Gii tch nhiu bin s

Bi ging 8-Ton II (Kha 49)

Ph c Anh
Trng i hc Thy li
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Chng II- Tch phn bi

Ni dung bui hai/nm
Tch phn bi hai trong ta cc
(Mc 20.4)
i bin trong Tch phn bi hai
(Mc 20.9)
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Tit th nht

Tch phn bi hai trong ta cc

(Mc 20.4)

1). Yu t din tch trong h ta cc

2). Tnh Tch phn bi hai trong ta cc
3). Cc v d

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1). Yu t DT trong h ta cc
Trong h ta vung gc, ta tnh yu
t din tch: dA = dx.dy
(Da trn cch chia min ly TP bi hai
bng mt li cc hnh ch nht, xem li
hnh 20.6, trang 122)
Trong h ta cc, cc ng r = hng
s, = hng s s chia min ly TP bi
hai theo mt cch khc
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Hai cch chia min phng R

H T vung gc

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H ta cc

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Yu t din tch trong T cc

Hnh 20.17, trang 133

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(tip)
dA = rdrd
Tch phn bi hai trong h ta cc c tnh
nh sau (R1 l nh ca min phng R trong
php i bin):

f ( x, y )dxdy = f (r cos , r sin )rdrd

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R1

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2). Tnh TP bi hai trong ta cc

Thay x bi rcos, thay y bi rsin trong
hm f(x, y) di du TP
Thay dA = dxdy bi rdrd
Xc nh cn ca min nh R1 trong
php i bin t (x, y)(r, )
Tnh tch phn lp trn min nh
r2 ( )

f ( x, y)dA = f ( r cos , r sin ) rdrd

R

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r1 (

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Hnh 20.18, trang 134

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3).V d 1, trang 134

Tnh DT hnh tim gii Hnh 20.19, trang 135
hn bi:r = a(1+ cos)

S = 2 d
0

a (1+ cos )

rdr

1 + cos 2

d
= a 1 + 2 cos +

0
3 2
S = a
2
2

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V d 2, trang 135
Tnh TT hnh cu bn Hnh 20.20, trang 135
knh R

2 a

V = 8 zdA = 8 a 2 r 2 rdrd
R

0 0

2 a

1
2 2

= 4 ( a 2 r ) d ( a 2 r 2 ) d
0 0

2 2 2 2 32
= 4. (a r )
30
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r =a
r =0

4 3
d = a
3
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V d 3, trang 136
Tnh TP suy rng loi I:

I=

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x2

dx

D thy l ta khng th
tm c mt nguyn
hm ca hm mt bin
cho (mc d bit r l
c tn ti NH trn (0, + )
V th khng th tnh
TPSR trn bng Gii
hn
Tuy nhin ta li c th
tnh c I2 nh tch
phn bi hai

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Tnh TPSR I
x2 y2
( x2 + y2 )
I = e dx . e dy = e
dy dx
0
0
00

+ +

= e

( x2 + y2 )

dydx = e rdrd = d e rdr =

r 2

R1

I =
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r 2

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V d 4
Hnh v:
Tnh din tch ca mt
cnh hoa hng trong
hnh hoa hng 4 cnh
gii hn bi ng cong:
r = 2cos2
Xc nh cn cho na
cnh hoa:
0 r 2cos2
0 /4

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Tnh din tch mt cnh hoa

S = 2 rdrd = 2 d
D

2cos 2

rdr

= 4 cos 2 d = 2 (1 + cos 4 )d =
2

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2
15

V d 5
Hnh v:
Tnh din tch ca min
phng nm trong ng
trn r = a v ngoi
ng hnh tim
r = a(1+ cos)
Xc nh cn na hnh
a(1+ cos) r a
/2

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Tnh DT min t mu

S = 2 d

rdr

a (1+ cos )

1 + cos 2

d
= a 2 cos +

(8 )a
S=
4
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Tit th hai
i bin trong Tch phn bi hai
(Mc 20.9)
1). Php i bin tng qut v nh thc
Jacobi (Jacobian)
2). Cng thc i bin cho TP bi hai
3). Cc v d
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1). Php i bin TQ v T Jacobi

Xt php i bin (x, y)(u, v) vi:
x = x(u, v); y = y(u, v) l hai hm c cc
HR lin tc theo cc bin u, v
V d. x = 2u 3v; y = 3u 2v
nh thc cp hai sau y c gi l T
Jacobi hay l Jacobian cho php i bin
(x, y)(u, v)

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nh thc Jacobi

x
u
y
u
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x
v ( x, y )
=
y (u , v)
v
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o li

u
x
v
x
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u
1
y (u , v) ( x, y )
=
=

v ( x, y ) (u , v)
y
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Tnh Jacobian
Bn hy vit T Jacobi cho php i bin t
T vung gc sang T cc

x
( x, y ) r
=
(r , ) y
r
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x
cos

=
y sin

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r sin
r cos

=r

22

2). Cng thc i bin cho TP bi

hai
Thay x bi x(u, v), thay y bi y(u, v)
trong hm f(x, y) di du TP
Thay dxdy bi J dudv
Xc nh cn ca min nh R1 ca R
trong php i bin t (x, y)(u, v)
Tnh tch phn lp trn min nh R1.
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3). V d 1
Tnh TP bi hai

I = ( y x)dxdy
D

y = x + 1; y = x 3

D:
x 7
x
y
;
y
5
=

+
=

3 9
3
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Dng cch i bin (x,y)(u, v)

t y x = u; y + x/3 = v
Ta c x = 3(v-u)/4; y = (u + 3v)/4
(x, y)/(u, v) = -3/4 (C th hiu l:
dxdy = 3dudv/4; dudv = 4dxdy/3)
1

3
3
38
u

dudv
=
udu
dv
=

D 4

4
3

3
7
/
9
1
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V d 2
Tnh din tch hnh phng D:

5
2
2
y
=
x
y
=
x
;

2
D:
y
2
2
x = 2 y; x =

3
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HD gii V d 2

t y2/ x = u; x2/y = v
Ta c 1 u 5/2; 1/3 v 2
nh thc Jacobi (u,v)/(x,y) = -3
Ngha l dudv = 3dxdy dxdy = dudv/3
Din tch cn tm l:

1
1 5
1 5
dxdy
=
dudv
=

=
DVDT
(
1)(2
)
(
)
D
D 3
3
2
3
6
1
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Ni dung BG-9-TII-(Tun th chn)

Cc ng dng vt l caTch phn bi hai
(Mc 20.3)
Cc bn nn c trc hiu s lc
nhng chnh trong cc mc s hc
Ht BG-8-Ton II (Ngy 5/4/2008)
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