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NH GI KH NNG S DNG CM GO LY TRCH DU LM THC N CHO C

Trn Th Thanh Hin1, Dng Thy Yn1, Trn L Cm T1, L Bo Ngc1, Hi ng Phng2 v Lee Swee Heng3

ABSTRACT
This study was carried out to determine the utilization of defatted rice-bran bran (branded Calofic Cam Vang) for fish feeds. Analytical results indicated that defatted rice-bran contained a protein and lipid level of 16.3% and 2.76%, respectively. The Peroxit value (PV) in defatted rice-bran after 4 months of storage was acceptable for making fish feeds (11.2meq/kg). The Apparent Digestibility Coefficients (ADC) and Apparent Digestibility Coefficients of Gross Energy (ADCGE) of Pangasius hypophthalmus and Tilapia for defatted rice bran were better than for dried rice bran, especially in Tilapia ADC for defatted ricebran was significantly higher (p<0,05) than for dried rice bran (61.1% compared to 48.6%, respectively). For both types of rice-bran, survival rate and growth of P. hypophthalmus were not significantly different when fed with different rice-bran levels (30, 40, 50 and 60%). Similarly, there was no significant difference in survival of Tilapia but those fed with defatted rice-bran had significantly higher growth rate than those fed with dried rice-bran (p<.0.05). Highest growth rate was found in the treatment fed with 60% defatted rice-bran and significantly different to other treatments. In conclusion, defatted rice-bran can be used as a good ingredient to formulate diets for Pangasius catfish and Tilapia up to 60%. Keywords: Rice bran, defatted rice- bran, Pangasius hypophthalmus, Tilapia, digestibility, Calofic Cam Vang Title: Study on the use of defatted rice-bran in diets for fish culture

TM TT
Nghin cu c thc hin nhm mc ch xc nh kh nng s dng cmly trch du lm thc n cho c.Kt qu phn tch cmly trch c hm lng protein l 16,3%, lipid 2,76%. Ch s Peroxit (PV) ca cm ly trch sau 4 thng bo qun l 11,2 meq/kg c th s dng tt lm thc n cho c. Kh nng tiu ha vt cht kh (ADC), tiu ha nng lng (ADCGE) ca c Tra v c R phi i vi cmly trch cao hn so vi cm sy, c bit c R phi ADC i vi cm ly trch l 61,1% cao hn c ngha so vi cm sy l 48,6% (p<0,05). Vi c hai loi cm, t l sng, sinh trng ca c Tra khi s dng thc n c cc mc cm khc nhau (30, 40,50 v 60%) khc bit khng c ngha (p>0,05). i vi c R phi, t l sng khng c s khc bit nhng sinh trng ca c cc nghim thc cm ly trch cao hn v khc bit c ngha so vi cc nghim thc cm sy. Tc sinh trng ca c R phi t cao nht nghim thc thc n c mc cmly trch 60% khc bit vi cc nghim thc cn li (p<0,05). Cm ly trch du c th s dng tt lm thc n cho c Tra,R phi vi hm lng cm phi ch c th n mc 60% trong cng thc thc n. T kha: cm go, cm ly trch du, Calofic Cm Vng Pangaisus hypophthalmus, Tilapia, tiu ha
1 2

Khoa Thy Sn - i hc Cn Th X nghip ch bin thc n Cataco - Cn Th 3 Cng ty du thc vt Ci Ln- Chi nhnh Cn Th

