TIU

TCVN

CHUN QUC GIA

TCVN 8298 : 2009

Xut bn ln 1

CNG TRNH THY LI

YU CU K THUT TRONG CH TO V LP RP
THIT B C KH, KT CU THP

Hydraulics Structures - Technical requirements for manufacturing and installing

mechanical equipment, steel structures

H NI - 2009

TCVN 8298 : 2009

TCVN 8298 : 2009

Mc lc
Li ni u .

1 Phm vi p dng ..

2 Thut ng v nh ngha

3 Cc quy nh chung

4 Vt liu

5 Gia cng c kh

5.1 Yu cu chung ..

5.2 Yu cu cht lng phi c bng gang hoc thp s dng gia cng ch to

5.3 Yu cu cht lng phi rn

10

5.4 Mt s yu cu k thut khc .

11

6 Gia cng kt cu thp .

12

6.1 Dng c o.

12

6.2 Chun b vt liu

12

6.3 Khoan l trn cc chi tit kt cu thp .

13

6.4 Hn .

14

6.5 Lin kt cc cm bng bulng

15

6.6 Ch to ca van v b phn t sn.

15

6.7 Kim tra cht lng mi hn. .

19

7 Quy trnh lp rp ni ch to.

19

8 Quy trnh vn chuyn v xp kho

21

9 Lp t ca van v thit b ng m

21

9.1 Lp t b phn t sn.

21

9.2 Lp ca van phng..

23

9.3 Lp t ca van cung. .

24

9.4 Lp t van ch nhn.

25

9.5 Lp t thit b ti. ..

26

9.6 Lp t my vt..

27

9.7 Lp t thit b nng kiu xi lanh thu lc. ..

27

9.8 Lp t li chn rc

28

9.9 Lp t cu trc.

28

9.10 Sn ph hon thin

28

10 Bn giao, nghim thu ti hin trng

29

Ph lc A (Quy nh): Cc bng biu

32

Ph lc B (Tham kho): Hn kim

61

Ph lc C (Tham kho): Bu lng lp ghp

67

Ph lc D (Tham kho): Ch tiu c l ca vt liu chn nc..

68

Ph lc E (Tham kho): Xch...

69

TCVN 8298 : 2009

Li ni u
TCVN 8298 : 2009 Cng trnh thy li - Ch to v lp rp thit b c kh,
kt cu thp Yu cu k thut, c chuyn i t 14 TCN 3:2006: Ch to
v lp rp thit b c kh, kt cu thp cng trnh thy li, theo quy nh ti
khon 1 iu 69 ca Lut Tiu chun v Quy chun k thut v im a, khon 1
iu 7 ca Ngh nh s 127/2007/N-CP ngy 01 thng 8 nm 2007 ca
Chnh ph quy nh chi tit thi hnh mt s iu ca Lut Tiu chun v
Quy chun k thut.
TCVN 8298 : 2009 do Trung tm Khoa hc v Trin khai k thut thy li thuc
trng i hc Thy li bin son, B Nng nghip v Pht trin nng thn
ngh, Tng cc Tiu chun o lng Cht lng thm nh, B Khoa hc v
Cng ngh cng b.

TCVN 8298 : 2009

TIU CHUN QUC GIA

TCVN 8298 : 2009

Cng trnh thy li Yu cu k thut trong ch to v lp rp thit

b c kh, kt cu thp
Hydraulics Structures - Technical requirements for manufacturing and installing mechanical
equipment, steel structures

1 Phm vi p dng
1.1 Tiu chun ny quy nh cc yu cu k thut c bn v ch to v lp rp, nghim thu thit b c
kh v kt cu thp ca cng trnh thy li, thu in bao gm cc loi my ng m ca van, cc loi
ca van, li chn rc, cc ng ng dn nc v mt s thit b chuyn dng khc c s dng
trn cc cng trnh thy li, thy in, giao thng, ci to mi trng.
1.2 Tiu chun ny p dng cho cc kt cu lin kt bng hn, bu lng v inh tn, c ch to t
thp cc bon v thp hp kim thp thng c s dng ch to ca van, phi sa cha v cc
kt cu c kh thu cng.
1.3 Tiu chun ny cng p dng trong vic ch to cc b phn truyn ng bng bnh rng, ai, vt
- ai c, bnh vt - trc vt, thanh rng bnh rng.
1.3

Tiu chun ny khng p dng trong vic ch to xi lanh thy lc v cc b phn truyn ng

thy lc cao p.
CH THCH: Xem thm mt s thng tin ti Ph lc B, C, D, E.

Thut ng v nh ngha

2.1
Hn tay (Electric arc welder)
Hn h quang vi in cc kim loi nng chy (que hn). Trong qu trnh hn, que hn lm nhim v
gy h quang hn, ng thi b sung kim loi cho mi hn. Vic gy h quang v dch chuyn que hn
c thc hin bng tay.
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TCVN 8298 : 2009

2.2
Hn hi (oxyacetylene welding)
Hn tay, trong kim loi ch ni v que hn c nung chy bng ngn la ca hn hp kh chy
(nh axetilen) vi oxi, sau kim loi ng c thnh mi hn. Hn hp kh chy c pht ra qua m
hn v c t chy thnh ngn la hn ngoi mi hn.
Hn hi cn dng nung chy hp kim c bn cao trong cng ngh sa cha hoc ct phi
thp v thp tm.
2.3
Hn t ng (Automatic welding)
Hn h quang m trong vic chuyn ng ca dy hn v h quang c thc hin t ng trn
my, kim loi nng chy c bo v khng b xy ho bi h quang c ngp trong lp thuc hoc
trong vng kh bo v.
2.4
Hn na t ng (Semi-automatic welding)
Hn h quang m trong vic chuyn ng ca dy hn c thc hin t ng trn my, cn dch
chuyn h quang c thc hin bng tay, kim loi nng chy c bo v khng b xy ho bi h
quang c ngp trong lp thuc hoc trong vng kh bo v.
2.5
Gia cng kt cu thp (to manufacture steel structures)
Qu trnh cng ngh c thc hin bng tay kt hp vi my mc thit b ch to ra sn phm
bng cc lin kt hn, bu lng, inh tn theo bn v thit k c duyt.
2.6
Gia cng c kh (to manufacture mechanics)
Cc thao tc ca ngi v my cng c nhm to ra cc chi tit c kch thc, hnh dng theo yu cu
bn v thit k c duyt.
2.7
Quy trnh cng ngh (Technological process)
Th t gia cng hay lp rp cc b phn my v kt cu thp nhm bo m chnh xc cao nht
theo thit k.
2.8
g (Fixture)

TCVN 8298 : 2009

B phn dng gi n nh, chng bin dng v sai s cho b phn my v kt cu thp trong qu
trnh gia cng.
2.9
Thp cc bon (Carbon steel)
Mt hp kim c hai thnh phn chnh l st v cc bon. Trong thnh phn ca thp cc bon c cha
mt hm lng rt nh cc nguyn t ng, mangan v silic nhng khng cha cc nguyn t kim loi
him nh crom, coban, nibi, molipden, niken, titan, vonfram, vanadi, zieconi
2.10
Thp hp kim thp (Low-alloy steel)
Thp c hm lng cc bon trung bnh. Trong thnh phn ca thp c cha hm lng nh mt s
nguyn t kim loi khc nh ng, mangan, silic k c kim loi him nh crom, coban, molipden, niken,
titan v.v...

3 Cc quy nh chung
3.1 Cc kt cu c kh v kt cu thp phi c gia cng v lp rp theo ng h s thit k c
cp c thm quyn ph duyt.
3.2 Khi ch to cc b phn c kh v kt cu thp, nh ch to phi lp quy trnh cng ngh sn xut
ph hp iu kin my mc c th, trnh tay ngh cng nhn ca n v mnh, nhm m bo cht
lng sn phm, tho mn yu cu k thut ca thit k v cc quy nh chung ca tiu chun ny.
3.3 Vt liu dng ch to phi c nhn mc ng vi n thit k, c xut x r rng, h s th
nghim v c - l - tnh i km. Cho php s dng vt liu khc vi n thit k nhng c cc ch tiu
c - l - tnh tng ng v c t vn thit k ng .
3.4 Vic kim tra cht lng tng cng on trong qu trnh ch to v lp rp phi tun th theo tiu
chun ny v quy trnh cng ngh c la chn, ph duyt v ghi y vo biu mu nghim
thu theo quy nh hin hnh.
3.5 Khi xut xng, nh sn xut phi cung cp cho n v lp t ton b sn phm thp cng nh
thit b ng m cc ti liu sau:
a)

S v trnh t lp t cc b phn kt cu thp v thit b;

b)

Cc bn v phc v lp t;

c)

Hng dn s dng;

d)

Cc vn bn v bn v thay i k thut (nu c), cc vn bn, bin bn kim tra k thut ti

nh my;

e)

Bin bn kim tra, nghim thu cht lng sn phm.

7

TCVN 8298 : 2009

3.6 i vi cc kt cu c th, ngoi cc quy nh chung ca tiu chn ny cn phi t c cc yu
cu k thut ring trong tng bn v thit k (nu c).
3.7

Vic t chc, b tr lao ng ti xng gia cng phi hp l, khoa hc, tun th y cc quy

tc an ton lao ng cho cng nhn, my mc thit b v bo m v sinh, chng nhim mi trng,
chng chy n theo quy nh hin hnh.

Vt liu

4.1

Khi s dng vt liu gia cng cc b phn chu lc chnh ca kt cu thp nh dm chnh,

dm ph, cng, bn mt v cc gi , trc, bnh rng, khp ni, vt me u phi c nhn mc,
chng ch ca nh sn xut, ngun gc xut x r rng. Nu cha r, phi ly mu kim tra ti cc
phng th nghim hp chun. Vt liu c s dng phi tun th ng n thit k.
4.2 Vt liu thp gia cng ch to phi c phn loi cht lng, ghi nhn mc y , nh du
v sp xp theo chng loi tin s dng, trnh nhm ln. Thp c xp thnh chc chn, hoc
trn gi c mi che, d ly. Trng hp ngoi tri th phi xp nghing d thot nc. Khi xp
cc tm thp phi k lt chng vng v trnh nc ng.
4.3 Trc khi s dng, thp phi c nn thng, phng v lm sch g, du m.
4.4 Khi vn chuyn thp phi g buc thp khng b bin dng, khng b mn xc.
4.5

Phi c t gang hay thp phi c nhn mc, xut x sn xut, chng ch cht lng v thnh

phn ha hc, tnh cht c l, khng c khuyt tt qu yu cu cho php.

4.6

Que hn s dng phi bo m cht lng, phi kim tra bo m cc ch tiu ph hp vi

loi thp hn v bn v thit k, m bo tnh cht c l v bn ca mi hn, quy nh ti iu A.1

ca Ph lc A.
4.7 Que hn v thuc hn phi bo qun ni kh ro, xp theo l v theo s hiu, phi sy kh theo
ch thch hp (t 150 oC n 250 0C, khi ly t sy ra s dng ch vi s lng dng trong mt
ca cho thp cc bon v trong hai gi cho thp hp kim thp trong trng hp m mi trng ln
hn 75 %).
4.8 Que hn b trc v, dy hn r bn, thuc hn b hng tuyt i khng c s dng.
4.9 Thp gia cng c kh phi bo m ng chng loi ghi trong bn v, phi bo m tnh cht x
l b mt ph hp kh nng chu ti khi lm vic ca c cu my. Trong trng hp khng c nhn
mc nht thit khng c s dng (iu A.2 ca Ph lc A).
4.10

Vt liu sn ph, bo v b mt lm vic v tip xc mi trng phi c la chn theo yu

cu bn v thit k. Cht lng ca vt liu sn ph phi c ghi y nhn mc, hn s dng,

tnh cht ho l r rng. Khng s dng cc loi sn ph t pha ch cha c cng nhn hay loi
sn ph khng r ngun gc.

TCVN 8298 : 2009

4.11 Vt liu giong chn nc, chn du m phi c sn xut ti c s chuyn ngnh c chng
nhn hp chun, c chng ch v cc ch tiu c l, ho hc bo m kh nng lm vic mi trng
khc nghit.

5 Gia cng c kh
5.1 Yu cu chung
5.1.1 Vt liu dng ch to cc chi tit phi ng chng loi v kch thc phi c tnh ti lng d
gia cng theo bn v thit k duyt.
5.1.2

Cc phi thp phi ct bng my ct, my ca; trng hp ngoi l c th ct bng kh xy -

axetilen. Khng c ct thp bng que hn .

5.1.3 Dung sai chiu di, chiu rng cho php khi ct phi quy nh ti iu A.3 Ph lc A
5.1.4

Phi thp sau khi ct phi c lm sch khng cn ba via, x, khng cc ni g gh qu

1mm trn b mt v khng c vt rn nt.

5.2

Yu cu cht lng phi c bng gang hoc thp s dng gia cng ch to

5.2.1 Khi s dng phi c bng gang hoc thp, phi bo m cht lng phi c v bo m kch
thc phi c tnh n d gia cng ph hp yu cu bn v thit k theo tiu chun hin hnh.
Cho php c cc khuyt tt nu chiu su khuyt tt khng ln hn 10 % chiu dy phi c.
5.2.2 Cc trng hp sau y c hn v khuyt tt nu khng nh hng n bn sn phm :

a)

Trn cc b mt khng gia cng cho php cc vt r ring, r t ong, r ct c din tch di 10 cm2
v chiu su vt r khng ln hn 1/4 chiu dy phi c v din tch vt r khng qu 15 % b mt
phi c;

b)

Trn cc mt phng gia cng nhng khng phi mt ta cho php cc vt r ring, r t ong, r
ct c din tch di 5 cm2 v chiu su vt r khng ln hn 1/10 chiu dy thnh ti v tr v
din tch vt r khng qu 5 % b mt gia cng;

c)

Trn b mt ta c gia cng: Cc vt r ring, r t ong, r ct c din tch di 2 cm 2 v

chiu su vt r khng ln hn 1/10 chiu dy phi c v tng din tch vt r khng qu 3 %
b mt ta;

d)

Trn cc bnh rng thp ca c cu nng: Cc vt r c chiu su khng ln hn 10 % chiu dy

rng ti v tr khuyt tt v tng din tch khuyt tt nh hn 10 % din tch rng v tng cc rng
b khuyt tt khng khng ln hn 15 % tng s rng. cng ca ch hn trn rng so vi b
mt lm vic khng c ln hn 10 % cng ca kim loi chnh. Ch c php hn v cc
rng khi c s ng ca n v thit k bng vn bn;

TCVN 8298 : 2009

e)

Trn b mt ln v may ca bnh xe ch to bng thp c khng cho php c vt nt. Khi c
khuyt tt sau y, sau khi x l khng nh hng n tnh nng s dng th c hn p:

1)

Trn b mt ln c vt r khng ln hn 3 cm 2, su khng ln hn 1/10 dy thnh

bnh xe ni c khuyt tt (nhng khng ln hn 10 mm), ng thi trn b mt nm ngang

hoc trn din tch 100 cm2 khng qu 1 im khuyt tt;

2)

Mt gia cng nhng khng chu nn ca bnh xe c vt r, din tch khuyt tt khng ln hn

5 cm2, su khng ln hn 1/5 dy ni b khuyt tt v s khuyt tt khng ln hn 1

khuyt tt trn din tch 100 cm2;

3)

Vt r mt u may: chiu su khuyt tt khng ln hn 1/15 chiu rng may, chiu di

khng ln hn 1/8 chu vi may. Chiu rng khng ln hn 1/3 chiu dy may;

4)

L trc c vt r vi din tch khng ln hn 2 cm2, su khng vt qu 1/10 chiu dy

ni b khuyt tt, s khuyt tt khng ln hn 1 trn din tch 100 cm2;

g)

ng ray lm bng thp c khng c vt nt. Khi c khuyt tt sau y,

nhng sau khi hn v x l khng nh hng n cht lng lm vic ca ray, th c hn p:

1)

Trn b mt gia cng chu nn c vt r khng ln hn 3 cm 2, su khng ln hn

1/10 dy thnh ni b khuyt tt, ng thi trn b mt nm ngang hoc trn din tch 100
cm2 khng qu 1 im khuyt tt, tng din tch khuyt tt khng ln hn 2 % tng din tch
mt gia cng. Nhng khng cho php hn p i vi ng ray phi qua nhit luyn v v tr
khuyt tt nm trong phm vi tip xc ca bnh xe;

2)

Mt gia cng nhng khng chu nn c vt r, din tch khuyt tt khng ln hn 8 cm2,

su khng ln hn 1/5 dy ni b khuyt tt v tng din tch khuyt tt khng qu 5 %;

h)

Khi phm vi khuyt tt ca cu kin c nhiu hn cht t so vi quy nh nu trn, sau khi c
s ng ca cc c quan kim tra cht lng v thit k mi c hn p, ng thi phi bo
m cht lng sau khi hn khng nh hng n chc nng lm vic ca c cu;

i)

Trc khi hn phi lm sch v to ming vt ti ch c khuyt tt, phi la chn que hn ph
hp vi vt liu phi c. Khi chiu dy thnh ln hn 20 mm, hnh dng c phc tp, nhit
mi trng thp hn 10 0C th phi gia nhit trc khi hn;

j)

Cc phi c bng thp sau khi hn v phi nhit luyn theo yu cu. Trng hp khuyt tt nh,
khng nh hng cht lng lm vic, c b phn kim tra cht lng sn phm v thit k
ng th khng phi nhit luyn.

