Kha hc LTH m bo mn Ton Thy L B Trn Phng Chuyn 01.

Hnh hc khng gian

Hocmai.vn Ngi trng chung ca hc tr Vit Tng i t vn: 1900 58-58-12
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CHP U

Bi 1.
Cho hnh chp t gic u S.ABCD c mt bn hp vi y 1 gc 45
0
v khong cch t chn ng cao
ca hnh chp n cc mt bn l a. Tnh th tch ca hnh chp.
S.ABCD.
Li gii:
Gi M l trung im ca CD v O l tm ca y. Ta c:
( ).
SO CD
CD SOM
OM CD

Trong tam gic SOM dng ( ) OH SM OH SCD OH a = .
Ta c:
0
(( ), ( )) 45 SCD ABCD SMO Z = Z = , m tam gic SMO vung ti O nn n vung cn ti O, khi :
3
2
0
1 1 8 2
2 . 2.(2 2)
sin 45 3 3 3
ABCD
OH a
OM SO OH V SOS a a = = = = = =

Bi 2.
Hnh chp t gic u SABCD c khong cch t A n mt phng ( ) SBC bng 2. Vi gi tr no ca
gc o gia mt bn v mt y ca chp th th tch ca chp nh nht?
Li gii:
TH TCH KHI CHP (Phn 3)
HNG DN GII BI TP T LUYN
Gio vin: L B TRN PHNG
Kha hc LTH m bo mn Ton Thy L B Trn Phng Chuyn 01. Hnh hc khng gian

Hocmai.vn Ngi trng chung ca hc tr Vit Tng i t vn: 1900 58-58-12
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Gi M, N l trung im BC, AD, gi H l hnh chiu vung gc t N xung SM. Ta c:
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
2
2
2 2
2 2 2
2 2 2
2
2
, ; ; 2
2 4
sin sin sin
tan 1
. tan
sin os
1 4 1 4
3 sin os 3.sin . os
sin sin 2 os 2
sin .sin .2 os
3 3
1
sin . os
3
min sin . os ax
s
ABCD
SABCD
SABCD
SMN d A SBC d N SBC NH
NH
MN S MN
SI MI
c
V
c c
c
c
c
V c m
o
o o o
o
o
o o
o o o o
o o o
o o o
o o
o o
= = = =
= = = =
= = =
= =
+ +
s =
s

2 2
1
in 2 os os
3
c c o o o = =

Bi 3: Cho hnh chp t gic u S.ABCD c cc mt bn to vi mp y gc 60 .
a.V thit din qua AC v vung gc vi mp(SAD)
b.Thit din chia khi chp thnh hai phn c th tch tng ng l V
1
, V
2
. Tm t s
1
2
V
V
.
Li gii:
a. V thit din qua AC v vung gc vi (SAD):
( ) Do AC SBD AC SD . K ( ) ( ) ( ) CM SD SD ACM ACM P
Vy (ACM) l thit din.
b. t
1 . D ACM
V V =
Ta c:
.
.
1
2
S ACM
S DAC
V V SM
V SD
V
'
= = .
Gi N l trung im ca CD:
0
c( ) 60 HN CD SN CD g SNH =
Kha hc LTH m bo mn Ton Thy L B Trn Phng Chuyn 01. Hnh hc khng gian

Hocmai.vn Ngi trng chung ca hc tr Vit Tng i t vn: 1900 58-58-12
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0
1
c( ) 60 2 .
2
m 2; 3
1
5 2
5
HN CD SN CD g SNH HN SN SN DN
HN a HD a SH a
V
SC SD a CM a SM a
V
= = =
= = =
'
= = = = =

Bi 4.
Cho hnh chp t gic u SABCD c cnh y bng a, chiu cao
6
2
a
h = . Mt phng qua A vung gc
vi SC ct SB, SC, SD ln lt ti B, C, D. Tnh th tch chp S.ABCD
Li gii:

( ' ' ') ' ' SC AB C D C SC SC A nn trong mp(SAC) dng ' ( ' ) AC SC C SC e
Ta c: , BD AC BD SO BD SAC BD SC
Gi ' . SO AC I = Trong mp(SBD) dng ng thng qua I song song vi BD ct SB, SD ti B, D.
V: ' '/ / , ' ' B D BD BD SC B D SC
Do
' ' ' ' ' '
1
( ' ' ') '. .
3
SAB C D AB C D
SC AB C D V AC S =
Ta li c:
' ' '
1
' ' ( ) ' ' ' ' '. '
2
AB C D
B D SAC B D AC S B D AC =
Trong tam gic SAC ta c:
Kha hc LTH m bo mn Ton Thy L B Trn Phng Chuyn 01. Hnh hc khng gian

