Chng trnh tp v luyn thi Ha Hu c 11

Nm hc: 2011 - 2012

Phn 2: bi ton t lun v axit cacboxylic ******************@****************** I. TON XC NH CNG THC, THNH PHN AXIT TRONG HN HP Bi tp 1: t chy hon ton 14,6 gam mt axit no, a chc A thu c 13,44 lt CO2 (o ktc) v 9gam H2O. Xc nh CTPT, vit CTCT ca A. Bit A c cu trc mch khng nhnh. Bi tp 2: Trung ho 13,4 gam hn hp X gm 2 axt no, n chc, mch h bng mt lng dung dch KOH va , c cn dung dch sau phn ng thu c 21 gam hn hp mui khan. a. Tnh tng s mol hn hp X. b. Cn bao nhiu lt kh oxi ( ktc) t chy hon ton 13,4gam hn hp X trn. c. Xc nh CTCT ca mi axit v tnh % khi lng ca tng axit trong hn hp X. Bit rng: 2 axit trn l ng ng k tip. Bi tp 3: Chia m gam hn hp 2 axit no, n chc A ra lm 2 phn bng nhau: - Phn 1: Cho tc dng vi dung dch AgNO3/ NH3 d thu c 21,6gam Ag. - Phn 2: Cho tc dng vi nc vi d thu c 22,3 gam mui. Mt khc nu ly mui Natri ca 2 axit trn (ca mt phn) trn vi vi ti xt ri nung nhit cao th thu c 6,72 lt hn hp kh B (o ktc). a. Xc nh CTCT ca 2 axit. b. Tnh % khi lng mi axit trong hn hp A. Bi tp 4: t chy hon ton 3,216 gam cht A thu c 2,544 gam Na2CO3 v 1,056 gam CO2. Cho A tc dng vi dung dch HCl ta thu c mt axit hu c hai ln axit B (axit nh chc B). - Xc nh CTPT, vit CTCT ca A Bi tp 5: Nhit phn 12,96 gam mui A ca mt axit hu c thm, n chc c 4,77 gam natri cacbonat; 13,104 lt CO2 (ktc) v 4,050 gam nc. a. Xc nh CTPT, CTCT ca A. b. Vit s phn ng iu ch A t Toluen. Bi tp 6: Hn hp X gm axit Y n chc v axit Z hai chc (Y, Z c cng s nguyn t cacbon). Chia X thnh hai phn bng nhau. Cho phn mt tc dng ht vi Na, sinh ra 4,48lt kh H2 ( ktc). t chy hon ton phn hai, sinh ra 26,4 gam CO2. - Xc nh CTCT thu gn v phn trm v khi lng ca Z trong hn hp X. Bi tp 7: Hn hp X gm 2 axit no X1 v X2. t chy hon ton 0,3mol X thu c 11,2 lt kh CO2 (ktc). trung ho 0,3 mol X cn 500ml dung dch NaOH 1M. - Xc nh cng thc cu to ca 2 axit Bi tp 8: Tin hnh th nghim thy 3,15 gam mt hn hp X gm: axit axetic, axit acrylic, axit propionic va lm mt mu hon ton dung dch cha 3,2 gam brom. trung ha hon ton 3,15 gam cng hn hp trn cn 90 ml dung dch NaOH 0,5M. - Vy thnh phn % khi lng tng axit trong hn hp ln lt ghi p n no l ng? Bi tp 9: C 2 axit hu c no mch h: A n chc. B a chc. Ta tin hnh th nghim sau: - TN1: Hn hp X1 cha amol A v b mol B. trung ho X1 cn 500ml dung dch NaOH 1M, nu t chy hon ton X1 th thu c 11,2 lt CO2. - TN2: Hn hp X2 cha b mol A v a mol B. trung ho X2 cn 400ml dung dch NaOH 1M. Bit: a + b = 0,3 mol - Xc nh cng thc cu to ca hai axit. ******************@****************** II. TON HNG S CN BNG CA PHN NG ESTE HO Bi tp 1: Cho cn bng sau: CH3COOH + C2H5OH
H ,t CH3COOC2H5 + H2O;
0

KC = 4.

Nu cho hn hp cng s mol axit v ancol tc dng vi nhau ti khi phn ng t n trng thi cn bng th % ancol v axit b este ho l bao nhiu? Bi tp 2: Cho cn bng sau: CH3COOH + C2H5OH

CH3COOC2H5+ H2O; KC = 4.

Khi cho 1 mol axit tc dng vi 1,6 mol ancol, khi h t n trng thi cn bng th hiu sut ca phn ng l bao nhiu?

Chng 7: Axit Cacboxylic.