5.3 Yu cu cht lng phi rn

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TCVN 8298 : 2009

5.3.1 Khi s dng phi rn phi bo m trng thi b mt vt rn ca thp hp kim v thp cc bon
theo ng quy nh ca cc tiu chun lin quan.
5.3.2 Phi rn khng c khuyt tt nh vt nt, phn lp, vy, vt chy, np un.
5.3.3

Nu khuyt tt trn b mt vt rn c gia cng c kh m chiu su khuyt tt khng ln

hn 75 % lng d gia cng th khng phi sa li khuyt tt.

5.3.4 Khng c dng hn v sa cha cc chi tit c ch to t phi rn treo ti trng, treo
ca van nh mc, vng, quai nng ti, b phn chu lc ca mc nng.
5.3.5

Trn b mt vt rn, chi tit ch to t phi rn khng phi loi b cc vt rn nh c

chiu di khng ln hn 5mm v chiu rng khng ln hn 0,3 mm khi s lng cc vt rn

khng ln hn 2 trn 100 cm 2 b mt.
5.3.6

Cc sn phm rn t thp C51, C25 v cao hn phi gia cng nhit sau khi rn.

5.3.7 Thnh phn que hn dng hn v cc khuyt tt ca vt rn phi tng ng thnh phn
vt liu thp rn. cng ch hn v khng ln hn 10 % cng ca kim loi hn chnh.
5.3.8 Sau khi hn v phi tin hnh nhit. Nu kch thc qa nh v KCS kim tra cht lng thy
khng nh hng th khng phi nhit.
5.4 Mt s yu cu k thut khc
5.4.1 chnh xc ch to c kh phi tun th bn v thit k, trong trng hp khng quy nh c
th th cc sai s ch to khng thp hn cp 8 theo cc tiu chun lin quan.
5.4.2

Khi gia cng cc chi tit c kch thc ln v cp chnh xc cao, nht thit phi lp quy trnh

cng ngh ch to.

5.4.3 Dung sai ch to bnh xe, bc, trc ca ca van phi ph hp yu cu thit k. Nu khng quy
nh th chn trong khong IT6 IT8, nhn b mt Ra < 3,2 m, chnh xc hnh dng v v tr
khng thp hn cp 9. Sau khi lp hon chnh, bnh xe phi quay nh nhng, khng kt.
5.4.4 Dung sai ch to bnh rng trong hp gim tc phi theo cc tiu chun lin quan .
5.4.5

khng ng trc, van, lch rnh then so vi ng tm chun khng ln hn 1/2

dung sai kch thc ng knh ngng trc ni lp ghp bnh rng, bi.
5.4.6 o vai trc ly theo cp chnh xc IT8 v theo kch thc ng knh trc.
5.4.7 vng cho php ca trc quay ly theo vn tc quy nh ti iu A.4 Ph lc A.
5.4.8 V hp gim tc: cc b mt lp ghp cc phn v hp, cc np phi c gia cng nhn,
phng ti thiu t cp 5 theo cc tiu chun lin quan.
5.4.9 Dung sai khong cch trc khi gia cng khng thp hn cp 8 theo cc tiu chun lin quan.

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TCVN 8298 : 2009

5.4.10 Tang cun cp ch to theo thit k. Trong trng hp khng ghi c th c th ly sai s gia
cng theo quy nh ti iu A.5 Ph lc A.
5.4.11 Bnh xe ln, bnh xe c ca ca van nu cha quy nh c th ly theo quy nh ti iu A.6
Ph lc A.
5.4.12 Cc khp ni trc: o hng tm v mt mt ly bng 0,005.D khp.
5.4.13 Xch ti v cp thp c chn theo tiu chun hin hnh.
5.4.14 Ren vt - ai c: c ch to theo ren thang hoc ren ch nht. Sai s ng knh v bc
ren c chn theo cp chnh xc IT8.
5.4.15 Khng cho php ren b h hng, cc bc ren phi u nhau, khi vn ai c vo trc vt phi
u, chuyn ng nh nhng.

6 Gia cng kt cu thp

6.1 Dng c o
6.1.1 Dng c o lng kt cu thp ca van phi dng thc cun hay thc l kim loi c chnh
xc cp 2 theo cc tiu chun lin quan v dng c o di v cc gc.
6.1.2

Khi gia cng chi tit nhiu phn xng khc nhau phi c thc chun lm mu i

chng.
6.2 Chun b vt liu
6.2.1

Nn v un thng thp trc khi gia cng trnh to vt xc, lm v khuyt tt khc trn

b mt.
6.2.2 Thanh, bn thp b cong vnh vi bn knh cong (r) v vng (f) khng vt qu quy nh ti
iu A.8 ca ph lc A th cho php tin hnh nn v un theo phng php ngui.
6.2.3 Thanh bn thp b cong vnh ln hn gi tr r v f cho php quy nh ti iu A.8 ph lc A th
phi nn v un theo phng php nng nhit t 750 oC - 850 0C i vi thp cc bon v
850 oC n 950 0C i vi thp hp kim thp. Sau khi gia nhit, thp phi c lm ngui dn
sao cho thp khng b ti, khng b cong vnh, rn nt do h nhit t ngt. Khng cho php s dng
hn p h quang gia nhit khi nn v un thp.
6.2.4

Khi ct thp gia cng cu kin, cn xc nh r cng ngh ch to tnh d gia cng do

co ngt khi hn v lp rp.

6.2.5 Cht lng b mt vt liu: trc khi ct un chi tit t vt liu nguyn thanh hoc tm, b mt
phi t cht lng quy nh theo quy nh ti iu A.9 Ph lc A.

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TCVN 8298 : 2009

6.2.6 Ly du xc nh kch thc chi tit khi gia cng: cho php s dng bn mu hoc v hnh
vi t l 1:1 ly du trc tip trn thanh hoc bn thp. Khi ly du th cng ch c s dng mi
vch v con tu.
6.2.7

Cc phi thp phi ct bng my ct, my ca; trng hp ngoi l c th ct bng kh xy.

Sai s kch thc theo chiu di quy nh ti iu A.3 Ph lc A.

6.2.8

Cc chi tit, cu kin ging nhau phi c gia cng trn cng mt g, dng.

6.2.9

Quy nh v dung sai cho php i vi hnh dng ming ct v nhn khi ct thp tm hoc

thp hnh nh sau:

h)

Nu l mp ch hn th ba via khng c nh hng ti mi hn ni, nhn ct Ra< 0,05mm;

dung sai thng theo chiu di nh hn 0,5/(1 000 L) nhng khng ln hn 1,5 mm; vung
gc theo chiu dy tm thp ct: vi thp c dy 24 mm dung sai khng ln hn 0,5 mm,
khi >24 mm th khng ln hn 1,0 mm;

i)

Nu l mp ct khng hn th phi nhn, bng, khng vt xc; dung sai thng theo chiu di
nh hn 1/2 dung sai kch thc quy nh ti iu A.11 Ph lc A; vung gc theo chiu dy
nh hn 1/10 chiu dy ca n nhng khng ln hn 2 mm;

j)

Phi dng phng php gia cng c kh (phay, bo, mi) vt mp chun b mi hn theo
thit k. Mp ca chi tit sau khi gia cng phi t phng, mc li lm cho php khng c
qu 0,3 mm trn 1 m;

6.2.10

Cho php gia cng ngui chi tit ng c ng knh trong ln hn 15 ln chiu dy ca bn

thp cn un, m bo cc tr s bn kinh cong v vng quy nh ti iu A.8 Ph lc A, m bo

ng sut gc un c phn b u.
6.2.11

Cho php un cong theo chiu di cc ng c ng knh ngoi nh hn 300 mm bng

phng php gia cng nng ti 1000 0C vi ct dn y trong lng ng v bn knh R ln hn 3,5.R n.
Chiu di ch un cn t nng bng 0,0175.R. .
Trong :
Rn

l bn knh ngoi ca ng;

l bn knh un cong theo ng tm ng;

l gc un vi sai s 30'

6.2.12

Khi un cc chi tit t cc tm thp cc bon, bn knh un trn phi ln hn 1,2 b dy ca

tm nu chu ti trng tnh v ln hn 2,5 b dy tm nu kt cu chu ti trng ng. Trong trng

hp s dng thp hp kim thp th bn knh ly tng ti thiu 1,5 ln so vi thp cc bon.
6.3

Khoan l trn cc chi tit kt cu thp

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6.3.1 Cho php khoan l trn cc chi tit trc hoc sau khi hn ghp thnh kt cu v phi khoan
ti nh my bo m trc ca l thng gc vi mt chi tit. Cc l v quy cch khoan phi theo
ng bn v thit k v ti thiu phi t c dung sai ng knh v van theo quy nh ti cc
iu A.12 v A.13 ca Ph lc A.
6.3.2 Cho php p dng phng php khoan l trc tip theo phng php ly du trn my khoan
chy hi p, my khoan in. Trng hp ch to hng lot phi khoan theo dng hoc dng r bt
khoan iu khin theo chng trnh.

6.4 Hn
6.4.1 iu kin hn lp thnh cm ca kt cu hay hn hon thin ton b kt cu ca van:

a)

Cc chi tit c nn thng v c lm sch theo yu cu k thut;

b)

Phi c quy trnh cng ngh hn c xy dng t trc;

c)

Phi c g nh v cc chi tit hn theo ng bn v thit k tng th;

d)

Phi hn nh cc chi tit lp ghp c lin kt tm thi ti ch cc mi hn chnh sau ny,

chng bin dng trc khi hn chnh thc;

e)

Khng c cu lt lm thay i hnh dng khi mi hn nh nu bn v thi cng khng c quy

nh ring;

f)

Cc chi tit cn c hn lp ng v tr theo thit k ng sut ni ti truyn u qua phn hn,

trnh pht sinh khuyt tt mi hn;

g)

Cn kim tra li kt cu v kch thc trc khi tip tc hn nu nh b phn t hp cha hn

hon chnh ca ngy hm trc.

6.4.2 Khi hn nh, ch cn mi hn c chiu cao ti thiu khi hn chnh thc mi hn ny s lm

nng chy mi hn nh. Chiu cao mi hn nh khng ln hn 0,5 chiu cao mi hn chnh thc theo
thit k. Khng c b tr mi hn nh ti v tr mi hn chnh giao nhau.
6.4.3

Que hn nh v hn chnh phi cng loi v ph hp vi mc thp hn, cht lng mi hn

tng t nhau.
6.4.4 Phi bo m dng mp vt, kch thc khe h gia cc chi tit khi hn v kch thc mi hn
theo ng ch dn trn bn v thit k hoc c th tham kho iu B.1 Ph lc B.
6.4.5 Ch c php hn chng lp tip theo khi nh sch x v khuyt tt lp hn trc. Nu c
khuyt tt do hn phi c dng my mi mi su khng nh hn 0,5 mm. Ch khuyt su vo trong
thp hn khng c ln hn 3 % tr s chiu dy thp hn.

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6.4.6 Khi hn tay hoc na t ng, nu nhit mi trng thp hn 10 0C th cn t nng vt hn
ti khong 120 0C vi b rng 10 mm mi bn ng hn.
6.4.7

i vi hn t ng v na t ng, cc chi tit c t hp phi hn ngay trong ngy

chng m.
6.4.8

Phi c in y cc ch lm cui mi ng hn.

6.4.9

Khi hn thp c c hm lng Cc bon ln hn 3 %, nn dng que hn cha t H 2 (E5616,

E6015) v gia nhit cc b vi nhit t 200 oC 250 0C. Sau khi hn cn x l nhit.
6.4.10

Khi kt cu qu ln phi phn on nh thnh cc cm kt cu ring bit th phi tun th

theo bn v quy trnh cng ngh ring. Trong qu trnh t hp tng th, cn iu chnh ton b lin kt,
phi g t v c c cu iu chnh, nh v chc chn trc khi hn. Phi ghi r m s, vch ng
trc trn tt c cc phn t trn kt cu.
6.4.11 Cho php s dng hn t ng, na t ng v hn tay hn cc ca van v cc b phn
khc ca kt cu thp trn cng trnh thy li nhng phi m bo cc yu cu v kch thc hnh hc
v tnh cht c l ca mi hn.
6.4.12

Phi chn ch hn n nh v bo m c h s ngu k =

b
(b, h l chiu rng v
h

chiu su ca mi hn): k > 1,3 i vi mi hn gc (Hnh A.1 a) v k > 1,5 i vi hn gip mi

(xem iu A.14, Hnh A.1 - Ph lc A).
6.4.13

Th hn h quang phi c chng ch vn bng hp cch. Th hn my t ng v bn t

ng phi c o to chnh quy v c cp vn bng chng ch tng ng.

6.4.14

Nn ghi r s hiu ca mi th hn gn mi hn, khong cch ghi s hiu khng nh hn

4cm k t mp mi hn.
6.4.15 Sau khi hn xong cc kt cu phi tho b cc chi tit g lp v nh sch ht x, mt kim loi
trn b mt. Khi ty b khng lm hng b mt kt cu v phi bo m bng phng v nhn mt.
6.5 Lin kt cc cm bng bulng
6.5.1 Khi lin kt cc b phn kt cu bng bu lng, phi nh sch cc b mt lp ghp, phi ng
cht cht nh v trc khi sit cht bu lng. kn kht khi xit cht bu lng c kim tra bng thc
l c b dy 0,3 mm, thc khng th la vo su qu 20 mm.
6.5.2 Khi lp ghp cc cm v kt cu nguyn vn chuyn ch n ni s dng, cn phi c cc bin
php phng nga pht sinh cc bin dng do hn v xut hin ng sut d trong kim loi.
6.6 Ch to ca van v b phn t sn
6.6.1 Yu cu k thut chung

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6.6.1.1

Khi hn cc tm thp to thnh kt cu c dng thp hnh n, sai s cho php sau khi hn

c tun th theo iu A.15 Ph lc A.

6.6.1.2 Ngoi cc quy nh theo bn v, cc b phn t sn nh ngng, khe van, ng ray chnh
v ph, ray ngc, mt ta giong chn nc, dm thp ci quay, tng ngc... cn ph hp quy
nh theo quy nh ti cc iu t A.16 n A.19 Ph lc A.
6.6.1.3 ng ray chnh chu nn ca ca van phng c ch to theo cp chnh xc IT8, nhm
b mt Ra < 3,2 m. Khi c yu cu nhit luyn phi bo m cng b mt v chiu su lp bin
cng theo thit k. Sau khi lp ng ray chnh vi bn chu nn t sn, lch v tr cc mi ni i
u ray chnh v bn ta giong chn nc khng ln hn 0,1 mm v ray ngc v ray bnh xe c
khng ln hn 0,2 mm. Sai s phng b mt ray ph hp vi quy nh ti iu A.18 Ph lc A.
6.6.1.4 Khi ghp t hp bn ta giong chn nc, b phn t sn v ray bng thp khng g phi
bo m kn kht, khe h cc b khng qu 0,2 mm v chiu di khng qu 100 mm cho mi khe.
Tng chiu di khe h khng qu 15 % chiu di ton cu kin.
6.6.1.5 Sai s chiu di cho php gia ngng vi ca van l

+0, 0
4, 0

mm. Nu ngng khng lp vo

gia cc cu kin khc, th sai s cho php l 4,0 mm. Sai lch cho php i vi chiu rng tng
ngc l

+0, 0
4, 0

mm, lch tng i gia hai ng cho ca tng ngc v ngng khng ln hn

4,0 mm.
6.6.1.6 Dung sai cho php ch to cu kin tng ngc v tm lt khng c yu cu chn nc theo
quy nh ti iu A.19 ph lc A.
6.6.1.7 Khi ca van cung lm vic vi ct nc cao (k c ca van cung c trc lch tm) c yu cu
kt cu m rng t ngt rnh van th sai lch cho php bn knh cong mt chun ca bn ta giong
chn nc vi mt bin l 2,0 mm, chiu sai lch ny cng chiu vi sai lch bn knh cong cung
mt ngoi cnh van thng l 3,0 mm.
6.6.1.8 B phn t sn c ch to tng phn, cn t hp ti xng ch to v phi nh v bng
cc g chc chn, sai s cho php khi t hp cc b phn c quy nh nh sau:

a)

B mt chu nn ca ng ray chnh cho ca van bnh xe khng ln hn 0,1 mm;

b)

Cc mt khc qua gia cng khng c ln hn 0,5 mm;

c)

Cc mt th khng ln hn 2,0 mm.

Cc b phn cn li cn ph hp vi cc quy nh trong tiu chun ny. Sau khi kim tra t yu cu,
cn nh s k hiu r rng ti ni t hp, sau mi tin hnh bao gi v chuyn ch n ni lp t
theo quy nh.

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6.6.2 Ch to ca van phng
6.6.2.1 Nu trong bn v thit k cha quy nh th sai s cho php khi gia cng ca van phng phi
ph hp vi quy nh ti iu A.20 Ph lc A.
6.6.2.2 Sau khi gia cng ca van phng c bnh xe, cn loi tr ng sut bo m n nh kch
thc hnh hc v hnh dng thit k v tha mn cc yu cu sau:

a)

Sai lch cho php khong cch gia cc mt phng tng ng 0,5 mm;

b)

phng tip xc gia ng ray v hai dm bin khng c ln hn 0,3 mm;

c)

Dung sai ca cc mt phng song song khng ln hn 0,3 mm;

d)

nhm b mt gia cng c kh Ra < 25 m.

