Professional Documents
Culture Documents
BO GIAO DUC VA AO TAO AI HOC QUOC GIA TP. HO CH MINH TRNG AI HOC S PHAM KY THUAT KHOA : IEN _ IEN T BO MON : IEN T
SVTH:
ai Hoc Quoc Gia Trng ai Hoc S Pham Ky Thuat Thanh Pho Ho Ch Minh ---o0o---
Cong Hoa Xa Hoi Chu Ngha Viet Nam oc Lap T Do Hanh Phuc ---o0o---
KHOA IEN BO MON IEN IEN T NHIEM VU LUAN VAN TOT NGHIEP Ho va ten: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............ Lp: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........... Nghanh: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........... Khoa: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........... 1- au e luan van: ............................................................ ........... ............................................................ ........... 2- C s ban au: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . &................................................. ............................................................ ........... 3- Noi dung cac phan thuyet minh: ............................................................ ........... ............................................................ ........... ............................................................ ........... 4- Cac ban ve o th: ............................................................ ........... ............................................................ ........... 5- Can bo hng dan: ............................................................ ........... ............................................................ ...........
SVTH:
SVTH:
NHAN XET LUAN VAN TOT NGHIEP CUA GIAO VIEN HNG DAN
Ho va ten sinh vien : NGUYEN TRUNG DUNG Nganh : IEN T Khoa : 1995 2000 Lp : 95K GIAO VIEN HNG DAN: NGUYEN NH PHU Nhan Xet Cua Giao Vien Hng Dan : ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ...............................................................................................................
SVTH:
SVTH:
NHAN XET LUAN VAN TOT NGHIEP CUA GIAO VIEN DUYET
HO VA TEN SINH VIEN : NGYEN TRUNG DUNG NGANH : IEN T KHOA : 1995 2000 LP : 95K GIAO VIEN DUYET LUAN VAN :
Nhan Xet cua Giao Vien duyet : ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ...............................................................................................................
SVTH:
SVTH:
Li m au
Ky thuat vi x l vi toc o phat trien nhanh a va ang mang en nhng thay oi to ln trong khoa hoc va cong nghe cung nh trong i song hang ngay. Ngay nay, cac thiet b may moc ngay cang tr nen thong minh hn, cac cong viec c thc hien vi hieu qua cao hn, o cung la nh vi x ly, vi ieu khien. Ky thuat vi x ly, vi ieu khien la ky thuat cua tng lai, la cha khoa i vao cong nghe hien ai. oi vi sinh vien chuyen nganh ien t, ay la mot lnh vc mi, ha hen va m ra nhieu trien vong. e gop phan tao nen tang ban au cho viec hoc tap, tm hieu ky thuat vi x ly va cach truyen d lieu t vi x ly vi cac thiet b benh ngoai em xin e ngh thc hien e tai: GIAO TIEP MAY TNH VI KIT VI X LY 8085. Trong qua trnh thc hien e tai nay, mac du em a rat co gang, xong chac chan khong tranh khoi nhng thieu sot. Rat mong nhan s gop y, phe bnh va ch dan cua qu thay co va ban oc.
Sinh vien thc hien
SVTH:
Li cam ta
Cuon luan van nay c hoan thanh tot ep theo ung thi gian quy nh cua nha trng cung nh cua khoa.Viec at c ket qua nh tren khong ch la s no lc cua em ma con s giup , ch bao cua thay hng dan, cua quy thay co va cac ban sinh vien. Em xin chan thanh cam n: S day do, ch bao va gop y cua quy thay co trong khoa, ac biet la cac thay co cac xng thc tap a tao moi ieu kien thuan li cho chung em hoan thanh luan van. S giup va ch bao tan tnh cua Thay hng dan Nguyen nh Phu trong qua trnh lam luan van. Xin cam n cac ban sinh vien trong khoa a giup chung toi rat nhieu mat: nh phng tien, sach v, y kien Sinh vien thc hien
SVTH:
SVTH:
Chng:
ly
luan
I.
1. Thi gian nghien cu: Qua trnh nghien cu e tai c xem la mot qui trnh cong nghe han hoi v oi hoi phai tien hanh theo cac khau ke tiep nhau bao gom viec chon e tai, bien soan e cng, thu thap d kien, x ly d kien, viet cong trnh nghien cu. Luan van tot nghiep c tien hanh thc hien trong khoang thi gian la 6 tuan: Tuan 1 : Chon e tai, chnh xac hoa e tai, soan e cng, thu thap kien va tai lieu lien he. Tuan 2 : Bien soan noi dung phan ly thuyet. Tuan 3 : Thiet ke mach tren giay va tien hanh thi cong, thu mach. Tuan 4 : Thiet ke ban thc tap. Tuan 5 : Soan bai thc tap cho mo hnh a thiet ke. Tuan 6 : Hoan chnh mo hnh,can chnh phan ly thuyet e in an va nop luan van. 2. Phng phap thu thap d kien: ay la giai oan quan trong, s dung cac phng phap va phng tien nghien cu e thu thap cac d kien ve e tai a xac nh. D kien a thu thap c se la chat lieu e hnh thanh cong trnh thc hien e tai. Van e la lam sao thu thap c d kien ay u, chnh xac, va phu hp vi noi dung nghien cu. Trong pham vi luan van nay ngi nghien cu s dung phng phap tham khao tai lieu e thu thap d kien giai quyet e tai. Viec tham khao tai lieu giup ngi thc hien bo sung them kien thc, ly luan cung nh phng phap ma nhng cong trnh nghien cu trc o a xay dng. Nh o ngi nghien cu tap trung giai quyet van e con ton tai& Tuy nhien viec nghien cu tham khao tai lieu luon bao am tnh ke tha va phat trien co chon loc.
SVTH:
3. X ly d kien: Cac d kien sau khi c thu thap cha the s dung c ngay ma phai qua qua trnh sang loc, sa cha, phan tch khai quat thanh ly luan . Tai lieu c s dung la nhng tai lieu co chat lng cao chu yeu la tai lieu goc nen bao am chnh xac ve noi dung e cap. 4. Trnh bay o an: e tai tot nghiep c trnh bay theo cau truc mot tap o an tot nghiep e phu hp vi noi dung va thi gian nghien cu ong thi ap ng ung yeu cau ve chng trnh ao tao cua trng. Trnh bay thanh van cong trnh nghien cu khoa hoc la giai oan hoan thanh nghien cu, do o khong c xem o la qua trnh ky thuat ma la mot qua trnh sang tao sau sac. Chnh viec nam vng but phap trong nghien cu khoa hoc giup ngi nghien cu lam sang to them nhng ket qua at c, phat trien chung va co them nhng kien thc mi. II. C
s ly luan:
o an tot nghiep thc chat la mot qua trnh nghien cu khoa hoc - qua trnh nhan thc va hanh ong. Qua trnh nay oi hoi phai co thi gian nhat nh tng xng vi noi dung cua oi tng nghien cu va tnh chat phc tap cua van e nghien cu. Viec nghien cu khoa hoc giup ta tm ra cai mi. Cai mi ay khong nhng mang tnh chu quan cua ngi nghien cu ma con mang tnh khach quan oi vi xa hoi. Nghien cu khoa hoc phai nham muc ch phuc vu xa hoi, ap ng yeu cau thc tien. Hoat ong ngien cu khoa hoc muon at ket qua tot phai hoi u cac yeu to: Phng tien, phng phap, c s vat chat, may moc thiet b, hnh thc to chc. Cac yeu to nay co moi quan he hu c va phu hp vi oi tng nghien cu.
SVTH:
SVTH:
3. Tac ong cua ieu kien khach quan en viec thc hien e tai:
Trong qua trnh nghien cu thc hien e tai ngi nghien cu la yeu to chu quan gop phan quan trong en ket qua con oi tng nghien cu, phng phap nghien cu ke ca phng tien ngien cu, thi gian nghien cu cung nhng ngi cong tac nghien cu va ngi hng dan nghien cu la nhng ieu kien khach quan anh hng trc tiep en viec nghien cu va ket qua nghien cu. Ngi nghien cu cang nam chac cac yeu to khach quan o bao nhieu th ket qua nghien cu cang c khang nh bay nhieu.
SVTH:
Chng I:
SVTH:
Accumulator (A) Status Register Register B Register D Register H Register C Register E Register L
C ontrol Logic
TEMP-1
TEMP-2
IN ALU Out
IN
Hnh 1.2 : S o cau truc cua mot vi x ly. Qua s o tren, ta thay vi x ly bao gom cac khoi chnh sau: khoi n v so hoc/logic ALU (Arithmatic Logic Unit), cac thanh ghi va khoi Control Logic. Cac khoi nay lien he vi nhau qua cac ng day truyen tn hieu. 2. Chc nang va nhiem vu cua cac khoi trong vi x ly: a. Khoi ALU (Arithmatic Logic Unit).
Khoi n v so hoc/ logic la khoi quan trong nhat ben trong vi x ly, khoi ALU cha cac mach ien logic
GVHD: Nguyen nh Phu Nguyen Trung Dung SVTH:
co chc nang chnh la thc hien cac phep toan, cac phep thay oi so lieu. C s chnh cua khoi ALU la mach cong, nen no co kha nang thc hien cac phep x ly so nh phan.
