LI NI U

1. L do chn ti Hin nay khi m tnh hnh Kinh t - Ti chnh th gii ang c nhiu bin ng theo chiu hng xu, nn kinh t cc Quc gia trn th gii ang tri qua nhng thi k kh khn do lm pht tng cao, bin ng t gi, cc cuc v v khng hong n cng ca cc nc s dng ng tin chung Chu u nh Hy Lp, B o Nha, Ty Ban Nha....Cc cuc xung t v trang ti cc nc Chu phi nh Libya, Ai cp v cc nc thuc khi Rp, ri n cc hin tng thin tai nh ng t, sng thn, l lt xy ra lin tip Nht Bn, Indonesia, Th Nh K, Thi Lan.... ko theo th trng Chng khon, Bt ng sn, th trng Tin t, Vng v th trng hng ha bin ng tht thng gy nh hng rt ln n nn kinh t ca cc quc gia ang pht trin trong c Vit Nam. Nn kinh t Vit Nam tri qua thi k kh khn c th ng vng v phc hi sau tc ng ca khng hong kinh t ton cu. Vic thc hin trit cc gii php ch yu nhm mc tiu kim ch lm pht, n nh kinh t v m v bo m an sinh x hi theo Ngh quyt 11 ca chnh ph to c nhng kt qu tch cc trn nhiu lnh vc ca kinh t Vit Nam. in hnh nht l trong lnh vc xut khu nng sn - vn c xem l mt trong nhng ngnh mi nhn trong chin lc pht trin kinh t x hi ca Vit Nam thi k hi nhp kinh t quc t. Trong cc mt hng xut khu nng sn ca Vit Nam, c ph l loi nng sn xut khu quan trng c gi tr ln th hai sau go. Ngnh c ph Vit Nam ch yu hng ti xut khu, vi lng xut khu chim 95% sn lng sn

xut, chim 13,5% tng sn lng ton cu v chim 18% th phn giao dch c ph nhn trn ton th gii. Vi din tch c ph khong 540.000 hcta cho sn lng trung bnh hng nm t 1,1 1,2 triu tn, c ph ng gp 2% vo GDP c nc v to cng n vic lm cho trn 1 triu ngi. Thnh qu trn c c chnh t tin trnh y mnh Cng nghip ha - Hin i ha t nc to iu kin cho doanh Nghip Vit Nam tn dng mi c hi tng cng xut khu v mt trong nhng yu t quan trng quyt nh thnh cng ca tin trnh xut khu l quy trnh k kt thc hin hp ng. Qua thi gian lm vic trong lnh vc c ph v qu trnh tip thu cc kin thc v hp ng thng mi quc t c ging dy bi cc ging vin trng i hc Lut TP HCM. Ti quyt nh chn ti "Thc tin k kt v thc hin hp ng mua bn c ph nhn gia cng ty Nc Ngoi v doanh nghip Vit Nam" cho bi tiu lun tt nghip vi mc ch nu ln nhng tri nghim thc t c kt c trong sut qu trnh lm vic v hc hi khng ngng v giao dch mua bn c ph. 2. i tng v phm vi nghin cu.

i tng: Hp ng mua bn c ph nhn Phm vi nghin cu: Qu trnh thc hin hp ng gia cng ty nc ngoi v doanh nghip Vit Nam trong giai on hin nay. Gii hn trong phm vi giao hng theo iu kin FOB v ch yu l giao dch gia doanh nghip Vit Nam vi cc cng ty kinh doanh nc ngoi (Trading House). 3. Kt cu lun vn Tn ti: "Thc tin k kt v thc hin hp ng mua bn c ph nhn gia cng ty Nc Ngoi v doanh nghip Vit Nam"

B cc lun vn: Ngoi phn m u v kt lun, lun vn gm c 3 chng: Chng 1: Qu trnh m phn, k kt hp ng mua bn c ph nhn gia cng ty Nc Ngoi v doanh nghip Vit Nam Chng 2: T chc thc hin hp ng mua bn c ph nhn gia cng ty Nc Ngoi v doanh nghip Vit Nam Chng 3: Nhng vn pht sinh - Tranh chp sau khi thc hin hp ng

Mt s hnh nh v c ph Vit Nam

CHNG I: QU TRNH M PHN, K KT HP NG MUA BN C PH NHN GIA CNG TY NC NGOI V DOANH NGHIP VIT NAM
I. 1. Gii thiu tng quan v c ph nhn ca Vit nam Tnh hnh xut khu c ph nhn Vit nam nm 2010-2011 Theo s liu thng k mi nht ca B Nng nghip M, Vit Nam tip tc ng th hai v sn lng c ph trong nin v 2010-2011, sau Brazil, Colombia th 3 v Indonesia v tr th 4. B Nng nghip M va cng b th hng ca cc nh sn xut c ph th gii nin v 2010/11 (thng 10/2010 thng 9/2011) vi sn lng nh sau: Bng sn lng c ph xut khu ca cc nc nm 2010-2011
Sn lng (nghn bao) Th trng Tng (Arabica v Robusta) Arabica Robusta

Brazil Vit Nam Colombia Indonesia n Ethiopia Honduras Peru Guatemala Mexico Nicaragua El Salvador Costa Rica B Bin Ng

54.500 18.725 9.500 9.325 5.100 4.400 4.000 4.000 3.910 3.700 2.000 1.700 1.575 2.100

41.800 575 9.500 1.375 1.100 4.400 4.000 4.000 3.900 3.500 2.000 1.700 1.575 *

12.700 18.150 * 7.950 3.600 * * * * * * * * 2.100

Uganda Malaysia Thi Lan Cameroon Togo

1.900 1.000 900 525 525

* * * * *

1.900 1.000 900 525 525

B nng nghip cng bo co v tng sn lng c ph ca Vit Nam v 2010/11 va qua t 1,125.768 tn, tng ng 18,762.800 bao, tng 5.6% so vi v trc. Xut khu c ph ca Vit nam trong nin v 2010-2011 chim khong 14% sn lng c ph ton cu. C ph Vit Nam c xut khu i khong hn 90 nc trn th gii. C ph xut khu nm 2010-2011 chim ti 91% sn lng ca ton ngnh. Bng thng k s lng c ph xut khu ca Vit nam nin v 2010-2011 Khi lng XK Tn (MTS) 66,819.00 76,737.00 92,915.06 130,624.12 83,944.00 139,177.00 145,423.00 103,629.12 78,373.00 78,113.00 77,278.60 52,735.10 1,125,768.00

Thi im Thng 10 Thng 11 Thng 12 Thng 1 Thng 2 Thng 3 Thng 4 Thng 5 Thng 6 Thng 7 Thng 8 Thng 9 Tng 2010-2011

D bo, trong nhng thng cui nm 2011 gi xut khu c ph ca Vit nam tip tc duy tr n nh, dao ng trong khong 2.300 2.420 USD/tn. Trong c nm 2011, xut khu c ph d kin s t khong 1,2 triu tn, vi kim ngch thu v 2,4 2,5 t USD 2. Cc loi c ph nhn xut khu C ph l tn mt chi thc vt thuc h Thin tho (Rubiaceae). H ny bao gm khong 500 chi khc nhau vi trn 6.000 loi cy nhit i. Chi c ph bao gm nhiu loi cy lu nm khc nhau. Tuy nhin, khng phi loi no cng cha caffein trong ht, mt s loi khc xa vi nhng cy c ph ta thng thy. Ch c hai loi c ph c ngha kinh t. Loi th nht c tn thng thng trong ting Vit l c ph ch (tn khoa hc: Coffea arabica), i din cho khong 61% cc sn phm c ph trn th gii. Loi th hai l c ph vi (tn khoa hc: Coffea canephora hay Coffea robusta), chim gn 39% cc sn phm c ph. Ngoi ra cn c Coffea liberica v Coffea excelsa ( Vit Nam gi l c ph mt) vi sn lng khng ng k. Vit Nam l nc xut khu c ph ln th hai trn th gii. Hin nay Vit Nam xut khu ch yu 2 loi c ph nhn l Robusta v Arabica 2.1. C ph Robusta : (hay cn gi l c ph Vi, c ph R ) 2.1.1. Khi qut v c ph Robusta C ph Robusta c tn khoa hc: Coffea canephora hoc Coffea robusta C ph Robusta hay cn gi l c ph vi thuc loi thc vt Coffea Canephora Pierre ex A. Froehner. y l ging c ph thch nghi tt vi kh hu v th nhng trn vng t bazan Ty Nguyn tr ph vi cao trn

500m so vi mt nc bin. L loi c ph ph bin nht Vit Nam chim hn 90% sn lng hng nm. Ging c ph Robusta c trng ch yu c xut x t Ethiopia, c a v trng rp nn thng gi l ging c ph Mkka. (Mk-ka l tn mt thnh ph cng sm ut ca th gii rp giao thng vi bn ngoi trc khi c knh o Suez). Vit Nam ly ging li t qun o Java ca Indonesia. Cy c ph Robusta c dng cy g hoc cy bi, chiu cao ca cy trng thnh c th ln ti 10 m. D trng v chm sc, c sc khng su bnh cao. C ph Robusta a sng vng nhit i, cao thch hp trng cy l di 1000 m. Nhit a thch ca cy khong 24-29C, lng ma khong trn 1000 mm. Cy c ph Robusta cn nhiu nh sng mt tri. Thng thng, loi c ph ny s cho thu hoch sau 2-3 nm. Cy cho ht trong khong t 20 n 30 nm. Qu c ph c hnh trn, ht c ph hnh bn cu trn v thng l 2 ht trong 1 tri. C ph Robusta c mi v ng gt, nc c mu nu snh, khng chua. C ph Robusta thng c dng cho nhng loi c ph c gi tng i v t l cafeine i hi cao, Hm lng caffein trong ht c ph Robusta khong 2-4%. Hm lng cafein ny to nn mt loi c ph Robusta c sc ph hp vi khu v ca ngi dn Vit Nam nhng qu m c vi ngi nc ngoi. C ph Robusta cha hm lng caffein cao hn v c hng v khng tinh khit bng c ph Arabica, do vy m c nh gi thp hn. Gi mt bao c ph Robusta thng ch bng mt na so vi c ph Arabica Khong 39% cc sn phm c ph c sn xut t loi c ph Robusta. Nc xut khu c ph Robusta ln nht th gii l Vit Nam. Cc nc xut

khu quan trng khc gm Cte dIvoire, Uganda, Brasil, n . Hin nay gn 90% din tch c ph Vit Nam c trng c ph Robusta. 2.1.2. Cc loi c ph Robusta xut khu C ph Robusta c xut khu ch yu l cc loi c ph theo tiu chun. Ngoi ra, do c s u t cc thit b my mc hin i v p dng cng ngh mi vo ch bin sn phm nn cc nhm hng cht lng cao, hng c cp chng ch v hng theo tiu chun ca Nestle cng c cc doanh nghip cho bn ra th trng th gii. Bng m t cht lng c ph Robusta xut khu

2.2.

