Chuyen e 13:

I. Bang tnh nguyen ham c ban:

TCH PHAN VA NG DUNG TOM TAT GIAO KHOA

Bang 2
Ham so f(x)
(ax + b)

Bang 1
Ham so f(x) a ( hang so) Ho nguyen ham F(x)+C ax + C x +1 +C +1 ln x + C
ax +C ln a ex + C

Ho nguyen ham F(x)+C

1 (ax + b) +1 +C a +1 1 ln ax + b + C a

x 1 x ax ex
sinx cosx

1 ax + b

eax + b
sin(ax+b) cos(ax+b)
1 cos (ax + b)
2

-cosx + C Sinx + C tgx + C

1 cos2 x
1 sin2 x
u' ( x ) u( x ) tgx cotgx

1 cos(ax + b) + C a 1 sin(ax + b) + C a 1 tg(ax + b) + C a 1 cot g(ax + b) + C a 1 xa +C ln 2a x + a

1 ax + b e +C a

-cotgx + C

1 sin (ax + b)
2

ln u( x ) + C

1 x a2
2

ln cos x + C ln sin x + C

1 x +a
2 2

ln x + x 2 + a2 + C

Phng phap 1: Phan tch tch phan a cho thanh nhng tch phan n gian co cong thc trong bang nguyen ham c ban Cach phan tch : Dung bien oi ai so nh mu, luy tha, cac hang ang thc ... va bien oi lng giac bang cac cong thc lng giac c ban. V du : Tm ho nguyen ham cua cac ham so sau: 1 2x 5 1. f ( x ) = cos3 x + 2. f(x) = 2 x 4x + 3 x +1 x 83

Phng phap 2: S dung cach viet vi phan hoa trong tch phan tgx 1 + ln x V du: Tnh cac tch phan: 1. cos5 x sin xdx 2. 3. dx dx x cos x I. TNH TCH PHAN BANG CACH S DUNG N VA CAC TNH CHAT TCH PHAN 1. nh ngha: Cho ham so y=f(x) lien tuc tren [ a; b] . Gia s F(x) la mot nguyen ham cua ham so f(x) th:

f ( x )dx = [ F ( x )]a = F (b) F (a)

a

( Cong thc NewTon - Leiptnitz)

2. Cac tnh chat cua tch phan: Tnh chat 1: Neu ham so y=f(x) xac nh tai a th : Tnh chat 2:

f ( x )dx = 0
a

f ( x )dx = f ( x )dx
a b b a

Tnh chat 3: Neu f(x) = c khong oi tren [ a; b] th: cdx = c(b a) Tnh chat 4: Neu f(x) lien tuc tren [ a; b] va f ( x ) 0 th

f ( x )dx 0
a

Tnh chat 5: Neu hai ham so f(x) va g(x) lien tuc tren [ a; b] va f ( x ) g( x ) x [ a;b] th

f ( x )dx g( x )dx
a b a

Tnh chat 6: Neu f(x) lien tuc tren [ a; b] va m f ( x ) M ( m,M la hai hang so) th
m(b a) f ( x )dx M (b a)

Tnh chat 7: Neu hai ham so f(x) va g(x) lien tuc tren [ a; b] th

[ f ( x ) g( x )] dx = f ( x )dx g( x )dx
Tnh chat 8: Neu ham so f(x) lien tuc tren [ a; b] va k la mot hang so th
a a a

k. f ( x )dx = k. f ( x )dx
Tnh chat 9: Neu ham so f(x) lien tuc tren [ a; b] va c la mot hang so th
a a

f ( x )dx = f ( x )dx + f ( x )dx

Tnh chat 10: Tch phan cua ham so tren [ a; b] cho trc khong phu thuoc vao bien so , ngha la :
a a c

f ( x )dx = f (t)dt = f (u)du = ...

a a a

84

Bai 1: Tnh cac tch phan sau: 1 x 1) 2) dx (2x + 1)3 0 5)

2x 5 x2 4x + 4dx 0
4
1

0 3

x dx 2x + 1
3

3) x 1 xdx
0

4) 8)

4x + 11 dx x + 5x + 6 0
2

6)

x x2 + 2x + 1dx 0
2 0

7) (sin 6 x + cos6 x)dx

0

4sin3 x 1 + cos xdx 0

1

1 + sin 2x 9) dx cos2 x 0

10) cos4 2xdx

11)
6

1 + sin 2x + cos 2x dx sin x + cos x

12)

1 dx . e +1 0
x

13) (cos 4 x sin 4 x)dx

0

17)
3

Bai 2: 1) 5)
3

4 dx x + 2x 3
2
2

cos 2 x dx 14) 0 1 + 2 sin 2 x 1 dx 18) 2 1 x + 2x + 5

4

sin 3x dx 15) 0 2 cos 3 x + 1

2

16)

cos x dx 0 5 2 sin x
2

1dx

2) 6)

3x + 2dx

3) 7)

( x + 2 x 2 )dx
0

4)

