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GII THIU V CNG TY CP-TM-DV CNG NGH SI GN

1. Gii thiu chung Cng ty CPTMDV Cng Ngh Si Gn Sitek l Partner ca Siemens ti Vit Nam v Enterprise Communications v Enterasys Networks. Cng ty chuyn cung cp, trin khai service cc dng IP PBX ca Siemens t HiPath 3000, 4000, UC...vi version mi nht. ng thi cng ty cng cung cp cc dch v khc nh: Nng cp Version, m rng dung lng h thng v y Spare Part...cho tt c cc dng tng i Siemens t th h u HiCom cho n th h HiPath Dch v bo tr nh k hng nm, hng qu hay Service on Call v c bit l x l cc tnh hung khn cp (Trouble Shooting)

2. Cc sn phm ca cng ty 2.1. Tng i in thoi Tng i Siemens Hipath 1100 HiPath 1100 l dng sn phm tng i cng nng cao , bao gm 3 loi tng i , dng cho doanh nghip c lng s dng ln n 140 my nhnh. Vi h tr ADSL , Hipath 1100 mang n cho bn mt cng ngh truyn thng tin tin. Cc tnh nng c sn , chng hn CLIP lm cho h thng linh hot hn. HiPath 1100 l mt gii php ti u ha chi ph u t, khng ch thp v gi thnh m cn rt thun tin , d dng trong vic lp rp t v vn hnh. Tng i Siemens Hipath 3000 HiPath 3000 l nn tng truyn thng chun mang n nhng tnh nng cng nghip hng u dnh cho cc doanh nghip va v nh c th phc v ln n 500 ngi s dng. V h tr bt k s kt hp no gia TDM, analog v in thoi IP, khch hng PC v in thoi khng dy, khin n tr thnh mt la chn l tng cho cc mi trng hot ng khng ng nht. Tng i Siemens Hipath 4000 HiPath 4000 l gii php truyn thng trn nn IP cho cc doanh nghip vi quy m t 300 ti 100,000 ngi s dng. Gii php cung cp mt di rng ln cc ng dng cho doanh nghip vi tin cy cao. Gii php kt hp cc im mnh ca vic kt ni mng vi s a dng ca cc thit b u cui, bao gm cc my bn IP v TDM, cc my di ng WLAN v DECT, softphone v UC clients.

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2.2. in thoi GSM Gateway VoIP Gateway VFX Gateway 2.3. Gateway v Modem GSM Modem G2403 in thoi IP in thoi DIGITAL in thoi ANALOG 2.4. Ghi m/ Th thoi in thoi cng nghip VC Log Matrix HiPath Xperssions Compact

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Bo co thc tp tt nghip Chng I: C S L THUYT TNG QUAN V TRM EBTS

1.1. Tng Quan V H Thng ( System overview)

Dimetra l mt h thng truyn thng k thut s cung cp cc tnh nng c nh ngha trong cc tiu chun TETRA (Terrestrial Trunked Radio). Dimetra cung cp mt khi nim v vng rng trong h thng truyn thng, ni m khu vc truyn tin tc RF c cung cp bi mt s s v tr vng xa c kt ni n thit b mng. H thng cho php ngi dng vi cc thu bao in thoi di ng v cc thit b cm tay c th giao tip vi nhau v vi mng PSTN bng cch s dng h thng RF. H thng RF bao gm v tr c s thu pht h thng EBTS c lin kt vi c s h tng mng Cc c tnh v chc nng cung cp bi h thng cho ngi dng c phn chia nh sau: - Dch v thoi: l cc dch v thng tin bng m thanh thoi c cung cp. - Dch v truyn d liu: Cc phng thc thng tin dng d liu (data) c cung cp bi h thng. - Cc dch v cn bn khc: Cc dch v b sung c h thng cung cp b tr thm cho cc dch v thoi v d liu v ch c ngha p dng vi cc dch v thoi v d liu. Cc yu t mng cu thnh h thng Dimetra c qun l hon ton cho php cu hnh t xa v bo tr h thng Motorola cung cp hai gii php Dimetra , cc gii php mng shared-TETRA (Dimetra-S) v gii php private-TETRA (Dimetra-P) Dimetra-S h thng nhm vo nhng c hi chia s TETRA ln m cha c gii quyt ti u ca cc sn phm Dimetra-P 1.2. Tng quan v h thng Dimetra-S

Motorola chia s-TETRA gii php mng, Dimetra-S, c da trn cc cng ngh c chng minh v c sa i thch hp h tr cc tiu chun TETRA.Cc yu t t in thoi di ng GSM ca Motorola v h thng iDEN c kt hp vi cc trm Motorola c s ca Dimetra-P cung cp mt h thng h tr tt c cc kha cnh ca tiu chun TETRA. H thng Dimetra-S cung cp cho i pht thanh v dch v in thoi di ng ging nh ngi s dng.