C ph Arabica ( hay cn gi l C ph ch )

2.2.1. Khi qut v c ph Arabica C ph Arabica c tn khoa hc: Coffea arabica (y l loi thuc h C ph (Rubiaceae), chi C ph (Coffea), Tn ting Anh: Arabica coffee. Tn ting Vit: C ph ch (do loi c ph ny c l nh, cy thng ta thp ging cy ch, mt loi cy cng nghip ph bin Vit Nam). C ph Arabica c ngun gc cao nguyn Jimma ty nam Etiopia v cao nguyn Boma ng nam Sudan. Tuy nhin, n c trng trt u tin bi ngi rp th k 14 v c gii thiu rng ri trn th gii th k 17. C ph Arabica c m t u tin bi nh sinh vt hc Linnaeus (Thy in) vo nm 1753. C ph Arabica c trng nhng vng t cao, cn nhit i: khp chu M Latin, Trung v ng Phi, n , v vi vng Indonesia Cy c ph Arabica a sng vng ni cao. Ngi ta thng trng n cao t 1000-1500 m, nhit t 16-25C, lng ma khong trn 1000 mm. Cy c ph Arabica trng thnh c dng bi cy ln, tn ln, cnh thon di. L mc i xng, cung ngn 0.4 1.2 cm. L c hnh oval, nhn hai u, ra l qun, mm v r xung. Chiu di ca l khong 7 20 cm, rng 4 6 cm. Mt l nhn, mt trn l c mu xanh thm, mt di xanh nht hn Qu hnh bu dc, mi qu cha hai ht c ph. C ph ch sau khi trng khong 4 n 5 nm th bt u thu hoch. C ph Arabica l loi c gi tr kinh t nht trong s cc loi cy c ph. N chim 61% cc sn phm c ph ton th gii. Trn th trng, c ph Arabica c nh gi cao hn c ph Robusta v c hng v thm ngon v cha t hm lng caffein hn. Hm lng caffein trong ht c ph Arabica ch khong 1-2%.

C ph Arabica lun c gi cao gp 2 ln c ph Robusta. Mt bao c ph ch (60 kg) thng c gi cao gp 2 ln mt bao c ph vi. Ngoi ra, c ph Arabica c ch bin theo phng php t mt phng php i hi u t ln v trang thit b v to sn phm chn lc c cht lng cao. C ph Arabica cn c gi l Brazilian Milds nu n n t Brasil, gi l Colombian Milds nu n t Colombia, v gi l Other Milds nu n t cc nc khc. Brasil v Colombia l hai nc xut khu chnh loi c ph Arabica, cht lng c ph ca h c nh gi cao nht. Cc nc xut khu khc gm c Ethiopia, Mexico, Guatemala, Honduras, Peru, n ,Vit nam Hin nay gn 10% din tch c ph Vit Nam trng c ph Arabica, ch yu l Qung Tr, Ngh An, Sn La, v mt t vng ca Lm ng. L do kh pht trin c ph Arabica do cao Vit Nam khng ph hp, nhng vng chuyn canh c ph Vit Nam nh Bun Ma Thut k Lk, Bo Lc Lm ng... u ch c cao t 500-1000m so vi mc nc bin, loi cy ny li nhiu su bnh hi nn khng kinh t bng trng c ph Robusta nu trng Vit Nam. 2.2.2. Cc loi c ph Arabica xut khu Vit nam ch yu xut khu c ph Arabica theo 4 cht lng sau; C ph Arabica loi 2, sng 13 C ph Arabica loi 1, sng 14 C ph Arabica loi 1, sng 16 C ph Arabica loi 1, sng 18

10

Bng m t cht lng c ph Arabica xut khu

TP CHT (ti a) FOREIGN MATTERS ( max) 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% KCH C HT (ti thiu % trn sng) BEAN SIZE ( max. % on screen) 90.0% 95.0% 90.0% 90.0%

LOI GRAD E G. 2 G. 1 G. 1 G. 1

C SNG SCREEN 13 14 16 18

M ( ti a) MOISTURE ( max) 12.5% 12.5% 12.5% 12.5%

HT EN (ti a) BLACK BEANS (max) 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%

HT V (ti a) BROKEN BEANS (max) 3.0% 1.5% 2.0% 1.5%

C MT ( ti a) EXCELS A (max) 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%

II.

Qu trnh cho hng, m phn, k kt hp ng mua bn c ph nhn gia Cng ty Nc Ngoi v Doanh nghip Vit nam 1. Kho st, nghin cu, nm bt th trng , nh gi, la chn i tc v

a ra yu cu cho hng 1.1. Kho st, nghin cu, nm bt th trng Cc cng ty nc ngoi v Doanh nghip Vit nam cn nm bt cc thng tin v tnh hnh sn xut, thu hoch, ch bin c ph trong nc cng nh nhng bin ng v gi c ph ni a v trn th gii. Ngoi ra doanh nghip kho st, tm hiu v cc th trng tiu th c ph, nm r c ch hot ng tng th trng cng nh cc tp qun thng mi hoc nn kinh t, chnh tr ca cc nc nhp khu - xut khu Cc th trng xut khu c ph ln trn th gii l Brazil, Vit Nam, Colombia, Indonesia, n , Ethiopia, Honduras, Peru, Guatemala, Mexico...

11

Cc th trng nhp khu chnh ca Vit Nam l cc nc EU (c, B, , Ty Ban Nha, Thu S, Anh), M v Chu (Nht Bn, Trung Quc, Indonesia), chim ln lt 59%, 18% v 12% tng lng xut khu. Cc nc trong khu vc nh Trung Quc cng l khch hng tiu th ln c ph Vit Nam. n v Indonesia l hai nc sn xut c ph ln Chu nhng hng nm vn nhp khu c ph Vit Nam. Ring th trng Nga - mt th trng c trin vng tiu th mnh v Vit Nam c quan h hp tc lu di nhng xut khu c ph Vit Nam sang th trng ny cha ng k. Doanh nghip phi nm r cc thng tin v giao dch c ph trn cc th trng giao dch hng ha ln ca th gii nh : CBOT, CME, NYBOT, LIFFE, TOCOM...Bi v, hng ha giao dch qua sn l tiu ch ca nn thng mi hin i v sn giao dch l hnh thc nh cao ca phng thc thng mi vi th ch th trng hon ho. Hin ti, c ph xut khu ca Vit Nam c nh gi thng qua hai sn giao dch LIFFE London v NYBOT New York. Sn giao dch ti chnh k hn v quyn chn quc t London gi tt l

LIFFE (London International Financial Futures and Options Exchange) y l sn giao dch cho cc mt hng c ph Robusta. LIFFE l mng giao dch phi sinh ca EURONEXT. Ngoi n v thnh vin LIFFE ti London, EURONEXT cn c cc sn giao dch ti Amsterdam, Lisbon, Paris v Brussels Khi lng giao dch trung bnh ca c ph trn sn LIFFE khong 12-13 ngn lot/ ngy (tng ng 120 ngn tn). Lng hp ng m giao dch t mc 140-180 ngn lot (tng ng 700 ngn tn c ph). D tr trung bnh ca LIFFE vo khong 400 ngn lot (tng ng 200 ngn tn c ph).

12

C ph Robusta ly gi giao dch trn sn LIFFE ti LONDON lm gi tham chiu chun, n v USD/tn. Lng chun ca mi hp ng c ph Robusta hin nay l 10 tn/l (trc kia 5 tn/l). Nu hng t cht lng thng hng, gi chun ca loi ny c tnh cng 30 la/tn. Loi 1, hng bng gi. Loi 2 c tnh mc tr 30 la/tn. C cch 30 la/tn, Liffe cn chp nhn cc loi thp cho n tr 120 la/tn tnh theo gi chun ca TTKH ny trong thi gian giao dch. Gi bn c tnh theo n v USD/tn. gii hn bin ng ti thiu l 1 USD/tn tng ng 5USD/lot. Khng c gii hn bin ng gi ti a. Th trng LIFFE giao dch vo cc thng l trong nm: 1,3,5,7,9,11 v thi gian giao dch cui cng l 12h30 ca ngy giao dch cui cng ca thng giao hng. Vit Nam l nc c lng hng Robusta cung cp cho Liffe ln nht th gii. Sn giao dch hng ha New York gi tt l NYBOT (New York Board

of Trade ) Sn giao dch hng ha New York l sn giao dch hng ha tng lai ln nht th gii, nm trong thnh ph New York chuyn giao dch cc hp ng futures v options v ng, bng, c ph, ca cao, cam, li sut, tin t, v cc ch s. Sn giao dch chng khon New York c ngun gc t nm 1870 vi tn gi Sn giao dch bng New York (NYCE). Vo nm 1998, Sn giao dch hng ha New York tr thnh cng ty m ca c Sn giao dch bng New York v Sn giao dch c ph, ng, ca cao (CSCE) (thnh lp nm 1882), v ngy nay cc sn giao dch ny lm chc nng b phn cho NYBOT.