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1 GII THIU Tn dng cc ngun nguyn liu a phng sn c lm thc n cho c l mt nhn t rt quan trng trong vic gim chi ph, tng hiu qu kinh t. Hin nay cm go c s dng rt ph bin trong ch bin thc n nui thy sn, nht l thc n t ch. Cm go ang c s dng vi mt s lng ln lm thc n nui c Tra, ba sa, t l cm go s dng trong thc n chim n 60-70% (Trn Vn Nh, 2005). i vi cc nh my ch bin thc n cng nghip, cm go cng c s dng nh l mt ngun nguyn liu chnh cung cp nng lng trong cng thc thc n. Mt kh khn gp phi hin nay trong s dng l hm lng cht bo trong cm go qu cao, khi phi ch vi t l ln trong thc n s lm cho hm hng cht bo trong thc n cao, nh hng n cht lng thc n v cht lng c nui. i vi cc nh my ch bin, khi s dng t l cm go cao trong thc n s dn n kh khn trong cng ngh ch bin, cht lng thc n khng t yu cu, thi gian bo qun ngn. Ngoi ra, thnh phn axt bo trong co go khng p ng ng v cho nhu cu pht trin ca c. Do , vic nghin cu s dng cm ly trch du lm thc n cho c vi mong mun gii quyt mt phn cc kh khn trong vic s dng cm trong thnh phn thc n cho c nhm nng cao cht lng sn phm v h gi thnh thc n. Mc tiu ca nghin cu ny l nh gi cht lng cm go ly trch du v kh nng s dng cm go ly trch du lm thc n c nhm xy dng cng thc thc n ph hp v hiu qu cho c. 2 PHNG PHP NGHIN CU 2.1 Xc nh thnh phn ha hc ca cm ly trch v cm sy Thnh phn ha hc ca cm sy v cm ly trch bao gm cc ch tiu sau m , m, cht bo, tro, cht bt ng v cht x, hm lng Vitamin A, B1, D, Carotene, ch s peroxide trong cm sy v cm ly trch c phn tch theo phng php AOAC (2000). Cc ch tiu ny c nh gi cm mi, cm sau 1, 2, 3 v 4 thng lu tr trong iu kin bnh thng (trong phng). Cm sy l cm sau khi xay st go c nh my xay st sy kh, cm ly trch l cm go ly trch ly du, cm ly trch s dng trong th nghim l Calofic Cm Vng ca cng ty du thc vt Ci Ln (ti Cn Th) 2.2 nh gi tiu ha ca cm sy v cm ly trch c Th nghim c thc hin trn hai i tng l c Tra (Pangasius hypophthalmus) v c R phi (Oreochromis niloticus). Thc n th nghim bao gm thc n i chng (khng c cm sy v cm ly trch) cha 1% cht nh du (Cr2O3) v 2 loi thc n cn xc nh tiu ha nguyn cha 30% nguyn liu (cm sy hoc cm ly trch) v 70% thc n i chng. B tr th nghim: Th nghim c b tr vi 3 nghim thc thc n (Bng 1), mi nghim thc c lp li 3 ln. i vi c Tra, th nghim c b tr trn h thng b c h thng thu phn theo phng php lng, mt cc b tr l 20 con/b (khi lng 100g/con). i vi c R phi, th nghim b tr trong h thng 9 b tun hon, mt c b tr th nghim l 10 con/b (50g/con) phn c thu bng cch si phon. C th nghim c cho n thc n th nghim trong vng 7

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ngy, mi ngy cho n mt ln. n ngy th 8 tin hnh thu phn. Sau khi cho c n 1 gi, thay ton b nc trong b loi b thc n tha v tin hnh thu phn cho n trc ln cho n ngy tip theo. Tin hnh thu phn trong 3 ngy. Phn sau khi thu s c ra qua nc ct ly tm v v tr ng n khi phn tch. Thc n th nghim, phn c em i phn tch Cr2O3, protein v nng lng (AOAC, 2000) xc nh tiu ha ca nguyn liu
Bng 1: Thnh phn nguyn liu (%) ca thc n th nghim

Nguyn liu Bt c Bt u nnh Cm sy hoc cm ly trch (*) Bt m Premix Vitamin Du (1 du mc: 1 du nnh) Cr2O3 Cht kt dnh Hm lng protein (%)

Thc n i chng Cm ly trch (LT) Cm sy (CS) 26 20 43,5 1 6,5 1 2 30,2 18,2 14 30 30,45 0,7 4,55 0,7 1,4 26,4 18,2 14 30 30,45 0,7 4,55 0,7 1,4 24,6