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SDS dch v d liu cng c h tr. Qun l di ng c h tr y cho php cc thu bao di ng hot ng lin tc khi di chuyn qua vng ph sng ca mng Cc phn t mng to thnh h thng Dimetra-S c qun l y , cho php cu hnh t xa v bo tr ca h thng. Dimetra-S EBTS trm c s c th c cu hnh trong hoc omni hoc cu hnh cho php hnh thnh vng ph sng v nng lc h tr cc yu cu ti v a l v giao thng khc nhau ca mng. Cc nhn t trong h thng Dimetra-S c th c phn chia thnh nhng nhn t cung cp cc chc nng kt ni, chng cng cung cp cc chc nng gi, yu cu kt ni h thng v nhng chc nng v qun l h thng.

Hnh1.1 : Khi h thng Dimetra-S

1.3.

Tng Quan V Dimetra-P

Motorola Private-TETRA gii php mng, Dimetra-P, c da trn cc cng ngh c chng minh c sa i thch hp h tr cc tiu chun TETRA. H thng Dimetra-P cung cp kt ni in thoi, truyn i hai chiu v cc dch v d liu cho cc mng an ton t nhn v cng cng. Dimetra-P tnh nng bao gm:

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Voice Services Data Sevices Supplemetary Sevices Dispatch Console Operator Features Dispatch Console Management Features Radio Control Management Features Network Management Features Mobile Station Features

Qun l di ng c h tr y cho php lin tc ca dch v l thu bao di chuyn qua vng ph sng mng. Cc phn t mng to thnh h thng Dimetra-P c qun l y , cho php cu hnh t xa v bo tr ca h thng.

Hnh 1.2: Khi h thng Dimetra-P 1.4. Nn Tng EBTS

EBTS TETRA bao gm iu khin v tr, h thng bo hiu mi trng, mt hoc nhiu Radios c s (BR), v h thng phn phi tn s v tuyn (RFDS). EBTS cung cp giao din gia cc n v pht thanh di ng trong h thng Dimetra v phn cn li ca mng. Cc chc nng chnh ca EBTS c lit k di y:

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C s i pht thanh thu pht Lin kt v tuyn nh dng, m ha, thi gian, khung v kim sot li Thi gian kim sot gim st cc trm di ng (thi gian trc) Lin kt v tuyn o lng cht lng [c tnh cht lng tn hiu] ng b ha khung Giao din lin kt v tuyn thit b mng "t" Chuyn i chc nng gia c s thu pht Hot ng, bo tr v qun l i l

iu khin kim sot ca BR thng qua mt mng LAN Ethernet . EBTS Dimetra-S s dng mt kt ni E1 lin lc vi cc thnh phn mng khc, v EBTS Dimetra-P s dng mt lin kt X.21. Trong cc h thng Dimetra-P SC c th c cu hnh kim sot mt BR d phng cung cp hot ng tr li i pht thanh c s, trong trng hp ca mt i pht thanh c s khng hot ng .Nu cu hnh ny i pht thanh c s cng c th c chuyn trong CNE cung cp thm kh nng.Tnh nng ny c cu hnh bng phn mm EBTS (Tess).BR d tha tnh nng i hi hoc l mt b kt hp t ng khoang iu chnh (ATCC) hoc b kt hp li hot ng, nh BR ch phi c kh nng cu hnh chnh n tn s v tuyn in c s dng bi mt BR b li.Trong cc h thng vi ATCCs nhiu, tch knh ti thiu phi khng ch c duy tr gia cc knh trn mi ATCC, m cn gia cc knh ca tt c cc ATCCs.iu ny cho php BR d tha c th thay th bt k BR b li v php BR d tha ca ATCC duy tr tch knh chnh xc.Lu rng, ch BR cui cng trong cc EBTS c th c cu hnh nh BR d tha. EBTS hot ng kt hp vi cc trm di ng thc hin cc php o c s dng trong qu trnh chuyn giao , khi kt ni cuc gi ang trong tin trnh v cc trm di ng ang di chuyn trong v ngoi khu vc bo him EBTS. EBTS Dimetra-S hon ton c qun l bi cc hot ng trung tm bo trRadio (OMC-R).Truyn thng gia OMC-R v EBTS din ra cc hot ng Lin kt bo tr (EOML).EOML l mt khe thi gian 64kbit / s vo lin kt E1 mang thng tin lin lc gia cc EBTS v cc MSO. Cc EBTS Dimetra-P c qun l bi qun l iu khin v tuyn in (RCM), thng tin lin lc gia cc EBTS v RCM din ra lin kt X.21.RCM c th ti v cc tp tin cu hnh mi cho cc EBTS v nhn c bo ng / s kin v thng tin thng k hiu sut t cc EBTS. 1.5. Equipment Cabinet