13

Sn NYBOT c gim st bi y Ban Giao Dch Hng Ha Tng Lai (Commodity Futures Trading Commission), mt c quan c lp ca Chnh ph Hoa K. Vo thng 2 nm 2003, New York Board of Trade (NYBOT) k vo bn hp ng thu ti sn vi NYMEX chuyn ti tr s khu Trung tm ti chnh sau khi tr s ban u ca NYBOT b ph hy trong v khng b 11/9/2001. Sn giao dch hng ha New York l ni din ra cc giao dch c gi tr hng t la v hng ha nng lng v kim loi, v nhng loi hng ha khc c mua v bn trn sn hoc thng qua h thng my tnh giao dch in t. Gi c c nim yt cho cc giao dch trn Sn l c s tnh ton gi c trn khp th gii. NYBOT l mt trong s rt t sn trn th gii cn duy tr h thng Open Outcry, ngi giao dch c dng li ni v du hiu bng tay trn sn giao dch. Mi cng ty hot ng trn sn giao dch phi c ngi mi gii ring ca mnh, v vy c rt t nhn vin trn sn lm i in cho nhng tp on ln v cc nhn vin ch ghi li cc giao dch, khng lin quan n hot ng mua bn. C ph Arabica ly gi giao dch trn sn NYBOT ti New York lm gi tham chiu chun, Khi lng giao dch ca c ph ti NYBOT khong 14 ngn lot/ngy, C hai loi hp ng tng lai c giao dch l C v mini C. Hp ng C l hp ng chun, hp ng mini C c khi lng bng 1/3 hp ng C

14

Th trng NYBOT giao dch vo cc thng : 3,5,7,9,12 i vi hp ng C v giao dch vo cc thng 4,6,8,11 i vi hp ng mini C. Thi gian giao dch cui cng l 1 ngy trc ngy thng bo cui Gi bn c tnh theo n v US cent/lb (lb=0.454kg). Gii hn gi ti thiu l 0,05 cent/lb tng ng hp ng C l8,75 USD/hp ng, hp ng mini C l 6,25 USD/hp ng. Khng c gii hn gi ti a 1.2. nh gi, la chn i tc v a ra yu cu cho hng Sau khi nghin cu k cc thng tin trn, cc doanh nghip Vit nam tin hnh lp phng n kinh doanh, nh gi cc sn phm mun cho bn v lc chn cc i tc kinh doanh trong h thng danh sch khch hng thng xuyn v thn thit ca doanh nghip ngh giao kt hp ng (t chuyn dng trong giao dch l cho hng). Trong giao dch mua bn c ph, vn ti chnh, uy tn, s hp tc v thin ch ca cc bn l tiu ch quan trng quyt nh cho vic thc hin giao dch. Phn ln cc doanh nghip ch cho hng vi cc i tc l nhng cng ty ln, c vn phng i din ti Vit Nam v c thm nin trong giao dch (khch hng truyn thng) nh LOUIS, ECOM, ARMAJARO, NEUMANN GRUPPE, OLAM, NEDSCOFFEE, ORIENTAL COFFEE, MARUBENI, MERCON, NOBLE, SUCAFINA Hnh thc ca cho hng ch yu l qua in thoi, email v cho hng ch gi n cho mt i tc xc nh. Trong trng hp bn mua tr li khng chp nhn cho hng m bn bn a ra th bn bn mi tin hnh tip vic cho hng vi bn mua khc. Cc vn phng i din ca bn mua ti Vit nam khi nhn c cho hng t bn bn, s thng bo cho hng ny v cho ngi ph trch mua bn ca cng ty. Khi nhn c thng bo ng mua hng t Cng ty nc ngoi, vn phng i din ti

15

Vit nam s in thoi xc nhn vi bn bn vic chp nhn giao kt ton b ni dung hp ng mua bn. Trong trng hp loi hng, s lng hng v gi bn ca hai bn cha thng nht, hai bn s in thoi m phn cho n khi t c s tha thun chung. i vi nhng Cng ty nc ngoi hoc doanh nghip cha c mi quan h hp tc kinh doanh, vic cho hng phi tri qua quy trnh ko di thi gian ca hai bn nh in thoi hoc gi th in t: th hi gi, th hon gi, th cho hng, th chp nhn cho hng...y cng l c hi cc bn pht trin ngnh ngh kinh doanh v m rng th trng tiu th. Thc t vic cho hng ny c t l thnh cng rt thp. Giao dch nu c xc lp cng c s lng c ph mua bn rt nh do cc bn bc u ang tm hiu nhau v cha to lp uy tn trn thng trng. Do mua bn c ph ch yu vn l gia cc khch hng hp tc lu di, thn thit vi nhau. 2. Son tho v m phn ni dung hp ng Sau khi chp nhn cho hng ca bn bn, Vn phng i din ca bn mua s tin hnh son tho hp ng. i vi lnh vc mua bn c ph, mt s cng ty nc ngoi s y quyn cho Trng vn phng i din ti Vit nam thc hin vic k kt hp ng v thanh ton vi cc doanh nghip Vit nam. Vic y quyn ny to thun li cho quan h mua bn trong thi im cnh tranh, cng nh gii quyt c tr ngi khi giao dch nh s chnh lch v thi gian, ngn ng giao tip ca cc nc... Ni dung ca hp ng mua bn c ph l cc iu khon do cc bn tha thun, th hin quyn v ngha v ca cc bn trong quan h hp ng. Thc t,

16

hp ng mua bn c ph thng do bn mua lm theo phom mu chun t h thng vi ngn ng s dng l ting Anh v c cc ni dung c bn sau: 2.1. Ni dung c bn ca hp ng S hp ng, ngy k hp ng Tn v a ch ca bn mua, bn bn iu khon tn hng:

Vietnam robusta grade 1, Nestle quality type 7.1, Wet polished utz certificate... hng Mt s loi hng cht lng cao s c quy nh ring v ht en v ht v: Ht en ti a 0.1%; ht v ti a 0.5% i vi cc loi hng Robusta theo tiu chun v cht lng cao. Ht en ti a 0.0%; ht v ti a 1.5%; 2.0%; 3.0% i vi cc loi hng Arabica. Quy nh v c ph mt: 0.5%; 1.0% i vi tng loi c ph Robusta v Tiu chun cht lng: Quy nh v loi hng: loi 1 hoc loi 2, Quy nh v m ti a: 12%; 12.5%;13% i vi tng loi hng Quy nh v tp cht i a: 0.1%; 0.5%; 1.0% i vi tng loi hng Quy nh v ht en v ht v ti a: 2.0%; 3.0%; 5.0% i vi tng loi

0.0% i vi cc loi c ph Arabica.

17

Quy nh v kch c ht trn sng: ti thiu 90.0% hoc 95.0% trn sng

i vi cc loi c ph Robusta v Arabica C ph khng b mc v ln men. ng gi v cn hng: C ph c ng vo bao hoc thi vo container. C ph phi c ng trong bao ay mi t tiu chun an ton thc phm Trng lng tnh: 60.0 kg/bao Trng lng b: 0.7kg/bao Trng lng thanh ton l trng lng tnh (khng bao gm 0.5% hao

ht cho php cng n) S lng: n v tnh l tn, c +/-1% dung sai Gi c: C th ni gi c l iu khon quan trng nht ca hp ng ngoi thng mi iu khon khc c th d dng nhng b hoc b thuyt phc nhng vi iu khon ny hu ht cc bn i tc u khng mun nhng b. Chnh v vy khi thng tho hp ng cc bn thng rt thn trng i vi iu khon ny. Thng thng cc bn phi thng nht nhng ni dung sau y. Quy nh ng tin tnh gi: Phng php xc nh gi: C 2 hnh thc gi

18

Gi c n nh, thut ng ting Anh gi l outright Hai bn mua v bn s tha thun mt gi c nh khi k kt hp ng vi

nhau ti thi im hin ti v thi gian giao hng c nh. i vi hnh thc ny hai bn s khng quan tm n gi ti thi im giao hng cao hn hay thp hn gi c nh (gi ln hoc xung) Gi m hay cn gi l gi cng/tr li da trn th trng k hn, thut

ng ting Anh gi l differential price hay price to be fixed L gi cha c quyt nh trong lc m phn v k kt hp ng Phng thc kinh doanh cht gi sau (Price-to-be-fixed PTBF) l hnh thc cho php ngi mua hoc ngi bn cht gi ti thi im no trong tng lai, trc hoc sau khi thc hin giao, nhn hng. Ngi mua v ngi bn s tha thun v s lng, chng loi, thng giao hng (delivery month). Ring i vi iu khon gi th hai bn mua v bn s tha thun mt mc gi cng thm (plus)/ gi tr li (minus) so vi gi k hn (futures price) da trn thng k hn nht nh Gi c da trn iu khon a hng ln tu (FOB) hoc a hng vo

kho ca bn mua, theo la chn ca bn mua.Tt c thu v chi ph trong nc s do ngi bn chu Trng hp gi da trn iu khon CIF: Cc vn chuyn v bo him

hng ha s do bn bn chu. Thi hn giao hng:

