Chuyen e 1:

PHNG TRNH AI SO
& BAT PHNG TRNH AI SO
TOM TAT GIAO KHOA

CAC HANG ANG THC C BAN

1. (a + b)2 = a2 + 2ab + b2

2. (a b)2 = a2 2ab + b2

a 2 + b 2 = (a + b) 2 2ab
a 2 + b 2 = (a b) 2 + 2ab

4. (a + b)3 = a3 + 3a2b + 3ab2 + b3

a 3 + b3 = (a + b)3 3ab(a + b)

3. a2 b2 = (a + b)(a b)

5. (a b)3 = a3 3a2b + 3ab2 b3

6. a3 + b3 = (a + b)(a2 ab + b2 )
7. a3 b3 = (a b)(a2 + ab + b2 )

Ap dung:
Biet x + y = S va xy = P . Hay tnh cac bieu thc sau theo S va P
a) A = x 2 + y 2

b) B = (x - y) 2

c) C = x 3 + y 3

A. PHNG TRNH AI SO
I. Giai va bien luan phng trnh bac nhat:
1. Dang :

x : an so

a, b : tham so

ax + b = 0 (1)

2. Giai va bien luan:

Ta co :
Bien luan:

(1) ax = -b (2)

b
a
Neu a = 0 th (2) tr thanh 0.x = -b
* Neu b 0 th phng trnh (1) vo nghiem
* Neu b = 0 th phng trnh (1) nghiem ung vi moi x
Tom lai :
b
a 0 : phng trnh (1) co nghiem duy nhat x =
a
a = 0 va b 0 : phng trnh (1) vo nghiem
a = 0 va b = 0 : phng trnh (1) nghiem ung vi moi x

Neu a 0 th (2) x =

d) D = x4 + y4

Ap dung:
V du : Giai va bien luan cac phng trnh sau:
1) 2 x + 3m = mx + 2
2
2) m x + 2 = x + 2m
xm x2
=
3)
x +1 x 1
2 x + 3m
m
2m 1
4)
=
+
2
x +1 x 1
x 1
3. ieu kien ve nghiem so cua phng trnh:
nh ly:
Xet phng trnh ax + b = 0 (1) ta co:

(1) co nghiem duy nhat

(1) vo nghiem

(1) nghiem ung vi moi x

a 0
a = 0

b 0
a = 0

b = 0

Ap dung:
V du :

1) Vi gia tr nao cua a, b th phng trnh sau nghiem ung vi moi x

a 4 ( x + 1)a 2 + x b = 0
( a = 1; b = 0 )
2) Cho phng trnh (2m 1) x + (3 n)( x 2) 2m + n + 2 = 0
Tm m v n phng trnh nghim ng vi mi x

3) Cho phng trnh: (2m + 1) x 3m + 2 = 3 x + m

Tm m phng trnh c nghim x ( 0;3)
4) Cho phng trnh: (3m 2) x m = 4mx + 2m 5
Tm m nguyn phng trnh c nghim nguyn

5) Cho phng trnh:

2mx 3
x

(m <

1
m >2)
2

( m {3; 13; 1;9} )

xm
x

Vi gi tr no ca m th phng trnh c nghim duy nht

6) Vi gia tr nao cua m th phng trnh sau co nghiem

2x + m
x 2m + 3
4 x 1 =
x 1
x 1
7) Cho phng trnh:

1
( m = ;n =1)
2

1
< m < 3)
2

x 1 (2m 3) x + m + (1 m) x 3 = 0

Tm m phng trnh c hai nghim phn bit

(2 < m <

5
)
2

BAI TAP TRAC NGHIEM KHACH QUAN

Thi gian 10 phut

E:
Bai 1: Phng trnh 3(m + 4)x + 1 = 2x + 2(m 3) co nghiem duy nhat vi gia tr cua m la:
4
3
10
4
(B) m =
(C) m
(D) m
(A) m =
3
4
3
3
2
Bai 2: Phng trnh (m 2)(x + 1) = x + 2 vo nghiem vi gia tr cua m la:

(B) m = 1
(C) m = 2
(A) m = 0
2
Bai 3: Phng trnh (m + 3m)x + m + 3 = 0 co tap nghiem la R khi :
(A) m = 0
(B) m = 3
(C) m = 0; m = 3
2x + m
Bai 4: Phng trnh
= m vo nghiem vi gia tr cua m la:
x 1
(B) m = 2
(C) m = 2
(A) m = 2
mx + m + 1
= m vo nghiem vi gia tr cua m la:
Bai 5: Phng trnh
x2
(A) m = 0
(B) m = 1
(C) m = 0; m = 1