Khoi ALU co hai ngo vao va mot ngo ra, cac ngo vao co chc nang chuyen tn hieu ngo vao vao khoi ALU e tnh toan, sau o d lieu c chuyen en ngo ra e chuyen ra ngoai. D lieu trc khi vao khoi ALU c cha thanh ghi TEMP 1 va TEMP 2 la cac thanh ghi em. Trong vi x ly co mot thanh ghi ac biet co ten la thanh ghi A, hau het moi hoat ong cua ALU eu thong qua thanh ghi nay. Thong thng khoi ALU nhan d lieu t thanh ghi A roi x ly d lieu, sau khi x ly xong th lai gi d lieu ra thanh ghi A. b. Cac thanh ghi ben trong vi x ly. Cac thanh ghi ben trong cua vi x ly co chc nang lu tr tam thi cac d lieu khi x ly. Trong so o co mot vai thanh ghi ac biet khi thc hien lenh, con cac thanh ghi con lai la cac thanh ghi thong dung. Cac thanh ghi nay giup cho ngi lap trnh thc hien chng trnh de dang hn, so lng thanh ghi phu thuoc vao tng loai vi x ly. Cac thanh ghi trong mot vi x ly gom co: thanh ghi tch luy (Accumulator Register), thanh ghi PC (Program Counter Register), thanh ghi con tro ngan xep (Stack Pointer Register), thanh ghi trang thai (Status Register), cac thanh ghi thong dung, thanh ghi a ch va thanh ghi lenh (Instruction Register). * Thanh ghi tch luy (thanh ghi A Accumulator Register) : Thanh ghi A la mot thanh ghi quan trong cua vi x ly co chc nang lu tr d lieu khi tnh toan. Hau het cac phep toan so hoc va phep toan logic eu xay ra gia ALU va thanh ghi A, nhng can lu y rang hat het sau khi thc hien phep tnh, ALU thng gi d lieu vao thanh ghi A lam d lieu trong thanh ghi A trc o b mat. Thanh ghi A thng lam trung gian e trao d lieu cua vi x ly vi cac thiet b ngoai vi. Vi vi x ly 8085A, thanh ghi A co o dai 8 bit. * Thanh ghi PC (Program Counter Register) : Thanh ghi PC la thanh ghi quan trong nhat cua vi x ly. Khi thc hien mot chng trnh, cac lenh cua chng trnh se c quan ly bang thanh ghi PC. Thanh ghi PC se cha a ch cua cac lenh ang thc hien cua mot chng trnh. Chnh v vay, trc khi vi x ly thc hien mot
SVTH:
Trong o:
S (signal): bit dau : qua dng. Z (Zero): bit Zero: ket qua khac 0. S = 1 khi ket qua am, S = 0 khi ket Z = 1 khi ket qua bang 0, Z = 0 khi AC = 1 : phep tnh b
SVTH:
Khoi ieu khien logic thc chat la cac mach ieu khien logic, co chc nang nhan lenh hay tn hieu ieu khien t bo giai ma lenh va thc hien viec ieu khien theo ung yeu cau cua lenh. Khoi ieu khien logic c xem nh la bo x ly cua vi x ly.
Cac tn hieu ieu khien cua khoi ieu khien logic la cac tn hieu ieu khien cac thiet b ben ngoai giao tiep vi vi x ly va cac ng ieu khien vi x ly t cac thiet b ben ngoai. Ngo vao tn hieu quan trong nhat trong khoi ieu khien logic la ngo vao xung clock, phai co tn hieu nay th khoi ieu khien
SVTH:
Moi vi x ly co mot tap lenh rieng tuy thuoc vao cau truc ben trong cua no. Tap lenh gom nhieu lenh.
Lenh cua vi x ly la d lieu dang so nh phan, vi vi x ly 8085 chieu dai mot lenh la 8 bit. Mot lenh luon luon bao gom hai phan chnh: ma lenh va a ch, neu mot lenh ma phan sau cua no la d lieu th phan a ch a c hieu ngam. e viec viet chng trnh de dang hn, ngi ta dung cac t goi nh e lenh de viet va de oc hn, viec nay lam ngi viet chng trnh co the nh c nhieu lenh hn.
SVTH:
* Kieu nh a ch tc thi: Vi kieu nh a ch tc thi th trong ma lenh khong e cap ti a ch ma ch e cap ti d lieu, a ch ay a c hieu ngam.
* Kieu nh a ch trc tiep: Trong ma lenh co cha a ch trc tiep cua o nh can x ly, vi x ly 8085A co 16 ng a ch nen a ch trc tiep cung co o dai 16 bit. * Kieu nh a ch ngam: Trong cach nh a ch nay, v tr hoac gia tr cua so lieu c hieu ngam nh ma lenh. * Kieu nh a ch gian tiep dung thanh ghi: Yeu to th hai trong cau truc lenh khong phai la a ch cua d lieu ma ch la dau hieu cho biet v tr, ni cha a ch cua so lieu. * Kieu nh a ch trc tiep bang thanh ghi: Yeu to th hai cua cau truc lenh la ky hieu cua cac thanh ghi, d lieu x ly la d lieu ch I. S O CAU TRUC BEN NGOAI VA CHC NANG CAC CHAN CUA VI X LY 8085: 1. ac tnh cua vi x ly 8085A:
SVTH:
- Vi x ly co 8 ng d lieu va 16 ng a ch. - Cac ng ieu khien : RD\, WR\, IO/M\, Clock Out, Reset Out va 4 ngat.
SVTH:
A8 A15
8085A
8085A
20
3. Chc nang cac chan: * Chan 1, 2 X1, X2 (Input): - Chan X1, X2 la hai ngo vao, ay cung la ni at thach anh. Nhiem vu cua no la tao dao ong cho cac khoi ben trong vi x ly. - Vi x ly khac nhau co tan so lam viec khac nhau, sau ay la tan so lam viec cc ai cua mot vai vi x ly do Intel san xuat: 6MHz oi vi 8085A. 10MHz oi vi 8085A-2. 12 MHz oi vi 8085A-1. * Chan 3: Reset Out (Output):
- Cho biet vi x ly ang at trang thai ban au. Ta co the s dung tn hieu t chan nay lam tn hieu reset cho cac vi mach khac trong he thong.
- Chan nay neu khong s dung th e trong.
SVTH:
- chan nay, tn hieu ngat khong ngan c. Tn hieu yeu cau ngat co bac u tien cao, khong b ngan lai bi chng trnh (phan mem).
- Ngo vao nay do he thong khac ieu khien. He thon g kha c
Trap
6 8085A
Hoac
68085A
VXL Hnh 1.4 : S o tac ong ngat cua vi x ly. - Ngo vao nay c kch bi canh len. - Khi chan TRAP mc [1], trang thai nay c lu vao 1 bit ben trong vi x ly, luc o chng trnh th I se ngng lai khi thc hien xong va nhay en a ch 0024H e thc hien chng trnh tai a ch nay cho en khi gap lenh tr ve th mi quay lai chng trnh chnh. - ng dung cua ngat : Mot trong nhng ng dung la quet ban phm. Khi co mot phm tac ong, IC quet ban phm se bao cho vi x ly tn hieu ngat vi x ly se chuyen sang nhan va x ly phm o. Sau khi x ly xong mi tr ve chng trnh chnh. * Chan 7, 8, 9 RST 7.5, RST 6.5, RST 5.5: (Input): - RST (Restart Interrupt Request): Tn hieu ngat co the ngan c. ay la ba ngo vao ieu khien vi x ly. - Ba ngo vao nay c kch bang canh len hoac bang mc, tn hieu a vao chan RST 7.5 co the la mot xung. - Khi gap tn hieu ngat, vi x ly se thc hien chng trnh tai a ch c quy nh quy nh trc. * Chan RST 7.5 co a ch chng trnh phuc vu ngat la: 003C. * Chan RST 6.5 co a ch chng trnh phuc vu
SVTH:
- Khi oan chng trnh chnh co lenh cho phep ngat DI tn hieu ngat t cac chan nay se khong c thc hien.
- Khi oan chng trnh chnh co lenh cho phep ngat EI, th cac lenh ngat nay se c thc hien ke t khi gap lenh EI trong chng trnh chnh. - Neu cac chan nay khong s dung th se noi at (GND).
SVTH:
- INTR (Interrupt) : tn hieu bao ngat vi x ly se nhan ra sau khi thi hanh xong mot ch th.
- Khi khong s dung chan 10 noi GND. * Chan 11: INTA\ (Output): - INTA (Interrupt Acknowledge): Tn hieu tra li ngat. Tn hieu se bao cho thiet b yeu cau ngat bi tn hieu INTA biet rang vi x ly a chap nhan yeu cau ngat va thiet b yeu cau ngat hay at lenh len ng d lieu (Data Bus). - Chan 10 va 11 thng c lien ket vi cac IC DMA (dung trong may tnh). - Khi khong s dung chan 11 bo trong. * Chan 12 19 AD0 AD7 (Input/Output):
- AD (Address Data): ay la cac ng a ch va cac ng d lieu c tch hp chung vi nhau tao thanh ng d lieu a ch.
- chu ky may T1, cac ngo AD nay ong vai tro la cac ngo ra a ch, cac chu ky sau th bus nay ong vai tro la cac ng d lieu. Vi x ly xuat hay nhap d lieu eu thong qua cac ng nay. - Cac ng d lieu va a ch trong bus nay co the c tach ra han bi mot IC chot (74LS373, 74LS573) c ieu khien bi chan ALE cua vi x ly. * Chan 20 Vss: Chan GND cua vi x ly. * Chan 21 28 A8 A15 (Output) Address bus: Cac ngo ra nay c dung e xuat 8 bit a ch cao. Nh vay, vi x ly 8085A co 16 ng a ch va 8 ng d lieu. * Chan 29, 33, 34 S0, S1, IO/M\ (Output).