Chng trnh tp v luyn thi Ha Hu c 11

Nm hc: 2011 - 2012

Bi tp 3: un nng hn hp X gm 1 mol ancol etylic v 1 mol axit axetic (c 0,1 mol H2SO4 c lm xc tc), khi phn ng t n trng thi cn bng c hn hp Y trong c 0,667 mol etyl axetat. Tnh hng s cn bng KC ca phn ng. Bi tp 4: Khi thc hin phn ng este ho 1 mol CH3COOH v 1 mol C2H5OH, lng este ln nht thu c l 2/3 mol. t hiu sut cc i l 90% (tnh theo axit). Khi tin hnh este ho 1 mol CH3COOH cn s mol C2H5OH l bao nhiu? Bit cc phn ng este ho thc hin cng nhit nh nhau. III. TON LIN H ANCOL BC 1 - ANDEHIT - AXIT CACBOXYLIC Bi tp 1: em oxi ho 19,2 gam ancol metylic bng oxi (c xc tc) thu c 300ml dung dch A. Bit rng: * 100ml dung dch A tc dng vi dung dch AgNO3/NH3 d, thu c 64,8gam kt ta. * 100ml dung dch A trung ho va vi 30ml dung dch KOH 2M. a. Tnh hiu sut ca qu trnh oxi ho ancol metylic to andehit tng ng. b. Tnh hiu sut ca qu trnh oxi ho ancol metylic to axit tng ng. Bi tp 2: Oxi ho mt ancol n chc A bng oxi (c mt xc tc) thu c hn hp X gm andehit, axit cacboxylic tng ng, nc v ancol cn d. Ly m gam hn hp X cho tc dng va ht vi Na ngi ta thu c 8,96 lt H2 (ktc) v hn hp Y. Cho hn hp Y bay hi th cn li 48,8 gam cht rn. Mt khc ly 4m gam hn hp X cho tc dng ht vi xa (Na2CO3) cng thu c 8,96 lt kh (ktc). a. Tnh % ancol b oxi ho thnh axit cacboxylic tng ng. b. Xc nh CTPT ca ancol A, bit rng m gam hn hp X tc dng vi AgNO3 trong dung dch NH3 d thu c 21,6 gam Ag. Bi tp 3: Chia hn hp X gm C2H5OH, CH3CHO, CH3COOH thnh 3 phn bng nhau: - Phn 1: Cho tc dng vi Na kim loi d, thu c V1 lt kh H2. - Phn 2: Cho phn ng vi lng d AgNO3 trong dung dch NH3 thu c a gam Ag kim loi. - Phn 3: Phn ng va vi 200ml dung dch Na2CO3 nng CM (mol/lt) lm thot ra V2 lt kh CO2. a. Vit cc phng trnh phn ng xy ra. b. Lp biu thc tnh khi lng cc cht trong hn hp X theo V1, V2 v a. c. Tnh thnh phn % theo khi lng ca cc cht trong hn hp X v nng mol/lt ca dung dch Na2CO3 khi V1 = 1,008 lt; V2 = 0,448 lt, a = 6,48 gam. Bit rng cc th tch kh o ktc. ******************@******************

Chng 7: Axit Cacboxylic.