6.6.2.3

Khi lp rp bnh xe hay gi trt ng ca ca van, nn ly mt ta giong chn nc lm

mt chun cn chnh, tt c cc bnh xe hay mt gi trt phi nm trn cng mt phng. Dung sai
phng cho php quy nh nh sau:
Khi khu bnh xe hay gi trt khng ln hn 10 m th dung sai khng ln hn 2,0 mm;
Khi khu ln hn10 m th dung sai khng ln hn 3,0 mm;
nghing ca bnh xe vi mt phng bt k khng ln hn 2/1 000 ng knh bnh xe.
6.6.2.4

Dung sai cho php ca khng song song gia mt chun lp giong chn nc vi mt

trt ca gi ng ca ca van:
Khi chiu di gi trt t 500 mm tr xung th khng ln hn 0,5 mm;
Khi chiu di gi trt ln hn 500 mm th khng c ln hn 1,0 mm.
6.6.2.5 Sai lch cho php khu ca bnh xe hay gi trt ng nu khng quy nh th ly theo gi
tr quy nh ti iu A.21 Ph lc A.
6.6.2.6 ng tip xc ca cc bnh xe trn ng ray phi nm trn cng mt mt phng, dung sai
cho php v khong cch t ng tip xc ca bnh xe trn ng ray v mt chun lp giong
chn nc ca ca van khng ln hn 1,5 mm.
6.6.2.7 Sai lch cho php khong cch gia ng tm ngang v dc ca l tai treo van l 2,0 mm.
L tai treo v trc ko phi bo m ng tm, nghing cho php khng ln hn 1/1 000.
6.6.2.8 Tng hp tng th ca van phng:

a)

Khng phn bit ca van c ch to lin khi hay phn on (do siu trng, siu trng), trc
khi xut xng cn t hp hon chnh v tin hnh kim tra tng th sai s kch thc, v tr theo
quy nh; sai lch ca mi ghp khng ln hn 2,0 mm;

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b)

Sai lch khu bnh xe theo ng ray phi ph hp gi tr quy nh trong iu A.22 Ph lc A. Sau
khi t hp tng th, cc bnh xe hay gi ta ng phi tip xc u, chiu di tip xc ca gi ta
ng ln ng trt l 80 %, khe h cc b nh hn 0,1 mm. Khi ca van v tr lm vic, mi thng
s u phi bo m theo thit k, phi ly mt phng v ray hay mt trt lm chun cn chnh
bnh xe c, giong chn nc, bnh xe ngc. Sai s v tr khng c ln hn 1,0 mm;

c)

Sau khi kim tra ph hp, cn lm du, nh s, nh v khi tho ra lp li bo m kch thc ban u.

6.6.3 Ch to ca van cung

6.6.3.1 Ca van cung phi ch to theo bn v thit k c duyt v ph hp vi tiu chun lin quan
v thit k ca van, khe van bng thp trong cng trnh thy li. Nu trong bn v thit k cha quy nh
th sai s cho php khi gia cng ca van cung phi ph hp vi quy nh ti iu A.23 Ph lc A.
6.6.3.2

Ca van cung c trc lch tm hoc van cung c yu cu m mt phn vi mc nc cao,

khi gia cng bng my cc mt ghp khp vi cng, cng vi bn mt, ngoi vic phi da theo yu
cu ca van cung l chm theo quy nh ti iu A.23 ph lc A kim tra v ch to chnh xc, cn
phi bo m sai lch cho php ca bn knh cong bn mt ca van l 2,0 mm, ng thi sai lch
ca n phi cng chiu vi sai lch bn knh cong mt chun ca b chn nc. Chiu dy sau khi gia
cng khng nh hn kch thc theo bn v, nhm b mt Ra<25 .m. Dung sai hnh dng ph hp
vi quy nh ti iu A.24 Ph lc A.
6.6.3.3

Sai lch khong cch ng tm hng ngang v hng dc ca l tai treo ca van hnh

cung l 2,0 mm. L tai treo v trc ko phi bo m ng tm, nghing cho php khng ln hn
1/1 000.
6.6.3.4 Sai lch v tr ti mi ghp t hp khng ln hn 2,0mm.
6.6.4 Ch to ca van ch nhn
Nu trong bn v thit k cha quy nh th sai s cho php khi gia cng ca van ch nhn phi ph
hp vi quy nh ti iu A.25 Ph lc A.
6.6.5 Ch to li chn rc
6.6.5.1 Sai s cho php ch to n chic li chn rc ph hp vi quy nh cc bn v. Nu khng
quy nh th sai s cho php ch to b phn t sn li chn rc ph hp vi gi tr quy nh ti iu
A.26 ph lc A
6.6.5.2 Sai lch cho php ch to thn li chn rc quy nh nh sau:

a)

Sai lch cho php chiu rng v chiu cao li chn rc l 8,0 mm;

b)

Sai lch cho php chiu dy thn li chn rc l 4,0 mm;

c)

Sai lch tng i ng cho thn li khng ln hn 6 mm, un cong khng ln hn 4,0 mm;

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d)

Cc thanh ca li cn song song vi nhau, sai lch khng ln hn 5 % c ly theo thit k;

e)

Sai lch cho php ng tim ca l theo thn li chn rc l 4,0 mm, khi li chn rc v ca
van sa cha dng chung thit b ng m th sai s ny l 2,0 mm; l trc cn treo v tai treo
cn bo m ng tm, nghing cho php khng ln hn 1/1 000;

f)

Bnh xe hoc gi trt ca thn li chn rc phi nm trn cng mt mt phng, dung sai
phng cho php khng ln hn 4,0 mm;

g)

Sai lch cho php ca khu bnh xe hoc gi trt l 6,0 mm v ng tim bnh xe hoc gi
trt cng mt pha l 3,0 mm;

h)

Tm chu nn u di ca 2 dm bn phi nm trn cng mt phng, dung sai cho php khng
ln hn 3,0 mm.

6.7 Kim tra cht lng mi hn

6.7.1

Khi kim tra xc sut khuyt tt bn trong mi hn ln hn cho php th phi tip tc kim tra

thm gn ni c khuyt tt. Nu pht hin khuyt tt qu tr s cho php th tin hnh kim tra ton
b mi hn (xem iu A.27 Ph lc A)
6.7.2 Cc kt qu kim tra mi hn phi c ghi vo bin bn a vo ti liu nghim thu
bn giao.
6.7.3 Sa cha cc khuyt tt mi hn c quy nh ti cc iu A.28 v A.29 Ph lc A

Quy trnh lp rp ni ch to

7.1 Phi c ti liu thit k, quy trnh cng ngh trc khi lp rp thnh cc cm thit b cng nh
kt cu thp ti ni ch to.
7.2

Cc chi tit my v kt cu trc kh lp phi kim tra s lng v chng nhn cht lng sau

gia cng xut xng theo bn v lp ca tng phn xng.

7.3

Lp rp cc c cu c kh ti nh my nh hp gim tc, hp chu lc, ti in v ti quay tay

phi c lp rp v cn chnh thnh b hon chnh trc khi a ti hin trng lp t. Sai s lp
rp v kim tra c quy nh ti iu A.30 Ph lc A.
7.4 Sau khi lp rp, cc b phn my phi c chy th khng ti theo thit k ti ni ch to v c
bin bn nghip thu cho tng b phn. Hp gim tc chy th 4 gi c o chiu, cc c cu khc
chy th 2 gi c o chiu.
7.5 Nhit du trong hp gim tc cho php khi chy th quy nh ti iu A.31 Ph lc A.
7.6 Nhit cc trt cho php khi chy th quy nh ti iu A.32 Ph lc A.
7.7 Lp rp v iu chnh cc b phn ta ng ca ca van quy nh ti iu A.33 Ph lc A.
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7.8 Nghim thu ti nh my: sau khi lp rp v chy th phi tin hnh kim tra v c xc nhn ca
KCS trc khi sn chng r.
7.9

Cc kt qu nghim thu ca KCS v vic nh gi cht lng ch to phi c ghi vo bin

bn v phi ng du kim tra ln sn phm mi c xut xng.

7.10 Ni dung kim tra:

a) S ph hp ca vt liu dng ch to so vi thit k;

b) Khng c khuyt tt bn ngoi vt liu;
c) chnh xc kch thc v dung sai lp ghp cho php;
d) Cht lng cc mi ghp hn, cc mi ghp bu lng;
e) Kt qu chy th;

f)

Cht lng lp sn chng r;

g) Kim tra chnh xc cc s liu ghi nht k ch ta, l lch my v ti liu nghim thu.
7.11 Yu cu v sn ph bo v :

a)

Tt c cc b phn, kt cu sau khi ch to xong, c KCS xc nhn mi c sn ph;

b)

Loi sn v chiu dy lp sn ph phi tun th thit k quy nh v phi ph hp mc ch s

dng, iu kin mi trng;

c)

Loi sn phi c chng ch ngun gc, cn hn s dng;

d)

B mt kim loi phi c lm nhn b mt, lau kh ro, sch du m trc khi sn.

7.12 Yu cu v gn nhn v nh du :

a)

Phi sn li hoc gn nhn hiu loi mu d phn bit;

b)

Phi ghi r trng lng ca kt cu, my khi c trng lng ln hn 5 000 kg;

c)

Phi bao gi, nh v cc tm, bn p v cc chi tit hn ni khc km theo cu kin ln khng
nhm ln, tht lc;

d)

Phi c bin php che chn bao bc cc b phn trt, khp ni, cc b phn t sn trnh cong
vnh, xy xc, sai lch trong qu trnh vn chuyn;

e)

Cc chi tit ring l, b phn o, thit b in phi c ng hp bo v;

f)

Phi hn quai mc cu hoc nh du v tr c php mc cp cu i vi vt c ti

trng trn 5.000 kg;

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g)

Cc loi xch, cp nng phi c bi m theo thit k.

7.13 Khi giao hng ti nh my cn c cc ti liu sau y:

a)

Phiu ghi cc c cu v kt cu thp chuyn giao c nhn hiu v trng lng;

b)

Cc giy xc nhn ca KCS ca tng cng on;

c)

Cc ti liu kim tra v chng nhn ca n v thit k;

d)

Bng k xc nhn cht lng thp, que hn, bulng v cc vt liu khc;

e)

Cc bin bn kim tra cht lng que hn trc khi hn;

f)

Bn ghi chng nhn bc th ca tng th hn;

g)

Bin bn kim tra cht lng mi hn v x l sau khi hn;

h)

Bin bn th nghim, chy th cc c cu;

i)

Bin bn th nghim cc kt cu chi tit khi c yu cu;

j)

Bin bn nghim thu cht lng sn.

8 Quy trnh vn chuyn v xp kho

8.1 Cn xc nh kch thc, trng lng hng v qung ng vn chuyn la chn phng tin
thch hp.
8.2 Cn c phng n k kch v chng buc bo m an ton cho ngi v phng tin vn
chuyn.
8.3 Phi kim tra li ton b danh mc hng, cc ti liu lin quan v quan st pht hin nhng sai
hng, thiu ht khi giao nhn ti nh my cng nh khi d hng sau vn chuyn. Tt c sai st thiu
ht u phi ghi bin bn.
8.4 Bo qun v xp kho trc khi lp t thc hin theo quy nh sau:

a)

Kt cu ln cng knh cho php ngoi tri nhng phi che kn, dng g k cao khi mt t t
20 cm tr ln;

b)

Cc b phn bi trn h u phi thay m mi, cc l tra du phi nt kn, chi tit my cha sn
phi bi m bo qun;

c)

Cc chi tit my ri, cm my ng m, xch, cp thp, ng c v thit b in phi trong kho,

k cao, kh ro trn cc gi g;

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d)

B phn chn nc bng cao su c bo qun ring, xa du m, ni c m thp hn

50 %, nhit nh hn 25 0C;

e)

Que hn, dy hn v thuc hn phi c bo qun ni kh ro, kn, trn cc gi ;

f)

Cc ng ng phi xp t trn cc tm k bng g v xp phn theo tng loi;

g)

Khi xp cc kt cu thnh nhiu lp, nht thit phi c lp m gia cc lp;

h)

Ca van lp hon chnh phi c k kch sao cho khng gy bin dng. Phn trt phi c
bi trn, bo v bng g tm, khng b bin dng, khng b ng nc.

8.5 Trc khi a ra lp t thit b, mi sai st u phi c sa cha, thay th v phi c s

ng ca thit k bng vn bn.
8.6 Trc khi lp t thit b c kh, kt cu thp, phi c cc ti liu k thut nh bn v lp tng
th, quy trnh lp rp, bin bn giao hng, bin bn bn giao mt bng, thit b s dng v cc iu
kin k thut ti hin trng.

9 Lp t ca van v thit b ng m
9.1 Lp t b phn t sn
9.1.1 Cng tc chun b
9.1.1.1

Ly du v nh tim mc lp rp, nh du to , cao , mc nh v theo bn v thit k.

Cc k hiu nh du phi d nhn thy v phi bo m cc im to c bo v trong qu

trnh thi cng v bn giao. Sai s chiu di tim lp rp cho php l 1mm/10m.
9.1.1.2 Phi dng thit b o nh my kinh v c chnh xc cao xc nh tim tuyn, o gc, xc
nh cao; o chiu di bng thc kim loi c chnh xc cp 2 theo tiu chun lin quan v dng
c o di v cc gc. Trc khi lp rp, cc du hiu thc t v tim lp rp phi c kim tra.
Thnh phn ban kim tra phi c i din n v lp rp v kt qu phi c ghi vo bin bn. Cha
c kt qu ca ban kim tra khng c tin hnh lp rp.
9.1.2

Lp t cc b phn t sn

9.1.2.1

Phi lm sch du m, cu bn, sn c b mt t sn tip gip vi b tng.

9.1.2.2

Trong qu trnh b tng, cc b phn t sn phi c c nh chc chn, bo m

khng b sai lch trong qu trnh thi cng.

9.1.2.3 i vi phng php b tng sau, phi kim tra tim lp rp, kch thc cc b phn cha
li, cc ct thp nh ra lin kt vi phn t sn m bo kh nng chu lc v ph hp vi sai s
cho php v v tr v kch thc theo bn v thit k, hoc ph hp vi quy nh ti cc iu A.33 v
A.34 ph lc A. Kt qu kim tra phi ghi vo bin bn trc khi b tng hon thin.

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9.1.2.4 Trc khi b tng ln sau ca phn t sn, phi nh xm v lm sch vt bn ca phn
b tng trc. Cc phn nh ra ca ct thp phi lm sch du m.
9.1.2.5 Hn ni phn t sn vi ct thp ch c thc hin. Cc thanh ni ct thp phi thng v
t theo hng chu lc khi b tng. di mi hn ni ca thanh ging vi phn t sn khng
nh hn 50 cm. V tr hn ni ct thp vi b phn t sn phi nm trong b tng sau khi .
9.1.2.6 Cc cng tc kim tra phi do ban gim st gm cc bn xy lp, lp rp, gim st A tin hnh
v ghi bin bn.
9.1.2.7 Sau 5 ngy k t ngy kim tra m cha b tng phn t sn th phi tin hnh kim tra
li chnh xc ca kt cu.
9.1.2.8 Trc khi tho vn khun phi kim tra li v tr tim lp rp ghi bin bn nghim thu.
9.1.2.9 Khi lp t b phn t sn ca ca van phng c bnh xe, ngoi vic ph hp quy nh cho
trong iu A.18 ph lc A, lch u ni mt chu lc khng ln hn 0,2 mm ng thi cn x l
mi dc thoi v chnh mt chu lc ca ng ray chnh hai bn cng nm trong mt mt phng.
Dung sai cho php ca phng ca n ph hp quy nh ti iu A.18 Ph lc A
9.1.2.10

Sai lch v tr gia tim thit k vi bulng mng ci quay ca van cung khng c ln

hn 1,0 mm.
9.1.2.11

Nu trong bn v thit k khng quy nh, dung sai v sai lch lp rp b phn t sn ca

van cung phi ph hp vi quy nh cho cc iu A.35, A.36 Ph lc A.

9.1.2.12

i vi ca van cung ct nc cao (k c ca van c khp lch tm) vi kt cu rnh van

m rng t ngt, sai lch cho php ca c li tnh t ng tim mt chun b ta giong chn nc
n tim ming cng l 2,0 mm; sai lch bn knh cong cho php l 3,0 mm; chiu sai lch phi
trng vi chiu sai lch bn knh cong ca cung ngoi tm mt cnh van; dung sai khe h gia mt
ngoi van cung n mt chun b ta giong chn nc khng c ln hn 3,0 mm.
9.1.2.13

Khi lp ring dm thp b ci quay van cung, sai lch cho php ca cao trnh v c ly

i vi ng tim ming cng l 1,5 mm. nghing ca dm thp b ci (iu A.14, Hnh A.2
Ph lc A) c khng ch theo tr s sai lch kch thc L khng c ln hn L/1 000.
9.1.2.14 Sai lch tim ca cung b mt ta giong v dung sai vung gc b mt u khng c
ln hn 1,0 mm (nu l mt khng gia cng, th dung sai vung gc l 2,0 mm), sai lch cho php
c ly b mt ca n i vi ng tim ming cng l
9.1.2.15

+2 , 0
1, 0 mm.

Sau khi b phn t sn c lp t v cn chnh, cn hn c nh bu lng iu chnh

vi cc bu lng no hoc tm no, m bo cc cu kin t sn khng b bin dng hoc x dch

trong qa trnh b tng t 2. Nu c yu cu gia c khc i vi cc b phn t sn, th lm theo
yu cu bn v thit k.

