Professional Documents
Culture Documents
ti: Thit k nh my mt du
GVHD: C V Th Hoan
Nhm thc hin: HTP4
CHNG 1
TNG QUAN
1.1. Tng quan sn phm mt qu
Mt rim
Mt nhuyn
Mt kh
Mt ming ng
Mt ng
GVHD: C V Th Hoan
Nhm thc hin: HTP4
Du
-
Hnh Du ty
GVHD: C V Th Hoan
Nhm thc hin: HTP4
c th, lm mu huyt lu thng, ng thi c tc dng trn tnh an thn, tng sc khng,
chng nhim trng, nhim c, cm cm v chng stress. Vi ngi ht thuc l hay ngi
ht thuc l th ng, cc acid hu c c trong du ty c hiu qu gim nh tc hi ca
thuc l cho c th.
Bng Thnh phn dinh dng ca qu du ty
1.2.2.
ng
- ng cho vo phi ln hn 50% so vi khi lng nguyn liu. ng gip to gel tt, to
v ngt cho sn phm, ngn chn s pht trin cu vi sinh vt trong qu trnh bo qun. Nn
s dng ng ct trng, khng s dng ng vng lm nh hng n mu sc v mi cu
sn phm. Loi ng s dng cho sn phm mt du l saccharose.
- C th thay mt phn ng bng siro ng hoc mt ong c mu sng. Tuy nhin khng
Pectin
- Pectin l thnh phn t nhin c sn trong tri du, c hnh thnh do s thu phn
Protopectin trong qu trnh chn cu qu du. Pectin l thnh phn quan trng hnh thnh
gel. Pectin to gel tt nht khi qu va chn ti, qu cha chn hoc chn qu s rt kh to
gel. Lng pectin trong du thng c hm lng thp, do khi ch bin phi b sung thm
pectin.
3
GVHD: C V Th Hoan
Nhm thc hin: HTP4
Pectin
DE
c tnh
ng dng
CF201
68-72%
To gel nhanh
SS>58%,p H 2.9-3.3
CF301
65-70%
To gel v
SS>58%,p H 2.9-3.3
CF401
60-64%
To gel chm
SS>58%,p H 2.9-3.3
CF501
56-62%
To gel rt chm
SS>58%,p H 2.9-3.3
SS : ng
DE : ch s dextrin
1.2.4.
Acid
- Acid cng l thnh phn quan trong trong vic hnh thnh gel cho sn phm. Trong du c
GVHD: C V Th Hoan
Nhm thc hin: HTP4
CHNG 2
LP LUN KINH T
2.1. Nguyn tc chn a im xy dng nh my
-
Din tch khu t chn phi rng, thong, c tim nng pht trin kinh t
a. Mc ch xy dng nh my
-
GVHD: C V Th Hoan
Nhm thc hin: HTP4
Giao thng vn ti
Ngun lao ng
a hnh v c im khu t
Ngun in - nc
Nhn t chnh
Ngun nguyn liu
Giao thng vn ti
Ngun lao ng
Th trng tiu th
a hnh v c im khu t
Ngun in
Ngun nc
TV1
9
8
7
9
5
7
8
TV2
8
8
8
8
5
7
8
TV3
8
7
7
7
6
6
7
TV4
9
7
8
8
7
5
8
TV5
8
9
6
7
7
7
8
TNG
42
39
36
39
30
32
39
%
16
15
14
15
12
12.5
15
Cc nhn t chnh
1. Ngun nguyn liu (16%)
2. Giao thng vn ti (15%)
3. Ngun lao ng (14%)
4. Th trng tiu th (15%)
5. c im khu t (12%)
6. Ngun in (12.5%)
7. Ngun nc (15%)
Cc yu t nh hng
Khong cch n vng nguyn liu chnh (13%)
Khong cch n vng nguyn liu ph (3%)
ng thy (5%)
ng b (10%)
Gi thu lao ng (7%)
Vng tuyn lao ng (7%)
Khong cch n th trng tiu th (11%)
Cnh tranh (4%)
Cu trc nn t (9%)
L lt (3%)
Qua mng li chung (10.5%)
Qua trm pht ring (2%)
Gi nc cp (5%)
6
GVHD: C V Th Hoan
Nhm thc hin: HTP4
c im ca ngun nc (10%)
2.2.2.
a. a im 1: KCN Bin Ha II
Bng Thng tin v KCN Bin Ha II
c im
V tr a l
Khong cch n cc
v tr quan trng
Chi tit
- Thuc a bn tnh ng Nai, mt trong cc vng kinh t trng
im pha Nam v l a phng tp trung rt nhiu KCN ca c
nc.
- Nm trn quc l 1A thuc phng Long Bnh, Thnh ph Bin
Ha, tnh ng Nai. Nm gip vi Trung tm Siu th BigC.