(D) m = 3
(D) Mot ap so khac

(D) Khong co m

(D) Mot ap so khac

AP AN:
Bai 1: Phng trnh 3(m + 4)x + 1 = 2x + 2(m 3) co nghiem duy nhat vi gia tr cua m la:
4
3
10
4
(B) m =
(C) m
(D) m
(A) m =
3
4
3
3
2
Bai 2: Phng trnh (m 2)(x + 1) = x + 2 vo nghiem vi gia tr cua m la:

(B) m = 1
(C) m = 2
(A) m = 0
2
Bai 3: Phng trnh (m + 3m)x + m + 3 = 0 co tap nghiem la R khi :
(A) m = 0
(B) m = 3
(C) m = 0; m = 3
2x + m
Bai 4: Phng trnh
= m vo nghiem vi gia tr cua m la:
x 1
(A) m = 2
(B) m = 2
(C) m = 2
mx + m + 1
= m vo nghiem vi gia tr cua m la:
Bai 5: Phng trnh
x2
(A) m = 0
(B) m = 1
(C) m = 0; m = 1

(D) m = 3
(D) Mot ap so khac

(D) Khong co m

(D) Mot ap so khac

II.Giai va bien luan phng trnh bac hai:

1. Dang:

x : an so

a, b , c : tham so

ax 2 + bx + c = 0 (1)

2. Giai va bien luan phng trnh :

Xet hai trng hp

Trng hp 1: Neu a = 0 th (1) la phng trnh bac nhat : bx + c = 0

b 0 : phng trnh (1) co nghiem duy nhat x =

c
b

b = 0 va c 0 : phng trnh (1) vo nghiem

b = 0 va c = 0 : phng trnh (1) nghiem ung vi moi x
Trng hp 2: Neu a 0 th (1) la phng trnh bac hai co
Biet so = b 2 4ac

( hoac ' = b '2 ac vi b' =

Bien luan:
) Neu < 0 th pt (1) vo nghiem
) Neu = 0 th pt (1) co nghiem so kep x1 = x2 =

b
2a

) Neu > 0 th pt (1) co hai nghiem phan biet x1,2 =

b
2a

Ap dung:
V du 1:
Giai cac phng trnh sau:
5 12 x
=x
1)
12 x 8
x2 + 2x 3
2)
= 3
( x 1)2
V du 2:
1) Giai va bien luan phng trnh : x 2 2 x = m( x 1) 2

2) Gii v bin lun phng trnh : (m 1) x 2 + (2m 3) x + m + 1 = 0

( x1 = x2 =
( x1,2 =

b'
)
a

b' '
)
a

b
)
2

3. ieu kien ve nghiem so cua phng trnh bac hai:

nh ly :
Xet phng trnh : ax 2 + bx + c = 0 (1)
a = 0
a 0

b = 0 hoac
< 0
c 0

Pt (1) vo nghiem

Pt (1) co nghiem kep

Pt (1) co hai nghiem phan biet

Pt (1) co hai nghiem

a 0

= 0
a 0

> 0
a 0

0
a = 0

b = 0
c = 0

Pt (1) nghiem ung vi moi x

ac biet
Neu pt(1) co he so a,c thoa a.c < 0 th pt(1) luon co hai nghiem phan biet.

Ap dung:
V du 1:
Vi gia tr nao cua m th phng trnh sau co hai nghiem phan biet:
2x 2 x + 1
= mx
x 1
V du 2:
1) Vi gia tr nao cua m th phng trnh sau co ba nghiem phan biet:
( x + 1)( x 2 + 2mx + m + 2) = 0
2) Vi gia tr nao cua m th phng trnh sau co ba nghiem phan biet:
( x 1)(mx 2 4 x + m) = 0
4. nh ly VIET oi vi phng trnh bac hai:
) nh ly thuan: Neu phng trnh bac hai : ax 2 + bx + c = 0 ( a 0 ) co hai nghiem x1, x2 th

S = x1 + x 2 = a

P = x .x = c
1 2
a

) nh ly ao : Neu co hai so , ma + = S va . = P ( S 2 4 P) th , la nghiem cua

phng trnh

x2 - Sx + P = 0
5

) Y ngha cua nh ly VIET:

Cho phep tnh gia tr cac bieu thc oi xng cua cac nghiem ( tc la bieu thc cha x1, x2 va
x 2 + x 22
1
1
+ 2 + 2 ) ma
khong thay oi gia tr khi ta thay oi vai tro x1,x2 cho nhau .V du: A = 1
x1 x 2
x1 x 2

khong can giai pt tm x1, x2 , tm hai so khi biet tong va tch cua chung .
Chu y:
) Neu pt (1) co cac he so thoa man a+b+c=0 th pt (1) co hai nghiem la x1 = 1 va x 2 =

c
a

) Neu pt (1) co cac he so thoa man a-b+c=0 th pt (1) co hai nghiem la x1 = 1 va x 2 =

