DNG : VIT BIU THC u HOC i trong mch in xoay chiu

I.KIN THC CN NH:

a) on mch ch c in tr thun: u
R
cng pha vi i : I =
R
U
R
b) on mch ch c t in C: u
C
tr pha so vi i gc
2

.
- L m: I =
C
C
Z
U
; vi Z
C
=
C
1
l dung khng ca t in.
-t in p
2 cos u U t
vo hai u mt t in th cng dng in qua n c gi tr hiu dng
l I. Ti thi im t, in p hai u t in l u v cng dng in qua n l i. H thc lin h gia cc
i lng l :
Ta c:
1
2 2
1
2
2
2
2
2
0
2
2
0
2
+ +
C C
U
u
I
i
U
u
I
i

2 2
2 2
u i
2
U I
+
-Cng dng in tc thi qua t: 2 cos( )
2
i I t

+
c) on mch ch c cun dy thun cm L: u
L
sm pha hn i gc
2

.
- L m: I =
L
L
Z
U
; vi Z
L
= L l cm khng ca cun dy.
-t in p
2 cos u U t
vo hai u mt cun cm thun th cng dng in qua n c gi
tr hiu dng l I. Ti thi im t, in p hai u cun cm thun l u v cng dng in
qua n l i. H thc lin h gia cc i lng l :
Ta c:
2 2 2 2
2 2 2 2
0 0L L
i u i u
1 1
I U 2I 2U
+ +

2 2
2 2
u i
2
U I
+
-Cng dng in tc thi qua cun dy: 2 cos( )
2
i I t


d) on mch c R, L, C khng phn nhnh:
+t in p 2 cos( )
u
u U t + vo hai u mch
+ lch pha gia u v i xc nh theo biu thc: tan =
R
Z Z
C L

=
1
L
C
R

; Vi
u i

+ Cng hiu dng xc nh theo nh lut m: I =
Z
U
.
Vi Z =
2
C L
2
) Z - (Z R + l tng tr ca on mch.
Cng dng in tc thi qua mch: 2 cos( ) 2 cos( )
i u
i I t I t + +
+ Cng hng in trong on mch RLC: Khi Z
L
= Z
C
hay =
LC
1
th
I
max
=
R
U
, P
max
=
R
U
2
, u cng pha vi i ( = 0).
Khi Z
L
> Z
C
th u nhanh pha hn i (on mch c tnh cm khng).
Khi Z
L
< Z
C
th u tr pha hn i (on mch c tnh dung khng).
R tiu th nng lng di dng to nhit, Z
L
v Z
C
khng tiu th nng lng in.
e) on mch c R, L,r, C khng phn nhnh:
+t in p 2 cos( )
u
u U t + vo hai u mch
1
C
A B
R L
N M
C
B A
L
A B
C
A B
R
L,r
N M
+ lch pha gia u
AB
v i xc nh theo biu thc:
tan =
L C
Z Z
R r

+
=
1
L
C
R r

+
. Vi
u i

+ Cng hiu dng xc nh theo nh lut m: I =
Z
U
.
Vi Z =
2 2
L C
(R+r) (Z - Z ) + l tng tr ca on mch.
Cng dng in tc thi qua mch: 2 cos( ) 2 cos( )
i u
i I t I t + +
+ Cch nhn bit cun dy c in tr thun r
-Xt ton mch, nu: Z
2 2
) (
C L
Z Z R + ;U
2 2
) (
C L R
U U U + hoc P I
2
R hoc cos
Z
R

th cun dy c in tr thun r 0.
-Xt cun dy, nu: Ud U
L
hoc Z
d
Z
L
hoc P
d
0 hoc cos
d
0 hoc
d

2

th cun dy c in tr thun r 0.
I I. PHNG PHP 1: (PHNG PHP TRUYN THNG):
a) Mch in ch cha mt phn t ( hoc R, hoc L, hoc C)
- Mch in ch c in tr thun : u v i cng pha: =
u
-
i
= 0 Hay
u
=
i

+ Ta c: 2 os( t+ )
i
i I c th 2 os( t+ )
R i
u U c ; vi
R
R
U
I .
+V d 1: in p gia hai u mt on mch in xoay chiu ch c in tr thun R= 100 c biu
thc u=200 2 cos(100 ) ( )
4
t V

+ . Biu thc ca cng dng in trong mch l :

A. i=2 2 cos(100 ) ( )
4
t A

C.i=2 2 cos(100 ) ( )
4
t A

+
B. i=2 2 cos(100 ) ( )
2
t A

+ D.i=2cos(100 ) ( )
2
t A

+Gii :Tnh I
0
hoc I

= U /.R =200/100 =2A; i cng pha vi u hai u R, nn ta c:
i
=
u
= /4
Suy ra: i =2 2 cos(100 ) ( )
4
t A

+ => Chn C
-Mch in ch c t in:
u
C
tr pha so vi i gc
2

. -> =
u
-
i
=-
2

Hay
u
=
i
-
2

;
i
=
u
+
2

+Nu cho 2 os( t) i I c th vit: 2 os( t- )

2
u U c

v L m:
C
C
U
I
z

vi
1
C
Z
C
.
+Nu cho 2 os( t) u U c th vit: 2 os( t+ )
2
i I c


+V d 2: in p gia hai u mt on mch in xoay chiu ch c t c in dung C=
4
10
( ) F

c biu
thc u=200 2 cos(100 ) ( ) t V . Biu thc ca cng dng in trong mch l :
A. i= ) ( )
6
5
100 cos( 2 2 A t

+ C.i=2 2 cos(100 ) ( )
2
t A

+
B. i=2 2 cos(100 ) ( )
2
t A

D.i= ) ( )
6
100 cos( 2 A t


Gii : Tnh
1
.
C
Z
C
=100, Tnh I
o
hoc I

= U /.Z
L
=200/100 =2A;
i sm pha gc /2 so vi u hai u t in; Suy ra: i =
2 2 cos(100 ) ( )
2
t A

+
=> Chn C
2
-Mch in ch c cun cm thun :
u
L
sm pha hn i gc
2

-> =
u
-
i
=
2

Hay
u
=
i
+
2

;
i
=
u
-
2

+Nu cho 2 os( t) i I c th vit: 2 os( t+ )

2
u U c

v L m:
L
L
U
I
z

vi
L
Z L

Nu cho 2 os( t) u U c th vit: 2 os( t- )
2
i I c


V d 3: Hiu in th gia hai u mt on mch in xoay chiu ch c cun cm c t cm L=
) (
1
H

c biu thc u= ) ( )
3
100 cos( 2 200 V t

+ . Biu thc cng dng in trong mch l :
A. i= ) ( )
6
5
100 cos( 2 2 A t

+ C.i= ) ( )
6
100 cos( 2 2 A t


B. i= ) ( )
6
100 cos( 2 2 A t

+ D.i= ) ( )
6
100 cos( 2 A t


Gii : Tnh
L
Z L
= 100.1/ =100, Tnh I
0
hoc I

= U /.Z
L
=200/100 =2A;
i tr pha gc /2 so vi u hai u cun cm thun, nn ta c:
3 2

= -
6

Suy ra: i = ) ( )
6
100 cos( 2 2 A t

=> Chn C
Trc nghim vn dng:
Cu 1 : in p gia hai u mt on mch in xoay chiu ch c in tr thun R= 200 c biu thc u=
200 2 cos(100 ) ( )
4
t V

+ . Biu thc ca cng dng in trong mch l :

A. i= 2 cos(100 ) ( ) t A C.i=2 2 cos(100 ) ( ) t A
B. i= 2 cos(100 ) ( )
4
t A

+ D.i=2cos(100 ) ( )
2
t A

Cu 2: in p gia hai u mt on mch in xoay chiu ch c in tr thun R= 100 c biu thc u=
200 2 cos(100 ) ( )
4
t V

+ . Biu thc ca cng dng in trong mch l :

A. i=2 2 cos(100 ) ( )
4
t A

C.i=2 2 cos(100 ) ( )
4
t A

+
B. i=2 2 cos(100 ) ( )
2
t A

+ D.i=2cos(100 ) ( )
2
t A

Cu 3: in p gia hai u mt on mch in xoay chiu ch c t c in dung C=
4
10
( ) F

c biu thc u=
200 2 cos(100 ) ( ) t V . Biu thc ca cng dng in trong mch l :
A. i= ) ( )
6
5
100 cos( 2 2 A t