- Pha Ty Bc gip Quc l 1.
- Pha ng Bc gip Quc l 15A.
- Pha Ty Nam gip Quc l 51 (giao l ng Nai Tp.H Ch
Minh Vng Tu).
- Cch thnh ph Bin Ha 5 km.
- Cch Tp.HCM khong 25 km v hng ng Bc.
- Cch Tp.Vng Tu khong 90 km.
- Cch Cng Ph M 44 km.
- Cch Cng Si Gn 30 km.
- Cch Cng ng Nai 2 km.
- Cch Ga Si Gn 28 km.
b. a im 2: KCN Bin Ha I
Bng Thng tin v KCN Bin Ha I
c im
V tr a l
Din tch
Khong cch n cc
v tr quan trng
Chi tit
- Thuc tnh ng Nai, mt trong cc vng kinh t trng im
pha Nam v l a phng tp trung rt nhiu khu cng nghip
ca c nc.
- Mt mt gip Quc l 1, tuyn giao thng Bc Nam v im
giao l gia ng Nai Tp. H Ch Minh Vng Tu.
- 335 ha
- Cch thnh ph Bin Ha 5 km.
- Cch thnh ph H Ch Minh 25 km.
- Cch Sn bay quc t Tn Sn Nht 30 km.
- Cch Cng Ph M 44 km.
- Cch Cng Si Gn 30 km.
- Cch Cng ng Nai 2 km.
- Cch Ga Si Gn 28 km.
7
Giao thng
Cp in
Cp nc
X l nc thi
GVHD: C V Th Hoan
Nhm thc hin: HTP4
c im
V tr a l
Khong cch n cc
v tr quan trng
Din tch
Hng gi
iu kin sn xut
(cc cng trnh ph)
Giao thng
Chi tit
- Nm pha Bc tnh Bnh Dng.
- Nm trn tuyn giao thng chnh va mi m rng 06 ln xe
(Quc L 13) ni lin Bnh Dng - Trung tm TP.HCM, sn bay
v cng bin.
- Cch Th x Th Du Mt 18 km.
- Cch thnh ph H Ch Minh 38 km.
6.200 ha
ng Nam
- Nh my x l nc thi giai on 1: 4.000m3/ngy m t
tiu chun
- Cung cp in, nc, bu chnh vin thng lin lc theo gi
gc do nh nc qui nh.
- Nh cng nhn c xy dng hon chnh.
- Tr s Hi Quan ti KCN.
- An ninh trt t 24/24, c i phng chy, cha chy do lc
lng chuyn nghip m nhn, trang thit b cha chy hin
i.
- ng ni b: Ton b h thng ng ni b rng 25-62m
(Mt nha rng 15 m v mi bn hnh lang rng 5 m) vi ti
trng chu lc ti 40-60 tn/01xe ti. Thun rt thun tin trong
vic vn chuyn v phn phi sn phm.
- Quc l 13 kt ni cc tuyt ng giao thng huyt mch
ca ton quc.
- Tuyt xe bus t Tp.HCM n trung tm th x v ni trc tip
vi KCN, to iu kin thun li cho ngi lao ng.
- D n ng cao tc M Phc- Tn Vn (khi cng nm
2008), vi quy m 6 ln xe cho ng cao tc, c b tr ng
ch trnh nn cho xe t (Rng khong 2m).
Bng Bng cho im la chn cc a im
Cc nhn t
Mc nh gi
8
im
a im
GVHD: C V Th Hoan
Nhm thc hin: HTP4
39
39
4
3
2
1
3
2
1
3
2
1
3
2
1
1
2
3
3
2
1
3
2
1
3
2
1
3
2
1
1
2
3
3
2
1
3
2
1
13
26
9
6
15
15
5
5
30
10
20
14
14
21
21
20
21
7
14
33
33
11
11
12
4
27
9
18
18
21
21
3
9
31.5
10.5
6
2
6
4
GVHD: C V Th Hoan
Nhm thc hin: HTP4
7. Ngun nc
Cao
Gi nc cp
Trung bnh
R
Rt ph hp
c im ngun nc
Ph hp
Phi qua x l
Tng im
Th t v a im c chn
1
2
3
3
2
1
5
5
10
10
30
10
282.5
1
20
20
241
2
194
3
10
GVHD: C V Th Hoan
Nhm thc hin: HTP4
CHNG 3
QUY TRNH CNG NGH SN XUT MT DU
Nguyn liu
Phn loi
Bo qun
Ra
Ph
phm
Chn
C c
L thy tinh
Rt l
X l
Acid Citric
Dn nhn, bao gi
Sn phm
11
3.1.
