I. H thng ghp knh truy nhp ng thu bao s DSLAM 1.1 S khi thit b 1.1.

1 S khi

Hnh 3.1 S khi DSLAM 1.1.2 Chc nng cc khi 1.1.2.1 CLU (Combined Controller and Line Unit)
Module CLU m nhn chc nng x l trung tm cho DSLAM v iu khin kt ni n h thng qun l TMN-OS ca thit b DSLAM. CLU thc hin cc chc nng trn lp ATM chng hn nh multiplexer/demultiplexerv..v ng thi thng qua giao tip trn module CLU, DSLAM thc hin kt ni vi mng trc ATM/IP. C rt nhiu loi module CLU khc nhau, trong mng vn hnh hin nay chng ta s dng 3 loi CLU v tng ng vi giao tip kt ni mng trc ATM/IP. - Cung cp giao tip quang dung lng 155Mbit/s vi mng trc ATM c ly 0- 25km. Ngoi giao tip trn, loi CLU ny cn c thm mt giao tip quang na gi l interlink, tuy nhin giao tip ny ch kt ni vi mt DSLAM khc theo m hnh kt ni Daisy-chaining:

Hnh 3.2 M hnh kt ni Daisy-chaining

CLU cn c chc nng x l nhng thng tin lin quan n OAM. CLU thc hin chc nng nhn hoc iu phi v ng thi x l cc thng tin t/n cc module khc trong cng mt DSLAM. Cc SU trao i thng tin OAM chng hn nh cu hnh, khi ng li (reset), trng thi.. vi CLU. Trong qu trnh DSLAM vn hnh nu xy ra li v phn cng ln phn mm trn bt c module no, CLU u c th chuyn nhng cnh bo n h thng qun l TMN-OS. ng thi CLU gim st s hin din ca SU, c 300ms th thc hin kim tra 1 ln. Nu CLU khng nhn tr li t SU no trong ba ln kim tra lin tc, CLU s gi thng bo cho TMN-OS coi nh SU hng hoc b tho ra khi subrack. Chc nng Diagnostic( chun on) lin quan n kim tra phn cng cng l mt trong nhng chc nng ca CLU, c thc hin trong qu trnh khi ng hoc loopback nh v c v tr li.

1.1.2.2 SUADSL:64P (Service Unit ADSL) v POSU (POTS splitter unit)

Surpass HiX5300 H1000 v M200 thuc loi DSLAM mt cao, do ch lp t loi SUADSL:64P. Nu xt theo hng kt ni ca SUADSL th bao gm hai hng tch bit, hng kt ni thu bao v hng kt ni vi module CLU.

Hnh 3.3 Hai hng kt ni ca SUADSL hng kt ni vi CLU, SUADSL trao i d liu vi CLU thng qua giao tip qun l bn trong basic Subrack, ATM bus.

Hnh 3.4 Nhim v ca POSU module. Theo hng thu bao, SUADSL kt ni vi POSU module bng cp nhy. ng thi trn module POSU cn c hai giao tip: - Giao tip NB (Narrowband) n tng i phc v thoi POTS cho thu bao. - Giao tip NB+BB (Narrowband v Broadband) cn li ni vi thu bao, cung cp ng thi tn hiu thoi v bng thng rng (v d internet) cho thu bao. Khc bit sovi dng thu bao dng dial-up, ch s dng mt trong hai dch v ti mt thi im trn cng mt giao tip a/b. Nh vy mun thu bao c th s dng c hai loi dch v NB v BB cng lc, th cn phi c module POSU. Ni mt cch khc nu khng cn cung cp tn hiu thoi cho thu bao th khng cn lp t POSU. V s kt ni gia SUADSL v module POSU nh sau:

Hnh 3.5 S u dy gia SUADSL v POSU, u dy cho thu bao, v n tng i.