Cm ly trch: Calofic Cm Vng ca cng ty du thc vt Ci Ln (ti Cn Th)

Cc ch s tnh ton tiu ha: tiu ha ca nguyn liu (ADCnguyn liu ): ADCnguyn liu (%) = (ADT 0,7AD)/0,3 Trong : ADT: tiu ha thc n nguyn liu AD: tiu ha ca thc n i chng tiu ha protein (ADCCP) v nng lng (ADCGE) ca nguyn liu: ADC CP (%) = (ADTCP 0,7ADCP)/0.3 ADC GE (%) = (ADTGE 0,7ADGE )/0.3 Trong : ADTCP,, ADT GE : tiu ha protein, tiu ha nng lng ca thc n nguyn liu ; ADCP, ADGE: tiu ha protein, tiu ha nng lng ca thc n i chng. 2.3 nh gi kh nng s dng cm ly trch du lm thc n cho c Tra (Pangasius hypophthalmus) v c R phi (Oreochromis niloticus) Th nghim c thc hin vi 8 nghim thc thc n t hai loi cm (cm ly trch v cm sy), mi loi cm c phi ch vi 4 mc cm khc nhau 30, 40, 50 v 60% trong cng thc thc n. Tt c cc nghim thc thc n c cng hm lng protein (25% CP) v mc nng lng (4 Kcal/kg thc n) (Bng 2). Th nghim c thc hin trn 24 b composite 500L c nc chy trn v c gn ng thu thc n d. Cc nghim thc c b tr hon ton ngu nhin. C tra c khi lng trung bnh 67,14g / con c b tr vi mt 30 con/ b. . C c cho n 2 ln/ ngy vi khu phn 3-5% khi lng c th. Thi gian th nghim 3 thng. c R phi c khi lng trung bnh 26,4g c b tr vi mt 30 con/ b.
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C c cho n 2 ln/ ngy, cho n 5-6% khi lng c th. Thi gian th nghim 2 thng. Trong qu trnh th nghim cht lng nc trong b thng xuyn c kim tra. Thc n tha v phn c si phon 2 ln/ ngy. Lng thc n trong mi b c iu chnh hng ngy.
Bng 2: Thnh phn ha hc ca thc n th nghim (%)

Thc n cm sy (%) 30 40 50 Bt c 23,6 23,4 23,4 Bt u nnh 7,87 7,81 7,78 Cm 30 40 50 Bt m 30,1 20,3 9,9 0 0 Du (1 du mc: 1 0,24 du nnh) Vitamin 2 2 2 Gelatin 2 2 2 Cht n 4,24 4,47 4,97 Thnh phn ha hc ca thc n theo tnh ton Protein 25 25 25 Lipid 6 6,76 7,76 NFE 48,1 46,4 44,2 Nng lng th 4 4 4 (Kcal/g)

Thnh phn

60 23,2 7,73 60 0 0 2 2 5,07 25 8,76 42,3 4

Thc n cm ly trch (%) 30 40 50 22,0 21,0 19,9 7,33 6,99 6,65 30 40 50 30,9 23,5 16,13 3,11 3,04 2,98 2 2 4,64 25 6 48,1 4 2 2 1,47 25 6 48,1 4 2 2 0,3 25 6 48,1 4

