CU HNH VLANS V TRUNK + Vlan ID Range - Normal Range: Vlan ID t 1-1005, 1002-1005 dnh cho Token Ring v FDDI

VLans, ID 1, 1002-1005 c t ng to v khng th thay i. VTP ch hc t normal range Vlans - Extended Range Vlans: Vlan ID t 1006-4094. VTP khng hc extended range VLans. - Vlan ID range lu trong file cu hnh vlan.dat. + Types of Vlans - Data Vlans: c cu hnh mang lu lng ngi s dng, hay cn gi l User Vlan - Default Vlans: Khi khi ng switch, mc nh tt c cc switchport s c gn vo default Vlans. Default Vlan cho Cisco switches l Vlan 1, khng th thay i tn hay xa default vlan. Lu lng layer2 CDP v STP lun kt hp vi VLan 1. - Black hole Vlans: dung phn bit vi Vlan 1. Tt c cc switchport khng s dng c chia ti black hole Vlan bt k thit b no kt ni vi switchport khng s dng s c chia ti black hole Vlan. - Native VLan: untagged traffic c khi to t PC s c chuyn n switchport c cu hnh native vlan - Management Vlan: l Vlan c xc nh bi nh qun tr switch, dung qun l dung lng ca switch. Vlan 1 s c coi nh management Vlan nu nh khng xc nh Vlan no l management Vlan. Nu cu hnh management vlan mt a ch ip address v subnet mask, 1 switch c th c qun l qua HTTP, telnet, SSH hay SNMP. - Voice VLans: Vlan dng h tr Voice over IP (VoIP). + Cu hnh Voice Vlan: S(config)#interface type-interface S(config-if)#mls qos trust cos m bo voice traffic c u tin S(config-if)#switchport voice vlan 150 cu hnh vlan 150 nh voice vlan S(config-if)#switchport mode access S(config-if)#switchport access vlan 20 cu hnh vlan 20 nh l data vlan (access mode) S#show interface type-interface switchport + Cu hnh mt Vlan l Native Vlan trn giao din. Native Vlan gi v nhn untagged traffic S(config)#interface type-interface S#(config-if)#switchport trunk native vlan vlan-id + Switchport Membership Modes - static vlan (access mode): nh qun tr t cu hnh gn switchport vo vlan - dynamic vlan: Dynamic port Vlan c cu hnh ng s dng server c bit gi l Vlan membership Policy Server (VMPS). Vi VMPS, chng ta chia switchport cho vlan dynamically, da trn a ch MAC ngun ca thit b kt ni ti port. c im. khi thay i host kt ni vi port trn switch ny sang port trn switch khc, switch t ng chia port mi ti ng Vlan cho host da trn a ch MAC ngun. - voice vlan: Dng h tr Voice over IP (VoIP). cu hnh h tr voice trn port, ta cn cu hnh mt vlan cho voice (voice vlan) v mt vlan cho data (data vlan). Lnh cu hnh nh vd trn. + Trunking Modes: Trunk c kh nng truyn ti nhiu vlans trn cng mt kt ni, c hai loi trunk port IEEE 802.1Q v ISL. Ngy nay, c 802.1Q s dng ph bin:

- IEEE 802.1Q h tr c lu lng tagged and untagged traffic. 802.1Q c chia mt gi tr default PVID, c lin kt vi untagged traffic trn port. Tt c lu lng vi null Vlan ID thuc port default PVID. Gi tin thuc VLan ID tng ng default PVID c gi untagged. Tt c lu lng khc c gi vi Vlan tag. - ISL trunk port: Tt c gi tin nhn c ng gi vi tiu ISL header, v tt c gi tin truyn c gi vi tiu ISL header. Native (nontagged) frames nhn t ISL trunk port b hy. DTP (dynamic trunking protocol) l giao thc c quyn ca Cisco, khng h tr trn thit b ca nh sn xut khc. DTP t ng m bo trn switch khi ch trunk c cu hnh trn switchport. DTP h tr c ISL v 802.1Q. S#show dtp interface Dynamic Auto Dynamic Desirable Trunk Access Dynamic Auto Access Trunk Trunk Access Dynamic Desirable Trunk Trunk Trunk Access Trunk Trunk Trunk Trunk Not recommended Access Access Access Not recommended Access

CU HNH VLANS V TRUNK + C1: S dng ch Vlan configuration S(config)#vlan vlan-id S(config-vlan)#name vlan-name - Vlan-id t 1 - 4094. - Gi tr revision number s tng ln 1 khi vlan dc to hay thay i + C2: S dng ch Vlan database (t c s dng) S#vlan database S(vlan)#vlan vlan-id name vlan-name

- Nu ko t tn vlan th tn vlan s l mc nh. Tn vlan t 1 n 32 k t + Cu hnh giao din Static Vlan (ch access mode) v gn switchport vo vlan S(config)#interface interface-type S(config-if)#switchport mode access S(config-if)#switchport access vlan vlan-id + G, thay i Switchport khi Vlan: sau Switchport s c gn mc nh cho Vlan 1. S(config)#interface interface-type S(config-if)#no switchport access vlan Show vlan brief v show interface interface-type switchport thy thay i + Cu hnh Trunk S(config)#interface interface-type S(config-if)#switchport mode trunk cu hnh trunk trn kt ni + Cu hnh 802.1Q Trunk v Native Vlan S(config)#interface interface-type S(config-if)#switchport mode trunk cu hnh trunk trn kt ni S(config-if)#switchport trunk allowed vlan add vlan-list cho php vlan c php trn trunk S(config-if)#switchport trunk native vlan vlan-id ch nh vlan no l Native vlan hot ng trn trunk Show interface interface-type switchport xc nhn Trunk + Thay i Trunk thnh access mode S(config-if)#no switchport trunk allowed vlan S(config-if)#no switchport trunk native vlan S(config-if)#switchport mode access Show interface interface-type switchport thy thay i + Lnh thng dng g ri Trunk S#show interface interface-type switchport S#show interface trunk + Qun l Vlan - Lnh Show vlan S#show vlan brief S#show vlan id vlan-id S#show vlan name vlan-name S#show vlan summary - Lnh Show interface switchport S#show interface vlan vlan-id S#show interface interface-type switchport + Xa 1 Vlan - Xa t ch cu hnh configuration S(config)#no vlan vlan-id - Xa t ch cu hnh database S(vlan)#no vlan vlan-id Show vlan brief thy thay i

Ch : - Khi xa Vlan ca Switch hot ng ch VTP server, th Vlan cng c xa khi tt c cc Switch VTP domain - Khi xa Vlan ca Switch hot ng ch VTP transparent, th Vlan ch b xa duy nht khi switch . - Khng th xa Vlan mc nh trong cc mi trng mng khc nhau. Ethernet l Vlan1, Token ring v FDDI l t 1002 - 1005. - Khi xa Vlan th Switchport ca Vlan tr v trng thi ko hot ng. + Xa ton b file cu hnh Vlan.dat khi Flash. S#delete flash:vlan.dat