trch nhim kt thc khi hng ha giao vo kho n hoc ht 60 ngy k t khi hng ha c d ra khi tu ti cng n, ty trng hp no xy ra trc.

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-> iu khon kho n kho: Khng gian: + Kho i: l kho m ti hng ha c ng gi hon chnh v sn sang a ln phng tin vn ti-> c quy nh trn HDBH + Kho n: - Kho cui cng ca ngi nhn quy nh trn HDBH - Kho trc khi ti ni n hoc ni n m ngi c BH la chn lu kho ngoi hnh trnh vn chuyn bnh thng hoc phn phi hng ha. VD: Hng ha i c BH trn chng g t HN qua Sing n im cui cng l Tokyo. Trogn qt vn chuyn ch hng khng mun ti Tokyo na m qua Sing ri chuyn tip ti Nga. Nh vy khng gian bo him kt thc khi hng ha qua trm trung chuyn Sing, chng g t Sing ti Nga nu mun Bh th phi ng thm ph BH. Thi gian: + Bt u: k t khi hng ri kho i + Kt thc: vo mt trong hai trng hp sau ty trng hp no xy ra trc: - hng c a vo kho n - ht 60 ngy k t ngy hng c d ra khi tu ti cng n. Cu 22: Phm vi trch nhim bo him theo hai iu kin c bit ca ICC 1982 I, DKBH chin tranh - WR A, Ri ro, tn tht c bo him 1. Chin tranh, ni chin, cch mng, khi ngha, ni lon, xung t dn s pht sinh t nhng bin c hay bt c hnh ng th ch no 2. B chim ot, tch thu, bt gi, kim ch 3. V kh chin tranh cn st li 4. ng gp tn tht chung Khng lit k ri ro loi tr m ch c bi thng trong 4 trng hp trn. B, Khng gian thi gian trch nhim: 1, khng gian: t cng i - cng n -> cng- cng 2, thi gian: - Bt u: k t khi hng c xp xung tu ti cng i - Kt thc: vo mt trong hai trng hp, ty trng hp no xy ra trc: +hng c d ra khi tu ti cng n +ht 15 ngy k t na m ngy tu cp cng n. II. DKBH nh cng SRCC A, Ri ro tn tht c bo him 1. nh cng, cm xng, bo ng, ri lon lao ng hay ni d ca dn chng 2. Khng b hay bt c ngi no hnh ng v mc ch chnh tr 3. Tn tht chung hay chi ph cu nn B, Khng gian thi gian trch nhim: -> iu khon hnh trnh (transit clause):

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Ni dung: Trch nhim ca ngi bo him bt u tnh t khi hng ha ri kho hoc ni cha hng ti im ghi trn HDBH, c hiu lc trong sut qu trnh vn chuyn bnh thng v trch nhim kt thc khi hng ha giao vo kho n hoc ht 60 ngy k t khi hng ha c d ra khi tu ti cng n, ty trng hp no xy ra trc. -> iu khon kho n kho: Khng gian: + Kho i: l kho m ti hng ha c ng gi hon chnh v sn sang a ln phng tin vn ti-> c quy nh trn HDBH + Kho n: - Kho cui cng ca ngi nhn quy nh trn HDBH - Kho trc khi ti ni n hoc ni n m ngi c BH la chn lu kho ngoi hnh trnh vn chuyn bnh thng hoc phn phi hng ha. Thi gian: + Bt u: k t khi hng ri kho i + Kt thc: vo mt trong hai trng hp sau ty trng hp no xy ra trc: - hng c a vo kho n - ht 60 ngy k t ngy hng c d ra khi tu ti cng n. Cu 23: iu khon bo him t kho n kho trong bo him vn chuyn bng ng bin iu khon kho n kho: Khng gian: + Kho i: l kho m ti hng ha c ng gi hon chnh v sn sang a ln phng tin vn ti-> c quy nh trn HDBH + Kho n: - Kho cui cng ca ngi nhn quy nh trn HDBH - Kho trc khi ti ni n hoc ni n m ngi c BH la chn lu kho ngoi hnh trnh vn chuyn bnh thng hoc phn phi hng ha. VD: Hng ha i c BH trn chng g t HN qua Sing n im cui cng l Tokyo. Trogn qt vn chuyn ch hng khng mun ti Tokyo na m qua Sing ri chuyn tip ti Nga. Nh vy khng gian bo him kt thc khi hng ha qua trm trung chuyn Sing, chng g t Sing ti Nga nu mun Bh th phi ng thm ph BH. Thi gian: + Bt u: k t khi hng ri kho i + Kt thc: vo mt trong hai trng hp sau ty trng hp no xy ra trc: - hng c a vo kho n - ht 60 ngy k t ngy hng c d ra khi tu ti cng n. Cu 24: Cc loi hp ng bo him vn chuyn bng ng bin: Khi nim: HBH l vn bn tha thun gia hai bn trong bn bo him cam kt s bi thng cho bn c bo him nhng tn tht ca i tng bo him do cc ri ro c bo him gy ra vi iu kin bn c bo him np ph bo him. Tnh cht:

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1. L mt hp ng bi thng( contract of indemnity) 2. l mt hp ng tn nhim (contract of goodfaith) theo , nu 2 bn vi phm tn nhim-> hp ng v hiu ngay lp tc 3. L chng t c th chuyn nhng c. c chuyn nhng li ch bo him bng k hu vo mt sau ca HDBH: ch l cch k hu v danh. VD B/L : - k hu ch danh - k hu theo lnh - k hu v danh lun phi xut trnh B/L th mi nhn bo him -> khc chuyn nhng B/L Ch cn k hu BH v danh + i km B/L Cc chng t c lin quan: 1. Giy yu cu bo him: giy ngh giao kt HDBH -> khng c gi tr php l nhng l c s lp chng t bo him 2. Chng t bo him: n BH hoc giy chng nhn bo him l bng chng ca HDBH c k kt c s php l gii quyt tranh chp L c s php l iu chnh mi quan h gia cc bn 3. Vn bn sa i b sung( Endorsement) Phn loi: 1. HDBH chuyn (Voyage Policy) - L hp ng BH cho mt chuyn hng c chuyn ch t a im ny n a im khc quy nh trn HDBH - Hiu lc: iu khon t kho-> kho - Hnh thc: n bo him hoc giy CNBH 2. HDBH bao/m (Cover/Open Policy) - L hp ng bo him cho nhiu chuyn hng c chuyn ch trong mt thi gian nht nh - u im: +c tnh cht t ng v linh hot: t ng c hiu lc vi mi hng ha trong thi gian quy nh + tit kim chi ph v thi gian k kt hp ng. Gim chi ph HD bao hn so vi HD chuyn. +ngi bo him cm chc mt khon thu ph bo him - Hiu lc: + ph thuc thi gian quy nh trong hp ng + c th chm dt nu ht hn ngch ca s tin bo him. trong hn ngch ca s tin bo him l Amax. VD: Amax = 10 triu. Mt chuyn hng = 1 triu -> ch c 10 chuyn, trch nhim ca ngi bo him kt thc ngay c khi cha chm dt thi gian bo him + hai bn c th tha thun chm dt hp ng - hnh thc: HDBH khung/ HDBH nguyn tc, tha thun vn chung nht, mi chuyn hng c cp mt giy chng nhn bo him 3. HDBH nh gi (Valued Policy)

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228.2c BLHH 2005: n BH nh gi l n bo him trong ngi Bh ng trc gi tr ca TBH ghi trong n BH, ph hp vi gi tr c BH v c s dng khi gii quyt bi thng tn tht ton b hoc b thng tn tht b phn - quy nh c thV : Tr gi ti thi im k HDBH - S dng V lm cn c tnh bi thng. Trong qu trnh vn chuyn hng ha, gt hng ha c th thay i nhng khi bi thng, ngi bo him khng quan tm ti gi tr hng ha ti thi im xy ra tn tht m bi thng theo iu kin trong hp ng k kt +A=V Bi thng cho tn tht ton b =V; Bi thng cho tn tht b phn =gi tr tn tht + A<V Bi thng cho TTTB =A; Bi thng cho TTBP =
A . GTTT V