- Ba ngo nay cho biet trang thai hoat ong cua vi x ly, trang thai hoat ong co the xem bang sau:
IO/M\ 0 0 0 1 S1 0 1 1 0 S0 1 0 1 1 Trang thai Viet vao bo nh (Memory Write) oc bo nh (Memory Read) Xuat d lieu ra cong (OpCode Fetch) Xuat d lieu ra cong (I/0 Write)
SVTH:
* Chan 30 ALE (Output): - ALE (Address Latch Enable) la chan ieu khien, dung xac nh vai tro cua ng AD7 AD0. Ngo nay tao ra mot xung chu ky may T1 nham xac nh luc o ng AD7 AD0 ong vai tro la ng a ch (A7 A0). - Bnh thng th ALE mc [0], chu ky T1 th ALE mc [1].
36
8085A
SVTH:
Hnh 1.5 : S o reset 8085A. * Chan 37: CLK (Output): - CLK (Clock): ngo ra tn hieu xung clock e cung cap cho cac thiet b khac khi co yeu cau. Tan so cua no bang tan so ngo vao chia 2. - Neu khong s dung th chan nay e trong. * Chan 38: HLDA (Output): - HLDA (Hold Acknowledge): Tn hieu ngo ra cho biet tn hieu HOLD a c chap nhan va vi x ly se trang thai HOLD chu ky xung clock tiep theo. * Chan 39: HOLD (Input): - HOLD: nhan tn hieu yeu cau ngng bo ieu khien DMA. - Neu khong s dung, chan HOLD noi GND. Tom lai, vi chan HOLD va HLDA: khi DMA ngng th vi x ly lam viec va ngc lai v DMA ket noi thong qua bus. * Chan 40 Vcc : Nang lng nguon 5V cung cap cho vi x ly hoat ong. III. BO NH: 1. KHAI NIEM: Bo nh la cac vi mach c tch hp vi mat o cao. Bo nh chnh la ni lu tr cac chng trnh cho vi x ly cung nh lu tr cac ket qua khi x ly, v vay moi he thong ieu khien t ong dung vi x ly eu phai dung ti bo nh. 2. HOAT ONG TONG QUAT CUA MOT BO NH: Qua trnh hoat ong truy xuat d lieu cua bo nh eu thong qua cac bc sau: - Nhan a ch e chon ung o n` can truy xuat. - Nhan tn hieu ieu khien, tn hieu nay se cho phep oc hay ghi d lieu t bo nh. - Nhan d lieu vao o nh khi thc hien chc nang ghi hoac gi d lieu ra khi thc hien chc nang oc. Cac ng d lieu vao\ra Cac ng ieu khien
SVTH:
NH
Hnh 1.6 : S o mo ta cac ng tn hieu cua bo nh. Cac ng ieu khien bao gom ngo vao Memory Enable va ngo vao Read\Write. Ngo vao Memory Enable dung e cho phep bo nh hoat ong. Ngo vao Read \ Write dung e xac nh che o hoat ong cua bo nh: oc d lieu ra hay ghi d lieu vao. Cac ng a ch vao xac nh ung a ch o nh can truy xuat. Cac ng d lieu dung e truyen d lieu hai chieu.
SVTH:
ROM la bo nh c thiet ke cho cac ng dung can ty le oc d lieu cao. ROM lu tr d lieu co nh va trong khi hoat ong bnh thng ch dung e oc d lieu ra ch khong the ghi d lieu vao ROM. Co nhieu loai ROM khac nhau, di ay la mot so loai ROM thng gap :
- PROM (Programmable ROM): loai ROM nay ch co the lap trnh c mot lan, sau o khong the xoa hay nap lai e thay oi d lieu. - EPROM (Erasable Programmable ROM): vi loai ROM nay, d lieu co the xoa i e nap d lieu mi c. Tuy nhien, khi can thay oi gia tr cua mot o nh th khong the ch xoa d lieu cua o nh o ma phai xoa het roi nap lai toan bo d lieu.
e xoa d lieu cua EPROM phai dung anh sang cc tm. Con e nap d lieu cho ROM phai dung mach nap cho ROM. Ho EPROM co ma so 27xxx.
- EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable ROM): ay la loai ROM cai tien t EPROM. Vi loai EEPROM nay co the xoa va nap cac o n` mot cach oc lap, khong can xoa i toan bo cac o nh cha chng trnh nh cua EPROM. Ho EEPROM co ma so 28xxx.
Trong thc te, vi cac he thong ieu khien dung vi xu ly, ngi ta thng s dung EPROM v no co the cho phep ngi s dung nap va xoa chng trnh nhieu lan, ong thi tnh kinh te cao (re va de kiem hn EEPROM nhieu lan). Chnh v vay, trong e tai nay, nhom a s dung EPROM e lam bo nh cho he
GVHD: Nguyen nh Phu Nguyen Trung Dung SVTH:
3 trang 150 ns thai 3 trang 150 ns thai 3 trang 250 ns thai 3 trang 450 ns thai 3 trang 450 ns thai 3 trang 450 ns thai 3 trang 450 ns thai
Trong e tai nay, ay ch trnh bay s o c`an, s o logic cung bang trang thai cua vi mach 2764:
Vpp A12 A7 A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 A0 D0 D1 D2 GND
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 0 1 1 1 2 1 3 1 4 2 8 2 7 2 6 2 5 2 4 2 3 2 2 2 1 2 0 1 9 1 8 1 7 1 6 1 5 1.7
A0 A1
D0
2764
2764
D7
Hnh
2764
SVTH:
b. Bo nh RAM:
Bo nh RAM la bo nh thay oi, bat ky o nh nao cung co the truy xuat de dang va thi gian truy xuat cua cac o nh la nh nhau. Khac vi bo nh ROM, d lieu trong RAM se mat i khi nguon ien cung cap b mat. Tuy vay ngi ta khac phuc ieu nay bang cach s dung nguon pin e nuoi RAM.
RAM thng c dung trong cac he thong ieu khien t ong e lu tr d lieu tam thi chng trnh hay cac d lieu. Do noi dung d lieu trong RAM thng thay oi lien tuc trong qua trnh hoat ong nen yeu cau chu ky oc va ghi cua RAM phai nhanh e khong lam anh hng en toc o cua ca he thong. Cung nh bo nh ROM, bo nh RAM cung dung thanh ghi e lu tr d lieu, moi thanh ghi lu tr mot d lieu va ch tng ng vi mot a ch duy nhat. Khac vi bo nh ROM, bo nh RAM con co ng ieu khien cho phep ghi hoac oc d lieu : R\W. Bo nh RAM c chia lam hai loai: SRAM va DRAM. - SRAM (Static RAM) con goi la RAM tnh. ay la loai RAM lu tr d lieu cho en khi nao nguon nuoi khong con. SRAM thc chat la nhng Flip Flop (FF), trong o moi FF la mot phan t nh ai dien cho mot bit. - DRAM (Dynamic RAM) con goi la RAM ong. ay la loai RAM phai luon c lam ti tc la phai nap lai d lieu cho RAM trong mot khoang thi gian nhat nh, neu khong RAM se b mat d lieu. Trong khi lam ti RAM, o nh o khong c phep truy xuat. Trong e tai nay, nhom ch s dung SRAM: 6264 nen ay ch trnh bay s o chan, s o logic va bang trang thai cua SRAM nay.