Chng trnh tp v luyn thi Ha Hu c 11

ton trc nghim v axit cacboxylic ******************@******************

Nm hc: 2011 - 2012

A. PHN BT BUC I. TON LIN H TNH CHT C BN Cu 1: trung ho 6,72 gam mt axit cacboxylic Y (no, n chc), cn dng 200 gam dung dch NaOH 2,24%. Cng thc ca Y l: A. C2H5COOH. B. HCOOH. C. C3H7COOH. D. CH3COOH. Cu 2: Trung ha 250 gam dung dch 7,4% ca mt axit n chc cn 200ml dung dch KOH 1,25M. Cng thc cu to ca axit l cng thc no sau y? A. H - COOH. B. CH3-COOH. C. CH3CH2-COOH. D. CH2=CH-COOH. Cu 3: trung ha 150 gam dung dch 7,2% ca axit mch h n chc X cn dng 100 ml dung dch NaOH 1,5M. Cng thc cu to ca X l p n no sau y? A. HCOOH. B. CH3COOH. C. CH3CH2COOH. D. CH2=CH-COOH. Cu 4: Cho 3,6 gam axit cacboxylic no, n chc X tc dng hon ton vi 500 ml dung dch gm KOH 0,12M v NaOH 0,12M. C cn dung dch thu c 8,28 gam hn hp cht rn khan. Cng thc phn t ca X l: A. CH3COOH. B. HCOOH. C. C3H7COOH. D. C2H5COOH. Cu 5: Cho 5,76 gam mt axit hu c X n chc, mch h tc dng ht vi CaCO3 thu c 7,28 gam mui ca axit hu c. Cng thc cu to thu gn ca X l: A. HCC-COOH. B. CH2=CH-COOH. C. CH3COOH. D. CH3-CH2-COOH. Cu 6: X v Y l hai axit cacboxylic no n chc, k tip nhau trong dy ng ng. Nu cho hn hp gm 4,6 gam X v 6,0 gam Y tc dng ht vi Na kim loi th thu c 2,24 lt H2 (ktc). Cng thc phn t X v Y l: A. HCOOH v CH3COOH. B. C2H5COOH v C3H7COOH. C. CH3COOH v C2H5COOH. D. C3H7COOH v C4H9COOH. Cu 7: t chy hon ton 0,1 mol hp cht X l mui natri ca axit hu c, thu c 0,15 mol khi CO2, hi nc v Na2CO3. Cng thc cu to mui X l: A. C2H5COONa. B. HCOONa. C. C3H7COONa. D. CH3COONa. Cu 8: Hn hp X gm 1 ru n chc no v 1 axit n chc no (c cng s nguyn t cacbon). t chy hon ton 0,1mol X ri dn sn phm qua bnh cha nc vi trong d thu c 30gam kt ta. Vy cng thc cu to ca ru v axit l: A. CH3COOH, CH3OH. B. CH3OH, HCOOH. C. CH3CH2CH2OH, CH3CH2COOH. D. CH3CH2CH2OH, C3H7COOH. Cu 9: Cho 13,8 gam hn hp A gm HCOOH v C2H5OH tc dng ht vi Na kim loi th th tch H2 (ktc) gii phng ra l: A. 4,48 lt. B. 1,68 lt. C. 3,36 lt. D. 2,24 lt. Cu 10: Cho hn hp gm 0,1 mol HCHO v 0,1 mol HCOOH tc dng vi lng d Ag2O (hoc AgNO3) trong dung dch NH3, un nng. Sau khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton, khi lng Ag to thnh l: A. 21,6 gam. B. 43,2 gam. C. 10,8 gam. D. 64,8 gam. Cu 11: Cho 0,04mol mt hn hp X gm CH2=CH-COOH, CH3COOH v CH2=CH-CHO phn ng va vi dung dch cha 6,4gam brom. Mt khc, trung ho 0,04mol X cn dng va 40ml dung dch NaOH 0,75M. Khi lng ca CH2=CH-COOH trong X l: A. 0,72gam. B. 12,88gam. C. 0,56gam. D. 1,44gam. Cu 12: Cho hn hp X gm hai axit cacboxylic no, mch khng phn nhnh. t chy hon ton 0,3mol hn hp X, thu c 11,2 lt kh CO2 ( ktc). Nu trung hon 0,3mol X th cn dng 500ml dung dch NaOH 1M. Hai axit l: A. HCOOH, HOOC - CH2- COOH. B. HCOOH, HOOC - COOH. C. HCOOH, C2H5COOH. D. HCOOH, CH3COOH. Cu 13: trung ha hon ton x mol axit A phi cn 2x mol KOH. Mt khc, khi t chy x mol A thu c 3x mol CO2. Vy A l cht no sau y? A. axit nh chc. B. axit n chc no C. COOH - CH2 - COOH. D. COOH - COOH. Cu 14: X l hn hp hai axit hu c no. Chia 0,6 mol X thnh hai phn bng nhau: - t chy hon ton phn 1, thu c 11,2 lt CO2 (ktc). - trung ho hon ton phn 2, cn 500ml dung dch NaOH 1M. Cng thc cu to ca 2 axit l: A. CH3 - COOH v HOOC - COOH. B. H - COOH v HOOC - COOH. C. CH3- COOH v HOOC - COOH. D. CH3- CH2- COOH v H - COOH.

Chng 7: Axit Cacboxylic.

