tiu chun vit nam

tcvn 2622 : 1995

Phng chy, chng chy cho nh v cng trnh - Yu cu thit k

Fire prevention and protection for buildings and structures Design requirements

1.

Phm vi p dng Tiu chun ny l bt buc p dng. Cho php p dng thm cc tiu chun khc khi c m bo trnh k thut v an ton cao hn quy nh ca tiu chun ny. Tiu chun ny quy nh nhng yu cu c bn v phng chy v chng chy ( vit tt l PCCC) khi thit k, xy dng mi hoc ci to nh v cng trnh cng nh| khi thm nh thit k v xt quyt nh |a nh, cng trnh vo s dng. Khi thit k nh v cng trnh ngoi vic tun theo cc quy nh ca tiu chun ny, cn phi tun theo cc quy nh c lin quan cc tiu chun hin hnh khc. Cc cng trnh c th chuyn ngnh c yu cu PCCC c bit c nhng quy nh PCCC ring, v d: kho cha cc cht d chy, d n, kho cha cc ha cht c hi. Cc cng trnh trn ch p dng mt s quy nh thch hp ca tiu chun ny. Cc cng trnh tm thi, c thi gian s dng khng qu 5 nm ch p dng phn li thot nn v tham kho cc phn khc ca tiu chun ny.

2. Quy nh chung 2.1. Thit k ngi nh, cng trnh, cm cng trnh, k c cng trnh do n|c ngoi thit k, u t|, phi p dng cc yu cu PCCC v phi |c tha thun v ni dung ny vi c quan PCCC. 2.2. Ngi nh v cng trnh |c chia thnh 5 bc chu la I, II, III, IV, V. Bc chu la ca ngi nh v cng trnh |c xc nh theo gii hn chu la ca cc cu kin xy dng ch yu ca n. Xem bng 2. 2.3. Cc cng trnh sn xut cng nghip |c chia thnh su hng sn xut theo mc nguy him v chy v n ca cng ngh sn xut v tnh cht ca cc cht nguyn liu t trong n theo bng l.

tiu chun vit nam Bng 1

Hng sn xut A Nguy him chy n

tcvn 2622 : 1995

c tnh ca cc cht, vt liu c trong qu trnh sn xut Cc cht kh chy c gii hn nng chy n d|i nh hn hoc bng 10% th tch khng kh v cc cht lng c nhit bng chy nh hn 280C, nu cc cht lng v cc cht kh c th hp thnh hn hp d n c th tch qu 5% th tch khng kh trong phng; cc cht c th n v chy khi tc dng vi nhau, vi n|c hay xy trong khng kh. Cc cht kh c gii hn nng n d|i trn 10% th tch khng kh, cc cht lng c nhit bng chy t 280C n 610C, cc cht lng |c lm nng trong iu kin sn xut n nhit bng v cao hn nhit bng chy, cc bi hoc x chy c gii hn n d|i, bng hoc nh hn 65g/m3, nu cc cht lng, kh v bi hoc x ni trn c th to thnh hn hp d n c th tch qu 5% th tch khng kh trong phng. Cc cht lng vi nhit bng chy cao hn 610C; bi hay x chy |c vi gii hn n d|i ln hn 65g/m3; cc cht v vt liu rn c th chy. Cc cht ch c th xy ra chy khi tc dng vi n|c, khng kh hay khi tc dng vi nhau. Cc cht v vt liu khng chy trong trng thi nng, nng hoc nng chy, m qu trnh gia cng c km theo vic sinh bc x nhit, pht tia la v ngn la; cc cht rn, cht lng v kh |c t chy hay s dng lm nhin liu.

B Nguy him chy n

C Nguy him chy D Khng th hin c tnh nguy him ca sn xut E Khng th hin c tnh nguy him ca sn xut F Nguy him n

Cc cht v vt liu khng chy trng thi ngui. Cc kh d chy khng qua pha lng, bi c nguy him n vi s l|ng c th to nn hn hp d n c th tch v|t qu 5% th tch khng kh trong phng m theo iu kin qu trnh cng ngh ch c th xy ra n (khng km theo chy). Cc cht c th n (khng km theo chy) khi tc dng vi nhau hoc vi n|c, vi xy ca khng kh.

Ch thch: 1) Cc cng trnh sn xut thuc hng sn xut t|ng ng xem ph lc B 2) Cc kho ty theo tnh cht nguy him v chy n ca hng ha v nguyn liu cha trong m xc nh hng sn xut ph hp vi quy nh ca bng 1; 3) Cc cng ngh sn xut c s dng nhin liu t chy l cc cht lng, cht kh v hi hoc ngn la trn u khng thuc hng sn xut A, B, C;

2.4.

Vt liu v cu kin xy dng |c chia thnh ba nhm theo mc chy: khng chy, kh chy v d chy. Xem ph lc A.

tiu chun vit nam 3. Thut ng - nh ngha

Thut ng 1 1. Vt liu chy, d chy A. Combustible substance 2. Vt liu kh chy A. Uninflammable Substance 3. Vt liu khng chy A. Incombustible Substance 4. Tnh chu la A. Fire resistance nh ngha

tcvn 2622 : 1995

(Theo TCVN 5303- 90. An ton chy. Thut ng - nh ngha)

2 Vt liu d|i tc ng ca la hay nhit cao bc chy, chy m hay b ccbon ha v tip tc chy m hoc ccbon ha sau khi cch ly ngun chy. Vt liu d|i tc ng ca la hay nhit cao th bc chy, chy m , hoc cacbon ha v tip tc chy, chy m hoc cacbon ha khi c ngun chy. Nh|ng sau khi cch ly khi ngun chy th ngng chy hoc ngng chy m . Vt liu d|i tc ng ca la hay nhit cao khng bc chy khng m v khng b ccbon ha.

Tnh cht ca cu kin v kt cu xy dng gi |c kh nng chu la, cng nh| kh nng chng li s hnh thnh cc l hng v s nung nng n nhit ti hn v lan truyn ngn la. 5. Gii hn chu la Thi gian (tnh bng gi hoc pht) t khi bt u th chu la theo tiu chun cc mu cho ti lc xut hin mt trong cc A. Fire resistence level trng thi gii hn ca kt cu v cu kin. 6. Bc chu la c tr|ng chu la theo tiu chun ca nh v cng trnh |c A. Type of fire resisting xc nh bng gii hn chu la ca cc kt cu xy dng chnh. construction of a building 7. Nhit bc chy Nhit thp nht cu cht chy, nhit khi c ngun gy chy tc ng cht chy s bc chy c ngn la v tip tc chy A. Infflammation sau khi khng cn ngun gy chy. temperature 8. Gii hn nng bc chy Gii hn d|i hoc gii hn trn ca cht chy (hi, kh, bi A. Limited concentration of chy) trong hn hp ca n vi cht xy ha c th bc chy khi c tc ng ca ngun gy chy. inflammation 9. Gii hn nhit bc chy Gii hn d|i hoc gii hn trn ca cht chy t|ng ng vi A. Limited temperatuere of gii hn d|i v gii hn trn ca nng bc chy. inflammation 10. Tc lan truyn ca Khong cch lan truyn ca ngn la theo ph|ng ngang hoc m chy ph|ng ng trong mt n v thi gian. A. Fire spreading speed 11. Ngun gy chy Ngun nng l|ng dn n s chy ca vt cht. A. Firing source Burning 12. S chy Phn ng xy ha, ta nhit v pht sng. A. Burning 13. Ngn la Hnh dng bn ngoi biu hin s chy th kh hoc my bi A. Flame 14. Tia la Phn t nng sng ca vt cht b bn ra hoc phng in trong kh. A. Spark 15. S nung sng Trng thi nung nng cht rn, c tr|ng bi s ta nhit v pht sng

tiu chun vit nam

tcvn 2622 : 1995

A. Incandescence 16. S chy m Chy khng thnh ngn la ca cht rn hu c, th|ng xy ra khi khng oxy v to khi. A. Smolder 17. S ccbon ha S to thnh ccbon v tro do kt qu nhit phn hoc chy khng hon ton cc cht hu c A. Carbonization 18. S t chy S gy chy c ch nh v kim sot |c A. Combustion 19. m chy S chy khng kim sot |c, c th gy thit hi v ng|i, ti sn. A. Fire 20. Nguyn nhn gy ra m iu kin v (hoc) tnh trng trc tip gy ra m chy chy A. Fire cause 21. Nguy c chy Tnh trng c tr|ng bi kh nng trc tip pht sinh chy. A. Threat of fire 22. Nguy him chy Kh nng pht sinh v pht trin m chy c sn trong vt cht, trong tnh trng mi tr|ng hoc trong qu trnh no . A. Fire hazard 23. An ton chy Tnh trng hoc tnh cht ca cc sn phm, cc ph|ng php, ph|ng tin sn xut v cc khu vc m bo loi tr |c kh A. Fire safety nng pht sinh chy v hn ch |c hu qu khi chy xy ra nh cc bin php t chc, cc gii php k thut v cng ngh. 24. S thot nn S s tn ng|i t vng nguy him chy theo cc li thot ra vng an ton. A. Evacuation 25. K hoch thot nn Vn bn ch dn li, ca thot nn v quy nh cch ng x ca mi ng|i, nhim v ca nhng ng|i c trch nhim khi t A. Evacuation plan chc thot nn khi m chy. 26. H thng phng chy Tng hp tt c cc yu cu, cc bin php, cc ph|ng tin v cc ph|ng php nhm loi tr kh nng pht sinh m chy A. Fire prevention System Tng hp tt c cc yu cu, cc bin php, cc ph|ng tin v 27. H thng chng chy cc ph|ng php nhm ngn nga chy, hn ch lan truyn, m bo dp tt m chy, ngn chn cc yu t nguy him v c hi A. Fire protection system i vi ng|i, hn ch n mc thp nht thit hi v ti sn. Hot ng ca ng|i v ph|ng tin cha chy vi vic p dng 28. Cha chy cc ph|ng php ngn chn s lan truyn v dp tt m A.Fire fighting opetations chy. 29. Cht dp chy Cht c cc tnh cht l, ha to ra iu kin lm ngng chy v dp tt chy. A. Fire extinguishing agent 30. Cung cp n|c cha chy Tng hp cc bin php v ph|ng tin, dng c d tr v vn A. Fire fighting water supply chuyn n|c s dng cha chy. 31. Ph|ng php cha chy Ph|ng php s dng cc cht dp chy vi cc thit b cn thit v nhng ph|ng tin khc ngn chn s lan truyn v dp tt A. Method of fire fighting m chy. 32. Dp tt hon ton Hot ng ca ng|i v ph|ng tin cha chy, vi vic p dng cc ph|ng php nhm dp tt hon ton m chy v loi tr A. Fire liquidation kh nng chy tr li.

tiu chun vit nam 4.

tcvn 2622 : 1995

Ti liu trch dn 1. TCVN 2622: 1978. Phng chy, cha chy cho nh v cng trnh. YCTK 2. TCVN 5303: 1990. An ton chy. Thut ng v nh ngha 3. TCVN 4513: 1988. Cp n|c bn trong 4. TCVN 5760: 1993. H thng cha chy, yu cu chung thit k, lp t v s dng. 5. TCVN 5738: 1993. H thng bo chy. YCTK 5. Tnh chu la ca vt liu, cu kin xy dng ngi nh v cng trnh 5.1. Gii hn chu la ti thiu v mc chy ca cc cu kin xy dng ch yu ng vi bc chu la ca nh v cng trnh |c quy nh trong bng 2.

Bng 2
Gii hn chu la, (pht) Bc chu la ca ngi nh Ct t|ng chu lc, bung thang (2) 150 120 120 30 Chiu ngh, bc v cc cu kin khc ca thang (3) 60 60 60 15 T|ng ngoi khng chu lc (4) 30 15 15 15 T|ng trong khng chu lc (t|ng ngn) (5) 30 15 15 15 Tm lt v cc cu kin chu lc khc ca sn (6) 60 45 45 15 Tm lt v cc cu kin chu lc khc ca mi (7) 30 15 Khng quy nh Khng quy nh

(1) I II III IV V

Khng quy nh Ch thch: 1) Trong cc ngi nh c bc chu la III th sn tng mt v tng trn cng phi lm bng vt liu kh chy, sn tng hm hay tng chn t|ng phi lm bng vt liu khng chy, c gii hn chu la khng d|i 60 pht; 2) Trong cc ngi nh bc chu la IV, V th sn ca tng hm hay tng chn t|ng phi lm bng vt liu kh chy, c gii hn chu la d|i 45 pht; 3) Trong cc phng c sn xut, s dng hay bo qun cht lng d chy v chy |c sn phi lm bng vt liu khng chy; 4) i vi cc ngi nh c tng hm mi m kt cu chu lc ca mi l vt liu khng chy th cho php lp mi bng vt liu d chy m khng ph thuc vo bc chu la ca ngi nh; 5) i vi nhng ngi nh cch |ng xe la u my hi n|c d|i 30 m, th khng |c lp mi bng vt liu d chy;

tiu chun vit nam 5.2. 5.3.

tcvn 2622 : 1995

5.4.

Vic tng thm gii hn chu la ca mt vi cu kin xy dng khng th xem nh| nng bc chu la ca ngi nh hay cng trnh. i vi cc bc chu la I, II cho php khng theo gii hn chu la nh| quy nh trong bng 2 khi: a) Dng kt cu thp khng c bo v trong nh sn xut mt tng, m khng ph thuc vo tnh ton nguy him v chy ca hng sn xut b tr trong ; b) Dng kt cu thp khng c bo v trong nh sn xut nhiu tng khi b tr trong cc hng sn xut D v E; c) Dng kt cu thp trong nh sn xut nhiu tng khi trong b tr cc cng ngh sn xut hng A, B v C vi iu kin phi bo v kt cu thp bng vt liu chng chy c gii hn chu la khng d|i 45 pht tt c cc tng, tr tng trn cng; d) Dng kt cu thp che mi, tng hm, mi v sn trong cc nh, cng trnh cng cng bc chu la I, II m cc kt cu c bo v bng cc vt liu khng chy hoc sn chng chy, c gii hn chu la khng d|i 45 pht. i vi cc nh v cng trnh cng cng m|i tng tr ln th phi bo v cc kt cu bng vt liu chng chy, c gii hn chu la khng d|i 60 pht. Gii hn chu la (pht) ca cc cu kin ch yu bng g cc nh mt tng ca cng trnh nng nghip, cng trnh cng cng, nh kho, nh sn xut c bc chu la II |c quy nh trong bng 3. Bng 3 Cu kin g ch yu T|ng ngoi bng Mi tm panen treo 30 30 45 T|ng chu lc bn trong (vch ngn) 15

Bc chu la ca nh, cng trnh II

Ct 120

Ch thch: 1) i vi cc nh sn xut, nh v cng trnh cng cng, nh kho v hng sn xut B, cc cu kin nu trong bng 3 phi |c x l chng chy; 2) Khng cho php s dng cc kt cu g nu trn i vi cc nh sn xut, nh kho c hng sn xut A v B.