+ C.i=2 2 cos(100 ) ( )
2
t A

+
B. i=2 2 cos(100 ) ( )
2
t A

D.i= ) ( )
6
100 cos( 2 A t


Cu 4: Cho in p hai u t C l u = 100cos(100t- /2 )(V). Vit biu thc dng in qua mch, bit
) (
10
4
F C

A. i = cos(100t) (A) B. i = 1cos(100t + )(A)

C. i = cos(100t + /2)(A) D. i = 1cos(100t /2)(A)
Cu 5: t in p 200 2 os(100 t) u c (V) vo hai u on mch ch c t n c C = 15,9F (Ly
1

0,318) th cng dng in qua mch l:
3
A. 2 os(100 t+ )
2
i c

(A) B.
,
_

2
. 100 cos 4

t i (A)
C.
,
_

2
. 100 cos 2 2

t i (A) D.
,
_

+
2
. 100 cos 2

t i (A)
Cu 6 Xc nh p n ng .
Cng dng in qua t in i = 4cos100

t (A). in dung l 31,8

F.Hiu in th t hai u t in l:
A- . u
c
= 400cos(100

t ) (V) B. u
c
= 400 cos(100

t +
2

). (V)
C. u
c
= 400 cos(100

t -
2

). (V) D. u
c
= 400 cos(100

t -

). (V)
Cu 7: Cho in p gia hai u 1 on mch xoay chiu ch c cun thun cm ) (
1
H L

l :
100 2 100
3
cos( t )(V )

. Biu thc cng dng in trong mch l :

A. i=
5
2 100
6
cos( t )( A)

C.i= 2 100
6
cos( t )( A)

B. i= 2 100
6
cos( t )( A)

+ D.i= ) ( )
6
100 cos( 2 A t


Cu 8: t in p 200 2 os(100 t+ ) u c (V) vo hai u on mch ch c cun thun cm ) (
1
H L

th cng dng in qua mch l:
A.
,
_

+
2
. 100 cos 2 2

t i
(A) B.
,
_

2
. 100 cos 4

t i
(A)
C.
,
_

2
. 100 cos 2 2

t i
(A) D.
,
_

+
2
. 100 cos 2

t i
(A)
Cu 9: t in p 200 2 os(100 t) u c (V) vo hai u on mch ch c cun thun cm L= 0,318(H)
(Ly
1

0,318) th cng dng in qua mch l:
A.
,
_

+
2
. 100 cos 2 2

t i
(A) B.
,
_

2
. 100 cos 4

t i
(A)
C.
,
_

2
. 100 cos 2 2

t i
(A) D.
,
_

+
2
. 100 cos 2

t i
(A)
Cu 10: t mt hiu in th xoay chiu vo hai u cun dy ch c t cm L= H
2
1
th cng dng in
qua cun dy c biu thc i=3
2
cos(100t+
6

)(A). Biu thc no sau y l hiu in th hai u on mch:

A u=150cos(100t+
3
2

)(V) B. u=150
2
cos(100t-
3
2

)(V)
C.u=150
2
cos(100t+
3
2

)(V) D. u=100cos(100t+
3
2

)(V)
b) Mch in khng phn nh nh (R L C)
PHNG PHP TRUYN THNG):
- Phng php gii : Tm Z, I, ( hoc I
0
)v
4
Bc 1: Tnh tng tr Z: Tnh
L
Z L
.;
1 1
2
C
Z
C fC

v
2 2
( )
L C
Z R Z Z +
Bc 2: nh lut m : U v I lin h vi nhau bi
U
I
Z

; I
o
=
Z
U
o
;
Bc 3: Tnh lch pha gia u hai u mch v i: tan
L C
Z Z
R

;
Bc 4: Vit biu thc u hoc i
-Nu cho trc: 2 os( t) i I c th biu thc ca u l 2 os( t+ ) u U c
Hay i = I
o
cost th u = U
o
cos(t + ).
-Nu cho trc: 2 os( t) u U c th biu thc ca i l: 2 os( t- ) i I c
Hay u = U
o
cost th i = I
o
cos(t - )
* Khi: (u 0; i 0 ) Ta c : = u - i => u = i + ; i = u -
-Nu cho trc 2 os( t+ )
i
i I c th biu thc ca u l: 2 os( t+ + )
i
u U c
Hay i = I
o
cos(t + i) th u = U
o
cos(t + i + ).
-Nu cho trc 2 os( t+ )
u
u U c th biu thc ca i l: 2 os( t+ - )
u
i I c
Hay u = U
o
cos(t + u) th i = I
o
cos(t + u - )
Lu : Vi Mch in khng phn nhnh c cun dy khng cm thun (R L,r C) th:
Tng tr :
2 2
( ) ( )
L C
Z R r Z Z + + v tan
L C
Z Z
R r

+
;
V d 1 : Mch in xoay chiu gm mt in tr thun R = 50, mt cun thun cm c h s t cm
1
( ) L H

v mt t in c in dung
4
2.10
( )

C F

mc ni tip. Bit rng dng in qua mch c

dng ( ) 5cos100 i t A
.Vit biu thc in p tc thi gia hai u mch in.
Gii :
Bc 1: Cm khng:
1
100 . 100
L
Z L

; Dung khng:
4
1 1
50
2.10
100 .
C
Z
C

Tng tr:
( ) ( )
2 2
2 2
50 100 50 50 2 + +
L C
Z R Z Z
Bc 2: nh lut m : Vi U
o
= I
o
Z = 5.50
2
= 250
2
V;
Bc 3: Tnh lch pha gia u hai u mch v i:
100 50
tan 1
50


L C
Z Z
R

4


(rad).
Bc 4: Biu thc in p tc thi gia hai u mch in: 250 2 cos 100
4
_
+

,
u t

(V).
V d 2: Mt mch in xoay chiu RLC khng phn nhnh c R = 100; C=
4
1
10 . F

; L=
2

H. cng
dng in qua mch c dng: i = 2cos100

t (A). Vit biu thc tc thi in p ca hai u mch v hai u

mi phn t mch in.
Hng d n :
-Cm khng :
2
100 200
L
Z L.

; Dung khng :
4
1 1
10
100
C
Z
.C
.

= 100
-Tng tr: Z =
2 2 2 2
100 200 100 100 2
L C
R ( Z Z ) ( ) + +
-HT cc i :U
0
= I
0
.Z = 2.
2 100
V =200
2
V
5
- lch pha:
200 100
tan 1
100 4
L C
Z Z
rad
R



;Pha ban u ca HT: + +
4
0


i u
4

=>Biu thc HT : u = )
4
100 cos( 2 200 ) cos(
0

+ + t t U
u
(V)
-HT hai u R :u
R
= U
0R
cos
) (
R
u
t +
; Vi : U
0R
= I
0
.R = 2.100 = 200 V;
Trong on mch ch cha R : u
R
cng pha i: u
R
= U
0R
cos
) (
R
u
t +
= 200cos t 100 V
-HT hai u L :u
L
= U
0L
cos
) (
L
u
t +
Vi : U
0L
= I
0
.Z
L
= 2.200 = 400 V;
Trong on mch ch cha L: u
L
nhanh pha hn cd
2

:
2 2
0
2

+ +
i uL
rad
=> u
L
= U
0L
cos
) (
R
u
t +
= 400cos )
2
100 (

+ t V
-HT hai u C :u
C
= U
0C
cos
) (
C
u
t +
Vi : U
0C
= I
0
.Z
C
= 2.100 = 200V;
Trong on mch ch cha C : u
C
chm pha hn cd
2

:
2 2
0
2


i uL
rad
=> u
C
= U
0C
cos
) (
C
u
t +
= 200cos )
2
100 (

t V
V d 3: Mch in xoay chiu gm mt in tr thun R = 40, mt cun thun cm c h s t cm
0 8 ,
L ( H )

v mt t in c in dung
4
2
10 C . F

mc ni tip. Bit rng dng in qua mch c dng

3cos(100 )( ) i t A
a. Tnh cm khng ca cun cm, dung khng ca t in v tng tr ton mch.
b. Vit biu thc in p tc thi gia hai u in tr, gia hai u cun cm, gia hai u t in, gia hai
u mch in.
Hng dn:
a. Cm khng:
0,8
100 . 80
L
Z L

