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MSSV:
MSTT:
1014220
1014212
T3 17
BI TNG TRNH
PHNG PHP CHUN OXY HA KH
- Chun bng cch cho tng git dung dch KMnO4, lc u cho ti khi mu hng
bin mt ri mi cho tip. Chun cho ti khi xut hin mu hng nht bn vng trong
30s th dng chun , ghi li th tch KMnO4 tiu tn.
- Lp li th nghim trn 3 ln, thu c cc gi tr sau:
V1
V2
V3
Vtb
5,70mL
5,80mL
5,75mL
5,75mL
C N H 2C2O4 VH 2C2O4
0,95; N KMnO4
VKMnO4
0, 050000*10, 00
= 0, 0866551N
5, 76
0,95; N H 2C2O4
= CKMnO4
CM H C O
2 2 4
2
1,96* pipet 1,96 * buret
+
*
n
*
n
V pipet
V buret
Vy nng ca KMnO4 :
5/ Nhn xt:
chnh xc ca qu trnh chun :
1
0,95; N KMnO4
0,95; N KMnO4
= 1
0, 00087
= 99, 00%
0, 08666
- im cui ca phn ng l khi cho lng d KMnO4, xut hin mu hng nht, bn
trong khong 30s.
3/ Tin hnh.
- Chun b buret vi dung dch KMnO4
- Rt 10,00 mL dung dch H2O2 vo erlen 250mL cha sn 20mL nc ct v
5,00mL H2SO4 1:1.
- Chun vi KMnO4 va xc nh li nng lc ny cho ti khi dung dch chuyn
sang mu hng nht bn trong 30s, ghi li th tch KMnO4 tiu tn.
- Lp li th nghim trn 3 ln, ta thu c cc gi tr sau:
V1
V2
V3
Vtb
9,80mL
9,80mL
9,75mL
9,78mL
0,95; N H 2O2
C N KMnO4 VKMnO4
VH 2 O2
0,08666 * 9,80
= 0,0849268 N
10,00
0,95; N KMnO4
= CH 2O2
CKMnO
2
1, 96* pipet t 0,95;n 1 * S n;V KMnO 4
+
+
V * n
*
n
pipet
V
KMnO 4
Vy nng ca H2O2:
5/ Nhn xt:
chnh xc ca qu trnh chun :
1
0,95; N H 2O2
C N H 2O2
= 1
0, 0011
= 98, 70%
0, 0849
V1
V2
V3
Vtb
9,00mL
9,00mL
9,05mL
9,02mL
2+
V Fe = (10,00 0,02)mL
V K2Cr2O7 = 9,02 + 0,02 = 9,04 mL
4/ Biu din kt qu:
C N Fe2+ =
0,95; N Fe2+
CN Cr O 2 VCr O 2
2 7
2 7
V pipet
0, 0200000*9, 04
= 0, 018080 N
10, 00
0,95; N Cr O 2
2 7
= C N Fe2+ *
C N Cr O 2
2 7
0,95; N Cr O 2
2 7
= C N Fe2+ *
C N Cr O 2
2 7
0,95; N V
pipet
+
V pipet
1,96* pipet
+
V pipet * n
2
0,95; N Vburet
+
VCr2O7 2
t0,95 n 1 * sn;VCr O 2
2 7
+
V 2 * n
Cr2O7
2
Vy nng ca Fe2+:
C N Fe2+ = 0,01808 0,00015 N
5/ Nhn xt:
chnh xc ca qu trnh chun : 1
0,95; N Fe2+
CN Fe2+
= 1
0, 00015
= 99,17%
0, 01808
Na2S2O3 khng bn, d b phn hy bi CO2 trong khng kh theo phn ng:
H2CO3 +2Na2S2O3 2NaHCO3 + Na2SO3 + S
Lm thay i nng ca cht nn khi s dng cn chun li bit chnh xc nng
ca Na2S2O3.
y l php chun thay th, thay lng Cr2O72- bng lng I3- ri sau chun li
lng I3- bng Na2S2O3.
Phn ng thay th tng ng:
Phn ng chun :
2.
Ht 10mL K2Cr2O7 0,02N cho vo erlen 250mL, thm 15mL nc ct, 3mL H2SO4 c v
5mL KI 10%, lc nh, y kn trong 10 pht phn ng hon ton, lc ny dung dch c
mu vng nu. Sau chun bng Na2S2O3 cho ti khi dung dch c mu vng rm ri
mi thm tng git h tinh bt n khi c mu xanh chm r rt l do h tinh bt bt gi
I3- to mu c trng. Tin hnh chun n khi mu xanh chm trn bin mt, dung
dch lc ny trong sut v ch c mu lc nht ca Cr3+.
3.