19

S do bn mua v bn bn tha thun mt thi im c th. Ngy giao

hng vo kho hoc a hng ln tu s do bn mua ch nh. Bn mua phi gi hng dn giao hng cho bn bn chm nht 10 ngy trc ngy tu chy. Trong trng hp bn bn mun giao hng sm hn, hoc bn mua mun

nhn hng sm hn, phi c bn kia chp nhn. Quy nh c th v cng ln hng C ph c ln tu ti cng Thnh ph H Ch Minh, hoc cng Hi Phng theo tha thun ca cc bn. Thc hin thanh ton: Thanh ton bng tin mt da trn chng t gc (CAD), Thanh ton theo hnh thc tn dng th (m LC) i vi hp ng cha cht gi, nu hng ln tu hoc nhp kho ca bn

mua. Bn bn s c thanh ton ti a 70% gi tr hp ng. Kim nh hng ha: Ch nh c th c quan gim nh cht lng v trng lng l hng. Cc

c quan gim nh c ph ti Vit nam nh Cafecontrol, VFC, FCC... Hng ha phi c cn 100% trc khi ng hng vo container, ph s do

bn bn chu Bn mua phi c thng bo v lch kim hng v c quyn tham gia

vo vic kim hng ny Hai bn c th yu cu mt t chc gim nh th hai gim nh hng ha

khi xy ra tranh chp, ph s do bn yu cu chu

20

mua. -

Mt k lo gam hng mu i din cho mi container s oc gi v cho bn

Quy trnh kim hng v ng hng s theo quy trnh chun ca bn mua

(quy trnh ca Nestle, Taloca, Strauss, Neumann... bao gm cc quy trnh kim hng ti kho bn bn, nhng yu cu v iu kin container ng hng vo container) Nhng tiu chun c p dng cho vic kim hng: ISO6673/1983(TCVN

6928 : 2001 Tiu chun v C ph nhn. Xc nh s hao ht khi lng 105oC). ISO 3310-2/1990 (Tiu chun v b sng th nghim Yu cu k thut v phng php th) iu khon pht trong vic vi phm hp ng 10% gi tr ca hp ng s dc bi thng cho bn mua hoc bn bn

trong trng hp hp ng ny khng thc hin, hoc ch thc hin mt phn Trong trng hp mc thit hi cho bn b hy hp ng cao hn mc

10%, bn hy hp ng s phi bi thng cho mc thit hi trn thc t Trng hp bn hy hp ng khng bi thng thit hi trong khong thi

gian c tha thun, bn b hy hp ng c quyn khi kin ti ta n gii quyt tranh chp. iu khon khc: Cc iu khon trong hp ng c thnh lp da trn cc iu khon ca

hp ng c ph Chu u 2007 (European Contract for Coffee - E.C.C.2007) Trng ti thng mi c thm quyn gii quyt tranh chp.

21

2.2. m phn ni dung ca hp ng Thc t hp ng c son tho theo s tha thun ca cc bn, do vy cc ni dung trn khng cn phi m phn, vic m phn ch xy ra trong qu trnh khi thc hin hp ng. Nu bn bn v nhng tr ngi khch quan cn gia hn thi gian giao hng, hoc bn mua mun nhn hng sm hn thi gian tha thun trong hp ng. Hoc c s thay i v thng cht gi bn c ph th cc bn s tha thun li vi nhau thay i li mt s ni dung ca hp ng 3. Thc hin k kt hp ng Hp ng c bn mua k tn ngi c y quyn ca cng ty bn mua, ng du cng ty bn mua v gi n cho bn bn qua mail hoc fax. Bn bn s kim tra ni dung hp ng, sau k, ng du v gi li cho bn mua cng bng hnh thc qua mail hoc fax.

CHNG II: T CHC THC HIN HP NG MUA BN C PH NHN GIA CNG TY NC NGOI V DOANH NGHIP VIT NAM.

Trong qu trnh thc hin hp ng mua bn ngoi thng ty vo iu kin hp ng m ngi bn hay ngi mua phi tr cc vn chuyn v mua bo him cho hng ha. Do hng ha chuyn ch trn bin thng gp nhiu ri ro, tn tht. V th bo him hng ho ng bin l loi bo him ph bin nht trong ngoi thng

22

Vic thu tu ch hng c tin hnh da vo ba cn c sau y: Nhng iu khon ca hp ng mua bn ngoi thng, c im hng mua bn v iu kin vn ti. C ph Vit Nam ch yu xut theo iu kin giao hng l FOB nn bn mua s tr cc vn chuyn v mua bo him cho hng ha. I. Hng dn giao hng Trc thi hn giao hng khong 15-30 ngy, i din ca bn mua ti Vit nam s gi "Hng dn giao hng "(Shipment Instruction) cho bn bn. Trong hng dn giao hng, s quy nh cc ni dung sau: S hp ng S lng hng phi ng Tn hng v cht lng Nhn hng Cch thc ng hng : ng hng trong bao ay 60 kg/bao thi 21 tn Tn hng vn chuyn, Cng ln hng, cng d hng Thi hn ln tu (ngy tu chy) iu kin vn chuyn hng: LCL/FCL hoc FCL/FCL

+ LCL/FCL: Hng vn chuyn s chu trch nhim v iu kin container cng nh iu kin/s lng hng ha ng trong cont + FCL/FCL : Bn mua s chu trch nhim v iu kin container cng nh iu kin/s lng hng ha ng trong cont

23

iu kin cc tu: quy nh c th do bn mua hoc bn bn tr Tn ngi gi hng Tn ngi nhn hng Tn ngi c thng bo nhn hng Cc chng t yu cu : chi tit vn n ng bin, ha n thng mi v

phiu ng gi, giy chng nhn xut x, giy chng nhn trng lng v cht lng ca l hng, giy chng nhn kim dch, giy chng nhn kh trng, bng cn ca c quan gin nh. II. Quy trnh t ch v mn v container rng ca hng tu Sau khi nhn hng dn giao hng, nhn vin giao nhn ca bn bn s gi email, fax cho hng tu t ch ti hng tu m bn bn quy nh trong hng dn giao hng v nhn xc nhn t ch( Booking Confirmation) t email ca nhn vin phng booking ca hng tu Cc ni dung chnh ca Booking Confirmation: Tn hng tu Tn khch hng S booking S lng, loi container Loi hng iu kin cc tu

24

Bi cp cont rng, ngy cp cont Ni ng hng Tn tu, s chuyn, tu chuyn ti, tn tu ni, ngy d kin tu chy

(ETD), ngy d kin tu n (ETA) Ni nhn hng Cng xp hng Cng chuyn ti Cng d hng Ni giao hng Ni h bi/thanh l hi quan Ngy h bi Thi gian h bi (closing time) Cc thng tin cn lu . Sau nhn vin giao nhn ca bn bn s mang Booking Confirmation n phng iu ca hng tu i ly lnh cp container rng. Ti y, vn phng s ng du xc nhn lnh. Nhn vin giao nhn s mang lnh xung bi cha container, thc hin th tc ng ph nng cont ln xe (khong 200.000/cont). Ti y, nhn vin bn bn s kim tra cont xem c t yu cu ng hng hay khng. Nu cont t cht lng yu cu th bn bn s cho u ko (do bn bn thu hoc bn bn c) ch v kho cha c ph ng hng. Nu cont c cp khng t th yu cu i cont khc. Trong trng hp

25

container rng ch v kho ca bn bn, m khng t yu cu ng hng vo cont, th bn bn s lin h vi hng tu v ch cont tr v li bi cng, ng ph nng cont t trn xe xung bi v sau ng tip ph nng cont mi ln xe ch v kho. III. 1. Chun b cy hng xut khu Ln cy hng Ti kho cha hng ca bn bn, sau khi c ph thnh phm c kim tra v phn loi hng, nhn vin ca kho s hng dn cng nhn cht cc bao c ph li vi nhau thnh tng cy hng vi s lng 300-320 bao/cy i vi hng xut l hng bao v 350-360 bao/cy i vi hng xut l hng thi. Ty vo s lng c ph k trn hp ng, bn bn s cht s cy tng ng bng vi s tn hoc nhiu hn c quan gim nh v bn mua tin hnh ly mu kim tra cht lng

2.

Tin hnh ly mu v gim nh cht lng hng ha Vic gim nh hng ha c thc hin bi mt c quan gim nh c th

theo tha thun ca hai bn trong hp ng. Bn bn s gi giy yu cu gim nh v hp ng mua bn c ph n cng ty gim nh. Bn bn cng thng bo ngy cht cy hng ly mu cho c quan gim nh v bn mua. Nhn vin gim nh c giao ph trch cho l hng s n kho ca bn bn v kt hp vi nhn vin gim nh ca bn mua tin hnh ly mu c ph v kim tra cht lung.

26

2.1. Quy trnh ly mu c ph Nhn vin c quan gim nh phi hp vi Nhn vin gim nh ca bn mua tin hnh xm tng bao c ph ly mu. S lng mu ly khong 10kg/cy hng. Mu ny em b vo my chia mu chia nh cho dn khi cn li 5 kg. Kho ca bn bn s gi li 1kg, c quan gim nh v bn mua mi bn gi 2 kg, 1 kg lm mu lu v 1 kg tin hnh kim tra cht lng. Nhng cy hng sau khi ly mu, s c nim ch ca c quan gim nh, bn bn hoc ca Nestle.Nhng cy hng khng t cht lng s ct ch, em i ti ch v cht cy mu mi tin hnh ly mu v kim tra cho n khi t s lng cy hng cn xut theo hp ng.

2.2. Gim nh cht lng c ph

i vi nhng l hng mua bn khng c kim tra cht lng th nm c ph rang, th c quan gim nh s kim tra c l ngay ti kho ca bn bn hoc s mang mu c ph v kim tra ti phng cht lng ca c quan gim nh. i vi nhng l hng mua bn yu cu kim tra cht lng th nm c ph

rang, c quan gim nh s ly mu mang v kim c l v th nm ti phng cht lng ca c quan gim nh. Nhng l hng bn cho Taloca: nhn vin ph trch ca Taloca s tin hnh

ly mu cng nhn vin gim nh v phi hp kim tra cht lng ti phng cht lng ca c quan gim nh. Nhng l hng bn cho Neumann: c quan gim nh s kim tra cht

lng v th nm ti phng cht lng ca Neumann.

27

i vi nhng l hng theo tiu chun Nestle: s theo quy trnh ca Nestle Bn bn cht cy hng, bn mua v c quan gim nh s ly mu kim tra.