GVHD: C V Th Hoan
Nhm thc hin: HTP4
Nguyn liu
- Du nguyn liu l loi Fragaria ananassa. Du t tiu chun sn xut: kch c va, va
khi lng du nguyn liu, t l ng: du thng vo khong 1:2. Ty theo chn ca
du, lng ng s thay i. Lng du chn tiu chun sn xut phi t ti thiu 97%
lng nguyn liu thu vo (ti a l 3% du cha t chn).
3.2. Vn chuyn, tip nhn v bo qun nguyn liu
- Mc ch: Nguyn liu c m bo cht lng tt nht trc khi a vo sn xut.
- C s quy trnh:
o Vn chuyn: Du c vn chuyn t Lt bng xe ti. Du c ng trong st xp,
12
GVHD: C V Th Hoan
Nhm thc hin: HTP4
liu. Sau khi ra, hm lng vi sinh vt c th gim i vi nghn ln n vi chc nghn ln,
lng cht tp cng c gim ng k.
- C s quy trnh: Nguyn liu tri qua 2 giai on l ngm cho b v ra xi. Ngm l qu
Nguyn liu vo my c ko i trn bng ti, qua thng ngm ngm cho b, sau
c xi nh li nh h thng vi phun gn ngay pha trn bng ti, trc khi ra khi my.
Khng kh c qut gi thi vo thng ngm lm o trn nguyn liu trong nc, nh
nguyn liu va chm vi nhau v vi nc, gip cht bn ha tan vo nc d dng.
- Yu cu k thut: Nguyn liu ra xong phi sch, khng dp nt v nh vy s to iu
kin cho vi sinh vt pht trin. Kim sot hm lng cc cht dinh dng trong nguyn liu
d ha tan vo nc ra nh vitamin, ng, mui khong bng cch kim sot thi gian
ra v lng nc ra. Lng nc s dng xut l 0,7 1 lt/kg du. Cht lng nc
ra phi t ch tiu cng khng qu 20 mg/ml, khng nhim st, c th kt hp clorua vi
kh trng (100mg/l)
Hnh My ra thi kh
1 Thng ngm; 2 Bng ti; 3 Qut gi; 4 - ng thi kh
3.4. Chn
- Mc ch: Qu trnh chn bi kh cho qu trnh c c, lm mm nguyn liu, tng tnh thm
n 5 pht. Sau khi chn cn lm ngui ngay trnh bin i ha sinh khng nh mong
mun.
13
GVHD: C V Th Hoan
Nhm thc hin: HTP4
- Thit b: S dng thit b chn lm ngui kiu ngc dng thit k IQB. mi cng on
u c bng chuyn ring, do , thc phm trnh b gip nt do o trn. Bng chuyn A
tip nhn nguyn liu, gia nhit bng h thng phun nc nng A, sau gia nhit trong bn
B. Sau khi vt ra khi bn B, du s c gi thnh lp dy bng chuyn C n khi t
c thi gian cn thit. Cui cng du c lm ngui bn D v kt thc nh h thng
phun tia nc lnh E. u im thit b ny l quy tc ngc dng: nc bn D ch cn gia
nhit mt t l c th s dng cho bn B, tit kim c nhit lng v nc x l.
3.5. Nghin
- Mc ch: Lm nh nguyn liu n kch thc yu cu tng hiu sut c c nh vo
C c
14
GVHD: C V Th Hoan
Nhm thc hin: HTP4
- Mc ch: Phi trn hn hp bao gm: nguyn liu nghin, ng, pectin, acid v gia
thm ng, pectin. ng lm tng nng cht tan, gip mt qu sau khi c c c th
bo qun lu di m khng dng cht bo qun. Pectin gip to ng (gel) cho sn phm.
Do pectin d b phn hy bi nhit nn vic tao gel phi c thc hin cui qu trnh nu.
ng v pectin c chia thnh nhiu phn cho vo dch c c trnh hin tng pectin
b vn cc. Acid citric c chc nng chng oxi ha, nghch chuyn ng saccharose lm
tng ngt, lm tng pH ca dch c c ln khong 2,5 3,3 pectin to gel tt nht.
Ta c th thay th acid citric bng acid ascorbic, tuy nhin acid ascorbic gi thnh cao v d
b phn hy bi nhit.
- Thit b: S dng h thng c c chn khng 3 cp tun hon. u im ca loi thit b ny
3.7. Rt l
- Mc ch: a mt du thnh phm vo l thy tinh bao b.
- C s qu trnh: Qu trnh c thc hin ngay sau khi c c. Nhit nng s d dng rt
vng s phn phi sn phm vo l thy tinh v y np. L thy tinh c x l trc
phn xng x l l. Kch thc l s dng l loi 227g.
15
2.1.
2.2.
GVHD: C V Th Hoan
Nhm thc hin: HTP4
Ch tiu ha hc
- Nng cht kh cao: 68 1%
16
2.3.