4. HDBH khng nh gi (Unvalued Policy) 228.2d BLHH 2005: n BH khng nh gi l n bo him khng ghi gi tr ca TBH nhng s tin bo him phi c ghi r trong n bo him. - khng quy nh V m ch n nh A - Cn c tnh bi thng: tr gi th trng ca hng ha ti thi im xy ra tn tht + nu A= V thc t: TTTB-> BT=V thc t,TTBP-> BT= GTTT +nu A< V thc t -> Bh di gi tr +nu A> V thc t: k trn gi tr nhng khng c tnh mua -> vn c hiu lc v c BH =V thc t. Phn ph bo him vt qu s c cng ty bo him thanh ton tr li cho ngi ng bo him. TTTB -> BT= GTTT TTBP-> BT= GTTT Ch : Trong lut bo him khng a ra nh gi hay khng nh gi. Cu 25: Mt l hng phn bn, ch hng ch mun bo him hng b t nc bin. Bn t vn cho ch hng nn mua bo him theo iu khon no A hay B hay C? Gii thch. Ri ro nc bin l ri ro thng thng c bo him trong iu kin B v A. iu kin A ch hng phi ng ph bo him nhiu hn, tuy c gii hn ri ro c bi thng nhiu hn nhng trong trng hp ny ch hng thy l khng cn thit, do la chn gia iu khon B v A th ch hng nn mua B. Mt khc tit kim chi ph dnh cho vic ng ph bo him, v v ch c mc ch bo him cho hng khi ri ro nc ma, ch hng c th mua iu kin C v mua km theo bo him ri ro ph nc ma. Nh vy nu ch bo him hng b t nc ma, ch hng nn mua bo him iu kin C v mua kem bo him ri ro ph nc ma cho hng ha. Cu 41: Cho v d minh ha v phn trch nhim m ch hng phi chu theo iu khon hai tu m va nhau cng c li. bi thng cho tn tht ny, ch hng phi tham gia iu kin bo him no?

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V d: Tu A v tu B m va nhau theo t l li l 40% v 60%. Thit hi v hng ha trn tu A (hng A) l 24 triu, thit hi v hng ha trn tu B (hng B) l 15 triu. Tu B s n b cho hng A ton b 24 triu. Trn thc t, tu A c li 40% -> tu A n cho tu B 40% tng thit hi pht sinh trong c tnh c ti 24 triu tu B tr cho ch hng A. V vy, theo iu khon hai tu m va nhau cng c li, ch hng A phi tr li cho ch tu A 40% x 24 triu=9,6 triu. Tng t nh th, ch hng B s tr li cho ch tu B 60% x 15 triu.

Tu A

Tu B

Ch hng A

Ch hng B

c bi thng cho tn tht ny, ch hng tham gia bt c iu kin no trong bo him hng ha u c bi thng Cu 42: Gii thch phn trch nhim m ngi c bo him phi chu theo iu khon hai tu m va nhau cng c li. 1. Nguyn tc trch nhim n: so snh tn tht ca mi tu, tu no thit hi t hn th s c tu thit hi nhiu hn bi thng vi s tin l phn chnh lch tn tht ca hai tu ( khu tr phn chnh lch) Tr li vi v d trn:

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Tu A

Tu B

Ch hng A

Tu B: - So snh tn tht ca mi tu, tu A thit hi t hn s c tu B bi thng phn chnh lch. Do , tu B bi thng cho tu A= 60% x 40 40% x 20= 16 triu. - Tr ton cho ch hng A ton b tn tht ca hng A =24 triu Tu A: tr cho tu B mt phn s tin tu B bi thng cho hng A tng ng vi phn li ca tu A= 40% x 24= 9,6 Ch hng A: theo iu khon hai tu m va nhau cng c li, ch hng A s tr li cho ch tu A s tin 9,6 triu ny. 2. Nguyn tc trch nhim cho: mi tu s phi bi thng tn tht ca tu kia theo t l li mnh gy ra.

Tu A

Tu B

Ch hng A

Tu B: - Tr cho tu A tn tht ca tu A tng ng vi 60% li =60% x 40= 24 triu

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- Tr cho hng A ton b tn tht 24 triu Tu A: - Tr cho tu B tn tht ca tu B tng ng vi 40% li= 40% x 20= 8 triu - Tr cho tu B mt phn s tin tu B tr cho hng A tng ng vi 40% li= 40% x 24= 9,6 triu Ch hng A: Tr cho tu A 9,6 triu trn. Cu 43: Tn tht hng ha do tu c bo him m va vo tu khc m c hai tu u c li th s c bi thng bi nhng ngi no? Ti sao? Cho v d minh ha. Tn tht ca hng ha do tu c bo him ( tu A) m va vi tu khc ( tu B) m c hai tu u c li thng s theo 2 trng hp: Trng hp 1: Trong vn n khng c iu khon hai tu m va nhau cng c li Trong vn n dn chiu t Hague, hague visby th ch hng khng th i c bi thng t ch tu A, do ch hng s phi i ch tu B bi thng ton b tn tht, sau ch tu B s i ch tu A tr cho ch tu B khon tin theo t l li m tu A gy ra. V d: Tu A m va vi tu B, t l li 40% - 60% Tn tht hng A l 20 triu ng. Trn vn n khng c iu khon hai tu m va nhau cng c li Gii quyt: Tu B s bi thng cho hng A ton b tn tht l 20 triu ng. Tu A s tr cho tu B s tin tng ng vi phn li ca tu A: 40% x 20 = 8 triu