1 2

x2 +

1 2dx x2

2x 4dx

1 + cos 2xdx

1 + sin xdx

8) x 2 x dx
0

Bai 3: 1) Tm cac hang so A,B e ham so f(x) = A sin x + B thoa man ong thi cac ieu kien f (1) = 2
'

va

f(x)dx = 4
0

2) Tm cac gia tr cua hang so a e co ang thc :

b

[a
0

+ (4 4a)x + 4x3 ]dx = 12

II. TNH TCH PHAN BANG PHNG PHAP OI BIEN SO : 1) DANG 1:Tnh I = f[u(x)].u' (x)dx bang cach at t = u(x)
a

Cong thc oi bien so dang 1: Cach thc hien: Bc 1: at

f [u ( x)].u ' ( x)dx = f (t )dt

u (b ) u(a)

t = u ( x) dt = u ' ( x)dx x=b t = u (b) Bc 2: oi can : x=a t = u (a) Bc 3: Chuyen tch phan a cho sang tch phan theo bien t ta c I = f [u ( x)].u ' ( x)dx = f (t )dt (tiep tuc tnh tch phan mi)
b u (b ) a u (a)

85

Tnh cac tch phan sau: 1) cos3 x sin 2 xdx

0

2) cos5 xdx
0

3) 7)

sin 4x dx 1 + cos2 x 0

4) x 3 1 x 2 dx
0

5) sin 2x(1 + sin 2 x)3dx

0

6)

cos
0 1 0

1
4

dx

1 + ln x dx x

8)

cos xdx
0

9)

1 + ln 2 x x dx 1

10) x 5 (1 x3 )6 dx

11)

cos x 6 5sin x + sin2 xdx 0

ln 5

12)

tg4 x dx cos2x

13)

cos x + sin x 3 + sin 2 x dx 0

4

14)

2 2

sin 2 x cos x + 4 sin x

2

dx 15)

dx x x 3 ln 3 e + 2e

16)

sin 2 x dx 2 0 ( 2 + sin x )
2

ln(tgx) dx 17) sin 2 x

3 4

18) (1 tg 8 x)dx
0

19)

sin x cos x 1 + sin 2 x

x 1+ x 1

dx

20)

sin 2 x + sin x 1 + 3 cos x

dx

21)

sin 2 x cos x dx 0 1 + cos x

2

22) (e sin x + cos x) cos xdx 23)

0

dx

24)
1

1 + 3 ln x ln x dx x

25)

1 2 sin 2 x dx 0 1 + sin 2 x
4

2) DANG 2: Tnh I = f(x)dx bang cach at x = (t)

a

Cong thc oi bien so dang 2: Cach thc hien: Bc 1: at

I = f ( x)dx = f [ (t )] ' (t )dt

b a

x = (t ) dx = ' (t )dt x=b t= Bc 2: oi can : x=a t = Bc 3: Chuyen tch phan a cho sang tch phan theo bien t ta c

I = f ( x)dx = f [ (t )] ' (t )dt (tiep tuc tnh tch phan mi)

b a

Tnh cac tch phan sau: 1)

0 1

1 x 2 dx

2)

1 1 + x2 dx 0
2

3)

1 4 x2

dx

4)

1 dx x x +1 0
2

5)

x dx 4 x + x2 + 1 0

6)

1 1 + cos x + sin x dx 0

7) 86

2 2

x2 1 x2

dx

8) x 2 4 x 2 dx
1

9)

x
2

2 3

1 x 1
2

dx

10)

1
1

9 + 3x 2 dx x2

11)

1 x (1 + x )
cos x
5

dx

12)

1 x x2 1

dx

2 3

13)

cos x dx 7 + cos 2 x

1+ x4 14) dx 1+ x6 0

15)

1 + cos x
2

dx

16)

dx 1 x + 2x + 2
2

17)

1 0

dx 1 + 1 + 3x

18)

x x 1 dx 1 x5
2

II. TNH TCH PHAN BANG PHNG PHAP VI PHAN: Tnh cac tch phan sau: 1)

x
3

1
x2 + 1

dx

2)

0
2 0

7 3

x3 1+ x2

dx

3)

x 5 1 + x 2 dx dx x x2 + 4

4)

ln 2

1 ex + 2

dx

5)

7 3

x +1 dx 3 3x + 1

6)

2 3 x x + 1dx

7)

2 3

III. TNH TCH PHAN BANG PHNG PHAP TCH PHAN TNG PHAN: Cong thc tch phan tng phan:
b

u ( x).v' ( x)dx = [u ( x).v( x)]a v( x).u ' ( x)dx

b b a b

Hay: Cach thc hien: Bc 1: at

udv = [u.v ]a vdu

b b a

u = u ( x) du = u ' ( x)dx dv = v' ( x)dx v = v( x)

b b b a a

Bc 2: Thay vao cong thc tch phan tng tng phan : udv = [u.v ]a vdu Bc 3: Tnh [u.v ]a
b

va vdu
a

Tnh cac tch phan sau: ln x 1) 5 dx x 1 4)