5.5.

Gii hn chu la ti thiu (pht) ca cc b phn ngn chy hay trong cc ngi nh thuc tt c nm bc chu la |c quy nh nh| sau:
Tn cc b phn ngn chy Gii hn chu la ti thiu, (pht) 150 70 45 40

1. T|ng ngn chy 2. Ca i, ca s, cng t|ng ngn chy 3. Vch ngn chy 4. Ca i, ca s v vch ngn chy, ca ngn chy phng m trong cc nh sn xut hng A, B, C, ca vo tng hm trn, ca mi chng chy. 5. Sn chng chy (sn gia cc t|ng, sn ca tng hm trn, sn trn tng hm, sn t|ng lng) cc nh bc chu la I. 6. Sn chng chy (sn gia cc tng, sn ca tng hm trn, sn trn tng hm, sn tng lng) cc nh bc chu la II, III, IV.

60 45

tiu chun vit nam

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5.6.

Cc b phn ngn chy phi lm bng vt liu khng chy. Ca i, ca s, ca mi, mt sn, t|ng ngn lng, vt liu trang tr trn trn trn t|ng trong cc ngi nh thuc tt c cc bc chu la cho php lm bng vt liu d chy, tr nhng b phn, kt cu nu iu 5.5. Nhng b phn chu lc ca cu thang trong cc nh c bc chu la I, II v III (dm chiu ngh, cn thang, bc thang) phi lm bng vt liu khng chy c gii hn chu la t nht 60 pht. Trong cc ngi nh hai tng kiu cn h, cho php lm bc thang, chiu ngh bng g. T|ng, t|ng ngn v sn ca bung thang my v bung b phn my nng b tr trong nh thuc bt k bc chu la no phi lm bng vt liu khng chy vi gii hn chu la t nht 60 pht. Nu thang my b tr ngoi nh th khng d|i 30 pht. Trong mi ca cc nh thuc bc chu la I, II cho php s dng vt liu d chy cch nhit trn b mt ca cc tm b tng, x b tng v cc tm fibr ximng. Lp cch nhit trong mi tn hoc kim loi phi lm bng vt liu kh chy hoc khng chy. cc nh sn xut mt v hai tng thuc bc chu la I v II, nh kho 1 tng thuc bc chu la II c cu kin xy dng bng thp khng c lp bo v cho php s dng cch nhit bng vt liu d chy trn b mt cc tm thp, fibr xi mng cng nh| cc tm panen rng. i vi nh sn xut, nh kho thuc hng sn xut A, B, C c th s dng h thng t ng t|i mt bng n|c. Khng cho php s dng cc vt liu tng hp d chy cch nhit nhng ngi nh ny.

5.7.

5.8.

5.9.

5.10. T|ng ngoi ca cc nh mt, hai tng thuc bc chu la II, III lm bng thp tm hoc tm fibr xi mng th lp cch nhit phi s dng vt liu kh chy. 5.11. Trong nh kiu cn h t ba tng tr ln, t|ng ngn gia cc n nguyn phi lm bng vt liu khng chy c gii hn chu la t nht 60 pht. T|ng ngn gia cc cn h phi lm bng vt liu khng chy c gii hn chu la t nht 40 pht. trong nh c bc chu la II, III cao d|i su tng, cho php t|ng ngn gia cc phng ca cng mt cn h lm bng vt liu kh chy vi gii hn chu la t nht 15 pht. 5.12. T|ng ngn bao che hnh lang gia ca nh c bc chu la I, phi lm bng vt liu khng chy vi gii hn chu la t nht 30 pht v ca nh c bc chu la II, III, IV phi lm bng vt liu khng chy hay kh chy vi gii hn chu la t nht 15 pht. Ring vi nh c bc chu la II ca hng sn xut D, E c th bao che hnh lang bng t|ng knh. 5.13. Trong cc ngi nh c bc chu la I, II, III. Sn v trn ca tng hm, tng chn t|ng phi lm bng vt liu khng chy vi gii hn chu la t nht 90 pht. 5.14. Trong cc ngi nh c bc chu la I, II, III cao t ba tng tr ln, sn ca bung thang, tin snh c li i t thang ra ca ngoi phi c gii hn chu la t nht 60 pht.
Ch thch: 1) Nh c bc chu la III cao n ba tng cho php sn, ca bung thang v tin snh c gii hn chu la 45 pht, nu c li ra ngoi trc tip;

tiu chun vit nam

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2) Trong rp chiu bng, cu lc b, nh vn ha, hi tr|ng c bc chu la II th sn ca phng khn gi v phng i phi lm bng vt liu khng chy c gii hn chu la t nht 60 pht; 3) Sn v trn cc kho thit b sn khu phi lm bng vt liu khng chy vi gii hn chu la t nht 60 pht; 4) Trong bnh vin, nh khm, cha bnh, nh h sinh, rp chiu bng, cu lc b, nh vn ha, ca hng khi c nhng gian b tr ni hi v cht t d chy th sn v trn Ca nhng gian ny phi lm bng vt liu khng chy v c gii hn chu la t nht 90 pht cho nh v bc chu la II v III, cn i vi nh c bc chiu la IV v V th gii hn chu la t nht 60 pht; 5) Trong cc cng trnh c bc chu la IV v V nu c tng hm v tng chn t|ng th sn trn cc tng phi lm bng vt liu khng chy, c gii hn chu la t nht 60 pht; 6) Trong hi tr|ng, gian khn gi, phng hp, nu c tng hm, mi th sn ca tng hm mi phi lm bng vt liu kh chy vi gii hn chu la t nht 60 pht.

5.15. Khung ca trn treo phi lm bng vt liu khng chy. Tm lt, trn treo cho php s dng vt liu d chy tr cc tm trn hnh lang chung, cu thang, bung thang, tin snh, phng ngh, phng i ca cc ngi nh c bc chu la I n IV. Trong khong trng gia trn treo v mi, khng |c t mng, |ng ng dn kh, hn hp bi, cht lng v vt liu d chy. 5.16. Cc cu trc to nn dc sn trong cc phng phi ph hp vi gii hn chu la ca cc tm, mt lt v cc cu kin chu la ca sn quy nh bng 2. 5.17. Trong cc phng sn xut c s dng hoc bo qun cc cht lng d chy, sn phi lm bng vt liu khng chy. Trong cc ngi nh thuc tt c cc bc chu la, tr bc chu la V, khng cho php thc hin cng tc hon thin p lt t|ng v ca hnh lang chnh, bung thang, tin snh, phng i, phng khch bng vt liu d chy. Khng cho php lp t sn tin snh bung thang, phng m bung thang bng vt liu d chy. Trong cc nh c bc chu la I n III khng cho php s dng vt liu d chy v kh chy hon thin mt t|ng ngoi. Ca ca cc t t|ng t hng cha chy cho php lm bng vt liu d chy. 5.18. Trong khu vc cng nghip, cc cng trnh thuc bt k hng sn xut no khi bt u sn xut, u khng |c s dng cc loi nh tm bng vt liu d chy. 6. Cc b phn ngn chy 6.1. Cc b phn ngn chy ca ngi nh bao gm: T|ng, vch ngn chy, sn ngn chy, vng ngn chy; khoang ngn chy; l ca v ca ngn chy, van ngn cch. 6.2. Cc b phn ngn chy phi lm bng vt liu khng chy. Ca i, ca s, l ca v cc cu trc b tr cc b phn ngn chy phi |c lm t vt khng chy hoc kh chy vi gii hn chu la quy nh. 6.3. T|ng ngn chy phi |c xy t mng hay dm mng n ht chiu cao ca ngi nh, ct qua tt c cc cu trc v cc tng. Cho php t t|ng ngn chy trc tip ln kt cu khung lm t vt liu khng chy ca nh hay cng trnh vi iu kin gii hn chu la ca phn khung tip gip vi t|ng ngn chy khng |c thp hn gii hn chu la ca t|ng ngn chy.

tiu chun vit nam 6.4.

tcvn 2622 : 1995

T|ng ngn chy phi cao hn mt mi 60 cm nu mi hoc mt trong cc b phn ca mi v tng hm mi lm t vt liu d chy, khng t hn 30 cm nu lm bng vt liu kh chy. Cho php xy ngn chy khng v|t qu ln trn mi nu tt c cc b phn ca mi v tng hm mi lm bng vt liu khng chy.
Ch thch: T|ng ngn hay vch ngn chy, trong cc phng c trn treo, trn gi phi ngn chia c khng gian pha trn ca trn.

6.5.

6.6.

6.7.

6.8. 6.9.

Trong ngi nh c t|ng ngoi bng vt liu kh chy hay d chy th t|ng ngn chy phi ct qua cc bc t|ng y v nh ra khi mt t|ng khng t hn 30 cm. Cho php t|ng ngn chy khng nh ra mt t|ng ngoi nu t|ng ngoi |c lm bng vt liu khng chy. L ca b tr trn mt t|ng tip gip vi t|ng ngn chy phi cch ch giao nhau gia hai t|ng ny theo chiu ngang t nht 4m v cnh ca phi c gii hn chu la t nht 45 pht. Trong t|ng ngn chy, cho php b tr cc |ng ng dn khi, thng gi, ch tip gip gia t|ng v |ng ng phi |c bt kn bng va v gii hn chu la ca t|ng ch t |ng ng khng d|i 150 pht. Thit k t|ng ngn chy phi tnh ton m bo bn vng khi c s ph hy t mt pha do chy ca sn, mi hay cc kt cu khc. Sn ngn chy phi gn kn vi t|ng ngoi lm t vt liu khng chy. Khi t|ng ngoi ca ngi nh c kh nng lan truyn chy hoc c lp knh th sn ngn chy phi ct qua t|ng v phn lp knh .

6.10. Trong mi tr|ng hp, cho php thay i t|ng ngn chy bng vng ngn chn chy vi chiu rng khng nh hn 12m. Vng ngn chy l khong m chia ngi nh theo sut chiu rng (chiu di) v chiu cao. Cc phng trong vng ngn chy khng |c s dng hay bo qun cc cht kh, cht lng v vt liu d chy cng nh| cc qu trnh to ra bi d chy. Gii hn chu la ca cc cu kin v b phn ca ngi nh trong vng ngn chy phi m bo: - 45 pht i vi t|ng ngn gia vng ngn chy v cc khu vc khc - 15 pht i vi vch ngn - 150 pht i vi ct - 45 pht i vi sn, mi v t|ng ngoi.
Ch thch: Trong cc ngi nh mt tng c bc chu la III, IV, V khng s dng bao quan cc cht kh, cht lng d chy cng nh| khng c cc qu trnh to ra bi d chy cho php thay th t|ng ngn chy bng vng ngn chy vi chiu rng khng nh hn 6m.

6.11. Trn ranh gii vng ngn chy vi cc khu vc khc phi c t|ng ngn chy vi gii hn chu la khng t hn 45 pht v cc tm ngn thang ng bng vt liu khng chy trong gii hn chiu cao ca cc kt cu chu lc ca mi nh|ng khng nh hn l,5m. 6.12. Cc gii php kt cu ca vng ngn chy cc cng trnh theo thit k, phi m bo cc chc nng ca vng ngn chy khi cc kt cu ni vi n b ph hy mt pha do chy. 6.13. Trong cc b phn ngn chy, |c php t cc loi ca i, ca s, cng, l ca v van vi iu kin l cc loi ca v van ngn chy hoc c khong m ngn chy. Din tch chung ca cc loi ca v l trong b phn ngn chy khng |c v|t qu

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6.14.

6.15. 6.16.

6.17.

25% din tch ca b phn , ca i v cng ngn chy phi l loi t ng kn, ca s chy phi l loi khng t m. T|ng, sn, ca ca khoang m phi l loi ngn chy. Trong khoang m, |c lm ca kn t vt liu d chy vi chiu dy khng nh hn 4 cm nu cc ca ny m vo cc phng m trong khng s dng, bo qun cc cht v vt liu d chy cng nh| khng c qu trnh lin quan n vic to ra cc bi d chy. Khng |c php t cc |ng ng, cc m|ng ging vn chuyn cc cht chy th kh, lng, rn cng nh| bi v cc vt liu d chy i qua t|ng, sn v vng ngn chy. Cc |ng ng, knh, ging (ngoi tr ng dn n|c, hi n|c) vn chuyn cc cht v vt liu khc vi nhng loi nu iu 15, khi ct qua t|ng, sn v vng ngn chy phi t cc thit b t ng ngn chn s lan truyn cc sn phm chy trong cc knh ging v |ng ng khi c chy. Cc cu trc bao quanh ging thang v phng t my ca thang my, cc knh, ging, hc t|ng t cc |ng ng dn phi m bo yu cu ca t|ng, vch v sn ngn chy vi gii hn chu la khng t hn 60 pht.
Ch thch: Khi khng c kh nng lp t t|ng bao ca ging thang my cc ca ngn chy, phi t khoang m vi cc vch ngn chy c gii hn chu la 45 pht.