2.4.
GVHD: C V Th Hoan
Nhm thc hin: HTP4
- Hm lng acid: 6%
- pH: 3,5 4,5
Ch tiu cm quan
- Mu: mu t nhin, tng t nh mu qu nguyn liu. Nu sm mu hn chng t
b caramel ha khi c c.
- trong: sn phm ng nht, trong, khng b vn c, khng c bt kh ln vo sn
phm.
- Mi: mi thm t nhin ca du. Khng c mi sn phm b t bi mi pectin hay
mi ng.
- V: v ngt ca ng ha quyn vi v ngt t nhin ca du. V chua ca acid thanh
nh, d chu, khng qu gt.
Ch tiu v sinh, an ton thc phm
- Sn phm c ng cao, c rt l nng v y kn kh nn rt t b nhim vi sinh
Cht bo 0.4g
Cht bo bo ha 0g
Cht bo khng bo ha a 0.2g
Cht bo khng bo ha n 0.1g
Cholesterol 0mg
Na 41mg
K 190mg
Carbohydrat 187.4g
Cht x 4.2g
Protein 0.9g
17
Vit. A 15mcg
Vit. B6 0.1mg
Vit. C 71mg
Ca 23mg
Mg 16mg
Fe 1 mg
GVHD: C V Th Hoan
Nhm thc hin: HTP4
CHNG 4
CN BNG VT LIU
4.1. S ca lm vic
Mi ngy nh my hot ng 2 ca: mi ca 6 ting:
- Ca 1: 7h -13h
- Ca 2: 13h -19h
Tn tht
Tn tht trong qu trnh phn loi, loi cung
Tn tht trong qu trnh ra
Tn tht trong qu trnh chn
Tn tht trong qu trnh nghin nguyn liu
Tng cng
Gi tr (%)
5
1.2
1
0.5
7.7
Bng thng k gi tr tn tht khi phi trn du v cc nguyn liu (so vi lng nguyn liu u vo)
Tn tht
Tn tht trong qu trnh c c
Tn tht trong qu trnh rt vo l, bao gi
Tng cng
4.3.
-
ng: 1 tn (t l ng : du l 1:1)
Gi tr (%)
30
0.2
20.2
4.3.1.
GVHD: C V Th Hoan
Nhm thc hin: HTP4
- Tn tht: 5%
- Nhp liu: 2 tn du
- Thu c: 2 (100% 5%) = 1.9 (tn)
4.3.2.
Qu trnh ra
- Tn tht: 1.2%
- u vo: 1.9 tn
- Thu c: 1.9 2 1.2% = 1.876 (tn)
4.3.3.
Qu trnh chn
- Tn tht: 1%
- u vo: 1.876 tn
- Thu c: 1.876 2 1% = 1.856 (tn)
4.3.4.
- Tn tht: 0.5%
- u vo: 1.856 tn
- Thu c: 1.856 2 0.5% = 1.846 (tn)
4.3.5.
Qu trnh c c
- Tn tht: 30%
- u vo: 1.846 tn du c nghin, phi trn vi cc nguyn liu cn li gm:
ng: 1 tn
Pectin: 0.02 tn
Acid citic: 0.02 tn
Tng lng nguyn liu u vo l: 1.846 + 1 + 0.02 + 0.02 = 2.886 tn
- Thu c: 2.886 2.886 30% = 2.0202 (tn)
4.3.6.
Qu trnh rt vo l, bao gi
19
GVHD: C V Th Hoan
Nhm thc hin: HTP4
- Tn tht: 0.2%
- u vo: 2.0202 tn
- Thu c: 2.0202 2.886 0.2% = 2.014428 (tn)
4.4. Tiu hao nguyn liu theo thi gian sn xut
- 1 nm c 12 thng lm vic, chia lm 4 qu
- Mi qu c 3 thng.
- 1 thng c 25 ngy sn xut
- 1 ngy c 2 ca lm vic.
- 1 ca c 6 gi lm vic
- Khi lng mt thc t trong mt ngy sn xut c: 2020.2 tn (2020.2kg) mt du dng
jam.
- ng thnh h loi 227gram (0.227kg).
- Thnh phm c
2020.2
8899 (h).
0.227
Ngy (2 ca)
Nguyn liu
3.04 tn
Sn phm
2.0202 tn
Tp cht, ph phm 1.0198 tn
20
Nm (12 thng)
912 tn
606.06 tn
305.94 tn
GVHD: C V Th Hoan
Nhm thc hin: HTP4
CHNG 5
TNH CN BNG NNG LNG TNH IN NC
4.4. Tnh cn bng nng lng
*Tnh hi
Nh my dng hi nc bo ha cp nhit trc tip hay gin tip trong qu trnh thanh
trng chai l, bao b v c bit l dng trong qu trnh c c sn phm. Ngoi ra, hi nc bo
ha cn c ng dng v sinh thit b, nh xng.