SVTH:
WR\ CS GND Hnh 1.8 : S o chan va s o logic cua vi mach 6264 Bang trang thai lam viec cua vi mach 6264: Mode Not select Not select Output Disable Read Write WR\ x x H H L CS\ H x L L L CS x L H H H OE\ X X H L H Output High Z High Z High Z Dout Din
NC A12 A7 A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 A0 D0 D1 D2
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 0 1 1 1 2 1 3 1 4
6264
2 8 2 7 2 6 2 5 2 4 2 3 2 2 2 1 2 0 1 9 1 8 1 7 1 6 1 5
A0 A1
D0
6264
D7
SVTH:
Bo nh co vai tro rat quan trong trong he thong vi x ly, hoat ong cua bo nh gan lien vi hoat ong cua vi x ly, la ni lu tr d lieu e vi x ly x ly. do o bo nh luon hien dien trong he thong vi x ly va khi s dung phai tien hanh ket noi. Bo nh bao gom ca ROM va RAM, chung lien he vi nhau va c ket noi vi vi x ly thong qua cac bus: bus d lieu, bus a ch, va bus ieu khien. S o ket noi c trnh bay dang khoi sau:
Trong he thong co the co mot ROM mot RAM hoac so lng ROM va RAM nhieu hn na, viec bo nh c truy xuat hoan toan phu thuoc vao s ieu khien cua vi x ly thong qua 1 IC giai ma 74LS138. Bus a ch
Vi
x ly
Bo nh ROM
Bo nh RAM
Bus d lieu Bus ieu khien Hnh 1.8 : S o khoi ket noi gia bo nh vi vi x
ly Trong he thong co the co mot ROM mot RAM hoac so lng ROM va RAM nhieu hn na. Viec bo nh c truy xuat hoan toan phu thuoc vao s ieu khien cua vi x ly thong qua 1 IC giai ma 74LS138. Khi thiet ke van e quan tam au tien o la kha nang truy xuat bo nh cua vi x ly, ke en la dung lng cua bo nh can s dung. Trong thc te, bo nh co nhieu dung lng khac nhau (2K, 4K, 8K ), nham phuc vu cho viec thiet ke o an nay nhom thc hien la chon bo nh co dung lng 8Kbyte o la vi mach nh 2764 va 6264. V. VAN E GIAI MA CHO BO NH : Vi moi bo nh (1EPROM hay 1 RAM) e vi x ly co the truy xuat het 8 Kbyte bo nh th phai tien hanh ket noi 13 ng a ch A12A11A10A9A8A7A6A5A4A3A2A1A0 cua vi x ly en 13 ng a ch A12A11A10A9A8A7A6A5A4A3A2A1A0 cua bo nh. do o tat ca 13 ng a ch cua EPROM va RAM eu c noi vi 13 ng a ch
SVTH:
A13 A14
O0\ O1\ O2\ A15 O3\ O4\ E3 O5\ E1\ O6\ E2\ O7\ Hnh 1.10 : S o mach giai A B C
ma bo nh
SVTH:
CHNG II:
I. NHOM LENH DI CHUYEN 8 BIT: 1. Lenh truyen d lieu gia cac thanh ghi: + Cu phap: MOV d, s s (source): tng trng cho cac thanh ghi phat. d (destination): 0 1 d d d s cho thanh nhan. s + Ma oi s tng:
tng
trng
+ Cac bit ddd va sss tra BANG 2.1 cuoi tap lenh. + Y ngha: chuyen noi dung thanh ghi s vao thanh ghi d, noi dung thanh ghi s van con. + Lenh nay chiem 1 byte, so chu ky xung clock = 4. + Thanh ghi trang thai khong thay oi. (Tng t cho cac lenh khac). 2. Lenh chuyen d lieu thanh ghi vao o nh: Cu phap: MOV M, s 3. Lenh chuyen d lieu t o nh vao thanh ghi: Cu phap: MOV d, M 4. Lenh truyen tc thi d liieu 8 bit vao thanh ghi: Cu phap: MVI d, D8 5. Lenh truyen tc thi d lieu 8 bit vao o nh: Cu phap: MVI M, D8
+ Y ngha: Lenh nay tang noi dung thanh ghi len mot n v. + Lenh nay chiem 1 byte , so chu ky xung clock = 4. + Lenh nay anh hng en thanh ghi trang thai tr bit Cy khong anh hng. (Tng t cho cac lenh khac) 2. Lenh giam noi dung thanh ghi: Cu phap: DCR d 3. Lenh tang noi dung o nh: Cu phap: INR M 4. Lenh giam noi dung o nh: Cu phap: DCR M III. NHOM LENH SO HOC GIA THANH GHI A VA THANH GHI
SVTH:
+ Y ngha: noi dung thanh ghi A c cong vi noi dung o nh co a ch cha trong cap thanh ghi HL, ket qua cha trong thanh ghi A, noi dung o nh khong thay oi. + Lenh nay chiem 1 byte, so chu ky xung clock = 7. + Lenh nay anh hng en thanh ghi trang thai. 2. Lenh cong o nh co so nh ban au: + Cu phap: ADC M 1 + Ma oi tng: 1 0 0 0 0 1 1
SVTH:
SVTH:
+ Y ngha: d lieu 16 bit D16 c nap vao cap thanh ghi BC. + Lenh nay chiem 3 byte, so chu ky xung clock = 10. + Khong anh hng en thanh ghi trang thai. (Tng t cho cac lenh khac) 2. Lenh nap cap thanh ghi DE: Cu phap: LXI D, D16 3. Lenh nap cap thanh ghi HL: Cu phap: LXI H, D16 4. Lenh nap cap thanh ghi SP: Cu phap: LXI SP, D16 VII. NHOM LENH PUSH: 1. Lenh cat cap thanh ghi BC: + Cu phap: PUSH B +Ma oi 1 tng: 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 +Y ngha: noi dung cap thanh ghi BC c copy vao ngan xep. Noi dung thanh ghi B c cat vao ngan xep tai a ch (SP-1), thanh ghi C c cat vao ngan xep tai a ch (SP-2), noi dung thanh ghi SP giam i 2. + Lenh nay chiem 1 byte, so chu k xung clock =12. +Lenh nay khong anh hng en thanh ghi trang thai. (Tng t cho cac lenh khac) 2. Lenh cat cap thanh ghi DE: Cu phap: PUSH D 3. Lenh cat cap thanh ghi HL: Cu phap: PUSH H 4. Lenh cat cap thanh ghi AF: Cu phap: PUSH PSW VIII. NHOM LENH POP: 1. Lenh chuyen noi dung ngan xep vao cap thanh ghi:
SVTH:
SVTH:
SVTH:
SVTH:
0 1
0 0
1 1
0 + Ma oi tng:
0 1
+ Y ngha: noi dung thanh ghi A c lu tr vao o nh co a ch ADDR. + Lenh nay chiem 3 byte, so chu ky clock=13. + Lenh nay khong anh hng en thanh ghi trang thai. 2. Lenh nap trc 0 1 1 1 0 tiep: 0 + Cu phap: 8 bit thap LDA ADDR 8 bit cao + Ma oi tng:
+ Cu phap: + Ma oi tng:
+ Y ngha: noi dung o nh co a ch la ADDR c chuyen vao thanh ghi A. + Lenh nay chiem 3 byte, so chu ky xung clock =13. + Lenh nay khong anh hng en thanh ghi 0 0 1 0 0 0 trang thai. 1 0 3. Lenh lu tr 8 bit thap trc iep cap 8 bit cao thanh ghi: SHLD ADDR
+ Y ngha: noi dung cap thanh ghi HL oc lu vao 2 o nh lien tiep la ADDR va (ADDR+1). Noi dung thanh ghi L c lu tr vao o nh co a ch la ADDR, noi dufg cua thanh ghi H c lu tr vao o nh co a ch la (ADDR+1). + Lenh nay chiem 3 byte, so chu ky xung clock = 16. + Lenh nay khong anh hng en thanh ghi trang thai. 4. Lenh nap trc tiep cap thanh ghi: + Cu phap: LHLD ADDR
SVTH:
+ Y ngha: noi dung cua 2 o nh co a ch lien tiep la ADDR va (ADDR+1) c lu tr vao cap thanh ghi HL. Noi dung cua o nh co a ch ADDR c nap vao thanh ghi L, noi dung cua o nh co a ch (ADDR+1) c nap vao thanh ghi H. + Lenh nay chiem 3 byte, so chu ky xung clock =13. + Lenh nay khong anh hng en thanh ghi trang thai.
+ Y ngha: noi dung thanh ghi A dch t phai sang trai, bit MSB c chuyen sang bit Cy va bit LSB. + Lenh nay chiem 1byte, so chu ky lock =4. + Lenh nay ch anh hng en bit trang thai Cy. 2. Lenh dch thanh ghi A sang phai: + Cu p`ap: RRC + Ma oi 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 tng:
+ Y ngha: noi dung thanh ghi A dch t trai sang phai, bit LSB c chuyen sang bit Cy va bit MSB. + Lenh nay chiem 1byte, so chu ky lock =4. + Lenh nay ch anh hng en bit trang thai Cy. ( Tng t cho cac lenh khac). 3. Lenh dch thanh ghi A sang trai thong qua bit Cy: + Cu phap: RAL 4. Lenh dch thanh ghi A sang phai thong qua bit Cy: + Cu phap: RAR
SVTH:
1 1
1 1
0 0
0 + Ma oi tng:
+ y ngha: vi x l se nhay en a ch ADDR e tiep tuc thc hien chng trnh. + Lenh nay chiem 3 byte, so chu ky clock =10. + Lenh nay khong anh hng en thanh ghi trang thai. 1 1 0 0 0 0 2. Lenh nhay khi bit 1 0 Z=0: 8 bit thap +Cu phap: JNZ 8 bit cao ADDR + Ma oi tng: + Y ngha: vi x l se nhay en a ch ADDR e tiep tuc chng trnh khi bit Z=0, ngay sau khi thc hien lenh anh hng en bit z cua thanh ghi trang thai. + Lenh nay chiem 3 byte, so chu ky clock la 7/10. + Lenh nay khong anh hng en thanh ghi trang thai. ( Tng t cho cac lenh khac). Lenh nhay khi bit Z=1: + Cu phap: JZ ADDR Lenh nhay khi bit C=0: + Cu phap: JNC ADDR Lenh nhay khi bit C=1: + Cu phap: JC ADDR Lenh nhay khi bit P=0: + Cu phap: JPO ADDR Lenh nhay khi bit P=1: + Cu phap: JPE ADDR Lenh nhay khi bit S=0: + Cu phap: JP ADDR Lenh nhay khi bit S=1: + Cu phap: JM ADDR
3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.
SVTH:
1 0
+ Y ngha: vi x ly se thc hien chng trnh tai a ch ADDR sau o se tr ve chng trnh chnh khi gap lenh tr ve. + Lenh nay chiem 3 byte, so chu ky clock =18. + Lenh nay khong anh hng en thanh ghi trang thai. 1 0 0 1 1 2. Lenh goi khi Z=0: 1 + Cu phap: 8 bit thap CNZ ADDR 8 bit cao
+ Ma oi tng: + Y ngha: vi x ly se thc hien chng trnh tai ADDR khi bit Z=0, ngay sau khi thc hien lenh anh hng en bit Z cua thanh ghi trang thai. Sau o se tr ve chng trnh chnh khi gap lenh tr ve. + Lenh nay chiem 3 byte, so chu ky clock =9/18. + Lenh nay khong anh hng en thanh ghi trang thai. ( Tng t cho cac lenh khac). Lenh goi khi bit Z=1: + Cu phap: CZ ADDR Lenh goi khi bit C=0: + Cu phap: CNC ADDR Lenh goi khi bit C=1: + Cu phap: CC ADDR Lenh goi khi bit P=0: + Cu phap: CPO ADDR Lenh goi khi bit P=1: + Cu phap: CPE ADDR Lenh goi khi bit S=0: + Cu phap: CP ADDR Lenh goi khi bit S=1: + Cu phap: CM ADDR
3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.