2
2

2) x cos2 xdx
0

3) e x sin xdx
0

sin
0

xdx

5) x ln 2 xdx
1

6)

x + sin x dx cos2 x 0

87

7) x sin x cos xdx

2 0

8) x(2 cos x 1)dx

2 0

9)

ln(1 + x) dx x2
2
0

10) (x + 1)2 e2x dx 13)

( x + 1)
1 e

0 e

11) (x ln x)2 dx
1

12) cos x.ln(1 + cos x)dx 15) ( x 2)e 2 x dx

0 1

ln x

dx

14)

xtg xdx
2 0

16) x ln(1 + x 2 )dx

0

17)
1
3 2

ln x x

dx

18) ( x + cos 3 x) sin xdx

0

19) (2 x + 7) ln( x + 1)dx

0

20) ln( x 2 x)dx

MOT SO BAI TOAN TCH PHAN QUAN TRONG VA NG DUNG Bai 1: 1) CMR neu f(x) le va lien tuc tren [-a;a] (a>0) th : 2) CMR neu f(x) chan va lien tuc tren [-a;a] (a>0) th :
2 2
0
a
a

f(x)dx = 0
a 0

f(x)dx = 2 f(x)dx

Bai 2: 1) CMR neu f(t) la mot ham so lien tuc tren oan [0,1] th: a) f(sin x)dx = f(cos x)dx
b) xf(sin x)dx = f(sin x)dx 20 0
0

AP DUNG: Tnh cac tch phan sau: 1)

cos x cosn x + sin n xdx 0
n

vi n Z+

2)

cos x cos4 x + sin 4 xdx 0

4

3)

sin 6 x sin6 x + cos6 xdx 0

4) x sin xdx
5 0

5)
dx

x + cosx dx 4 sin 2 x
4

6)

x 4 + sin x x 2 + 1 dx 1

7)

4 cos
0

x sin x
2

8)

x cos
0

x sin3 xdx f (x) a x + 1 dx = f ( x )dx 0

Bai 3:CMR neu f(x) lien tuc va chan tren R th AP DUNG : Tnh cac tch phan sau: x4 1) x dx 2 +1 1
1

vi R + va a > 0 ; a 1

2)

1 x2 dx 1 + 2x
88

3)

sin 2 x 3x + 1 dx

IV .NG DUNG TCH PHAN TNH DIEN TCH HNH PHANG: Cong thc:

y
(C1 ) : y = f ( x ) (C ) : y = g ( x ) 2 (H ) : 1 : x = a 2 : x = b

x=a
(H )

x=b (C1 ) : y = f ( x) (C2 ) : y = g ( x)

y b

(C2 ) : x = g ( y) y =b (H ) y=a

a
O

( C 1 ) : x = f ( y ) ( C ) : x = g ( y ) (H ) : 2 1 : y = a 2 : y = b

x
b O

x
(C1 ) : x = f ( y)

S = [ f ( x) g ( x)]dx a yC1 y C2
b

S = [ f ( y ) g ( y )]dy a xC1 xC2

b

Tnh dien tch cua cac hnh phang sau:

x2 y = 4 4 1) (H1): 2 y = x 4 2 4)
y = x2 (H4): 2 x = y ln x y = 2 x (H7): y = 0 x = e x = 1
2

2 y = x 4x + 3 2) (H2) : y = x + 3

y = x 5) (H5): 2 y = 2 x y = x 2 2x 8) (H8) : 2 y = x + 4x

3x 1 y = x 1 3) (H3): y = 0 x = 0 y 2 + x 5 = 0 6) (H6): x + y 3 = 0 3 3 2 y = x + x 2 2 9) (H9): y = x

(C ) : y = e x 12) (d ) : y = 2 ( ) : x = 1

7)

y 2y + x = 0 10) (H10): x + y = 0

(C ) : y = x 11) (d ) : y = 2 x (Ox)

V. NG DUNG TCH PHAN TNH THE TCH VAT THE TRON XOAY. Cong thc: 89

y x=a

x=b (C ) : y = f ( x)

y b x=0 y =b (C ) : x = f ( y) y=a

y=0

x
b

a
O

V = [ f ( x)] dx
b a

V = [ f ( y )] dy
b a

Bai 1: Cho mien D gii han bi hai ng : x2 + x - 5 = 0 ; x + y - 3 = 0 Tnh the tch khoi tron xoay c tao nen do D quay quanh truc Ox Bai 2: Cho mien D gii han bi cac ng : y = x; y = 2 x; y = 0 Tnh the tch khoi tron xoay c tao nen do D quay quanh truc Oy Bai 3: Cho mien D gii han bi hai ng : y = (x 2)2 va y = 4 Tnh the tch khoi tron xoay c tao nen do D quay quanh: a) Truc Ox b) Truc Oy Bai 4: Cho mien D gii han bi hai ng : y = 4 x 2 ; y = x 2 + 2 . Tnh the tch khoi tron xoay c tao nen do D quay quanh truc Ox 1 x2 Bai 5: Cho mien D gii han bi cac ng : y = 2 ; y = x +1 2 Tnh the tch khoi tron xoay c tao nen do D quay quanh truc Ox

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