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9.1.2.16 Cn mi nhn, phng cc mi hn gip mp b mt lm vic ca b phn t sn.
9.1.2.17 Sau 5 ngy n 7 ngy k t khi lp xong cu kin t sn v kim tra t yu cu, th phi
b tng t 2, nu qu hn ni trn hoc b va chm, cn kim tra li mi c b tng. Chiu
cao lp b tng mt ln khng nn cao qu 5 m, khi cn m cht v trnh va p vi cu kin.
9.1.2.18

Sau khi tho vn khun b tng t 2, cn kim tra li v ghi chp, ng thi kim tra kch

thc b tr thit b, dn sch ct thp v rc bn tin cho vic ng m ca van sau ny.
9.1.2.19

Trc khi chn nc cng trnh, cn kim tra th nghim i vi tt c cc rnh ca van

sa cha v ca van dng chung.

9.2 Lp ca van phng
9.2.1 Lp thnh cm cc cu kin ca ca ch khi c cc ti liu k thut, c thit b thi cng theo
ng yu cu v cc dng c cn thit khc. i vi ca van qu c cn thc hin theo quy trnh thit
k cng ngh ring v sai s lp rp tun th cc quy nh ti iu A.20 Ph lc A. Cht lng mi
ghp bng bu lng hay hn cng phi bo m nh nh my ch to v quy trnh nu ti iu 6
trong tiu chun ny. Sau khi lp rp thnh cm phi c bin bn kim tra cht lng.
9.2.2 Tnh cht c l v chng loi, kch thc ca giong chn nc cn ph hp yu cu thit k.
Sai lch chiu dy l 1,0 mm, sai lch kch thc khc bng 2 % kch thc thit k.
9.2.3

ng tm cc l giong chn nc, tm p giong v l trn cnh van phi trng nhau.

ng knh l trn giong nh hn ng knh bu lng 1,0 mm. Sau khi xit cht bulng, phn nh
ca bulng t nht phi thp hn mt lm vic ca giong 8,0 mm.
9.2.4

Sau khi lp giong, sai lch cho php ca c ly 2 tm chn nc bn v chn nc nh n

mp chn nc y l 3,0 mm, bng mt chn nc l 2,0 mm. Ca van ti v tr lm vic, co

+2 , 0

p ca giong cao su cn ph hp quy nh ca bn v, sai lch cho php l 1, 0 mm.

9.2.5 Cn lm th nghim cn bng tnh i vi ca van phng theo phng php sau: nng cu ca
van cao hn mt t 100 mm, thng qua tim ca bnh xe hay rnh trt o nghing pha thng v
h lu, bn tri v bn phi. i vi ca van phng loi c im treo n, nghing khng c ln
hn 1/1000 chiu cao ca van, ng thi khng c ln hn 8,0 mm. i vi ca van phng c bnh
xe th nghing ca n khng c ln hn 1/1500 chiu cao ca van nhng cng khng c ln
hn 3,0 mm. Nu vt qu qui nh ni trn, cn lp thm i trng thch hp bo m ca van
c cn bng tnh.
9.2.6 Khi lp ca van phng vo v tr lm vic phi theo ng yu cu thit k v tiu chun ca van
phng chn. Cc ca van khi cu vo v tr lp t phi l ca van hon thin, cc b phn nh
giong chn nc, gi ta ng, cc chi tit c kh c lp rp y theo thit k v sn ph
y .

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9.2.7 B phn gi ta ng phi tip xc u vo ng trt.
9.2.8 Khe h ca bnh xe c so vi ng trt c khng sai khc so vi thit k qu 5,0 mm.
9.3 Lp t ca van cung
9.3.1

Dung sai v sai lch cho php lp t ci quay c khp bi tr, khp cu, khp hnh cn ca

ca van cung cn ph hp qui nh ti iu A.36 Ph lc A.

9.3.2 Khi t hp ca van cung kiu phn mnh thnh ca van hon chnh; ngoi vic phi kim tra li
cc kch thc qui nh ca bn tiu chun ny, cn p dng cng ngh hn c quy nh theo
yu cu thit k, hoc p dng phng php hn ni v kim tra theo tiu chun ny, khi hn cn p
dng cc bin php chng bin dng.
9.3.3 Cc ca van khi cu vo v tr lp t phi l ca van hon thin, cc b phn c lp rp y
theo thit k.
9.3.4 B phn gi ta ng phi tip xc u vo ng trt khe van.
9.3.5 Khe h ca bnh xe c so vi mt thp tm trt khe van khng sai khc so vi thit k qu
5,0 mm.
9.3.6

Kim tra ca v tr ta trn ngng v m ht khng b kt, bo m dung sai theo bn v

thit k mi c lp b phn lm kn nc.

9.3.7

B phn kn nc phi cn chnh m bo kn kht, tip xc u v khng b kt. Sai lch cho

php lp t giong chn nc bn v nh v cht lng giong cao su cn ph hp qui nh cho

iu 9.2.2 n iu 9.2.4.
9.3.8 Sai lch cho php bn knh cong R t tim trc khp quay n mp ngoi bn mt:

a)

i vi van cung kiu li nh l 8,0 mm, sai lch 2 bn i nhau khng c ln hn 3,0 mm;

b)

i vi van cung ct nc cao, rnh van m rng t ngt (k c van cung khp lch tm) l
3,0 mm, ng thi sai lch ca n cng chiu vi sai lch bn knh cong ca cung ngoi bn
mt, dung sai khe h t mt chun b chn nc bn n mt cung ngoi van cung khng c
ln hn 3,0 mm v sai lch tng i ca bn knh 2 bn khng c ln hn 1,5 mm.

9.4 Lp t van ch nhn

9.4.1 K thut khi lp t trc quay y ca ca van ch nhn (Hnh A.3) p ng yu cu sau:

a)

Sai lch cho php tim ca ci trc khng c ln hn 2,0 mm, sai lch cho php cao trnh khng
qu 3,0 mm, sai lch tng i cao ca 2 ci tri v phi khng c ln hn 2,0 mm;

b) Sai lch chiu ngang b trc y khng c ln hn 1/1 000.

9.4.2 Yu cu k thut khi lp t trc quay nh ca ca van ch nhn (iu A.14 hnh A.4 ph lc A):
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a)

Lp t b phn t sn trc quay nh theo cao thc t ca b trc quay nh trn cnh van,
sai lch cao 2 u thanh ko khng c ln hn 1,0 mm;

b)

Giao im ng tim ca 2 thanh ko phi trng vi tim ca trc quay nh, sai lch ca n
khng c ln hn 2,0 mm;

c)

ng tim trc quay nh v y phi trng nhau, dung sai ng trc ny l 2,0 mm;

d)

Hai tm b ca trc quay nh phi ng tm, nghing ca n khng c ln hn 1/1000.

9.4.3 B trc v gi khi lp t, ly ng thng ni lin tim gi hoc b nh, y kim

tra ng tim ca b trung gian, dung sai i xng ca n khng c ln hn 2,0 mm, ng
thi dung sai song song ca ng trc quay nh v trc quay y khng c ln hn 3,0 mm.
9.4.4

Sau khi cn chnh ming m v gi (iu A.14 Hnh A.5 Ph lc A) cn ph hp cc qui

nh sau y:

a)

i vi ming chn khng kt hp giong chn nc th khe h gia ming

chn v gi khng c ln hn 0,15 mm khe h lin tc, khe h cc b khng c ln
hn 0,4 mm. Nu n kt hp c giong chn nc, th cc tr s tng ng ni trn l 0,15
mm, khe h cc b khng c ln hn 0,3 mm; chiu di khe h lu tin khng ln hn 10
% chiu di ming chn gi trc v trc;

b)

Dung sai i xng C ca ng tim ming chn ca gi trc v b ca mi

i tip xc nhau khng c ln hn 5,0 mm.

9.4.5 Vt liu chn 3 ( nht kn khe h) phi ph hp vi yu cu thit k. Nu vt liu chn c

lm bng ho cht th thnh phn v t l phi hp phi thch hp v chiu dy vt liu chn ny
khng nn nh hn 20,0 mm. Nu chn bng hp kim ba-bt, th khe h ni trn nh hn 7,0 mm, sau
khi gia nhit m v b trc t ti 200 oC mi c vt liu chn. Nghim cm gia nhit bng la
hn xi - axetilen.
9.4.6 Trong qu trnh ca van ng t m hon ton n ng hon ton, nhy ln nht ca
mt im bt k trn tr ni nghing nh sau: khi chiu rng ca van t 12 m tr xung l -1,0 mm; khi
chiu rng ca van ln hn 12 m l -2,0 mm.
9.4.7 Sau khi lp t xong ca van ch nhn, vung gc (di) ca dm ngang y cnh van ti
mt u tr ni khng c ln hn 5,0 mm.
9.4.8

Khi ng hon ton ca van ch nhn, co p ca cc giong cao su l 2,0 mm 4,0 mm;

giong cao su y van cn tip xc u n vi mt ng thp gc ngng y ca van.

9.4.9 Khi chy th ca van ch nhn trng thi khng c nc, cn tnh n nh hng chnh
ca nhit hn vi nhit mi trng, x l chnh xc kh nng lm thay i v tr tng i v cc
kch thc hnh hc lin quan ca khi van.

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9.4.10 Quy trnh th nghim ca van nh sau:

a)

Sau khi lp t ca van, cn tin hnh th nghim ng m ca van hon ton trng thi khng
c nc. Trc khi th nghim, cn kim tra b phn mc treo v mc nh dm treo t ng c
lm vic linh hot v tin cy hay khng; van mi nc trong phm vi hnh trnh ln xung c nh
nhng khng, v tr thp nht, giong chn nc c kn cht khng; ng thi cn phi dn sch
rc trn ca van v trong cc rnh van, kim tra s ni tip ca cc dm nng h ca van. Khi
ng m ca van, cn nc bi trn vo giong cao su. C iu kin, nn th nghim ng
m ca van cng tc iu kin thy ng;

b)

Trong khi ng m ca van, cn kim tra tnh trng lm vic ca cc b phn truyn ng nh
trc quay, trc v.v.,trong khi nng h ca van hoc quay ca van c b kt khng, thit b ng
m 2 bn c ng b khng, giong cao su chn nc c b h hng khng;

c)

Khi ca van hon ton trng thi lm vic, kim tra mc co p ca giong cao su bng cc
phng php n chiu sng hay cc phng php khc sao cho khng c nh sng xuyn qua
giong. Nu giong chn nc nm pha thng lu ca van, th cn kim tra sau khi thit b
van tip xc vi ng ray;

d)

Khi ca van lm vic vi ct nc tnh ton, lng r r nc trn 1 mt chiu di giong chn
nc khng nn vt qu 0,1 L/s .

9.5 Lp t thit b ti
9.5.1 Phi dng thit b cu ng ti trng, tc v chiu cao nng ph hp, phi mc cu ng v
tr nh du trn thit b ti.
9.5.2 Chiu dy lp b tng di b lp ti khng nh hn 50 mm.
9.5.3

Sai s chiu cao t my so vi thit k trong khong 100 mm.

9.5.4

Sai lch v tr tai treo trn ca van phng so vi my theo hng thng h lu l 10 mm,

theo hng ngang khe van l 5,0 mm.

9.5.5

i vi ca quay ngang, v tr tai trn ca mc cp hoc xch v my phi nm trong mt

phng thng ng vung gc vi trc quay. Sai lch cho php ca cp so vi mt phng ng l

5,0 mm v xch l 3,0 mm.

9.5.6

Dung sai v kch thc so vi thit k trong phm vi mt phng ng cho cp v xch l

10,0 mm.
9.5.7

a)

Dung sai cho php theo phng ngang cho ti cp v xch:

Theo phng thng gc vi lc ko l 1,0 mm/1 m ca khong cch e gia cc gi trc

(iu A.14, Hnh A.6 Ph lc A);

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b)

Theo phng song song vi lc ko l 3 mm/1 m ca khong cch m gia cc gi trc.

9.5.8

thng bng ca my c ni vi cnh ca bng cht cng trong mt phng nm ngang

khng vt qu 1,0 mm/1 m chiu di khong cch gia 2 gi trc.

9.5.9 Khi lp ti t cc b phn, chi tit ring l phi tun th theo quy nh ti iu 7.3.
9.6 Lp t my vt
9.6.1 Phi dng thit b cu ng ti trng, tc v chiu cao nng ph hp, phi mc cu ng v
tr nh du trn my vt.
9.6.2

Chiu dy lp b tng di b lp my v hp chu lc khng nh hn 50,0 mm.

9.6.3

Sai s chiu cao t my so vi thit k trong khong 50,0 mm.

9.6.4 Sai lch v tr tai treo trn ca van phng theo hng ko ca so vi thit k l 5,0 mm.
9.6.5 Dung sai v kch thc so vi thit k trong phm vi mt phng ng cho vt me l 5,0 mm.
9.6.6 Dung sai cho php theo phng thng gc vi lc ko ca vt kp l 0,5 mm trn 1,0 m ca
khong cch gia hai vt.
9.6.7

thng bng ca my c ni vi cnh ca bng cht cng trong mt phng nm ngang

khng vt qu 0,5 mm trn 1 m chiu di khong cch gia 2 hp chu lc.

9.7 Lp t thit b nng kiu xi lanh thu lc
9.7.1

Phn xi lanh thy lc, bm v ng c phi c ch to, lp rp, kim tra, th nghim hon

chnh ti ni ch to.
9.7.2 Phi dng thit b cu ng ti trng, tc v chiu cao nng ph hp, phi mc cu ng v
tr nh du cu trn xi lanh v b du.
9.7.3 Tin hnh lp rp gi treo xi lanh, nn nguyn nt nha bo v.
9.7.4 Lp rp h thng ng ng dn du trong h thng iu khin thu lc phi thc hin theo quy
nh sau:

a)

S dng cc dng c c l tiu chun ng kch c lp rp, cc thit b c lp rp phi sch

s, lau kh v bi m ph hp;

b)

ng ng khng hn c lp vo cc u ni thu lc tiu chun theo bn v k thut;

c)

S dng ng kp thng dng nh v cc ng ng;

d)

Lp h thng van, h thng iu khin thu lc ng v tr;

e)

Kim tra tng th;

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TCVN 8298 : 2009

f)

du vo trm ngun;

g)

Chy th khng ti, kim tra lc du, hi lu. Thay ton b du sau khi chy th c ti;

h)

Cc ng dn c th kn kht bng p lc theo quy nh ca thit k v thi gian duy tr ti

thiu phi trn 15 pht v p lc du khi th khng b h thp 5 % p lc du ti a.

9.7.5 Sai lch v tr treo hai xi lanh theo hng ko ca so vi thit k l 2 mm.
9.7.6

thng bng ca my c ni vi cnh ca bng cht cng trong mt phng nm ngang

khng vt qu 0,5 mm trn 1m chiu di khong cch gia 2 xi lanh.

9.8

Lp t li chn rc

9.8.1 Sai lch cho php lp t b phn t sn li chn rc kiu di ng phi ph hp vi gi tr quy
nh ti iu A.37 Ph lc A
9.8.2 Khi li chn rc t nghing, sai lch cho php ca gc nghing ca b phn t sn l 10' .
9.8.3 Khi lp t li chn rc kiu c nh, b mt lm vic cc dm ngang cn nm trn cng mt
mt phng, tr s sai lch gia im cao nht v im thp nht khng c ln hn 3,0 mm.
9.8.4 Sau khi cu t li chn rc vo khe, cn kim tra li chn rc c b kt hay khng, kim tra
s ni tip cc mnh li chn rc khi lp.
9.8.5 Cn tha mn cc iu kin ph hp v hiu qu khi s dng my vt rc ca li chn rc.
9.9 Lp t cu trc
Cu trc v ng ray cu trc phi tun th cc quy nh trong cc tiu chun lin quan v thit b
nng - Yu cu v an ton trong lp t v s dng.
9.10 Sn ph hon thin
Sau khi lp t phi sn ph hon thin ton b thit b trc khi chy th.

10 Bn giao, nghim thu ti hin trng

10.1 Nghim thu tnh
10.1.1 n v lp rp thit b cn trnh ra hi ng nghim thu cc ti liu sau y:
a)

Bn v thi cng ca kt cu bn giao;

b)

Bin bn nghim thu ca nh my ch to;

c)

Bin bn nghim thu vch tuyn tim lp rp;

d)

Nht k ca ngi kim tra;

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e)

Phiu ghi tn kt cu, thit b bn giao;

f)

Nhng sai lch so vi thit k, cc bin bn x l;

g)

Bin bn kim tra cc mi hn;

h)

Bn v hon cng ca phn lm;

i)

Nhng sai st v vt liu;

j)

Cht lng cc mi hn ni, ghp bu lng v dung sai;

k)

Cht lng g gi bo m nhng phn t sn trc khi b tng v sai s

sau khi b tng khng sai khc so vi thit k;

l)

Bin bn th nghim.

10.1.2

Sau khi xem xt c h s, thit b t ng cht lng lp t th k bin bn nghim thu

tnh. Thnh phn nghim thu theo quy nh lin quan.

10.2 Nghim thu chy th khng ti
10.2.1 Sau khi nghim thu tnh, n v lp rp tip tc hon chnh, kim tra bn ngoi v tin hnh
chy th nghim khng ti. H s nghim thu gm c:
a)

Bin bn nghim thu tnh;

b)

Ton b bn v thi cng cc thit b c lp t hon chnh trn cng trnh;

c)

Bin bn nghim thu tim mc lp rp v cc ph lc;

d)

Bin bn nghim thu cc b phn t sn trc v sau b tng km theo ph lc;

e)

Bn k cc ti liu, s liu khi lp t so vi thit k v cc ph nh bn tho hoc bn sao;

f)

Bn sao ti liu v hn in khi lp rp v cc ph bn;

g)

Nht trnh ghi chp ca hi ng kim tra cc thit b c kh;

h)

Bin bn kim tra v khe h, th nghim p lc ng ng, cc thng s ti trng, vn tc, kch
thc hnh hc ca thit b ng m.