; Dung khng:
4
1 1
50
2.10
100 .
C
Z
C

Tng tr:
( ) ( )
2 2
2 2
40 80 50 50
L C
Z R Z Z + +
b. V u
R
cng pha vi i nn :
cos100
R oR
u U t
;
Vi U
oR
= I
o
R = 3.40 = 120V Vy 120cos100 u t (V).
V u
L
nhanh pha hn i gc
2

nn:
cos 100
2
L oL
u U t

_
+

,
Vi U
oL
= I
o
Z
L
= 3.80 = 240V; Vy 240cos 100
2
L
u t

_
+

,
(V).
V u
C
chm pha hn i gc
2

nn:
cos 100
2
C oC
u U t

_


,
Vi U
oC
= I
o
Z
C
= 3.50 = 150V; Vy 150cos 100
2
C
u t

_


,
(V).
p dng cng thc:
80 50 3
tan
40 4
L C
Z Z
R

; 37
o

37
0, 2
180

(rad).
biu thc hiu in th tc thi gia hai u mch in: ( )
cos 100
o
u U t +
;
Vi U
o
= I
o
Z = 3.50 = 150V; Vy ( )
150cos 100 0, 2 u t + (V).
6
V d 4 : Mt on mch in xoay chiu gm mt in tr thun R = 80, mt cun dy thun cm c t
cm L = 64mH v mt t in c in dung 40 C F mc ni tip.
a. Tnh tng tr ca on mch. Bit tn s ca dng in f = 50Hz.
b. on mch c t vo in p xoay chiu c biu thc 282cos314 u t (V). Lp biu thc cng
tc thi ca dng in trong on mch.
Hng dn:
a. Tn s gc:
2 2 .50 100 f
rad/s
Cm khng:
3
100 .64.10 20
L
Z L


Dung khng:
6
1 1
80
100 .40.10
C
Z
C


Tng tr:
( ) ( )
2 2
2 2
80 20 80 100
L C
Z R Z Z + +
b. Cng dng in cc i:
282
2,82
100
o
o
U
I
Z
A
lch pha ca hiu in th so vi cng dng in:

20 80 3
tan
80 4
L C
Z Z
R

37
o


37
37
180
o
i u

rad; Vy
37
2,82cos 314
180
i t

_
+

,
(A)
V d 5: Cho mch in nh hnh v. Bit
1
10
L

H,
3
10
4
C

F v
n ghi (40V- 40W). t vo 2 im A v N mt hiu in th
120 2 cos100
AN
u t (V). Cc dng c o khng lm nh hng
n mch in.
a. Tm s ch ca cc dng c o.
b. Vit biu thc cng dng in v in p ton mch.
Hng dn:
a. Cm khng:
1
100 . 10
10
L
Z L

; Dung khng:
3
1 1
40
10
100 .
4
C
Z
C

in tr ca bng n:
2 2
m
m
40
40
40

U
R
P

Tng tr on mch AN:
2 2 2 2
40 40 40 2

AN C
Z R Z + +
S ch ca vn k:
120 2
120
2 2
oAN
AN
U
U V
S ch ca ampe k:
120 3
2,12
40 2 2
AN
A
AN
U
I I
Z

A
b. Biu thc cng dng in c dng: ( )
cos 100
o i
i I t + (A)
Ta c :
40
tan 1
40

C
AN
Z
R

4
AN

rad

4
i uAN AN AN

rad;
3
2 . 2 3
2
o
I I A
7
Vy 3cos 100
4
i t

_
+

,
(A).
Biu thc hiu in th gia hai im A, B c dng: ( )
cos 100
AB o u
u U t + (V)
Tng tr ca on mch AB:
( ) ( )
2 2
2 2
40 10 40 50

AB L C
Z R Z Z + +
3.50 150
o o AB
U I Z V
Ta c:
10 40 3
tan
40 4

L C
AB
Z Z
R

37
180
AB

rad
37
4 180 20
u i AB

+ rad; Vy 150cos 100
20
AB
u t

_
+

,
(V)
V d 6: S mch in c dng nh hnh v, in tr R = 40, cun thun cm
3
10
L

H, t in
3
10
7
C

F. in p 120cos100
AF
u t (V).
Hy lp biu thc ca:
a. Cng dng in qua mch.
b. in p hai u mch AB.
Hng dn:
a. Cm khng:
3
100 . 30
10
L
Z L

; Dung khng:
3
1 1
70
10
100 .
7
C
Z
C

Tng tr ca on AF:
2 2 2 2
40 30 50
AF L
Z R Z + +

120
2, 4
50
oAF
o
AF
U
I
Z

A
Gc lch pha
AF
:
30 37
tan 0, 75
40 180
L
AF AF
Z
R

rad
Ta c:
37
0
180
i uAF AF AF AF

rad; Vy
37
2, 4cos 100
180
i t

_


,
(A)
b. Tng tr ca ton mch:
( )
2
2
40 30 70 40 2 Z + 2, 4.40 2 96 2
o o
U I Z V
Ta c:
30 70
tan 1
40 4
L C
AB AB
Z Z
R



rad
37 41
4 180 90
u AB i

+ rad Vy
41
96 2 cos 100
90
u t

_


,
(V)
V d 7: Cho mch in xoay chiu nh hnh v, R = 100, L l t cm ca cun dy thun cm,
4
10
3
C

F, R
A

0. in p 50 2 cos100
AB
u t (V). Khi K ng hay khi K m, s ch ca ampe k
khng i.
a. Tnh t cm L ca cun dy v s ch khng i ca ampe k.
b. Lp biu thc ca cng dng in tc thi trong mch khi K
ng v khi K m.
Hng dn:
a. Theo bi, in p v s ch ampe k khng i khi K ng hay khi K m nn tng tr Z khi K m v khi
K ng bng nhau
8
C
A B
R L
F

( )
2
2 2 2
m d L C C
Z Z R Z Z R Z + +

( )
2
2
L C C
Z Z Z

2
0
L C C L C
L C C L
Z Z Z Z Z
Z Z Z Z

'

Ta c:
4
1 1
173
10
100 .
3
C
Z
C

; 2 2.173 346
L C
Z Z
346
1,1
100
L
Z
L

H
S ch ampe k bng cng dng in hiu dng khi K ng:

2 2 2 2
50
0, 25
100 173
A d
d
C
U U
I I
Z
R Z

+ +
A
b. Biu thc cng dng in:
- Khi K ng: lch pha :
173
tan 3
100
C
d
Z
R

3
d

rad
Pha ban u ca dng in:
3
d
i u d d


Vy 0, 25 2 cos 100
3
d
i t

_
+

,
(A).
- Khi K m: lch pha:
346 173
tan 3
100
L C
m
Z Z
R

3
m


Pha ban u ca dng in:
3
m
i u m m


Vy 0, 25 2 cos 100
3
m
i t

_


,
(A).
V d 8: Cho mch in nh hnh v :
U
AN
=150V ,U
MB
=200V. lch pha U
AM
v U
MB
l / 2
Dng in tc thi trong mch l : i=I
0
cos 100t (A) , cun dy thun cm.
Hy vit biu thc U
AB
Hng dn:
Ta c : V U U U U U U
C AN C AN
150
2
R
2
R
+ + (1)
V U U U U U U
L MB L MB
200
2
R
2
R
+ + (2)
V U
AN
v U
MB
lch pha nhau / 2 nn
1
.
.
1 .
R R
2 1

U U
U U
tg tg
C L

hay U
2
R
= U
L
.U
C
(3)
T (1),(2),(3) ta c U
L
=160V , U
C
= 90V , V U 120
R

V U U U U
C L AB
139 ) (
2 2
R
+ ;
s rad
U
U U
tg
C L
/ 53 , 0
12
7
R

vy u
AB
= 1392 cos(100t +0,53) V
V d 9: Cho mch in khng phn nhnh gm R = 100 3 , cun dy thun cm L v t in C =10
-4
/2
(F). t vo 2 u mch in mt hiu in th u = 100
2
cos 100 t. Bit hiu in th U
LC
= 50V ,dng
in nhanh pha hn hiu in th.Hy tnh L v vit biu thc cng dng in i trong mch
Hng dn:
Ta c = 100 rad/s ,U = 100V,
200
1
C
Z
C