Nhit lng cn thit gia nhit cho hn hp cn c c:
Q1 = D1 .r = G.C.t + Qm (KJ)
Trong :
D1: lng hi cn cho qu trnh gia nhit (kg)
r: n nhit ha hi hoc ngng t ca hi nc bo ha 7at (KJ/kg); r = 2075 ( KJ / kg )
G: lng nguyn liu u vo (kg); G = 2886 kg
C: nhit dung ring ca hn hp nguyn liu ( 2.8 KJ/kg.)
t = t 2 t1 : hiu s gia nhit nhp liu ban u (t1) v nhit cui qu trnh gia nhit
GVHD: C V Th Hoan
Nhm thc hin: HTP4
Ni hi t du - gas ng l lch tm
1000
7
183
25
65
71
61
3.4
1.6
1.9
4150
24.7
0.45
1.8
Cng sut
SL
S gi lm
Tng in
(KW/h)
vic (h/ngy)
Bng chuyn ng
0.5
1
5
2.5
My ra thi kh
24
1
3
72
Thit b chn IQB
40
1
1
40
My ct nh
3
1
2
6
My nh nhuyn
31.5
1
6
189
Thit b c c chn khng
45
1
2
90
Thit b ra l kiu bng ti
5
1
2
10
My rt l kiu xoay vng
12
1
3
36
My dn nhn
3.5
1
1
3.5
Bm
0.5
7
3
10.5
Tng cng
168
459.5
- Cng sut ph tr l 10% cng sut ng lc ca ng c, thit b
- Cng sut ng lc ca ng c, thit b: Pl = 168 (100% + 10%) = 184.8 (KW)
GVHD: C V Th Hoan
Nhm thc hin: HTP4
S bng n cn: n =
- in nng dng cho chiu sng trong ngy (lm vic 2 ca tc 12h lm vic):
Acs = 7.72 12 = 92.64 (KWh)
GVHD: C V Th Hoan
Nhm thc hin: HTP4
Ptt
Ptt2 + (Qtt Qb ) 2
Trong :
Qtt l cng sut phn khng; Qtt = Ptt tg1 (KVA)
Qb l dung lng b; Qb = Ptt (tg1 tg 2 ) (KVA)
1 , 2 ln lt l gc ca h s cng sut lc u v gc ca h s cng sut sau khi nng ln.
- H s cng sut mong mun t c sau khi nng ln l cos 2 = 0.9 tg 2 = 0.484
T , ta c:
Qtt = 110.88 1.333 = 147.803 (KVA)
Qb = 110.88 (1.333 0.484) = 94.137 (KVA)
H s cng sut:
cos tt =
110.88
110.88 2 + (147.803 94.137 ) 2
0.9001135
5.2.3.2. Xc nh s t in (n)
- Chn loi t in c cng sut nh mc l 10KW.
- S t in cn dng:
n=
Qb 94.137
=
(t), chn 10 t
q
10
P
117.828
=
= 130.903 (KW)
cos tt 0.9001135
24
GVHD: C V Th Hoan
Nhm thc hin: HTP4
100
= 163.629 (KW)
80
5.3.3. Nc ra chai l
- Vi 4 bn nc ra, mi bn cha 2m3 nc, sau mi ca thay nc mt ln.
- Lng nc cn dng:
V3 = 4 2 2 = 16 (m3/ngy)
5.3.4. Nc lm mt thit b c c
V4 = 8m3/ngy, lng nc ny c tun hon lm mt cho thit b trong ngy.
5.3.5. Nc dng trong ni hi
Lng nc cn cho thit b: 1.8m3, trnh hao ht v tht thot trong qu trnh lm vic, ta
dng lng nc l V5 = 2m3/ngy.
Tng lng nc cn dng cho cc qu trnh ch bin trong mt ngy:
V = V1 + V2 + V3 + V4 + V5 = 1.6 + 8 + 16 + 8 + 2 = 35.6 (m3/ngy)
5.3.6. Nc v sinh thit b, nh xng, nc sinh hot
Ton nh my c 42 ngi
- Nc dng cho nh n tp th: 30lt/1ngi.1ngy.
V6 = 42 30 = 1260 (lt/ngy) tc 1.26m3/ngy
GVHD: C V Th Hoan
Nhm thc hin: HTP4
V = Vi = 38.54 (m3/ngy)
i =1
26
GVHD: C V Th Hoan
Nhm thc hin: HTP4
CHNG 6
THIT K MT BNG
6.1. Thit k mt bng phn xng chnh
- Din tch: S = 30m x 16m
- Thit b c sp xp dc theo chu vi ca phn xng.