SVTH:
3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.
SVTH:
port-addr
2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
+ Y ngha: nhap noi dung cua co a ch port-addr vao thanh ghi A. a ch port-addr co o dai 1 byte. + Lenh nay chiem 2 byte, so chu ky xung clock = 10. + Thanh ghi trang thai khong thay oi. (Tng t cho cac lenh khac). Lenh xuat d lieu ra port: + Cu phap: OUT port-addr Lenh cho phep ngat: + Cu phap: EI Lenh khong cho phep ngat: + Cu phap: DI Lenh read interrupt mask: + Cu phap: RIM Lenh set interrupt mask: + Cu phap: SIM Bang tra cac NHOM LENH AC BIET: thanh ghi: Lenh nghch ao noi dung thanh ghi A: Register ddd or + Cu phap: CMA sss Lenh at bit carry: B 000 + Cu phap: STC C 001 Lenh nghch ao bit carry: D 010 + Cu phap: CMC E 011 Lenh ieu chnh thap phan: H 100 + Cu phap: DAA L 101 Lenh nop: M 110 + Cu phap: NOP A 111 Lenh dng: + Cu phap: HLT Bang 2.1
SVTH:
Vd3
SVTH:
CHNG III
GIAO TIEP SONG SONG: GIAO TIEP QUA CONG MAY IN 1.1 Vai net c ban ve cong may in: Viec noi may in vi may tnh c thc hien qua o cam 15 chan pha sau may tnh. Nhng ay khong phai ch la cho noi vi may in ma khi s dung may tnh vao viec khac, nh truyen d lieu t may tnh ti mot thiet b khac, hay ieu khien thiet b bang may tnh th viec ghep noi cung c ghep noi qua cong may in. Qua cong nay d lieu c truyen i song song, nen oi khi con c goi la cong ghep noi song song va toc o truyen cung at en mc ang ke. Tat ca cac ng dan cua cong may in eu tng thch vi TTL. Ngha la chung eu cung cap mc ien ap nam gia 0V en 5V. do o ta can lu y la cac ng dan vao cong nay khong c at mc ien ap qua ln. S sap xep cac chan cua cong eay in vi tat ca cac ng dan c mo ta nh sau: Chc Cha n 1 2 .. 9 10 11 nang cac chan Ky Out/in Chc nang O O O O O O O O O O O O hieu1 O Strobe Out Byte c in O O O O O O O O O D0 .. OutO OCac ng d lieu D0 .. D7. O D7 In Phan thu bao cho phan phat biet a thu 25xong mot k t 14 ACK In Busy Phan tn hieu do phan thu bao cho phan 12 In phat biet la phan thu ang ban HNH 3.1 13 PE In Bao het giay 14 SLCT Out Bao chon may in 15 AF In May tnh bao ra may in t nap giay 16 ERROR Out Bao cac loi cua may in 17 INIT Out Reset may in 18 ..2 SLCTN Chon may in 5 GND Noi at
SVTH:
b. Thanh ghi trang thai: co a ch la 379h. D7 D6 D5 SO : 9D3 8D2 CHAN D4 c. Thanh ghi ieu khien 2 a ch: 37AH co D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 7 D1 D0 6 D0 ERROR SLCT PE Strobe ACK BUSY AF INIT SLCTIN 5 4 3
1.4. Hoat ong cua viec trao oi d lieu: HNH 3.2 a. Hoat ong cua phan phat: + oc Busy cho en khi Busy\ = 1. + gi d lieu ra bus d lieu + cho Strobe = 0. + chuan b d lieu tiep theo + quay ve bc 1 b. Hoat ong cua phan thu: ( Ngat + oc Strobe cho en khi Strobe = 1. + Busy = 0, 8259= 0. ACK ) + oc d lieu vao. + a ACK = 1. + x ly d lieu. + cho Busy = 1 e phat ky t tiep theo + quay ve bc 1
SVTH:
LU O PHAT
BEGIN LU O THU
BUSY BEGIN =1
STROBE = 0 OC D LIEU
ACK = 1
X LY D LIEU THOAT RA HNH 3.4 GVHD: Nguyen nh Phu Nguyen Trung Dung BUSY = 1
SVTH:
GIAO TIEP QUA SLOT CARD. (co a ch t 300..31FH). Trong may tnh ngi ta che tao san cac slot cho phep ngi s dung tnh nang cua may vi tnh bang cach gan them cac thiet b vao no. Moi slot eu co cac ng d lieu (data), a ch (address), cac ng +5V, 5V, + 12V, -12V va cac ng ieu khien nh CLK, IRQ, RESET, /IOW, IOR v vay neu thiet ke mach giao tiep qua slot se giam c rat nhieu linh kien, giam c bo nguon ben ngoai, de ieu khien, gia thanh thap nen ong thi toc o truyen d lieu cung nhanh. Tuy nhien ben canh nhng u iem no cung co nhng nhc iem nh: do slot card giao tiep c gan ben trong may nen cach giao tiep nay kho nhan c d lieu t ben ngoai. No b han che ve khoang cach lam viec ong thi moi lan s dung phai m rap may gay bat tien cho ngi s dung. Cac ranh cam trong may tnh PC may tnh PC/XT ranh cam trong may tnh ch co 1 loai vi o rong la 8 bit va tuan theo tieu chuan ISA (Industry Standard Architecture). T may tnh AT tr i viec bo tr chan tren ranh cam tr len phc tap hn, tuy theo tieu chuan khi la chon may tnh, cac loai ranh cam theo tieu chuan khac nhau co the kiem tra nh sau: + Ranh cam 16 bit theo tieu chuan ISA (Industry standard Architecture) + Ranh cam PS/2 vi 16 bit theo tieu chuan MCA (Micro Channel Architecture) + Ranh cam PC/2 vi 32 bit theo tieu chuan MCA . + Ranh cam 32 bit theo tieu chuan EISA (Extended Micro Channel Architecture) + Ranh cam 32 bit theo tieu chuan VESA + Ranh cam 32 bit theo tieu chuan PCI. Cho en nay phan ln cac card ghep noi dung trong ky thuat o lng va ieu khien eu c che tao e at vao ranh cam theo tieu chuan ISA. GIAO TIEP NOI TIEP QUA CONG COM RS232 1. VAI NET C BAN VE CONG NOI TIEP: Cong noi tiep RS232 la mot loai giao dien pho bien rong rai nhat, ta con goi la cong COM1, COM2 e t do cho cac ng dung khac nhau. Giong nh cong may in, cong noi tiep RS232 cung c s dung rat thuan tien trong viec ghep noi may tnh vi cac thiet b ngoai vi. Viec truyen d lieu qua cong RS232 c tien hanh
SVTH:
KY Y NGHA 1 2 HIEU 3 4 5 O O O O 8 DCD Data carrier detect O 3 RxD O O O Nhan d lieu O 2 TxR Phat d lieu 20 DTR D lieu au cuoi san sang 7 GND 6 7 8 9 at Noi 6 DSR Thiet b thong tin san sang 4 RTS Yeu cau gi 5 CTS Thiet b thong tin san sang 22 RI truyen 13 Ring in dicator O O O O O O ng dan qua Viec truyen d lieu xay ra tren 2 O O O O O O chan cam ra TxD, gi d lieu cua O no en thiet b khac. trong khi o d O O dan en chan O O lieu ma may tnh nhan c O O O O O O O RxD. cac tn hieu Ohieu ho tr khi trao oi thong tin va v khac ong vai tro nh tn 14 25 the khong phai trong moi ng dung eu dung en. Mc tn hieu tren chan ra RxD tuy thuoc vao ng dan TxD va thong tin thng nam trong khoang 12V.. + 12V cac bit d lieu c ao ngc lai. Mc ien ap mc cao nam trong khoang 3V va 12V va mc thap nam trong khoang t + 3Vva +12V . Trang thai tnh tren ng HNH 3.5 mc ien ap 12V. dan co Bang toc o baud ta thiet lap toc o truyen d lieu cac gia tr thong thng la 300, 600, 1200, 2400, 4800, 9600, va 19200 baud, Ky hieu baud la so lng bit truyen trong 1s. Con mot van e na la khuon mau (Format) truyen d laeu can phai c thiet lap nh nhau ca ben gi cung nh ben nhan cac thong so truyen co the c thiet lap tren may tnh PC bang cac cau lenh tren DOS. Ngay nay Windows cung co cac chng trnh rieng e s dung, khi o cac thong so truyen d lieu nh: toc o baud, so bit d lieu, so bit dng, bit chan le (parity) co the c thiet lap mot cach rat n gian.