10.2.2

Ni dung kim tra bn ngoi ti hin trng:

a)

Nhng sai hng bn ngoi ca vt liu;

b)

chnh xc ch to v lp rp t c;

c)

chnh xc ca b phn di trt t sn;

d)

Cht lng lp rp giong chn nc ( kn kht khi ng ht);

e)

Cht lng cc mi hn, mi ghp khi thc hin ti cng trng;

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f)

chnh xc lp t my ng m;

g)

n khp ca cc b truyn h, phanh hm, ng trc ca cc b truyn kp;

h)

Tnh trng lm vic ca h thng bi trn ;

i)

n nh ca cc cm v b phn bt cht;

j)

chnh xc v tr ca cc b phn ng m;

k)

Cht lng khp ni co dn;

l)

Kim tra cht lng sn ph;

m) Kim tra chnh xc ca vic ghi chp cc phiu v ti liu;

n)

Cho chy th khng ti tng phn theo hnh trnh ng m, kim tra h thng iu khin khi ng
ht v m ht theo thi gian quy nh. Sau khi chy th theo thi gian quy nh v o c cc
thng s k thut; nu t c yu cu theo thit k v tiu chun chn th k bin bn
nghim thu chy th khng ti.

10.3 o c khi chy th

Trnh t v ni dung o c khi chy th nh sau:

a)

Chun b y phng tin thit b o kim tra cn thit, hp chun;

b)

o cng sut tiu th ca ng c in cc ch lm vic khc nhau;

c)

o kim tra nhit ng c, cng dng in, kim tra thit b in;

d)

o tc ng m ca van, thi gian ng m;

e)

Kim tra s n khp. i vi bnh rng h phi kim tra khe h cc bnh rng khi lm vic c ti;

f)

Kim tra chnh xc ca cp cun ln tang, tc ng u ca cc nhnh cp i vi my

nng kp;

g)

Kim tra s bi trn ca cc b phn;

h)

Kim tra nhit ca cc b phn , phanh hm, hp gim tc;

i)

Kim tra s chnh xc v tin cy ca thit b phanh hm, iu khin, an ton.

CH THCH:

1)

Cc kt qu trong qu trnh kim tra, th nghim v kt lun nghim thu phi ghi y vo bin bn nghim thu theo
mu quy nh hin hnh;

31

TCVN 8298 : 2009

2)

Sau khi kim tra, nghim thu nu c sai st cn c phng n sa cha. Sai st thuc n v no th n v phi b
kinh ph thc hin;

3)

Tu theo iu kin ca cng trnh m cho nghim thu chy th c ti. Cch thc nghim thu chy th c ti tin hnh
nh nghim thu chy th khng ti, ch khc l c ti tc dng.

10.4 Quy trnh vn hnh, bo dng

C quan thit k phi son tho v hng dn quy trnh vn hnh, bo dng thit b v bn giao,
hng dn cho ban qun l cng trnh.

Ph lc A
(Quy inh)

32

TCVN 8298 : 2009

Cc bng biu

A 1 Mt s loi thp v que hn c dng cho kt cu thp cng trnh thy li

Bng A.1
Loi

Thp
cc bon

Hn tay

Hn di lp thuc hn

Mc que hn

Mc que hn

Mc thp
CT34

E4316

H08A

HJ401

CT38

E4303

CT42

E4315

16Mn

E5016

H08MnA

HJ401

16Mnq

E5015

H10MnSi

HJ401

H10Mn2

HJ402

H08MnA

HJ401

E5016-G

H10MnSi

HJ401

E5015-G

H10Mn2

HJ402

09Mn2
Thp
hp kim
thp

15MnV

E5016

Mc que hn

Kh bo v

H08Mn2SiA

CO2

CO2
H08Mn2SiA

CO2

E5015
15MnTi

Thp
khng r

Hn trong kh bo v

H08Mn2SiA

0Cr18Ni9Ti

E0-19-10Nb-16

H0Cr20Ni10Ti

Ar

1Cr18Ni9Ti

E0-19-10Nb-15

H0Cr19Ni9Ti

Ar

A 2 Mt s loi thp dng ch to c kh thy cng

Bng A.2
Tn b phn my

Vt liu

1. B phn ta ng:
bnh xe, trc, ci quay,
bnh rng, vit me, trc vt

C45, C45c C35, C35c,

C50, 65Mn, 20Cr13, 40Cr,
40CrMn, 18CrMnTi, 30Cr13

Tn b phn my
2. Bc trt

Vt liu
6-6-3
9-4
10-1

A.3 Dung sai chiu di, chiu rng cho php khi ct phi thp gia cng
Bng A.3

33

TCVN 8298 : 2009

Sai lch cho php v kch thc so vi thit k, mm
Hng mc

Khi khong di ca chi tit , m

<1,5

1,5 2,5

2,5 4,5

4,5 9

9 15

15 21

- Ct th cng bng xi

2,5

3,5

4,5

- Ct na t ng, t ng
theo khun hay ng k

1,5

2,5

3,5

- Ct bng my trn ng
chuyn t ng

1,5

2,5

3,5

0,5

1,5

2,5

- Khi hn gip mp

- Khi hn chng

10

> 21

1. Chiu di, rng chi tit

- Ct bng dao hoc phay

2. Hiu s chiu di hai
ng cho ca tm thp

A.4 vng cho php ca trc theo tc quay

Bng A.4
TT

Tc ca trc quay, vg/ph

Tr s vng cho php, mm

< 100

0,2/1 m di nhng nh hn 0,4

100 300

0,15/1 m di nhng nh hn 0,3

> 300

0,1/1 m di nhng nh hn 0,2

A.5 Sai s ch to tang cun cp

Bng A.5
Tn cc sai s
Chiu dy thnh tang c, tang hn
van

Tr s cho php, mm

0,06 chiu dy thnh tang theo thit k

0,003.Dng

Sai s ng knh so vi thit k

Sai lch chiu su rnh cun cp so vi thit k

Sai lch v hiu s ng knh ca hai tang trong

cng mt c cu (nng cng mt ca)

< 0,5

cn cho php

0,001

A 6 Sai s ch to bnh xe

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Bng A.6
Tn cc sai s

Tr s cho php, mm

Sai s ng knh lm vic ca bnh xe

0,005.D

Sai s chiu rng lm vic ca bnh xe

0,0 +2,0

van v cn b mt ln

0,005.D

Dung sai lp ghp gia trc v bc

Theo IT9 (H9/d9)

Dung sai lp ghp gia bnh xe v bc

Theo IT8 (H8/t8)

0,0 +2,0

Sai s bn knh chuyn tip t b mt ln n b mt mp bnh xe

A 7 Sai s ch to rng rc
Bng A.7
Tn cc sai s

Tr s cho php, mm

Sai s khe h gia dng v bin dng rnh (o t pha di ln hay

cng mt pha)

0,5

o hng tm ca rnh

0,2

x dch tm bin dng a so vi tm a

0,1

A .8 Bn knh cong v vng cho php tin hnh un nn ngui

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Bng A.8
Loi
thp
hnh

ng
tm
un

Cho php un ngui

r

Cho php nn ngui

r

Dng tit din

Bn kinh cong r v vng f

x-x

y
y
b

Thp
tm,
bn

25.a

L2
200 a

x-x

45.b1

L2
360 b1

90.b1

L2
720.b1

y-y

45.b2

L2
360 b 2

90.b2

L2
720.b2

x-x

25.h

L2
200 h

60.h

L2
400.h

y-y

25.h

L2
360 b

90.h

L2
720.b

x-x

25.h

L2
200 h

50.h

L2
400.h

y-y

25.b

L2
200.b

50.b

L2
400.b

y-y

b1

y
Thp
gc

b2

y
x

Thp
ch U

y
b

y
Thp
ch I

y
b

50.a

y
x

x-x
30.d

Thp
ng

y-y

y
CH THCH: L : chiu di phn b cong;
a, b, h : chiu di, chiu rng, chiu cao ca tit din;
d - ng knh ng

A. 9 Cht lng b mt v mt ct ca vt liu

Bng A.9
36

L2
400.a

60.d

L2
200.b

TCVN 8298 : 2009

Loi khuyt tt

Kt cu chnh ca van

Kt cu ph ca van

0,1 mm

0,3 mm

Khng cho php

Mt vt 1 mm trong phm vi 1 m

Mc li lm ca b mt
Vt xc, vt kha
Ra, xm x vy

Phi ty b trc khi kim tra hoc trc khi sn

B cnh sc

Cho php lm trn b cnh c ng knh 0,5 mm 1,0 mm

A .10 Sai s kch thc gia mt phng gia cng ca cc kt cu my

Bng A.10
n v tnh tnh bng mm

Kch thc

Dung sai

Kch thc

Dung sai

10 50

0,3

1.501 2.500

1,5

51 120

0,5

2.501 3.500

2,0

121 260

0,6

3.50 1 5.000

2,5

261 500

0,8

5.001 10.000

3,0

501 7 50

0,9

10.001 15.000

4,0

751 1.000

1,0

15.001 20.000

5,0

1.000 15.000

1,2

A.11 Sai lch cho php ca kch thc di cc chi tit kt cu khi ct
Bng A.11
TT
1

Hng mc

Chiu di ca chi tit kt cu, m

<1,5

1,5-2,5

2,5-4,5

4,5-9,0

9,0-15,0 15,0-21,0

- Ct th cng bng xy, mm

2,5

3,0

3,5

4,0

4,5

5,0

- Ct na t ng, t ng
theo khun hay ng k, mm

1,5

2,0

2,5

3,0

3,5

4,0

- Ct bng my trn ng
chuyn t ng, mm

1,0

1,5

2,0

2,5

3,0

3,5

- Ct bng dao hoc phay, mm

0,5

1,0

1,5

2,0

2,5

3,0

- Khi hn gip mp, mm

4,0

5,0

6,0

- Khi hn chng, mm

6,0

8,0

10,0

>21,0

Sai lch v chiu di, chiu

rng chi tit

Sai lch v hiu s chiu di

hai ng cho ca tm thp

A 12 Sai s kch thc cho php ca thp hnh khi ct

Bng A.12
37

TCVN 8298 : 2009

Loi sai s ca
thp hnh

Dung sai cho php, mm

Sai s t cho php trong phm vi 1m:

e > 12; t < 1

Khi e > 4 12; t 1,5
e 4; t 2

1. phng thp
tm, thp dt

100
f

2. vung gc
cc cnh

b
f

b
100

3. vung gc
ca cc cnh
thp I, U

e
H

4. xon e ca
thp L, I v U

b
nhng khng ln hn 2
30

Theo H

Chiu
di L

100

>100

2000

e 1

e 1,5

e
H

>2000
L

0,5
e=
L
1000
Nhng e 2

0,75
L
1000
Nhng e 2
e=

A. 13 Dung sai ng knh ca l khoan lp bu lng

Bng A.13
n v tnh tnh bng mm

38

TCVN 8298 : 2009

ng knh thn bulng , mm

K hiu
bulng

ng knh l bulng v sai s cho php, mm

Loi th

Loi tinh

Loi th

Loi tinh

M12

12

12,8

13 (0,+ 0,5)

13 (0,+ 0,2)

M14

14

14,8

15 (0,+ 0,5)

15 (0,+ 0,2)

M16

16

16,8

17 (0,+ 0,5)

17 (0,+0,2)

M18

18

19,0

19 (0,+ 0,5)

19 (0,+ 0,3)

M20

20

20,7

21 (0,+ 0,5)

21 (0,+ 0,3)

M22

22

22,7

23 (0,+ 0,5)

23 (0,+ 0,3)

M24

24

25,6

26 (0,+1,0)

26 (0,+ 0,3)

M27

27

27,6

29 (0,+1,0)

29 (0,+ 0,3)

M30

30

31,6

32 (0,+1,0)

32 (0,+ 0,4)

M36

36

37,5

38 (0,+1,0)

38 (0,+ 0,4)

M42

42

44,5

45 (0,+1,0)

45 (0,+ 0,4)

A. 14 Sai s cho php ca l khoan khi lp ghp t cc chi tit ri

Bng A.14
Quy cch

Tn sai lch

Tr s cho php,
mm

T l sai lch cho php ca cc l

trong mt cm chi tit

< 0,5

Cho php

0,5 1

50 %

1,0 1,5

10 %

3% s< < 2

Cho php

> 2

Khng cho php

< 0,1

Cho php

0,1 0,3

25 %

> 0,3

Khng cho php

1 % s< < 1

Cho php

> 1

Khng cho php

khng trng khp

Mi ghp
bu lng th

xin ng tm

khng trng khp

Mi ghp
bu lng tinh

xin ng tm

A .15 Cc hnh minh ho

b
b

a)

b)

CH THCH: a) Hn gc; b) Hn gip mi mt lp

Hnh A1- Dng ngu ca mi hn:

Hnh A.2- nghing dm thp b ci quay 39

TCVN 8298 : 2009

A-A

1
2

4
A

65

4
A
CH THCH:
1) Np trn trc quay,
2) Lt trc, 3) u ci, 4) B trc quay y.

Hnh A.3 - Kt cu trc quay y

CH THCH: 1)Trc quay, 2) Cht, 3)Tm b, 4) Cnh van

Hnh A.4 - Kt cu trc quay nh thanh ko

Hnh A.6 - Lp t ti
CH THCH:
1)B , 2) Ming m, 3) Vt liu chn
(ming chn), 4) B

Hnh A.5 - Kt cu ming m

40

TCVN 8298 : 2009

A. 16 Sai s kch thc cho php ca tit din ghp hn
Bng A.15
Loi thp

= 0,002 h

1. Sai s cho:
- Chiu rng b
- Chiu cao h
- Khong cch bn bng c

Dung sai cho php, mm

= 0,005b
Nhng khng ln hn 2

b1
a

2. khng vung gc a
ca bn cnh vi bn bng

b1
nhng khng ln hn 2
150

a < 0,003b nhng khng ln hn 2

e
3. chuyn dch v tr
ng tm e ca bn bng

100

100

4. phnh cc b ca bn
bng t

e=0,1 chiu dy bn bng nhng

khng ln hn 2 mm

t Sai s t khng ln hn 2 mm

5. cong theo chiu di L

Chiu di cu kin 1m khng ln

hn 1mm; khi chiu di tng thm
1m th sai s tng 0,5 mm nhng
khng ln hn 2 mm trn ton b
chiu di cu kin L

6. un cong e ca mt
chu lc theo chiu di L

e 1 / 1000 .L ca cu kin nhng nh

hn 4 mm

7. un cong e ca mt
bn theo chiu di L

e 1 / 1000 .L ca cu kin nhng

nh hn 6 mm

A. 17 Sai s ch to b phn t sn
41

TCVN 8298 : 2009

100

f1

c=0,1

Bng A.16

1m

1- Ray
2-B phn

t s
n

Sai s, mm
Hng mc

Kch thc mt ghp hn

khng qua gia cng

Kch thc mt ghp hn

qua gia cng

1. Theo mt ct A-A, vung gc vi

ng ray chnh

f=(1/1 500).L nhng khng f=(1/2 000).L nhng khng ln

ln hn 3 (L di cu hn 1 (L di cu kin)
kin)

2. Theo mt ct B-B, song song vi

ng ray

f1=(1/1 000). L nhng khng f1=(1/1 000).L nhng khng

ln hn 4
ln hn 2

3. phng cc b ca mt cng
tc e

e = (1/1 000).L
khng ln hn 2

4. xon, cong vnh

Trong phm vi 3 m khng ln hn 1 mm, c tng 1 m th tng

thm 0,5 mm v khng qu 2 mm

5. Khe h cc b gia ng ray 1

v b phn t sn 2 theo chiu di

C = 0,1 mm, chiu di khe h khng qu 100 mm/1 m di

nhng e = (5/10 000).L nhng khng

ln hn 1,5

A .18 Sai s ch to b phn t sn - ray v ta giong chn nc

Bng A.17
42

TCVN 8298 : 2009

Ray v mt ta giong

Sai s, mm

- Khong cch t nh ng ray n

tm mt ta ca giong chn nc c
- Khong cch tm ray n tm mt ta
giong a

0,5

1'

Cc thng s

2,0

3
- Khong cch t mt ta giong chn
nc n mt ng ray ngc

1'