The EBTS Equipment Cabinet cha thit b RF v thit b kim sot. N cung cp cc lin kt thng tin v tuyn in gia mt t v cc thit b di ng. The EBTS

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Equipment Cabinet ch yu cha cc i pht thanh c c(Base Radio), thit b phn phi RF v Site Controller. Site Controller v Base Radio c kt ni vi nhau thong qua mng LAN. Site Controller l giao din truyn thng gia cc c s h tng mng v cc EBTS thng qua mt h thng Dimetra-p hoc EBTS v MSO thng qua mt lin kt E1 trong h thng Dimetra-S. Equipment Cabinnet cao 1.845 met, cha cc module thit b khc nhau. Cc module thit b cha trong cabinet: 1.5.1. Breaker panel

Bng ngt c t trong v tr cao nht ca ni cc trang thit b, nh trong Hnh 1-3.y l v tr trung tm phn phi in v bo v qu ti ca t thit b.mi cu dao c dnh ring mt m-un duy nht trong ni cc thit b.Cc b phn ngt mch cung cp hng dn s dng on / off kim sot cho cc m-un, cng nh cung cp t ng ngt kt ni trong trng hp ca mt qu ti in. 1.5.2. Junction panel

Bng iu khin ng giao nhau cung cp mt v tr trung tm cho nn tng ni , truy cp vo bng iu khin ng giao nhau l thu c t u ca ni cc thit b.Cc bng iu khin khp ni ny c t pha trn cng ca ni cc thit b hng v pha sau, nh th hin trong Hnh 1-3. 1.5.3. Cavity combiner

Cavity combiner iu chnh 380-400 MHz, 410-433 MHz truyn ti h thng kt hp.Combiner l m-un m rng n 4 knh. Combiner c gn kt di y bng ngt trong ni cc thit b, nh trong Hnh 1-3. 1.5.4. Hybrid combiner

Hybrid combiner cung cp ng tin cy kt hp ln n 4 my pht bng cch s dng mt cch tip cn kiu m-un, v bao gm mt di tn s t 380 - 433 MHz. B kt hp khng c hn ch i vi khong cch gia cc knh ca cc knh TX, v h tr c mt trong hai hot ng ng ten TX 1.5.5. Receiver Multicoupler

Receiver Multicoupler (RMC) l mt lp rp multicoupler hot ng cung cp nhiu cng tn hiu nhn c.Mi ng ten a dng chi nhnh c kt ni vi mt mun trong Multicoupler .Mi m-un RMC sau tng ng kt ni n mt ngi nhn trong mi ca PN. Multicouplers c gn kt di y b kt hp, nh th hin trong

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Hnh 1-3.Ty thuc vo cu hnh h thng, mt khay b lc chn trc c th c bao gm vi RMC. 1.5.6. Environmental Alarm System (EAS)

EAS cung cp mt v tr trung tm cho cc tn hiu bo ng vo cc v tr EBTS.EAS cung cp mt giao din in theo di iu kin mi trng nh nng lng , pht hin khi, v xm nhp (tn trm) pht hin. Ch c mt EAS c s dng cho mi v tr. EAS cng nhn c bo ng t cc bng ngt v RFDS. i pht thanh c s bo ng c gi trc tip iu khin v tr trn mng LAN Ethernet. Cc m-un EAS c gn bn di khu vc multicoupler , nh th hin trong Hnh 1-3. Dy bo ng c kt ni vi EAS thng qua bng iu khin ng giao nhau trn cng ca EBTS.Mt s cc kt ni c dnh ring cho thit b c th.EAS giao din vi cc iu khin thng qua mt giao din IEEE 1284. 1.5.7. Filter Tray

Khay lc cha cc b lc RF th ng nh b song cng v cc b lc chn di.Mc ch ca n l ngn chn cc my pht lm phin ngi nhn. Song cng v cc b lc chn di c mt bng thng 5 MHz. Khay lc tn ti trong cc phin bn khc nhau cho cc cu hnh ng-ten khc nhau (hai / ba s a dng v song cng/ khng song cng). 1.5.8. Analog Power Monitor

Cc mn hnh in tng t gim st v pha trc v phn nh sc mnh v nm gia ATCC v song cng.Mn hnh in u ra 0-5V cp in p tng ng t 0 - 320W. APM c kt ni vi BR1, x l cc bo ng VSWR. 1.5.9. Site Controller