7. Li thot nn 7.1. Li thot nn phi m bo mi ng|i trong phng, ngi nh thot ra an ton, khng b khi bi che ph, trong thi gian cn thit s tn khi xy ra chy. 7.2. Cc li ra |c coi l thot nn nu chng tha mn mt trong cc iu kin sau: a) Dn t cc phng ca tng mt ra ngoi trc tip hoc qua hnh lang, tin snh, bung thang; b) Dn t cc phng ca bt k tng no, khng k tng mt, n hnh lang dn n bung thang, k c i qua ngn m. Khi cc bung thang phi c li ra ngoi trc tip hay qua tin snh |c ngn cch vi cc hnh lang bng vch ngn c ca i; c) Dn n cc phng bn cnh cng mt tng c li ra nh| mc a v b. Khi t cc li ra thot nn t hai bung thang qua tin snh chung th mt trong hai bung thang phi c li ra ngoi trc tip ngoi li vo tin snh. Cc li ra ngoi cho php t thng qua ngn ca m; Cc li ra t tng hm, tng chn ct phi trc tip ra ngoi. 7.3. Li ra c th l ca i, hnh lang hoc li i dn ti cu thang trong hay cu thang ngoi ti hin dn ra |ng ph hay mi nh, hay c khu vc an ton. Li ra cn bao gm c li i ngang dn sang cng trnh lin cng cao. 7.4. Thang my v cc ph|ng tin chuyn ng|i khc khng |c coi l li thot nn. 7.5. Cc li ra phi d nhn thy v |ng dn ti li ra phi |c nh du r rng bng k hiu h|ng dn. 7.6. Khng |c lp g|ng gn li ra. 7.7. S li thot nn ra khi ngi nh khng |c t hn hai; cc li thot nn phi |c b tr phn tn. Khong cch xa nht t ni tp trung ng|i n li thot nn gn nht |c quy nh trong bng 4, 5.

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Bng 4 - Khong cch xa nht t ch lm vic n li thot gn nht trong nh sn xut

Hng sn xut A B C Khong cch xa nht cho php trong nh, (m) Bc chu la I v II I v II III IV V I v II III IV V I v II III IV V Cu kin xy dng ch yu ca ngi nh (t|ng, ct, sn phi l vt liu khng chy) Mt tng 50 100 80 50 50 100 50 50 Khng quy nh 100 60 50 100 Nh nhiu tng Hai tng 40 75 60 30 Khng quy nh 60 40 Khng quy nh 75 50 40 80 Trn hai tng 40 75 60 Khng quy nh 60 75 75 75 75

Ch thch: 1) Khong cch quy nh trong bng ny, c th p dng cho tng mt ca nh nhiu tng nh| i vi nh mt tng; 2) Khong cch quy nh trong bng ny, cho php tng 5% nu din tch bnh qun mt ch lm vic ca ca lm vic ng nht trn 75m2; 3) i vi cc phng c li vo hnh lang ct, th khong cch gn nht t ca i ca phng n li thot trc tip ra ngoi, vo tin snh hay bung thang khng qu 25m; 4) Khong cch quy nh trong bng ny, |c tnh c chiu di hnh lang gia nu hnh lang gia |c coi l li thot nn; 5) Trong nh sn xut mt tng, bc chu la I v II vi sn xut thuc hng C, khi khng p dng |c quy nh trong bng 5 th li thot nn phi b tr theo chu vi ngi nh v khong cch khng qu 75m.

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Bng 5 - Khong cch xa nht t ni tp trung ng|i n li thot nn gn nht trong cc cng trnh dn dng
Khong cch xa nht cho php (m) T nhng gian phng gia hai li thot Bc chu la Nh ph tr trong cng trnh cng nghip (2) 50 50 30 25 20 T nhng cn phng c li vo hnh lang gia hay hnh lang bn ct Cc cng trnh nu ct 2, 3, 4, 5 (7) 25 25 15 12 10

Nh tr mu gio

Bnh vin

Cng trnh cng cng (5) 40 40 30 25 20

Nh tp th

Nh tp th cn h

(1) I II III IV V

(3) 20 20 15 12 10

(4) 30 30 25 20 15

(6) 40 40 30 25 20

(8) 25 25 20 15 10

Ch thch: 1) Trong cng trnh c khn gi, khong cch quy nh trong bng 5 phi tnh t ch ngi xa nht n li thot gn nht; 2) Khong cch t ca i cc gian ph trong nh sn xut n, li ra ngoi hay bung thang gn nht khng |c v|t qua khong cch quy nh t ch lm vic xa nht n li thot nn trong nh sn xut mt tng, c bc chu la t|ng |ng quy nh bng 4.

7.8.

7.9.

i vi phng c din tch n 300m2 tng hm hay tng chn ct cho php ch t mt li ra nu s ng|i th|ng xuyn trong phng khng qu nm ng|i. Khi s ng|i t su n mi lm cho php t li ra th hai thng qua ca c kch th|c khng nh 0,6 x 0,8m, c cu thang thng ng hoc qua ca i c kch th|c khng nh hn 0,75 x l,5m. Phi t lan can hoc t|ng chn trn mi nhng ngi nh c cc iu kin sau:
dc mi, (%) 12 12 Chiu cao t mt t n nh t|ng ngoi hay mi hin, (m) 10 7

Phi t lan can dc t|ng chn cho mi bng (khi mi |c s dng), ban cng, l gia hnh lang ngoi, cu thang ngoi tri, chiu ngh cu thang. 7.10. i vi cc ngi nh c chiu cao tnh t mt t san nn n mi ua hay nh t|ng ngoi (t|ng chn mi) t l0m tr ln phi t cc li ln mi t bung thang (trc tip hay qua tng hm mi, hoc thang cha chy ngoi tri).

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i vi nh , nh cng cng v nh hnh chnh - phc v c tng hm mi phi t li ln mi mi khong l00 mt chiu di ngi nh, vi ni khng c tng hm mi phi t mt li ra cho mi din tch mi khong l000m2. i vi nh sn xut, kho, c mt khong 200 mt theo chu vi mi nh phi t mt thang cha chy. Cho php khng t thang cha chy mt chnh ngi nh nu chiu rng ngi nh khng qu 150 m v pha tr|c ngi nh c |ng cp n|c cha chy. Khi xc nh s li ra cn thit ln mi cho php tnh n c cc thang bn ngoi khc c li ln mi. cc tng hm mi ca ngi nh phi t cc li ln mi c thang c nh qua ca i l ca hay ca s c kch th|c khng nh hn 0,6 x 0,8m. Cho php khng t li ln mi cc nh mt tng vi mi c din tch nh hn l00m2. 7.11. Tr|c cc li ra t bung thang ln mi hay tng hm mi cu thang phi t chiu ngh. nh , nh cng cng, nh hnh chnh phc v c chiu cao n nm cho php t cc li ra ln tng hm mi hay mi t bung thang qua l ca chng chy c mc chu la 36 pht kch th|c 0,6 x 0,8m c bc thang thp gn c nh. Trn mi nh, khng ph thuc vo chiu cao ngi nh, nhng ni c chnh lch cao hn mt mt (k c ni ln mi ca ly sng) phi t thang cha chy loi h. Thang cha chy phi b tr ni d thy, d ti, bc thang thp nht cch mt t 2m. Tnh t mt nn. Nu phi ln ti cao n 20m th thang thp t thng ng c chiu rng 0,7m, t cao l0m phi c cung trn bo him bn knh 0,35m vi tm cch thang 0,45m t cch nhau 0,7m, c chiu ngh ni ra mi v quanh chiu ngh c lan can cao t nht 0,6m. Nu phi ln cao trn 20m dng thang thp t nghing vi dc khng qu 800, chiu rng 0,7m, c chiu ngh t cch nhau khng qu 8m v c tay vn. Tr|ng hp s dng thang cha chy bn ngoi lm li thot nn th hai, thang phi rng 0,7m c dc khng qu 60o v c tay vn. Trong nh sn xut v cc nh ca cng trnh cng cng (k c nh ph tr ca cng trnh cng nghip) chiu rng tng cng ca ca thot nn ca v thang hay li i trn |ng thot nn phi tnh theo s ng|i tng ng nht (khng k tng mt) theo quy nh chiu rng nh nht nh| sau: a) i vi nh mt tng n hai tng: tnh 0,8 m cho l00 ng|i; b) i vi nh t ba tng tr ln: tnh l m cho l00 ng|i; c) i vi phng khn gi (rp ht, rp chiu bng, rp xic, hi tr|ng...): tnh 0,55m cho l00 ng|i.
Ch thch: Trong phng khn gi bc chu la III, IV, Vchiu rng tng cng ca ca i, v thang hay li i trn |ng thot nn phi tnh 0,8m cho 100 ng|i.

7.12.

7.13.

7.14. 7.15.

7.16. Khi ca i ca cc phng m ra hnh lang chung, chiu rng tnh ton ca li thot nn |c ly nh| sau: Khi m mt pha hnh lang: ly bng chiu rng hnh lang tr i na chiu rng cnh ca;

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Khi ca m hai pha hnh lang: ly bng chiu rng hnh lang tr i chiu rng cnh ca. 7.17. Chiu rng thng thy nh nht cho php ca li thot nn |c quy nh nh| sau: Li thot nn Li i Hnh lang Ca i V thang Chiu rng nh nht cho php, (m) 1 1,4 0,8 1,05

Ch thch: 1) Chiu rng li i n ch lm vic bit lp |c php gim n 0,7m. Chiu rng v thang chiu ngh vo tng hm, tng hm mi v cu thang thot nn cho khng qu 60 ng|i |c php gim n 0,90m; 2) Chiu rng hnh lang trong nh |c php gim n 1,20m khi chiu di on hnh lang thng khng qu 40m; Trong khch sn, tr|ng hc chiu rng hnh lang gia t nht 1,60m; 3) Chiu rng ca chiu ngh cu thang khng |c nh hn chiu rng v thang. Chiu rng chiu ngh tr|c li vo thang my c ca m y ngang khng |c nh hn l,60m. Chiu rng chiu ngh cu thang trong cc cng trnh phng v cha bnh, nh h sinh khng |c nh hn 1,90m. Gia cc v thang phi c khe h hp nht 50mm.

7.18. Chiu cao thng thy ca ca i cc li thot nn khng nh hn 2m. Chiu cao ca ca v li i dn n cc phng khng th|ng xuyn c ng|i cng nh| n cc tng ngm, tng chn t|ng v tng k thut cho, php gim n l,90m. Chiu cao cc ca i dn ra tng st mi hay mi (khi khng c tng st mi) cho php gim n 1,50m. 7.19. cc hnh lang chung khng cho php t cc t t|ng ngoi tr cc t k thut v hp t hng cu ha. Khng cho php t cu thang xoy c, bc thang r qut; ca xp, ca y, ca nng, ca quay trn li thot nn. 7.20. Trong bung thang dng thot nn khng |c b tr cc phng vi bt k chc nng no. Khng |c b tr bt k b phn no nh ra khi mt t|ng cao n 2,2m cch mt bc cu thang v chiu ngh. 7.21. cc ngi nh c bc chu la I v II cho php t cu thang bn trong kiu h (khng c t|ng ngn thnh bung thang) t tin snh n tng 2 nu tin snh |c ngn cch vi hnh lang k cc phng bn cnh bng vch ngn chng chy c gii hn chu la 45 pht. 7.22. Cc cu thang ngoi kiu h nh dng lm li thot nn d phng phi |c lm t vt liu khng chy v thng vi cc phng qua chiu ngh hoc ban cng cng cao ca li thot nn. Cu thang trn phi c dc khng ln hn 45o v chiu rng khng nh hn 0,7m. Cc ca i, ca li ra cu thang loi ny khng |c c kha hay cc cht chn t pha ngoi.

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7.23. Khng cho php t cc l ca (tr l ca i) cc t|ng trong ca bung thang. cc l ly nh sng cho bung thang |c lp tm khi thy tinh, phi t khung m |c c din tch khng nh hn l,2m2 mi tng. 7.24. Ca i trn |ng thot nn phi m ra pha ngoi nh. Ca i ra ban cng, ra sn, ra chiu ngh ca cu thang ngoi tri dng thot nn, ca ra khi cc phng th|ng xuyn khng qu 15 ng|i, ca i ra khi cc kho c din tch khng ln hn 200m2, Ca i ca trm y t, nh v sinh cho php thit k m vo pha trong phng. 7.25. Trong nh t l0 tng tr ln phi thit k bung thang vi bin php bo m khng t khi khi c chy. Ti tng mt bung thang phi c li trc tip ra ngoi tri. 7.26. Trong cc nh cao tng t l0 tng tr ln hnh lang phi |c ngn ra tng on khng di hn 60m bng vch ngn chng chy gii hn chu la nh nht l 15 pht. Cc hnh lang, phng m, snh phi |c t h thng thng gi v van m t ng hot ng khi c chy thot khi. 8. 8.1. Yu cu v giao thng v khong cch PCCC Yu cu v khong cch PCCC gia cc ngi nh v cng trnh cng nh| |ng giao thng phc v cho vic cha chy phi |c gii quyt kt hp vi yu cu ca quy hoch khu vc ni t cng trnh. Khong cch PCCC gia nh v cng trnh l khong cch thng thy gia t|ng ngoi hay kt cu pha ngoi ca cc cng trnh . Tr|ng hp ngi nh c cc kt cu nh ra khi mt ngoi t|ng trn lm v bng vt liu d chy th khong cch PCCC l khong cch gia hai mp ngoi kt cu . i vi nh , nh dn dng khong cch PCCC gia cc ngi nh |c quy nh trong bng 6. Bng 6
Khong cch n ngi nh th hai c bc chu la, (m) I v II 6 8 10 10 III 8 8 10 10 IV 10 10 12 15 V 10 10 15 15

8.2.

8.3.

Bc chu la ca ngi nh th nht I v II III IV V

Ch thch: 1) Khong cch phng chy gia cc u hi nh khng quy nh nu t|ng hi ca ngi nh cao nht l t|ng ngn chy; 2) i vi nhng ngi nh hai tng, kt cu kiu khung v lp ghp tm thuc bc chu la V, th khong cch quy nh trong bng phi tng 20%; 3) i vi cc vng ni, cc a ph|ng c gi kh nng (gi Ty Nam tiu vng kh hu xy dng IIB trong tiu chun thit k TCXD 49-72) khong cch gia nh, cng trnh c bt k bc chu la no n nh v cng trnh c bc chu la IV v Vphi tng 25%; 4) Khi t|ng ngoi i din ca hai ngi nh khng c l ca th khong cch phng chy quy nh trong bng 6 cho php gim 20%.

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8.7.