60 18,9 6,30 60 8,74 2,91 2 1,13 0 25 6 48,1 4

2.4 S liu thu thp v tnh ton Khi lng c ban u (Wi) c xc nh khi b tr th nghim. Tng trng ca c c xc nh bng cch cn ton b s c trong mi b. S liu thu s c tnh ton: t l sng (SR), khi lng cui (Wf), tng trng tuyt i DWG (g/ngy), h s thc n (FCR).Tt c s liu tnh ton s c x l thng k trn Excel bng chng trnh Statistica 6.0. 3 KT QU V THO LUN 3.1 Thnh phn ha hc ca cm ly trch v cm sy Cht lng ca cm sy v cm ly trch c nh gi thng qua thnh phn ha hc, hm lng vitamin v ch s peroxide (Bng 3). Hm lng protein trong cm ly trch (16,31%) cao hn hm lng protein trong cm sy (12,64%). Trong khi hm lng lipid th ngc li, hm lng lipid trong cm sy kh cao (12,02%), cm ly trch ch c 2,67%. c bit cm ly trch c ch s peroxide (5,87 meq/kg cht bo) thp hn so vi cm sy (9,81meq/kg cht bo). Ch s peroxide cng cao th cht bo cng d dng v nhanh chng b oxy ha, cht lng thc n cng gim. Vitamin A, D v - Carotene u khng hin din c 2 loi cm trn. Nguyn nhn l do trong qu trnh s ch di tc dng ca nhit cao cc vitamin v sc t u b mt. Kt qu phn tch thnh phn ha hc ca cm ly trch cho thy c nhiu u im hn so vi cm sy thng thng, c bit hm lng protein cao, hm lng lipid thp s to iu kin thun li cho vic phi ch thc n.

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Bng 3: Thnh phn ha hc ca cm ly trch v cm sy

Ch tiu m th Cht bo th X th Khong Vitamin A - Carotene Vitamin D Vitamin B1 Ch s Peroxide

Cm sy (CS) 12,64 12,02% 2,42 7,35 % Khng pht hin Khng pht hin Khng pht hin 2,575 mg/100 g 9,81meq/kg cht bo

Cm ly trch (LT) 16,31 2,76% 6,74 10,38 % Khng pht hin Khng pht hin Khng pht hin 3,51 mg/100 g 5,87 meq/kg cht bo

Thi gian lu tr nh hng ln cht lng ca cm th hin qua s bin i thnh phn ha hc v ch s peroxide trong cm sau mt thi gian lu tr iu kin bnh thng. Sau 4 thng gi mu, hm lng khong v m ca 2 loi cm gn nh khng c s thay i (Bng 4). Tuy nhin hm lng cht bo trong cm gim dn theo thi gian tr mu. c bit, cht bo trong cm sy c s thay i ln hn (t 12,72 gim xung ch cn 9,11) so vi cm ly trch (2,01-1,77). S thay i ny l do cht bo trong cm b oxy ha.
Bng 4: Thnh phn ha hc ca cm sy v cm ly trch (LT) sau 4 thng lu tr Thi gian Khong lu tr LT 1 thng 10,7 0,09 2 thng 10,7 0,08 3 thng 10,7 0,02 4 thng 10,5 0,11 CS 7,14 0,01 8,19 0,87 7,54 0,10 7,86 0,01 m th LT 15,6 0,05 16,1 0,21 15,9 0,23 16,1 0,27 CS 11,9 0,40 12,4 0,60 11,6 0,52 11,6 0,50 Cht bo th LT 2,01 0,00 1,95 0,04 1,91 0,05 1,77 0,14 CS 12,7 0,99 10,3 2,57 9,85 0,15 9,11 0,17

Ch s Peroxide (PV) ca c hai loi cm u tng dn theo thi gian tr mu, PV ca cm ly trch t 5,87 ln n 11,1 meq/kg sau 4 thng lu tr. Trong khi ga tr ny cm sy tng t 9,81 n 45,7 meq/kg. Sau 2 thng lu tr ch s PV trong cm sy tng rt cao (35 meq/kg). S d ch s ny tng nhanh t ngt l do hm lng cht bo trong cm sy cao (12,75%).
Bng 5: Ch s Peroxide (meq/kg) ca cm sy v cm ly trch sau 4 thng lu tr