9
(Loi)
R C
L
N M
A
B
Hiu in th 2 u in tr thun l: V U U U
LC
3 50
2 2
R

cng dng in A
U
I 5 , 0
R
R
v 100
I
U
Z
LC
LC
V dng in nhanh pha hn hiu in th,m trn gin Frexnen,dng in c bi din trn trc honh
vy hiu in th c biu din di trc honh ngha l Z
L
< Z
C
. Do
Z
C
-Z
L
=100Z
L
=Z
C
-100 =100 suy ra H
Z
L
L
318 , 0

lch pha gia u v i :

6
3
1

R
Z Z
tg
C L
; vy 0, 5 2 os(100 )( )
6
i c t A

+
3. TRC NGHIM:
Cu 11: Cho mch in xoay chiu c R=30

, L=

1
(H), C=
7 . 0
10
4
(F); in p 2 u mch l u=120 2 cos100

t
(V), th cng dng in trong mch l

A. ( ) 4cos 100
4
i t A

_
+

,
B. 4cos(100 )( )
4
i t A

C. 2cos(100 )( )
4
i t A

D. 2cos(100 )( )
4
i t A

+
Cu 12:Cho on mch gm R, L, C mc ni tip; R = 10
3
; L = 0, 3/ (H); C =
3
10 / 2

(F). t vo hai u on
mch mt hiu in th ( ) 100 2 cos 100 u t (V).
a) Vit biu thc cng dng in trong mch
A. ( ) 5 2 os 100 / 6 i c t (A) B. ( ) 5 2 os 100 / 6 i c t + (A)
C. ( ) 5 os 100 / 6 i c t (A) D. ( ) 5 os 100 / 6 i c t + (A)
b) Vit biu thc hiu in th hai u mi phn t R; L; C
A. ( ) 86, 5 2 cos 100 / 6
R
u t + ; ( ) 150 2 cos 100 / 3
L
u t + ; ( ) 100 2 cos 100 2 / 3
C
u t
B. A. ( ) 86, 5 2 cos 100 / 6
R
u t ; ( ) 150cos 100 / 3
L
u t + ; ( ) 100cos 100 2 / 3
C
u t
C. A. ( ) 86, 5 2 cos 100 / 6
R
u t ; ( ) 150 2 cos 100 / 3
L
u t + ; ( ) 100 2 cos 100 2 / 3
C
u t
D. A. ( ) 86, 5 2 cos 100 / 6
R
u t + ; ( ) 150 2 cos 100 / 3
L
u t + ; ( ) 100 2 cos 100 2 / 3
C
u t +
Cu 13: Cho mch xoay chiu c R, L, C mc ni tip c R=30

, C=

4
10

(F) , L thay i c cho hiu in th

2 u mch l U=100
2
cos100

t (V) , u nhanh pha hn i gc

6

rad th Z
L
v i khi l:
A.
5 2
117, 3( ), cos(100 )( )
6 3
L
Z i t A

B. 100( ), 2 2cos(100 )( )
6
L
Z i t A

C.
5 2
117, 3( ), cos(100 )( )
6 3
L
Z i t A

+ C. 100( ), 2 2cos(100 )( )
6
L
Z i t A

+
Cu 14: Mt mch gm cun dy thun cm c cm khng bng 10 mc ni tip vi t in c in dung
4
2
.10 C F

. Dng in qua mch c biu thc 2 2 cos100 )

3
+ i t A

. Biu thc hiu in th ca hai u

on mch l:
A. 80 2 s(100 )
6
u co t

(V) B. 80 2 cos(100 )
6
+ u t

(V)
C. 120 2 s(100 )
6
u co t

(V) D.
2
80 2 s(100 )
3
+ u co t

(V)
Cu 15: Mch in xoay chiu gm in tr 40 R ghp ni tip vi cun cm L. Hiu in th tc thi hai u
on mch 80 s100 u co t v in p hiu dng hai u cun cm
L
U =40V Biu thc i qua mch l:
10
AAA
MMM
NNN
BBB
CCC RRR LLL
A.
2
s(100 )
2 4
i co t A

B.
2
s(100 )
2 4
+ i co t A

C. 2 s(100 )
4
i co t A

D. 2 s(100 )
4
+ i co t A

Cu 16: Mt on mch in gm in tr R = 50 mc ni tip vi cun thun cm L = 0,5/ (H). t vo hai u

on mch mt in p xoay chiu u = 100
2
cos(100t - /4) (V). Biu thc ca cng dng in qua on
mch l:
A. i = 2cos(100t - /2) (A). B. i = 2
2
cos(100t - /4) (A).
C. i = 2
2
cos100t (A). D. i = 2cos100t (A).
Cu 17: Khi t in p khng i 30V vo hai u on mch gm in tr thun mc ni tip vi cun cm thun
c t cm
1
4
(H) th dng in trong on mch l dng in mt chiu c cng 1 A. Nu t vo hai u
on mch ny in p
u 150 2 cos120 t
(V) th biu thc ca cng dng in trong on mch l
A. i 5 2 cos(120 t )
4

(A). B. i 5cos(120 t )
4

+ (A).
C . i 5cos(120 t )
4

(A). D. i 5 2 cos(120 t )
4

+ (A).
Cu 18: Cho on mch xoay chiu LRC mc ni tip hai u AB, L mc vo AM, R mc vo MN, C mc vo NB. Biu
thc dng in trong mch i = I
0
cos 100

t (A). in p trn on AN c dng ( ) 100 2 os 100 / 3

AN
u c t + (V) v
lch pha 90
0
so vi in p ca on mch MB. Vit biu thc u
MB
?
A.
100 6
os 100
3 6
MB
u c t

_


,
B, ( ) 100 os 100
MB
u c t
C.
100 6
os 100
3 6
MB
u c t

_
+

,
D. 100 os 100
6
MB
u c t

_


,
Cu 19: t in p xoay chiu u = Uocos(100t +
3

) (V) vo hai u mt cun cm thun c t cm L=

1
2

(H). thi im in p gia hai u cun cm l 100
2
V th cng dng in qua cun cm l 2 A. Biu thc
ca cng dng in qua cun cm l
A. i = 2
3
cos(100t +
6

) (A). B. i = 2
2
cos(100t -
6

) (A).
C. i = 2
2
cos(100t +
6

) (A). D. i = 2
3
cos(100t -
6

) (A).
Cu 20: Xt on mch gm mt in tr hot ng bng 100, mt t in c in dung
50
C F

v mt cun
cm thun c t cm
3
H

mc ni tip. Nu t vo hai u mt in p 200cos100 u t (V) th in p gia

hai u in tr hot ng c biu thc
A. 200cos(100 )
4
R
u t

(V). B. 100 2 cos(100 )
R
u t (V).
C. 200cos(100 )
4
R
u t

+ (V). D. 100 2 cos(100 )
4
R
u t

(V).
Cu 21: Cho on mch in AB khng phn nhnh gm cun cm thun, t in c in dung thay i c, mt
in tr hot ng 100. Gia A, B c mt in p xoay chiu n nh 110cos(120 )
3
u t

(V). Cho C thay i.
11
AAA
MMM
NNN
BBB
CCC RRR LLL
Khi C =
125
3
F

th in p hiu dng gia hai u cun c gi tr ln nht. Biu thc ca in p gia hai u cun
cm l
A. 220cos(120 )
2
L
u t

+ (V). B. 110 2 cos(120 )
2
L
u t

+ (V).
C. 220cos(120 )
6
L
u t

+ (V). D. 110 2 cos(120 )
6
L
u t

+ (V).
Cu 22: Cho mch in nh hnh v:
150 , 200
AN MB
U V U V . lch pha gia u
AN
v u
MB
l
2