TSC c sn v khe cm cho in thoi di ng.N cng giao tip vi mng thng qua mt lin kt E1 cho Dimetra-S hoc lin kt X.21 cho Dimetra-P. TSC l mt trong nhng yu cu mi EBTS cu hnh, mt s trang web c th c cu hnh vi hai b iu khin TSC nhn h thng nh v ton cu (GPS) tn hiu thng qua giao din GPS, m n s dng pht trin h thng tn hiu thi gian chnh xc cao. EAS giao din vi TSC qua giao din IEEE 1284 giao tip tn hiu bo ng t EBTS trung tm qun l mng. Radios c s giao tip vi TSC qua giao din c bn 10 Ethernet 2.

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Hnh 1.3: Equipment Cabinet T ng thit b BTS

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Chng II: THC TIN TRM EBTS

2.1. M hnh h thng cho mt trm BTS 2.1.1. H thng an ton trong BTS Chng st trc tip Chng st nh thng bng cng ngh kim c in. Cu hnh ca loi ny gm c 3 phn: - Cc u kim thu st: Thng lm bng thp m ng , ng thau c hoc bng inox. La chn chiu di ca kim cn ph thuc vo cu trc ca cng trnh cn c bo v . - Dy dn st: Dng dn dng st t cc u kim thu n h thng tip t. Thng lm bng ng l hoc cp ng trn, tit din ca dy dn c quy nh theo tiu chn quc t t 50mm2 n 75mm2. - H thng tip t: Dng tn dng in st trong t. Cu hnh ca h thng tip t ny gm : Cc cc tip t : thng di t 2,4 mt n 3 mt . ng knh ngoi thng l 14 16mm . c chn thng ng & cch mt t t 0,5 n 1 mt . Khong cch cc vi cc t 3 n 15 mt . Dy tip t : thng l cp ng trn c tit din t 50 n 75mm2 dng lin kt cc cc tip t ny li vi nhau . Cp ny nm m di mt t t 0,5 n 1 mt . c sit cp hoc mi hn ho nhit CADWELD : dng lin kt dy tip t & cc cc tip t vi nhau.

Chng st gin tip (lan truyn) Dng chng st Van La (Lightning Arrester) lp ti u ng dy vo trm ct xung in st xung t. - Dng chng st van s cp ( gi l thit b ct st ngun 3 pha hoc 1 pha ), lp song song vi ngun in ct gim xung in st ln xung t. Cu hnh ca loi ny gm c 3 phn : a) Van ct st : Dng ct x xung in st lan truyn trn li h th xung t , trc khi n c th theo ngun in i vo ph ti . b) Dy dn st : Dng dn dng st t im nt mng n van ct st & t van ct st n h thng tip t . c) H thng tip t : Dng tn dng in st trong t . Cu hnh ca h thng tip t ny gm : - Cc cc tip t : thng di t 2,4 mt n 3 mt . ng knh ngoi thng l 14 16mm . c chn thng ng & cch mt t t 0,5 n 1 mt . Khong cch cc vi cc t 3 n 15 mt .

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Dy tip t : thng l cp ng trn c tit din t 50 n 75mm2 dng lin kt cc cc tip t ny li vi nhau . Cp ny nm m di mt t t 0,5 n 1 mt . - c sit cp hoc mi hn ho nhit CADWELD : dng lin kt dy tip t & cc cc tip t vi nhau. d) Cu to ca van ct st : Van ct st c ch to t xt kim loi (metal oxide varristor mov) thng l xt km . c im ca loi vt liu ny l ch c th dn in in p cao & s tr thnh vt cch in in p thp , in p cng cao th dng in thng mch cng ln v in p cng gim th dng thng mch cng gim v 0 ( cn gi l khi in tr phi tuyn) e) Nguyn l lm vic ca van ct st : Khi st nh trc tip vo anten , hoc st nh vo cc vng ln cn ri cm ng vo ng dy h th ri lan truyn vo van ct st trc khi n n ph ti ( cc thit b dng in ) . Xung in st ny c bin in p ln lm cho in tr phi tuyn ca van ct st ngng dn , lc ny n s m mch cho dng in st i qua n xung t . Khi xung in st gim thp n di gi tr in p ngng ca van ct st th in tr phi tuyn ca van ct st s tng nhanh ngt dng ct xung st . -