Chng trnh tp v luyn thi Ha Hu c 11

Nm hc: 2011 - 2012

Cu 15: Cho X l mt axit no, a chc, mch h. trung ha 2,6gam X cn dng 8ml dung dch NaOH 20% (d = 1,25g/ml). S nguyn t cacbon trong phn t X nhiu hn so vi nhm chc l mt n v. Vy cng thc cu to ca X l: A. CH3COOH. B. CH3 - CH2 - COOH. C. COOH - COOH. D. HOOC - CH2 - COOH. Cu 16: t chy 14,6 gam mt axit no a chc c mch cacbon khng phn nhnh ta thu c 0,6 mol CO2 v 0,5 mol H2O. Vy cng thc cu to thu gn ca axit l cng thc no sau y? A. HOOC - CH2 - COOH. B. HOOC - CH2 - CH2 - COOH. C. HOOC - (CH2)3 - COOH. D. HOOC - (CH2)4 - COOH. Cu 17: Trung ho 8,2 gam hn hp axit fomic v mt axit n chc X cn 100ml dung dch NaOH 1,5M. Nu cho 8,2 gam hn hp trn tc dng vi mt lng d dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3, un nng th thu c 21,6gam Ag. Tn gi ca X l: A. axit etanoic. B. axit acrylic. C. axit metacrylic. D. axit propanoic. Cu 18: Axit cacboxylic X c cng thc n gin nht l C3H5O2. Khi cho 100 ml dung dch axit X nng 0,1M phn ng ht vi dung dch NaHCO3 (d), thu c V ml kh CO2 (ktc). Gi tr ca V l A. 112. B. 224. C. 448. D. 336. Cu 19: Hn hp M gm ancol no, n chc X v axit cacboxylic n chc Y, u mch h v c cng s nguyn t C, tng s mol ca hai cht l 0,5 mol (s mol ca Y ln hn s mol ca X). Nu t chy hon ton M th thu c 33,6 lt kh CO2 (ktc) v 25,2 gam H2O. Mt khc, nu un nng M vi H2SO4 c thc hin phn ng este ho (hiu sut l 80%) th s gam este thu c l A. 34,20. B. 27,36. C. 22,80. D. 18,24. Cu 20: Hn hp gm 0,1 mol mt axit cacboxylic n chc v 0,1 mol mui ca axit vi kim loi kim c tng khi lng l 15,8 gam. Tn ca axit trn l A. axit propanoic. B. axit metanoic. C. axit etanoic. D. axit butanoic. Cu 21: Cho hn hp X gm ancol metylic v hai axit cacboxylic (no, n chc, k tip nhau trong dy ng ng) tc dng ht vi Na, gii phng ra 6,72 lt kh H2 (ktc). Nu un nng hn hp X (c H2SO4 c lm xc tc) th cc cht trong hn hp phn ng va vi nhau to thnh 25 gam hn hp este (gi thit phn ng este ho t hiu sut 100%). Hai axit trong hn hp X l A. HCOOH v CH3COOH. B. CH3COOH v C2H5COOH. C. C2H5COOH v C3H7COOH. D. C3H7COOH v C4H9COOH. Cu 22: Hn hp Z gm hai axit cacboxylic n chc X v Y (MX > MY) c tng khi lng l 8,2 gam. Cho Z tc dng va vi dung dch NaOH, thu c dung dch cha 11,5 gam mui. Mt khc, nu cho Z tc dng vi mt lng d dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3, thu c 21,6 gam Ag. Cng thc v phn trm khi lng ca X trong Z l A. C2H5COOH v 56,10%. B. C3H5COOH v 54,88%. C. HCOOH v 45,12%. D. C2H3COOH v 43,90%. Cu 23: Hn hp X gm axit panmitic, axit stearic v axit linoleic. trung ho m gam X cn 40 ml dung dch NaOH 1M. Mt khc, nu t chy hon ton m gam X th thu c 15,232 lt kh CO2 (ktc) v 11,7 gam H2O. S mol ca axit linoleic trong m gam hn hp X l A. 0,005. B. 0,020. C. 0,010. D. 0,015. II. TON BO TON KHI LNG Cu 1: trung ha hon ton 15,7 gam hn hp axit acrylic, axit phenic v axit propionic phi cn 200ml dung dch KOH 1M. Sau phn ng em c cn dung dch thu c m gam mui khan. Vy gi tr ca m l: A. 4,5 gam. B. 13,5gam. C. 201gam. D. 23,3gam. Cu 2: Trung ho 5,48 gam hn hp gm axit axetic, phenol v axit benzoic, cn dng 600 ml dung dch NaOH 0,1M. C cn dung dch sau phn ng, thu c hn hp cht rn khan c khi lng l: A. 8,64 gam. B. 4,90 gam. C. 6,80 gam. D. 6,84 gam. Cu 3: Cho 10,90 gam hn hp axit acrylic v axit propionic phn ng hon ton vi Na thy thot ra 1,68 lt kh (ktc). Nu cho hn hp trn tham gia phn ng cng H2 hon ton th: khi lng sn phm cui cng l bao nhiu? A. 7,4 gam. B. 11,1 gam. C. 14,8 gam. D. 22,2 gam. Cu 4: Cho 3,38 gam hn hp gm CH3OH, CH3COOH v C6H5OH tc dng va vi natri, thot ra 672ml kh (ktc) v hn hp rn R. Khi lng ca R l: A. 3,61 gam. B. 5,12 gam. C. 4,70 gam. D. 4,04 gam. Cu 5: Cho 16,4 gam hn hp X gm 2 axit cacboxylic l ng ng k tip nhau phn ng hon ton vi 200 ml dung dch NaOH 1M v KOH 1M, thu c dung dch Y. C cn dung dch Y, thu c 31,1 gam hn hp cht rn khan. Cng thc ca 2 axit trong X l A. C2H4O2 v C3H4O2. B. C2H4O2 v C3H6O2. C. C3H4O2 v C4H6O2. D. C3H6O2 v C4H8O2.

Chng 7: Axit Cacboxylic.