SVTH:
2. S TRAO OI CUA CAC NG TN HIEU: Cung nh cong may in, cac ng dan tn hieu rieng biet cung cho phep trao oi qua lai cac a ch trong may tnh PC. trong trng hp nay ngi ta thng s dung nhng vi mach co o tch hp cao e co the hp nhat nhieu chc nang tren 1 chip. may tnh PC thng co mot bo phat/nhan khong ong bo van nang goi tat la UART: Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmister. e ieu khien s trao oi thong tin gia may tnh va cac thiet b ngoai vi. pho bien nhat la vi mach 8250 cua hang NSC hoac cac thiet b tiep theo, chang han nh 16C550. Bo AURT nay co 10 thanh ghi e ieu khien tat ca chc nang cua viec nhap vao, xuat ra d lieu theo cach noi tiep lien quan en noi dung cua phan nay ch e cap en `ai ieu ang quan tam o la: thanh ghi ieu khien modem va thanh ghi trang thai modem. a. Thanh ghi ieu khien modem: D7 0 D6 0 D5 0 D4 LOOP D3 D2 OUT2 UOT1 D1 D0 RTS DTR
D0 =1 a /DTR =0 D0 =0 a /DTR =1 D1 =1 a /RTS =0 D1 =0 a /RTS =1 OUT1 va OUT2 ieu khien au ra phu b)Thanh ghi trang thai modem: (a ch c ban +6) RLSD RI DSR CTS RLSD RI DSR CTR
Lai cung giong nh cong ghep noi vi may in, cac Thanh ghi c trao oi qua o nh trong vung vao/ra (input/output). a ch au tien co the ti c cua cong noi tiep goi la a ch 1 neu RI co bien oi Co cac gia tr cac a bt c ban (basic Address)cua cac ch cua cac thanh ghi tiep theo c out 2 out , DTR, RTS, them so at ti bang 1viec cong trong MCR thanh ghi a gap cua bo UART khi ch c = 1 vao a bit LOOPban. a ch c ban cua1: neu noi s thay o cac cong co tiep cua may tn hieu tng ng tnh PC c tom tat trong bang sau: CONG COM 1 COM 2 COM 3 COM 4 A CH C BAN 3F8H 2F8H 3E8H 2E8H
SVTH:
2. To chc bo nh:
a. Bo nh EPROM: Co dung lng 16kbyte s dung 2 EPROM 2764, chng trnh he thong cha EPROM th nhat, EPROM th 2 cha s dung c thiet ke dang socket. Socket cua EPROM th 2 co the s dung c cho EPROM co dung lng 2 kbyte, 4kbyte, 8kbyte va co the s dung cho bo nh RAM co dung lng 8kbyte bang cach chuyen oi cac Jump tren mainboard. + EPROM 1 co a ch t 0000h 1FFFh. + EPROM 2 co a ch t 2000h 3FFFh. Cach s dung cac Jump tren main: + Khi s dung EPROM co dung lng 2kbyte (IC 2716): hay ket noi chan so 2 va chan so 3 cua Jump 1. Vung a ch cua EPROM la 2000h 27FFh. + Khi s dung EPROM co dung lng 4kbyte (IC 2732): hay ket noi chan so 2 va chan so 1 cua Jump 1. Vung a ch cua EPROM la 2000h 2FFFh. + Khi s dung EPROM co dung 8kbyte ( IC 2764): hay ket noi chan so 2 va chan so 1 cua Jump 1, ket noi chan so 2 va chan so 3 cua Jump 2. Vung a ch cua EPROM la 2000h 3FFFh. + Khi s dung RAM co dung lng 8kbyte (IC 6264): hay ket noi chan so 2 va chan so 1 cua Jump 1, ket noi chan so 2 va chan so 1 cua Jump 2. Vung a ch cua RAM la 2000h 3FFFh. b. Bo nh RAM: Bo nh RAM co dung lng 16kbyte s dung 2 IC 6264. + RAM 1 co a ch t 6000h 7FFFh. + RAM 2 co a ch t 8000h 9FFFh. + Cac vung nh RAM a s dung co a ch la 87F8h en 87FFh. Chng trnh co the s dung toan bo cac vung nh RAM con lai. 3. Cac IC ngoai vi: Trong he thong co s dung 3 IC 8255A dung e giao tiep vi thiet b ngoai vi 8255-1 8255-2 Bang oanh cua 3 IC 8255: o ch cua cac port 8255-3 quet ban phm cho he thong may. + IC 8255 3 dung e Port A 00H 10H GVHD: Nguyen nh Phu SVTH: 20H Nguyen Trung Dung Port B 01H 11H 21H Port C 02H 12H 22H
23H
4. Khoi giai ma hien th s dung IC 8279: Gom co 8 led vi th t led 1 ti led 8 theo hng t phai sang trai nh hnh 4.2. LED8 LED7 LED6 LED5 LED4 LED3 LED2 LED 1
Hnh 4.2 Vung a ch s dung cua IC 8279 la A000H-A001H, trong o: + a ch A000H la ai ch dung e gi d lieu can hien th. f + a ch A001H la a ch dung e gi t ieu khien ra IC 8279. e a. Cau truc byte d lieu cua led: a g b c d p
dp g f e d c b a He thong s dung led loai Anode chung nen muon oan nao sang th bit d lieu tng ng vi oan o bang 1. oan nao tat th bit tng ng vi oan o bang 0. V du muon sang so "9" th byte d lieu gi ra led la: 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1
SVTH:
LED8 LED1
LED7
LED6
LED5
LED4
LED3
LED2
Hnh 4.3 Co the tm cac ma tng ng con lai. b. Co 2 cach hien th d lieu cac led:
+ Cach 1: khi gi d lieu mi ra a ch A000H th d lieu nay s hien th led 1, d lieu trc o cua led se dch sang trai theo chieu mui ten trong hnh 3. Rieng byte d lieu trc cua led 8 se dch mat i.
Mui ten nam ngang ch chieu nhan d lieu t vi x ly a en led 1, cac mui ten vong cung ch dch chuyen d lieu. Neu muon xoa het man hnh 8 led th gi 8 byte 00 lien tiep ra A000h. + Cach 2: Kieu gi d lieu cach 1 con c goi la kieu dch chuyen d lieu tuan t. Ben canh o 8279 con cho phep gi LED8lieu trc tiep en bat ky led nao LED3 8 led, to chc d trong LED7 LED6 LED5 LED4 LED2 cua led khong co g thay ay oi a ch gi d lieu van la LED1 A000H nhng moi led con co them mot a ch ieu khien nh 80H 81H 82H 83H 84H 85H trong hnh 4.4. a ch cua led phai gi ra a ch A001H trc khi 86H 87H gi d lieu ra a ch A000H. 5. Khoi giai ma ban phm dung 8255:
SVTH:
Phm Ma 8 9 A 0A B 0B
08 09
Phm Ma C D E F
0C 0D 0E 0F
SVTH:
SVTH:
CHNG V:
I.
Viec truyen thong tin gia cac bo phan nam gan nhau trong he vi x ly co the c thc hien thong qua bus song song m rong hoac cac mach phoi ghep song song. Trong o cac byte hoac cac t c chuyen t bo phan nay sang bo phan khac tren mot tap cac ng mach in hoac day cap. Trong trng hp can phai truyen thong tin cac thiet b cach xa nhau lam sao tiet kiem c so ng day dan can thiet cho viec truyen. T yeu cau tren a ra i phng phap truyen thong tin noi tiep. au phat d lieu song song au tien c chuyen thanh d lieu dang noi tiep sau o c truyen i lien tiep tren mot ng day. au thu, tn hieu noi tiep se c bien oi ngc lai e tai tao tn hieu dang song song t`ch hp cho viec x ly tiep theo. Trong thc te co 2 phng phap truyen thong tin kieu noi tiep: truyen ong bo va truyen khong ong bo. Trong phng phap truyen ong bo, d lieu c truyen theo tng mang vi toc o xac nh. Mang d lieu trc khi c truyen i se c gan them au va cuoi mang cac byte hoac mot nhom bit nh dau ac biet.
SVTH:
SYN
SYN
SOH
HEADER
STX BCC
TEXT
SYN : Ky t ong bo SOH : Ky t bat au phan mao au HEADER : Phan mao au STX : Ky t bat au van ban TEXT :Than van ban ETX : Ky t ket thuc van ban ETB : Ky t ket thuc van ban BCC : Ky t kiem tra khoi HNH 5.1 hnh 5.1 bieu dien mot ban tin e truyen ong bo theo giao thc BISYNC (giao thc truyen thong tin he 2 ong bo, binary synchronous communication protocal) ay thc chat la giao thc ieu khien theo byte, v cac byte (ky t) ac biet c dung e anh dau cac phan khac nhau cua ban tin. Trong cach truyen khong ong bo, d lieu c truyen i theo tng ky t. Ky t can truyen i c gan them mot bit anh dau au e bao bat au ky t (start) va 1 hoac 2 bit anh dau cuoi e bao ket thuc ky t (stop). V cuoi ky t c fhan dang rieng biet nen no co the c truyen i theo phng phap khong ong bo, c the hien tren hnh 5.1.