Tu A 40%

Tu B 60%

Ch hng A 20 triu

Trng hp 2: Trong vn n c iu khon hai tu m va cng c li: Ch tu B s bi thng ton b tn tht cho hng A. Sau ch tu A s tr cho ch tu B khon tin tng ng vi phn li ca tu A. Do trong vn n tu A c iu khon 2 tu m va cng c li nn ch tu A s ly lau=I khon tin t ch hng A. Cng ty bo him s tr cho ch hng A b li s tin ny. V d:

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Tu A m va vi tu B, t l li 40% - 60% Tn tht hng A l 20 triu ng. Trn vn n c iu khon hai tu m va nhau cng c li Gii quyt: Tu B s bi thng cho hng A ton b tn tht l 20 triu ng. Tu A s tr cho tu B s tin tng ng vi phn li ca tu A: 40% x 20 = 8 triu Cng ty bo him s bi thng cho ch hng A s tin tng ng vi li ca tu A l 8 triu ng. Ch hng A s tr li khon tin 8 triu li cho ch tu A.

Tu A 40%

Tu B 60%

Ch hng A 20 triu

Cng ty bo him

Chng 3: Bo him hng khng Cu 1: Bo him hng khng l g? Cc loi hnh ca bo him hng khng? Bo him hng khng l bo him nhng ri ro trn khng, trn blin quan ti mt hnh trnh chuyn ch bng ng hng khng. L nghip v bo him cho: - nhng ri ro, tn tht xy n vi phng tin vn chuyn hng khng, hnh khch, hnh l, hng ha v t trang. - Phn trch nhim dn s ca hng vn chuyn i vi hnh khch, hnh l, hng ha v t trang hay i vi ngi th ba ( di mt t) Loi hnh bo him hn hp cho c phng tin ln trch nhim dn s. Cc loi hnh bo him hng khng: 1. Bo him thn my bay: bao gm v, my v trang thit b ca my bay. y l mt dng bo him ti sn, cng ty bo him c trch nhim bi thng tn tht ton b hoc b phn; thng quy nh mt mc khu tr nhy nh trong trng hp tn tht b phn.

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2. Bo him trch nhim dn s ca hng hng khng i vi hnh khch, hnh l, hng ha v t trang ca hnh khch. Theo cng ty bo him s bi thng cho hng hng khng nhng thng vong thit hi khi h ang ln xung cu thang my bay hoc ang trong qu trnh bay hoc thit hi i vi hng ha, hnh l, bu kin nhn chuyn ch. Tuy nhin, - trch nhim ca cng ty bo him khng vt qu mc ghi trn hp ng bo him (giy chng nhn bo him) - khng p dng i vi nhn vin t bay, ngi v ti sn lin quan n ngi th ba 3. Bo him trch nhim dn s ca ngi c bo him i vi ngi th ba: Theo ngi bo him s bi thng nhng thit hi v ngi hoc ti sn do my bay hay bt c ngi no,vt th no t my bay ri xung, gy thit hi cho ngi th ba trn mt t - khng p dng i vi hnh khch v nhn vin t bay - cc hng hng khng thng p dng cng c Rome 1952 quy nh gii hn trch nhim ca HHK i vi ngi th ba da trn trng lng ct cnh ca my bay. 4. Bo him hng ha vn chuyn bng ng hng khng. L loi bo him nhng ri ro l hu qu ca do li ca ngi sn xut my bay trong qu trnh thit k, sa cha, thay th ph tng, sn xut. Theo , cng ty bo him s bi thng nhng khon tin m HHK phi tr do li tay ngh hoc li sn xut: - cht hoc b thng i vi hnh khch - thit hi v ngi v ti sn i vi ngi th bai - mt kh nng s dng my bay Trch nhim ny khng ch do li hay s sut trong qu trnh sn xut m c trong qu trnh bn sn phm. Hp ng ny cn bao gm c trch nhim i vi tn tht ca bn thn sn phm. 5. Bo him tai nn c nhn: La loi bo him p dng vi i tng l hnh khch hoc nhn vin t bay. L dng hp ng t nguyn c k kt trc tip gia hnh khch v nhn vin t bay vi cng ty bo him hoc cc c quan ch qun hoc c quan vn chuyn trong c tha thun s tin bo him. Bo him s trc tip bi thng cho hnh khch hoc nhn vin t bay. - thanh ton tin bo him +trong trng hp cht -> phi tr ton b A + trong trn hp b thng -> tin bo him c tr theo thng tt v cc chi ph khc c lin quan (tin vin ph, thuc men) 6. Bo him TNDS ca ch sn bay v ngi iu hnh bay TBH: TNDS ca ch sn bay v ngi iu hnh bay pht sinh trong qu trnh hot ng ca sn bay. Cng ty bo him s bi thng cho : - tn tht v ngi hoc ti sn ca ngi th ba trong khu vc quy nh do hot ng ca sn bay hoc nhn vin ca h gy ra.