Thi gian lu tr 1 thng 2 thng 3 thng 4 thng

Cm ly trch 5,87 9,90 12,8 11,1

Cm sy 9,81 35,0 40,9 45,7

Theo Hiroshi (1987), cht bo c hm lng di 10 meq/kg c xem l tt, trn 15 meq/kg l khng tt cho thc n thy sn. Khi ch s ny tng ln trn 20 meq/kg th thc n s c mi hi du. Kt qu phn tch cm ly trch v cm sy sau thi gian lu tr 4 thng cho thy cm ly trch c ch s PV di 15 meq/kg, v vy thi gian bo qun v s dng ca cm ly trch lu hn so vi cm sy thng thng. S oxy ha cht bo trong thc n khng ch lm gim cht lng dinh dng ca thc n nh: gim lng acid bo cn thit cho ng vt thy sn, thc n c mi hi, v kh n, nh hng n s bt mi, hiu qu s dng thc n, mt s dng
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cht cn thit b phn hy (Vitamin A, B6, C, D, E v carotenoid). Ngoi ra, qu trnh oxy ha to ra cc sn phm nh andehyt, ketons ... l nhng cht gy c cho ng vt thy sn (Forster, 1999). nh hng ca thc n b oxy c nghin cu trn nhiu i tng thy sn nh c chp v c da trn (NRC, 1993). 3.2 nh gi tiu ha cm sy v cm ly trch ca c Tra v c R phi c Tra, kh nng tiu ha cm ly trch (49,2%) cao hn so vi cm sy (42,6%). Tuy nhin, s khc bit ny khng c ngha thng k (P>0,05). Kh nng tiu ha protein v nng lng gia hai loi cm l tng ng nhau. Tiu ha protein trong khong t 66,7 67,2%, tiu ha nng lng 63,4-64,5%.
Bng 6: Kh nng tiu ha hai loi cm ca c Tra

Loi Cm Cm ly trch Cm sy

ADC (%) 49,2 5,2a 42,6 4,7a

ADCCP (%) ADCGE (%) 67,2 7,1a 63,4 3,04 a 66,7 14,5a 64,5 3,56 a

Gi tr th hin l s trung bnh v lch chun Cc gi tr trn cng mt ct c cc ch ci khc nhau th khc bit c ngha thng k (P<0.05)

i vi c R phi, kh nng tiu ha cm ly trch (61,1%) cao hn cm sy (48,6%) v khc bit c ngha thng k (P<0,05). Tng t, tiu ha nng lng i vi cm ly trch cng cao hn cm sy. Kh nng tiu ha protein ca c i vi hai loi cm ny tng ng nhau (75,4 v 77,4%).
Bng 7: Kh nng tiu ha hai loi cm ca c R phi

Loi cm Cm ly trch Cm sy

ADC (%) 61,1 2,3b 48,6 6,3a

ADCCP (%) 75,4 4,1a 77,4 7,4a

ADCGE (%) 57.9 4,88a 65,6 1,8 b

Gi tr th hin l s trung bnh v lch chun Cc gi tr trn cng mt ct c cc ch ci khc nhau th khc bit c ngha thng k (P<0.05)