. Dng in tc thi trong mch l

0
sin(100 )( ) i I t A , cun dy thun cm. Biu thc ca u
AB
l
A. 139 2 sin(100 0, 53)
AB
u t V + B. 612 2 sin(100 0, 53)
AB
u t V +
C. 139sin(100 0, 53)
AB
u t V + D. 139 2 sin(100 0,12)
AB
u t V +
Cu 23: Cho ba linh kin gm in tr thun 60 R , cun cm thun L v t in C. Ln lt t in p xoay
chiu c gi tr hiu dng U vo hai u on mch ni tip RL hoc RC th biu thc cng dng in trong
mch ln lt l
1
2 os(100 )( )
12
i c t A

v
1
7
2 os(100 )( )
12
i c t A

+ . Nu t in p trn vo hai u
on mch RLC ni tip th dng in trong mch c biu thc:
A. 2 2 os(100 )( )
3
i c t A

+ B. 2 os(100 )( )
3
i c t A

+
C. 2 2 os(100 )( )
4
i c t A

+ D. 2 os(100 )( )
4
i c t A

+
Cu 24: Cho on mch in xoay chiu gm cun dy thun cm va tu in mc n i tip nhau. in ap hiu
dung hai u cun cam la 150V, gia hai u tu in la 100V.Dong in trong mach co biu thc i =I
0
cos(t +
/6)((A) . Biu thc in ap hai u oa n mach la
A. ) 2 / 100 cos( 2 50 t u V. B. V t u ) 2 / 100 cos( 2 50 + .
C. ) 3 / 2 100 cos( 2 50 t u V. D. ) 3 / 2 100 cos( 2 50 + t u V.
Cu 25: t in p u = 120cos(100t +
3

) (V) vo hai u mt on mch gm cun cm thun mc ni

tip in tr thun R= 30 th in p hiu dng hai u cun cm l 60 V. Dng in tc thi qua on
mch l
A. )
12
t 100 cos( 2 2 i

+ (A). B. )
6
t 100 cos( 3 2 i

+ (A).
C. )
4
t 100 cos( 2 2 i

(A). D. )
4
t 100 cos( 2 2 i

+ (A).
4.Trc nghim vit biu thc u hoc i nng cao
Cu 26. Cho 3 linh kin gm in tr thun R= 60, cun cm thun L v t in C. Ln lt t in p
xoay chiu c gi tr hiu dng U vo hai u on mch ni tip RL hoc RC th biu thc cng dng
12
AAA
MMM
NNN
BBB
CCC RRR LLL
in trong nch ln lt l i
1
=cos(100-)(A) v i
2
=cos(100+)(A). nu t in p trn vo hai u on mch
RLC ni tip th dng in trong mch c biu thc:
A. 2cos(100t+)(A) B. 2 cos(100t+)(A)
C. 2cos(100t+)(A) D. 2cos(100t+)(A)
HD: Theo
( )
1 2
01 02
=- 1
RL RC
L C
I I Z Z
Z Z

= =

Mt khc
( )
( )
( )
1
1 2
2
1
u 1
u
u 2
- = 2

3
2 4 - =
i
i i
i

= =

T ( ) ( ) ( )
1

2 , 3 3 60 3
3
L
L
Z
Z
R
= = =
( )
0 01
120 2
RL
U I Z V = =
Khi
RLC nt
cng hng: i=
0
U
R
cos(100t+
u

)= 2cos(100t+)(A)
Cu 27: t vo hai u mch in xoay chiu gm mt cun dy v mt t in mc ni tip mt in p
xoay chiu n nh c biu thc u =100 6 cos(100 )( ).
4
t V

+ Dng vn k c in tr rt ln ln lt o
in p gia hai u cun cm v hai bn t in th thy chng c gi tr ln lt l 100V v 200V. Biu
thc in p gia hai u cun dy l:
A. 100 2 cos(100 )( )
2
d
u t V

+ . B. 200cos(100 )( )
4
d
u t V

+ .
C.
3
200 2 cos(100 )( )
4
d
u t V

+ . D.
3
100 2 cos(100 )( )
4
d
u t V

+ .
Cu 28: Cho on mch gm R, L, C mc theo th t trn vo on mch AB. M l im gia L v C; Biu
thc hiu in th tc thi gia hai im A v M l u
AM
= u
RL
= 200 cos100

t(V). Vit biu thc u

AB
?
A. ( ) 200cos 100
AB
u t
(V) B. ( ) 200 2 cos 100
AB
u t (V)
C. ( ) 200cos 100 / 2
AB
u t
(V) D. ( ) 200cos 100 / 2
AB
u t +
(V)
Cu 29: Cho on mch in AB gm R, L, C mc ni tip vi R l bin tr. Gia AB c mt in p
0
os( ) u U c t +
lun n nh. Cho R thay i, khi R = 42,25 hoc khi R = 29,16 th cng sut tiu th
ca on mch nh nhau; khi R = R
0
th cng sut tiu th ca on mch t gi tr ln nht, v cng
dng in qua mch 2cos(100 )
12
i t

+ (A). in p u c th c biu thc
A.
7
140, 4 2 os(100 )( )
12
u c t V

+ B.
5
70, 2 2 os(100 )( )
12
u c t V

C. 140, 4 2 os(100 )( )
3
u c t V

D. 70, 2 2 os(100 )( )
3
u c t V

+
Gii: R
0
=
2 1
R R =35,1 khi th
C L
Z Z R
0
, t tnh c U
0
v tan

bn s tm c
u

Cu 30: Cho on mch in xoay chiu AB khng phn nhnh gm mt cun cm thun, mt t in c
in dung C thay i c, mt in tr hot ng 100. Gia AB c mt in p xoay chiu lun n nh

u=110cos(120t- )
3
(V). Cho C thay i, khi C =
125
F
3
th in p gia hai u cun cm c gi tr ln
nht. Biu thc ca in p gia hai u cun cm l
A.
L

u =110 2cos(120t+ )
6
(V). B.
L

u =220cos(120t+ )
6
(V).
C.
L

u =220cos(120t+ )
2
(V). D.
L

u =110 2cos(120t+ )
2
(V).
Gii: khi thay i c ULmax th
C L
Z Z
,t sua ra U0L=I0R=220V
M khi th u,i cng pha ,t suy ra
2 3

+

uL
=
6

13
Cu 31: t in p xoay chiu
0

u=U cos 120t+ V

3
_

,
vo hai u mt cun cm thun c t cm
1
L= H.
6

Ti thi im in p gia hai u cun cm l 40 2 V th cng dng in qua cun cm l 1A . Biu thc
ca cng dng in qua cun cm l
A.

i=3 2cos 120t- A.

6
_

,
B.

i=3cos 120t- A.
6
_

,
C.

i=2 2cos 120t- A.

6
_

,
D.

i=2cos 120t+ A.
6
_

,
p dng cng thc c lp :
1
I
i
U
u
2
0
2
2
0
2
+

2
0
2
2
L
2
I i
Z
u
+
I
0
= 3A
i
=
6 2 3

Chon p n B
Cu 32: khi t dng in p xoay chiu vo hai u mch gm in tr thun R mc ni tip mt t in C
th biu thc dng in c dang: i
1
=I
0
cos(t+ )(A).mc ni tip thm vo mch iin cun dy thun cm L
ri mc vo in p ni trn th biu thc dng in c dng i
2
=I
0
cos(t- )(A). Biu thc hai u on mch
c dng:
A:u=U
0
cos(t +)(V) B: u=U
0
cos(t +)(V)
C: u=U
0
cos(t -)(V) D: u=U
0
cos(t -)(V)
Gii: Gi s u = U
0
cos(t + ). Gi
1
;
2
gc lch pha gia u v i
1
; i
2

Ta c: tan
1
=
C
Z
R

= tan( - /6); tan

2
=
L C
Z Z
R

= tan( + /3);
Mt khc cng dng in cc i trong hai trng hp nh nhau, nn Z
1
= Z
2
--
Z
C
2
= (Z
L
Z
C
)
2
; Z
L
= 2Z
C
. V vy: tan
2
=
L C
Z Z
R

=
C
Z
R
= tan( + /3);
tan( - /6) = - tan( +/3) tan( - /6) + tan( +/3) = 0 =>
sin( - /6 + +/3) = 0 => - /6 + +/3 = 0 => = - /12 => u=U
0
cos(t -)(V). Chn C
Cu 33: Mt on mch gm cun cm c t cm L v in tr thun r mc ni tip vi t in c in
dung C thay i c. t vo hai u mch mt hiu in th xoay chiu c gi tr hiu dng U v tn s
f
khng i. Khi iu chnh in dung ca t in c gi tr C=C
1
th in p hiu dng gia hai u t in
v hai u cun cm c cng gi tr v bng U, cng dng in trong mch khi c biu thc
1
2 6 os 100 ( )
4
i c t A