Chng trnh tp v luyn thi Ha Hu c 11

Nm hc: 2011 - 2012

II. TON HIU SUT PHN NG ESTE HO V HNG S PHN NG ESTE HO Cu 1: un 12 gam axit axetic vi 13,8 gam etanol (c H2SO4 c lm xc tc) n khi phn ng t ti trng thi cn bng thu c 11 gam este. Hiu sut ca phn ng este ho l: A. 75%. B. 55%. C. 62,5%. D. 50%. Cu 2: Cho 90 gam axit axetic tc dng vi 69 gam ru etylic (H2SO4 c xc tc). Khi phn ng t ti cn bng th 66% lng axit chuyn thnh este. Khi lng este sinh ra l bao nhiu gam? A. 174,2 gam. B. 87,12 gam. C. 147,2 gam. D. 78,1 gam. Cu 3: Cho 45 gam axit axetic phn ng vi 69 gam ancol etylic (xc tc H2SO4 c), un nng, thu c 41,25 gam etyl axetat. Hiu sut ca phn ng este ho l A. 62,50%. B. 50,00%. C. 40,00%. D. 31,25%. Cu 4: un nng 9 gam axit axetic vi 9 gam ru etylic (c mt H2SO4 c) thu c m gam este (hiu sut phn ng t 80%). Gi tr ca m l: A. 13,2 gam. B. 16,5gam. C. 10,56 gam. D. 21,52gam. Cu 5: Hn hp X gm axit HCOOH v axit CH3COOH (t l mol 1 : 1). Ly 5,3 gam hn hp X tc dng vi 5,75gam C2H5OH (c xc tc H2SO4 c) thu c m gam hn hp este (hiu sut ca cc phn ng este ho u bng 80%). Gi tr ca m l: A. 6,48. B. 8,10. C. 16,20. D. 10,12. Cu 6: Cho cn bng: CH3COOH + C2H5OH
H ,t
0

CH3COOC2H5 + H2O; KC = 4.

Nu cho hn hp cng s mol axit v ancol tc dng vi nhau ti khi phn ng t n trng thi cn bng th % ancol v axit b este ho l: A. 50%. B. 66,7%. C. 33,3%. D. 65%. Cu 7: Cho cn bng sau: CH3COOH + C2H5OH l: A. 66,67%. B. 33,33%. C. 80%. D. 50%. Cu 8: un nng hn hp X gm 1 mol ancol etylic v 1 mol axit axetic (c 0,1 mol H2SO4 c lm xc tc), khi phn ng t n trng thi cn bng c hn hp Y trong c 0,667 mol etyl axetat. Hng s cn bng KC ca phn ng l: A. KC = 2. B. KC = 3. C. KC = 4. D. KC = 5. Cu 9: Khi thc hin phn ng este ho 1 mol CH3COOH v 1 mol C2H5OH, lng este ln nht thu c l 2/3 mol. t hiu sut cc i l 90% (tnh theo axit). Khi tin hnh este ho 1 mol CH3COOH cn s mol C2H5OH (bit cc phn ng este ho thc hin cng nhit ). A. 2,115mol. B. 2,925mol. C. 2,412mol. D. 0,456mol. III. TON LIN QUAN TNH CHT KHC Cu 1: t chy hon ton 0,44 gam mt axit hu c, sn phm chy c hp th hon ton vo 1 bnh ng P2O5 v 2 bnh ng dung dch KOH. Sau th nghim thy khi lng bnh 1 tng 0,36 gam v khi lng bnh 2 tng 0,88g. Mt khc phn ng ht vi 0,05mol axit cn dng 250 ml dd NaOH 0,2M. Cng thc phn t ca axit l: A. C2H4O2. B. C3H6O2. C. C5H10O2. D. C4H8O2. Cu 2: Trong mt bnh kn cha hi cht huc X (c dng CnH2nO2) mch h v O2 (s mol O2 gp i s mol cn cho phn ng chy) 139,90C, p sut trong bnh l 0,8 atm. t chy hon ton X sau a v nhit ban u, p sut trong bnh lc ny l 0,95atm. Vy X c cng thc phn t l: A. C3H6O2. B. C2H4O2. C. C4H8O2. D. CH2O2. Cu 3: Oxi ho m gam etanol thu c hn hp X gm axetanehit, axit axetic, nc v etanol d. Cho ton b X tc dng vi dung dch NaHCO3(d), thu c 0,56 lt kh CO2 ( ktc). Khi lng etanol b oxi ho to ra axit l: A. 1,15 gam. B. 4,60 gam. C. 5,75 gam. D. 2,30 gam. Cu 4: Hn hp X gm axit Y n chc v axit Z hai chc (Y, Z c cng s nguyn t cacbon). Chia X thnh hai phn bng nhau. Cho phn mt tc dng ht vi Na, sinh ra 4,48lt kh H2 ( ktc). t chy hon ton phn hai, sinh ra 26,4 gam CO2. Cng thc cu to thu gn v % v khi lng ca Z trong hn hp X ln lt l: A. HCOOC -CH2-COOH v 54,88%. B. HOOC - COOH v 60,00%. C. HOOC- COOH v 42,86%. D. HOOC- CH2- COOH v 70,87%.

CH3COOC2H5+ H2O; KC = 4.

Khi cho 1 mol axit tc dng vi 1,6 mol ancol, khi h t n trng thi cn bng th hiu sut ca phn ng

Chng 7: Axit Cacboxylic.