Hinh 2.1: T chng st lan truyn cho BTS

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2.1.2. Trm BTS 2.1.2.1. Ct Anten Mng : B tng ly tm ct thp Bo v: S dng 3 kim thu st lp t trn ct nh v c ni vi dy dn st xung h thng tip t. 3 anten tr GSM bng tn 380-420MHz 1 trng Viba Cp feeder v ng dn sng

Hnh2.2: Anten thu pht sng tm thi ca trm BTS

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2.1.2.2. T thit b - Equipment Cabinet

Hnh 2.3 : T ng thit b

a) Cavity Combiner Nhiu my pht ch c mt anten nhng tn s khc nhau. Trm BTS ny c s dng cho GSM900(GSM900 th cc sng mang ct nhau 1 khong 25K) Cc my pht phi c ni ti combiner ny trc khi pht i trnh c vic chp mch v lm gim tr khng u ra khi cc my pht vi cc tn s khc nhau c pht trc tip ra anten

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Chc nng : kt hp nhiu my pht pht ra 1anten vi nhiu tn s khc nhau

Hnh 2.4 : Module Cavity Combiner b) Analog Power Montor y l ng h o cng sut c chc nng gim st v iu khin cng sut. Nu xy ra hin tng sng dng th b ny s gim cng sut xung bo v cho my c) RX MuliCoupler H thng EBTS gm 4 my pht s c 16 khe thi gian trong 1 khe dng cho knh iu khin .Nu knh iu khin m mt th tn hiu s b mt hon ton. Tn hiu thu v nhng tn s khc nhau , n s tch ra nhng tn s a vo my thu/pht

d) Filter Tray y l b lc cho tram BTS n c chc nng lc bt nhiu khi vn hnh.

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Hnh 2.5: Filter Tray v RX LNA Multicoupler e) TSC Dng iu khin cc trm v thng tin cu hnh f) Exciter L mt b iu ch tn hiu g) Enviromental Alarm Symstem L h thng cnh bo ngun khi gp s c mt in, thit b s gi thng bo mt in ln h thng tng i trung tm h) Ngun cho BTS Ngun chung s dng cho h thng l -48v Bao gm b ngun con dng phn phi ngun cho my pht

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Hinh 2.6: Khi bnh acquy cung cp ngun 48V cho BTS khi c s c mt in

2.1.2.3.

H thng truyn dn

Hnh 2.7: Tuyn truyn dn t Qun 9- TP.H Ch Mnh v Qun 9 Bin Ho

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2.1. Cu hnh trm EBTS 2.1.1. Thit lp cu hnh Port kt ni vi EBTS iu chnh Port trn my tnh l port2(COM2) , th trn phn mm cu hnh m khi chng ta lp t nh sn xut s cung cp cu hnh cho trm , v ta s khai bo trn phn mm cng l Port2 , sau chng ta bm OK

2.1.2.

Vo Connect Direct thit lp cu hnh cho EBTS

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2.1.3. Giao din cu hnh cho EBTS Chng ta s bm SC# help c th thy i cu hnh cng nh xem lnh ca chng.

SC chng ta g lnh status EBTS.

Sau khi nh lnh status bts, kt qu s hin ra cho thy l kiu bts no, trng thi kt ni v mc cnh bo nguy him.

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Chng ta g lnh ID xem ID ca bts m chng ta ang kt ni l tn g.

G lnh display config xem cc thng s cu hnh bts.

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y l cc thng s v Mibole Country Code v Mobile Network Code. Hai thng s quan trng khi cu hnh BTS trnh trng vi cc BTS khc s khng hot ng c. V bn di l cc thng bo Alarm do chng ta cu hnh thng bo theo mun khi c s c xy ra.

Cc thng s v Output v thng s mc nh cho EBTS.

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2.1.4. TEST th Cu hnh EBTS Chng ta s th cu hnh li Port cho EBTS Nhp lnh nh sau SC# e1config

Th phn mm s bo cho chng ta bit rng chng ta ang s dng Port no Trn hnh chng ta thy ta ang dng Port1 , v by gi chng ta s i sang Port2 Nhp lnh nh sau SC# e1config portNo 2. Sau khi cu hnh li ci g th chng ta cng phi dng 1 lnh na l lnh reset li cho my thc hin lnh xong n s reset li Nhp lnh nh sau SC# reset

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Chng III : HN V O CP QUANG

3.1. L thuyt chung 3.1.1. My hn quang 1.1.1. Gii thiu v hn ni - My hn s dng h cp quang vi nhau. - Cu to c bn ca my hn bao gm 02 cht c nh dng t cc si quang ln khi hn v 02 in cc. - Cc si quang c t trn my, cn chnh v sau c lm nng chy ra nh dng nhit sinh ra t in cc.