Mu t, bo cho Nestle, Nestle s cho nhn vin xung ly mu v kim tra. Khi c kt qu mu th t, Nestle phi hp cng c quan gim nh v bn mua gim st ng hng. Quy trnh gim nh cht lng c thc hin nh sau: Mu trc khi ng hng hoc mu ly trong qu trnh ng hng c

bm ch ca c quan gim nh v ch ca bn bn gi v phng cht lng ca bn bn v phng cht lng ca c quan gim nh. Ti y, kim nghim vin kim tra ch, sp xp bch mu lu v chia nh 1 kg mu kim tra cht lng ly 350 gram mu phn tch c l v 300 gram mu rang th nm.

Phn tch c l : bao gm phn tch m, tp cht, ht en v, ht khc

loi ( ht c mt), kch thc ht theo cc tiu chun sau: Yu cu k thut theo TCVN 4193-2005: c ph nhn- yu cu k thut Xc nh m theo TCVN 5701-1993 v ISO 6673-1983: C ph nhn.

Xc nh s hao ht khi lng 105oC Xc nh tp cht v ht li theo TCVN 7032-2002 (ISO 10470 : 1993) C

ph nhn- Bng tham chiu nh gi khuyt tt. Xc nh kch thc ht theo TCVN4807-1989 v ISO 4150-1991: C ph

nhn - Phng php xc nh c ht bng sng tay.

28

Phn tch th nm theo TCVN 6538-1999 ( ISO 6668-1991): C ph nhn-

chun b mu th cm quan nhm xc nh ht c ph b cc li sau: Li ht c mi men (Fermentation) Li ht c mi thi (Stinker) Li ht c mi mc (Mouldy) Li ht c mi khi (Smoky) Li ht c mi ha cht (Phenol/ Chemical) Kim nghim vin sau khi phn tch xong phi ghi s liu vo s kt qu kim nghim v ghi bin bn kim nghim theo biu mu quy nh v thng bo kip thi cho bn bn thc hin vic ng hng cho cc mu t cht lng kim tra hoc tin hnh ti ch i vi cc mu khng t yu cu cht lng c quy nh trong hp ng. 3. Thc hin th tc hi quan

29

Sau khi c hng dn giao hng v giy xc nhn t ch (Booking Confirmation) ca hng tu, nhn vin giao nhn ca bn bn tin hnh th tc khai bo hi quan trn trang mng in t ca hi quan. Trn t khai hi quan in t, ngi khai s khai bo cc thng tin v l hng xut theo th t tng . Sau s bm chn vo khai bo gi t khai hi quan in t cng vi bn scan ca hp ng mua bn hng ha n b phn tip nhn ca hi quan. Sau khi kim tra t khai, c quan hi quan s phn hi kt qu thng bo s t khai v kt qu phn lung t khai. Khi nhn c kt qu t pha hi quan, cn b giao nhn bn bn s chun b b h s gm 02 t khai hi quan k tn v ng du cng ty, bn hp

30

ng mua bn ( sao y bn chnh) v giy gii thiu ca cng ty n chi cc hi quan ca khu c quy nh trong lnh xc nhn t ch ca hng tu lm th tc hi quan. Nhn vin bn bn s np b h s cho nhn vin hi quan ti quy dnh cho hng xut khu xem xt, kim tra thng tin v n phng thu ph ng cc l ph hi quan ( 0.4 USD/Tn). Sau nhn li 01 t khai hng ha xut khu ( bn lu ngi khai hi quan) ng du : LM TH TC HI QUAN v k xc nhn thng quan ca cn b hi quan c thm quyn. Hi quan gi li 01 t khai ( bn lu t khai hi quan) 4. ng k kim dch V c ph l hng nng sn nn theo quy nh hng ha phi c kim dch trc khi vo nc nhp khu.Vic kim dch c ph do cc Bo v thc vt thuc B nng nghip v pht trin nng thn tin hnh trc khi c ph c ng vo cotainer. Bn bn gi n c quan kim dch mu c ph, hp ng mua bn hng ha cng Giy ng k kim dch (theo mu ca c quan gim nh) c xc nhn ca cng ty bn bn. Tin hnh ng ph kim dch v nhn kt qu sau 24 gi.

5.

ng k kh trng c ph i vi nhng l hng yu cu phi c kh trng. Bn bn gi hp ng

mua bn hng ha v giy yu cu kh trng c xc nhn ca ngi i din cng ty n cng ty C Phn tr mi- kh trng Giy yu cu kh trng s ghi y nhng thng tin nh: a im, ngy yu cu kh, s lng cont, hng tu, ngy tu khi hnh, cng n, loi thuc, nng , thi gian thuc cn yu cu. cng ty kh trng tip nhn h s v s c nhn vin kh trng n kho bn bn tin hnh vic kh trng vo ngy bn bn ng hng.

31

i vi nhng l hng yu cu vic kh trng phi c thc hin trc khi ng hng vo container th sau khi c kt qu cht lng, bn bn s bo cng ty kh trng cho nhn vin n kho t thuc kh trng, trm bt cy hng theo thi gian quy nh ca tng loi thuc

IV.
1.

ng c ph nhn vo container T chc ng hng vo Container Qu trnh ng hng vo cont bao gi cng c mt i din ca cc bn: i din Cng ty bn bn: Gim st s lng hng thc xut, gim st

cng tc ng hng vo cont. i din Cng ty bn mua: Gim st vic ng hng, cng tc kim tra

cht lng, cn hng ca Cng ty gim nh, gim st vic kh trng..... Cng ty gim nh: Gim st vic cn hng kim tra trng lng, kim

tra cht lng, s lng, bao b v m hiu hng ha, nim phong bm ch v gim st bm seal ca hng tu khi ng xong hng. Gim nh vin cp bin bn chng nhn s lng cho bn bn. Gim nh vin gi Bin bn din bin v gim st, cng vi giy chng nhn s lng, phiu cn v phiu tip nhn yu cu khch hng v vn phng lm c s cp giy chng nhn. Cng ty kh trng: Tin hnh kh trng theo yu cu, thi gian, loi

thuc, phng php m ngi mua, ngi bn la chn. C hai phng php kh trng thng dng: Kh trng trong cont sau khi hng cht vo cont hoc trm bt kn cy hng t cht lng kh trng (ti kho ring)

32

Cng nhn, vn ti: Cht hng ln container sau ch hng ra cng theo

yu cu. Ngoi ra, cn c nhim v l bo qun hng ha trong qu trnh vn chuyn t kho n cng. 2. ng hng vo container Hng c ng ti kho bn bn hoc cng giao nhn Trc khi ng hng, gim nh vin ca c quan gim nh v bn mua

phi kim tra phng tin ch hng v kim tra tnh trng nim phong ca l hng ( i vi cc cy hng c kim tra cht lng trc). Vic kim tra s theo cc quy nh trong quy trnh kim hng ti kho bn bn, nhng yu cu v iu kin container ng hng vo container. Container sau khi kim tra s tin hnh dn giy ( giy draft hoc carton

board) theo quy nh trong hng dn giao hng. Khi tin hnh ng c ph vo cont, gim nh vin s gim st vic cn

trng lng hng ha bng cn bn. C ph phi c cn 100% v gim nh vin ghi li ton b cc m cn vo phiu cn hng. C ph sau khi cn s c cng nhn bc ln cont. Gim nh vin s xm

kim tra cht lng 100% s bao. V tr xm ly mu thay i linh hot phn u, phn gia hoc phn cui bao. Gim nh vin phi loi ra tt c nhng bao c ph khng t cht lng nh m cao, c mi mc, mi hi, tp cht cao, ht li hoc en v cao. Gim nh vin phi gim st bao b, m hiu v s lng hng ha. C ph

phi ng trong bao ay mi chc chn, khng c ln tri, khng v, ming bao phi c may kn, chc bng dy ay xe. Nhng bao c, rch, bao khc loi

33

s phi thay bao mi t tiu chun. M hiu hng ha phi c nh ln tng bao, r rng v sch s. Khng c s dng nhng bao b c m hiu khc ng hng ri nh m hiu mi mt bn. Kim tra cht ch vic xp c ph ln container bng phng php m giy hoc pht th khi cng nhn vc bao ln container Sau khi ng s lng, nhn vin bn bn s dn k m hiu nh sn

trn giy trc pha trong cnh ca container ri ng ca cont. Gim nh vin s bm seal do hng tu cp i vi nhng l hng quy nh kh trng trong container, nu loi thuc

kh trng l thuc vin (Fostoxin), nhn vin kh trng s t ti thuc vo pha trong ca cont trc khi ng ca cont li v bm ch ca bn mua, ch ca c quan gim nh hoc ch ca cng ty kh trng. Sau thi gian tc dng ca thuc, nhn vin kh trng phi ly b thuc ra khi container c s gim st ca i din bn mua hoc i din bn bn v cng ty gim nh i vi loi thuc nc (Methyromide), nhn vin kh trng s bm thuc

vo container qua lp ron gia 2 cnh ca ca container. Trong trng hp bn bn v bn mua tha thun khng thc hin quy trnh

cht tng cy ly mu m c ph s c ng thng vo container, mu c ph c ly trc tip trong qu trnh ng hng. Vic kim tra cht lng cho tng cont hng s c tin hnh sau khi ng hng xong. Nu trong trng hp mu hng ca container khng t cht lng th phi thc hin vic mc hng ra khi cont, thay hng khc hoc bn bn s lm th cam kt chu trch nhim khi hng khng t yu cu ti ni nhn hng ty vo tha thun ca hai bn.