V1
V2
V3
Vtb
11,80mL
11,85mL
11,80mL
11,82mL
C N S O 2 =
2 3
VS O 2
2 3
0,95; N S O 2
2 3
0, 0200000*10, 00
= 0, 016892 N
11,84
2
0,95; N Cr O 2
2 7
= C N S O 2 *
2 3
CN Cr O 2
2 7
0,95; N Cr O 2
2 7
= C N S O 2 *
2 3
C N Cr O 2
2 7
0,95; N V
pipet
+
V pipet
1,96* pipet
+
V pipet * n
0,95; N Vburet
+
Vburet
t0,95;n 1 * sn;V
buret
+
Vburet * n
2
Vy nng ca S2O32- :
5.
Nhn xt:
0,95; N S O 2
2
C N S O 2
2
= 1
0, 00011
= 99,35%
0, 01689
bay hi, cn tin hnh y kn cc erlen v tin hnh chun nhanh. Cho KI d va
phi cng lm gim sai s chun v I2 ha tan c trong KI, gi I2 li trong dung
dch di dng I3-. Ngoi ra, cn ch trong mi trng khng kh I- b oxi ha theo
phng trnh phn ng: 4I- + O2 + 4H+ 2I2 + 2H2O
+ Khi chun phi tin hnh chun t t, cho tng git dung dch chun Na2S2O3 t
chun do lm vi phc ca I2 v h tinh bt, v th phi tin hnh pha long dung
dch mang i chun bng nc ct.
+ Khng th chun trc tip Na2S2O3 bng K2Cr2O7 c v Na2S2O3 l cht c tnh
V. Xc nh nng Cu2+:
1. Mc ch, phng trnh phn ng:
Trong mi trng acid (pH 1-2) Cu2+ oxi ha I- to ra ta CuI v mt lng tng
ng I3-. Tin hnh chun lng I3- bng thiosunfat vi ch th h tinh bt.
Phn ng thay th:
I3- + 2S2O32- 3I- + S4O62-
Phn ng chun :
V2
V3
Vtb
10,20mL
10,20mL
10,15mL
10,17mL
4. Biu din kt qu
C N Cu 2+ =
0,95; N Cu 2+
C N S O 2 VS O 2
2 3
2 3
V pipet
0, 01689*10,19
= 0, 01721N
10, 00
0,95; N S O 2
2 3
= CN Cu 2+ *
C N S O 2
2 3
1,96* pipet
+
V pipet * n
t0,95;n 1 * sn;V
buret
+
Vburet * n
Vy nng ca Cu2+:
5.
2+
Nhn xt:
0,95; N Fe2+
CN Fe2+
= 1
0, 00017
= 99, 01%
0, 01721
tnh thc t ca sn phm. Xc nh bng phng php iod cho OCl- bng phn ng vi
lng d tc nhn kh I- sau chun lng tng ng I2 sinh ra bng Na2S2O3
bng ch th h tinh bt.
Phn ng thay th: ClO- + 2I- + 2H3O+ I2 + Cl- + 3H2O
Phn ng chun : I3- + 2S2O32- 3I- + S4O622. Tin trnh, hin tng, gii thch:
Ht 10mL dung dch ClO- cho vo erlen 250mL, cho thm 20mL nc ct v 5mL KI
10% lc ny dung dch c mu vng nu m ca I3-. Thm 2mL HCl 1:1, lc u to mi
trng acid cho phn ng. Tin hnh chun vi Na2S2O30,02N n khi dung dch c
mu vng nht. Ri sau cho ch th h tinh bt vo c mu xanh tm, tip tc chun
n khi mt mu xanh tm v dung dch trong erlen trong sut khng mu. Tin hnh th
nghim 3 ln ly kt qu trung bnh.
3. S liu thc nghim:
Na2S2O3 0,02368 0,00015 N
V1
V2
V3
Vtb
8,30mL
8,40mL
8,35mL
8,35mL
C N ClO =
0,95; N ClO
C N S O 2 VS O 2
2 3
2 3
V pipet
0, 01689*8,37
= 0, 01414 N
10, 00
0,95; N S O 2
2 3
= C N ClO *
C N S O 2
2 3
1,96* pipet
+
V pipet * n
2
t0,95;n 1 * sn;VS O 2
2 3
+
V 2 * n
S2O3
Vy nng ca Cu2+:
5.
Nhn xt:
Trc khi chun phi y kn ming erlen gim lng iod bay hi ra khi
h. V iod d bay hi, lm tht thot lng I2 c trong h nn chun b dung dch
xong l tin hnh chun ngay ch khng nn lu kt qu s b sai s nhiu gia
ln chun trc v ln chun sau. Khi tin hnh chun ch c lc nh erlen
gim lng I2 bay hi ra khi h, gim sai s ng tic.
