Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Ni dung
Bi 1: Cc khi nim ca mt h CSDL Bi 2: Cc m hnh CSDL Bi 3: M hnh d liu quan h (ca Codd) Bi 4: Ngn ng i s quan h Bi 5: Ngn ng SQL Bi 6: Ngn ng tn t Bi 7: Rng buc ton vn trong mt CSDL Bi 8: Ti u ha cu hi bng i s quan h
Khoa HTTT-i hc CNTT 2
1. Gii thiu
Ti sao cn phi c mt c s d liu?
2. H thng tp tin
L tp hp cc tp tin ring l phc v cho mt mc ch ca n v s dng. u im:
Trin khai ng dng nhanh Kh nng p ng nhanh chng, kp thi (v ch phc v cho mc ch hn hp) Trng lp d liu lng ph, d liu khng nht qun Chi ph cao Chia s d liu km
Khoa HTTT-i hc CNTT 6
Khuyt im:
3. C s d liu (1)
nh ngha: C s d liu l mt h thng cc thng tin c cu trc, c lu tr trn cc thit b lu tr nhm tha mn yu cu khai thc thng tin ng thi ca nhiu ngi s dng hay nhiu chng trnh ng dng vi nhng mc ch khc nhau
Khoa HTTT-i hc CNTT 7
3. C s d liu (2)
u im:
Gim trng lp thng tin xung mc thp nht, m bo tnh nht qun v ton vn d liu. m bo d liu c truy xut theo nhiu cch khc nhau. Kh nng chia s thng tin cho nhiu ngi, nhiu ng dng khc nhau.
3. C s d liu
Nhng vn cn gii quyt:
Tnh ch quyn d liu. Tnh bo mt v quyn khai thc thng tin ca ngi s dng Tranh chp d liu m bo d liu khi c s c
4. Cc i tng s dng
Ngi s dng CSDL khng chuyn v lnh vc tin hc v CSDL -> cn cng c h c th khai thc CSDL khi cn. Chuyn vin tin hc xy dng cc ng dng phc v cho cc mc ch qun l Qun tr CSDL: t chc CSDL, bo mt, cp quyn, sao lu, phc hi d liu, gii quyt cc tranh chp d liu
Khoa HTTT-i hc CNTT 10
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Ngn ng giao tip gia ngi s dng v CSDL T in d liu (Data Dictionary) C bin php bo mt khi c yu cu C ch gii quyt tranh chp d liu C c ch sao lu (backup), phc hi (restore) m bo tnh c lp gia d liu v chng trnh
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Mc vt l Cu trc vt l
CSDL
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Bi 2: Cc m hnh d liu
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Ni dung
1. Gii thiu 2. M hnh d liu mng 3. M hnh thc th mi kt hp
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1. Gii thiu
M hnh d liu l s tru tng ha ca mi trng thc, biu din d liu mc quan nim. Gii thiu mt s m hnh nh:
M M M M M
hnh d liu mng hnh d liu phn cp hnh d liu thc th mi kt hp hnh d liu quan h hnh d liu hng i tng
Khoa HTTT-i hc CNTT 18
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K hiu:
NHANVIEN
CONGVIEC
Loi lin h: m t s lin kt gia 1 loi mu tin ch v 1 loi mu tin thnh vin
K hiu:
Tham gia
Khoa HTTT-i hc CNTT 20
(1:1) (one-to-one): mi mu tin ca loi mu tin ch kt hp vi ng 1 mu tin ca loi mu tin thnh vin. (1:n) (one-to-many): mi mu tin ca loi mu tin ch kt hp vi 1 hay nhiu mu tin thnh vin. (n:1) (many-to-one): nhiu mu tin ca loi mu tin ch kt hp vi ng 1 mu tin ca loi mu tin thnh vin. (Recursive): mt loi mu tin ch cng c th ng thi l loi mu tin thnh vin vi chnh n. Loi lin h ny l quy
Khoa HTTT-i hc CNTT 21
1:n
1:1
NHANVIEN
1:n
CONGVIEC cng lm
n:1
Khoa HTTT-i hc CNTT 22
Tng i n gin D s dng Khng thch hp biu din CSDL c quy m ln Kh nng din t ng ngha km
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