Ap dung:

V du 1 : Cho phng trnh: x 2 2 x + m 1 = 0 (1)

Vi gia tr nao cua m th pt (1) co hai nghiem phan biet x1, x2 thoa man x12 + x 22 = 4
V du 2: Cho phng trnh: x 2 2mx + 3m 2 = 0 (1)
Tm m e phng trnh (1) co 2 nghiem phan biet x1, x2 thoa man 5 x1 + 3 x 2 = 4
V du 3: Cho phng trnh: (3m 1)x 2 + 2(m + 1)x m + 2 = 0 (1)

Tm m e phng trnh (1) co 2 nghiem phan biet x1, x2 thoa man x1 x 2 = 2

5. Dau nghiem so cua phng trnh bac hai:
Da vao nh ly Viet ta co the suy ra nh ly sau:
nh ly: Xet phng trnh bac hai : ax 2 + bx + c = 0 (1) ( a 0 )
> 0

) Pt (1) co hai nghiem dng phan biet

P > 0
S > 0

> 0

) Pt (1) co hai nghiem am phan biet

P > 0
S < 0

) Pt (1) co hai nghiem trai dau

P<0

Ap dung:
V du :

1) Vi gia tr nao cua m th phng trnh sau co hai nghiem dng phan biet:
mx 2 + x + m = 0
2) Cho phng trnh: ( x 2)( x 2 2mx + 3m 2) = 0
Tm m phng trnh c ba nghim phn bit

c
a

E SO 1:

BAI TAP TRAC NGHIEM KHACH QUAN

Thi gian 10 phut

Bai 1: Phng trnh (m 1)x 2 + 2mx + m = 0 co hai nghiem phan biet khi :
(B) m 0
(C) m > 0 va m 1 (D) m 0 va m 1
(A) m > 0
2
Bai 2: Phng trnh : mx + 2(m 3)x + m 5 = 0 vo nghiem khi :
(B) m 9
(C) m < 9
(D) m < 9 va m 0
(A) m > 9
2
2
Bai 3: Cho phng trnh bac hai: x 2(m + 2)x + m + 12 = 0 . Gia tr nguyen nho nhat cua tham so m e
phng trnh co hai nghiem phan biet la:
(A) m = 1
(B) m = 2
(C) m = 3
(D) m = 4
1 1
Bai 4: Gia s x1, x2 la hai nghiem cua phng trnh: x 2 + 3x 10 = 0 . Gia tr cua tong
+
la
x1 x 2
3
3
10
10
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
10
10
3
3
2
Bai 5: Phng trnh: x mx + m 1 = 0 co hai nghiem dng phan biet khi
(A) m > 1
(B) m 1
(C) m > 1 va m 2 (D) m 1 va m 2

AP AN:
Bai 1: Phng trnh (m 1)x 2 + 2mx + m = 0 co hai nghiem phan biet khi :
(A) m > 0
(B) m 0
(C) m > 0 va m 1 (D) m 0 va m 1
2
Bai 2: Phng trnh : mx + 2(m 3)x + m 5 = 0 vo nghiem khi :
(A) m > 9
(B) m 9
(C) m < 9
(D) m < 9 va m 0
2
2
Bai 3: Cho phng trnh bac hai: x 2(m + 2)x + m + 12 = 0 . Gia tr nguyen nho nhat cua tham so m e
phng trnh co hai nghiem phan biet la:
(A) m = 1
(B) m = 2
(C) m = 3
(D) m = 4
1 1
+
Bai 4: Gia s x1, x2 la hai nghiem cua phng trnh: x 2 + 3x 10 = 0 . Gia tr cua tong
la
x1 x 2
3
3
10
10
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
10
10
3
3
2
Bai 5: Phng trnh: x mx + m 1 = 0 co hai nghiem dng phan biet khi
(A) m > 1
(B) m 1
(C) m > 1 va m 2 (D) m 1 va m 2

II. Phng trnh trung phng:

1.Dang :

ax 4 + bx 2 + c = 0

(a 0)

(1)

2.Cach giai:
) at an phu : t = x2 ( t 0 ). Ta c phng trnh: at 2 + bt + c = 0 (2)
Giai pt (2) tm t. Thay t tm c vao t = x2 e tm x
Tuy theo so nghiem cua phng trnh (2) ma ta suy ra c so nghiem
cua phng trnh (1)

Ap dung:
V du 1:

Giai phng trnh : 32x3 =

89x2 25
vi x > 0; x 1
2x

V du 2:
1) Vi gia tr nao cua m th cc phng trnh sau co 4 nghiem phan biet:
a) x 4 2 x 2 3 = m
b) x 4 (m + 2) x 2 + 4m + 1 = 0