SVTH:
Start D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 Parity Stop Stop Ma cua ky t can truyen HNH 5.2 : Khung cua mot ky t e truyen khong Tuy theo loai ma c chon dung trong khi truyen (Baudot, Ascii, ong bo ) o dai cho ma ky t co the la 5 , 6 , 7, 8 bit. Tuy theo he thong truyen tin, ben canh cac bit d lieu con co the tuy chon co hay khong co 1 bit parity e kiem tra loi khi truyen co the tuy chon 1 hoac 2 bit stop, nhng bat buoc phai co mot bit start. Nh vay e truyen mot ky t theo phng phap khong ong bo, ngoai ky t mang tin ta buoc phai truyen them t nhat 2 va nhieu nhat la 4 bit phu e tao ra khung cho ky t o, v the phng phap nay tuy n gian nhng co hieu suat khong cao. Toc o truyen d lieu theo phng phap noi tiep c o bang bit/s. Ngoai ra ngi ta cung hay dung n v baud, o la gia tr ngch ao cua thi gian gia cac lan thay oi mc tn hieu, vi d lieu ch co hai mc (0 va 1) va moi thay oi mc tn hieu ch ma hoa mot bit th co the hieu baud = bit/s, cac toc o truyen thng gap trong thc te la 11, 300, 600, 1200, 2400, 4800, 9600, 19200 baud. e tao ieu kien de dang cho viec phoi ghep ng truyen noi tiep vi he vi x ly va e giam toi a cac mach phu them ben ngoai ngi ta a che tao ra cac vi mach to hp c ln lap trnh c co kha nang hoan thanh phan ln cac cong viec can thiet trong khi phoi ghep. o la cac mach thu phat di bo van nang IN8250/16450 cua National va mach thu phat ong bo d bo van nang 8251 cua Intel.
II.
Trong phan nay ta se gii thieu mach 8251A o la vi mach USART co the dung cho ca hai kieu truyen thong tin noi tiep ong bo, d bo. S o chan va s o thanh ghi c trnh bay hnh 5.3 1. S o chan va s o khoi a. nhom tn hieu ghep noi vi vi x ly gom: - /CS noi vi bo giai ma a ch A1.. An e chon 2 thanh ghi. (A0 = 1ieu khien trang thai, A0 = 0 em so lieu).
SVTH:
- C/D noi vi ng day a ch A0 e mot trong 2chon vi /CS chp cap thanh ghi tren. mach - /WR noi vi chan /WR cua vi x ly. /RD read oc 28 - /RD noi vi chan /RD cua vi x ly. /WR write viet - CLK noi vi ng27 day CLK cua vi x ly. C/D control/data D1 D2 1noi vi ng day reset cua vi x ly. - Reset ieu khien so 26 D0 D3 D7 noi vi cac ng dan D0D7 cua VXL. - D0 2 lieu 25 3 RxD Nhom tn hieu ghep noiVcc Modem b. voi CLK clock nhp 24 /RxC 4 GND/DTR D0..D7 data O/I - /DSR 23 bus d lieu vao /DTR D4/RTS5 ra 22 /RTS D5/CTS6 /TxC transmit clock 21 7 8251 D6 Nhom tn hieu gep noi /DSR c. vi ng day - nhp truyen va truyen nhan 20 Reset 8 D7 KGN: A RxC receiver clock - TxEMTY thanh ghi em truyen rong. 19 RST reset /TxCTxR 9 so lieu truyen. CLK cho 18 TxD 10 /WRTxRDy bao so lieu truyen a san sang. /DTR dada terminal ready 17 11 /CSRxRDy bao so lieu nhan TxEMPTY a san sang. /DSR data set det/Break : ch 16 ong bo/t dong tin. ready /CTS C/DSyn 12 d. Nhom tn hieu ghep noiSyndet/B phat xung nhp. vi may 15 /RTS request to send /RDTxD 13 : nhp truyen. /CTS clear to send R RxRDY 14 - RxC : nhp nhan. TxD transmit data RxD receiver data TxRDy transmit ready (a) RxRDy receiver ready 2. Cac thanh ghi: TxEMTY transmist hnh 5.4a va hnh 5.4b mo ta bo thanh ghi cua 8251, gom: /CS ghi trang thai va thanh ghi ieu khien. TxD register empty thanh /RD Hai thanh ghi ghi truyen cung mot a ch Syn/BRK- Break mot Thanh tren co vi A0 = 1, /WR e ghi (/WR) lenh ieu khien va mot e oc (/RD) trang detect dung C/D thai. Hai thanh ghi ghi em lieu ghi va oc co cung mot a ch Thanh em so D0 0) va dung e ghi va oc so lieu can truyen va nhan cua (A0 = truyen D1 KGN. Cac lenh cho cac thanh ghi tren nh bang sau: D2 RxD D3 Thanh ghi /RD LENH nhan /CE C/D /WR D4 0 1 0 1 Ghi vao thanh ghi ieu khien (che o, D5 0 1 1 0 lenh). D6 0 0 Thanh ghi em oc thanh ghi trang thai. 0 1 D7 0 0 nhan 1 0 Ghi so lieu vao thanh ghi em truyen. CLK 1 x x x oc so lieu t thanh ghi em nhan. RST Thanh ghi che Tr khang cao (khong dung). RxRDY Hnh 5.3 : S o TxRDY o chan (a) -TxEMTy ghi ieu khien Thanh va cac -Vcc Thanh ghi trangghi lenh Thanh thai thanh ghi (b) GND cua 8251A GVHD: NguyenghiSyn/BRK TxC SVTH: Thanh nh Phu /DSR /DTR /CTS /RTS trang thai Dung Nguyen Trung RxC (b)
TxRDY
Toc o truyen Bit chan le X0 khong kiem tra chan le kiem tra le 10 kiem tra chan 00 ong bo 01 khong ong bo x1 10 khong ong bo x 16 11 khong ong bo x64 o dai ky t 5 bit 6bit 7bit 8 bit
Hnh 5.4a
ieu khien khung. khong gia tr mot bit dng 1.5 bit dng 2 bit dng
SVTH:
Cho phep phat 1= cho phep So lieu au 0= cam cuoi San sang, DTR\ =1 Cho phep thu 1= cho phep RxRDy 0= cam RxRDy Gi tn hieu cat 1= a TxD = 0 0= hoat ong bnh thng Xoa c bao loi 1= xoa c PE, OE, FE Yeu cau phat 1= a tn hieu RTS/= 0 Ngat mem 1= xoa cac thanh ghi Che o bat ong bo 1= tm ky t ong bo Sync HNH 5.4b
SVTH:
OE
PE
TxEM
RxRDy Ch 8251 san sang nhan 1 ch hay lenh e truyen Ch san sang nhan so lieu e truyen cho Bit bao sai chan VXL le Pe= 1 khi co sai xoa bang ER cua lenh
Bit ch loi tran Khi VXL cha oc li trc, li sau a ti th OE =1 xoa bang ER cua lenh Bit ch sai khung (khong ong bo) khi so bit dng b sai FE= 1 xoa bang ER =1 Hnh 5.4c
SVTH:
SVTH:
III.
HNH 5.5
SVTH:
AH AH - 1
Delay
Delay
SVTH:
Trng H SPKT Luan van tot nghiep chng trnh khi phat: MOV MOV OUT MOV D0 : LOOP OUT D1: MOV LOOP OUT MOV D2: LOOP MOV OUT MOV D3: LOOP MOV OUT MOV D4: LOOP END DX, 0FFF2h AL,00h DX,AL CX 2h D0 DX, AL CX,2h D1 DX, AL CX,2h D2 AL, 40h DX, AL CX, 2h D3 AL, 11001110B DX, AL CX, 2h D4
SVTH:
A 1 A 11 D 0 D 7 Reset CLK A0 RD \ WR \
Giai ma ia
CS \
GND
O O O O O O O O O 6 9
INTR INTA \
8251
2. Truyen thong tin noi tiep gia kit VXL va may tnh:
SVTH:
CHNG VI:
e vi x ly giao tiep vi nhng thiet b ben ngoai, ngi ta thng dung vi mach giao tiep 8255A, vi mach nay co kha nang giao tiep rat rong, va co the xuat d lieu, va co the nhan d lieu tuy theo ngi lap trnh ieu khien bang cach thay oi t`ong so cua thanh ghi ieu khien.
II. S O CHAN, S O LOGIC, CHC NANG CAC CHAN CUA VI MACH 8255A.
S o chan va s o logic cua vi mach 8255A c the hien qua hnh ve:
PA3 PA2 PA1 PA0 RD \ CS\ GND A1 A0 PC7 PC6 PC5 PC4 PC0 PC1 PC2 PC3 PB0 PB1 Hnh 6.1 PB2 PA4 PA5 PA6 PA7 WR\ D0 D7 RESET 8255A D0 D1 D2 8255A D3 RD\ D4 WR\ D5 D6 RESET D7 Vcc A0 PB7 A1 PB6 PB5 CS\ PB4 S o chan va s o logic cua vi mach PB3 20 21 1 40
PA0 PA7
PB0 PB7
Trong o:
Chan 1 4, 37 40 (PA0 PA7): la cac ng xuat nhap co ten la cong A. Chan 18 25 (PB0 PB7): la cac ng nhap xuat co ten cong B. Chan 10 13, 14 17 (PB0 PB7): la cac ng nhap xuat co ten cong C. Chan 27 34 (D0 D7): la cac ng d lieu (data) hoat ong hai chieu, dan tn hieu ieu khien t vi x ly ra cac
SVTH:
Chan 26 (Vcc) : nguon 5 VDC. Chan 7 (GND) : GND 0 VDC. III. CAU TRUC BEN TRONG VA HOAT ONG CUA VI MACH 8255A. 1. S o khoi cau truc ben trong cua vi mach 8255A.
SVTH:
PA7 PA0
Port A Port C
(4 bit cao) PC7 PC4
khien nhom A
D7 D0
Nhom A
Port C
(4 bit thap)
PC3 PC0
Logic Port B Hnh 6.2: S o khoi cau truc ben trong cua 8255A ieu 2. Hoat ong cua vi mach 8255A: khien Nhom ghi/o T s o khoi cau truc ben trong cua vi mach B c
PB7 PC0
T ieu khien la d lieu c gi ti thanh ghi ieu khien. Gia tr cua t ieu khien se xac nh cau hnh lam viec cho cac cong cua 8255A, o la viec la chon chc nang nhap hay xuat cua cac cong.
a. Cau truc cua t ieu khien: Do cac cong cua 8255A c chia lam hai nhom nen t ieu khien cung c chia lam hai nhom ieu khien tng ng.