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Tn tht ca my bay v cc trang thit b trn my bay khng thuc quyn s hu ca h khi my bay ang u sn bay hoc nhn vin ca h gy ra. - Tn tht v ngi v ti sn do vic cung cp lng thc thc phm v cc sn phm khc gy ra.\ 7. Bo him di mc min thng tn tht n vi thn my bay: Bo him cho nhng tn tht nh hn mc min thng m ngi bo him thn my bay khng chu trch nhim 8. Bo him mt kh nng s dng my bay: Cng ty bo him bi thng cho HHK phn thu nhp b mt do my bay b tai nn bt ng phi dng bay sa cha - Ch c p dng trong trng hp my bay b tn tht b phn. Trng hp tn tht ton b, ngi bo him s bo him theo hp ng bo him thng thng mt s tin mua li mt chic my bay tng t nn khng b mt thu nhp -> khng p dng vi tn tht ton b. - Hai bn tha thun mt mc bi thng theo ngy, tunmc min bi thng theo ngy.. - Bo him ny ch c hiu lc sau mt thi gian nht nh, thng l t mt n 2 tun l khong thi gian bnh thng sa cha v kt thc sau mt thi gian quy nh ca hp ng - Nguyn tc: s tin bo him c th gn thu ngn hn mt chic my bay khc trong trng hp ny ngi bo him s thanh ton mi chi ph lin quan n vic bo dng my bay, tr nhng khon phi chi trong mi trng hp d c b tai nn hay khng. 9. Bo him ri ro chin tranh: Th trng bo him th gii thng nht loi b ri ro ra khi hp ng bo him thng thng v s bo him theo mt HDBH ring. 10. Bo him chim ot v bt cc: c bo him theo mt hp ng bo him ring, ch c gi tr sau mt thi gian nht nh c th khng nh my bay s khng c hon tr li cho ngi c bo him. Cu 6: Trnh by cc ri ro loi tr trong bo him hng ha vn chuyn bng ng hng khng theo ICC 1982 a. Loi tr ring vi cc loi bo him: 1. Bo him thn my bay - TTBP do tc dng ph hy dn lu di ca mt b phn bt k khc gy ra. - TTBP do hao mn t nhin hoc suy gim v mt cht lng -> ngoi l: nu gy ra tai nn bt ng cho my bay s c bi thng theo c K A v B 2. Bo him trch nhim ca HHK i vi hnh khch, hnh l, t trang v hng ha - Tn tht v ngi v ti sn ca ngi c BH ( hoc ngi ng kinh doanh) - Tn tht v ngi v ti sn ca nhn vin t bay hoc ca nhng ngi khc khi h ang lm nhim v trn my bay. 3. Bo him TNDS ca HHK i vi ngi th ba - Tn tht v ngi v ti sn ca ngi c bo him (hoc ngi ng kinh doanh)