Khng nn cho ch th h tinh bt vo lc u v h tinh bt s hp th mt phn
Mc ch th nghim:
- Phn ng chun :
3. Tin hnh:
V2
V3
Vtb
10,20mL
10,15mL
10,15mL
10,17mL
4.
= 10,17+0,02=10,19mL
C N S O 2 =
2 3
0,95; N S O 2
2 3
V Cr 2O7
V
C N Cr O 2
2 7
pipet
0,95; N Cr O 2
2 7
= C N S O 2
2 3
CN Cr O 2
2 7
0,95; N Cr O 2
2 7
= C N S O 2
2 3
C N Cr O 2
2 7
0,95; N V
pipet
+
V pipet
0,95; N Vburet
+
V buret
Vy nng ca Na2S2O3:
C N S O 2 = 0, 009814 0, 000073 N
2 3
5. Nhn xt
chnh xc ca qu trnh chun :
1
0,95; N S O 2
2 3
C N S O 2
=1
2 3
0, 000073
= 99, 26%
0, 009814
dch chuyn sang mu vng rm (iod trong dung dch gn ht) v khi cho h
tinh bt vo dung dch cha KI3 , ion I3- s chui vo cu trc xon ca phn t
h tinh bt lm cho cu trc ny c mu. S mt mu nhanh hay chm cn ty
thuc vo lng d Na2S2O3 v mc thm nhp ca I3- vo cu trc ca h
tinh bt, nu cho h tinh bt vo lc u, khi lng I3- cn rt nhiu th n s
xm nhp vo su cu trc h tinh bt cn dng mt lng d ln Na2S2O3
mi c th lm mt mu dung dch sai s tha kh ln.
I2 khng phn cc nn t tan trong nc vy nn vic cho KI vo to thnh phc
bay hi.
V1
V2
V3
7,65 mL
7,60mL
7,65mL
Vtb
7,63 mL
Vbdm + V * V1
8 1000
Vbdm
8 1000 = 6,112505mg / L
100, 0
500, 0
V 1 = 1,96* pipet
VMnCl2
2
2
pipet
0, 002
0, 002
+ 1,96*
= 0, 020
+ 1,96*
= 1,96*
VKI / NaOH
2, 00
2, 00
+
Vbm
V 3
V1
= 1,96
+
= 0, 0050
+
500, 0 16, 20 3 4, 00
0,05;mg O2
1, 96* V ongdong
+
Vongdong
2
A 2
+
A
7, 64* 3
0, 009814 100, 0
500, 0
= 0, 0072 g
Vy:
mg O2 / L = 6,1125 0,0072 g
5/Nhn xt:
chnh xc ca qu trnh chun :
1
0,95;mgO2 / L
mgO2 / L
= 1
0, 0072
= 99,88%
6,1125
V2
V3
Vtb
12,40mL
12,40mL
12,45mL
12,42mL
C N Cr O 2 =
2 7
C N Fe2+ VFe2+
V pipet
0, 0200000*12, 44
= 0, 024880 N
10, 00
0,95; N Cr O 2
2 7
2+
= CN Cr O 2 * 0,95; N Fe
2 7
C
N Fe2+
1,96* pipet
+
V pipet * n
2
t0,95;n 1 * sn;VCr O 2
2 7
+
V 2 * n
Cr2O7
Vy nng ca Fe2+:
5. Nhn xt:
chnh xc :
0,95; N K Cr O
2
2 7
C N K2Cr2O7
= 1
0, 00015
= 99, 40%
0, 02488
Trong iu kin th nghim gp phi sai lch gia 2 ln chun nhanh khi erlen
Tin hnh:
- Thm nc vo n vch mc ca bnh nh mc.
- Rt 10,00mL dung dch K2Cr2O7 cn xc nh nng cho vo erlen 250mL.
- Thm 5mL H2SO4 (1:1) + 3 git ch th ferroin.
- Chun vi dung dch Fe2+ 0,020000 0,000010 N cho ti khi mu thay i t xanh
chm sang nu bn trong 1 pht, ghi li th tch Fe2+ tiu tn.
V2
V3
Vtb
10,50mL
10,55mL
10,55mL
10,53mL
C N Cr O 2 =
C N Fe2+ VFe2+
V pipet
2 7
0,95; N Cr O 2
2 7
0, 0200000*10,55
= 0, 021100 N
10, 00
2+
= CN Cr O 2 * 0,95; N Fe
2 7
C
N Fe2+
2+
= C N Cr O 2 * 0,95; N Fe
2 7
C
N Fe2+
0,95; N Vpipet
+
V pipet
1,96* pipet
+
V pipet * n
2
t0,95;n 1 * sn;VCr O 2
2 7
+
V 2 * n
Cr2O7
2
0,95; N Vburet
+
VCr2O72
Vy nng ca Fe2+:
C N Fe2+ = 0,02110 0,00015 N
Nhn xt:
chnh xc :
1
0,95; N K Cr O
2
2 7
C N K2Cr2O7
= 1
0, 00015
= 99, 29%
0, 02110
Li dng nhit khi cho thm H2SO4 vo phn ng chun din ra nhanh v hon
ton hn, v th lm n u th chun b erlen n , chun ngay khng lu trnh
sai s.