Cc |ng ph chnh, |ng khu vc phi cch t|ng nh v nh cng cng khng d|i 5m pha c li vo nh. Khong cch gia cc |ng khu vc xuyn qua hoc xen gia cc ngi nh phi bo m khng qu 180m. |ng ct mt ln xe khng |c di qu 150m, cui |ng phi c bi quay xe vi din tch: - Hnh tam gic u, cnh khng nh hn 7m - Hnh vung c kch th|c cnh khng nh hn 12 x 12m - Hnh trn, |ng knh khng nh hn l0m. |ng giao thng khu vc xuyn qua ngi nh, qua cng hay hnh lang, phi bo m: Chiu rng thng thy, khng nh hn 3,5m Chiu cao thng thy, khng nh hn 4,25m i vi cng trnh cng nghip, khong cch PCCC gia cc ngi nh |c quy nh trong bng 7. Bng 7
Khong cch gia cc nh v cng trnh, (m) Bc chu la ca nh hay cng trnh bn cnh I O II (2) - Khng quy nh i vi nh v cng trnh hng sn xut D v E 9- (i vi nh v cng trnh hng sn xut A, B, C) 9 12 III (3) 9 IV O V (4) 12

8.8.

Bc chu la ca ngi nh hay cng trnh (1) I + II

III IV + V

12 15

15 18

Ch thch: i vi ngi nh v cng trnh c bc chu la I v II vi hng sn xut A, B v C quy nh trong bng 7, th khong cch gia cc ngi nh v cng trnh |c gim t 9m xung 6m nu c mt trong cc iu kin sau: a) |c b tr h thng bo chy t ng c nh; b) Khi khi l|ng cc cht d chy th|ng xuyn c trong nh t 10 kg/m2 sn tr xung.

8.9.

Trong cng trnh cng nghip, b tr |ng giao thng n tng ngi nh phi kt hp gia yu cu ca cng ngh vi |ng cho xe cha chy bn ngoi. 8.10. |ng cho xe cha chy bn ngoi phi bo m: Chy dc theo mt pha nh khi chiu rng nh nh hn 18m Chy c theo hai pha nh, khi chiu rng nh bng hay ln hn 18m 8.11. |ng giao thng cho xe cha chy hot ng phi bo m: - Rng khng nh hn 3,5m

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- Mt |ng gia c phi bo m thot n|c t nhin b mt. 8.12. Khong cch t t|ng nh ti mp |ng cho xe cha chy hot ng khng ln hn 25m.
Ch thch: 1) C th b tr |ng ct cho xe cha chy hot ng khi cui |ng c bi quay xe theo yu cu nu iu 8.6; 2) Phi b tr |ng dn ti ni ly n|c cha chy (h, ao, sng, b n|c...).

Ti v tr ly n|c phi c bi quay xe theo yu cu nu iu 8.6. 8.13. Khong cch ti thiu t cc kho l thin c cha vt liu d chy n cc ngi nh cng trnh |c quy nh trong bng 8. Bng 8
Khong cch t kho n nh v cng trnh, (m) Kho I O II (1) Than khi l|ng: - D|i 1000 tn - T 1000 tn n d|i 100.000 tn Than bn cm: - T 1000 tn n d|i 100.000 tn - D|i 1000 tn Than bn cc: - T 1000 tn n d|i 100.000 tn - D|i 1000 tn Ci g (g trn, g x): - T 1000m3 n d|i 10.000m3 V bo, mt c|a: - T 1.000m3 n 5.000m3 - D|i 1000m3 Cht lng d chy: - T 1.000m3 n d|i 2.000m3 - T 600m3 n d|i 1.000m3 - D|i 600m3 Cht lng chy |c: - T 5.000m3 n d|i 10.000m3 - T 3.000m3 n d|i 5.000 m3 - D|i 3.000 m3 - D|i 1.000 m3 (2) Khng quy nh 6 24 18 18 12 15 18 13 30 24 18 30 24 18 12 Bc chu la III (3) 6 6 30 24 18 15 24 30 13 30 24 18 30 24 18 15 IV O V (4) 12 12 36 30 24 18 30 36 24 36 30 24 36 30 24 18

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Ch thch: 1) Khng quy nh khong cch t cc ngi nh hay cng trnh n cc kho sau y: - kho than d|i 100 tn - kho cht lng d chy v chy |c, c dung l|ng d|i 100m3hoc kho than hay than bn cm, than bn cc c dung l|ng d|i 1.000 tn m t|ng nh v pha cc kho ny l t|ng ngn chy; 2) i vi cc kho g, kho than, khi xp cao hn 2,5m, khong cch ti thiu ch dn trong bng 8 i vi nh v cng trnh c bc chu la IV v Vphi tng 28%; 3) Khong cch trong bng 8 t kho than bn cm, than bn cc, kho g, kho cht lng d chy v chy |c n nh v cng trnh c hng sn xut A v B cng nh| n nh v nh cng cng phi tng 25%; 4) Khong cch t trm phn phi kh t n nh v cng trnh bn cnh, |c p dng im 6 ca bng.

9. Gii php kt cu, cng ngh v thit b 9.1. S tng nh chiu di gii hn, din tch xy dng ln nht theo bc chu la ca cc cng trnh dn dng |c quy nh trong bng 9. Bng 9
Bc chu la Chiu di gii hn ln nht ca ngi nh, (m) S tng C t|ng ngn chy Khng quy nh Khng quy nh 140 100 100 80 Khng c t|ng ngn chy 110 90 70 50 50 40 Din tch xy dng ln nht cho php, (m2) C t|ng ngn chy Khng quy nh Khng quy nh 2.800 2.000 2.000 1.600 Khng c t|ng ngn chy 2200 1.800 1.400 1.000 1.000 800

I O II III IV IV V V

Khng quy nh 1O5 1 2 1 2

Ch thch: Nh kiu n nguyn vi bc chu la I v II c kt cu chu lc ca mi khng chy th cho php khng xy dng t|ng ngn chy.

9.2.

Bc chu la cn thit v s tng gii hn ca nh tr mu gio, bnh vin, nh h sinh, tr|ng hc, ca hng, hi tr|ng, nh vn ha, cu lc b, rp chiu bng ty thuc quy m cng trnh v |c quy nh trong bng 10.

tiu chun vit nam Bng 10

Tn cng trnh v quy m Nh tr mu gio: a) D|i 50 chu b) Trn 50 chu Bnh vin, nh h sinh: a) D|i 50 gi|ng b)Trn 50 gi|ng c) Khng ph thuc s gi|ng Nh hc: a) D|i 360 ch b) T 360 n 720 ch c) T 720 ch tr ln Cng trnh vn ha (rp chiu bng, rp ht...) a) D|i 800 ch b) Trn 800 ch Hi tr|ng, cu lc b, nh vn ha: a)D|i 300 ch b)T 300 ch n 800 ch c) Trn 800 ch Cng trnh th|ng nghip (bch ha, l|ng thc, thc phm) khng ph thuc vo quy m Bc chu la ca cng trnh V O IV III O II V O IV III II V O IV III II

tcvn 2622 : 1995

S tng hn ch

1 tng 2 tng 1 tng 2 tng Khng quy nh 1 tng 2 tng 4 tng

III II

2 tng Khng quy nh

V O IV III II V IV III II

1 tng 3 tng Khng quy nh 1 tng 2 tng 3 tng Khng quy nh

9.3.

9.4.

Trong nh , khi c b tr cc phng s dng cng cng (ca hng, phng sinh hot chung, nh tr, mu gio), th cc phng ny phi ngn cch vi phng bng t|ng v sn khng chy, vi gii hn chu la khng d|i 45 pht. S tng ti a cho php, bc chu la cn thit ca ngi nh v din tch sn ti a cho php gia cc t|ng ngn chy theo hng sn xut, phi theo quy nh ca bng 11.

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Hng sn xut

S tng ti a cho php 6 6 6 6 Khng quy nh

Bc chu la ca ngi nh I II II II I O II III IV V I O II III IV V I + II III IV V Xem bng 4

Din tch sn ti a gia cc t|ng ngn chy, (m2) Nh 1 tng Nh 2 tng Khng quy nh Nh cao trn 2 tng

1. A v B 2. A v B (trong tr|ng hp khng sn xut ha cht v ch bin du kh) 3. A (c sn xut ha cht v ch bin du kh) 4. B (c sn xut ha cht v ch bin du kh)

Khng quy nh

5.200 10.400

3.500 7.800

Khng quy nh 5.200 2.600 1.200 6.500 3.500 1.500 3.500 Khng quy nh 2.500 3.500 2.600

5. C

3 1 1 Khng quy nh 3 1 1 Khng quy nh 3 1 1 Khng quy nh

6. D

7. E

8. F

Khng quy nh 6.500 3.500 7.800 3.500 2.600 Khng quy nh

Ch thch: 1) Cc gian sn xut c cc thit b cha chy t ng (Kiu mn n|c hay kiu xi n|c) din tch sn gia cc t|ng ngn chy cho php tng 100% so vi tiu chun quy nh bng 11; 2) Khi cc phng hoc gian sn xut |c trang b cc thit b bo chy t ng, th din tch sn gia cc t|ng ngn chy cho php tng 25 %, so vi tiu chun quy nh bng 11; 3) Din tch sn tng mt gia cc t|ng ngn chy ca nh nhiu tng, ly theo tiu chun ca nh mt tng khi trn mt c gii hn chu la 150 pht; 4) i vi cc ngi nh bc chu la II, trong c lin quan n sn xut ch bin g, th din tch sn gia cc t|ng ngn chy khng quy nh i vi nh mt tng. i vi nh hai tng, din tch sn gia hai t|ng ngn chy ti a l 7800m2, cn i vi nh nhiu tng hn th din tch sn gia hai t|ng ngn chy ti a l 5200m2;

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5) Trong cc ngi nh sn xut mt tng c bc chu la I v II, cho php khng thit k t|ng ngn chy. Quy nh ny khng p dng i vi nh c bc chu la II m trong sn xut ha cht, ch bin gia cng du kh, hoc cc kho cha vt liu hay sn phm d chy; cc ngi nh sn xut gia cng ch bin g; 6) Trong cc ngi nh mt tng, bc chu la II, IV, V do yu cu k thut c th thit k cc vng ngn chy |c ly theo tiu chun nh| gia hai t|ng ngn chy quy nh trong bng 11.

9.5.

Tr|ng hp nhiu hng sn xut t trong cng mt ngi nh, hoc mt phn ca ngi nh |c gii hn gia hai t|ng ngn chy, bc chu la cng nh| s tng cho php ca ngi nh, phi xc nh theo hng sn xut c mc nguy him nht v chy n b tr trong .
Ch thch: Khi din tch v khi tch cc phng c mc nguy him nht v chy, n khng ln qu 5% so vi din tch v khi tch ton nh hay mt phn nh gia hai t|ng ngn chy th khng theo quy nh ny. Khi , phi c nhng bin php phng chy ring bit (thng hi cc b ngn nga kh nng gy ra chy nhng phng ny v kh nng lan chy t nhng phng ny ra ton b ngi nh).

9.6.

9.7. 9.8.

Khng cho php b tr bt k hng sn xut no, hay cc kho xenluyl v vt liu tng hp xp d chy cc tng hm. Tr|ng hp c bit, do yu cu dy truyn cng ngh, |c php b tr cc hng sn xut C, D, E tng hm v tng chn t|ng khi phi tun theo cc quy nh trong iu 9.13 ca tiu chun ny. Cc phng c hng sn xut A v B, nu cc yu cu cng ngh cho php, nn t gn t|ng ngoi nu l nh mt tng hoc t tng trn cng nu l nh nhiu tng. Trong cc phng thuc hng sn xut A v B phi thit k cc cu kin ngn d bung pha ngoi. Din tch cc cu kin d bung |c xc nh qua tnh ton. Khi khng c s liu tnh ton th din tch ca cc cu kin d bung khng |c nh hn 0,05m2 cho mi mt mt th tch ca phng thuc hng sn xut A v khng nh hn 0,03m2 i vi phng thuc hng sn xut B.
Ch thch: 1) Ca s knh l thong |c coi l cc cu kin d bung khi dy ca knh l 3; 4 v 5mm vi din tch t|ng ng khng d|i 0,8; 1 v 1,5m2. Cc ca knh c ct thp khng |c coi l cu kin d bung; 2) Cu kin d bung ca mi phi chia thnh tng c din tch khng qu 180m2 mi ; 3) Ti trng tnh ton ca cc cu kin d bung khng qu 700 N/m2.

9.9.

Nhng phn sn nhng ni t my mc, thit b cng ngh c s dng cc cht lng d chy, cht c phi c cc vch chn lm bng vt liu khng chy hoc cc khay hng. Chiu cao ca vch ngn v din tch gia cc vch ngn hoc din tch khay hng phi nu r trong phn thit k cng ngh. 9.10. Khi b tr trong cng mt phng cc hng sn xut c nguy him chy n khc nhau, th phi thit k cc gii php phng n v chy lan truyn cc b (bc kn thit b, dp chy cc b, thit b che chn...). Khi b tr hng sn xut A, B v C trong cc phng ring ca ngi nh c bc chu la I v II, th phi ngn cch cc phng ny vi phng bn cnh bng vch ngn chy, c gii hn chu la t nht 45 pht, ca i cc t|ng ngn chy ny phi c gii hn chu la t nht 40 pht. 9.11. Khi thit k cc ca trn t|ng ngn chy v vch ngn chy khng th lp cc cnh ca chng chy gia cc phng c hng sn xut C, D v E th cc li i ny phi

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9.12.

9.13.

9.14.

9.15.

9.16.

9.17. 9.18.