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- Tn tht v ngi v ti sn ca nhn vin t bay hoc ca nhng ngi khc khi h ang lm nhim v trn my bay. - Tt c cc khiu ni pht sinh trc tip hoc gin tip do ting ng m thanh, nhim, nhiu sng in v sng in t, tr ngi s dng ti sn. Hng hng khng c th phi bi thng cho ngi dn, cng ty bo him khng chu trch nhim??? b. Loi tr chung ca bo him hng khng 1. My bay c s dng khc mc ch ghi trn giy chng nhn bo him 2. My bay vt ra ngoi phm vi ghi trn giy chng nhn bo him 3. My bay c iu chnh bi ngi khng c tn trn giy chng nhn bo him 4. My bay ct h cnh nhng ni khng ph hp tnh nng k thut (tr trng hp bt kh khng) 5. My bay c vn chuyn bi bt k phng tin no khc 6. S hnh khch ghi trn my bay vt qu s hnh khch ti a ghi trn giy chng nhn bo him 7. Nhng trch nhim m ngi c bo him chp nhn hoc t b khc vi v, phiu hnh l, phiu hng ha, AWB hoc cc cng c quc t. 8. S tin nhn c t cc hp ng khc 9. Tn tht trc tip hoc gin tip do hin tng phng x, nhim phng x. 10. Chin tranh nh cng. Chng 4: Bo him ha hon v cc ri ro c bit Cu 1: Vai tr cn thit ca bo him chy n - Mi vt xung quanh ta u d chy, c bit l ti sn, my mc trang thit b, vt qu him. - Chy hay ha hon c th xy ra bt k ni no, vo bt k thi im no -> nguy c chy rt cao - Nn vn minh hin i ph thuc rt nhiu vo cc ngun nng lng m cc ngun nng lng hin i u rt d chy - Khi tham gia bo him, cng ty bo him s tr gip cho ngi tham gia bo him thc hin cc bin php phng nga ri ro v cch phng chy cha chy. Cu 5: Cc ri ro c bit l nhng ri ro nh th no? Cho v d Cc ri ro c bit ( ri ro ph: B, C, E, G, K, L, N, P, Q, S) 1. B ri ro n: Bi thng mi tn tht thit hi do n ni hi v hi t. Loi tr thit hi ca ni hi, thng un nc bng hi t, bnh cha nc, my mc thit b b n do n cc cht liu bn trong ( loi tr khng p dng i vi chy n xng du) 2. C My bay hoc cc phng tin hng khng khc hoc cc thit b trn cc phng tin ri vo Bi thng thit hi ca ti sn do cc phng tin hng khnghay thit b ri xung v ri vo -> loi tr n m thanh ( thit hi gy ra bi sng p lc t nhng chuyn ng vi m thanh hoc siu thanh) 3. E- Ni lon, nh cng, bi cng, b xng, gy ri..

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Loi tr: - ti sn b mt mt h hng do b tch thu, ph hy hay trng dng theo lnh ca chnh quyn - thit hi do ngng cng vic 4. G ng t 5. K la ngm di t 6. L Chy: do t ln men, ta nhit hay t bc chy. 7. N Ging t, bo tp, l lt Loi tr: - thit hi ca ti sn do sng mui hay st l t - thit hi ca hng ro, cng ng, hay cc ng sn ngoi tri( bt che nng, bnh phong, bin qung co, cc trang thit b lp t pha ngoi..) 8. P V hay trn nc t cc b cha nc, thit b cha nc hoc ng ng dn nc Loi tr: - thit hi do nc trn t h thng cha chy t ng c lp t sn trong nh - thit hi ti nhng cng trnh, nh b trng 9. Q Tc ng bi xe c hay ng vt 10. S - R r t h thng cha chy lp t sn trong nh loi tr: - thit hi ti nhng cng trnh, nh b trng - Thit hi do n, ng t hoc la ngm di tri t Cu 9: Gi tr bo him trong bo him ha hon v cc ri ro c bit 1. i vi nh ca, vt kin trc: - gi tr xy mi: CP nguyn vt liu + tin lng cng nhn + CP kho st: tng chi ph xy dng nu nh ti sn cha qua s dng - Nu ti sn qua s dng trong mt thi gian nht nh : Gi tr cn li = gi tr xy mi Dp. 2. My mc thit b v cc ti sn c nh khc: V= gi tr mua mi ( gi tr trn ha n thng mi) + CP vn chuyn, lp t nu c vi ti sn cha qua s dng, nu qua s dng -> V= gi tr mua mi Dp 3. Thnh phm, bn thnh phm: thuc gi thnh sn xut, gi bn. Gi thnh sn xut < gi bn -> V = gtsx Gi thnh sn xut > gi bn -> V= gi bn Gi thnh sn xut= gi tr nguyn vt liu + chi ph hp l 4. Hng ha vt t mua v trong kho, trong ca hng: V= gi mua ghi trn ha n+ chi ph vn chuyn + chi ph hp l khc Nu nhp khu hng ha CIF v -> V= gi CIF + chi ph vn chuyn v ni a+ chi ph hp l khc Chng 5: Bo him xy dng v lp t Cu 1: Khi nim v i tng bo him trong bo him xy dng l g?