Cn chnh u cp chun l cc k quan trng c mi hn tt vi suy hao quang mc thp nht. My hn cp quang Type 39 c suy hao mi hn mc 0.02dB hoc thp hn.

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1.1.2. Cnh bo My hn Type- 39 l mt thit b chnh xc. Khng nn s dng thit b qu mnh v thiu cn thn. Thn trng trong khi hn ni. Khng s dng cc vt lau chi chng hn nh Freon hay kh d chy n ln my. Kh c, vt gy hi hay la Gi my hn trnh ma, bi, gi. C th lm gim cht lng mi hn hoc lm sai lch chc nng ca my. Khng chnh sa my hn. C th khin ngi dng gp nguy him khi tip xc vi in th. Khng chm vo in cc trong qu trnh h quang v sau khi h quang xong. C th ngi s dng s b thng hoc b sc in. . Khng chm vo khay lm nng ca l gia nhit v ghen co nhit sau khi gia nhit. C th b bng. Khng chm vo mt ct ca si, khng tr st mt ngoi ca si. Lm gim cht lng mi hn. Khng lm phn tn cc on si. Chng rt nhn v c th m thng da. 1.1.3. My hn Type-39

c im caTYPE-39: Hai lung gia nhit c lp. T ng khi ng hn v gia nhit. V tr mn hnh c pha trc v pha sau. Giao din USB m cp trn c th tho ra v dnh vo.

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1.1.4. Hn cp quang Chun b si quang. - Nu cn dng ng gia nhit, th phi lm bc ny u tin. - Tut ht cc v bo v, s dng dao tut thit k cho my (JR-M03) - Lau cp trn bng bng mm v cn cht lng cao ( vi tinh khit l trn 99.5% ) Ct si quang. - m bo dao ct (FC-6S) v tr m so vi li pha trc. - t si cp tut vo b cn chnh si vi chiu di si yu cu: Chiu di chun l : 16mm. - Trong khi gi si quang xung v m bo si c gi thng, ng kp gi si quang li. - n np dao ct xung khi ti khi chm ng im n (t nh np xung, ng y xung nu khng my s bt ra ). - y li dao vo, nhc np dao tut ln v ly si quang c ct ra. m bo rng si quang ko chm vo bt c b mt no.

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iu quang trng nht c 1 mi hn tt l phi ct si quang tt Mi hn ch c th tt nu nh si quang c ct ti. Ct cp cng phng cng tt .

Hn si quang. - Sau khi kim tra h quang t, chun b li cp v t cp vo my hn. - Nhn nt khi ng START bt u hn. Sau khi hn xong, m lp my hn ra. - Ch n khi mn hnh hin th dng ch B cp ra th mi cn thn tho dy cp ra.

Hn si quang v nh gi cht lng mi hn.

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Bo v si quang. - Mi hn cp quang c sc cng ko di khong 200gf. - Do nu mi hn tt s khng b t nu dng bnh thng nhng khng nn ko mnh m bo cht lng mi hn. - tng sc cng ca mi hn v bo v mi hn trong thi gian lu di th cn bo v mi hn. - Cch bo v mi hn ph bin nht l s dng ng c th gia nhit bng kim loi.. - My hn TYPE-39 c 02 bung gia nhit nn c th cho 02 ng bo v vo ng thi cng mt lc.

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1.2 My o quang - My o quang phn x min thi gian. L mt thit b dng o chiu di v suy hao ca si cp quang v xc nh cc im t gy trn tuyn ch t mt si quang.

1.2.1 Nguyn l o

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1.2.2 o si cp quang 1) Ti sao phi o kim si quang ? Kim tra cc ch tiu k thut Kim tra sau lp t hay di chuyn Ghi nhn iu kin tt nht( bc sng hot ng hiu qu , bng thng ph hp..) Kim tra li Xc nh v tr li Sa li 2) Lm g khi o kim si quang ? Kim tra thng mch Mt mt trung bnh Mt mt v v tr ca mi hn Phn x Suy hao ton tuyn Chiu di tuyn

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L thuyt o quang My o OTDR cp quang (vit tt ca t: optical time-domain reflectometer ) l mt thit b quang t dng kim tra xc nh c tnh ca si cp quang. My OTDR bm vo si cp quang cn kim tra mt dng xung nh sng, xung nh sng ny chy dc trong si quang khi gp im li n s phn x tr li, ti im cui ca si mt s phn x tr li mt s phng ra khi si, tn hiu phn x tr li s s b thay i v lng xung, cn c v thay i lng xung ny kt hp vi chiu di nh sng pht v thi gian pht xung thit b ny s xc nh c thng s suy hao v chiu di si. My o cp quang OTDR dng xc nh chiu di si cp quang v suy hoa trn ton b chiu di nh suy hoa ton tuyn, suy hao im ni, u ni, adaptor quang. N cng s dng tm ra im gy si quang trn tuyn n kim tra. Mt OTDR c cng rng xung nh sng ln th vic o suy hao v phm vi o s trong phm vi cng rng. OTDR c th o c ti nhiu bc sng v kiu si quang khc nhau, thng thng l cc bc sng hay s dng nh 850, 1310 hay 1550nm, c s dng xc inh suy hao gy ra bi cc u connector hoc cc mi hn.