- Phn xng chnh c t cnh kho nguyn liu chnh v ph thun tin cho vic tip nhn
GVHD: C V Th Hoan
Nhm thc hin: HTP4
GVHD: C V Th Hoan
Nhm thc hin: HTP4
CHNG 7
H THNG X L NC THI
7.1.
7.2.
Vi nhng c im ca t nhin cng nh thnh phn tnh cht ca nc thi trong qu trnh
sn xut mt du, ta c th la chn quy trnh x l nc thi theo phng php vt l.
7.3.
Bng Gi tr gii hn cc thng s, nng cc cht nhim trong nc thi cng nghip.
TT
Thng s
1
2
3
Nhit
pH
Mi
Mu sc, Co-Pt
n v
o
C
-
29
Gi tr gii hn
A
B
C
40
40
45
6 n 9 5,5 n 9 5 n 9
Khng
Khng
kh chu kh chu
20
50
-
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
GVHD: C V Th Hoan
Nhm thc hin: HTP4
pH=7
BOD5 (20oC)
mg/l
30
50
COD
mg/l
50
80
Cht rn l lng
mg/l
50
100
Asen
mg/l
0,05
0,1
Thy ngn
mg/l
0,005
0,01
Ch
mg/l
0,1
0,5
Cadimi
mg/l
0,005
0,01
Crom (IV)
mg/l
0,05
0,1
Crom (III)
mg/l
0,2
1
ng
mg/l
2
2
Km
mg/l
3
3
Niken
mg/l
0,2
0,5
Mangan
mg/l
0,5
1
St
mg/l
1
5
Thic
mg/l
0,2
1
Xianua
mg/l
0,07
0,1
Phenol
mg/l
0,1
0,5
Du m khong
mg/l
5
5
Du ng thc vt
mg/l
10
20
Clo d
mg/l
1
2
PCBs
mg/l
0,003
0,01
Ha cht bo v thc mg/l
0,3
1
vt: Ln hu c
Ha cht bo v thc mg/l
0,1
0,1
vt: Clo hu c
Sunfua
mg/l
0,2
0,5
Florua
mg/l
5
10
Clorua
mg/l
500
600
Amoni (tnh theo mg/l
5
10
Nit)
Tng nit
mg/l
15
30
Tng phtpho
mg/l
4
6
Coliform
MPN/1
3000
5000
00ml
Xt nghim sinh hc
90% c sng st sau
(Bioassay)
96 gi trong 100%
nc thi
Tng hot phng Bq/l
0,1
0,1
x
Tng hot phng Bq/l
1,0
1,0
x
30
100
400
200
0,5
0,01
1
0,5
0,5
2
5
5
2
5
10
5
0,2
1
10
30
0,05
1
15
1000
15
60
8
-
GVHD: C V Th Hoan
Nhm thc hin: HTP4
31
GVHD: C V Th Hoan
Nhm thc hin: HTP4
CHNG 8
TNH KINH T
*Tnh vn lu ng
- Gi cung cp in:
Gi cao im
0 VND/KWH
Gi bnh thng
815 VND/KWH
Gi thp im
0 VND/KWH
Hng thng
- Gi cung cp nc:
Gi nc sch (m3)
Thng tin khc
Phng thc thanh ton
4590 VND
Tnh theo gi Nh nc
Hng thng
Du
Diesel
0.05s
Du FO
Gas
ng
Du ty
Lng
65kg/h
71kg/h
61kg/h
1 tn/ng
2 tn/ng
KLR
0.87kg/l
0.929kg/l
Hng thng
1868.81(l)
1913.7(l)
1525kg
25 tn
50 tn
Pectin
Acid
citric
20kg/ng 20kg/ng
500kg
500kg
- S tin doanh nghip phi chi cho s nguyn liu tiu th hng thng l:
STT
1
2
3
Loi nguyn,
nhin liu
Du diesel 0.05s
Du FO
Gas
Lng tiu th
hng thng
1868.81 (l)
1913.7(l)
1525kg
32
Gi sn phm
Thnh tin
14,750/l
12,690/l
22,500/kg
27,550,287.36
24,285,444.74
34,312,500.00
4
5
6
7
Tng
ng
Du ty
Pectin
Acid citric
25 tn
50 tn
500kg
500kg
GVHD: C V Th Hoan
Nhm thc hin: HTP4
16,000/kg
18,000/kg
240000/kg
55,000/kg
1,389,098,232
400,000,000
900,000,000
120,000,000
27,500,000
- Vy tng s tin doanh nghip phi chi cho mt thng mua nguyn, nhin liu v chi tr
H s lng
H s ph cp
Mc lng c bn
(VN)
Mc thu nhp
(VN)
Gim c (1)
K ton trng (1)
K s chnh (1)
K ton (4)
K s (14)
Cng nhn (67)
6.2
4.33
4.33
2.34
2.34
1.55
12
7,2
7,2
3.8
3.58
0.45
5,456,000
3,810,400
3,810,400
2,059,200
2,059,200
1,364,000
16,016,000
10,146,400
10,146,400
5,403,200
5,209.600
1,760,000
Ghi ch: *Mc lng = (H s lng x mc lng ti thiu doanh nghip p dng).