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Bo him xy dng l: Loi hnh bo him nhng thit hi pht sinh t mt ri ro bt ng hoc t trch nhim i vi ngi th ba trong vic xy dng mt cng trnh c s dng n b tong v xi mng. Mc ch: bi thng cc thit hi vt cht ca cng trnh xy dng v thit hi gy ra cho ngi th ba. Trong : - Ch u t: Ngi ch cng trnh, quyn li gn lin cng trnh. - Cc kin trc s, k s, c vn chuyn mn - Ch thu chnh: K hp ng vi ch u t thi cng cng trnh. - Cc nh thu ph: K hp ng vi ch thu chnh thc hin mt phn. -> C rt nhiu ngi c bo him nn khi k hp ng bo him ch cn c mt ngi ng ra i din (ch u t hay ch thu) i tng bo him: - Cc cng trnh xy dng cng nghip ang trong qu trnh lp t: nh my, x nghip, kho hng, n v sn xut - Cc cng trnh ln v dn s: ng s, cu cng, nh ga, bn cng, sn bay, p, cc cng trnh thot nc. - Cc bt ng sn ln dng cho thng mi, cc cng trnh cng cng hoc dn dng nh nh , trng hc, bnh vin, nh ht, rp chiu phim, cc cng trnh vn ha khc. Trong , cc hng mc ch yu c bo him bao gm: + Cng tc thi cng xy dng: - chun b mt bng: o p san nn - xy dng cc cng trnh tm thi phc v cho thi cng nh knh dn nc, tng bo v, nh tm cho cng nhn.. - Lm mng, ng cc, xy dng cc cu trc ch yu ca cng trnh - Chi ph chy th cc my mc thit b c lp t Ch : nu gi tr lp t my mc thit b< 50% tng gi tr ca c cng trnh xy dng th c th bo him. + Cc trang thit b xy dng + My mc xy dng dng trong qu trnh xy dng ( tr phng tin lu hnh trn cng l v thuc bo him xe c gii) + Ti sn c sn v xung quanh khu vc cng trng thuc quyn s hu, trng nom, chm sc ca ngi c bo him + Chi ph dn dp v sinh: l chi ph pht sinh do phi di chuyn, dn dp mnh vn, cc cht ph thi xy dng, t do s c thuc trch nhim bo him gy ra, vi mc ch lm sch tip tc thi cng. + Trch nhim i vi ngi th ba ( tr cng nhn, ngi lm thu cho ch u t hoc ch thu) Cu 5: Trnh by phm vi bo him trong bo him xy dng. a. Nhng ri ro c bo him 1. Cc thit hi m cng trnh phi chu nh cng trnh c th b sp do cn cu lt hoc b cc phng tin giao thng hoc my bay m va vo.

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Ha hon v nhng tn tht do tin hnh cc bin php cha chy. Cc v n gy thit hi cc ng hi, ni hi, cng nh cc thit b khc. Cc thit hi do nc gy nn (do l lt, r ng ng..) Cc thit hai do thin tai nh ging bo, t trt, ng t, ni la phun, sng thn, ma gi, st nh.. 6. Trm cp 7. V my (my mc lin quan ti cng vic thi cng trong xy dng) 8. Cng trnh xd b sp( ri ro ny cn ng bo him thm bng hp ng trch nhim sau xd, c bit l i vi thi cng cng trnh nc ngoi) 9. Thiu kinh nghim, s sut, hnh ng c hay c nhm ln nhng khng phi l ngi c bo him hay i din ca h gy ra 10. Ri ro trong vn chuyn vt liu xd hay my mc c thc hin trn cng trng 11. TNDS ca ngi c bo him i vi ngi th ba v cc thit hi khng th trnh khi trong vic thi cng cng trnh. 12. Hu qu ti chnh ca nhng thit hi c bo him gy ra b. Nhng ri ro loi tr: Cc loi ri ro loi tr chung cho mi n bo him: ri ro loi tr tuyt i 1. Tn tht xy ra do chin tranh hay cc hnh ng tng t 2. Tn tht xy ra do nh cng, bi cng, b xng hay ni lon, gin on hay ngng cng vic lnh ca nh chc trch. 3. Tn tht xy ra do s ta nhit hay phng x (phn ng ht nhn, phng x ht nhn, nhim phng x) 4. Tn tht xy ra do hnh ng c ca ngi c bo him hay i din ca h 5. Tn tht c tnh cht hu qu do chm tr nh tin pht do vi phm hp ng hay mt thu nhp.. Cc loi tr ring: c th c bo him bng cc iu kin b sung nu ngi c bo him yu cu v ng ph bo him 1. Cc tn tht do hng hc, c kh hoc v in hay nhng trc trc ca my mc xd( tr nhng thit hi c tnh cht tai nn c th xy ra s c bo him bnh thng) 2. Cc tn tht pht sinh ra t gim gi tr do hao mn, do b ph hoi dn dn, do s gi ci, hoen g, oxy ha 3. Cc mt mt h hi ca ti liu bn v, biu mu, chng t thanh ton, tin, sc.. 4. Cc mt mt khi pht hin kim k 5. Tn tht ca xe c gii lu hnh trn cng l, ca cc phng tin thy hay my bay 6. Cc mt mt, thit hi pht sinh t vic gin on thi cng, thm ch ch l nht thi 7. Mc khu tr m ngi c bo him phi t gnh chu trong mi trng hp c s c thuc trch nhim ca bo him. Cu 9: Cc thnh phn ca ph bo him lp t: Ph BH tiu chun, ph ph m rng tiu chun, ph ph m rng ngoi tiu chun 2. 3. 4. 5.

