TI LIU N TP HOC K II HA 10 ( Phn nhn bit)

Gii 0. Bn d H2SO4 ln lt vo tng dung dch l no c kh mi sc bay ra th l dng Na2SO3 ,l khng c hin tng j l l ng dung dch NaHSO4 l ch thy mi kh thot ra l l ng KHCO3 v Mg(HCO3)2 l c kh bay ra v c kt ta th n dng Ba(HCO3)2 khi ta cho NaSO3 vo 2 l ng KHCO3 v Mg(HCO3)2 l no xut hin kt ta th l ng Mg(HCO3)2 pt bn t vjt nh 1. Phn bit cc kh: a. cc kh CO2, SO2, SO3, O2, O3 b.cc kh O2, Cl2, HCl , SO2, H2 c. H2S, O3, Cl2, H2, CO 2. Phn bit cc dung dch ( thuc th khng hn ch. Dng cht no th cng c) a. Na2SO3, K2CO3,NaCl, Na2SO4, KNO3 b,CuSO4, Al(NO3)3, MgCl2, KHSO4, HCl c. K2S, NaHCO3, NH4NO3, KCl, KHSO4 3. (bi ny c hn ch thuc th): a. Ch dng axit HCl long phn bit 4 cht bt : NaCl, Na2CO3, BaCO3, BaSO4 b. Ch c H2O, CO2, l nung in hy trnh by cch nhn bit 6 l bt trng: NaCl, Na2SO4, CaCO3, Al2O3, Na2CO3, BaSO4 c, Khng dng thuc th, hy nhn bit.: NaCl, K2CO3, Na2SO4, HCl, BaCl2 Gii 1a)Cho hn hp kh vo dd Br2 th S02 s b hp thu lm Br2 mt mu. S02+Br2+2H20=>2HBr+H2S04 Dng nc vo hn hp kh trn sau dng qu tm th. +Qu tm ha l S03 S03+H20=>H2S04 +Qu tm ha hng l C02 C02+H20<=>H2C03 Tip tc cho hn hp kh 02 v 03 vo dd KI d th 03 s b gi li gii phng cht rn mu tm en l iot. 03+2KI+H20=>2KOH+02+I2 _02 khng phn ng s bay ra ngoi. b)Dng kh S02 vo dd brom th S02 s b hp th S02+Br2+2H20=>2HBr+H2S04 Dng qu m phn bit cc kh 02,Cl2,HCl,H2 +Qu tm mt mu l kh clo Cl2+H20<=>HCl+HCl0 +Qu tm chuyn sang l dd HCl +Qu tm khng i mu l 02,H2 Dng Cu0 nung nng vo hn hp kh H2,02 th H2 s b gi li chuyn Cu0 mu en thnh Cu

mu Cu0+H2=>Cu+H20 Oxi khng phn ng nn s bay ra ngoi. c)Dng dd Pb(N03)2 vo hn hp kh th H2S s b hp th to kt ta en PbS Pb(N03)2+H2S=>2HN03+PbS Hn hp kh cn li cho i qua dd KI d th 03 s b hp th to thnh cht rn c mu en tm iot. 03+2KI+H20=>2KOH+I2+02 Dng qu tm m vo hn hp 3 kh th Cl2 s b hp th lm mt mu qu tm. Cl2+H20<=>HCl+HCl0 Qu khng i mu l C0,H2 Cui cng dng tn m cho vo hn hp C0 v H2 +Kh no chy vi ngn la mu xanh l H2 +Kh no lm tn dim pht tt l C0. 2a)Ly mu th ca 5 ddch: _Dng qu tm phn bit 5 mu th: +Qu tm ha xanh l ddNa2S03,K2C03(nhm I) +Qu tm khng i mu l dd NaCl,KN03,Na2S04(nhm II) _Dng dd HCl phn bit 2 mu th nhm I: +Mu th xut hin si bt kh mi hc l Na2S03 Na2S03+2HCl=>2NaCl+H20+S02 +Mu th xut hin si bt kh khng mi l Na2C03 Na2C03+2HCl=>2NaCl+H20+C02 _Dng dd BaCl2 phn bit mu th nhm II: +Mu th xut hin kt ta trng l dd Na2S04 Na2S04+BaCl2=>2NaCl+BaS04 +Mu th khng hin tng l ddKN03,NaCl _Dng dd AgN03 phn bit 2mu th cn li: +Mu th xut hin kt ta trng l dd NaCl NaCl+AgN03=>AgCl+NaN03 +Mu th khng hin tng l dd KN03. b)Ly mu th ca 5 ddch: _Dng dd NaOH phn bit 5 mu th: +Mu th xut hin kt ta trng xanh l dd CuS04 CuS04+2NaOH=>Cu(OH)2+Na2S04 +Mu th xut hin kt ta trng l dd MgCl2 MgCl2+2NaOH=>Mg(OH)2+2NaCl +Mu th xut hin kt ta keo trng ri tan vo dd NaOH l Al(N03)3 Al(N03)3+3NaOH=>Al(OH)3+3NaN03 Al(OH)3+NaOH=>NaAl02+H20 +Mu th khng hin tng l ddKHS04 v HCl _Dng dd Ba(OH)2 vo 2 mu th cn li: +Mu th xut hin kt ta trng l dd KHS04 2KHS04+Ba(OH)2=>BaS04+K2S04+2H20 +Mu th khng hin tng l dd HCL c)Ly mu th ca 5 ddch: _Dng dd HCl phn bit 5 mu th: +Mu th xut hin kh c mi trng thi l K2S K2S+2HCl=>2KCl+H2S +Mu th xut hin si bt kh khng mu l dd NaHC03 NaHC03+HCl=>NaCl+H20+C02 +Mu th khng hin tng l dd NH4N03,KCl,KHS04