3.2.

Cu trc tuyn quang 3.2.1 Cu trc thnh phn chnh trong tuyn truyn dn quang 3.2.1.1Cp quang A Cu to ca cp quang

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Cp quang c cu to gm dy dn trung tm l si thy tinh hoc plastic c tinh ch nhm cho php truyn i ti a cc tn hiu nh sng. Si quang c trng mt lp lt nhm phn chiu tt cc tn hiu nh sng v hn ch s gy gp ca si cp quang. Cp quang bao gm cc thnh phn c bn sau:
-

Li si quang: L trung tm phn chiu ca si quang khi truyn nh sng Lp ph si quang: L mt lp bn ngoi bao bc li si quang phn x li nh sng tr vo li Lp m si quang: L lp v bn ngoi bo v si quang nhm hn ch cc tc c hc, mi trng tc ln si quang. Cc thnh phn chu lc: Thnh phn ny c cc hng sn xut cp si quang thm vo theo tng chng loi c th tng cng s chc chn ca cp nhm hn ch ti a lc c hc c th tc ln si cp quang. Lp v cp quang: L lp v ngoi cng bao bc cc si quang bn trong v c lm t cc loi nha c kh nng chu ng cc lc c hc cng nh tc ca mi trng B Phn loi cp quang

Cp quang hin nay c hai loi chnh l Multimode (a mode) v Singlemode (n mode).
-

Cp quang Multimode hin nay c s dng rng ri trong cc ng dng truyn d liu vi khong cch 5Km, thng c cc doanh nghip, c quan s dng trong cc h thng mng ni b, truyn thng trong cng nghip,... Cp quang Singlemode l loi cp c ng knh li nh (<10 Micron), truyn c d liu vi khong cch khng gii rt xa, c cc n v vin thng s dng truyn d liu trong h thng ca h. Hin nay cc dch v vin thng hin nay c rt ng o ngi dn s dng nn cc nh cung cp dch v lin tc phi m rng h thng truyn dn quang ca h c th p ng nhu cu ca khch hng, do vy lm cho cp quang Singlemode tr nn rt ph dng, h thnh h i rt nhiu. C u im ca cp quang

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Dung lng ln Kch thc v trng lng nh do d dng lp t Khng b nhiu bi cc tn hin in, in t hoc thm ch c bc x nh sng Tnh cch in do c lm t thy tinh, khng cha vt cht dn in nn rt an ton khi s dng trong cc mi trng i hi tnh an ton cao Tnh bo mt cao do khng th b trch ly trm thng tin bng cc phng tin in thng thng tin cy cao do cp quang c thit k thch hp c th chu ng c nhng iu kin v nhit v m khc nghit v thm ch c th hot ng di nc Tnh linh hot do cc h thng thng tin quang u kh dng cho hu ht cc dng thng tin s liu, thoi v video. Cc h thng ny u c th tng thch vi cc chun RS.232, RS422, V.35, Ethernet, Arcnet, FDDI, T1, T2, T3, Sonet, thoi 2/4 dy, tn hiu E/M, video tng hp v cn nhiu na D dng nng cp khi ch cn thay th thit b thu pht quang cn h thng cp si quang vn c th c d nguyn.

Cp quang Multimode 4 Si 50/125m Outdoor / Indoor - c thit k i ngoi tri hoc trong nh. - Loi cp: Multimode 50/125m. - C lp v bc kim loi. - C Si chu lc gia cng tng chu lc ca cp. - V lm bng nha cng, chu lc cao. Cp quang Singlemode lun cng 8 si quang - Xut x si quang: Nht Bn - Loi cp Singlemode 9/125m - Dung lng: 8 ~ 96 si quang - Sn phm c phn t chu lc trung tm v c bc bicc b si chu lc cng lp v bng nha HDPE bn cao 3.2.1.2Dy nhy quang Cc sn phm dy nhy quang (Fiber Patchcord) singlemode, multimode cc loi u ni SC/PC, FC/PC, ST/PC, LC/PC, MU/UPC, E2000, MT-RJ/PC, dy i hoc dy n vi chiu di t theo yu cu 1m, 3m, 5m, 10m, 15m, 20m,...