34

Kt thc qu trnh ng hng, gim nh vin yu cu i din bn bn,

nhn vin gin nh bn mua xc nhn v k tn vo giy gim st s lng th hin chi tit s cont, s seal, trng lng tnh, trng lng c b, trng lng b ca tng container. Bn bn s gi 1 bn lm chng t. Nhn vin bn bn ghi s cont, s seal vo mt sau t khai bo hi quan

tin hnh thanh l hi quan. Hng xut bt u vn chuyn xung bi lm th tc h bi theo quy nh ca hng tu.. Trng hp hng giao ti kho ngoi quan Chi ph vn chuyn n kho ngoi quan do bn bn chu. Khi xut hng, vn phi c s gim st ca Cafe Control v bn mua. Hng ha sau khi ng vo cont s c Hi quan nim ch. Trng hp ny, ng hng vo container v lm th tc hi quan do kho ngoi quan tin hnh. n lc no hng ha c xut i th bn mua phi thng bo cho bn bn bn bn lp cc chng t cn thit cho vic nhn hng ca bn mua.

Hnh 5: Nhng bao c ph c ng vo container

35

V.

a hng v bi - Ch xut

36

1.

H bi Sau khi hon tt quy trnh ng hng, bn bn s vn chuyn container cha

c ph n ni h bi ng ngy, ng gi theo quy nh ca hng tu vn chuyn. Nu thi gian h bi tr hn thi gian quy nh th l hng ny s khng vo c s tu, do khng c xp ln tu vn chuyn (hay cn gi l rt tu).Trong trng hp ny, bn bn s phi lm li quy trnh t ch trn tu v vn chuyn container cha c ph n ni h bi mi c quy nh trong xc nhn t ch ca hng tu. 2. Thanh l t khai hi quan Khi c ph h bi, nhn vin giao nhn bn bn s a t khai hi quan cho nhn vin gim st cont ca hi quan ng du xc nhn hng qua khu vc gim st. n y l hon tt cc th tc hi quan cho l hng xut. 3. Vo s tu Sau khi hon tt th tc hi quan, nhn vin giao nhn s mang t khai hi quan, t khai s cont, s seal n phng iu cng vo s tu.Nh vy bn bn hon thnh vic giao hng cho hng tu. Hng tu s chu trch nhim vn chuyn, xp hng ln tu v cp vn n (Bill of lading) cho bn bn.

Hnh 4: Bi container ti cng Ct Li

37

VI.

Th tc thanh ton

38

1.

Lp chng t Sau khi thc hin xong ngha v giao hng cho bn mua, bn bn bt u

lm cc chng t giao cho bn mua bn mua thc hin thanh ton hp ng. B chng t bao gm: 1.1. Vn n ng bin ( Bill of Lading- B/L) Vn n ng bin l chng t chuyn ch hng ha bng ng bin do hng tu cp v c bn mua s dng thc hin vic nhn hng ti cng n. Vn n s c cp sau khi tu chy Nhn vin phng kinh doanh bn bn da vo hng dn giao hng, xc nhn t ch ca hng tu, t khai hi quan, giy gim st s lng ca c quan gim nh lp chi tit Bill bao gm cc thng tin v: Tn ngi gi hng, tn ngi nhn hng, tn ngi c thng bo nhn hng, tn tu v s chuyn tu, tn hng v s lng, nhn hng, cng ln hng, cng d hng, iu kin vn chuyn hng, iu kin cc tu, s cont, s seal, trng lng tnh, trng lng b ca tng container, ngy tu chyri gi chi tit B/l qua email sang hng tu hng tu lm B/l nhp (draft bill). Hng tu s da vo s tu kim tra cc thng tin khai bo trn chi tit B/l, c bit l cc s container, s seal sau lp bill nhp gi li cho nhn vin ph trch chng t ca bn bn. Khi cc thng tin chnh xc, nhn vin ph trch chng t s xc nhn vi b phn lm B/l ca hng tu, n hng tu ng ph lm B/l ( ph THC), ph seal v ly Bill (gm 3 bn gc v 3 bn copy). 1.2. Ha n thng mi (Commercial Invoice- Provision Invoice)

39

Ha n thng mi l chng t do bn bn lp giao cho bn mua bn mua thc hin ngha v thanh ton hng ha. Trn ha n thng mi th hin tn v a ch ngi bn, ngi mua, s vn n, s tu, s chuyn, ngy tu chy, s lng c ph xut, n gi, tng gi tr thanh ton ca l hng, tn v a ch ngn hng chuyn tin v s ti khon ca ngi th hng. Nu hp ng cht gi, th bn bn s lm ha n thng mi (Commercial Invoice) bn mua thanh ton ton b s lng giao. Nu hp ng cha cht gi th bn bn s lm ha n tm tnh (Provision Invoice) nhn thanh ton 70% gi tr hp ng. 30% cn li bn bn s lm ha n cui cng (Final Invoice) sau khi gi c cht. 1.3. Giy chng nhn xut x (Certificate of Origin- C/O)

Giy chng nhn xut x C/O (Certificate of Origin): l giy chng nhn

xut x hng ha c cp bi c quan c thm quyn ca Vit Nam (do Phng Thng mi v Cng nghip Vit Nam cp) cho hng ha xut khu c xut x Vit Nam theo ng quy nh xut x ca nc nhp khu v quy nh cp C/O ca Vit Nam. Giy chng nhn xut x l chng t th hin ngun gc hng. Cc loi from C/O thng cp cho c ph gm c: C/O form B (from thng) cp cho hng xut khu c xut x Vit Nam

(theo quy nh xut x khng u i ca nc nhp khu). C/O form A: ch cp cho hng xut khu c xut x Vit Nam ( theo quy

nh xut x c hng u i thu quan ph cp GSP) xut sang cc nc

40

Australia, Canada, Japan, New Zealand, Norway, Switerland, Belarus, Bulgaria, Russia, E.U

C/O form ICO: giy chng nhn c ph thuc Hip Hi C ph Th Gii C/O form D: do B Cng thng cp cho hng xut khu c xut x Vit

Nam (theo quy nh xut x c hng u i thu quan theo hip nh CEPT) xut sang cc nc ASEAN Cc trng hp khng cp c C/O, khi khch hng yu cu v ph hp

vi quy nh, c th xem xt cp Giy chng nhn-Certificate. B h s xin cp C/O bao gm: n ngh cp giy chng nhn xut x form C (khai qua mng) Form ICO: gm 6 t. Mt t gc cn li l cc bn Copy. 1 t mu xanh v

5 t mu trng (trong c t gc). Sau khi duyt, B Thng Mi gi li 2 bn. Bn mua s nhn 3 bn (1 bn gc + 2 bn Copy), bn cn li bn bn lu h s. Form A hoc B: gm 5 bn. 1 bn gc c ng du ORIGINAL v 4 bn

Copy. Ha n thng mi: 2 bn T khai Hi quan: 2 bn- l bn copy, ng du SAO Y BN CHNH. Vn n: 3 bn c ng du SAO Y BN CHNH. Bng k hng ha: S dng khi hng ha thu mua trc tip t ngi dn,

khng c ha n .

41

Phiu gim st ng hng: Bng copy ha n , ng du SAO Y BN CHNH khi hng c mua

t nhng ngun khc v c cp ha n. Th tc lm C/O Nhn vin ph trch chng t bn bn khai trn mng theo mu C/O ca Phng Thng Mi v Cng Nghip v c cp m vch trn n. In n c m vch cng ton b h s n np ti Phng Thng Mi v Cng Nghip (vit tt v VCCI) c tr s t ti 171 V Th Su. Sau khi tip nhn h s, nhn vin ph trch phng Thng mi cho my qut qua m vch trn from kim tra ni dung khai bo v tin hnh cc th tc cp C/O. Thng thng sau 6 ting l c th nhn li C/O. 1.4. Chng th trng lng v cht lng ca l hng ( Weight & Quality Certificate) Giy chng nhn trng lng v cht lng s do c quan gim nh cp. Gim nh vin ca c quan gim nh gi bo co ng hng, phiu gim

st ng hng v cho phng cp chng th. th hng Sau khi nhn c bn bill nhp ng, nhn vin giao nhn bn bn s gi Kt qu phn tch c l v th nm cng bin bn kim nghim ca l hng

cng c kim nghim vin ca phng cht lng gi v cho phng cp chng

cho c quan gim nh tin hnh cp chng th trng lng v cht lng cho l

42

Ngoi ra, ty vo yu cu trong hng dn giao hng, c quan gim nh

cn cp thm cc chng th sau: Chng th xc nhn nm mc (Ocratoxine Certificate) Chng th sc khe (Health Certificate)

1.5. Giy chng nhn kim dch (Phytosanitary certificate) Do c quan bo v thc vt cp cho hng ha l thc vt hoc c ngun gc thc vt, xc nhn hng ha c kim tra an ton v mt dch bnh, su hi, nm c. v trong khng c vi trng gy bnh cho ngi s dng. Sau khi c kt qu kim dch, chi cc kim dch s cp giy chng nhn kim dch cho bn bn. 1.6. Giy chng nhn kh trng (Fumigation Certificate) Sau khi kh trng xong, nhn vin cng ty kh trng s lp Giy cng tc kh trng gi v phng cp chng th ca cng ty. Da trn phiu ny v phiu yu cu kh trng, hp ng mua bn v bn nhp ca vn n ng bin do bn bn gi n, Cng ty kh trng s cp chng nhn cn trng trong c ph c dit theo yu cu bn mua.

2.

Giao chng t bn gc cho bn mua Bn bn c th gi chng t qua chuyn fax nhanh hoc trc tip giao ti

vn phng bn mua. B chng t thanh ton phi ng cc loi chng t m bn mua quy nh

trong hng dn giao hng. Thng thng b chng t bao gm:

43

03 bn chnh v 3 bn copy vn n ng bin 03 Ha n thng mi 03 Giy chng nhn xut x form A hoc B 03 Giy chng nhn xut x form ICO 03 Giy chng nhn kim dch thc vt 03 Giy chng nhn kh trng 03 Giy chng nhn trng lng v cht lng Bn mua nhn v kim tra tt c chng t, nu c chng t khng ng th

ty tng trng hp m yu cu bn bn sa li hoc xin cp li bn mi. Trng hp tt c chng t u ng, bn mua s tin hnh thanh ton tin hng cho bn bn.