_
+

,
. Khi iu chnh in dung ca t in c gi tr C=C
2
th in p hiu dng
gia hai bn t in t gi tr cc i. Cng dng in tc thi trong mch khi c biu thc l
A.
2
5
2 3 os 100 ( )
12
i c t A

_
+

,
B.
2
5
2 2 os 100 ( )
12
i c t A

_
+

,
C.
2
2 2 os 100 ( )
3
i c t A

_
+

,
D.
2
2 3 os 100 ( )
3
i c t A

_
+

,
Gii: Khi C = C
1
U
D
= U
C
= U => Z
d
= Z
C1
= Z
1
Z
d
= Z
1
=>
2
1
2
) (
C L
Z Z r + =
2 2
L
Z r + => Z
L
Z
C1
= t Z
L
=> Z
L
=
2
1 C
Z
(1)
Z
d
= Z
C1
=> r
2
+Z
L
2
= Z
C!
2
=> r
2
=
4
3
2
1 C
Z
=> r =
2
3
2
1 C
Z
(2)
tan
1
=
3
1
2
3
2
1
1
1
1

C
C
C
C L
Z
Z
Z
r
Z Z
---->
1
= -
6

Khi C = C
2
U
C
= U
Cmax
khi Z
C2
=
1
1
2
1
2 2
2
2
C
C
C
L
L
Z
Z
Z
Z
Z r

+
Khi Z
2
=
1
2
1
2
1
1 2
1
2
2
2
3 3 ) 2
2
(
4
3
) (
C C C C C L
Z Z Z
Zc
Z Z Z r + +
14
tan
2
=
3
2
3
2
2
1
1
1
2

C
C
C
C L
Z
Z
Z
r
Z Z
=>
2
= -
3

U = I
1
Z
1
= I
2
Z
2
=> I
2
= I
1
2
3
3 2
3
1
2
1

I
Z
Z
(A)
Cng dng in qua mch: i
2
= I
2
)
3 6 4
100 cos( 2

+ + t
= 2
)
12
5
100 cos( 2

+ t

(A). Chn B
Cu 34( H -2009): t in p xoay chiu c gi tr hiu dng 60 V vo hai u on mch R, L, C mc
ni tip th cng dng in qua on mch l i
1
=
0
I cos(100 t )
4

+ (A). Nu ngt b t in C th cng

dng in qua on mch l
2 0
i I cos(100 t )
12

(A). in p hai u on mch l

A. u 60 2 cos(100 t )
12

(V). B. u 60 2 cos(100 t )
6

(V)
C. u 60 2 cos(100 t )
12

+ (V). D. u 60 2 cos(100 t )
6

+ (V).
Gii: Gi biu thc ca u = U
o
cos(100t + )
Ta thy : I
1
= I
2
suy ra Z
1
= Z
2
hay
L C L
Z Z Z

Z
L
= Z
C
/2
Lc u:
1
tan
L C L
Z Z Z
R R

i
1
= I
o
cos(100t + +
1
) +
1
= /4
Lc sau:
2
tan
L
Z
R
i
2
= I
o
cos(100t + -
2
) -
2
= - /12;
M
1 2

= /12 Vy u 60 2 cos(100 t )
12

+ (V).Chn C
Gii 2: Ta thy I
1
= I
2
----> (Z
L
Z
C
)
2
= Z
L
2
=>. Z
C
= 2Z
L
tan
1
=
R
Z Z
C L

= -
R
Z
L
(*) tan
1
=
R
Z
L
(**) =>
1
+
2
= 0

1
=
u
-
4

;
2
=

u
+

12

=> 2
u
-
4

+
12

= 0 =>
u
=
12

Do u 60 2 cos(100 t )
12

+ , Chn C
Cu 35. Cho 3 linh kin gm in tr thun R= 60, cun cm thun L v t in C. Ln lt t in p
xoay chiu c gi tr hiu dng U vo hai u on mch ni tip RL hoc RC th biu thc cng dng
in trong nch ln lt l i
1
=cos(100-)(A) v i
2
=cos(100+)(A). nu t in p trn vo hai u on mch
RLC ni tip th dng in trong mch c biu thc:
A. 2cos(100t+)(A) B. 2 cos(100t+)(A)
C. 2cos(100t+)(A) D. 2cos(100t+)(A)
Gii 1: Theo
( )
1 2
01 02
=- 1
RL RC
L C
I I Z Z
Z Z

= =

Mt khc
( )
( )
( )
1
1 2
2
1
u 1
u
u 2
- = 2

3
2 4 - =
i
i i
i

= =

T ( ) ( ) ( )
1

2 , 3 3 60 3
3
L
L
Z
Z
R
= = = ( )
0 01
120 2
RL
U I Z V = =
Khi
RLC nt
cng hng: i=
0
U
R
cos(100t+
u

)= 2cos(100t+)(A) Chn C
Gii 2: Ta thy cng hiu dng trong on mch RL v RC bng nhau suy ra Z
L
= Z
C
lch pha
1
gia
u v i
1
v
2
gia u v i
2
i nhau. tan
1
= - tan
2
Gi s in p t vo cc on mch c dng: u = U
2
cos(100t + ) (V).
15
Khi
1
= (- /12) = + /12
2
= 7/12
tan
1
= tan( + /12) = - tan
2
= - tan( 7/12)
tan( + /12) + tan( 7/12) = 0 sin( + /12 + 7/12) = 0
Suy ra = /4 - tan
1
= tan( + /12) = tan(/4 + /12) = tan /3 = Z
L
/R
Z
L
= R 3 v U = I
1

2 2
1
2 120
L
R Z RI + (V)
Mch RLC c Z
L
= Z
C
=> c s cng hng I = U/R = 120/60 = 2 (A) v i cng pha vi u:
u = U
2
cos(100t + /4) . Vy i = 2
2
cos(100t + /4) (A). Chn C
Cu 36: Cho ba linh kin: in tr thun
60 R
, cun cm thun L v t in C. Ln lt t in p xoay
chiu c gi tr hiu dng U vo hai u on mch ni tip RL hoc RC th biu thc cng dng in trong
mch ln lt l
1
2 cos(100 /12) ( ) i t A v
2
2 cos(100 7 /12)( ) i t A + . Nu t in p trn vo hai u
on mch RLC ni tip th dng in trong mch c biu thc:
A. 2 2 cos(100 / 3) ( ) i t A + B.
2cos(100 / 3) ( ) i t A +
C. 2 2 cos(100 / 4) ( ) i t A + D.
2cos(100 / 4) ( ) i t A +

Gii: Pha ban u ca i:
3 2

L C
=>
cos
01
0
I
I
= 2 chn A
Ta c th m rng bi ton ny nh sau:
Mc mch RL vo hiu in th u th dng in l i = I cos(t + )
Mc mch RC vo hiu in th u th dng in l i = I cos(t + )
Mc mch RLC vo hiu in th u th dng in l i =
'
0
I cos(t + )
Ta lun c mi quan h:(v gin hoc s dng cng thc tan ta d dng chng minh c):

cos
tan
2
0 '
0
I
I
R Z Z
C L
L C

Vy bi ton ny trong mch RLC ta c th tnh v vit c biu thc ca: R,L,C,u,i,P ...
Cu 37: t in p
0
u U cos t
2
_


,
vo hai u on mch cha mt in tr thun v mt t in mc
ni tip. Khi , dng in trong mch c biu thc
0
i I cos t
4
_


,
. Mc ni tip vo mch t th hai c
cng in dung vi t cho. Khi , biu thc dng in qua mch l
A. ( )
0
i 0, 63I cos t 0,147 (A)
B. ( )
0
i 0, 63I cos t 0, 352 (A)
C. ( )
0
i 1, 26I cos t 0,147 (A)
D. ( )
0
i 1, 26I cos t 0, 352 (A)
0 0 C
u U cos t i I cos t R Z
2 4
_ _