2) Cho phng trnh: x 4 (m + 2) x 2 + 4m + 1 = 0

Tm m phng trnh c bn nghim phn bit lp thnh mt cp s cng
III . Phng trnh bac ba:
1. Dang:

ax 3 + bx 2 + cx + d = 0 (1) ( a 0 )

2 .Cach giai: Ap dung khi biet c mot nghiem cua phng trnh (1)
)Bc 1: Nham mot nghiem cua phng trnh (1). Gia s nghiem la x = x0
)Bc 2: S dung phep CHIA A THC hoac s o HOOCNE e phan tch ve trai thanh nhan
t va a pt (1) ve dang tch so :
(1) (x-x0)(Ax2+Bx+C) = 0
x = x0
2
Ax + Bx + C = 0 (2)
)Bc 3: Giai phng trnh (2) tm cac nghiem con lai ( neu co).

B sung kin thc:

nh l Bezu (B-du)
a thc P(x) c nghim x = x0 khi v ch khi P(x) chia ht cho x x0
Ap dung:
V du 1: Giai cac phng trnh sau:
a) 2 x 3 9 x 2 + 12 x 4 = 0
b) x 3 + x 2 x + 2 = 4 x 1
c) 2 x 3 + 7 x 2 28 x + 12 = 0

V du 2:
Vi gia tr nao cua m th cc phng trnh sau co ba nghiem phan biet
a) x 3 3 x 2 + 2 = mx + m 2
b) x 3 (2m + 1) x 2 + mx + m = 0

c) x 3 2(m + 1) x 2 + (7m 2) x + 4 6m = 0
d) mx 3 (m 4) x 2 + (4 + m) x m = 0
e) x 3 + (1 m) x 2 3mx + 2m 2 = 0
V d 3: Cho phng trnh : x 3 + 3mx 2 3 x 3m + 2 = 0
Tm m phng trnh c ba nghim phn bit x1 , x2 , x3 sao cho A = x12 + x22 + x32 t GTNN.

Chu y
Ta co the ap dung phng phap phan tch a thc thanh nhan t bang ky thuat s dung s o HOOCNE,
e giai cac phng trnh a thc bac cao (vi ieu kien nham c mot nghiem cua a thc)
V du:
Giai cc phng trnh:
1) x 4 5 x 3 + x 2 + 21x 18 = 0
2) x 4 + x 3 7 x 2 x + 6 = 0
3) x 4 + 2 x 3 4 x 2 5 x 6 = 0
IV. PHNG TRNH BAC BON QUY VE BAC HAI BANG PHEP AT AN PHU

1.Dang I:

ax 4 + bx 2 + c = 0

(a 0)

) at an phu : t = x2

2. Dang II.

( x + a)( x + b)( x + c)( x + d ) = k

( k 0 ) trong o a+b = c+d

) at an phu : t = (x+a)(x+b)
V d : Gii phng trnh: ( x + 1)( x + 3)( x + 5)( x + 7 ) = 9

3.Dang III:

( x + a )4 + ( x + b )4 = k

(k 0)

) at an phu : t = x +

a+b
2

V d : Gii phng trnh: ( x + 3) + ( x + 5) = 2

4

4.Dang IV:

ax 4 + bx 3 + cx 2 bx + a = 0

Chia hai ve phng trnh cho x2

1
x
4
3
2
V d : Gii phng trnh: 2 x + 3 x 16 x + 3 x + 2 = 0
) at an phu : t = x

10

B. BAT PHNG TRNH AI SO

I. Bat phng trnh bac nhat:
1. Dang :

(hoac

ax + b > 0 (1)

, <, )

2. Giai va bien luan:

Ta co :

(1) ax > b (2)

Bien luan:

b
a
b
Neu a < 0 th (2) x <
a
Neu a = 0 th (2) tr thanh : 0.x > b
* b 0 th bpt vo nghiem
* b > 0 th bpt nghiem ung vi moi x
Neu a > 0 th

(2) x >

Ap dung:
V du1: Giai va bien luan bat phng trnh : mx + 1 > x + m 2
2 x + 9 0

V du 2: Giai he bat phng trnh sau: 4 x 0

3 x + 1 0

2x 1 x + 4
V du 3: Vi gia tr nao cua m th he phng trnh sau co nghiem:
5x + 2m 1 < x + m
II. Dau cua nh thc bac nhat:
1. Dang:

f ( x) = ax + b (a 0)

2. Bang xet dau cua nh thc:

x
ax+b

Trai dau vi a

b
a
0

Ap dung:
V du : Xet dau cac bieu thc sau:
1) A = ( x 3)( x + 1)(2 3x)
x+7
2) B =
( x 2)(2 x 1)