Hocmai.vn Ngi trng chung ca hc tr Vit Tng i t vn: 1900 58-58-12
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0
0
2
2
90
90 tan tan
2
( )
6 2
2
1
6 3 6
2
2 2 3 ' '
' ' ( )
3 3
ASO SAO
AO OI
IAS SCA ASO IAS ASO IAS
SO OA
SAO SCA
a
OA a SI OI
OI
SO SO SO a
a B D SI
B D BD do
BD SO
Z + Z =

Z + Z = Z = Z = Z = Z =

Z = Z

= = = = =
= = =

Mt khc:
2 2
2 3
2 2 2
' ' '
6
. 2
. 6
2
2 '. . '
2
6 2
( ) ( )
2 2
3 2 1 2 1 6 2 2 6
' ' 2 . . . .
2 2 3 2 2 2 3 18
SAC
SAB C D
a
a
SO AC a
S AC SC SO AC AC
SC
a a
a a a a a a
SC SA AC a V
= = = = =
+
= = = = =

Bi 5.
Bi 1. Cho hnh chp t gic u SABCD c cnh bn bng a, gc to bi gia cc mt bn v y bng
. Tnh th tch V ca hnh chp SABCD v tm V ln nht.
Li gii:
Tnh th tch V ca hnh chp SABCD
Gi O l tm hnh vung ABCD v K l trung im ca CD.
Ta c SO(ABCD) v OKCDSK suy ra ZSKO=
Trong tam gic vung OKC c: OK=KC=KD = CD/2
Trong tam gic vung SOK c:
os
OK
SK
c
= ; SO=OKtan
Trong tam gic vung SKC ta c:
SC=a; KC=OK; v SK
2
+ KC
2
= SC
2

( )
( )
( )
( )
2
2 2 2 2 2
2 2 2
3
2
2
2 3
2
2 tan
os
. tan
2
. tan
2 tan 2 tan 2 tan
. tan . tan
4 1 1 4
. ( )
3 3 3
2 tan
2 tan
2 tan
OK
OK a OK a
c
a
a a
OK CD SO OK
a a
a
V SOdt ABCD dvtt

+ = + =
= = = =
+ + +
| |
= = =
|
+
\ . +
+

S
D
C
A
B
O
K
Kha hc LTH m bo mn Ton Thy L B Trn Phng Chuyn 01. Hnh hc khng gian

Hocmai.vn Ngi trng chung ca hc tr Vit Tng i t vn: 1900 58-58-12
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Tm V ln nht?
Ta c V ln nht
( )
( )
2
3
3 2
2
tan tan
ax ax
2 tan
2 tan
M M

+
+

S dng bt ng thc Csi ta c


( )
3
2 2 2
3 2 2 2 2 2 2
2
1 tan tan tan
1 1 1 1 1
27
2 tan 2 tan 2 tan 2 tan 2 tan 2 tan 3
2 tan

( | |
= s + + =
( |
+ + + + + +
\ . +
.

T V ln nht khi v ch khi

( )( )
2
4 2 2
2 2
2 2
tan
1
tan 2tan tan 2
2 tan 2 tan
tan 1 tan 2 0 tan 1
4

t

= + = +
+ +
+ = = =

Bi 6.
Cho hnh chp t gic u S.ABCD c cnh y bng a. i l trng tm tam gic SAC v khong cch
t n mt bn (SCD) bng
3
6
a
. Tnh th tch khi chp S.ABCD.
Li gii:



Khong cch t O n y chnh l SO.
Kha hc LTH m bo mn Ton Thy L B Trn Phng Chuyn 01. Hnh hc khng gian

Hocmai.vn Ngi trng chung ca hc tr Vit Tng i t vn: 1900 58-58-12
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Gi I l trung im CD.
( ) , ( ) ( ) OI CD SOI CD SOI SCD SI =
K
3 3
, ( ), ( ) ( ; ( ))
2 4
a
OK GH SI OK SCD GH SCD d O SCD OK GH = = =
3
. 2 2 2
1 1 1 3 1 3
.
2 3 6
S ABCD ABCD
a a
SO V S SO
SO OI OK
+ = = = =
Gio vin: L B Trn Phng
Ngun: Hocmai.vn