, ,

mc thm t na th
02 0
2
2
2
5
tan 2
C C
I I
Z Z

'

p n A
Cu 38: Cho mch in xoay chiu RLC. Cun dy thun cm L =
0, 3/
(H), C =
4
4.10 /

(F); R l bin tr. t

mch vo hiu in th ( ) 200 2 cos 100 u t V
a) Vit biu thc u
R
khi cng sut ca mch t cc i
A. ( ) 200cos 100 / 4
R
u t V B. ( ) 200cos 100 / 4
R
u t + V
C. ( ) 100cos 100 / 4
R
u t V D. ( ) 100cos 100 / 4
R
u t V
b) Cho R = 20, Hi phi ghp vi C mt t C
1
nh th no v bng bao nhiu cng sut tiu th ca mch t cc i;
Vit biu thc hiu in th gia hai u cun cm khi .
16
Phm ENG nhp phn o i
A. mc song song C
1
= 0,637 mF B. mc ni tip C
1
= 0,637 mF
C. mc song song C
1
= 0,637

F D. mc ni tip C
1
= 0,637

F
Cu 39: oan mach AC co in tr thun, cun dy thun cam va tu in mc ni tip. B la mt im trn AC vi
u
AB
= cos100t (V) va u
BC
= cos (100t - ) (V). Tim biu thc hiu in th u
AC
.
A. u 2 2cos(100 t) V
AC
B. u 2cos 100 t V
AC
3

_

,

C. u 2cos 100 t V
AC
3

+
_

,
D.
u 2cos 100 t V
AC
3

_

,
Cu 40: t in p xoay chiu vo vo hai u mt cun cm thun c t cm H
2
1
L

th cng dng
in qua cun cm c biu thc i = I
0
cos(100t -
6

) (V). Ti thi im cng tc thi ca dng in qua

cun cm c gi tr 1,5 A th in p tc thi hai u cun cm l 100 V. in p hai u cun cm c biu thc
A. u =100
2
cos(100t +
2

) V. B. u = 125cos(100t +
3

) V.
C. u = 75
2
cos(100t +
3

) V. D. u = 150cos(100t +
3

) V.
Cu 41: t vo hai u AMNB ca on mch RLC gm ni tip. M l im ni gia t in v cun dy
thun cm, N l im ni gia cun dy v in tr thun. Khi biu thc in p ca hai u on mch
NB l u
NB
= 60
2
cos(100t -
3

) V v in p gia hai u on mch AN sm pha hn in p hai u

on mch AB mt gc
3

. Biu thc ca in p hai u on mch AB l

A. u = 60 6 cos(100t -
6

) V. B. u = 40 6 cos(100t -
6

) V.
C. u = 40 6 cos(100t +
6

) V. D. u = 60 6 cos(100t +
6

) V.
I II.PHNG PHP 2: DNG S PHC TM BIU THC i HOC u
VI MY FX-570ES; MY FX-570ES PLUS (NHANH V HIU QU CHO TRC NGHIM)
1.Tm hiu cc i lng xoay chiu dng phc: Xem bng lin h
I LNG IN CNG THC DNG S PHC TRONG MY TNH FX-570ES
Cm khng Z
L
Z
L
Z
L
i (Ch trc i c du cng l Z
L
)
Dung khng Z
C
Z
C
- Z
C
i (Ch trc i c du tr l Zc )
Tng tr:

L
Z L.
;
1

C
Z
.C
;
( )
2
2
L C
Z R Z Z +
( ) +
L C
Z R Z Z i = a + bi ( vi a=R; b = (Z
L
-Z
C
) )
-Nu Z
L
>Z
C :
on

mch c tinh cm khng
-Nu Z
L
<Z
C :
on

mch c tinh dung khng
Cng dng in
i=Io cos(t+ i )
0 0

i
i
i
i I I

in p
u=Uo cos(t+
u
)
0 0

u
i
u
u U U

nh lut M

U
I
Z
. >
u
i u i Z
Z
>
u
Z
i
Ch : ( ) +
L C
Z R Z Z i ( tng tr phc
Z
c gch trn u: R l phn thc, (Z
L
-Z
C
) l phn o)
Cn phn bit ch i sau gi tr b = (Z
L
-Z
C
) l phn o , khc vi ch i l cng dng in
17
Phm ENG nhp phn o i
2.Chn ci dt my tnh: CASIO fx 570ES ; 570ES Plus
Chn ch Nt lnh ngha- Kt qu
Ch nh dng nhp / xut ton Bm: SHIFT MODE 1 Mn hnh xut hin Math.
Thc hin php tnh s phc Bm: MODE 2 Mn hnh xut hin ch CMPLX
Dng to cc: r Bm: SHIFT MODE 3 2 Hin th s phc dng: A
Hin th dng cc: a + ib.
Bm: SHIFT MODE 3 1
Hin th s phc dng: a+bi
Chn n v o gc l (D) Bm: SHIFT MODE 3 Mn hnh hin th ch D
Chn n v o gc l Rad (R) Bm: SHIFT MODE 4 Mn hnh hin th ch R
Nhp k hiu gc
Bm SHIFT (-)
Mn hnh hin th
Nhp k hiu phn o i Bm ENG Mn hnh hin th i
3 .Lu Ch hin th kt qu trn mn hnh:
Sau khi nhp, n du = c th hin th kt qu di dng s v t,
mun kt qu di dng thp phn ta n SHIFT =
( hoc nhn phm SD ) chuyn i kt qu Hin th.
4. Cc V d 1 :
V d 1 : Mch in xoay chiu gm mt in tr thun R = 50, mt cun thun cm c h s t cm
1
( ) L H

v mt t in c in dung
4
2.10
( )

C F

mc ni tip. Bit rng dng in qua mch c

dng ( ) 5cos100 i t A
.Vit biu thc in p tc thi gia hai u mch in.
Gii :
1
100 . 100
L
Z L

;
1
.... 50
C
Z
C
. V Z
L
-Z
C
=50
-Vi my FX570ES : Bm MODE 2 mn hnh xut hin: CMPLX.
-Bm SHIFT MODE 3 2 : dng hin th to cc:( r )
-Chn n v o gc l (D), bm: SHIFT MODE 3 mn hnh hin th D
Ta c : i Z Z R X I Z i u
C L i
) ( ( . . .
0
+
5 0 50 50 + X( i )
( Php NHN hai s phc)
Nhp my: 5 SHIFT (-) 0 X ( 50 + 50

ENG i ) = Hin th: 353.55339 45 = 250 2 45
Vy biu thc tc thi in p ca hai u mch: u = 250
2
cos( 100t +/4) (V).
V d 2: Mt mch in xoay chiu RLC khng phn nhnh c R = 100; C=
4
1
10 . F

; L=
2

H. Cng
dng in qua mch c dng: i = 2
2
cos100

t(A). Vit biu thc in p tc thi ca hai u mch?

Gii:
2
100 200
L
Z L.

;
1

C
Z
.C
........= 100. V Z
L
-Z
C
=100
-Vi my FX570ES : Bm MODE 2 mn hnh xut hin: CMPLX.
-Bm SHIFT MODE 3 2 : Ci t dng to cc:( r )
-Chn n v o gc l (D), bm: SHIFT MODE 3 mn hnh hin th D
Ta c : i Z Z R X I Z i u
C L i
) ( ( . . .
0
+ 2 2 0 100 100 + > X ( i ) ( Php NHN hai s phc)
Nhp my: 2
2
SHIFT (-) 0 X ( 100 + 100

ENG i ) = Hin th: 400 45
Vy biu thc tc thi in p ca hai u mch: u = 400cos( 100t +/4) (V).
V d 3: Cho on mch xoay chiu c R=40

, L=

1
(H), C=
6 . 0
10
4
(F), mc ni tip in p 2 u mch
u=100
2
cos100

t (V), Cng dng in qua mch l:

A. i=2,5cos(100 t+ )( )
4
A

B. i=2,5cos(100 t- )( )
4
A

18
Phm ENG nhp phn o i
C. i=2cos(100 t- )( )
4
A

C. i=2cos(100 t+ )( )
4
A

Gii:
1
100 100
L
Z L.