9.19.

thit k bung m di khng d|i 4m, |c trang b cc thit b cha chy t ng vi l|u l|ng n|c cn thit l 11/s cho mi mt vung sn bung m. Cc vch ngn ca bung m phi c gii hn chu la khng d|i 45 pht. Trong cc nh mt tng bc chu la IV cho php b tr cc phng c hng sn xut A v B vi din tch chung khng qu 300m2. Trong tr|ng hp ny cc phng ni trn phi |c ngn cch bng vch ngn chy. T|ng bao ca cc phng ny phi bng vt liu khng chy hoc kh chy. Cc tng hm c b tr cc phng c hng sn xut C, D, E cc kho vt liu chy v vt liu khng chy trong bao b d chy, phi trang b cc thit b cha chy t ng v phi ngn cch bi vch ngn chy thnh tng phn vi din tch khng qu 3.000m2 mi phn v chiu rng mi phn (tnh c t|ng bao) khng qu 30m. Ti cc phng trn cn thit k cc ca s rng khng d|i 0,7m v cao khng d|i 1,2m. Tng din tch cc ca s khng nh hn 2% din tch sn. Trong cc phng din tch trn 1.000m2 phi thit k t 2 ca s tr ln. Trn ca tng hm phi c gii hn chu la khng d|i 45 pht. Hnh lang phi rng t 2m tr ln c li thng ra ngoi hoc qua bung thang. Cc vch ngn hnh lang vi cc phng l vch ngn chy. Cc ngi nh, cng trnh, cc thit b l thin m qu trnh sn xut c ta ra cc cht kh, bi v khi c nguy him v n v chy, cng nh| cc kho du kh v sn phm ca du m, cc kho vt liu d chy, cc kho cht c u khng |c b tr u h|ng gi thnh hnh i vi cc ngi nh, cng trnh khc. Khng |c b tr cc cn phng trong c s dng hay cha cc cht d chy th kh v lng cng nh| cc qu trnh c ta ra bi d chy bn d|i cc phng th|ng xuyn c ti 50 ng|i. Khng |c b tr ni hi vi p lc ln hn 0,7 at hoc vi nhit trn 1150C trong nh , nh v cng trnh cng cng. Khng b tr ni hi chy bng hi t d|i nhng gian nh, trong th|ng xuyn c ti 50 ng|i. Trong tr|ng hp cng trnh cn thit phi c ni hi, th phi b tr trong gian nh ring, m bo yu cu phng chy, n. Khng cho php b tr cc |ng ng dn kh lng d bc chy, chy |c d|i cc ngi nh v cng trnh. Trong cc |ng hm t ng|i qua li, cho php b tr ng dn kh p lc d|i 6.105 N/m2 (6 kg/cm2) cng vi ng dn khc v dy cp thng tin lin lc, vi iu kin phi c thit b thng gi v chiu sng trong . Khng cho php b tr phi hp trong cng |ng hm: - ng dn kh t vi cp in lc v chiu sng. - ng dn nhit vi ng dn cc cht lng d chy v chy |c vi ng dn lnh. - ng dn n|c cha chy vi ng dn cht lng d chy v chy |c v kh d chy hoc cp in lc. - ng dn cht lng d chy v chy |c vi cp in lc vi mng l|i cp n|c v thot n|c. - ng dn xy vi ng dn kh d chy hoc vi ng dn cht c vi cp in lc.

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9.20. Khng cho php b tr cc |ng ng dn kh t, |ng ng vn chuyn cc cht c th gy chy, n hay nhim mi tr|ng trn mt t. 9.21. Cc |ng ng dn cht lng d chy hay chy |c, nu t ngm phi m bo cch mt nn t nht 30 cm v phi chia thnh tng on khng qu 60m, cc on phi cch nhau bng b ngn chy bc xung quanh |ng ng bng vt liu khng chy.
Ch thch: |ng ng dn cht c cng nh| |ng ng dn kh p lc trn 1 at, khng |c b tr qua |ng hm c ng|i i b.

9.22. Cc ng dn cht lng d chy, chy |c b tr trn cao phi cch t|ng nh c l ca t nht 3m v cch t|ng khng c l ca t nht 0,5m. Khng cho php b tr trn cao trong cc tr|ng hp sau y: a) |ng ng dn cht lng, cht kh d chy v chy |c trn cu cn, thp v ct bng vt liu d chy hay t trn t|ng v mi nh d chy. b) |ng ng dn hn hp c th gy chy v n vi ng dn cht lng v cc sn phm kh d chy, t trn hnh lang bn. c) |ng ng dn kh d chy - t trn mi v t|ng ngi nh m trong c cha vt liu nguy him, n. - Ngang qua cc ngi nh v cng trnh ng ring, khng c yu cu cp kh. - Trn cc kho cha vt liu d chy. - Trn |ng ti in. 9.23. Cu v|t, |ng t cc |ng ng k thut, trong c |ng ng dn cht lng d bc chy hoc c th t chy |c, th phi lm bng vt liu khng chy.
Ch thch: 1) Khng |c php t trong cng cu v|t hay |ng vn chuyn nhng ng dn cht lng v cht kh m hn hp ca chng c th gy n, chy hoc ng c; 2) Cu v|t v |ng vn chuyn m trong b tr cc |ng ng k thut c dn cht lng, cht kh d bc chy hoc chy |c th cho php b tr li i phc v |ng ng ny cng trong cu v|t hay |ng vn chuyn.

9.24. Cu v|t, |ng vn chuyn, trong c b tr cc thit b vn chuyn vt liu khng chy v vt liu c th t chy dng kt thnh ming (than, than bn, ci,dm bo...) hay ng dn cc cht lng khng chy, cng nh| bng vn chuyn hay cu v|t i b m khng phi l li thot nn, th c th lm bng vt liu d chy. Trong tr|ng hp cu v|t, bng chuyn ny b tr pha trn cc ngi nh, th phi lm bng vt liu khng chy. 9.25. Cu v|t hay bng vn chuyn lm bng vt liu kh chy hoc d chy, u phi m bo cc iu kin sau: a) Cu v|t hay bng vn chuyn chia thnh tng on di khng qu 100m, cc on phi cch nhau bng khong ngn chy c chiu di t nht 5m b) Cu v|t v bng vn chuyn ct nhau, d cng cao hay khc cao, th ch ct nhau u phi l khong ngn chy c chiu di t nht 5m c) Hnh lang v cu v|t bng vt liu d chy phi m bo - Cch ngi nh c bc chu la III t nht 8m

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- Cch ngi nh c bc chu la IV, V t nht 18m Nu hnh lang, cu v|t c khong cch nh hn quy nh trn, th phi lm bng vt liu khng chy. Khong cch nu trn khng p dng khi hnh lang, cu v|t tip gip vi t|ng ngn chy hay t|ng bt kn khng c ca. 9.26. Cho php kt hp cu v|t, |ng vn chuyn vi |ng i b trong cc tr|ng hp sau: a) Hng vn chuyn phi l vt liu khng chy, n b) Ph|ng tin vn chuyn phi an ton i vi ng|i i b 9.27. Trong cc phng c hi ga, c s dng hay bo qun hi t, cc cht lng hay bi d bc chy, d n, phi thit k bin php thng hi, thng gi loi tr kh nng chy, n trong cc phng . Khng |c b tr cc ng dn nhit i qua cc phng ny. Trong tr|ng hp phi t ng nhit i qua th phi cch li cc ng ny vi mi tr|ng xung quanh bng vt liu khng chy. Nu trong phng khng c nguy him v chy n, th c th cch li ng dn nhit bng vt liu kh chy. 9.28. Cc ng dn kh, bung cha kh, b phn lc khng kh v nhng b phn khc ca h thng thng gi, dn kh t vi nhit trn 300C, dn hi t, hi cht lng v bi d bc chy hay n, cng nh| nhng ph liu d chy (mt c|a, v bo, len, bng...) u phi lm bng vt liu khng chy. Trong nhng gian phng c nguy him v n v chy, tt c cc ng dn kh phi lm bng vt liu khng chy. Trong cc tr|ng hp khc, nhng b phn ca h thng thng gi c th bng vt liu kh chy.
Ch thch: 1) Trong h thng thng gi c khng kh nng d|i 800C, th nhng b phn d|i y c th lm bng vt liu d chy: a) B phn lc kh, phng lc c ngn bng vt liu kh chy; b) Trong iu kin c bit v k thut, ng dn kh khng th lm bng vt liu khng chy hoc kh chy hoc b g (nu nhng ng ny khng xuyn qua sn gc); 2) Gia cc kt cu lm bng vt liu d chy v kh chy vi |ng ng dn khng kh, hi ga c nhit trn 800C v |ng ng dn nhng ph liu d chy phi ngn cch bng vt liu khng chy v cch nhit.

9.29. |ng ng phi thng ng v ng dn khng kh vo cc gian sn xut hng A, B v C phi t cho tng tng ring bit; Tr nhng nh nhiu tng, trong c l sn gc dng cho mc ch k thut. Trong tr|ng hp |ng ng chnh dn khng kh c nhng b phn ngn la, cho php dn khng kh nhp vo nhng gian sn xut hng A, B v C, bng ng nm ngang, thng ng. Nhng ng dn thng ng ring bit (ng thi v ng cp) mi tng, trong b tr sn xut hng D, E v F, c th ni vi |ng ng chnh dn khng kh; nu cc thit b lm bng vt liu khng chy. Nhng ng dn hi d ng|ng t, ng dn bi v cc cht khc c th gy ra hn hp c, chy hoc n, do nguyn nhn c l hay ha khng |c ni vo thit b thi chung. 9.30. Trong cc phng khng c ca tri thng gi m b tr hng sn xut A, B v C, nht thit phi thit k cc ng thi kh v ng khi iu khin ng m bng tay

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hay t ng khi c chy. Tit din ngang ca ng thi ny c din tch t nht bng 0,2% din tch sn ca gian phng (nu phng khng c tng hm mi) v t nht bng 0,15% (nu phng c tng hm mi). Cc ng thi phi phn b u v lm bng vt liu khng chy hay kh chy; tit din ngang ca mi ng khng qu 2m2.
Ch thch: 1) Cc gian phng c khu d|i 30m m k tip vi t|ng ngoi c cc l ca th khng p dng iu quy nh ny. 2) ng thi khi |c s dng thay ng thi khng kh.

9.31. i vi nh v cng trnh cng cng t 5 tng tr ln, cho php t ng thi kh chung thng ng, vi iu kin phi lp vo |ng ng chnh nhng ng thng ng i t mi tng v xuyn qua hai tng. Cho php t kt hp vo mt |ng ng chnh tp trung n ni vi |ng ng thi t bn n nm tng. Tr|ng hp c nhng gian phng cch li ring bit v trong cha cc cht d chy, th nhng gian phng phi t ng thi ring dn khi ra ngoi. 9.32. Cm c l t |ng ng dn kh t|ng ngn chy v sn lm bng vt liu khng chy (k c cc b phn ngn chy khc). Trong tr|ng hp bt phi t ng dn kh xuyn qua b phn ngn chy, th bn trong ng dn kh phi c thit b ngn la (v ngn chy...) v ch , |ng ng phi lm bng vt liu khng chy.
Ch thch: Cho php t ng thng gi v ng khi trong t|ng ngn chy ca nh , cng trnh cng cng v nh ph tr khi chiu dy ti thiu ca t|ng ngn chy (Tr tit din |ng ng) ch khng |c d|i 25cm, cn b dy phn ngn gia ng khi v ng thng hi ti thiu l 12cm. Nhng l t ng dn n|c b phn ngn chy phi |c trt kn bng va.

9.33. Cho php t |ng ng thi kh chung cho cc cht hi t, hi ca cht lng v bi, nu hn hp ha hc ca cc cht khng bt la, khng chy hay n. 9.34. Trong cc phng c sinh ra nhng cht d chy, n ta vo khng kh, th cc b phn ca my thng gi v thit b iu khin ca |ng ng thng gi phi |c thit k khng c kh nng to ra tia la. cc b phn lc ca h thng thi bi hay cc cht d bt la, d n, phi c ph|ng php kh bi t ng, lin tc v ngn nga kh nng pht tia la. Trong cc phng sn xut c th gy n, cc ng c in ca h thng thi kh t trong phng cng vi my qut gi, phi l loi ng c chng n.
Ch thch: 1) i vi cc phng sn xut khi vic kh bi t ng khng c li v mt kinh t, cho php kh bi tng thi k bng th cng nu cng sut ca b phn lc trong khong 15.000 m3/gi. 2) Nu ng c in s dng l loi thng th|ng, th ng c phi t cch ly vi phng my qut gi. 3) i vi cc hng sn xut A, B, v C th kt cu ngn cch ca b phn qut gi phi lm bng vt liu khng chy.

9.35. Khi thit k v thi cng phn in, cp n|c, thng gi, cp nhit, chng st ca cng trnh phi tun theo cc quy nh trong cc tiu chun Nh n|c c lin quan.

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9.36. Khi thit k h thng bo chy cho nh v cng trnh phi tun theo tiu chun TCVN 5738: 93 "H thng bo chy, yu cu k thut" v cc tiu chun chuyn ngnh c lin quan. Ty theo yu cu thit k v quy nh ca tiu chun m chn cc gii php bo chy t ng, bn t ng hoc qua h thng thng tin lin lc thng dng. 9.37. Ngoi h thng cha chy bng n|c, trong nh v cng trnh phi |c b tr cc ph|ng tin, dng c cha chy chuyn dng khc. Ni b tr, s l|ng, chng loi theo cc quy nh trong TCVN 5760: 1993 v h|ng dn ca c quan phng cha chy. 9.38. Vic thit k h thng cha chy t ng v cc h thng cha chy c bit khc, phi tun theo tiu chun TCVN 5760: 1993. "H thng cha chy, yu cu chung v thit k, lp t v s dng", v cc tiu chun chuyn ngnh c lin quan. 10. Cp n|c cha chy 10.1. Phi thit k h thng cp n|c cha chy cho nh v cng trnh dn dng, nh kho, cng trnh cng nghip. H thng cp n|c cha chy bao gm h thng cp n|c cha chy trong nh v ngoi nh. Cho php thit k h thng cp n|c cha chy ring bit khi vic kt hp vi h thng cp n|c sinh hot hoc sn xut khng c li v kinh t. 10.2. |ng ng cp n|c cha chy c th l |ng ng p lc cao hay p lc thp. Trong |ng ng cp n|c cha chy c p lc cao, th p lc cn thit cha chy l do my bm cha chy c nh to nn. Trong |ng ng cp n|c cha chy p lc thp, th p lc cn thit cha chy l do my bm di ng hoc xe bm cha chy, ly n|c t cc tr n|c cha chy t ngoi nh. 10.3. Trong cc khu dn dng, l|u l|ng n|c cha chy bn ngoi ca h thng cp n|c cha chy v s m chy cng mt thi gian, |c quy nh trong bng 12. Bng 12
L|u l|ng n|c cho mt m chy (lt/giy) S dn trong khu (1000 ng|i) n 5 n 10 n 25 n 50 n 100 n 200 n 300 S l|ng m chy trong cng mt thi gian 1 1 2 2 2 3 3 Nh 1 O 2 tng c bc chu la I, II, v III 5 10 10 15 20 20 IV v V 5 10 10 20 25 Nh xy hn hp, cc loi tng khng ph thuc bc chu la 10 15 15 20 30 30 40 Nh xy t 3 tng tr ln khng ph thuc bc chu la 10 15 15 25 35 40 55

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n 400 n 500 n 600 n 700 n 800 n 1000 3 3 3 3 3 3 50 60

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75 80 85 90 95 100

Ch thch: 1) Trong cc khu nh gm c nh mt hai tng v nh nhiu tng khc nhau, th phi xc nh ring tng loi nh c tnh n s dn trong . L|ng n|c tnh cho ton khu l tng cng l|ng n|c tnh cho tng loi nh trong khu ; 2) L|ng n|c v s m chy trong mt thi gian i vi khu dn dng trn 1000 ng|i, |c xc nh theo yu cu ring; 3) S m chy, cng mt thi gian trong th hay vng phi tnh c s m chy cc cng trnh cng nghip, cng tr|ng, phi ph hp vi l|ng n|c cha chy cn thit nh|ng khng |c d|i tiu chun quy nh trong bng 12.