11

Cung dau vi a

III. Dau cua tam thc bac hai:

f ( x) = ax 2 + bx + c

1. Dang:

(a 0)

2. Bang xet dau cua tam thc bac hai:

<0

= b 2 4ac

=0

x
f(x)
x

Cung dau a

f(x)

>0

x
f(x)

Cung dau a

b
2a
0

x1

nh ly: Cho tam thc bac hai: f ( x) = ax 2 + bx + c

f ( x) > 0 x R

f ( x) < 0 x R

f ( x) 0 x R

f ( x) 0 x R

(a 0)

< 0

a > 0
< 0

a < 0
0

a > 0
0

a < 0

Ap dung:
V du1 : Cho f ( x) = (m 1) x 2 2(m + 1) x + 3(m 2)
Tm m e f ( x) > 0 x R

2x 2 x + 3a
3 thoa vi moi x
V du 2: Vi gia tr nao cua m th 2 2
x +x+4
IV. Bat phng trnh bac hai:
1. Dang:

ax 2 + bx + c > 0

Cung dau a

x2

Cung dau a 0 Trai dau a 0 Cung dau a

3. ieu kien khong oi dau cua tam thc:

( hoac
12

, <, )

2. Cach giai: Xet dau tam thc bac hai ve trai roi chon nghiem thch hp.

Ap dung:
V du1 : Giai cac he bat phng trnh:
3 x 11 > 0
a)
2
11x + 10 x + 1 > 0
3x 2 7 x + 2 > 0
b)
2 x 2 + x + 3 > 0
Phng php: Gii tng bt phng trnh ca h ri chn nghim chung (phn giao ca cc tp
nghim ca tng bt phng trnh trong h).
x + 5 2x 1
+
>2
V du 2 : Giai bat phng trnh:
2x 1 x + 5
V du 3: Vi gia tr nao cua m th phng trnh sau co hai nghiem phan biet:
x 2 (2m + 3) x + 2(m + 3) = 0
2x 3
V du 4: Tm tap xac nh cua ham so: y = 2x 2 + x 6 +
x 2 5x + 4
V. So sanh mot so vi cac nghiem cua tam thc bac hai f ( x) = ax 2 + bx + c ( a 0 )
nh ly:
Tam thc co hai nghiem x1 , x 2 thoa

x1 < < x 2

Tam thc co hai nghiem x1 , x 2 thoa

x1 < x 2 <

Tam thc co hai nghiem x1 , x 2 thoa

< x1 < x 2

Tam thc co hai nghiem x1 , x 2 thoa

mot nghiem thuoc khoang (;) va

nghiem con lai nam ngoai oan [;]

[ a.f() < 0 ]

> 0

a.f( ) > 0

S
< 0
2

> 0

a.f( ) > 0
S

> 0
2

[f( ).f() < 0]

Ap dung:
V du : Cho phng trnh: x 2 2mx + 3m 2 = 0 (1)
Tm m e phng trnh (1) co 2 nghiem x1, x2 thoa man 1 < x1 < x 2

13

BAI TAP REN LUYEN:

2

x 2x + 4
= mx + 2 2m (1)
x2
Tm m e phng trnh (1) co 2 nghiem phan biet
Bai 2: Cho phng trnh: x 2 (m + 1) x + 3m 5 = 0 (1)

Bai 1: Cho phng trnh:

(m>1)

Tm m e phng trnh (1) co 2 nghiem dng phan biet

mx 2 + x + m
Bai 3: Cho phng trnh:
=0
x 1

5
( < m < 3 m > 7 )
3

(1)

Tm m e phng trnh (1) co hai nghiem dng phan biet

Bai 4: Cho phng trnh: x 4 mx 2 + m 1 = 0 (1)

Tm m e phng trnh (1) co 4 nghiem phan biet

1
< m <0)
2

(m > 1 m 2)

Bai 5: Cho phng trnh: ( x 1)( x + mx + m) = 0 (1)

2

1
(m < 0 m > 4 m )
2

Tm m e phng trnh (1) co 3 nghiem phan biet

Bai 6: Cho phng trnh : mx 2 + (m 1) x + 3(m 1) = 0

(1)

Vi gia tr nao cua m th pt (1) co hai nghiem phan biet x1, x2 thoa

1
1 7
+ 2 =
2
x1 x 2 9

1
(m = )
2

1 3
2
x mx 2 x + m + = 0 (1)
3
3
Tm m e phng trnh (1) co ba nghiemphan biet x1, x2, x3 thoa man x12 + x 22 + x32 > 15
(m < 1 m > 1)
--------------------Het--------------------