Phn ng chuyn mu rt phc tp, khi chun phi chun tht chm vi tng git
dung dch Fe2+, tin hnh lc erlen tht mnh v u sao cho dung dch trong erlen xoay
xoy trn u. Khi thy dung dch chuyn sang mu xanh ti th ngng cho Fe3+ vo, ly
erlen ra v lc tht mnh dung dch s chuyn li sang mu xanh ti hn v lc ny
gn i n im cui . Phn ng ny rt d c sai s do thao tc chun , ch yu do lc
khng k v chun qu nhanh
Phng php ny l phng php bicromat, phng php ny c th dng K2Cr2O7
xc nh lng Fe3+ v dng Fe3+ xc nh li nng K2Cr2O7 u c. Phng
php ny c nhc im l bicromat phn ng chm vi nhiu cht kh nn dung dch
bicromat i khi khng th dng chun trc tip c m phi dng phng php
chun ngc, im i mu kh nhn bit nn phi dng cht ch th in cc.
bicromat c tnh oxi ha yu hn permanganat nn lng cht c th dng chun t
hn, nhng c u im l bicromat c th iu ch c nng chnh xc v bn, kh
b kh bi cc cht hu c trong nc v trong mi trng.
H v tn: Nguyn Th Th
MSSV:
1014212
Tin hnh:
- Thm nc vo n vch mc ca bnh nh mc.
- Rt 10,00mL dung dch K2Cr2O7 cn xc nh nng cho vo erlen 250mL.
- Thm 5mL H2SO4 (1:1) + 3 git ch th ferroin.
- Chun vi dung dch Fe2+ 0.020000 0.000010 N cho ti khi mu thay i t
xanh chm sang nu bn trong 1 pht, ghi li th tch Fe2+ tiu tn.
V2
V3
Vtb
10,75mL
10,75mL
10,80mL
10,77mL
0,95; N K2Cr2O7
C N Fe 2+ V
V pipet
2+
Fe = 0,0200000 * 10,79 = 0,0215800 N
10,00
2+
= CN K2Cr2O7 0,95; N Fe
C
N Fe2+
0,95; N V pipet
+
V pipet
0,95; N Vburet
+
V buret
2
2
0,95; N Fe 2+ 1,96* pipet t 0,95; n 1 * S n;V Cr 2O 72
= C N K 2Cr2O7
+
+
C
V pipet * n
n
2 *
2+
N Fe
V Cr 2O 7
Vy nng ca K2Cr2O7:
C N K 2 Cr 2 O7 = 0,02158 0,00015 N
Nhn xt:
chnh xc:
0,95; N K 2 Cr 2 O 7
C N K 2Cr 2O 7
= 1
0, 00015
= 99,30%
0, 02158
Li dng nhit khi cho thm H2SO4 vo phn ng chun din ra nhanh v
hon ton hn, v th lm n u th chun b erlen n , chun ngay khng lu
trnh sai s.
Phn ng chuyn mu rt phc tp, khi chun phi chun tht chm vi tng
git dung dch Fe2+, tin hnh lc erlen tht mnh v u sao cho dung dch trong erlen
xoay xoy trn u. Khi thy dung dch chuyn sang mu xanh ti th ngng cho Fe3+
vo, ly erlen ra v lc tht mnh dung dch s chuyn li sang mu xanh ti hn v
lc ny gn i n im cui . Phn ng ny rt d c sai s do thao tc chun ,
ch yu do lc khng k v chun qu nhanh
Phng php ny l phng php bicromat, phng php ny c th dng
K2Cr2O7 xc nh lng Fe3+ v dng Fe3+ xc nh li nng K2Cr2O7 u
c. Phng php ny c nhc im l bicromat phn ng chm vi nhiu cht kh
nn dung dch bicromat i khi khng th dng chun trc tip c m phi
dng phng php chun ngc, im i mu kh nhn bit nn phi dng cht
ch th in cc. bicromat c tnh oxi ha yu hn permanganat nn lng cht c th
dng chun t hn, nhng c u im l bicromat c th iu ch c nng
chnh xc v bn, kh b kh bi cc cht hu c trong nc v trong mi trng.