Kha hc LTH m bo mn Ton Thy L B Trn Phng Hnh hc gii tch phng

Download ti liu hc tp, xem bi ging ti : http://diendan.shpt.info

- Trang | 1 -
Bi 1: Cho
2 2
( ) : 1
9 4
x y
E + = c 2 tiu im F
1
; F
2
. Tm M thuc (E) sao cho tam gic F
1
MF
2
vung ti M.
Gii:
Ta c:
2 2 2 2 2
9; 4 5 5 a b c a b c = = = = =
Suy ra
( ) ( ) 1 2
5; 0 ; 5; 0 F F
Gi ( )
2 2
0 0
0 0
; ( ) 1 (1)
9 4
x y
M x y E + =
1 2 1 2
. 0 MF MF MF MF =

( ) ( ) 0 0 0 0
5 ; . 5 ; 0 x y x y =
2 2
0 0
5 (2) x y + =
T (1) v (2) ta c:
2
2 2
0
0 0
2 2
2
0 0
0
9
5
5
16
4 36
5
x
x y
x y
y

=
+ =

+ =

0
0
3
5
4
5
x
y

Vy c 4 im M cn tm.
Bi 2: Cho ng thng d: 2 3 0 x y + + = v elip (E):
2 2
1
4 1
x y
+ = . Vit phng trnh ng thng
vung gc vi d v ct (E) ti 2 im A, B sao cho din tch tam gic AOB bng 1.
Gii:
- d c phng trnh: 2 0 x y m + =
- Ta A, B l nghim ca h:
2 2
2 2
2 0
2
8 4 4 0 (1) 1
4 1
x y m
x y m
x y
y my m
+ =
=

+ = + =

d ct (E) ti 2 im A, B khi v ch khi h c 2 nghim phn bit

2
32 4 0 8 8 (*) m m > < <
- Gi
1 1 2 2
(2 ; ), (2 ; ) A y m y B y m y trong y
1
; y
2
l nghim ca (1)
2
1 2 1 2
4
, .
2 8
m m
y y y y

+ = =
2
2 2 2
2 1 1 2 1 2
5(8 )
5( ) 5 ( ) 4
4
m
AB y y y y y y

( = = + =


PHNG TRNH ELIP (Phn 2)
HNG DN GII BI TP T LUYN
Gio vin: L B TRN PHNG
Kha hc LTH m bo mn Ton Thy L B Trn Phng Hnh hc gii tch phng
Download ti liu hc tp, xem bi ging ti : http://diendan.shpt.info
- Trang | 2 -
2
5(8 )
2
m
AB

=
- ng cao ( ; )
5
m
OH d O = =
Suy ra:
2 2
2
(8 ) 1
. 1 4
2 4
AOB
m m
S AB OH m

= = = =
2 m =
Vy phng trnh ng thng l:
: 2 2 0
: 2 2 0
x y
x y
+ =

Bi 3: Cho
2 2
( ) : 1
16 9
x y
E + = v : 3 4 12 0 d x y + = . Chng minh rng: d lun ct (E) ti 2 im phn bit
A, B. Tm C thuc (E) sao cho din tch tam gic ABC bng 6.
Gii:
- Ta giao im ca d v (E) l nghim ca h:
2 2
2 2
3
3 4 12 0 (4 )
4
(4 ) 1
1
16 9
16 16
x y y x
x y
x x

+ = =

+ =

+ =

2 2 2
0
(4 ) 16 4 0
4
x
x x x x
x
=
+ = =

=

d ct (E) ti 2 im phn bit A(4; 0), B(0; 3). Ta c: AB = 5.

- Gi
0 0
( ; ) C x y , H l hnh chiu ca C ln AB
V
2 2
0 0
( ) 1 (1)
16 9
x y
C E + =
0 0 0 0
2 2
3 4 12 3 4 12
( ; )
5
3 4
x y x y
CH d C d
+ +
= = =
+
-
1 1
6 . 6 .5. 6
2 2
ABC
S AB CH CH

= = =
0 0
0 0
0 0
3 4 12 12
3 4 12 12
3 4 12 12
x y
x y
x y
+ =
+ =

+ =

0
0
0 0
0 0
0 0
24 3
3 4 24
4
3 4 0 3
4
x
y
x y
x y
y x

=

+ =

+ =

=

+ Vi
0
0
24 3
4
x
y

= th vo (1) ta c:
2
0 0
8 24 0 x x + = (v nghim)
+ Vi
0 0
3
4
y x = th vo (1) ta c:
0 0
2
0
0 0
18
8
2
8
18
8
2
x y
x
x y

