CC HM X L S TRONG SQL

1/- Hm ABS :
Vi c php hm ABS c kt qu tr v l tr tuyt i (absolute) ca mt s bt k.
Kt qu tr v lun lun l mt s dng.
C php :
SELECT ABS(NUM_EXPR1),ABS(NUMBER_EXPR2),....
[NUMBER_EXRP1,NUMBER_EXPR2 l s mun tr v gi tr tuyt i]
V d :
Ly tr tuyt i ca hai s : 1234.56 v -1234.56
SELECT ABS(1234.56), ABS(-1234.56)
Kt qu:
--------------------------1234.56

1234.56

2/- Hm PI :
Vi c php n gin ca hm PI c kt qu tr v l gi tr ca hng s pi trong ton
hc.
C php :
SELECT PI()
Kt qu:
--------------------------3.1415926535897931

3/- Hm POWER :

Vi c php hm POWER c kt qu tr v l php tnh ly tha ca mt s bt k no

theo mt s m ch nh.
C php :
SELECT POWER(NUMBER_EXPR1,Y1),POWER(NUMBER_EXPR2,Y2),...
[NUMBER_EXPR1,NUMBER_EXPR2 l s mun tnh ly tha]
[Y1,Y2 l s m -- mt s dng thc hin php ly tha.]
V d:
SELECT POWER(5,2),POWER(2,3)
Kt qu:
-----------------25

4/- Hm RAND :
Vi c php hm RAND c kt qu tr v l mt s thc ngu nhin( l mt s thc
dng c min gi tr t 0 n 1) m h thng Microsoft SQL Server t ng to ra
m bo khng trng lp.
C php :
SELECT RAND(NUMBER_EXPR1),RAND(NUMBER_EXPR2),...
[NUMBER_EXPR1,NUMBER_EXPR2 l mt gi tr s nguyn c phm vi khng vt qu
phm vi ca kiu d liu int lm gi tr ngun cho h thng to ra s ngu nhin.]
V d:
SELECT RAND(15),RAND(2)
Kt qu:
----------------------------------------0.71385285481053828 | 0.7136106261841817

5/- Hm ROUND :
Vi c php hm ROUND c kt qu tr v l mt s c lm trn.
C php:
SELECT ROUND(NUMBER_EXPR1,Y1),ROUND(NUMBER_EXPR2,Y2),...
[NUMBER_EXPR1,NUMBER_EXPR2 l s mun lm trn c kiu d liu l s thc.]
[Y1,Y2 l mt s nguyn m hoc dng dng ch nh v tr mun lm trn, c
tnh t v tr du chm thp phn.]
V d:
SELECT ROUND(123.4567,2),ROUND(123.4567,0),ROUND(123.4567,-1)
Kt qu:
----------------------------------------123.4600 | 123.0000 | 120.0000

6/- Hm SIGN :
Vi c php hm SIGN c kt qu tr v l mt con s quy nh du ca biu thc s.
Kt qu tr v l 1 nu biu thc s dng, l -1 nu biu thc s m, l 0 nu biu
thc s bng khng.
C php :
SELECT SIGN(NUMBER_EXPR1),SIGN(NUMBER_EXPR2),...
[NUMBER_EXPR1,NUMBER_EXPR2,... l s mun kim tra du]
V d:
SELECT SIGN(-123.45),SIGN(123),SIGN(0)
Kt qu:
---------------------------------------------1.00

7/- Hm SQRT :
Vi c php hm SQRT dng thc hin vic tnh cn bc hai ca mt s dng bt
k. Kt qu tr v l mt s dng.
C php :
SELECT SQRT(NUMBER_EXPR1),SQRT(NUBER_EXPR2),...
[NUMBER_EXPR1,NUMBER_EXPR2,... l s mun tnh cn bc hai]
V d:
SELECT SQRT(9),SQRT(5)
Kt qu:
--------------------------------------3.0

2.2360679774997898

8/Hm FLOOR:
Vi c php hm FLOOR dng tm s nguyn ln nht nh hn hoc bng gi tr
C php:
SELECT FLOOR(NUMBER_EXPR1),FLOOR(NUMBER_EXPR2),...
[NUMBER_EXPR1 l s mun tm gi tr s nguyn ln nht hoc bng]
V d:
SELECT FLOOR(12.3),FLOOR(23.45)
Kt qu:
---------------------------------------12

23

9/Hm CEILING:
Vi c php hm CEILING dng tm s nguyn ln nht ln hn hoc bng gi tr.

C php:
SELECT CEILING(NUMBER_EXPR1),CEILING(NUMBER_EXPR2)
V d:
SELECT CEILING(12.3),CEILING(23.45)
C php:
---------------------------------------13

24