Chng trnh tp v luyn thi Ha Hu c 11

Nm hc: 2011 - 2012

B. PHN T LUYN Cu 1: Cho 5,76 gam mt axit hu c X n chc, mch h tc dng ht vi CaCO3 thu c 7,28 gam mui ca axit hu c. Cng thc cu to thu gn ca X l: A. HCC-COOH. B. CH2=CH-COOH. C. CH3COOH. D. CH3-CH2-COOH. Cu 2: un nng 6,0 gam CH3COOH vi 6,0 gam C2H5OH (c H2SO4 lm xc tc, hiu sut phn ng este ho bng 50%). Khi lng este to thnh l: A. 6,0 gam. B. 4,4 gam. C. 5,2 gam. D. 8,8 gam. Cu 3: Khi lng axit axetic cn pha 500ml dung dch 0,01 M l bao nhiu gam? A. 3 gam. B. 0,3 gam. C. 0,6 gam. D. 6 gam. Cu 4: t chy hon ton 9,2 gam mt axit no, n chc mch h phi cn 2,24 lt kh oxi (ktc). Vy cng thc phn t ca axit trn l: A. CH2O2. B. C2H2O4. C. C2H4O2. D. C2H6O2. Cu 5: Z l mt axit hu c n chc. t chy 0,1mol Z cn 6,72 lt O2 (ktc). Cng thc phn t ca Z l: A. C3H4O2. B. C2H4O2. C. C3H6O2. D. C4H8O2. Cu 7: t chy hon ton 1,92 gam mt axit hu c n chc, no mch h (Y), thu c 1,152 gam H2O. Cng thc cu to ng ca (Y) l: A. HCOOH. B. C2H5COOH. C. CH3COOH. D. (COOH)2. Cu 8: Trung ha hon ton 3 gam mt axit cacboxylic no n chc X cn dng va 100ml dung dch NaOH 0,5M. Tn gi ca X l g? A. Axit fomic. B. Axit propyonic. C. Axit acrylic. D. Axit axetic. Cu 9: trung ha dung dch cha 18 gam mt axit cacboxylic n chc cn va 250 ml dung dch KOH 1M. Tn gi ca axit trn l: A. Axit fomic. B. Axit propionic. C. Axit acrylic. D. Axit axetic. Cu 10: trung ha hon ton 250ml dung dch cha 3,6gam axit hu c n chc phi cn V ml dung dch KOH 0,5M. Sau phn ng, em c cn dung dch thu c 5,88 gam mui khan. 1. Gi tr ca V l: A. 30ml. B. 120ml. C. 300ml. D. 12ml. 2. Cng thc phn t ca axit l: A. C2H4O2. B. CH2O2. C. C3H6O2. D. C3H4O2. Cu 11: trung ho 50g dung dch ca mt axit hu c no n chc M nng 14,8% cn 100ml dung dch NaOH 1M. Vy M c cng thc l: A. CH3COOH. B. HCOOH. C. C2H5COOH. D. C3H7COOH. Cu 12: Khi t chy hon ton 1,46g mt axit hu c ngi ta thu c 1,35 lt kh CO2 (ktc) v 0,9g H2O. Khi trung ho 0,01 mol axit ny cn 100ml dung dch NaOH 0,2M. Vy axit hu ny c cng thc phn t l: A. HCOOH. B. C2H4(COOH)2. C. C3H6(COOH)2. D. CH3COOH. Cu 13: Hn hp X gm 2 axit hu c ng ng lin tip. t chy hon ton 0,1 mol hn hp X, thu c 6,16 gam CO2 v 2,52 gam H2O. Cng thc phn t ca 2 axit l: A. CH3COOH v C2H5COOH. B. C2H3 - COOH v C3H5COOH. C. H - COOH v CH3COOH. D. C2H5COOH v C3H7COOH. Cu 14: t chy hon ton mt khi lng hn hp 2 axit no n chc ng ng k tip cn 3,976lt O2 (ktc) v thu c 3,248 lt kh CO2 (ktc). Cng thc cu to 2 axit l: A. CH3COOH v C2H5COOH. B. C2H5COOH v C3H7COOH. C. HCOOH v CH3COOH. D. C3H7COOH v C4H9COOH. Cu 15: Hn hp A gm axit hu c no, n chc (X) v ru no n chc (Y), c cng s nguyn t cacbon. Cho 25,8gam A tc dng ht vi K thu c 5,6 lt hiro (ktc). Cng thc cu to ca X, Y l: A. HCOOH, CH3OH. B. CH3COOH, C2H5OH. C. CH3CH2COOH, CH3CH2CH2OH. D. CH3CH2CH2CH2OH. Cu 16: Hn hp M c khi lng 10 gam axit axetic v anehit axetic. Cho M tc dng vi lng d dung dch AgNO3 trong amoniac thy c 21,6 gam Ag kt ta. Vy % khi lng ca mi cht trong hn hp bng bao nhiu? A. 50% v 50%. B. 56% v 44%. C. 54% v 46%. D. 40% v 60%.

Chng 7: Axit Cacboxylic.