3.

Thc hin thanh ton Trong kinh doanh ngy nay, thanh ton quc t ang ngy tr nn ph bin.

Nhng phng thc thanh ton truyn thng nh tin mt dn c thay th bng nhng phng thc thanh ton hin i hn, nhanh chng hn. Ring i vi lnh vc c ph, hin nay cc bn s dng cc hnh thc thanh ton sau: 3.1. Thanh ton bng chuyn tin (ngoi t) da trn chng t gc (CAD) C 3 cch thanh ton

Bn bn giao chng t cho bn mua, bn mua s thanh ton cho bn bn

bng chuyn khon t ti khon bn mua ti ni t tr s chnh chuyn trc tip v ti khon bn bn ti Vit nam. Hn ch ca vic thanh ton ny l bn bn

44

mt khong thi gian di mi nhn c tin ca l hng giao, bn bn s khng c ngun tin kp thi xoay vng vn cho vic kinh doanh. Cng ty nc ngoi s m ti khon ti Vit nam, y quyn cho i din

ca h Vit Nam k v chuyn mt s lng tin v ti khon ti Vit Nam. Khi vn phng i din bn mua nhn chng t ca bn bn th s thc hin vic chuyn tin cho bn bn t ti khon ti Vit Nam thc hin thanh ton cho khch hng. Hn ch ca vic thanh ton ny l bn mua phi b mt khon tin ln vo ti khon ti Vit Nam s gy ng ngun vn ca bn mua. Cng ty nc ngoi s k thon thun vay tin vi mt ngn hng ti Vit

Nam thc hin vic thanh ton cho bn bn: Bn mua m ti khon ti ngn hng nc ngoi, ngn hng ny bo lnh cho bn mua k tha thun vay mt hn mc tin vi ngn hng ti Vit Nam, Ngn hng ti Vit Nam s cn c vo lnh chuyn tin t i din bn mua ti Vit Nam chuyn tin vo ti khon bn bn. Tng s tin thanh ton s c ngn hng ti Vit Nam thng bo n ngn hng bo lnh ca bn mua. Sau khi nhn c xc nhn ca bn mua v s tin thanh ton, ngn hng nc ngoi s ct tin trong ti khon ca bn mua chuyn tr li cho ngn hng ti Vit Nam. Quy trnh chuyn tin ny phi c gi tr thc hin trong ngy, trong trng hp bn no chm thc hin trong vic hon tr s tin chi cho ngn hng ti vit nam, bn s chu li sut pht sinh ( ngn hng bn mua chuyn chm th ngn hng chu, bn mua xc nhn chm th bn mua s chu li pht sinh). Hnh thc thanh ton ny gip bn bn nhn c tin thanh ton ngay sau khi bn mua chuyn tin ( tin s v ti khon bn bn ngay trong ngy hoc ngy hm sau). Vic thanh ton nhanh tin

45

hng ang l li th ca mt s cng ty nc ngoi nh Neumann Gruppe GmbH ca c trong vic k kt hp ng vi i tc Vit Nam. 3.2. Thanh ton theo hnh thc tn dng th (m LC) Phng thc tn dng chng t l mt s tha thun m trong mt ngn

hng theo yu cu ca khch hng s tr mt s tin nht nh cho mt ngi th 3 hoc chp nhn hi phiu do ngi th 3 k pht trong phm vi s tin , khi ngi th 3 ny xut trnh b chng t thanh ton ph hp vi nhng quy nh ra trong th tn dng. Nh vy, tin hnh thanh ton bng phng thc ny, bt buc phi hnh

thnh mt th tn dng. y l mt vn bn php l quan trng ca phng thc thanh ton ny, v nu khng c th tn dng th xut khu s khng giao hng v nh vy phng thc tn dng chng t cng s khng hnh thnh c. Tn dng th l vn bn php l trong ngn hng m tn dng th cam kt tr tin cho ngi xut khu, nu nh h xut trnh y b chng t thanh ton ph hp vi ni dung ca th tn dng m. Th tn dng c hnh thnh trn c s hp ng thng mi, tc l phi

cn c vo ni dung, yu cu ca hp ng ngi nhp khu lm th tc yu cu ngn hng m th tn dng. Nhng sau khi c m, th tn dng li hon ton c lp vi hot ng thng mi . iu c ngha l khi thanh ton, ngn hng ch cn c vo ni dung th tn dng m thi. Cc loi th tn dng ch yu l:

46

Th tn dng c th hu ngang: y l loi th tn dng m sau khi c

m th vic b sung sa cha hoc hu b c th tin hnh mt cch n phng. Th tn dng khng th hu ngang: L loi th tn dng sau khi c m

th vic sa i, b sung hoc hu b ch c ngn hng tin hnh theo tho thun ca tt c cc bn c lin quan. Trong thng mi quc t th tn dng ny c s dng ph bin nht. Th tn dng khng th hu b c xc nhn: L loi th tn dng khng th

hu b, c mt ngn hng khc m bo tr tin theo yu cu ca ngn hng m th tn dng. Th tn dng chuyn nhng: L loi th tn dng khng th hu b, trong

quy nh quyn ca ngn hng tr tin c tr hon ton hay tr mt phn ca th tn cho mt hay nhiu ngi theo lnh ca ngi hng li u tin. Quy trnh thanh ton theo tn dng th: B1: Bn bn hp ng vi bn mua tha thun phng thc thanh ton

bng m L/C B2: Bn mua m L/C ti ngn hng bn mua B3: Ngn hng bn mua lin kt vi ngn hng bn bn y thc chc nng

thanh ton (ngn hng bn bn xc nhn L/C) B4: Ngn hng bn bn thng bo cho bn bn vic xc nhn L/C B5: Bn bn giao hng cho bn vn chuyn ( hng tu) B6: Bn vn chuyn ( hng tu) giao vn n cho bn bn

47

hng -

B7: Bn bn giao vn n cho ngn hng bn bn c thanh ton tin

B8: Ngn hng bn bn giao vn n cho ngn hng bn mua c

thanh ton B9: Ngn hng bn mua bo cho bn mua B10: Bn mua chuyn tin n ngn hng m L/C B11: Ngn hng m L/C chuyn tin cho ngn hng bn bn B12: Ngn hng bn bn bo c cho bn bn (xc nhn tin vo ti

khon ca bn bn). VII. Cht gi mua bn c ph. i vi hp ng quy nh gi m hay cn gi l gi cng/tr li da trn th trng k hn, thut ng ting Anh gi l differential price hay price to be fixed. Gi c s c 2 bn thng nht sau khi qua cc bng cht gi. Mi hp ng c th c mt hoc nhiu ln cht gi. Nu hp ng ch cht gi mt ln th l gi cho c l hng. Nu hp ng cht gi nhiu ln, gi c ly s l gi trung bnh Lnh cht gi phi c t chm nht l vo trc ngy u tin ca thng k hn tip theo ca LIFFE hoc NYBOT. Trng hp bn bn khng t gi cho bn mua trong khong thi gian c n nh, gi s c t ng cht mt mc gi ngu nhin ca th trng LIFFE hoc NYBOT ngay trc thi im ng ca giao dch ngy cui cng trong thng k hn. Gi s b t ng cht, nu mc gi ca th trng k hn xung n mc gi tm tnh

48

C hai loi hp ng cht gi (Fixing price) sau: Loi th nht, hp ng ngi bn nm quyn cht gi (PBTF Sellers

call contracts). y l hp ng bng vn bn cho php ngi bn cht gi bt c lc no trong khong thi gian trc ngy thng bo giao hng u tin ca mt hp ng k hn c th. Ri ro gi c do ngi mua chu, nn ngi mua phi s dng hp ng k hn bo h ri ro. Thng thng, vic fix gi c tha thun l thuc quyn ca ngi bn. Thi gian fix gi thng c quy nh l ht thng tip theo ca thng giao hng. u im ca vic p dng gi tr li ny l ngi mua v ngi bn c th chn c gi.

Loi th hai, hp ng ngi mua nm quyn cht gi (PBTF Buyers

call contract). y l hp ng cho php ngi mua cht gi bt c thi im no trong khong thi gian trc ngy thng bo giao hng u tin ca mt hp ng k hn c th. Ri ro gi c do ngi bn chu, nn ngi bn phi s dng Cc loi lnh thng dng trong giao dch k hn trn th trng c ph Daily Order : Lnh theo ngy - lnh ny c ga tr trong phin giao dch

ngy hm khi th trng ng ca lnh ny s t ng hy khi h thng. y l lnh thng c dng nhiu nht hin nay. Market On Open (MOO) Lnh m ca lnh ny tht ra l lnh th

trng nhng c t trc gi m ca. Ch khng phi lc no gi cng c khp lnh ng theo ga m ca v phi ph thuc han tan vo gi v s lng treo bn u bn kia.