1.1.2.3 SUSHDSL:32 (Service Unit SHDSL)

Hnh 3.6 Gii php VoDSL Ging nh module SUADSL, module SHDSL cng v tr chnh gia thu bao v CLU. Tng t SUADSL, hng kt ni vi CLU, SUSHDSL trao i d liu vi CLU thng qua giao tip qun l bn trong basic Subrack, ATM bus. Chi tit v nhng d liu ny s c xem xt phn cu hnh v bo dng h thng. Khc bit so vi SUADSL, SHDSL khng cn splitter nh SUADSL. Mun cung cp tn hiu thoi cng vi tn hiu bng thng rng th dng gii php VoDSL nh hnh v:

Trong m hnh mng ti Vit Nam, SHDSL khng cung cp dch v bng thng hp (thoi) ch cung cp nhng dch v data bng thng rng chng hn nh leased linev.v. V s u ni cung cp tn hiu SHDSLcho thu bao nh sau:

Hnh 3.7 S u ni SHDSL v thu bao

1.1.2.4 SUIMAE1:16C:E1 (Service Unit IMA)

Da vo c tnh IMA (Inverse Multiplexing over ATM) ca cng ngh ATM, ng dng ca module SUIMAE1:16C l tp trung lu lng ATM t nhng trm t xa (remote) nh hnh v

Hnh 3.8 Kt ni gia tm Remote v Hub thng qua SUIMAE1:16C v CLUIMAE1NC:C

Hub thng c lp t ti nhng ni trung tm, vi mt thu bao ln hay thng gi l tng i host. T Hub ny thc hin kt ni theo m hnh sao n nhng trm xa (Remote). Thng qua kt ni ny, ton b tn hiu ATM ca thu bao (lin quan n nhng dch v bng thng rng nh Internet) ca nhng trm Remote v Hub, s c tp trung x l trn module CLU ca Hub. T y CLU ca Hub s c ni n BRAS v kt ni ra Internet hoc l nhng Sever cung cp dch v bng thng rng cho thu bao nh Video on Demandvv. V chnh v vy CLU ca H1000 thng l CLU155 :OS hoc l CLU155 :OS Interlink nh hnh sau: Hnh 3.9 M hnh kt ni Internet cho thu bao

Xt n kt ni vt l gia trm Remote v Hub: - Trn mi module SUIMAE1:16C ca Hub c tng cng l 16 lung E1 (theo chun ITU-T G703). Chia thnh hai nhm tch bit, nhm 1 v nhm 2. Mi nhm c 8 lung E1, theo th t tng ng trn module t 1 n 8 cho nhm 1, v t 9 n 16 cho nhm 2. Lu 8E1 u tin to thnh nhm 1, v 8E1 tip theo l ca nhm th hai, theo ng nhm to thnh khung ca IMA. Khi u dy cng nh vn hnh module SUIMAE1:16C cn phi theo ng nhm. V tc ti a kt ni gia Remote v Hub ln n 16Mbit/s, v thp nht l 2Mbit/s. - thc hin kt ni IMA gia Hub v Remote, cn phi lp SUIMAE1:16C ti Hub v CLUIMAE1NC:C ti Remote. Xt v tnh nng H1000 v M200 u c c tnh k thut ging nhau, tuy nhin s khe cho lp t SU ca H1000 ln n 15 so vi 4 ca M200. Do Hub thng l H1000 v Remote l M200.

1.1.2.5 SUSTM1 (Service Unit STM1)

Tng t SUIMAE1:16C, SUSTM1 cng lm chc nng tp trung lu lng ATM t nhng trm remote. Mi module SUSTM-1 c hai giao tip 155Mbit/s, mi giao tip kt ni vi mt DSLAM. Nh vy ging nh SUIMAE1:16C, mi SUSTM1 kt ni c hai DSLAM. thc hin kt ni ny th Remote phi c lp t CLU vi tc 155Mbit/s, v Hub lp module SUSTM1.