Chng trnh tp v luyn thi Ha Hu c 11

Nm hc: 2011 - 2012

Cu 17: Tin hnh th nghim thy 3,15 gam mt hn hp X gm: axit axetic, axit acrylic, axit propionic va lm mt mu hon ton dung dch cha 3,2 gam brom. trung ha hon ton 3,15 gam cng hn hp trn cn 90 ml dung dch NaOH 0,5M. Vy thnh phn % khi lng tng axit trong hn hp ln lt ghi p n no l ng? A. 25,00%; 25,00% v 50,00%. B. 19,04%; 35,24% v 45,72%. C. 19,04%; 45,72% v 35,24%. D. 45,71%; 35,25% v 19,04%. Cu 18: Hn hp X c khi lng 10 gam axit axetic v anehit axetic. Cho X tc dng vi lng d dung dch AgNO3 trong amoniac thy c 21,6 gam Ag kt ta. trung ha X cn V ml dung dch NaOH 0,2M. Tr s ca V bng bao nhiu? A. 500. B. 200. C. 466,6. D. 300. Cu 19: Cho Natri phn ng ht vi 13,6 gam hn hp cha axit axetic v ru etylic, sau phn ng thu c 19,1 gam hn hp mui v V lt kh thot ra ktc. 1. Gi tr ca V l: A. 5,6l. B. 2,8l. C. 11,2l. D. 1,4l. 2. % khi lng ca axit l: A. 66,17%. B. 64,39%. C. 33,83%. D. 35,61%. Cu 20: Trung ha 16,6 gam hn hp axit axetic v axit fomic bng dung dch NaOH thu c 23,2 gam hn hp hai mui. Thnh phn % v khi lng ca axit tng ng l p n no sau y? A. 27,71% v 72,29%. B. 72,29% v 27,71%. C. 66,67% v 33,33%. D. 33,33% v 66,67%. Cu 21: Cho 1,0 gam axit axetic vo ng nghim th nht v 1,0 gam axit fomic vo ng nghim th 2, sau cho c vo hai ng nghim trn mt lng d bt CaCO3, Khi phn ng xy ra hon ton th th tch CO2 thu c cng t0, p c xc nh dy no l ng? A. T hai ng nghim bng nhau B. T ng th nht nhiu hn ng th hai. C. T ng th hai nhiu hn ng th nht. D. T c hai ng u ln hn 22,4 lt (ktc). Cu 22: Cho 7,4 gam hn hp 2 axit hu c no n chc tc dng va vi Na2CO3 thu c 11,2 lt CO2 (ktc). Khi lng mui thu c bng bao nhiu (trong cc gi tr sau y)? A. 7,6 gam. B. 8,6 gam. C. 9,6 gam. D. 10,6 gam. Cu 23: Khi ln men 1 lt ru etylic 9,20 vi hiu sut phn ng 80%. Bit dru etylic = 0,8g/ml. Khi lng axit axetic thu c l bao nhiu trong cc gi tr sau y? A. 30,9kg. B. 70gam. C. 76,8 gam. C. 96,8 gam. Cu 24: Mt hn hp (X) gm 2,3 gam axit (A) v 3 gam axit (B). trung ho (X) cn va 50ml dung dch NaOH 2M, bit A, B u l axit hu c n chc. Khi lng mui thu c bng bao nhiu (trong cc s sau)? A. 8,5 gam. B. 9,5 gam. C. 7,5 gam. D. 11,5 gam. Cu 25: Cho hn hp gm 0,1 mol HCOOH v 0,2 mol HCHO tc dng ht vi dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3 thu c a gam Ag. Hi a c gi tr bao nhiu (trong cc s sau)? A. 19,8 gam. B. 108 gam. C. 115 gam. D. 20,6 gam. Cu 26: Cho 14,8 gam hn hp hai axit cacboxylic no n chc tc dng vi mt lng va Na2CO3 sinh ra 2,24 lt CO2 (ktc). Khi lng mui thu c l: A. 17,6 gam. B. 19,2 gam. C. 21,2 gam. D. 29,1 gam. 3 3 Cu 27: Mun trung ho 200cm gim phi dng va 300 cm dung dch NaOH 1M. Vy 1 lt gim c cha bao nhiu gam axit etannoic. A. 60 gam. B. 75gam. C. 30 gam. D. 90 gam. Cu 28: Cho 0,1 mol CH3COOH tc dng vi 0,15 mol C2H5OH th thu c 0,05 mol CH3COOC2H5. Hiu sut phn ng este ha l: A. 100%. B. 50%. C. 30% D. c B v C u ng. Cu 29: Ly 220 ml ru etylic em ln men gim, trung ho dung dch thu c bng mt lng va NaOH, thu c 208 gam mui khan. Bit dru etylic = 0,8 gam/ml. Hiu sut qu trnh ln men gim bng bao nhiu ? (Trong cc gi tr sau)? A. 45%. B. 66,3%. C. 50,3%. D. 73,3%.

Chng 7: Axit Cacboxylic.