= =

= =

Vy c 2 im C cn tm.
Bi 4: TSH 2002 D
Kha hc LTH m bo mn Ton Thy L B Trn Phng Hnh hc gii tch phng
Download ti liu hc tp, xem bi ging ti : http://diendan.shpt.info
- Trang | 3 -
Trong mt phng h ta cac vung gc Oxy , cho elip (E) c phng trnh:
2 2
1
16 9
x y
+ = . Xt im M
chuyn ng trn Ox v im N chuyn ng trn tia Oy sao cho ng thng MN lun tip xc vi (E).
Xc nh M, N on MN c di nh nht. Tnh gi tr nh nht .
Gii:
Gi s M(m; 0) v N(0; n) vi m > 0, n > 0 l hai im chuyn ng trn hai tia Ox v Oy.
ng thng MN c phng trnh: 1 1 0
x y x y
m n m n
+ = + =
ng thng ny tip xc vi (E) khi v ch khi:
2 2
1 1
16. 9. 1
m n
| | | |
+ =
| |
\ \
.
Theo BT Csi ta c:
( )
2 2
2 2 2 2 2
2 2 2 2
16 9
25 16. 9 25 2 16.9 49 7
n m
MN m n m n MN
m n m n
| |
= + = + + = + + + =
|
\
ng thc xy ra
2 2
2 2
2 2
16 9
49 2 7, 21
0, 0
n m
m n
m n m n
m n

+ = = =

> >

.
Kt lun: Vi
( ) ( )
2 7; 0 , 0; 21 M N th MN t GTNN v GTNN (MN) = 7.
Bi 5: Cho
2 2
( ) : 1
9 4
x y
E + = , M(1; 1). Vit phng trnh ng thng i qua M v ct (E) ti 2 im A, B
sao cho M l trung im AB.
Gii:
- ng thng x 1 = i qua M ct (E) ti 2 im
4 2 4 2
1; , 1;
3 3
A B
| | | |

| |
| |
\ \
.
Ta thy M khng l trung im ca AB.
- Xt ng thng d i qua M(1; 1) vi h s gc k, tc d c phng trnh: ( 1) 1 (1) y k x = +
thay (1) vo phng trnh (E) ta c: | |
2
2
4 9 ( 1) 1 36 x k x + + =
2 2 2
(9 4) 18 (1 ) 9(1 ) 36 0 (2) k x k k x k + + + =
ng thng d ct (E) ti 2 im A, B tha mn M l trung im AB khi v ch khi (2) c 2 nghim ;
A B
x x
tha mn:
2
18 (1 ) 4
1
2 2(9 4) 9
A B
M
x x k k
x k
k
+
= = =
+

Vi
4
9
k = , ta c
2
2
4
9(1 ) 36 9 1 36 0
9
k
| |
= + <
|
\
Cn
2
9 4 0 k + > do vi
4
9
k = th phng trnh (2) c 2 nghim phn bit ;
A B
x x tha mn:
2
A B
M
x x
x
+
=
Kha hc LTH m bo mn Ton Thy L B Trn Phng Hnh hc gii tch phng

Hocmai.vn Ngi trng chung ca hc tr Vit Tng i t vn: 1900 58-58-12
- Trang | 4 -


Vy c 1 ng thng i qua M(1; 1) tha mn yu cu bi ra l d: 4 9 13 0 x y + = .
Bi 6: Vit phng trnh ng trn i qua tt c cc giao im ca 2 elip:
2 2
1
( ) : 1
25 4
x y
E + = v
2 2
2
( ) : 1
16 9
x y
E + = .
Gii:
Gi ( ; )
M M
M x y l mt trong s tt c cc giao im ca 2 elip cho, khi ta c:
2 2
2 2
2 2 2 2
1
4 25 100
25 4
9 16 144
1
16 9
M M
M M
M M M M
x y
x y
x y x y

+ =

+ =

+ =

+ =

2
2 2
2
200
524
161
324 161
161
M
M M
M
x
x y
y

+ =

Do phng trnh ng trn cn tm l:
2 2
524
161
M M
x y + = .

Gio vin: L B Trn Phng
Ngun: Hocmai.vn
Download ti liu hc tp, xem bi ging ti : http://diendan.shpt.info