;
4
1 1
10
100
0 6

C
Z
.C
.
,

= 60. V Z
L
-Z
C
=40
-Vi my FX570ES : Bm MODE 2 mn hnh xut hin: CMPLX.
-Bm SHIFT MODE 3 2 : Ci t dng to cc:( r )
-Chn n v o gc l (D), bm: SHIFT MODE 3 mn hnh hin th D
Ta c : i
0
( ( )

+
u
L C
U u
R Z Z i Z


100 2 0
40 40

+
.
( i )
( Php CHIA hai s phc)
Nhp 100
2
SHIFT (-) 0 : ( 40 + 40

ENG i ) = Hin th: 2,5 -45
Vy : Biu thc tc thi cng dng in qua mch l: i = 2,5cos(100t -/4) (A). Chn B
V d 4: Mt on mch in gm in tr R = 50 mc ni tip vi cun thun cm L = 0,5/ (H). t vo
hai u on mch mt in p xoay chiu u = 100
2
cos(100t- /4) (V). Biu thc ca cng dng
in qua on mch l:
A. i = 2cos(100t- /2)(A). B. i = 2 2 cos(100t- /4) (A).
C. i = 2
2
cos100t (A). D. i = 2cos100t (A).
Gii:
0 5
100 50
L
,
Z L.

; . V Z
L
-Z
C
=50 - 0 = 50
-Vi my FX570ES : Bm MODE 2 mn hnh xut hin: CMPLX.
-Bm SHIFT MODE 3 2 : Ci t dng to cc:( r )
-Chn n v o gc l (D), bm: SHIFT MODE 3 mn hnh hin th D
Ta c : i
0
( )

+
u
L
U u
R Z i Z


100 2 45
50 50

+
.
( i )
( Php CHIA hai s phc)
Nhp 100
2
SHIFT (-) - 45 : ( 50 + 50

ENG i ) = Hin th: 2 - 90
Vy : Biu thc tc thi cng dng in qua mch l: i = 2cos( 100t - /2) (A). Chn A
V d 5(H 2009): Khi t hiu in th khng i 30V vo hai u on mch gm in tr thun mc ni
tip vi cun cm thun c t cm L = 1/4 (H) th cng dng in 1 chiu l 1A. Nu t vo hai u
on mch ny in p u =150
2
cos120t (V) th biu thc cng dng in trong mch l:

A. 5 2cos (120 )( )
4
i t A

B. 5cos(120 )( )
4
+ i t A

C. 5 2cos(120 )( )
4
+ i t A

D. 5cos(120 )( )
4
i t A

Gii: Khi t hiu in th khng i (hiu in th 1 chiu) th on mch ch cn c R: R = U/I =30

1
120 30
4

L
Z L.

; i =
u 150 2 0
(30 30i) Z

+
( Php CHIA hai s phc)
a.Vi my FX570ES : -Bm MODE 2 mn hnh xut hin: CMPLX.
-Bm SHIFT MODE 3 2 : Ci t dng to cc:( r )
-Chn n v gc l (D), bm: SHIFT MODE 3 mn hnh hin th D
Nhp my: 150
2
: ( 30 + 30

ENG i ) = Hin th: 5 - 45
Vy: Biu thc tc thi cng dng in qua mch l: i = 5cos( 120t - /4) (A). Chn D
b.Vi my FX570ES : -Bm MODE 2 mn hnh xut hin: CMPLX.
-Chn n v gc l (R), bm: SHIFT MODE 4 mn hnh hin th R
Nhp my: 150
2
: ( 30 + 30

ENG i ) = Hin th dng phc: 3.535533..-3.535533i
Bm SHIFT 2 3 : Hin th: 5 -
4

Vy: Biu thc tc thi cng dng in qua mch l: i = 5cos( 120t - /4) (A). Chn D
5.TRC NGHIM:
19
Cu 1. cho on mch R, L, C mc ni tip vi R= 100, L=

1
H, C=
2
10
4
F. t in p xoay chiu vo
gia hai u on mch u
L R ,
= 200 )
2
100 cos( 2

+ t (V). biu thc u c dng
A.
V t u ) 100 cos( 200
B. V t u ) 100 cos( 2 200
C. V t u )
3
100 cos( 200

+ D. V t u )
4
100 cos( 2 200

+
Cu 2. Cho on mch R, L, C mc ni tip vi R=59, L=

1
H. t in p xoay chiu
V t U u ) 100 cos( 2 vo gia hai u on mch th )
4
100 cos( 100

+ t
uL
. Biu thc u
c
l:
A. u
c
= 50 )
2
100 cos(

t (V) B . u
c
= 50 )
4
100 cos( 2

t (V)
C. u
c
= 50 )
4
3
100 cos(

t D. u
c
= 50 )
4
3
100 cos( 2

t
Cu 3: Mt on mch gm mt t in c dung khng Z
C
= 100 v cun dy c cm khng Z
L
= 200 mc
ni tip nhau. Hiu in th ti hai u cun cm c dng V t u
L
)
6
100 cos( 100

+ . Biu thc hiu in th
hai u t in c dng nh th no?
A. V t u
C
)
3
100 cos( 50



B. V t u
C
)
6
5
100 cos( 50

C.
V t u
C
)
6
100 cos( 100

+ D. V t u
C
)
2
100 cos( 100


Cu 4. Cho mch R,L,C, u = 240
2
cos(100t) V, R = 40, Z
C
= 60 , Z
L
= 20 .Vit biu thc ca dng
in trong mch
A. i = 3
2
cos(100t) A B. i = 6cos(100t)A
C. i = 3
2
cos(100t + /4) A D. i = 6cos(100t + /4)A
Cu 5. Cho mch in R,L,C cho u = 240
2
cos(100t) V, R = 40 , Z
L
= 60 , Z
C
= 20, Vit biu thc
ca cng dng in trong mch
A. i = 3
2
cos(100t)A. B. i = 6cos(100t) A.
C. i = 3
2
cos(100t /4)A D. i = 6cos(100t - /4)A
Cu 6. Cho mch R,L,C, R = 40, Z
L
= Z
C
= 40 , u = 240
2
cos(100t). Vit biu thc i
A. i = 6
2
cos(100t )A B. i = 3
2
cos(100t)A
C. i = 6
2
cos(100t + /3)A D. 6
2
cos(100t + /2)A
Cu 7. Cho mch R,L,C, u = 120
2
cos(100t)V. R = 30 , Z
L
= 10 3 , Z
C
= 20 3 , xc nh biu
thc i.
A. i = 2 3 cos(100t)A B. i = 2 6 cos(100t)A
C. i = 2 3 cos(100t + /6)A D. i = 2 6 cos(100t + /6)A
Cu 8: Mch in xoay chiu gm t in C =

4
10

F, cun dy thun cm L =
10
1
H mc ni tip. Bit
cng dng in l i = 4cos(100t) (A). Biu thc in p hai u mch y l nh th no?
A. u =
2 36
cos(100t -) (V) B. u = 360cos(100t +
2

) (V)
C. u = 220sin(100t -
2

) (V) D. u = 360cos(100t -
2

) (V)
Cu 9: in p gia hai u mt cun dy c r =4; L=0,4(H) c thc: ) )(
3
100 cos( 2 200 V t u

+ .
Biu thc ca cng dng xoay chiu trong mch l:
20
A. i = 50cos(100t +
12

)(A) B. i = 50
2
cos(100t -
12

)(A)
C. i = 50cos(100t -
12

)(A) D. i = 50
2
cos(100t +
12

)(A)
Cu 10: Cho on mch xoay chiu AB gm hai on mch AN v NB mc ni tip. t vo hai u on
mch AB mt in p xoay chiu n nh ) V ( ) 3 / t 100 cos( 2 200 u
AB
+ , khi in p tc thi gia
hai u on mch NB l ) V ( ) 6 / 5 t 100 sin( 2 50 u
NB
+ . Biu thc in p tc thi gia hai u on
mch AN l
A. ) V ( ) 3 / t 100 sin( 2 150 u
AN
+ . B. ) V ( ) 3 / t 120 cos( 2 150 u
AN
+ .
C. ) V ( ) 3 / t 100 cos( 2 150 u
AN
+ . D. ) V ( ) 3 / t 100 cos( 2 250 u
AN
+ .
21
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