Vy tng s tin doanh nghip phi tr cho nhn vin trong 1 thng l 248,776,000
S thu doanh nghip ng cho nhn vin bng 30.5% mc lng c bn ca mi ngi.
S tin m doanh nghip phi ng thu l 43,166,772
Vn lu ng ca doanh nghip phi chi hng thng l: 1,701,674,873
33
GVHD: C V Th Hoan
Nhm thc hin: HTP4
22.000.
Vy tng doanh thu rng ca doanh nghip hng thng l 4,894,450,000. Khu tr cc
khon chi ph ca vn lu ng, ta c doanh thu rng ca doanh nghip hng thng l
3,192,775,127.
Do khng th iu tra chnh xc gi th trng ca cc thit b my mc nn nhm thc hin
34
GVHD: C V Th Hoan
Nhm thc hin: HTP4
PH LC
B TI NGUYN V MI TRNG
------------------------------S: 22/2006/Q-BTNMT
c lp T do Hnh phc
------------------------------H Ni, ngy 18 thng 12 nm 2006
QUYT NH
V vic bt buc p dng Tiu chun Vit Nam v mi trng
---------------------------------B TRNG B TI NGUYN V MI TRNG
Cn c Lut Bo v mi trng ngy 29 thng 11 nm 2005;
Cn c Ngh nh s 80/2006/N-CP 09 thng 8 nm 2006 ca Chnh ph v quy
nh chi tit v hng dn thi hnh mt s iu ca Lut Bo v mi trng;
Cn c Ngh nh s 91/2002/N-CP ngy 11 thng 11 nm 2002 ca Chnh ph
quy nh chc nng, nhim v, quyn hn v c cu t chc ca B Ti nguyn v Mi
trng;
Sau khi thng nht vi B Khoa hc v Cng ngh v vic thay th cc tiu chun
Vit Nam v mi trng ban hnh km theo Quyt nh s 35/2002/Q-BKHCNMT ngy
25 thng 6 nm 2002 ca B trng B Khoa hc, Cng ngh v Mi trng (Cng vn s
2907/BKHCN-TC ngy 30 thng 10 nm 2006);
Xt ngh ca V trng V Mi trng v V trng V Php ch,
QUYT NH
iu 1. Bt buc p dng 05 Tiu chun Vit Nam v mi trng do B trng B
Khoa hc v Cng ngh ban hnh to Quyt nh s 1696/Q-BKHCN ngy 28 thng 7
nm 2006:
-TCVN 5937:2005 - Cht lng khng kh Tiu chun cht lng khng kh
xung quanh.
-TCVN 5938:2005 Cht lng khng kh Nng ti a cho php ca mt s
cht c hi trong khng kh xung quanh.
-TCVN 5939:2005 Cht lng khng kh Tiu chun kh thi cng nghip i
vi bi v cc cht v c.
-TCVN 5940:2005 Cht lng khng kh Tiu chun kh thi cng nghip i
vi mt s cht hu c.
-TCVN 5945:2005 Nc thi cng nghip Tiu chun thi.
iu 2. p dng ct B, Bng 1 TCVN 5939:2005, h s vng (Kv) v h s lu
lng ngun thi (Kp) i vi cc c s sn xut, ch bin, kinh doanh, dch v xy dng
mi.
35
GVHD: C V Th Hoan
Nhm thc hin: HTP4
36
GVHD: C V Th Hoan
Nhm thc hin: HTP4
PH LC 2
QUY NH
H S LU LNG NGUN THI (Kf), H S LU LNG / DUNG TCH
NGUN TIP NHN (Kq) V PHNG PHP TNH NNG TI A CHO
PHP CA CC CHT NHIM TRONG NC THI CNG NGHIP
(Ban hnh km theo Quyt nh s 22/2006/Q-BTNMT ngy 18 thng 12 nm 2006
ca B trng B Ti nguyn v Mi trng)
1.Cng thc tnh nng ti a cho php cc cht nhim trong nc thi cng
nghip
a)Nng ti a cho php cc cht nhim trong nc thi ca cc c s sn xut, ch
bin, kinh doanh, dch v thi ra cc vc nc c tnh nh sau:
Cmax = C x Kq x Kf
Trong :
Cmax l nng ti a cho php ca cht nhim trong nc thi ca c s sn
xut, ch bin, kinh doanh, dch v thi ra cc vc nc, tnh bng miligam trn lt nc
thi (mg/l);
C l gi tr nng ti a cho php ca cht nhim quy nh trong Tiu chun
Vit Nam TCVN 5945:2005;
Kq l h s theo lu lng / dung tch ngun tip nhn nc thi.