2
a

2,0

4
- Khong cch t nh ng ray n
mt ray bnh xe c a

3,0

- Khong cch t tm ng ray ngc

ti mt ray bnh xe c a

3,0

Dung sai cho php kch thc a, b trong

khe van khng ln hn

1,0

A.19 Sai s phng, thng cho php ca ray theo chiu di

Bng A.18
di ng chy,
mm

Loi sai s
lm ca
ng ray, mm

lm ca mt chu p lm
ng chy, mm

phng ca
ng ray, mm

1000

0,15

0,20

0,4

> 1000 2500

> 2500 4000
> 4000 63000
> 6300 10000

0,20

0,30

0,5

0,25

0,40

0,6

0,30

0,50

0,8

0,40

0,60

1,0

A .20 Sai s cu kin t sn cho tng ngc v tm ta giong chn nc

Bng A.19
43

TCVN 8298 : 2009

Dung sai, mm
Hng mc
B mt cu kin cha gia cng
1. thng ca mt lm vic e

e 1/1500 chiu di cu kin nhng khng ln hn 3

2. thng ca mt bn e

e 1/1 000 chiu di cu kin nhng khng ln hn 4

3. phng cc b ca mt lm vic

Trong phm vi 1m2 khng ln hn 1 v khng nhiu hn 3

v tr

4. un cong

Cu kin di 3 m khng ln hn 2, tng thm 1 m di th

tng thm 0,5 v khng ln hn 3

5. Sai s kch thc tng ngc

Khng ln hn 3 mm trn ton b chiu di

A. 21 Sai lch cho php khi gia cng ca van phng

Bng A.20
l'

f1

l
B

D1
D2

Hng mc
1. Chiu dy ca b

2. Chiu rng B, chiu cao H

44

Kch thc, mm

Sai lch cho php, mm

b 500
b > 500 1000
b > 1000

(2mm + 0,007b)
nhng khng ln
hn gi tr ct bn

2 ,0
3 ,0
5 ,0

B, H 5000

(2mm + 0,007B)
hoc (2mm +
0,007H) nhng
khng ln hn gi
tr ct bn

5 ,0
8 ,0
10 ,0
12 ,0

> 5000 10000

> 10000 15000
> 15000

TCVN 8298 : 2009

Bng A.20 (tip theo)
Hng mc

Kch thc, mm

3. sai lch tng i gia hai ng Dmax 5000

cho:
> 5000 10000

> 10000 15000

> 15000

Dmax-Dmin

4. un cong

3,0

>10000

4,0

6. cong ca ca theo chiu ng f1

(ch c cong v pha p lc nc)
B 10000

8. lch ng tm hai dm bin:

l 'l
9. Sai lch v tr dm dc
10. Khe h cc b gia bn mt v dm

11. phng cc b b mt tn bng

3,0
4,0
5,0
6,0

B 10000

5. cong ca ca theo chiu ngang f

(ch c cong v pha p lc nc)

7. Khong cch tm hai dm bin

Sai lch cho php, mm

B
v khng ln hn 6
1500
H
v khng ln hn 4
1500
3 ,0
4 ,0
5 ,0

> 10000 15000

> 15000
B 10000

> 10000 15000

> 15000

5
2
1,0
Trong phm vi 1 m khng ln hn:
4
3
2

dy :

10
> 10 16
> 16

12. lch mp di y ca van 2C

13. phng mp di ca van
14. phng ca mt y 2 dm bin
15. Sai s khong cch mt lp giong
chn nc v b
16. Khong cch gia tim l vt chn
giong cnh bn v tim ca van
17. Khong cch gia tim l vt chn
giong y v mp y ca

3
2,0
2,0
1,0
1,5
3,0

A.22 Sai lch khu cho php ca gi ta ng

Bng A.21
TT

Khu , mm

1
2
3

5000
> 5000 10000
> 10000

Sai lch cho php, mm

Bnh xe
2
3
4

Gi trt ng
2
2
2

A.23 Sai lch cho php khu bnh xe ca ca van theo ng ray chu ti

45

TCVN 8298 : 2009

Bng A.22
Khu , mm

Sai lch cho php, mm

5000

> 5000 10000

> 10000

A.24 Sai lch cho php khi gia cng ca van cung
Bng A.23

D2

l'

D1

l
H

Sai lch cho php, mm

Hng mc

1. Chiu dy dn
ngang v tn bng
(bn mt ca b)

2. Sai lch chiu rng

B, chiu cao H

Kch thc, mm

b 500
b > 500 1000
b > 1000

B hoc H 5000

> 5000 10000

> 10000 15000
> 15000
3. Sai lch tng i
ca ng cho
D1 - D2

46

D1 5000

> 5000 10000

> 10000

Cng
Cng l
ngm
thin
(2mm+0,007.b), nhng
khng ln hn gi tr
di y:
3 ,0
4 ,0
5 ,0

Ghi ch

(2mm+0,007b), nhng
khng ln hn gi tr
di y:
5 ,0
8 ,0
10 ,0
12 ,0
3,0
4,0
5,0

o mi ghp cng
vi dm chnh

TCVN 8298 : 2009

Bng A.23 (tip theo)
Sai lch cho php, mm
Hng mc

4. Cong vn

5. phng theo
chiu ngang ca

Kch thc, mm

Cng
ngm

5000
> 5000 10000
> 10000
5000
> 5000 10000
> 10000
5000

3,0

6,0

> 5000 10000

4,0

7,0

> 10000

5,0

8,0

6. Khe h gia tm
c v cung theo
chiu dc ca

tm dm bin: l 'l

o mi ghp cng
vi dm chnh

2,0
3,0
4,0

o 4 gc ca cnh
van

6,0

B 10000

o ng tm dm
chnh, ph hay dm
dc vi c o dy
cung 3m

3,0

> 10000 15000

> 15000
2,0
1,0
Trong 1m2

dy :

> 6 10
> 10 16
> 16

3,0
3,0
2,0

5,0
4,0
3,0

12. thng mt y
cnh van

2,0

13. lch 2 mp
y ca van 2C

3,0

14. Khong cch t

tim l vt m chn
nc bn n tm
ca van

1,5

15. Sai s gia 2 tm

mt bch lp bn mt
L

o ng tm dm
chnh, ph hay gii
hn dm ngang

3 ,0

9. lch v tr dm
dc
10. Khe h cc b
gia bn mt v dm
11. phng cc b
tn bng

Ghi ch

2,0
3,0
4,0

3,0

7. Khong cch tm
hai dm chnh
8. lch hai ng

Cng l
thin

L 4000

> 4000 6000

> 6000

2 ,0
3 ,0
4 ,0

47

TCVN 8298 : 2009

Bng A.23 (tip theo)
Kim tra t hp trc khi xut xng:
A R'

l2

D1
D2

Hng mc
16. lch a ca hai mt bch ca
hai cng ni vi ci quay
17. Sai s ca ng tm hai cng
pha b quay
18. khng ng tm cng e1
19. khng ng tm cng e2
20. Sai s ca ng tm hai cng
n tm ng ca van pha bn mt
21. Sai s tng i ng cho 2
cng D1 D2
22. lch v tr cng trn v di
c= l3 l3
'

23. Sai lch bn knh R

e1

e2

l1

l3

l2

l'3

l1

A-A

Sai lch cho php, mm

Cng ngm
Cng l thin
a khng ln hn 1,0 mm v
nghing mt khng qu
1/1000

Ghi ch

l1= 1 ,0 mm
Khng ln hn 2,0
Khng ln hn 4,0
L2= 1,5
Khng ln hn 3,0
Khng ln hn 5,0
Ca van cung kiu nh u
Sai lch tng i hai bin
Ca cung kiu l chm
Sai lch tng i hai bin
Ca cung ct nc cao, c yu
cu m rng khe van t ngt

7 ,0
5,0

3
3,0

3
1,0

CH THCH:
Khi khong cch ca tim 2 dm bin v thng ng ca n c lin quan n giong chn nc bn, th sai s ca n cn
ng quy nh ca bn v thit k.

A.25 Dung sai hnh dng theo chiu ngang ca van cung

48

TCVN 8298 : 2009

Bng A.24
Hng mc

Kch thc tham kho, mm

Sai s cho php, mm

1. thng ngang ca ca van

1000
> 1000 1600
> 1600 2500
> 2500 4000
> 4000 6300
> 6300 2500

0,5
0,8
1,0
1,2
1,5
2,0

2. thng ca cc mt ghp

630
> 630 1000
> 1000 1600
1600 2500

0,25
0,3
0,4
0,5

A.26 Sai lch cho php khi gia cng ca van ch nhn
49

TCVN 8298 : 2009

Bng A.25
B

B/2

B/2

Kch thc,
mm

Hng mc
1. Chiu dy ca b

b 500

b > 500 1000

b > 1000

2. Chiu cao H

3. Chiu rng B/2

4. Sai lch tng i gia hai ng

cho:
Dmax-Dmin

5. cong vn

Sai lch cho php, mm

2 ,0

(2 mm+0,007b)

Nhng khng ln hn
gi tr ct bn

5 ,0

> 5000 10000 (2 mm+0,007B;

> 10000 15000 hoc H) Nhng khng
ln hn gi tr ct bn
> 15000

8 ,0

B 5000

2 .5

> 5000 10000

> 10000

4,0
5 ,0

Dmax 5000

3,0

> 5000 10000

> 10000 15000
> 15000

4,0

B 10000

3,0

>10000

4,0

5,0
6,0

B
v khng ln hn 4
1500

7. cong ca ca theo chiu ng f1

(ch c cong v pha p lc nc)

H
v khng ln hn 6
1500
B 10000

3 ,0

> 10000 15000

> 15000

4 ,0

9. Khe h cc b gia bn mt v dm

5 ,0
1,0

A.27 Sai s cho php ca li chn rc

Bng A.26
50

5 ,0

H 5000

6. cong ca ca theo chiu ngang f

(ch c cong v pha p lc nc)

8. Khong cch tm hai dm bin

3 ,0

10 ,0
12 ,0

TCVN 8298 : 2009

Hng mc

Dung sai v sai lch cho php, mm

1. phng b mt lm vic

1/1 000 chiu di cu kin, nhng khng ln hn 6 mm

2. phng b mt bn

1/750 chiu di cu kin, nhng khng ln hn 8 mm

3. phng cc b b mt lm vic

Khng ln hn 2 mm trn 1 m2 din tch

4. un cong

Khng ln hn 3 mm

A.28 Cc phng php kim tra cht lng mi hn kt cu thp

Bng A.27
Phng php kim tra

Dng kt cu

1. R sot ton b cc bc trong quy trnh cng ngh hn

Tt c cc kt cu

2. Quan st b ngoi bng knh lp v o kch thc mi

hn bng dng so snh vi thit k

Tt c cc kt cu

3. Kim tra xc sut mi hn bng siu m hoc bng tia

pht x xuyn thu

Cc ca van loi va v ln

4. Kim tra 100 % mi hn bng siu m

Cc kt cu chu lc chnh do thit k

quy nh.

Phng php kim tra

Dng kt cu

5. Kim tra bng thm du ho trong 2 gi hoc chn

khng

Kt cu thp dng tm v mi hn
yu cu kn, c.

6. Th mi hn bng thu lc v kh nn

Theo yu cu thit k

7. Kim tra bng phng php khng ph hng lin kt

Dng kt cu do thit k quy nh

8. Th nghim c tnh trn cc mu

Do thit k yu cu v quy nh

9. Quan st kim tng mi hn

Do thit k yu cu v quy nh

A.29 Cc tr s khuyt tt cho php ca mi hn khi kim tra

Bng A.28
51

TCVN 8298 : 2009

Tn gi v hnh v cc khuyt tt

Sai s cho php

- li lm mt ng hn theo chiu dc.

h 2 mm/25 cm di

- li lm mt ng hn theo chiu ngang

f 0,5 mm khi s 10 mm

f 1 mm khi s>10 mm

Cch kim tra

Dng thc dt
v thc o chiu
su

l=
2
5
cm

Cc vt lm trn mt thp hn
Khng cho php i vi mi
hn i u. Cc mi hn khc
f 0,05s v <1mm/25 % chiu
di mi hn

Dng thc dt
v thc o chiu
su

4mm = a1 a 2

Dng thc kp
v thc dt

Chnh lch hai cnh ng hn

Chiu rng khng u theo chiu di mi hn

F = d-e 0,1b < 2mm mi hn

i u
f = d - e 0,2b mi hn cn li

li, lm ca mi hn gc

a = 0 1,5 v
a = 0,7 4 khi on kim tra
nh hn 10 % chiu dI
ng hn

Dng c chun
theo thit k

Khng cho php

Thc v dng

Vt nt trn b mt v bn trong mi hn

Khng cho php

Siu m

Bt kh mt hn

ng knh tng ng d
0,3 mm

Siu m

G bc ln ca ng hn vi kim loi

Khuyt tt bn trong: khng ngu, r kh v + C 6 khuyt tt d 1 mm

ngm x: + Nm ring r
trn 240 mm di, cc khuyt
tt cch nhau >15 mm
+ Mt dy cc khuyt tt

+ Mt dy khuyt tt d 1 mm
Siu m
di< 20 mm/ 240 mm chiu di
+ Mt ch tp trumg khuyt tt
c din tch < 1cm2 trn 240 mm
di

A.30 Cho php x l khuyt tt mi hn

52

TCVN 8298 : 2009

Bng A.29
Loi khuyt tt cho php x l

Phng php x l

1. Li lm, lm trn b mt bn
thp

Phi hn p v dng my mi, phay bng mt thp hn, to nn

ch chuyn tip u t kim loi mi hn n thp hn

2. Hn cha ngu nn c bt,

x, r..

Loi b khuyt tt bng cch to rnh lng mng v hn p li

3. Li lm trn b mt mch hn

Dng my mi sa bng mt

4. Khuyt chn mi hn

su < 0,5 mm th dng my mi nhn. su ln th hn p

v mi bng mt

5. Ln ln nhau

Dng my mi to lng mng v hn p li

6. Nt chi tit chu hn do un

Xc nh nguyn nhn gy nt, ty b ton b phn nt v hn

p li mt cch cn trng trnh b nt li. i vi chi tit chu
lc: khoan chn cc u nt 15 mm bng mi khoan 5 mm - 8
mm, vt mp ng nt v hn p li.

7. Khuyt tt duy nht : bt kh,

ngm x

Cho php khoan l v hn v li l. Nu dng dy hn 2 th mi

khoan l 8 mm - 16 mm, chiu su l < 50 mm, gc cn l 60
mm - 120 mm. Nu dng dy hn 5 th mi khoan l 15 mm 28 mm, chiu su l < 100 mm, gc cn l 70 mm -120 mm

8. Khuyt tt trn ton b mi Loi b bng phng php c kh, thi xy (cm dng h quang)
hn ln hn tr s cho php
sau tin hnh hn li v kim tra li mi hn .
CH THCH: Qu trnh nn sa cong vnh do hn phi rt thn trng khng gy h hi cc chi tit hn v cc kt
cu c t hp.

A.31 Sai s cho php khi lp rp

53

TCVN 8298 : 2009

Bng A.30
B phn lp

Tn cc sai s

Tr s cho php

Hp gim tc Khe h hng tm rng

kn
Khe h bin ca rng

Theo TCVN hin hnh

Sai s khong cch trc

Theo TCVN hin hnh

Vt tip xc mt rng khi lp ghp theo din tch

Tip xc trn 40% din tch

Chiu di tip xc

Trn 30% B

Khe h hng tm: - i vi rng tiu chun

0,2 m uyn

- i vi rng ngn
B truyn h

B truyn h

Khe h mt
bn ca rng

Cc trc
truyn ca
b truyn h
v hp gim
tc h

0,25 m uyn

Khong cch gia cc tm, mm

Tr s cho php, mm

n 50

0,08 0,17

51 80

0,10 0,21

81 120

0,13 0,26

121 200

0,17 0,34

201 320

0,21 0,42

321 500

0,26 0,53

501 800

0,34 0,67

801 1 250

0,42 0,85

1 251 2 000

0,53 1,06

2 001 3 150

0,71 1,40

3 151 5 000

0,85 1,70

Khong cch gia cc trc, mm

dch
chuyn trc
theo tim trc
theo khong
cch gia cc
trc

Theo TCVN hin hnh

Tr s cho php, mm

100 400

0,10 0,50

401 600

0,50 0,70

601 800

0,70 0,90

801 1000

0,90 1,10

1 001 1 500

1,10 1,40

1 501 2 000

1,40 1,70

Ch : Ring bnh rng ch V khng c dch chuyn trc theo tim trc

54

TCVN 8298 : 2009

Bng A.30 (tip theo)
B phn lp

Tn cc sai s

Tr s cho php
ng knh trc, mm

Khe h gia ng
knh trong ca bc
ng v trc theo
ng knh trc
Cc trt

30 50

0,05 0,02

51 80

0,06 0,24

81 120

0,08 0,26

121 180

0,08 0,28

181 260

0,09 0,30

261 360

0,10 0,35

Tip xc trc v bc Trc quay < 300vg/ph

lt theo vn tc
Trc quay > 300vg/ph
ng knh ngoi bc
lt v l trn v hp
bi

Cc b phn
phanh hm

Hiu chnh
khi lp ln b
my

Bi trn

Tr s cho php, mm

p st b mt > 55%
p st b mt > 65%
<

H8
t8

ng knh trong v Ph thuc vng trong hay Theo TCVN hin hnh
ngoi
vng ngoi quay
khng ng tm ca m phanh v bnh phanh

0,1 mm/100 mm chiu

rng m phanh

Khe h gia 2 m phanh v mt ai u nhau

1,0 mm 1,5 mm

Khe h hng tm ca phanh ai khi nh ht

1,0 mm 1,5 mm

o hng tm v mt u ca bnh phanh

0,05 mm

tip xc ca b mt m phanh ln mt bnh

100%

Cc tm m hp gim tc, ng c, gi

< 2 tm theo chiu cao

Phn bu lng nh khi ai c khi vn cht

2 5 vng ren

khng ng tm trc ng c v hp gim tc, gi < 0,3 mm

Hp gim tc kn bng du

< 1/3

Hp gim tc h, bc bng m

Theo yu cu

55

TCVN 8298 : 2009

A.32 Nhit du trong hp gim tc cho php khi chy th
Bng A.31
Loi hp gim tc

Nhit mi trng, oC

Nhit cui thi gian th, oC

Rng tr v cn xon

10 20

40

Bnh vt trc vt

10 20

60

A.33 Nhit trt cho php khi chy th

Bng A.32
Nhit cui thi gian th, oC

Tc quay ca trc, vg/ph

20

Khng ln hn nhit mi trng

20 100

Cho php ln hn 20 0C so vi mi trng

> 100

Cho php ln hn 30 0C so vi mi trng

A.34 Lp rp cc b phn ta ng
Bng A.33
Loi ca van Kch c Cc b phn

iu kin

Bnh xe, b phn Phi lp v iu chnh ti nh my sau khi hn

trt
kt cu hon chnh
Bnh xe c
ng
c
Ca van
phng

Ngoi
c

ng
c
Ca van
cung
Ngoi
c

56

Lp ti hin trng

Loi mt tai treo phi

nghing tim hnh hc thng ng khng ln
cn bng sau khi lp
hn 1 mm/1 m chiu di
hon chnh
Loi hai tai treo

Sai s 2 vt khi nng ht khe van khng ln hn

0,5 mm/1 m chiu di

Kt cu thp

Phi g lp nh hnh tng th ti nh my, xc

nh ng chun, cht nh v, s th t, nh
du bng sn d phn bit

B phn ko (ti, vt
Phi kim tra ln xung tng i mt.
me, xi lanh thu lc)
Bnh xe, b phn Phi lp v iu chnh ti nh my sau khi hn
trt
kt cu hon chnh
B phn ko (ti, xi Sai s 2 nhnh khi nng ht khe van khng ln
lanh thy lc)
hn 0,5 mm/1 m chiu di
Kt cu thp

Phi g lp nh hnh tng th ti nh my, xc

nh ng chun, cht nh v, s th t, nh
du bng sn d phn bit.