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Dy nhy quang Singlemode FC/PC - FC/PC Dy nhy quang FC/PC - FC/PC. Dng nhy t hp phi quang ti thit b quang. Loi si quang Singlemode 9/125m. Chiu di: t theo yu cu. Dy nhy quang Multimode MT-RJ/PC - MT-RJ/PC Dy nhy quang MT-RJ/PC - MT-RJ/PC. Dng nhy t hp phi quang ti thit b quang . hoc u trc tip gia cc thit b quang. Loi si quang Multimode 50/125m hoc 62.5/125m Chiu di: t theo yu cu.

3.2.1.3Dy ni quang Cc sn phm dy ni quang singlemode, multimode, ng knh t 0.9mm ~ 3.0mm, chiu di 1m ~ 1.5m hoc theo yu cu, u ni SC/PC, SC/APC, FC/PC, FC/APC, ST/PC, MT-RJ/PC, MU/PC, E2000, SMA,... Dy ni quang Singlemode FC/PC - Dy ni quang Singlemode FC/PC - Chiu di t theo yu cu - ng knh lp v: 0.9mm ~ 3.0mm - L vt t khng th thiu khi u ni h thng quang - c s dng rt nhiu lnh vc vin thng, mng doanh nghip, FTTx. 3.2.1.4Hp phi quang ODF Cc sn phm hp phi quang ODF loi lpn ngoi tri hoc trong nh, gn t mng (Rackmount) hoc gn tng (Wallmount), v bng st sn tnh in hoc bng nha, dung lng 4 si, 8 si, 12 si, 16 si, 24 si, 48 si, 96 si hoc theo yu cu vi cc loi u ni SC, FC, ST, LC, MT-RJ, ... Hp phi quang ODF gn t 19 inch u ni FC/PC - Hp phi quang ODF chun gn t mng (Rackmount) 19 inch - Dung lng: 12 Si hoc t theo yu cu - Loi u ni: FC/PC hoc t theo yu cu

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Lm bng thp cng, sn tnh in Giao hng min ph trn Ton Quc

Hp phi quang ODF 12 si SC/PC Rackmount 19 inch - Chun thit k gn t mng (Rackmount) 19inch - Dung lng: 12 Si hoc t theo yu cu - Loi u ni: SC/PC - Lm bng thp cng, sn tnh in. 3.2.1.5Mng xng quang Gii thiu v cc sn phm mng xng cp quang loi nm ngang (In-Line), loi m chp (Doom), mng xng cp quang FTTH, vi dung lng 12 si, 24 si, 48 si, 96 si,... vi vt liu bng nha cao cp chu ng c vi cc kiu thi tit Vit Nam. Mng xng cp quang loi nm ngang Mng xng cp quang loi nm ngang 4 cng cp vo ra Dng bo v mi hn cp quang Dung lng: 24 ~ 144 Si quang Chng thm nc v chu ng tt vi thi tit Vit Nam

3.2.1.6Ataptor quang Gii thiu, thng tin c tnh k thut, ca cc sn phm Adaptor quang loi i hoc n, u ni cc loi SC/PC, SC/APC, FC/PC, FC/APC, ST/PC, ST/APC, MT-RJ/PC, LC/PC, LC/APC, MU, E2000,... Adaptor quang thng c dng lp vo hp ODF ni tip gia dy ni quang v thit b chuyn i quang in, adaptor quang c chc nng tng t nh mt patchpanel Adaptor quang FC/PC loi n Adaptor quang FC/PC loi n Loi u trn, vn xoy Dng trong hp ODF hoc ni tip 2 u ni cp quang Suy hao ti a: 0.2dB Adaptor quang MT-RJ/PC - Adaptor quang MT-RJ/PC

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Dng trong hp ODF hoc ni tip 2 u ni quang Suy hao ti a: 0.3db Thit lp tuyn quang

3.2.2

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KT LUN
Trong bo co tt nghip ny, em nu ra c nhng kt qu v l thuyt v nhng kt qu thc t ca t thc tp ny l quy trnh lm vic ca 1 trm BTS, cch vn hnh, bo dng v cu hnh BTS. Tuy nhin, v thi gian c hn v kin thc cn hn ch nn bn co co ca em khng th trnh khi nhng thiu st, rt mong c s gp ca cc thy, c v bn b cng lp bn bo co ca em c hon thin hn. Mt ln na em xin chn thnh cm n qu thy, c gio to iu kin hng dn v gip em trong sut qu trnh thc tp v vit bn bo co ny.

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