M hnh kt ni gia Remote v Hub nh hnh sau:

Hnh 3.10 Kt ni Remote v Hub tc 155Mbit/s theo m hnh Star

1.1.2.6 UPL (User Panel Label)

DSLAM nu khng c module UPL s khng vn hnh. Module UPL c nhng chc nng chnh sau: - Cung cp giao tip 10BT cho kt ni DSLAM vi h thng qun l TMN-OS. V trn UPL c n LAN hin th trng thi kt ni ny. - Lu tr MAC ca DSLAM. MAC ny c dn nhn pha trc ca module UPL, v Mac khng trng vi nhau. - Thng qua nhng n hin th vi mu khc nhau, nhm hin th cnh bo cho ton b thit b DSLAM nhng mc khc nhau (critical- nghim trng, major ln, minor nh) Trong trng hp UPL hng, c th thay th UPL cho H1000 (khe 301) v M200 (khe 203). Tuy nhin UPL ca H1000 khng thay th cho UPL ca M200, phi cng loi vi nhau. Hai loi module cng phn cng nhng khc nhau v firmware. UPL:A:M200 l loi module UPL cho M200 v UPL:A:H1000 l module UPL ca H1000. V mi UPL lu tr mt MAC khc nhau, sau khi thay th phi thay i MAC trong DHCP lc thit b mi vn hnh c.

Hnh 3.11 UPL(User Panel Label)

1.2 Cu trc Subrack ca H1000 v M200

Mi loi DSLAM s cung cp dch v vi s lng thu bao khc nhau, do cu trc subrack ca tng loi DSLAM cng khc nhau.

1.2.1. Surpass Hix5300 H1000

Nh hnh v sau, thit b DSLAM H1000 (High Density) c trin khai mng truy cp nhm cung cp thm nhng dch v bng rng cho thu bao. Thit b c thit k vi giao tip n mng trc bng thng rng v nhng giao tip cung cp dch v cho thu bao ( ti a 960 ADSL, hoc 480 SHDSL, hoc 360 VDSL). Ngoi ra thit b cn thit k nhng giao tip cho OAM. Giao tip OAM bao gm giao tip Ethernet 10BT cho chc nng gim st (TMN-OS, LCT), giao tip cho nhng cnh bo ngoi v nhng n LED hin th nhng trng thi vn hnh ca thit b. DSLAM H1000 c thit k gm 1 Basic Subrack v ti a hai Splitter subrack. Trong Basic subrack c lp cng mt s module, thc hin nhng chc nng x l trung tm cho ton b h thng ca thit b DSLAM. Splitter subrack cng vi nhng module splitter lm nhim v tch, ghp tn hiu bng thng thp v bng thng rng nhm mc ch cung cp dch v thoi kt hp vi dch v bng thng rng cho thu bao. Hnh 3.12 Basic Subrack ca H1000

Hnh 3.13 V tr lp t Module ca Basic Subrack.

Basic Subrack ca H1000 gm: - Module qut FCU (Fan Control Unit) dng to nhit cho module trong qu trnh hot ng. - Module ngun, DC Filter, cung cp ngun mt chiu cho basic subrack v module FCU hot ng. - 17 khe cm cho nhng loi module vi v tr lp t tng ng trn Basic Subrack nh sau: Khe 301 l v tr duy nht lp t module UPL (User Panel Label) trn Basic subrack. V mi DSLAM bt buc phi c module UPL mi vn hnh c. Tnh nng ca module UPL s c trnh by phn trn. CLU (Controller and Line Unit): l module iu khin trung tm v cung cp giao tip vi mng core. DSLAM khng th hot ng nu khng c module ny. Module CLU gm rt nhiu loi khc nhau. Tuy nhin mng ADSL hin ang vn hnh cho 43 tnh thnh, gm 3 loi CLU chnh sau: CLUIMAE1NC:C, CLU155:OS, CLU155:OSinterlink. i vi H1000, CLU hay s dng l CLU155:OS hoc CLU155:OS-interlink. V tr lp t module CLU trn basic subrack ch c 2 v tr 309 v 310. Trong khe 309 l v tr khng th lp t bt c loi module no khc, ch dng lp t CLU. Nu lp t cng lc hai module CLU vo mt basic subrack, trong mt thi im ch c mt CLU hot ng v 1 CLU hot ng trng thi bo v. Cn li nhng v tr 302 n 308, 310 n 317, dng lp t module SU. Nh vy v tr 310 c th lp t module CLU hoc SU u c. C nhiu loi module SU khc nhau, Trong mng ADSL hin ti, nhng loi module SU sau c a vo s dng v nhng loi ny u c th lp t bt k khe cm no t 302 n 308, t 310 n 317:

 SUADSL:64P (Subscriber Unit Adapter ADSL over POSTs) cung cp 64 giao tip ADSL cho thu bao. V H1000 l loi High-Density DSLAM nn khng s dng module SUADSL:32P hay SUADSL:16P. Chnh v vy nu lp t SUADSL:64P vo tt c v tr cn li trn Basic Subrack, H1000 c th cung cp: 15x64=960 giao tip cho thu bao ADSL. SHDSL:32 PAM cung cp 32 giao tip SHDSL cho thu bao. Tng s giao tip SHDSL trn H1000 l: 15x32=480 thu bao. SUIMAE1:16C:E1 (Service Unit for IMA for E1) cung cp giao tip 2Mbit/s kt ni vi DSLAM khc theo m hnh Cascading. Mi module SUIMAE1:16C:E1 c th kt ni n 2DSLAM khc. SU155:OS (Service Unit for opt.STM-1) cung cp giao tip quang 155Mbit/s kt ni vi DSLMA khc theo m hnh Cascading. Mi module SU155:OS kt ni ti a 2DSLAM khc. Trong mng DSL hin ang hot ng, ch s dng POSU Subrack cho SUADSL. Module POSU thc hin tch, ghp tn hiu bng thng hp (narrowband) v bng thng rng (broadband) ADSL cung cp dch v bng thng hp v bng thng rng ADSL cho thu bao u cui. Mi POSU suback (hay cn gi l Splitter subrack) c th lp t ti a 15 POSU module. Ph thuc vo tng loi mng cung cp dch v bng thng hp khc nhau, s tng ng vi mi loi POSU khc nhau. Mng bng thng hp ca Vit Nam s dng tn hiu thoi dng POTS do lp t loi POSU:32P cho Splitter Subrack. Mi module cung cp giao tip cho 32 thu bao, v vy cung cp giao tip y cho 960 thu bao ADSL th chng ta cn 2 POSU Subrack. POSU subrack ca H1000 nh hnh v sau:

Hnh 3.14 POSU subrack 1.2.2 Surpass HiX5300 M200

M200 cng l mt loi High-Density DSLAM ging nh H1000. Khe cm trn Basic Subrack ca M200 t hn H1000 nn s lng thu bao cung cp t hn H1000 rt nhiu. Do thng dng M200 nhng ni t thu bao hay cn gi l nhng trm remote, v H1000 c lp t nhng ni nhiu thu bao. V t tnh k thut cng nh nhng loi module u c th lp t ging nh nhau hai loi DSLAM ny.

Surpass HiX5300 M200 thit k bao gm 1 Basic Subrack v ti a 4 POSU subrack. M200 c th cung cp giao tip ti a cho 256 ADSL, hoc 128 SHDSL, hoc 96 VDSL thu bao.

Hnh 3.15 Basic Surack v POSU ca M200.

Ngoi tr module qut, module cung cp ngun, v module UPL. Cn li 5 khe cm, trong : - Khe 207 ch dng lp t module CLU - Khe 205 c th lp t CLU hoc l SU. Loi module CLUIMAE1NC:C thng c dng lp t cho M200. - Khe 202 n 205 dng lp t SU. Trong SU l nhng loi cp phn 1.2.1. Nh vy Basic subrack c ti a 4 khe cm cho SU, do s lng thu bao ln nht m M200 cung cp: 4x64SUADSL=256SUADSL, hay 128 SHDSL, hoc 96 VDSL. Mi POSU subrack ca M200 ch c hai khe, do cn 4 POSU subrack cung cp y giao tip cho 256 thu bao ADSL.