Bai 7: Cho phng trnh:

14

E SO 1:

TRAC NGHIEM KHACH QUAN

Cau 1: Tap hp cac gia tr m e phng trnh:

(A) ; +
3

x 1 +

(B) ;
3

xm
2m
=
co nghiem la
x 1
x 1
1

(C) (1; + )
(D) ; +
3

Cau 2: Tap xac nh cua ham so y = 4x 3 + x 2 + 5x 6 la

3

3
(A) [1; + )
(B) ; +
(C) ;1
4
4

6 3
(D) ;
5 4

2x 2 3x + 4
Cau 3: Tap nghiem cua bat phng trnh:
> 1 la
x2 + 2
(A) ( ; 1) ( 2; + )
(B) ( ; 2 ) ( 1; + )
(C) ( ;1) ( 2; + )

(D) ( ;2 ) ( 4; + )

Cau 4: Phng trnh: (m 2 + 1)x 2 x 2m + 3 = 0 co hai nghiem trai dau khi va ch khi
2
3
3
3
(A) m >
(B) m <
(C) m >
(D) m >
3
2
2
2
2x 1 > 0
Cau 5: He bat phng trnh :
vo nghiem khi va ch khi
x m < 3
5
5
7
5
(B) m
(C) m <
(D) m
(A) m <
2
2
2
2

AP AN:

Cau 1: Tap hp cac gia tr m e phng trnh:

(A) ; +
3

x 1 +

(B) ;
3

xm
2m
=
co nghiem la
x 1
x 1
1

(C) (1; + )
(D) ; +
3

Cau 2: Tap xac nh cua ham so y = 4x 3 + x 2 + 5x 6 la

3

3
(A) [1; + )
(B) ; +
(C) ;1
4
4

(A) ( ; 1) ( 2; + )

2x 2 3x + 4
> 1 la
x2 + 2
(B) ( ; 2 ) ( 1; + )

(C) ( ;1) ( 2; + )

(D) ( ;2 ) ( 4; + )

Cau 3: Tap nghiem cua bat phng trnh:

6 3
(D) ;
5 4

Cau 4: Phng trnh: (m 2 + 1)x 2 x 2m + 3 = 0 co hai nghiem trai dau khi va ch khi
2
3
3
3
(B) m <
(C) m >
(D) m >
(A) m >
3
2
2
2
2x 1 > 0
Cau 5: He bat phng trnh :
vo nghiem khi va ch khi
x m < 3
5
5
7
5
(B) m
(C) m <
(D) m
(A) m <
2
2
2
2

15

E SO 2:
Cau 1:Tap hp cac gia tr m e phng trnh:

(A) ( 2;3)

x
1 x2

(B)

5 2m

co nghiem la
1 x2
(C) [ 2;3]
(D) ( 1;1)

Cau 2: Tap xac nh cua ham so y = x 2 + x 2 + 2x 3 la

3

(A) [1; + )
(B) [ 2;1] ; +
(C)
2

(D) ; +
2 ; +
2

2
2
Cau 3: Cac gia tr cua m e phng trnh: 3x + (3m 1)x + m 4 = 0 co hai nghiem trai dau la
(B) 2 < m < 2
(C) m < 2
(D) m < 2 hoac m > 2
(A) m < 4
2
Cau 4: Phng trnh: x + x + m = 0 vo nghiem khi va ch khi
3
3
5
(B) m <
(C) m > 0
(D) m >
(A) m >
4
4
4
x 1
Cau 5: Tap nghiem cua bat phng trnh:
> 1 la
x3
(A)
(B)
(C) ( 3; + )
(D) ( ;5)

AP AN:
Cau 1:Tap hp cac gia tr m e phng trnh:

(A) ( 2;3)

x
1 x2

(B)

5 2m

co nghiem la
1 x2
(C) [ 2;3]
(D) ( 1;1)

Cau 2: Tap xac nh cua ham so y = x 2 + x 2 + 2x 3 la

3

(A) [1; + )
(B) [ 2;1] ; +
(C)
2

(D) ; +
2 ; +
2

2
2
Cau 3: Cac gia tr cua m e phng trnh: 3x + (3m 1)x + m 4 = 0 co hai nghiem trai dau la
(B) 2 < m < 2
(C) m < 2
(D) m < 2 hoac m > 2
(A) m < 4
2
Cau 4: Phng trnh: x + x + m = 0 vo nghiem khi va ch khi
3
3
5
(A) m >
(B) m <
(C) m > 0
(D) m >
4
4
4
x 1
Cau 5: Tap nghiem cua bat phng trnh:
> 1 la
x3
(A)
(B)
(C) ( 3; + )
(D) ( ;5)