10.4. Trong cc khu cng nghip s m chy trong cng thi gian |c tnh a) Nu din tch khu t d|i 150 ha th tnh mt m chy. b) Nu din tch khu t t 150ha tr ln, th tnh vi hai m chy v l|u l|ng n|c cha chy tnh cho hai ngi nh cn l|ng n|c cha chy nhiu nht. 10.5. Trong cc cng trnh cng nghip, l|u l|ng n|c cha chy bn ngoi ly t tr n|c cha chy, tnh vi nh cn l|ng n|c cha chy nhiu nht v tnh cho mt m chy |c quy nh trong bng 13. Bng 13
Bc chu la I v II I v II III III IV v V IV v V Hng sn xut D, E, F A, B, C D, E C E, D C L|u l|ng n|c tnh cho mt m chy (lt/giy) n v khi tch ca cng trnh, (1.000m3) D|i 3 5 10 5 10 10 15 T 3 O 5 5 10 10 15 15 20 T 5 O 20 10 15 15 20 20 25 T 20 O 50 10 20 25 30 30 Trn 50 15 30 35 40

Ch thch: i vi nh c t|ng ngn chy th ch tnh vi phn ngi nh i hi l|ng n|c cha chy ln nht.

10.6. L|ng n|c dng cha chy bn ngoi tr|ng hc, bnh vin, nh vn ha, c quan hnh chnh, nh ph tr ca cng trnh cng nghip |c tnh theo quy nh trong bng 13 v coi nh| nh thuc hng sn xut C.

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10.7. i vi cc khu cng nghip hoc cng trnh cng nghip, trong hng sn xut C, D, E m din tch khng qu 200.000m2, l|u l|ng n|c dng cha chy bn ngoi nh khng qu 20 lt/giy v i vi cc khu dn c| khng qu 8.000 ng|i, th khng qu 8.000 ng|i, th khng cn thit k h thng |ng ng cp n|c cha chy bn ngoi m c th s dng my bm hay xe bm cha chy ly n|c t cc ngun n|c thin nhin nh| sng, h hay b cha n|c, h n|c nhn to cha chy vi iu kin: a) C n|c d tr cha chy trong cc ma theo quy nh b) Chiu su ht n|c khng qu 4m t mt t n mt n|c v mc n|c khng cn qu 0,5m; c) Phi c ch m bo cho xe bm hoc my bm cha chy n ly n|c. 10.8. H thng |ng ng cp n|c cha chy bn ngoi, phi thit k theo mng l|i vng. Khi |ng ng cp n|c cha chy bn ngoi khng qu 200m, cho php thit k |ng ng ct nh|ng phi d kin thnh mng l|i vng. Cho php t cc |ng nhnh ct dn n|c cha chy n tng ngi nh ring l, nu chiu di |ng ng ct ny khng qu 200m, nh|ng phi c b cha n|c hoc h cha n|c d tr cha chy v c d kin thnh mng l|i vng.
Ch thch: 1) Trong giai on u t |ng ng dn n|c, c th t |ng ng nhnh ct dn n|c cha chy m khng hn ch chiu di nu |c s tha thun ca c quan PCCC c trch nhim; 2) Trong khu dn dng nu s dn khng qu 10.000 ng|i th cho php t |ng ng nhnh ct; 3) |ng knh ng dn n|c cha chy ngoi nh t nht 100mm.

10.9. Tr n|c cha chy ngoi nh phi b tr dc theo |ng giao thng, khong cch gia cc tr khng qu 150m. Tr n|c cha chy ngoi nh phi t cch |ng t nht 5m v nn b tr ng ba hay ng t| |ng. Nu tr b tr hai bn |ng xe chy th khng nn t cch xa mp |ng qu 2,5m, |ng ng cha chy phi chia thnh tng on v tnh ton s tr n|c cha chy trn mi on khng nhiu qu 5 tr.
Ch thch: Trong cc cng trnh cng nghip, th hay khu dn dng m l|u l|ng n|c cha chy bn ngoi khng ln hn qu 20 lt/giy th khong cch gia hai tr n|c cha chy ngoi nh khng qu 120m.

10.10. Nhng van kha n|c t cc |ng ng nhnh ct cng nh| nhng van ln kha t |ng ng khp kn phi b tr m bo mi on ng ch kha nhiu nht l 5 hng cha chy trn cng mt tng. 10.11. p lc t do cn thit trong |ng ng cp n|c cha chy p lc thp t mt t khng |c d|i l0m ct n|c. Trong |ng ng cp n|c cha chy p lc cao, th p lc t do u ming lng ca hng n|c cha chy t v tr cao, xa nht thuc ngi nh cao nht phi bo m ct n|c c khng d|i l0m. 10.12. Phi thit k |ng ng cp n|c cha chy bn trong nh trong cc tr|ng hp sau: a) Trong cc nh sn xut tr nhng iu quy nh trong iu l0.13 ca tiu chun ny. b) Trong nh gia nh t bn tng tr ln v nh tp th, khch sn, ca hng n ung t nm tng tr ln;

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c) Trong cc c quan hnh chnh cao t su tng tr ln, tr|ng hc cao t 3 tng tr ln; d) Trong nh ga, kho tng, cc loi cng trnh cng cng khc, nh ph tr ca cc cng trnh cng nghip khi khi tch ngi nh t 5.000m3 tr ln; e) Trong nh ht, rp chiu bng, hi tr|ng, cu lc b 300 ch ngi tr ln.
Ch thch: l) Trong cc ngi nh nu trong iu kin (b), (c) c chiu cao khc nhau, th ch thit k |ng ng cp n|c cha chy cho phn nh c chiu cao quy nh trong phn ny; 2) Trong nh sn xut c bc chu la I v II, sn xut hng D, E th h thng |ng ng cp n|c cha chy ch cn t phn nh c cha hay sn xut nhng vt liu d chy.

10.13. Khng thit k h thng |ng ng cp n|c cha chy bn trong nh trong cc tr|ng hp sau y: a) Trong cc nh sn xut c s dng hay bo qun cc cht m khi tip xc vi n|c c th sinh ra chy, n, ngn la lan truyn; b) Trong cc nh sn xut c bc chu la I, II v c thit b bn trong lm bng vt liu khng chy m trong gia cng vn chuyn, bo qun thnh phm, bn thnh phm l vt liu khng chy; c) Trong cc nh sn xut hng D, E c bc chu la III, IV,V m c khi tch khng ln qu l000m3; d) Trong nh tm, nh git cng cng e) Trong cc nh kho lm bng vt liu khng chy, cha cc hng ho khng chy; g) Trong cc trm my bm, trm lc sch ca h thng thot n|c bn: h) Trong cc nh sn xut v nh ph tr ca cng trnh cng nghip, khng c |ng ng cp n|c sinh hot hay sn xut v vic cp n|c cha chy bn ngoi ly sng, h, ao, hay b d tr n|c. 10.14. S hng n|c cha chy cho mi im bn trong nh v l|ng n|c ca mi hng |c quy nh trong bng 14. Bng 14
Loi nh (1) 1. Nh hnh chnh cao 6 n 12 tng c khi tch n 25.000m3 2. Nh gia nh cao t 4 tng tr ln, khch sn v nh tp th, nh cng cng cao t 5 tng tr ln c khi tch n 25.000m3. Nh kiu n nguyn cao n 16 tng. 3. Bnh vin, cc c quan phng bnh, nh tr, mu gio, ca hng, nh ga, nh ph tr ca cng trnh cng nghip c khi tch t 5.000m3 n 25.000m3. 4. Cc phng b tr d|i khn i ca sn vn ng c khi tch t 5.000m3 n 25.000m3 v cc gian th dc th thao c khi tch n 25.000m3. S hng n|c cha chy (2) 1 L|ng n|c tnh cho mi hng (lt/giy) (3) 2,5

2,5

2,5

2,5

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1 5. Nh an d|ng, nh ngh mt, nh bo tng, th| vin, c quan thit k c khi tch t 7.500m3 n 25.000m3. Nh trin lm c din tch tr|ng by d|i 500m2. 6. Hi tr|ng, cc gian khn gi c trang b my chiu phim c nh, c sc cha 300 n 800 ch. 7. Nh cc loi cao 12 O 16 tng. 8. Nh hnh chnh cao 6 O 12 tng. 9. Khch sn, nh tp th, nh an d|ng, nh ngh, bnh vin, nh tr, mu gio, nh bo tng, th| vin, nh trin lm, cc loi ca hng, nh ga, tr|ng hc c khi tch ln hn 25.000m3. 10. Nh ph tr ca cng trnh cng nghip c khi tch ln hn 25.000m3. 11. Cc gian phng b tr d|i khn i sn vn ng v cc gian th dc th thao c khi tch ln hn 25.000m3. 12. Nh ht, rp chiu bng, cu lc b, nh vn ha, rp xic, phng ha nhc c trn 800 ch, vin nghin cu khoa hc. 13. Nh sn xut tr nhng iu quy nh trong iu 10 O 17 14. Cc nh kho c khi tch t 5.000m3 tr ln cha vt liu d chy hoc vt liu phng chy bo qun trong cc bao b d chy. 2 1

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3 2,5

1 2 2 2

2,5 2,5 2,5 2,5

2 2

2,5 2,5

2 2 2

2,5 2,5 2,5

10.15. p lc yu cu ca cc hng cha chy bn trong nh phi m bo c tia n|c dy c vi chiu cao cn thit quy nh trong bng 15. Bng 15
Tnh cht ca ngi nh v cng trnh Chiu cao cn thit ca ct n|c phun dy c, (m) Nh , cng trnh cng cng, nh ph c 6 bc chu la I, II Nh , cng trnh cng cng nh ph v nh Chiu cao cn thit c th phun n mt im cao nht sn xut c bc chu la I v II trong qu v xa nht ca ngi nh nh|ng khng |c nh hn trnh sn xut c s dng vt liu d chy v 6m. d gy ra chy.

10.16. Khi trong nh b tr trn m|i hai hng n|c cha chy hoc c trang b h thng cha chy t ng th h thng cp n|c cha chy bn trong nh, d thit k ring hay kt hp phi thit k t nht hai ng dn n|c vo nh v phi thc hin ni thnh mng vng. 10.17. B tr hng cha chy trong nh phi m bo mi im ca gian phng c s hng n|c cha chy n nh| quy nh trong bng 14. Trong cc ngi nh khi tch t

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1.000m3 tr xung c sn xut hng C, hng D v E khng ph thuc vo khi tch trong cc gian bn hng hay kho cha hng d|i 25.000m3 cho php mi im ch mt hng cha chy phun n. 10.18. Cc hng cha chy bn trong nh phi b tr cnh li ra vo, trn chiu ngh bung thang, snh, hnh lang v nhng ni d thy, d s dng. 10.19. Tm ca hng cha chy phi t cao 1,25m so vi mt sn. 10.20. Mi hng cha chy trong nh phi c t van kho, lng phun n|c v cun vi mm c di theo tnh ton. Trong mi nh, |ng knh ng, chiu di cun vi mm, |ng knh lng phi s dng cng loi. 10.21. Tnh ton mng l|i cp n|c phi cn c vo: p lc l|ng n|c cha chy cn thit, s m chy cng mt lc, thi gian dp tt m chy. 10.22. Tr|ng hp khng th ly n|c trc tip t ngun cung cp n|c |c hoc ly trc tip t |ng ng cp n|c th nh|ng khng th|ng xuyn m bo l|u l|ng v p sut th phi c bin php d tr n|c cha chy. L|ng n|c cn d tr cha chy phi tnh ton cn c vo l|ng n|c cha chy ln nht trong ba gi. Tnh ton cung cp n|c cn thit cho cha chy phi ng thi m bo c l|ng n|c dng cho sn xut v sinh hot nh|ng khng tnh n|c dng t|i cy, t|i |ng, n|c dng lau chi sn nh, my mc. Ring n|c dng tm, ra, v sinh ch tnh bng 15% l|ng n|c tnh ton.
Ch thch: Trong tr|ng hp |ng ng cp n|c cha chy c p lc thp th cho php ly mt phn n|c (khng qu 50%) dng cho sn xut cha chy nu iu khng lm cn tr cho sn xut.

10.23. Thi hn phc hi n|c d tr cha chy |c quy nh nh| sau: 1) Trong cc khu dn dng, cng trnh dn dng v cng trnh cng nghip hng sn xut A, B, C khng qu hai m|i bn gi. 2) Cc cng trnh cng nghip thuc hng D, E, F khng |c qu ba m|i su gi.
Ch thch: - Cc cng trnh cng nghip m l|u l|ng n|c cha chy bn ngoi t hn 25 lt/giy, cho php ko di thi hn phc hi n|c; - i vi sn xut hng C l ba m|i su gi; - i vi hng sn xut hng E l bn m|i tm gi.