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Hi nhng bn tr FTU pht cung v mn Bo him

1. Ph bo him tiu chun: L ph bo him cho cc ri ro tiu chun c bo him trong n bo him tiu chun ca cng ty Munich Re (n bo him mi ri ro - EAR Erections All Risks) Cc ri ro tiu chun: - Cc ri ro thin tai nh ng t, ni l, sng thn, ma tuyt, l lt bo gi, t st l, st nh.. - Cc ri ro khc nh: chy n, do t hay cc phng tin khc m va vo, trm cp, tay ngh km, thiu kinh nghim hay nhm ln. Ph bo him tiu chun= ph c bn+ph ph ng t+ ph ph l lt Trong : Ph c bn l mc ph ti thiu vi mt cng trnh. Ph c tnh trn phn nghn gi tr bo him ca mt cng trnh. c tnh cho cc cng vic: My mc thit b lu kho ti cng trng ( thi gian lu kho trc khi lp t khng qu 3 thng, thi gian lu kho khng c vt qu thi gian lp t ghi trong n bo him Chi ph xy dng lp t (nu c) Chy th (khng qu 4 tun) Ch tin hnh cho may mc mi, khng cho my mc qua s dng. Ph ph ng t. Vic xc inh cn c vo hai yu t: tnh cht ca tng loi cng trnh v mc nh hng cu ng t ti cng trnh. T l ph ph tnh bng phn nghn trn nm, nu cng trnh ko di hn mt nm th tnh theo thng Ph ph bo lt: Cn c vo 2 yu t: sc chu ng cu cng trnh i vi tc ng ca gi bo, l lt v khu vc ri ro tin hnh cng trnh lp t. Ph ph c xc nh bng t l phn nghn trn nm ca gi tr bo him. Cng trnh lp t di mt nm v nm ngoi ma ma bo t nht mt thng trc khi cng trnh bt u hoc sau khi hon thnh th ngi ta p dng t l bnh qun: Ph ph = T l ph ph x
thoigianlapdat . x gi tr bo him 12thang

Nu cng trnh ko di qu mt nm th cch tnh cng tng t. trong trng hp lp t c my lu kho th ph ph tng thm 0.15% 2. Ph ph m rng tiu chun : ph ph ny c tnh vi phn m bo him cho cc cng vic sau - thi gian lp t v chy th my ko di, khng di mt phn nghn tin ca gi tr bo him - Chi ph dn dp sau tn tht - Cc ti sn trn v xung quanh cng trng. y l ti sn thuc quyn s hu, qun l, kim tra gim st ca ngi c bo him. - Cc thit b phc v cho cng tc lp t - Cc my mc xy dng lp t - Trch nhim i vi ngi th ba.

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Hi nhng bn tr FTU pht cung v mn Bo him

Tt c cc hng mc trn u thuc phm vi ca n bo him lp t EAR. Song ngi c bo him phi k khai trong giy yu cu bo him v trong ph lc ca n bo him Vic tnh ph ph ny tng t nh trong bo him xy dng l da vo ph tiu chun v gi tr bo him ca cc hng mc lp t tnh. 3. Ph ph m rng ngoi tiu chun: tnh cho vic bo him cc ri ro ngoi phm vi bo him ca n bo him. Vic bo him ny lun c s dng bng cc iu khon b sung bo him cc ri ro ngoi ri ro tiu chun: - RR chin tranh, bo ng, khi ngha, nh cng - Bo him trch nhim cho - Bo him ri ro khi bo hnh - Bo him cc chi ph lm thm gi, lm m, lm trong ngy l v cc vn chuyn nhanh. - Bo him cho cc ph vn chuyn bng my bay - Bo him ri ro ch to Ngoi ph BH tiu chun, ph ph m rng tiu chun v ngoi tiu chun, ph Bh lp t cn c tnh da vo mc khu tr c quy nh cho tng loi cng trnh khc nhau.

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