16

E SO 3:
Cau 1: Tap xac nh cua ham so y = 4 3x x 2 la
1
1

(A) [ 4;1]
(B) ;1
(C) ( ; 4] [1; + )
(D) ; [1; + )
4
4

(m 1)x (m + 2)x 2m + 1
Cau 2: Tap hp cac gia tr m e phng trnh:
co nghiem la
=
4 x2
4 x2
7 3
5 7
5 7
(B) ;
(C) ;
(D)
(A) ;
2 2
2 2
2 2
Cau 3: Phng trnh: x 2 2mx + m 2 + 3m 1 = 0 co hai nghiem khi va ch khi
1
1
1
1
(A) m
(B) m <
(C) m
(D) m
3
3
3
3
2
Cau 4: Phng trnh: (m + 3)x 3x + 2m 5 = 0 co hai nghiem trai dau khi va ch khi
5
5
5
(A) m > 3
(B) 3 < m <
(C) m <
(D) m < 3 hoac m >
2
2
2
3x 1 0
Cau 5: Vi gia tr nao cua m th he bat phng trnh:
co nghiem duy nhat ?
x + m 2
5
5
7
(B) m =
(C) m =
(D) khong co gia tr nao cua m
(A) m =
3
3
3

AP AN:
Cau 1: Tap xac nh cua ham so y = 4 3x x 2 la
1
1

(A) [ 4;1]
(B) ;1
(C) ( ; 4] [1; + )
(D) ; [1; + )
4
4

(m 1)x (m + 2)x 2m + 1
=
Cau 2: Tap hp cac gia tr m e phng trnh:
co nghiem la
4 x2
4 x2
7 3
5 7
5 7
(B) ;
(C) ;
(D)
(A) ;
2 2
2 2
2 2
Cau 3: Phng trnh: x 2 2mx + m 2 + 3m 1 = 0 co hai nghiem khi va ch khi
1
1
1
1
(A) m
(B) m <
(C) m
(D) m
3
3
3
3
2
Cau 4: Phng trnh: (m + 3)x 3x + 2m 5 = 0 co hai nghiem trai dau khi va ch khi
5
5
5
(A) m > 3
(B) 3 < m <
(C) m <
(D) m < 3 hoac m >
2
2
2
3x 1 0
Cau 5: Vi gia tr nao cua m th he bat phng trnh:
co nghiem duy nhat ?
x + m 2
5
5
7
(B) m =
(C) m =
(D) khong co gia tr nao cua m
(A) m =
3
3
3

17

E SO 4:
x2 + 2
la
x2 + 3x 4
(B) ( 4;1)
(C) ( ; 4 ) (1; + )

Cau 1: Tap xac nh cua ham so y =

(A) ( ; 4 ] [1; + )

(D) [ 4;1]

Cau 2: Phng trnh: x + 4mx + 4m 2m 5 = 0 co hai nghiem trai dau khi va ch khi
5
5
5
5
(A) m
(B) m >
(C) m
(D) m
2
2
2
2
2
Cau 3: Phng trnh: x 2(m 1)x + m 3 = 0 co hai nghiem oi nhau khi va ch khi
(B) m < 1
(C) m = 1
(D) 1 < m < 3
(A) m < 3
2
Cau 4: Phng trnh: x + x + m = 0 vo nghiem khi va ch khi
3
3
5
(A) m >
(B) m <
(C) m > 0
(D) m >
4
4
4
1
Cau 5: Tap xac nh cua ham so y = x 2 + x + 2 +
la
2x 3
2

(B) ; +
(C) ; +
(D) ; +
(A) ; +
2

AP AN:
x2 + 2
Cau 1: Tap xac nh cua ham so y =
la
x2 + 3x 4
(B) ( 4;1)
(C) ( ; 4 ) (1; + )
(A) ( ; 4 ] [1; + )

(D) [ 4;1]

Cau 2: Phng trnh: x 2 + 4mx + 4m 2 2m 5 = 0 co hai nghiem trai dau khi va ch khi
5
5
5
5
(A) m
(B) m >
(C) m
(D) m
2
2
2
2
2
Cau 3: Phng trnh: x 2(m 1)x + m 3 = 0 co hai nghiem oi nhau khi va ch khi
(B) m < 1
(C) m = 1
(D) 1 < m < 3
(A) m < 3
2
Cau 4: Phng trnh: x + x + m = 0 vo nghiem khi va ch khi
3
3
5
(A) m >
(B) m <
(C) m > 0
(D) m >
4
4
4
1
Cau 5: Tap xac nh cua ham so y = x 2 + x + 2 +
la
2x 3
2