10.24. My bm dng cp n|c sinh hot, sn xut v cha chy d ring bit hay kt hp u phi c my bm d b, c cng sut t|ng |ng vi cng sut ca my bm chnh. S l|u l|ng my bm d b |c quy nh nh| sau: a) Khi s l|ng my bm vn hnh theo tnh ton t mt n ba th cn c mt my bm d b; b) Khi s l|ng my bm vn hnh t bn my tr ln th cn hai my bm d b. My bm cha chy chnh phi |c ni vi hai ngun in ring bit, hoc ngun in d b trm pht in, hoc ng c d b trm my bm. Cho php dng my bm cp n|c cha chy m khng cn my bm d b v my bm cha chy chnh, ch ni vi mt ngun in khi l|ng n|c cha chy bn ngoi d|i 20lt/giy hoc trong cc x nghip hng sn xut E, D m cng trnh c bc chu la

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I, II hoc trong nh sn xut khi l|u l|ng n|c cha chy bn ngoi khng qu 20 lt/giy. 10.25. My bm cp n|c cha chy c th iu khin bng tay ti ch hoc iu khin t ng t xa.
Ch thch: 1) Khi l|u l|ng n|c cha chy bn ngoi t 25 lt/giy tr ln, th nht thit my bm cha chy phi c b phn iu khin t xa. Khi , phi ng thi b tr b phn iu khin bng tay; 2) B phn iu khin my bm cha chy phi m bo cho my hot ng khng chm qu 3 pht k t khi c tn hiu bo chy.

10.26. i vi cc ngi nh m p lc n|c th|ng xuyn khng cung cp n|c cho cc hng cha chy th phi c b phn iu khin my bm t xa b tr ngay hng cha chy. 10.27. Xc nh l|ng n|c d tr cha chy trong b cha v trn i n|c, phi cn c vo tiu chun l|ng n|c cha chy, s m chy trong cng mt lc, thi gian dp tt m chy v l|ng n|c b sung trong thi gian cha chy. Khi l|ng n|c d tr cha chy t 1.000m3 tr ln, th phi phn chia ra hai b cha.
Ch thch: 1) C th thit k n|c d tr cha chy chung vi n|c sinh hot, sn xut nh|ng phi c bin php khng ch vic dng n|c d tr cha chy vo cc nhu cu khc; 2) Khi tnh th tch ca b n|c d tr cha chy, cho php tnh l|ng n|c b sung lin tc vo b, ngay c trong khong thi gian dp tt m chy l ba gi; 3) Trong tr|ng hp n|c cha chy bn ngoi ly t cc h cha n|c, hoc cc tr n|c, m bn trong nh cn c h thng |ng ng cp n|c sinh hot v cha chy, th th tch ca b cha n|c d tr phi m bo l|ng n|c dng trong mt gi, cho mt hng cha chy v cc nhu cu dng n|c khc.

10.28. Kt n|c p lc v b cha n|c c my bm tng p dng cha chy phi d tr mt l|ng n|c nh| sau: a) i vi cng trnh cng nghip, th n|c d tr cha chy tnh theo l|ng n|c cn thit cho hng cha chy trong nh v thit b phun n|c t ng trong thi gian 10 pht u khi xy ra chy. b) i vi khu dn c| th n|c d tr phi m bo cung cp cha chy cho mt m chy bn trong v mt m chy bn ngoi trong thi gian 10 pht vi l|u l|ng n|c cn thit ln nht, ng thi bo m c khi l|ng n|c dng cho sinh hot ln nht. 10.29. i n|c s dng kh p p lc, th ngoi my p vn hnh phi c my p d b. 10.30. B cha n|c c p lc v i n|c cha chy, phi |c trang b th|c o mc n|c, thit b tn hiu mc n|c cho trm bm hay lin lc vi trm phn phi n|c. Nu i n|c ni my bm cha chy tng p lc th phi thit k b phn iu khin t ng ct n|c ln i khi my bm cha chy hot ng.
Ch thch: 1) Nu my bm cha chy t ng bm khi mc n|c trong i b h thp, th khi l|ng n|c d tr trong i c th ly bng 50% l|ng n|c quy nh trong iu 7.28;

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2) Khi c h thng |ng ng cp n|c cho c x nghip nh my v khu cng nhn, th khi l|ng n|c d tr trn i cha chy, ch cn c vo s hot ng ca cc hng cha chy bn trong x nghip, nh my m khng tnh n khu cng nhn.

10.31. V tr v bn knh phc v ca b cha n|c d tr, |c xc nh ty thuc vo ph|ng tin cha chy: a) Nu dng xe bm cha chy, th bn knh phc v l 200m. b) Nu c my bm di ng, th ty theo tng loi my bm m bn knh phc v t 100m n 150m. Khong cch t h cha n|c cha chy n nh c bc chu la III, IV, V hoc n kho l thin lm bng vt liu d chy, t nht l 20m, v n ngi nh c bc chu la I, II, phi t nht l 10m. Ph lc A Nhm vt liu theo mc chy 1. Vt liu thuc nhm khng chy bao gm cc vt liu v c t nhin hay nhn to, kim loi, cc tm thch cao hay thch cao si khi hm l|ng hu c n 8% khi l|ng, cc tm bng khong dng tng hp hay t nhin hoc dng dnh kt vi bitum khi hm l|ng hu c n 6% Khi l|ng. Vt liu thuc nhm kh chy gm hn hp cc vt liu khng chy v d chy, v d: b tng atxphan, tm fibr xi mng, vt liu thch cao v cc loi b tng c hm l|ng hu c cao hn 8% khi l|ng, cc tm bng khong dng dnh kt vi bitum khi hm l|ng hu c t 7% n 15% khi l|ng. Cc loi vt liu t st trn rm khi khi l|ng th tch t nht l 900 kg/m3 cc tm pht |c tm dung dch khng chy, g c ngm tm cc ho cht khng chy, cc x p, xi mng, loi vt liu plime t yu cu kh chy. Vt liu d chy, bao gm cc vt liu thuc loi hu c khng |c ngm tm bng cht chng chy. Ph lc B (Tham kho) Nhm cc ngnh sn xut phn theo hng sn xut
c tnh ca sn xut (2)

2.

3.

Hng sn xut (1)

Tn ngnh sn xut (3) Nhng phn x|ng ch v s dng natri v kali; cc phn x|ng ca cc nh my lm si nhn to, cao su nhn to, nhng trm sn xut hyr; cc phn x|ng ho cht ca nh my t nhn to; nhng phn x|ng sn xut du xng; nhng phn x|ng hyr ho ch|ng ct v phn chia kh, nhng phn x|ng sn xut nhin liu lng nhn to, thu hi v ch|ng ct cc cht lng ho tan hu c vi nhit bc chy th hi t 25oC tr xung nhng kho cha bnh ng hi t, nhng kho xng, nhng cn phng cha cc quy kim v axt ca nhng nh my in, nhng trm bm cht lng c nhit bc chy th hi t 28oC tr xung.

Nguy him chy n

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Nhng phn x|ng sn xut v vn chuyn than cm, mn c|a, nhng trm ty ra cc thng du ma dt v cc cht lng khc c nhit bc Nguy chy th hi t 28oC n 61oC. Nhng gian nghin v xay cc cht him chy rn, nhng phn x|ng ch bin cao su nhn to, nhng phn x|ng sn n xut |ng, nhng thit b nghin than bn, nhng kho cha du ma dt ca cc nh my in, nhng trm bm cht lng c nhit bc chy th hi t 28oC n 61oC. Nhng phn x|ng x g, nhng phn x|ng lm m thut bng g, nhng phn x|ng lm m hnh, nhng phn x|ng ng hm g, nhng nh my dt kim v may mc. Cc phn x|ng ca cng nghip dt v giy vi qu trnh sn xut kh, nhng x nghip ch bin s b si bng, nhng nh my ch bin s b si, gai ay v nhng cht si khc, nhng b phn sng, sy ht ca cc nh my xay v kho cha Nguy ht. Nhng phn x|ng ti sinh du m, nhng phn x|ng nu li du him chy m v ch|ng ct nha |ng, nhng kho cha vt liu chy v du m, nhng kho du l thin v nhng thit b cha du m ca nh my in, nhng thit b phn phi in c my ngt in v thit b in vi l|ng du m ln hn 60kg cho mt n v thit b, nhng cu tr|t v nhng hnh lang dng vn chuyn than , than bn, nhng kho kn cha than, nhng kho hng hn hp, nhng trm bm cht lng c nhit bc chy ca hi trn 61oC. Nhng phn x|ng c v luyn kim, nhng b phn l ca cc trm sn xut hi t, nhng phn x|ng rn, nhng phn x|ng hn, nhng Khng trm sa cha u my xe la chy bng hi v bng ng c n, nhng biu hin phn x|ng cn nng kim loi, nhng trm th ng c n, nhng gian c tnh nh t ng c t trong, nhng phn x|ng gia cng kim loi bng nguy him nhit, nhng nh chnh ca nh my in (tc l nh gm gian l, gian ca sn tuc bin v.v...) nhng thit b phn phi in vi l|ng du m ln hn xut 60kg cho mt n v thit b, nhng phng th nghim in cao th nhng trm ni hi v.v... Nhng phn x|ng c kh gia cng ngui kim loi (tr hp kim ma-gi) , nhng sn cha liu (qung) x|ng sn xut xt (tr b phn l), nhng trm qut gi, nhng trm my p khng kh v cc cht kh khng chy khc, nhng phn x|ng ti sinh axt, nhng trm sa cha Khng xe in v u my xe in, nhng phn x|ng dp khun v tn ngui biu hin kim loi, nhng c s khai thc v gia cng ngui cc khong cht c tnh qung aming, mui v nguyn liu khng chy khc, nhng phn nguy him x|ng thuc cng nghip dt v cng nghip giy c cc qu trnh sn ca sn xut |t, phn x|ng ch bin thc phm: c, tht v sa, nhng bng xut iu khin in, nhng cng trnh lm sch n|c (lng, lc, ty v.v...) nhng trm bm n|c v ht n|c ca nh my in, nhng b phn cha axt cacbonic v clo, cc thp lm lnh, nhng trm bm cht lng khng chy v.v... Nguy him n Ch thch: Cc ngnh sn xut trong nhin liu t chy l cc cht lng, cht kh v hi hoc c s dng ngn la trn u khng thuc hng sn xut A, B, C.

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Ph lc C Gii hn chu la v nhm chy ca vt liu v cu kin xy dng

Chiu dy hay kch th|c ti thiu ca mt ct kt cu, (cm) (2) 6,0 11 12 33 6 11 22 33 2,5 5 6 11 15 17 22 Gii hn chu la, (pht) (3) 145 150 330 660 30 90 240 420 18 36 45 150 222 270 360 Nhm chy (4) Khng chy Khng chy

Danh mc kt cu (1) 1. T|ng v t|ng ngn: T|ng v t|ng ngn bng gch silict, gch th|ng v gch t st rng 2. T|ng bng t nhin, b tng nh v khi snh, khi gch xy nh vi ct liu b tng nh, bng vt liu bo n kh chy hay khng chy.

3. T|ng v t|ng ngn: B tng, b tng ct thp hay b tng hc, cng nh| t|ng panen hay khi b tng v b tng ct thp (xem ch thch l).

Khng chy

4. T|ng panen c mt ct c bng b tng nh t ong: a) Bng b tng kramzit hay b tng x ht c khi l|ng th tch 1500 O 1800 kg/m3 (xem ch thch 1) b) Bng b tng t ong hay b tng nh c khi l|ng th tch 900 O 1200 kg/m3 (xem ch thch 1) c) Cng vt liu trn vi khi l|ng th tch 700 O 900 kg/m3 (xem ch thch l). 5. T|ng khi c mt ct ng bng b tng t ong c khi l|ng th tch l 900 O 1200kg/m3 6. T|ng panen gch nung c ct, gch silict v gch t st th|ng (xem ch thch 1) 7. T|ng panen 3 lp gm tm b tng ct thp g v lp bo n t bng khong khng chy hay kh chy, hay tm fibrlt: a) i vi t|ng panen

Khng chy 12 270

20

360

20 30 40 16

360 480 660 222 Khng chy Khng chy

15 O 22

Khng t hn 60

Khng chy

tiu chun vit nam

b) i vi t|ng chu lc khi b dy lp b tng bn trong 10cm bng b tng mc 200 v chu ng lc nn 25 KG/cm2 v t hn (xem ch thch 15) c) Cng vt liu trn khi b dy 14cm bng b tng mc 300 v chu ng lc nn 100 KG/cm2 v t hn (xem ch thch 15). 8. T|ng panen ba lp, vi khung bng xi mng v p hai bn bng xi mng aming vt cht thp khi lp bo n: a) T tm bng khong khng chy hay kh chy b) T cht do xp 9. T|ng panen ba lp vi khung g v p hai mt bng xi mng aming, cht tm bn trong bng vt nh tm ngoi nh hnh nhm vi lp bo n: a) T tm bng khong khng chy v kh chy hay tm b tng thu tinh b) T cht do xp 10. T|ng v t|ng ngn bng tm xi mng aming hay tm thp (phng hay l|n sng) khung thp 11. T|ng che mi v t|ng ngn bng gch, khi b tng v khi thin nhin vi khung thp: a) Khng c lp bo v b) t t|ng dy nht khe t|ng khng c lp bo v hay ngn t|ng vi chn khung. c) Lp trt bo v dy 2cm trn lp thp. d) Bng gch ng khi b dy ng l 6,5cm 12cm 12. T|ng ngn bng loi thch cao, x thch cao thch cao si khi hm l|ng hu c n 8% khi l|ng 5 8 10 11 6 10 3,5 4 6,5

tcvn 2622 : 1995

Khng t hn 150 25 150 27 Khng chy Khng chy

12

45 30

Khng chy Kh chy

60 30 15

Kh chy Kh chy Khng chy

15 45

Khng chy Khng chy Khng chy Khng chy Kh chy

60 150 360 78 132 162 180 15 15 30 60 90

13. T|ng ngn t khi knh xy rng 14. T|ng ngn t khi xy kramzit rng (xem ch thch 5)

Kh chy Kh chy

tiu chun vit nam

8 10 10 15 20 25

tcvn 2622 : 1995

120 45 36 45 60 75

15. T|ng v t|ng ngn fibrlit hay x thch cao vi khung g trt va hai mt 16. T|ng v t|ng g ngn, |c trt va hai mt, khi b dy lp trt 2 cm 17. T|ng v t|ng ngn khung g trt hay p hai mt bng va thch cao kh hay fibr xi mng vi ct liu: a) T vt liu d chy b) T vt liu khng chy Ct v tr: 18. Gch, mt ct (cm) 22 x 22 22 x 33 33 x 33 33 x 45 45 x 45 19. B tng v b tng ct thp trong c ct cng trng ti: a) Khng qu 75% mt ct quy nh (cm) 20 x 20 20 x 30 b) Khng qu 75% mt ct quy nh (cm): 20 x 20 20 x 30 20 x 40 20 x 30 v 20 x 50 30 x 50 40 x 40 20. Thp khng c bo v khi b dy cu kin nh nht l: n 12(mm) t 13 n 20(mm) t 21 n 30(mm) t 31 n 50(mm) 21. Thp c bo v: a) Trt trn mt l|i hay tm b tng dy