49

Market On Close (MOC) Lnh ng ca - lnh ny tht ra l lnh th

trng nhng c t trc gi ng ca. Lnh ny c thc hin sau khi th trng ng ca. Tng t nguyn tc lnh m ca trn. Lnh Stop Loss : Lnh chn l c dng cho 3 mc ch sau: Ti thiu ha mc l cho v tr mua hoc bn. Bo v li nhun ang c cho cc v tr mua hoc bn. M v tr mi mua hoc bn. Lnh chn l chia lm 2 loi nh sau: Stop Loss (no limit) - Lnh chn l (Khng c gii hn) Lnh ny l loi lnh th trng c bit. Nguyn tc lnh ny l nu lnh mua th gi mua phi cao hn gi th trng v nu lnh bn th phi bn thp hn gi th trng. Khi th trng chm vi mc gi ca lnh chn l th lnh ny s t ng chuyn thnh lnh th trng bnh thng v nguyn tc khp lnh cng tng t nh lnh th trng. Stop Loss (limit) Lnh chn l (c gii hn) Lnh ny tng t nh lnh chn l khng c gii hn. Nhng c mt im khc l khi t lnh ngai mc gi chn l, Cn phi thm mc gi gii hn. (lnh bn th gi gii hn phi cao hn gi lnh chn l v ngc li). Khi nu lnh c thc hin th gi s nm trong khung gi gii hn ny. Tuy nhin vn c trng hp l gi vt qua mc gi lnh chn l m lnh vn khng khp hoc nu khp th s lng khng . Good Till Cancel (GTC) : Lnh c hiu lc khi c lnh hy Lnh ny c hiu lc n khi no ra lnh c hy, tc l c gi tr nhiu phin lin tip m

50

khng cn t li tng ngy, mi cho n khi no ra lnh hy hoc c khp lnh. Spread Order : Lnh chuyn thng Lnh ny tc l lnh chuyn v tr t

thng gn ra thng xa hn v thi gian ht hn hoc mc nguy him ca thng hin ti m vn gi c v th ban u l mua hoc bn. Nhng phi chp nhn mt khong chnh lch gi gia 2 thng ny. One Cancel the Other (OCO): Lnh vo th hy lnh cn li Tc l 2

lnh c t song song cng mt lc v nu mt trong 2 lnh ny c khp lnh th lnh cn li s t ng hy khi h thng. Market Order : Lnh th trng - lnh ny l lnh c thc hin theo

nguyn tc l nu mua th mua theo gi bn thp nht v nu bn th bn theo gi mua cao nht Cc lnh thng c bn bn s dng l lnh chuyn thng, lnh GTC, lnh theo ngy. Bn bn t lnh bn cho bn mua. Bn mua s thng bo cho cng ty mi gii t lnh bn ln th trng LIFFE. i vi nhng hp ng cht gi sau khi bn bn giao hng xong, bn bn s lm ha n ca 30% gi tr tin hng cn li bn mua thanh ton.

CHNG III: NHNG VN PHT SINH TRANH CHP SAU KHI THC HIN HP NG

51

Sau khi bn bn thc hin xong ngha v giao hng v bn mua thc hin ngha v thanh ton tin hng, c ph c vn chuyn bng phng tin tu thy tri qua mt khong thi gian di mi n cng nhn hng. Theo quy nh trong Hp ng c ph Chu u (European Contract for Coffee - E.C.C.2007) nu c khiu ni v hng ha, ty theo iu kin giao hng, bn mua s gi khiu ni n bn bn yu cu gii quyt. Cc vn thng pht sinh sau khi thc hin hp ng l: I. Vn v cht lng i vi mt hng nng sn l c ph, cc vn cht lng ch yu pht sinh l nhng khiu ni ca bn mua v l hng thc nhn b m, tp cht v ht en v, ht mc cao. Theo quy nh trong hp ng Chu u, thi hn bn mua gi khiu ni cho bn bn l trong thi hn 21 ngy k t ngy cui cng d hng ti cng n (theo im i khon a iu 22, ECC 2007)

II.

Vn v trng lng Theo tha thun trong hp ng, khon hao ht 0.5% dnh cho nhng hao ht trong qu trnh vn chuyn. Do nu hao ht trng lng m vt qu 0.5% trng lng thc giao th ngi bn phi hon tr li tin cho bn mua. Thc t vn thiu ht trng lng c ph khi thc hin giao- nhn thng xuyn din ra trong cc hp ng mua bn c ph ca Vit Nam bi v bn bn tnh lun khon ny vo trng lng ca l hng. Ngoi ra quy trnh cn bn ca cc kho c rt nhiu sai s. Mt nhn t na l s bin ng v gi c hng ha cng nh hng n trng lng giao hng ca bn bn.

52

Cn c tnh khiu ni trng lng l bn mua phi cn hng trong vng 14 ngy, k t ngy nhn hng v thi hn bn mua gi khiu kin n bn bn l trong vng 28 ngy k t ngy cn hng hoc 45 ngy k t ngy d hng cui cng ti cng n (theo khon e iu 3,khon c,d,f iu 4 v dim ii khon a iu 22 ECC 2007) III. Gii quyt tranh chp khiu kin Khi nhn dc khiu ni cht lng, bn bn kim tra v gi n cho c quan gim nh. i vi mu hng theo quy trnh th nm ti phng cht lng bn mua, phng cht lng bn mua s phi hp vi C quan gim nh kim tra mu lu, mu c ph thc nhn ca bn mua, xem xt gi thng tin phn hi n cho bn khiu ni. Thng thng cc bn s lm vic vi nhau cho n khi t c s tha thun chung. i vi khiu kin v trng lng, bn bn gi n cho c quan gim nh gii quyt. Sau khi nhn xc nhn t c quan gim nh, bn bn s thng bo chp nhn s lng c ph giao thiu. S tin ca phn thiu trng lng ny s c bn bn chuyn khon vo ti khon bn mua, tr vo gi cht ca hp ng hoc tr vo thanh ton ca hp ng k tip ty theo tha thun ca hai bn. IV. Mt s gii php trnh tranh chp xy ra ti ni n Mc d Vit Nam l nc c s lng c ph Xut khu ng hng th nh trn th gii nhng v cht lng sn phm v uy tn trong giao dch vn cn l ni bn khon, lo ngi ca cc cng ty nc ngoi khi k kt hp ng. Thc t t vic khiu ni ngy cng nhiu ca cc cng ty nc ngoi trong thi gian qua v trng lng v cht lng ca c ph c xut t Vit Nam l hi chung

53

bo ng cho cc Doanh nghip cn phi c s thay i gi vng v tr trn thng trng kinh doanh quc t ni chung cng nh hn ch vic khiu ni tranh chp xy ra ti ni nhn hng. t c iu , Doanh nghip Vit Nam cn ch qu trnh chm bn, ti tiu cy c ph v khu thu hoch cng nh vic u t trang thit b my mc to ra sn phm c tnh n nh v cht lng. Ngoi ra cn in t ha vic cn hng, bo m trng lng hng ha theo ng s liu trong hp ng k v ng trng lng thc giao. Ngoi ra, s c lp, trung thc, khch quan ca c quan gim nh khi gim nh hng ha v kh nng gii quyt cc khiu kin - tranh chp nhanh chng, thin ch v hp tc ca bn bn theo cc quy nh k kt trong hp ng nhm gip bn bn cng c uy tn trong giao dch mua bn cc hp ng c ph cho v ma mi.

KT LUN

Thc hin nghim chnh hp ng l ngha v ca cc bn trong hp ng v cng l mt nguyn tc lut nh. Tuy nhin, khng phi lc no hp ng cng c thc hin mt cch sun s hoc hon ho. Hin nay, do bin ng ca tnh hnh kinh t th gii ko theo gi c ph tng gim tht thng vi bin dao ng ln cng vi vic tht cht n tn dng ca cc ngn hng khin cho doanh nghip Vit Nam thiu ht ngun vn trong vic thu mua v ch bin hng ha xut khu nh hng khng nh n vic thc hin hp ng mua bn

54

c ph gia doanh nghip trong nc v cc cng ty nc ngoi. Do cn c s h tr ca Chnh Ph v ngun vn vay ca doanh nghip m trc tin l vic gii ngn vn kp thi, h tr vn vi li sut va phi cho doanh nghip cng vi chnh sch mua tm tr c ph ng thi im. Ngoi ra, cc doanh nghip thuc Hip hi C ph - Ca cao Vit nam (Vicofa) cn phi hp cht ch vi nhau trong vic xy dng vng nguyn liu c ph bn vng, tng cng cng c li h thng thu mua tm tr ngun hng nhm bnh n gi trn th trng ni a, m bo cho nhu cu xut khu v c kh nng chi phi n gi giao dch trn sn giao dch quc t.

TI LIU THAM KHO

1. Thc s Nguyn Vit Tun v Thc s L Vn Diu, Gio trnh Nghip V Kinh Doanh Xut Nhp Khu, NXB Thanh Nin, 2008. 2. Website: tincaphe.com 3. Website: Giacaphe.com 4. Cc chng t, s liu t vn phng i din Neumann Gruppe GmbH

PH LC

B hp ng : CONTRACT NO. 04-04/11/BR ( Contract date: 08/04/2011)

55

Hp ng gia Bernhard Rothfos v Truong Ngan Co.Ltd: 04-04/11/BR ( Contract No: 04-04/11/BR) Ph lc hp ng 04-04/11/BR ( Annexture to Contract No: 04-04/11/ BR) Xc nhn hp ng t Bernhard Rothfos ( Contract Confirmation)

iu chnh ca hp ng 04-04/11/BR ( Amendment of Contract No.0404/11/BR) Hng dn giao hng t Bernhard Rothfos (Shipment Instruction) Quy trnh kim hng ti kho bn bn (Inspection Procedure at Shippers Whse) Tiu chun chn container ng hng c ph ( Containers Condition Requirement For Stuffing The Coffee) Xc nhn cht gi mua bn ca hp ng 04-04/11/BR ( Fixations) Ha n tm tnh v ha n cui cng ( Provisional Invoice & Final Invoice) Vn n ng bin (Bill of Lading) Giy chng nhn xut x (Certificate of Origin form A) Giy chng nhn xut x form ICO ( International Coffee Organization) Giy chng nhn kim dch thc vt (Phytosanitary certificate) Giy chng nhn kh trng (Fumigation Certificate) Giy chng nhn cht lng ( Quality Certificate) Giy chng nhn trng lng (Weight Certificate) Giy truy tm thng tin ngun hng ( Traceability Information Sheet) Bn bo co hin trng (Inspection Report) Bn bo co gim st s lng (Supervision Report of Quantity) Phiu cn ( Weighing note) Lnh chuyn tin (Payment Instruction)

56

57