_Dng dd Ba(OH)2 phn bit 3 mu th: +Mu th xut hin kt ta trng l dd KHS04 Ba(OH)2+2KHS04=>BaS04+K2S04+2H20 +Mu th khng hin tng l dd KCl,NH4N03 _Dng dd AgN03 phn bit 2 mu th cn li: +Mu th xut hin kt ta trng l dd KCl KCl+AgN03=>AgCl+KN03 +Mu th khng hin tng l NH4N03 3a)Dng dd HCl va mu th 4 ddch: +Mu th xut hin si bt kh l ddNa2C03,BaC03(nhm I) Na2C03+2HCl=>2NaCl+H20+C02 BaC03+2HCl=>BaCl2+H20+C02 +Mu th khng hin tng l NaCl,BaS04(nhm II) _Dng dd nhm I cho vo nhm II: +Mu th cho 1 kt ta trng l dd Na2C03 v BaS04 Na2C03+BaS04=>Na2S04+BaC03 +Mu th khng hin tng l NaCl v BaC03 c)Cho cc cht tc dng ln nhau theo bng(bn t lp nh k 5 cht hng dc v 5 cht hng ngang sau loi dn) nh kt lun sau hoc hng dc hoc ngang) _Mnh s kt lun theo hng ngang: +Cht no khng hin tng l dd NaCl +Cht no cho 1 si bt kh v 1 kt ta trng l dd K2C03 K2C03+2HCl=>2KCl+H20+C02 K2C03+BaCl2=>BaC03+2KCl +Ch no cho 1 kt ta trng l dd Na2S04. Na2S04+BaCl2=>BaS04+2NaCl +Ch no cho 1 si bt kh l dd HCl(pt nh trn) +Cht no cho 2 kt ta trng l dd BaCl2(pt nh trn tng cng 3 phng trnh) Cu 3b l cu kh nn mnh cha ngh ra nhng cc cu trn chc chn ng,c yn tm i hen! Cu 4: Ch bng 1 thuc th, hy nhn bit cc dung dch sau: HI, KOH, NaCl, MgSO4, AgNO3 Cu 5: Tinh ch kh a) Kh O2 ln kh Cl2, SO2 b) Kh SO2 ln kh Cl2, O2 Gii 4. Thuc th cn dng l qu tm (khi bn nhn thy va c axit, va c baz) qu tm ha l HI, ha xanh l KOH. Sau bn dng 2 cht nhn c nhn cc cht cn li. Th d dng HI cho vo 3cht cn li cht no to kt ta vng(AgI) l AgNO3 dng KOH cho vo 2 cht cn li cht no to kt ta trng (Mg(OH)2) l MgSO4 5. a) Dn hh qua d d baz nh NaOH, Ca(OH)2, kh Cl2, SO2 p/ b gi li, O2 bay ra, thu ly O2 b) Dn hh qua ng nng , Cl2 , O2 p/ vi Cu, SO2 khng p/ bay ra, thu ly