Kf l h s theo lu lng ngun thi.
b)Khng p dng cng thc tnh nng ti a cho php trong nc thi cng nghip cho
ct C v cc thng s c s th t t 1 n 4, t 34 n 37 quy nh trong Bng 1 ca
TCVN 5945: 2005.
2.Gi tr h s Kq
a)Gi tr h s Kq i vi ngun tip nhn nc thi l sng c quy nh ti Bng 1B
di y.
Bng 1B: Gi tr h s Kq ng vi lu lng dng chy ca sng tip nhn ngun
nc thi.
Lu lng dng chy ca sng tip nhn ngun nc thi
Gi tr h s Kq
3
n v tnh: mt khi/giy (m /s)
Q 50
0,9
50 < Q 200
1
Q > 200
1,1
Q l lu lng dng chy ca sng tip nhn ngun nc thi. Gi tr Q c tnh theo gi
tr trung bnh 03 thng kh kit nht trong 03 nm lin tip (s liu ca Trung tm Kh
tng Thy vn Quc gia). Trng hp cc knh, rch, sui nh khng c s liu v lu
lng th gi tr Kq = 0,9.
37
GVHD: C V Th Hoan
Nhm thc hin: HTP4
Gi tr h s Kq
0,6
0,8
1,0
V l dung tch h tip nhn ngun nc thi. Gi tr V c tnh theo gi tr trung bnh 03
thng kh kit nht trong 03 nm lin tip (s liu ca Trung tm Kh tng Thu vn
Quc gia)
c) i vi ngun tip nhn nc thi cng nghip l vng nc bin ven b th gi tr h
s Kq = 1,2. i vi ngun tip nhn nc thi cng nghip l vng nc bin ven b
dng cho mc ch bo v thy sinh; th thao v gii tr di nc th gi tr h s Kq = 1.
3.Gi tr h s Kf
Gi tr h s Kf c quy nh ti Bng 3B di y.
Bng 3B: Gi tr h s Kf ng vi lu lng ngun nc thi.
Lu lng ngun nc thi
n v tnh: mt khi / ngy m (m3/24h)
F 50
50 < F 500
500 < F 5000
F > 5000
Gi tr h s Kf
1,2
1,1
1,0
0,9
GVHD: C V Th Hoan
Nhm thc hin: HTP4
GVHD: C V Th Hoan
Nhm thc hin: HTP4
Thng s
1
2
3
Nhit
pH
Mi
Mu sc, Co-Pt
pH=7
BOD5 (20oC)
COD
Cht rn l lng
Asen
Thy ngn
Ch
Cadimi
Crom (IV)
Crom (III)
ng
Km
Niken
Mangan
St
Thic
Xianua
Phenol
Du m khong
Du ng thc vt
Clo d
PCBs
Ha cht bo v thc
vt: Ln hu c
Ha cht bo v thc
vt: Clo hu c
Sunfua
Florua
Clorua
Amoni (tnh theo
Nit)
Tng nit
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
n
v
o
C
-
Gi tr gii hn
A
B
C
40
40
45
6 n 9
5,5 n 9
5 n 9
Khng kh
Khng kh chu
chu
20
50
-
mg/l
mg/l
mg/l
mg/l
mg/l
mg/l
mg/l
mg/l
mg/l
mg/l
mg/l
mg/l
mg/l
mg/l
mg/l
mg/l
mg/l
mg/l
mg/l
mg/l
mg/l
mg/l
30
50
50
0,05
0,005
0,1
0,005
0,05
0,2
2
3
0,2
0,5
1
0,2
0,07
0,1
5
10
1
0,003
0,3
50
80
100
0,1
0,01
0,5
0,01
0,1
1
2
3
0,5
1
5
1
0,1
0,5
5
20
2
0,01
1
mg/l
0,1
0,1
mg/l
mg/l
mg/l
mg/l
0,2
5
500
5
0,5
10
600
10
1
15
1000
15
mg/l
15
30
60
40
100
400
200
0,5
0,01
1
0,5
0,5
2
5
5
2
5
10
5
0,2
1
10
30
0,05
33
34
Tng phtpho
Coliform
35
Xt nghim sinh hc
(Bioassay)
Tng hot phng
x
Tng hot phng
x
36
37
GVHD: C V Th Hoan
Nhm thc hin: HTP4
mg/l
MPN
/100
ml
Bq/l
4
3000
6
5000
Bq/l
1,0
41
1,0
8
-
GVHD: C V Th Hoan
Nhm thc hin: HTP4
42