1.3 Nhng vn lu v h thng Surpass HiX5300

Trn mi DSLAM, M200 v H1000, u c hai v tr lp t CLU: - V tr khe 309, v 310 trn H1000 - V tr khe 207, v 205 trn M200. - Trong trng hp mun d phng CLU, chng ta mi lp t hai module ny.

i vi mng hin ti, chng ta ch lp mt CLU cho mi DSLAM, v v tr lp ca CLU trn Basic subrack tng ng khe 309 i vi H1000 v 207 i vi M200. - Nh vy khe 310 v 204 cn li c th dng cho SU. Tuy nhin trong mng hin ti, cc DSLAM ni vi nhau theo m hnh Star, trong H1000 l trung tm. Ni mt cch khc nu nh Hub b s c ngng hot ng, lc ton b dch v bng thng rng cho khch hng ca nhng trm Remote cng nh Hub s ngng cung cp. Chnh v vy, khng nn s dng khe 310 m d phng cho khe 309, trong trng hp khe cm 309 c s c. cho d dng m rng sau ny, khi lp t subrack ca M200 vo rack 19inch, v v tr module Basic Subrack cn lu : - Khi lp module M200 do tt c module nm ngang v nu lp t SU l SUADSL, th phi u dy nhy vi POSU module. Do v tr lp phi bt u t v tr 202, sau mi n 203v..v - Ngoi ra rack 19inch, lp cho 2 Basic Subrack v 8 POSU subrack. Do khi lp t subrack cn lu v tr trn rack c th m rng v sau. Khi lp t subrack ca H1000 vo rack 19inch, v v tr module Basic Subrack, cho d dng m rng v sau cn lu : - i vi H1000, thng lm nhim v l Hub, ng thi cng cung cp dch v cho thu bao ca khu vc . Nn khi lp module vo basic subrack, cn ch n v tr lp t cc SU, c th m rng v sau v c th ko dy cp d dng, khng b chng cho ln nhau. Do SUADSL phi chy dy nhy ln POSU,subrack, trong khi SUIMAE1:16C v SUSHDSL th khng cn, cp E1 hoc l cp thu bao SHDSL c ko thng ra DDF hoc MDF. Do , thng SUADSL bt u t v tr 302, cn SUIMAE1:16C v SUSHDSL bt u t v tr 317. Ngoi ra vic lp t v tr s d dng cho chng ta m rng, do chng ta khng bit chnh xc s lng thu bao hay l s trm remote c m rng sau ny, cho nn khong chnh gia trng cho vic m rng ny s l tt nht v d dng nht. - Mt Rack 19inch, lp va Basic subrack v 2 POSU subrack ca H1000. C hai m hnh u ni cc DSLAM: - Cc DSLAM ni theo hnh sao. Thng qua SUIMAE1:16C hoc SUSTM-1, Remote ni vi Hub theo hnh v H.3.16 v H. 3.17. Tuy nhin lu tng ng SUIMAE1:16C bn pha Hub th Remote phi l CLUIMAE1NC:C, v nu SUSTM-1 bn pha hub th tng ng CLU155 bn remote. - Cc DSLAM ni theo s Daisy-chaining. Thng qua CLU155-Interlink ti Hub v CLU155 ti Remote nh hnh v H.. Hnh 3.16 l m hnh u ni theo dng hnh sao, gia nhng DSLAM ca mng ang vn hnh:

Hnh 3.16 M hnh kt ni sao gia Hub v Remote trong mng hin ti.
Trong qu trnh vn hnh mng, nu mun nng cao s lng thu bao cho Remote. Ta c th vn dng m hnh u ni DSLAM theo hnh sao, lp thm SUIMAE1:16C cho M200 u thm M200 cho trm remote gia tng s lng thu bao nh hnh v 3.17 sau:

Hnh 3.17 V d v m rng thu bao cho trm Remote.