nh gi gi tr dinh dng ca nguyn liu khng ch da vo thnh phn ha hc ca n m cn ph thuc vo kh nng tiu ha, hp thu cc cht dinh dng v nng lng ca c t ngun nguyn liu . Kh nng tiu ha mt loi nguyn liu ca ng vt thy sn ph thuc vo c im tiu ha ca tng loi (NRC, 1993). Kt qu nghin cu kh nng tiu ha cm ly trch ca c hai loi c u cao hn cm sy, c bit l c R phi. Nhng tiu ha m ca hai loi cm ny khc bit khng c ngha. Kt qu th nghim cng cho thy c R phi s dng cm hiu qu hn c Tra, c bit l cm ly trch. Kh nng tiu ha cm ca ng vt thy sn c nghin cu trn nhiu i tng thy sn. i vi c m (Cromileptes altivelis), kh nng tiu ha cm ADC (%) ch l 22,2%, ADCCP (%) 59,5% v ADCGE (%) l 44,3% (Laining et al, 2003), c tr trng (Clarias batratus) ADC (%) l 61,9% v c tr phi (C. gariepinus) l 66,5% (Usnami, 2003). Kh nng tiu ha cm go ca ng vt thy sn thp hn so vi mt s ngun nguyn liu cung cp nng lng khc do hm lng x cao. Law (1986) cho bit ngay c c trm (Ctenopharyngodon idiella) kh nng tiu ha cm go cng rt thp, nh hn 50%. i vi tiu ha
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protein ca cm, c chp c kh nng tiu ha protein ca cm kh cao 89,5%, trong khi c trm c l 71,1% v c nheo M l 71% (Hepher, 1988). 3.3 nh gi kh nng s dng cm ly trch du lm thc n nui c Tra v c R phi i vi c Tra, t l sng ca c tt c cc nghim thc sau thi gian th nghim rt cao, 96,7-100%. iu ny cho thy trong qua trnh ly trch cht bo t cm khng cn tn lu cc ha cht gy nh hng n tnh trng sc khe ca c. Khi lng cui (Wf) v tc tng trng ngy (DWG) ca c cc nghim thc cha cm ly trch t 30 n 60% cao hn so vi c nghim thc 30, 40 v 50% cm sy (Bng 8). Wf v DWG ca c nghim thc cm sy 60% t cao nht. Tuy nhin, s khc bit v tng trng ca c gia cc nghim thc l khng c ngha thng k (P > 0,05). Hay ni cch khc, hai loi cm vi cc mc khc nhau (30-60%) trong thc n khng nh hng n tng trng ca c Tra. H s thc n (FCR) thp nht nghim thc cm ly trch 30% (2,67) v cao nht nghim thc ly trch 60% (3,99). cc nghim thc khi hm lng cm trong thc n tng th FCR tng. Tuy nhin FCR cc nghim thc khng c s khc bit (P>0,05).
Bng 8: Khi lng u (Wi), khi lng cui (Wf), tc tng trng ngy (DWG), h s thc n (FCR) v t l sng (SR) ca c Tra

Nghim thc Wi (g) LT 30 66,56 2,36a LT 40 68,444,51a LT 50 65,334,83a LT 60 67,334,15a CS 30 68,725,66a CS 40 67,727,62a CS 50 66,614,00a CS 60 66,416,50a

Wf (g) 1015,3a 96,33,2a 97,26,6a 99,33,7a 91,814,0a 89,810,0a 92,08,6a 10719,3a

DWG (g/day) 0,380,05a 0,310,05a 0,350,03a 0,360,02a 0,260,11a 0,250,05a 0,280,07a 0,450,15a

SR (%) 97,81,9a 98,91,9a 98,91,9a 100,0a 100,0a 100,0a 98,91,9a 96,75,8a

FCR 2,67 0,15a 2,87 0,10a 3,11 0,72a 3,99 0,37a 3,19 0,82a 3,36 0,52a 3,57 0,37a 2,78 0,46a

Gi tr th hin l s trung bnh v lch chun Cc gi tr trn cng mt ct c cc ch ci khc nhau th khc bit c ngha thng k (P<0.05)

i vi c R phi, t l sng ca c cc nghim thc dao ng trong khong 81,7- 93,3% v khc bit khng c ngha gia cc nghim thc (Bng 9). iu ny mt ln na khng nh c th s dng cm ly trch n mc 60% cng khng c nh hng n t l sng ca c. Sinh trng ca c R phi cc nghim thc cm ly trch (0,44 0,76 g/ngy) cao hn so vi cc nghim thc cm sy (0,43 0,47). c bit i vi cm ly trch khi hm lng cm tng t 30 60% sinh trng ca c cng gia tng. iu ny hon ton ph hp vi tp tnh n ca c R phi, c R phi l loi n tp, c kh nng s dng tt ngun dinh dng t thc vt. Thm vo , kh nng tiu ha cm ly trch ca c R phi l rt tt v cao hn cm sy (mc 3.2). Tng ng vi sinh trng, FCR cc nghim thc cm ly trch thp hn cm sy. FCR l mt ch s quan trng trong nh gi cht lng thc n, khi FCR thp ng ngha vi hiu qu s dng thc n cao v lng cht thi ra mi trng t. V vy, vic s dng cm ly trch l hiu qu khng ch c

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ngha v mt tng trng ca c m cn c ngha v vic hn ch nhim mi trng nui.