B phn ko (Ti,
xi lanh thy lc)

Phi kim tra ln xung tng i mt.

TCVN 8298 : 2009

A.35 Sai s cho php ca b phn t sn ca van phng trn cng trnh
Bng A.34
M ca tng ngc dung sai, mm

Hnh v

T
mkhe van

Bn y khe van - dung sai, mm

T
mkhe van

Cc i lng

T
ml cng

1. Khong cch a t tm
phn t sn n tm khe

Trong vng lm vic

2. Khong cch b t tm
phn t sn n tm
khu cng

Trong vng lm vic

3. Cao trnh

+2
-1

Ngoi vng lm vic

Ngoi vng lm vic

4. Chiu cao h (m ca
n ngng y)
5. Hiu cao trnh hai mt
u
6. phng mt lm vic
7. lch v tr ch ghp
b mt lm vic

3
L>10 m

L<10 m

Trong vng lm vic

0,5

Ngoi vng lm vic

Trong vng lm vic
Ngoi vng lm vic
B

8. Sai s lp t f

B < 100
B =100 200
B > 200

f
B

Chiu rng b mt
trong vng lm vic

1,5

1,5

Ngoi vng lm vic cho php tng tr s

A.36 Sai s cho php ca b phn t sn ca van phng trn cng trnh

57

TCVN 8298 : 2009

Bng A.35
ng ray chnh
T
T

c gia
cng

ng
Ray
Ta
trt
bnh
giong
thp
xe c
cnh bn
bn

Khng gia
cng

Tng ngc
C kt hp
ng ray bn

Kt hp chn
nc

Khng kt hp
chn nc

Trn

Trn

T
mkhe van

a
Tml cng

Tm khe van
T
ml cng

Di

T
mkhevan

Di

+2

+3

-1

-1

+3

+5

-1

-2

+3

+2

-1

-1

+5

+2

+8

+2

-0

-1

-0

-1

+5
-2

f
B<100

0,5

B=100
200

2,5

2,5

1,5

1,5

2,5

B>200

Ngoi
vng
lm vic
CH THCH:
1) L: chiu di ca
2) Cu kin mi mt t nht o 1 im;
3) Chiu cao vng lm vic ca rnh van: nu ng ca van thy tnh l chiu cao l cng; nu ng ca van thy ng
l chiu cao ng ray chnh chu lc.

A.37 phng ca ng ray

58

TCVN 8298 : 2009

Bng A.36
Chiu di ng ray, mm

Dung sai cho php, mm

< 1 000

0,4

> 1 000 2 500

0,5

> 2 500 4 000

0,6

> 4 000 6 300

0,8

> 6 300 10 000

1,0

A.38 Sai s cho php ca b phn t sn ca van cung trn cng trnh
Bng A.37

Cng
ngm

Gi tr dung sai

Cng l
thin

A-A
B

f
h

Cao trnh

Khong cch t tim

l cng n mt
bn tr pin b

T
ml cng
1

Tng ngc Dung sai, mm

Bn y - ngng - dung sai, mm

Ta ngc
hng - dung
sai, mm

TT

Ta giong bndung sai, mm

3
Trong vng lm
vic

Ngoi vng lm
vic
L>10000

L<10000

+3

+3

-2

-2

+4

+6

+6

-2

-2

-2

Hiu cao trnh hai

mt u

phng mt lm vic

lch mp ghp b mt lm vic

0,5

7
8
(f)
9

B<100
Chiu rng b mt
trong vng lm vic

B = 100 200
B>200

1,5

1,5

1,5

1,5

Ngoi vng lm vic cho php tng tr

s

CH THCH:
1) L: chiu rng ca van;
2) Vic c nh mi cng di su c thc hin sau cng v iu chnh theo thc t ca cnh van.
3) phm vi lm vic, y l chiu cao ming cng.
4) C mi mt cu kin t nht o mt im.
5) Tm t giong chn nc bn nu lm bng thp khng g th lch v t mi ghp khng ln hn 0,5mm.

A.39 Sai s cho php khi lp t ci quay

59

TCVN 8298 : 2009

Bng A.38
Hng mc

Dung sai v sai lch, mm

1. C ly gia tm b khp v tim l.

1.5

2. Cao trnh.

2.0

3. nghing l b .

l/1000

4. ng trc 2 tim trc ci quay b .

2.0

CH THCH:
nghing l trc b ch nghing theo hng bt k.

A.40 Sai lch b phn t sn li chn rc

Bng A.39
Ngng y
Hng mc

ng ray
chnh

ng ray ngc

Sai lch cho php, mm

1. Cao trnh (pha trong)

5,0

2. Cao trnh

5,0

3. Sai lch chiu cao gia hai mt u

b mt lm vic

3,0
+3,0

+5,0

-2.0

-2,0

5,0

5,0

4. ng tm khe ca li chn rc
5. ng tm ming khe li chn rc

5,0

A.41 Tiu chun dung sai lp ghp b mt trn

Bng A.40 Sai s kch thc gia mt phng khng gia cng ca cc kt cu
Kch thc, mm

Dung sai, mm

Kch thc, mm

Dung sai, mm

250 600

2,0

5 001 6 000

7,0

601 1 500

3,0

6 001 8 000

8,0

1 501 3 000

4,0

8 001 10 000

9,0

3 001 4 000

5,0

10 001 15 000

10,0

4 001 5 000

6,0

15 001 20 000

11,0

> 20 001

12,0

Bng A.41 - Cng thc tnh tr s dung sai tiu chun (IT=a.i)
60

TCVN 8298 : 2009

Cp dung sai tiu chun

Kch thc
danh ngha, mm

IT5

IT6

IT7

IT8

IT9

IT10

Trn

500

7i

10i

16i

25i

40i

64i

500

3150

7i

10i

16i

25i

40i

64i

Kch thc
danh ngha, mm
Trn

Cng thc tnh dung sai tiu chun (kt qu tnh bng micrmt)

Cp dung sai tiu chun

IT11

IT12

IT13

IT14

IT15

IT16

IT17

IT 18

Cng thc tnh dung sai tiu chun (kt qu tnh bng mic rmt)

500

100i

160i

250i

400i

640i

1 000i

1 600i

2 500i

500

3 150

100i

160i

250i

400i

640i

1 000i

1 600i

2 500i

Bng A.42 - Tr s dung sai tiu chun

Cp dung sai tiu chun

Kch thc
danh ngha, mm

IT11

IT12

IT13

IT14

IT15

IT16

IT17

IT 18

Trn
50
80
120
180
250
315
400
500
630
800
1 000
1 250
1 600
2 000
2 500

0,19
0,22
0,25
0,29
0,32
0,36
0,40
0,44
0,50
0,56
0,66
0,78
0,92
1,10
0,19

0,30
0,35
0,40
0,48
0,52
0,57
0,63
0,70
0,80
0,90
1,05
1,25
1,50
1,75
2,10

0,46
0,54
0,63
0,72
0,81
0,89
0,97
1,10
1,25
1,40
1,65
1,95
2,30
2,80
3,30

Dung sai, mm
0,74
1,20
0,87
1,40
1,00
1,60
1,15
1,85
1,30
2,10
1,55
2,30
1,75
2,50
2,00
2,80
2,30
3,20
2,60
3,60
3,10
4,20
3,70
5,00
4, 40
6,00
5,40
7,00
0,74
8,60

1,90
2,20
2,50
2,90
3,20
3,60
4,00
4,40
5,00
5,60
6,60
7,80
9,20
11,00
13,50

3,00
3,50
4,00
4,60
5,20
5,70
6,30
7,00
8,00
9,00
10,50
12,50
15,00
17,50
21,00

4,60
5,40
6,30
7,20
8,10
8,90
9,70
11,00
12,50
14,00
16,50
16,50
23,00
28,00
33,00

n
80
120
180
250
315
400
500
630
800
1 000
1 250
1 600
2 000
2 500
3 150

Ph lc B
(Tham kho)
Hn kim loi
Bng B.1- Hnh dng v kch thc khe h gia cc chi tit khi hn

61

TCVN 8298 : 2009

Chiu
dy vt
liu, mm

K
hiu

Hnh dng tit

din vt hn
22 2

=5

30 80

S/2

S
dng

2
: - 3

R=
S

<3

S
dng

S+1

Hnh dng tit

din vt hn

+o

K
hiu

Chiu dy
vt liu,
mm

<3

1- 2
:

35

S/2

22 2
o

+o

+o

20 2

+o

1 :- 2

60 2

4 20

> 50

1,5 - 2,5
:

8
+o

50 2

+o

0- 2
:

>15

+o

2- 3
:

8 40

1-2

60 2

1 :- 2

18 2
a*
R1
0

4 30

1- 2
:

60 2
+o

1
2

1-2

4 15

18 2

50
2

10

2- 3
:

1-2

>30
1- 2
:

+o

18 2

50
2
5

2
50
+o

62

2- 3

35

1- 2

16 30

15

TCVN 8298 : 2009

Bng B.1- Hnh dng v kch thc khe h gia cc chi tit khi hn (tip theo)
+o

20 2
2 - 2,5

5
R=

>6
20

3- 4

2,5 - 3
:

a=S/5 +3,7

Max0,3

+o

6- 7

20 40

22 2
a

Bng B.2 - i chiu tng ng cc loi thp theo tiu chun mt s nc

Loi
thp

Thp
cc bon
kt cu
thng
thng

Mc thp
TCVN
CT31
CT33
CT34
CT38
CT42
CT51

DIN
USt 37-2
RSt 37-2

CT61
09Mn2
19Mn
14Mn2

Thp kt
cu hp
kim thp

18Mn2
09Mn2Si
17MnSi

Thp
khng r

ASTM
A36A, A36M-94
A570Gr33,36
A570Gr40
A570Gr50
A572Gr50
A572Gr65

StE355
TstE 355
TstE 460

A516Gr70,
A515Gr70,
A414Gr F, G
A537Gr1
A414GrG, A612
A288/A288 M93a

10Mn2Si1

15MnV

A588

14CrMnSi
WTSt 360- 10CrSiNiCu 3
15CrSiNiCu WTSt 510-3
0Cr19Ni9
1Cr18Ni9
1Cr18Ni11Ti
0Cr18Ni9Ti

JIS
SS330
SS330
SS400
SS490
SS540,
SM570
-

SGV410,
SGV450
SGV480
SM490A,B,C,
YA,YB
SM570,
SM520B,C
SM490A,B,C,
YA,YB
-

GB

Nga

C3;CY3; CJ3

09Mn2

09Mn2

14Mn2

14Mn2

09Mn2Si

09Mn2Si

10Mn2Si1

10Mn2Si1

14CrMnSi
10CrSiNiCu
15CrSiNiCu
0Cr19Ni9
1Cr18Ni9
1Cr18Ni11Ti
0Cr18Ni9Ti

14CrMnSi
10CrSiNiCu
15CrSiNiCu

63

TCVN 8298 : 2009

bn
Mc thp ko Rm
kg/mm2

Bng B.3 - C l tnh v thnh phn ho hc ca thp cc bon kt cu thng thng

Gii hn chy Re, kg/mm2
dn di , %
Hm lng cc nguyn t, %
cho dy mm
cho dy mm
n
20

Trn 20 Trn 40 Trn

n 40 n 100 100
Khng nh hn

n
20

Trn 20
n 40

Trn
40

Mn

Si

Khng nh hn

Cr

Ni

Cu

Khng ln hn

CT31

31

23

22

20

0,32

0,07

0,06

CT33s

31 40

35

34

32

0,06 0,12

0,25 0,50

0,05

0,04

0,05

0,03

0,03

0,03

CT33n

32 42

34

33

31

0,05 0,12

0,25 0,50

0,05 0,17

0,04

0,05

0,03

0,03

0,03

0,06 0,12

0,25 0,50

0,12 0,30

0,04

0,05

0,03

0,03

0,03

0,09 0,15

0,25 0,50

0,07

0,04

0,05

0,03

0,03

0,03

0,09 0,15

0,25 0,50

0,05 0,17

0,04

0,05

0,03

0,03

0,03

0,09 0,15

0,25 0,50

0,12 0,30

0,04

0,05

0,03

0,03

0,03

0,14 0,22

0,30 0,60

0,07

0,04

0,05

0,03

0,03

0,03

0,14 0,22

0,40 0,65

0,05 0,17

0,04

0,05

0,03

0,03

0,03

0,14 0,22

0,40 0,65

0,12 0,30

0,04

0,05

0,03

0,03

0,03

CT33
CT34s

22

21

20

19

33

32

30

34 44

23

22

21

20

32

31

29

37 47

24

23

22

20

27

26

24

38 49

24

24

23

21

26

25

23

CT38n Mn 38 50
CT42s
41 52

25

24

23

21

26

25

23

0,14 0,22

0,80 1,10

0,15

0,04

0,05

0,03

0,03

0,03

26

25

24

23

25

24

22

0,18 0,27

0,40 0,70

0,07

0,04

0,05

0,03

0,03

0,03

42 54

27

26

25

24

24

23

21

0,18 0,27

0,40 0,70

0,05 0,17

0,04

0,05

0,03

0,03

0,03

0,18 0,27

0,40 0,70

0,12 0,30

0,04

0,05

0,03

0,03

0,03

51 64

29

28

27

26

20

19

17

0,28 0,37

0,50 0,80

0,05 0,17

0,04

0,05

0,03

0,03

0,03

0,28 0,37

0,50 0,80

0,15 0,35

0,04

0,05

0,03

0,03

0,03

CT52n Mn 46 60
CT61n
61
CT61

29

28

27

26

20

19

17

0,22 0,30

0,80 1,20

0,15

0,04

0,05

0,03

0,03

0,03

32

31

30

30

15

14

12

0,38 0,49

0,05 0,17

0,05 0,17

0,04

0,05

0,03

0,03

0,03

0,38 0,49

0,15 0,35

0,15 0,35

0,04

0,05

0,03

0,03

0,03

CT34n
CT34
CT38s
CT38n
CT38

CT42n
CT42
CT51n
CT51

63
52

TCVN 8298 : 2009

33 42

TCVN 8298 : 2009

TCVN 8298 : 2009

64
Bng B.4 - C l tnh v thnh phn ho hc ca thp kt cu hp kim thp

Mc
thp

19Mn
09Mn2
14Mn2
18Mn2
12MnSi

16MnSi

16Mn

16Mnq

Chiu
dy vt
cn, mm

di va p
bn
Gii
Th nghim
dn Nm/m2x106 nhit
ko
hn
un ngui: a) B
di tng
Rm,
chy
dy gc un; D)
i , % +20 0C -40 0C -70 0C
Mpa
Re, Mpa
ng knh

4 10

460

290

21

3,5

1800 D=2a

4 10
4 20

480

320

22

3,5

1800 D=2a

450

310

21

3,0

1800 D=2a

21 32
4 10

450

300

21

4,0

1800 D=2a

470

340

21

3,5

1800 D=2a

11 32
8 10

460

330

21

3,0

1800 D=2a

520

360

11

1800 D=2a

320

26

4 10
4 10

470

180 D=2a

500

330

21

180 D=2a

11 20

490

320

21

2,5

1800 D=2a

21 32

480

300

21

2,5

1800 D=2a

33 60

470

290

21

2,5

1800 D=2a

2,5

1800 D=2a

460

280

21

<660

315

22

1800 D=2a

16 25

<640

325

21

1800 D=3a

15 36

<620

315

21

1800 D=3a

<620

295

21

180 D=3a

50 100

<620

275

20

1800 D=3a

520

350

21

1800 D=2a

500

330

19

1800 D=3a

19

Si

Mn

Cr

Ni

Cu

0,15 0,22

0,17 0,37

0,80 1,15

0,30

0,30

0,30

0,12

0,17 0,37

0,40 1,50

0,30

0,30

0,30

0,12 0,18

0,17 0,37

1,20 1,60

0,30

0,30

0,30

0,14 0,20

0,25 0,55

1,20 1,60

0,30

0,30

0,30

0,09 0,15

0,50 0,80

0,50 1,20

0,30

0,30

0,30

0,12 0,18

0,40 0,70

0,90 1,20

0,30

0,30

0,30

0,12 0,18

0,2 0,55

1,2 1,6

S=0,045

P=0,045

V=0,04-0,12

0,12 0,20

0,20 0,60

1,2 1,6

S=0,04

P=0,045

36 50

310

>60 160
<16

480

Thnh phn ho hc

180 D=3a

53

TCVN 8298 : 2009

Bng B.4 - C l tnh v thnh phn ho hc ca thp kt cu hp kim thp (tip theo)
Mc
thp

Chiu
dy vt
cn, mm

4 10
11 20
21 32
09Mn2Si
33 60
61 80
>80 160
4 10
11 20
10Mn2Si
21 32
33 60
>60 160