Kh chy Kh chy

Kh chy

30 45 Khng chy 150 180 270 315 390

25 -

75 150 75 105 150 180 210 210

Khng chy Khng chy

Khng chy 2,5 5 6 7 6 15 18 20 24 45 120 150 180 120 Khng chy Khng chy Khng

b) Gch bnh th|ng hay gch silicat dy

tiu chun vit nam

11 3 6 8 4 5 7 8 10 -

tcvn 2622 : 1995

315 60 24 228 66 90 120 150 192 60 chy Khng chy

c)

Gch nhiu l dy

d) d) Tm thch cao dy

22. Ct g c mt ct khng t hn 20x20 cm |c bo v bng lp trt dy 2cm Sn v mi: 23. Sn v mi t tm phng b tng ct thp lp rp mt ct c, khi b dy ca lp b tng t cnh thp nht n tm b tng chu lc ko (xem ch thch 9) 20mm 30mm 40mm 50mm 24. Sn hay mi t tm b tng ct thp lp ghp (tm panen) vi g chu lc dc "pha d|i" cng nh| dm ngang, x dc khi chiu dy ca lp b tng t pha thp nht hay t cnh bn n tm ct thp chu lc ko dc (xem ch thch 10). 20mm 35mm 20mm 35mm 50mm v ln hn 20mm 30mm 50mm 20mm 30mm 40mm 50mm 60mm 25. Sn v mi trn dm thp ngang (x dc, ko) khi cc tm khng chy: a) Khi dm ngang, x dc, ko khng |c bo v

Kh chy

Khng chy 10 64 78 78 114 108 174 114 - 222

6,5 6,5 10 10 10 16 16 16 20 v cao hn 20 20 20 20

30 36 42 36 42 42 48 48 54 42 54 48 72 66 84 48 60 66 78 84 108 102 108 132 144

Khng chy

15

tiu chun vit nam

b) Khi dm ngang ca sn trn l|i (dn) |c bo v bng lp b tng hay lp trt dy: 35 mm 10mm 20mm 30mm Sn g vi vn lt sn hay tm lt v trt trn vn lt hay trn l|i, khi b dy lp trt 20mm Sn trn dm g ngang vi vn lt sn thch cao, khi c bo v pha d|i dm g ngang bng lp thch cao hay trt dy: 20mm 30mm Mi t cc tm fibr xi mng hay cc tm tn trn dm thp ngang (x dc, ko) khng c bo v Mi t panen ba lp vi khung fibr xi mng dy 10cm, vt thp c nh vi lp bo n t cht do xp Mi xi mng l|i thp khng |c bo v pha d|i. Kt cu cu thang thp: dm cu thang, dm ngang c bo v bng lp trt dy lcm. Lp l ca, ca s, ca tri, ca hm. Lp l ca bng khi knh rng khi xy bng va xi mng v t ct thp ngang trn b dy khi tch Lp l ca bng cnh thp mt lp hay b tng ct thp vi knh c ct kp knh bng ct thp, inh tn hay kp. Cng th, bng cnh hai lp

tcvn 2622 : 1995

65 -

36 45 90 150 45

Khng chy

26.

Khng chy Khng chy

27.

60 90 15

28.

29.

14

30

Kh chy

30. 31.

36 90

Khng chy Khng chy

32.

6 10 10

90 120 45

Khng chy Khng chy Khng chy

33.

34.

72

35. Lp l ca bng cnh thp mt lp hay cnh b tng ct thp vi knh c cht kp knh bng inh thp. 36. Lp l ca bng cnh thp vi mt lp hay cnh b tng ct thp vi knh cht c nh, kp knh bng ct thp ch hay inh thp tn sit. Ca di, ca np, cng 37. Vi tm cnh thp rng gia (c lp mng khng kh)

15

30

Khng chy

tiu chun vit nam

38. Cng th, khi che lp mng bng si khong hay bng khong 39. Vi tm cnh g ph bng lp cc tng aming dy khng t hn 5mm, vi tn lp chng (xem ch thch 12) 40. Ca i vi tm cnh g |c ngm tm chng chy hai mt g dn 8 3 4 5 4 6

tcvn 2622 : 1995

78 72 78 90 36 60 Khng chy Kh chy

Kh chy

Ch thch: 1) Gii hn chu la ca t|ng chu lc v t|ng ngn, c t panen trn lp va lt mch, |c xc nh theo tr s ch dn im 3; 4; 6 vi h s tnh ly theo ng sut trung bnh trong t hp ti trng tiu chun thng ng. a) T|ng theo im 3 dy qu 10 cm khi ng sut: 50Kg/cm2 v nh hn h s 1. 70KG/cm2 h s 0,7 ln hn 70 KGlcm2 theo kt qu th nghim Khi xc nh gii hn chu la ca t|ng b tng ct thp ton khi dy ln hn 10cm, h s ch dn cao hn phi tng 20%. Khi gii hn chu la phi ly khng qu ch dn im 3. b) T|ng theo im 4a, khi ng sut: 10 KG/cm2 v nh hn - h s 1 20 KG/cm2 v nh hn - h s 0,6 ln hn 20 KGlcm2 - theo kt qu th nghim c) T|ng theo im 4b khi ng sut: 10 KG/cm2 v nh hn h s 0,5 Ln hn 20 KG/cm2 - theo kt qu th nghim. d) T|ng theo im 6 khi ng sut: 30 KG/cm2 v nh hn h s 1 40 KG/cm2 v nh hn - h s 0,7 Ln hn 40 KG/cm2 - theo kt qu th nghim 2) Bo v cc u mi gia c ca kt cu phi bo m c|ng ca chng trong sut thi gian bng tr s gii hn chu la yu cu ca kt cu; Gii hn chu la gia c thp khng |c bo v quy nh theo d kin kt cu, phi ly bng 30 pht; 3) Ch bt khe h cc v tr k cn ca t|ng kiu treo v t|ng t mang vi cc b phn ca nh, phi c gii hn chu la bng gii hn chu la ca t|ng; 4) Khi lm t|ng ngn bng khi xy thch cao rng, gii hn chu la ch dn im 12 phi gim n 30%; 5) B dy ca t|ng ngn t khi xy keramzit rng, ch dn im 14, |c xc nh nh| tng b dy ca khi xy t|ng; 6) Gii hn chu la ca b tng nh, khi /|ng th tch 1200 kg/m3 v ln hn cng nh| cu mt khu chu un lm bng b tng silict, phi ly nh| i vi kt cu b tng ct thp.

tiu chun vit nam

tcvn 2622 : 1995

7) Gii hn chu la ca kt cu b tng nh khi l|ng th tch nh hn 1200 kg/m3 v b tng t ong, phi ly nh| i vi b tng ct thp vi h s 1,3; 8) Gii hn chu la ca tm panen v tm b tng nhiu l c g pha bn, phi ly theo im 2; 3 vi h s 0,9; 9) Gii hn chu la ca tm panen theo im 2; 3, ph thuc vo s tnh ton ca im ta phi ly: a) Khi ta t do theo hai pha i nhau - vi h s 1 b) Khi tra theo |ng vin - c lin h cc pha: 1: 1 vi h s 2,5 1: 1,5 vi h s 1,3 1: 1,5 vi h s 0,3 c) Khi gi theo hai pha i nhau cng nh| con sn, khi b dy ca tm: 8 cm v nh hn - vi h s 1,6 9 cm v nh hn - vi h s 1,8 10 cm v nh hn - vi h s 2 11 cm v nh hn - vi h s 2,8 12 cm v nh hn - vi h s 4 10) Gii hn chu la ca tm b tng lp rp c g pha d|i cng nh| dm ngang, thanh ngang v x dc phi ly theo iu 2.4 ph thuc vo s tnh ton im ta: a) Khi ta t do vi h s 1 b) Khi gi v lin h vi cc din tch ca mt ct ct thp pha bn gi ta v khu : 0,25: 1 - vi h s 1,22 0,50: 1 - vi h s 1,25 1: 1 - vi h s 1,5 1:1 - vi h s 2,5 11) Chiu dy cc phn g ca ca i pan v cng theo ch dn im 3; 9. Cc tng aming |c dng p cnh pan g, ca i, ca np v cng, cho php thay th bng ci ngm trong va t st dy 15mm, khi gii hn chu la c |c ch dn bng 38 cn gim n 15%. 12) B dy ca lp trt khng chy, /p trt v lp xen k trn sn l b dy chung ca kt c 13) Gii hn chu la ca t|ng ngn, khng ph thuc vo cc l ca ca chng. 14) Gii hn chu la |c ch dn im 9a i vi t|ng m trong khung panen g cc mi ngang v dc k st vi cc b phn nh hhng chy ca chng, |c bo v khi tc ng trc tip ca la. 15) Gii hn chu la v cc nhm chy |c ch dn im 7a,b,c thuc loi t|ng khng c l ca v c l ca lm ca s v ca i trong iu kin khi lp bo n d chy, |c bo v hai mt l ca k vi n l hp g dy khng t hn 40mm. Gii hn chu la |c ch dn im 7b v 7c cho, khi gi tm phng ca cc b phn sn v panen nm cao hn t|ng ngoi ln lp b tng chu la bn trong ca panen nm thp hn bc t|ng ngoi.

tiu chun vit nam

Ph lc D c im xy dng ca cc b phn cu to ngi nh v cng trnh chia theo bc chu la
Bc chu la ca ngi nh v cng trnh I (3) Vt liu t nhin hay nhn to, b tng hay b tng hc hay b tng ct thp vi gii hn chu la t nht 120 pht. Gch, snh, b tng than x, khi silicat bt b tng ct thp hay khi silicat ct bng l|i thp. i vi nh mt tng cho php dng tm fibr xi mng v tm tn ln sng vi gii hn chu la t nht 15 pht. II III IV (5) T|ng g sc, khung hay tm c lp bo v hai mt bng va fibr xi mng vi gii hn chu la t nht l 30 pht. Kt cu g c trt va hay tm fibr xi mng vi gii hn chu la t nht l 15 pht. V (6) T|ng g sc, khung hay x tm khng c lp bo v bng vt liu khng chy.

tcvn 2622 : 1995

B phn cu to ngi nh v cng trnh

(1) (2) T|ng chu lc Vt liu t nhin v t|ng bung hay nhn to, b tng, thang b tng hc hay bt tng ct thp vi gii hn chu la t nht 150 pht. T|ng rp vo Gch, snh, btng khung nh v than x, b tng ct t|ng khng thp v b tng bt c chu lc ct bng l|i thp hoc tm b tng bt c ct thp vi gii hn chu la t nht 30 pht.

T|ng ng vn g hay p gia cc ct khng c lp bo v bng vt liu khng chy.

G c lp va bo v G khng c vt liu vi gii hn chu la t bo v bng vt liu nht 30 pht. khng chy

Ct tr

Gch, b tng, b tng ct thp cng nh| thp c lp bo v khi chy vi gii hn chu la t nht 150 pht.

Gch, b tng, b tng ct thp c lp bo v khng b chy vi gii hn chu la t nht 120 pht. i vi nh sn xut mt tng v nhiu tng hng D v E khng cha cht lng c th t chy th c th dng kt cu thp khng c lp bo v gii hn chu la t

(4) Vt liu t nhin hay nhn to hay b tng hc hay b tng ct thp vi gii hn chu la t nht 120 pht Gch, snh, b tng than x, khi silicat bt b tng ct thp, tm b tng ct thp bng ct thp l|i hay sili ct bt c ct thp l|i, fibr xi mng ln sng vi gii hn chu la t nht l 15 pht. Gch, b tng, b tng ct thp cng nh| thp c lp bo v khi b chy vi gii hn chu la t nht 120 pht.

tiu chun vit nam

tcvn 2622 : 1995

Sn g c lp bo v Sn g khng c lp bng va hay bng bo v bng vt liu fibr xi mng vi gii khng chy. hn chu la t nht 15 pht.

Sn gc v sn gip mi

Vm gch. Kt cu b tng ct thp sn c sn v kt cu ti ch vi dn thp hay dn an bng b tng ct thp c lp bo v khi b chy vi gii hn chu la t nht 90 pht.

Sn g c va vi gii hn chu la t nht 45 pht, cng nh| sn g t trn dm thp c lp bo v vi gii hn chu la t nht 45 pht, tng phn ring ca sn khng chy vi gii hn chu la t nht 45 pht.

Mi khng c Kt cu b tng ct tng gip mi thp vi gii hn chu la t nht 90 pht.

Kt cu bng g Kt cu bng g Kt cu bng g khng c lp bo v khng c lp bo v khng c lp bo v

T|ng ngn

Vt liu khng chy vi gii hn chu la t nht 30 pht.

nht 2 gi. Vm gch, kt cu b tng ct thp, sn c sn hay kt cu ti ch vi dm thp hay dm bng b tng ct thp c lp bo v khi b chy vi gii hn chu la t nht 45 pht. i vi nh sn xut mt tng cng nh| nh nhiu tng hng v E vi iu kin khng cha cht lng chy |c th c th dng kt cu thp khng c lp bo v vi gii hn chu la t nht l 15 pht. Kt cu thp khng c lp bo v cng nh| dm b tng ng sut tr|c vi gii hn chu la t nht l 15 pht. Vt liu khng chy vi gii hn chu la t nht 15 pht.

Trn nh

T|ng ngn chy

T|ng ngn bng g T|ng ngn bng g c lp bo v vi gii c lp bo v vi gii hn chu la t nht 15 hn chu la t nht 15 pht. pht. Vt liu khng chy Vt liu khng chy vi gii Vt liu kh chy vi Vt liu d chy. vi gii hn chu la hn chu la t nht 15 pht. gii hn chu la t t nht 45 pht. nht 15 pht. Vt liu t nhin hay nhn to, b tng, b tng ct thp vi gii hn chu la t nht 150 pht.

T|ng ngn bng g khng c lp bo v bng vt liu khng chy. Vt liu d chy.