Bng 9: Khi lng u (Wi), khi lng cui (Wf), tc tng trng ngy (DWG), h s thc n (FCR) v t l sng (SR) ca c Tra

Nghim thc LT30 LT40 LT50 LT60 CS30 CS40 CS50 CS60

Wi (g) 19,420,18a 19,430,15a 19,400,17a 19,500,23a 19,50 0,10a 19,470,03a 19,520,18a 19,420,16a

Wf (g) 46,052,01a 53,155,30b 56,881,97b 65,281,80c 45,893,72a 45,361,91a 46,571,68a 47,871,36a

DWG (g/ngy) 0,440,03a 0,560,09b 0,620,03b 0,760,03c 0,440,06a 0,430,03a 0,450,03a 0,470,02a

FCR 4,05 0,17d 3,33 0,44bc 2,91 0,09ab 2,59 0,26a 3,90 0,42d 3,81 0,17cd 3,85 0,28d 3,59 0,11cd

SR (%) 81,712,6a 80,05,00a 90,05,00a 88,32,89a 88,37,64a 85,013,2a 91,75,77a 93,37,64a

Gi tr th hin l s trung bnh v lch chun Cc gi tr trn cng mt ct c cc ch ci khc nhau th khc bit c ngha thng k (P<0.05)

4 KT LUN V XUT 4.1 Kt lun Cm ly trch du (Calofic Cm Vng) c hm lng protein cao (16,3 %) v hm lng lipid thp (2,76%) thch hp cho vic phi trn lm thc n cho c. Sau 4 thng bo qun cm vn c th s dng tt, ch s oxy ha (PV) l 11,1 meq/kg. tiu ha cm ly trch ca c Tra v c R phi u cao hn so vi cm sy, c bit c R phi tiu ha cm ly trch cao hn v khc bit c ngha (61,1%) so vi cm sy (48,6%). C tra c th s dng tt c hai loi cm ly trch v cm sy ti mc hm lng cm trong thc n chim 60%. Trong khi , c R phi s dng cm ly trch tt hn cm sy, mc cm ly trch 60% trong cng thc thc n cho sinh trng cao nht v FCR thp nht. Kt qu nghin cu ny khng nh c th s dng tt cm ly trch lm thc n cho c. 4.2 xut Cn tip tc nghin cu nh gi mc nh hng ca cm sy v cm ly trch sau mt thi gian bo qun lu trn 2 thng ln t l sng, sinh trng, FCR v cht lng c nui trong iu kin thc t t khuyn co vic s dng cm trong nui thy sn. TI LIU THAM KHO
AOAC (2000), Official Methods of Analysis. Association of Official Analytical Chemists. Arlington. VA. Froster, 1999. A note on method of calculating digestibility coefficients of nutrition proveded by single ingredients to feeds of aquatic animals . Aquaculture nutrition. 5, pp 143-145. Hepher. B, 1988. Nutrition of pond fishs. Cambridge University Press. 141 pp

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Laining. A, Rachmansyah, Taufik and Williams .K, 2003. Apparent digestibility of selected feed ingredients for humback grouper, Cromileptes altivelis. Aquaculture Volum 218: 14, pp 529 538. Law. A.T, 1986. Digestibility of low cost ingredients pelleted feed of Grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella). Aquaculture Volum 51:2, pp 97-103. NRC (Nation Reseach Council), 1993. Nutrient requirements of fishes. National Academic Press, Washington, USA, 114p. Trn Vn Nh, 2005. nh gi vic s dng cc ngun nguyn liu a phng lm thc n nui c Tra (Pangasius hypophthalmus) trong b An Giang. Lun vn tt nghip Thc s - i hc Cn Th. Usnami.N, 2003. Nutrition digestibility studies in Heteropneustes fosilis, Clarias bachatus, Clarias gariepinus. Aquaculture Research 34, pp 1247 1253. Hirosi.H, 1987. Laboratory manual on analytical methods and procedures for fish and fish products. Marine Fisheries research Deparment Southeast Asian Fisheries Develpoment Center. Singapore: 87 pp

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