15MnV

15MnTi
14CrMn
Si
15CrSiN
iCu

4 10
11 15
16 32
33 40

Si

Mn

Cr

Ni

Cu

500
480
470
460
450
440

350
330
310
290
280
270

21
21
21
21
21
21

6
6
6
6
6

4
3,5
3,5
3,5
3,5
3,5

3,5
3
3
3
3
3

1800 D=2a
1800 D=2a
1800 D=2a
1800 D=2a
1800 D=2a
1800 D=2a

0,12

0,50 0,80

1,30 1,70

0,30

0,30

0,30

520
510
500
480
460

380
360
350
340
320

21
21
21
21
21

6
6
6
6

4
3
3
3
3

3
2,5
2,5
2,5
2,5

1800 D=2a
1800 D=2a
1800 D=2a
1800 D=2a
1800 D=2a

0,12

0,90 1,20

1,30 1,65

0,30

0,30

0,30

<700
<680
<660
<640
<640

410
390
375
355
355

19
18
18
18
18

4
3
3

1800 D=2a
1800 D=3a
1800 D=3a
1800 D=3a
1800 D=3a

0,12 0,18

0,2 0,55

1,20 1,60

S:
0.045

P:
0.045

V: 0,04
0,12

<680
<660
500
500

390
375
350
350

20
20
22
21

1800 D=3a
1800 D=3a
1800 D=2a
1800 D=2a

0,12 0,18

0,2 0,55

1,20 1,60

S:0,045

P:0,045

4
3

0,11 0,16
0,12 0,18

0,40 0,70
0,40 0,70

0,90 1,30
0,90 1,20

0.5 0,8
0,6 0,9

0,30
0,3 0,6

Ti: 0,12
0,2
0,30
0,2 0,4

540
540
540
540

400
400
400
400

19
19
19
19

5
4
5
5

3
3
3

1800 D=2a
1800 D=2a
1800 D=2a
1800 D=2a

0,12

0,80 1,10

0,50 0,80

0,6 0,9

0,5 0,8

0,4 0,6

CH THCH:
1) Thnh phn ho hc cc nguyn t khc, % : P 0,35; S 0,40; Vanadi 0,05 0,10;
2) Phn m l theo tiu chun GB 1591-88 (Trung Quc) thng dng trong thy li, thy in.

65

54

Thnh phn ho hc

TCVN 8298 : 2009

10CrSiNi
Cu

>4 16
>16 25
>25 36
>36 50
<25
25 40
4 10
4 32

di va p
bn
Gii
Th nghim
dn Nm/m2x106 nhit
ko
hn
un ngui:
di tng
Rm,
chy
a)
B
dy gc un;
i , % +20 0C -40 0C -70 0C
Mpa
Re, Mpa
D) ng knh

66

TCVN 8298 : 2009

Mc thp

0Cr19Ni9

1Cr18Ni9

1Cr18Ni1Ti

0Cr18Ni9Ti
14CrMnSi
15CrSiNiCu

10CrSiNiCu

dai va p
dn
Chiu
2
bn Gii
Nm/m
x106 nhit Th nghim un
di
dy
ko
hn
ngui: a) B dy
tng
vt
chy
gc un; D)
Rm,
cn,
i , +20 0C -40 0C -70 0C ng knh
Mpa Re, Mpa
mm
%
4 10

460

290

21

3,5

1800 D=2a

4 10

480

320

22

3,5

1800 D=2a

4 20

450

310

21

3,0

1800 D=2a

Thnh phn ho hc
C

Si

Mn

Cr

Ni

0,08

1,00

2,00

18,0 20,0 9,0 13,0

0,15

1,00

2,00

17,0 19,0 8,0 10,0

0,08

1,00

2,00

17,0 19,0 9,0 13,0

0,12

1,00

2,00

17,0 19,0 9,0 13,0

Cu

21 3
2

450

300

21

4,0

180 D=2a

4 10

470

340

21

3,5

1800 D=2a
0

11 3
2

460

330

21

3,0

180 D=2a

8 10

520

360

11

1800 D=2a

4 10

470

320

26

1800 D=2a

4 10

500

350

22

1800 D=2a
0

4 32

500

350

21

180 D=2a

4 10

540

400

19

1800 D=2a

11 1
5

540

400

19

1800 D=2a

540

400

19

1800 D=2a

16 3
2

540

400

19

1800 D=2a

0,11 0,16 0,40 0,70 0,90 1,30

0.5 0,8

0,30

0,30

0,12 0,18 0,40 0,70 0,90 1,20

0,6 0,9

0,3 0,6

0,2 0,
4

0,6 0,9

0,5 0,8

0,4 0,
6

0,12

0,80 1,10 0,50 0,80

33 4
0

55

TCVN 8298 : 2009

Bng B.5- C l tnh v thnh phn ho hc ca thp khng r

TCVN 8298 : 2009

Mc thp
CH THCH:

Chiu bn
dy
ko
vt
Rm,

Th nghim un
dai va p
Gii dn
2
6
Nm/m x10 nhit ngui: a) B dy
hn
di
chy tng +20 0C -40 0C -70 0C gc un; D)
ng knh
Re, Mpa

1) Thnh phn ho hc cc nguyn t khc, % : P 0,35; S 0,30; Vanadi 0,05 0,10;

2) Phn m l theo tiu chun GB 4237-84 (Trung Quc) thng dng trong cng trnh thy li, thy in.

56

Thnh phn ho hc
C

Si

Mn

Cr

Ni

Cu

TCVN 6298 : 2009

Ph lc C
(Tham kho)
Bu lng lp ghp
Bng C.1- Yu cu v lc xit bu lng trong qu trnh lp t
Kch
thc
bu lng,
mm

Momen xit bu lng, daNm i vi loi bulng

3,6

4,6

4,8

5,6

5,8

6,6

6,8

6,9

1,6

0,005 0,006 0,009 0,008 0,011 0,010 0,013

2,0

8,8

10,9

12,9

14,9

0,015

0,018 0,029

0,030

0,035

0,011 0,013 0,018 0,016 0,022 0,020 0,027

0,030

0,036 0,050

0,060

0,070

2,5

0,021 0,025 0,033 0,031 0,042 0,038 0,050

0,057

0,067 0,095

0,114

0,133

0,038 0,046 0,061 0,058 0,077 0,069 0,092

0,104

0,123 0,174

0,208

0,243

0,093 0,112 0,150 0,140 0,187 0,168 0,225

0,253

0,300 0,421

0,506

0,590

0,181 0,217 0,289 0,271 0,362 0,326 0,434

0,489

0,579 0,815

0,978

1,140

0,312 0,374 0,490 0,460 0,624 0,562 0,749

0,843

0,999 1,400

1,580

1,960

0,743 0,892 1,190 1,110 1,480 1,330 1,780

2,000

2,370 3,340

4,010

4,680

1,12

1,35

1,80

1,68

2,25

2,02

2,70

3,03

3,60

5,06

6,07

7,08

10

1,49

1,79

2,38

2,24

2,98

2,68

3,58

4,03

4,77

6,72

8,06

9,41

12

2,53

3,04

4,05

3,80

5,07

4,56

6,08

6,85

8,11

11,41

13,70

15,98

14

4,02

4,82

5,43

6,03

8,04

7,24

9,85

10,86

12,87 18,11

21,73

25,35

16

6,12

7,34

9,79

9,18

12,24 11,02 14,89

16,53

19,59 27,56

33,07

38,58

18

8,31

9,97

13,29 12,46 16,62 14,96 19,94

22,44

26,59 37,40

44,88

52,36

20

11,90 14,32 19,10 17,90 23,87 21,48 28,85

32,23

38,20 53,71

64,48

75,20

22

15,90 19,12 25,50 23,90 31,87 28,68 38,25

43,03

51,00 71,71

86,05

100,40

24

20,50 24,60 32,80 30,74 41,00 36,90 49,20

55,34

65,60 92,24

110,70 129,14

27

29,90 35,92 47,90 44,90 59,87 53,88 71,85

80,83

95,80 134,71 161,66 188,60

30

37,50 45,00 60,00 56,25 75,00 67,50 90,00

101,25 120,0 168,75 202,50 236,25

33

55,00 66,00 88,00 82,50 110,0 99,00 132,00 148,50 176,0 247,50 297,00 346,50

36

70,93 85,13 113,50 106,40 141,87 127,68 170,24 191,52 227,0 319,21 383,05 446,90

67

TCVN 8298 : 2009

Ph lc D
(Tham kho)
Ch tiu c l ca vt liu chn nc
Bng D.1 - Ch tiu c l ca vt liu chn nc
TT

Cc ch tiu c l

Tiu chun

Phng php th

Gii hn bn khi dt t khng nh hn,

daN/cm2

180

OCT 270-75

gin di tng i khng nh hn , %

500

Mu loi 1 dy 2 mm

dn di d khng ln hn, %

40

Mu loi1 dy 2 mm

Sc khng rn nt khng nh hn , daN/cm2

70

OCT 263-75

cng theo Shor khng nh hn

70

OCT 263-75

H s lo ho Gh sau 144 h 70 0C

0,7

n khi trong nc 70 0C sau 24 h khng

ln hn, %

OCT 9030-74

chng mi mn khng ln hn, cm3/kW

450

OCT 426-77

chng x rch, lm nt , daN/cm

60

OCT 267-79

10

do, tnh theo ny, khng nh hn

11

Khi lng ring, g/cm3

1,0 - 1,13

Ph lc E
68

45
OCT 207-73

TCVN 8298 : 2009

(Tham kho)
Xch
Bng E.1 - Cc tiu chun ca xch thng dng
Kch thc ngoi khng
ln hn, mm

Thng s c bn, mm

K hiu xch
Bc
t

Khong
cch gia ng ng Ti trng Chiu
knh
ph hu
rng
Chiu
cc m
knh
trong B, con ln
khng nh
m
rng A
cht d
khng nh
D
hn, N
trong b
hn

Chiu
di
cht l

Khi
lng
1m
xch,
kg

Xch kiu CL1 - Xch truyn ng con ln mt dy loi thng:

CL1-8-4600

3,00

5,00

2,31

4.600

7,11

4,77

11,7

0,18

CL1-9,525-9000

9,525

5,72

6,35

3,28

9.000

8,26

8,53

16,8

0,41

CL1-12,7-9000
12,7
CL1-12,7-18000-1 12,7
CL1-12,7-18000-2 12,7
CL1-15,87515,875
23000-1
CL1-15,87515,875
23000-2
CL1-19,05-25000
19,05
CL1-19,05-30000
19,05
CL1-25,425,4
45000/60000
CL1-31,7531,75
55000/89000
CL1-38,138,10
100000/127000
CL1-44,4544,45
130000/172000
CL1-50,850,80
160000/227000
CL1-63,563,50
270000/354000
CL1-76,2-510000
76,20

3,30
5,40
7,75

7,75
8,51
8,51

3,66
4,45
4,45

9.000
18.000
18.000

9,91
11,81
11,81

5,80
8,90
11,30

11,7
18,2
20,9

0,31
0,62
6,71

6,48

10,16

5,08

23.000

14,73

10,78

20,1

0,80

9,65

10,16

5,08

23.000

14,73

13,95

23,7

0,96

12,70
11,68

11,91
12,07

5,96
5,72

18,08
20,89

17,75
20,00

30,6
34,3

1,52
1,90

15,88

15,88

7,95

24,13

22,61

38,5

2,57

19,05

19,05

9,525

30,18

27,46

46,0

3,73

25,40

22,23

11,12

39,05

36,30

59,0

6,40

25,40

25,40

12,72

42,24

37,19

61,30

7,50

31,75

28,58

14,29

48,26

45,21

72,0

9,70

38,10

39,80

19,36

53,00

47,00

72,0

15,8

47,63

47,63

23,81

25.000
30.000
45.000/60
.000
55.000/89
.000
100.000/12
7.000
130.000/17
2.000
160.000/22
7.000
270.000/35
4.000
510.000

58,00

49,00

74,0

17,8

16.000
20.000
25.000
30.000
42.000
45.000

14,0
14,73
18,08
21,00
26,00
24,13

13,0
13,95
17,75
28,30
24,9
22,61

23,1
23,7
30,6
41,9
36,2
36,5

0,48
0,58
1,10
1,85
2,2
1,90

Xch kiu CLD - Xch truyn ng con ln mt dy mt di:

CLD-25,4-16000
25,4
7,75
8,51
4,45
CLD-31,75-20000 31,75
9,65
10,16
5,08
CLD-38,1-25000
38,1
12,7
11,91
5,96
CLD-38,0-30000
38,0
22,000
16,000
7,95
CLD-50,8-42000
50,8
17,02
15,88
8,28
CLD-50,8-45000
50,8
15,88
15,88
7,95

69

TCVN 8298 : 2009

Bng E.1 - Cc tiu chun ca xch thng dung (tip theo)
Kch thc ngoi khng
ln hn, mm

Thng s c bn, mm

K hiu xch
Bc
t
CLD-63,5-55000
CLD-76,2-100000

63,5
76,2

Khong
cch gia ng ng Ti trng Chiu
knh
ph hu
rng
Chiu
cc m
knh
trong B, con ln
khng nh
m
rng A
cht d
khng nh
D
hn, N
trong b
hn
19,05
25,4

19,05
22,23

9,55
11,12

55.000
100.000

30,18
36,10

27,46
35,46

Xch kiu CLK v CLN - Xch truyn ng con ln mt dy loi kho v loi nng:
CLK-19,05-32000
19,05
12,07
11,91
5,96
32.000
18,06
17,75
CLK-25,4-60000
25,4
15,88
15,88
7,95
60.000
24,13
22,61
CLK-31,75-89000
31,75
19,05
19,05
9,55
89.000
30,18
27,46
CLK-38,1-127000
38,1
25,40
22,23
11,12
127.000
36,1
35,40
CLK-44,4544,45
25,40
25,40
12,72
172.000
42,24
37,19
172000
CLK-50,8-227000
50,6
31,75
28,58
14,29
227.000
48,26
45,21
CLK-63,5-354000
63,5
38,1
39,80
19,86
354.000
60,33
54,89
CLK-63,5-520000
63,5
38,10
39,80
22,20
520.000
60,33
57,39

Hnh E.1 - Xch kiu CL1

70

Chiu
di
cht l

Khi
lng
1m
xch,
kg

46,0
56,9

2,60
3,80

30,6
38,5
46,0
56,9

1,52
2,57
3,73
5,50

61,5

7,50

72,0
89,0
103,2

9,70
16,0
19,5

Bng E2 Thng s v kch thc mt s loi xch BL

Thng s c bn
K hiu xch

Bc
t

Kch thc ngoi khng ln hn, mm

Khong cch
gia cc m
trong Btr khng
nh hn, mm

ng
knh bc
lt d1,
mm

ng
knh
cht d,
mm

Khong
cch gia
cc dy
A, mm

Ti trng
ph hu
khng nh
hn, N

Chiu rng m
trong b

Chiu
rng B

Khi
lng
1 mt
xch,
kg

Chiu di
cht l

BL1-9.525-9000

9,525

4,77

5,08

3,59

10,13

9.000

7,80

9,30

16,00

0,36

BL1-9.525-11000

9,525

7,60

5,00

3,59

11.000

8,80

11,20

18,50

0,44

BL1-9.525-12000

9,525

9,52

6,00

4,45

12.000

9,85

13,44

21,20

0,62

BL1-9.525-18000

9,525

5,20

6,00

4,45

10,75

18.000

9,85

9,15

27,50

0,92

Bng E3 Thng s v kch thc mt s loi xch CLC

Thng s c bn
K hiu xch

Bc t,
mm

Khong cch gia ng knh

cc m trong Btr
con ln D,
khng nh hn, mm
mm

Kch thc ngoi khng ln hn, mm

ng
knh cht
d, mm

Ti trng ph
hu khng
nh hn, N

Chiu rng
m trong b

Chiu
rng B

Chiu di
cht l

Khi
lng 1
mt
xch, kg

78,1

38,10

33,30

17,15

360.000

45,50

58,10

102,00

14,44

CLC-78.1-400000

78,1

38,10

40,00

19,00

400.000

56,00

58,10

102,00

16,30

CLC-103.2-650000

103,2

49,00

46,00

24,00

650.000

60,00

82,00

155,00

CLC-140-1200000

140,0

80,00

65,00

36,00

1.200.000

90,00

120,00

182,00

65,00

71

TCVN 8298 : 2009

CLC-78.1-360000

TCVN 8298 : 2009

61