(B) ; +
(C) ; +
(D) ; +
(A) ; +
2

18

E SO 5:
Cau 1: Tap xac nh cua ham so y = x 2 + x + 2 +

(A) ; +
3

1
la
2x 3

(B) ; +
3

(C) ; +
2

(D) ; +
2

x2 1
la
1 x
(B) [ 1; + ) \ {1}

(C) ( ; 1] (1; + )

(D) ( ;1)

Cau 2: Tap xac nh cua ham so y =

(A) ( ; 1]

Cau 3: Phng trnh: x 2 7mx m 6 = 0 co hai nghiem trai dau khi va ch khi
(A) m < 6
(B) m > 6
(C) m < 6
(D) m > 6
Cau 4: Gia s x1, x2 la hai nghiem cua phng trnh: x 2 13x 7 = 0 . Gia tr cua tong

(A)

13
7

(B)

13
7

(C)

2x + 11
>0
x 1
11

(B) S = ; +
(C)
2

Cau 5: Tap nghiem cua bat phng trnh:

11

(A) S = ; +
2

7
13

(D)

7
13

1 1
+
la
x1 x 2

la
11
;1
2

11

(D) ; (1; + )
2

AP AN:
Cau 1: Tap xac nh cua ham so y = x 2 + x + 2 +

(A) ; +
3

1
la
2x 3

(B) ; +
3

(C) ; +
2

(D) ; +
2

x2 1
la
1 x
(B) [ 1; + ) \ {1}

(C) ( ; 1] (1; + )

(D) ( ;1)

Cau 2: Tap xac nh cua ham so y =

(A) ( ; 1]

Cau 3: Phng trnh: x 2 7mx m 6 = 0 co hai nghiem trai dau khi va ch khi
(A) m < 6
(B) m > 6
(C) m < 6
(D) m > 6
Cau 4: Gia s x1, x2 la hai nghiem cua phng trnh: x 2 13x 7 = 0 . Gia tr cua tong

(A)

13
7

(B)

13
7

(C)

2x + 11
>0
x 1
11

(B) S = ; +
(C)
2

Cau 5: Tap nghiem cua bat phng trnh:

11

(A) S = ; +
2

19

7
13

(D)

7
13

1 1
+
la
x1 x 2

la
11
;1
2

11

(D) ; (1; + )
2

E SO 6:
Cau 1: Phng trnh: x 2 4mx + 2m = 0 co hai nghiem am phan biet khi va ch khi
1
1
(B) m < m > 0
(C) m
(D) m
(A) 0 < m <
2
2
(x 1)(x + 3)
Cau 2: Tap nghiem cua bat phng trnh:
0 la
2x 1
1
1
(A) S = 3; [1; + )
(B) S = ;1
(C) ( ; 3)
(D) S = (1; + )
2
2
Cau 3: Phng trnh: x 2 2x m = 0 co hai nghiem x1, x2 thoa man x1 < x 2 < 2 khi va ch khi
1
(A) 1 < m < 0
(B) 1 m < 0
(C) m > 0
(D) m >
4
(2x 1)(x + 3) < 0
Cau 4: He bat phng trnh : 2
co tap nghiem la:
x 4

(A) S = 3;
2

(B) S = 2;
2

x2
Cau 5: Tap nghiem cua bat phng trnh:
x + 1 la
x2
(A) S = ( ; 2 ) ( 2; + ) (B) S = ( ; 2] ( 2; + )

1
(C) S = 0;
2

(D) S = [ 2;2 ]

(C) ( ; 2 )

(D) S = ( 2; + )

AP AN:
Cau 1: Phng trnh: x 2 4mx + 2m = 0 co hai nghiem am phan biet khi va ch khi
1
1
(A) 0 < m <
(B) m < m > 0
(C) m
(D) m
2
2
(x 1)(x + 3)
Cau 2: Tap nghiem cua bat phng trnh:
0 la
2x 1
1
1
(B) S = ;1
(C) ( ; 3)
(D) S = (1; + )
(A) S = 3; [1; + )
2
2
Cau 3: Phng trnh: x 2 2x m = 0 co hai nghiem x1, x2 thoa man x1 < x 2 < 2 khi va ch khi
1
(A) 1 < m < 0
(B) 1 m < 0
(C) m > 0
(D) m >
4
(2x 1)(x + 3) < 0
Cau 4: He bat phng trnh : 2
co tap nghiem la:
x 4
1
1

1
(B) S = 2;
(C) S = 0;
(D) S = [ 2;2 ]
(A) S = 3;
2
2

2
x2
Cau 5: Tap nghiem cua bat phng trnh:
x + 1 la
x2
(A) S = ( ; 2 ) ( 2; + ) (B) S = ( ; 2] ( 2; + ) (C) ( ; 2 )
(D) S = ( 2; + )

20