Chng trnh tp v luyn thi Ha Hu c 11

Nm hc: 2011 - 2012

Cu 30: C 2 axit hu c no mch h: A n chc. B a chc. Ta tin hnh th nghim sau: - TN1: Hn hp X1 cha amol A v b mol B. trung ho X1 cn 500ml dung dch NaOH 1M, nu t chy hon ton X1 th thu c 11,2 lt CO2. - TN2: Hn hp X2 cha b mol A v a mol B. trung ho X2 cn 400ml dung dch NaOH 1M. Bit a + b = 0,3mol. Cng thc cu to ca hai axit l: A. CH3COOH v HCOOH. B. HCOOH v (COOH)2. C. HCOOH v HOOC - CH2- COOH. D. CH3COOH v (COOH)2. Cu 31: Mun trung ha dung dch cha 0,9047 g mt axit cacboxylic thm (X) cn 54,5 ml dung dch NaOH 0,2M. Bit (X) khng lm mt mu dung dch Br2. Vy cng thc phn t ca X l cng thc no sau y? A. C6H4(COOH)2. B. C6H3(COOH)3. C. CH3C6H3(COOH)2. D. CH3 - CH2 - COOH. Cu 32: Trung ho a mol axit hu c X cn 2a mol NaOH. t chy ht a mol axit X c 2a mol CO2. Cng thc cu to ca X l: A. HCOOH. B. HOOC- CH2 - COOH. C. CH2 = CH - COOH. D. HOOC - COOH. Cu 33: Cht hu c X cha C, H, O. Cho 2,25g hp cht X tc dng va vi 50ml dung dch KOH 1M, X tc dng vi Na2CO3 gii phng CO2. Vy X l cng thc phn t no sau y: A. C2H4(COOH)2. B. CH2(COOH)2. C. (COOH)2. D. CH3COOH. Cu 34: Cn va 80ml dung dch NaOH 0,5M trung ho 2,36 gam axit cacboxylic A. Cng thc phn t ca A l: A. CH3COOH. B. C2H5COOH. C. C2H3COOH. D. C2H4(COOH)2. Cu 35: t chy hon ton 3,216g cht X thu c 2,544g Na2CO3 v 1,056g CO2. Cho X tc dng vi dung dch HCl ta c mt axit hu c 2 ln axit. Vy X c cng thc no sau y: A. (CO2Na)2. B. NaOOC - CH2 - COONa. C. NaOOC(CH2)2COONa. D. Kt qu khc. Cu 36: Ly 10ml dung dch mt loi gim n, thm vo vi git dung dch phenolphtalein. Thm tip t t tng git dung dch NaOH 1M n khi va ht 12ml th dung dch xut hin mu hng. S lt ru 320 (khi lng ring ca C2H5OH l 0,8g/ml) thu c 10 lt gim nh trn vi hiu sut 80% l: A. 3,5 lt. B. 2,695 lt. C. 4,8 lt. D. 12,3 lt. Cu 37: Trong 1 lt dung dch axit axetic 0,01M c cha 6,28.1021 phn t axit cha phn li v cc ion. Phn trm s phn t axit phn li thnh cc ion trong dung dch l: A. 0,043%. B. 4,3%. C. 0,43%. D. 1%. Cu 38: trung ho dung dch ca mt axit hu c no n chc X cn 200ml dung dch NaOH 0,3M. C cn dung dch sau khi trung ho thu c 5,76g mui khan. Vy X c cng thc cu to l: A. CH3COOH. B. C3H6COOH. C. C4H9COOH. D. Kt qu khc. Cu 39: t chy hon ton 0,1 mol mt axit cacboxylic n chc, cn va V lt O2 (ktc) thu c 0,3 mol CO 2 v 0,2 mol H2O. Gi tr ca V l: A. 6,72. B. 4,48. C. 8,96. C. 11,2. Cu 40: Khi t chy 1 mol axit hu c A c cng thc n gin l CHO, thu c 4mol CO2. Cng thc cu to ca A l: A. H C C H .
|| ||

B. H O C C 2 H 2 C OH .
|| ||

O O
C. HO C C 2 H 4 C OH .
|| ||

O
||

COOH
D. HO C CH CH CH .

COOH

Cu 41: Hn hp X gm axit Y n chc v axit Z hai chc (Y, Z c cng s nguyn t cacbon). Chia X thnh hai phn bng nhau. Cho phn mt tc dng ht vi Na, sinh ra 4,48lt kh H2 ( ktc). t chy hon ton phn hai, sinh ra 26,4 gam CO2. Cng thc cu to thu gn v phn trm v khi lng ca Z trong hn hp X ln lt l: A. HCOOC -CH2-COOH v 54,88%. B. HOOC - COOH v 60,00%. C. HOOC- COOH v 42,86% . D. HOOC- CH2- COOH v 70,87%. Cu 42: Hn hp X gm 2 axit no X1 v X2. t chy hon ton 0,3mol X thu c 11,2 lt kh CO2 (ktc). trung ho 0,3 mol X cn 500ml dung dch NaOH 1M. Cng thc cu to ca 2 axit l: A. CH3COOH v C2H5COOH. D. HCOOH v C2H5COOH. C. HCOOH v HOOC - COOH. D. CH3COOH v HOOC - COOH.

Chng 7: Axit Cacboxylic.