SVTH:
SVTH:
Vi D0, D1. D3, D4 tuy chon theo yeu cau cua ngi s dung. * Nhom A c cau hnh mode 1.
mode 1, cac cong lam viec co chot (Strobed I/O), thiet b giao tiep muon 8255A nhan d lieu th thiet b o phai tao ra mot tn hieu yeu cau 8255A nhan d lieu va ngc lai, 8255A muon gi d lieu cho mot thiet b khac th no phai gi 1 tn hieu yeu cau thiet b o nhan d lieu, tn hieu o goi la tn hieu chot.
+ Khi cong A c cau hnh la cong nhap d lieu, chc nang cac ng tn hieu c trnh bay nh hnh ve: T ieu khien : 1 0 1 1 D3 x x x
PA0PA7 PC4 PC5
INTE A
STBA\ IBFA
RD\
PC3 PC6,
7
INTRA I/O
Hnh 6.4 : Chc nang cac ng tn hieu khi cong A la cong nhap d lieu Cac ng tn hieu cua cong C tr thanh cac ng ieu khien cua cong A. Trong o : Bit INTEA (Interrupt Enable) c thiet lap mc logic di s ieu khief cua phan mem dung cau truc Set/Reset cua 8255A. Bit PC4 tr thanh bit STBA (Strobed Input, tac ong mc thap),
SVTH:
OBFA\ ACKA\
WR\
PC3 PC4,
5
INTRA I/O
Hnh 6.5 : Chc nang cac ng tn hieu khi cong A la cong xuat d lieu Bit PC7 tr thanh bit OBFA (Output Buffer Full, tac ong mc thap), khi co d lieu t vi x ly gi ra cong A, tn hieu OBF se yeu cau thiet b ben ngoai nhan d lieu. Bit PC6 tr thanh bit ACKA (Acknowledge Input, tac ong mc thap), thiet b nhan d lieu dung tn hieu nay e bao cho 8255A biet d lieu a c nhan va san sang nhan d lieu mi. Bit PC3 tr thanh bit INTRA (Interrupt Request, tac ong mc cao), bit nay co mc logic bang 1 khi bit OBFA = 1, ACKA = 1 va bit INTEA = 1. Tn hieu INTRA tac ong en ngo vao ngat cua vi x ly
SVTH:
SVTH:
STBB\ IBFB
RD\
PC0
INTRB
Hnh 6.6 : Chc nang cac ng tn hieu khi cong B la cong nhap d lieu Chc nang cua cac bit ieu khien giong nh khi nhom A hoat ong mode 1 va cong A c cau hnh la cong nhap d lieu. + Cong B c cau hnh la cong xuat d lieu. Chc nang cac ng tn hieu c trnh bay nh hnh ve :
PB0PB7 PC1 PC2
T ieu khien: 1 x X x x 1 0 x
INTE B
OBFB\ ACKB\
WR\ Hnh 6.7 : Chc nang cac ng tn hieu cong B la cong xuat d lieu
PC0
INTRB khi
Chc nang cua cac t ieu khien giong nh khi nhom A hoat ong mode 1 va cong A c cau hnh la cong xuat d lieu. * Nhom A c cau hnh mode 2.
Mode 2 la kieu hoat ong strobed bi-directional IO : co hai chc nang nhap xuat d lieu.
T ieu khien khi nhom A c cau hnh mode 2 va chc nang cua cac ng tn hieu c trnh bay hnh ve:
SVTH:
INTE 1 INTE 2
WR\
RD\ PC2,1,0 I/O Hnh 6.8: Chc nang cac ng tn hieu khi nhom A hoat ong mode 2 Cac ng tn hieu cua cong C tr thanh cac ng ieu khien cua cong A. Bit PC7 tr thanh bit OBFA, PC6 tr thanh bit ACKA, PC4 tr thanh bit STBA, PC5 tr thanh bit IBFA va bit PC3 tr thanh bit INTRA, chc nang cua cac bit ieu khien giong nh mode 1, ch khac tn hieu INTRA = 1 khi OBFA = 1 va INTE1 = 1 hoac IBFA = 1 va INTE2 = 1. Cac bit PC0 PC2 la cac bit nhap xuat d lieu bnh thng tuy thuoc vao t ieu khien trong thanh ghi ieu khien. Mot chu y can thiet la khi nhom A c cau hnh mode 2 th nhom B ch c cau hnh mode 0. IV. GIAO TIEP GIA VI X LY VI 8255A: Vi mach 8255A co the giao tiep vi vi x ly theo 2 kieu: kieu nhap/xuat (kieu I/O) va kieu bo nh. Khi vi x ly giao tiep vi 8255A theo kieu I/O no ch dung c 8 ng a ch t A0 A7 ma thoi con khi giao tiep kieu bo nh, no dung c ca 16 ng a ch, v vay dung lng giao tiep kieu I/O thap hn dung lng giao tiep kieu bo nh. 1. Giao tiep kieu I/O. Khi thiet ke vi x ly giao tiep vi 8255A theo kieu I/O th d lieu se c truy xuat bang 2 lenh : IN addr-port va OUT addrport. D lieu giao tiep luon cha trong thanh ghi A. a ch cong (addr-port) co o dai la 8 bit. A2 en CS\ cua GVHD: Nguyen nh Phu SVTH: 8255A -1 cua en CS\ A3 Nguyen Trung Dung DECODER 8255A -2 cua en CS\ 2 TO 4 8255A -3 cua LINE en CS\ 8255A -4
2. Giao tiep kieu bo nh. Khi thiet ke 8255A giao tiep vi vi x ly theo kieu bo nh th chc nang cua 8255A khong thay oi, ch thay oi kieu truy xuat. Vi kieu I/O th a ch cua cac cong va thanh ghi ieu khien la 8 bit th kieu bo nh, a ch cua cac cong va thanh
SVTH:
SVTH:
CHNG VII:
BEGIN
HNH 7.1
END
SVTH:
BEGIN
Kiem tra san sang :DSR= RxRDY=1 HNH 7.2 OC SO LIEU T THANH GHI EM SO LIEU
END
SVTH:
;xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx ;chuong trinh con delay org 6200h delay: mvi b,3 x0: dcr b jnz X0 ret ;xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx ;chuong trinh truyen du lieu grg 4100h mvi a,00h ;xoa reg lenh out 01h call delay out 01h call delay out 01h call delay mvi a,40h ;xoa cac thanh ghi noi out 01h call delay mvi a,0ceh ;goi tu dk che do out 01h call delay lxi d,6500h mvi a,03h ;goi tu lenh out 01h call delay x1: in 01 ;doc tg trang thai ani 10000001b;giu MSB va LSB cpi 81h jnz x1 ldax d mov l,a out 00h ;doc byte dia chi de truyen call delay mvi a,21h ;goi tu lenh de truyen di out 01 call delay inr e mvi a,03h out 01h call delay GVHD: Nguyen nh Phu SVTH: Nguyen Trung Dung
x2: in 01h ani 81h cpi 81h jnz x2 ldax d mov h,a out 00h call delay mvi a,21h out 01h call delay inr e mvi a,03h out 01h call delay x13: in 01h ani 81h cpi 81h jnz x13 ldax d mov c,a out 00 call delay mvi a,21h out 01h call delay x4: mvi a,03h out 01h call delay x3: ani cpi jnz in 01h 81h 81h x3
mov a,m ;truyen du lieu out 00h call delay mvi a,21h out 01h call delay inr l GVHD: Nguyen nh Phu Nguyen Trung Dung
SVTH:
Trng H SPKT Luan van tot nghiep dcr c jnz x4 ;hien chu E de biet cham dut lxi h,0a000h mvi m,79h hlt
4. CHNG TRNH NHAN D LIEU:
;x-chuong trinh nhan du lieu-x org 4300h mvi a,00h ; out 01h call delay out 01h call delay out 01h call delay mvi a,40h out 01h call delay mvi a,0ceh out 01h call delay mvi a,26h out 01h call delay y5: ani cpi jnz in 01h 82h 82h y5 ;cat byte dia chi thap xoa cac thanh ghi
in 00h mov e,a mov l,a y6: ani cpi jnz in 01h 82h 82h y6
in 00h mov d,a mov h,a GVHD: Nguyen nh Phu Nguyen Trung Dung
SVTH:
Trng H SPKT Luan van tot nghiep y7: in 01h ani 82h cpi 82h jnz y7 in 00h mov c,a y8: in 01h ani 81h cpi 81h jnz y8 in 00h stax d inr e dcr c jnz y8 pchl end ;nap du lieu vao o nho
SVTH:
SVTH:
HNH 7.4
SVTH:
MAT DI
MAT TREN
SVTH:
SVTH:
KET LUAN
Qua thi gian thc hien, di s hng dan tan tnh cua Thay Nguyen nh Phu cung s giup rat nhieu cua quy thay co trong khoa, em a co gang hoan thanh luan van ung theo yeu cau va thi gian quy nh. Trong luan van chung em a thc hien c nhng cong viec sau: Khao sat phan ly thuyet: - Gii thieu vi x ly. - Gii thieu cach giao tiep. - khao sat kit vi x ly 8085. Thi cong mach ien cho phan giao tiep. Mac du a rat co gang, nhng do kien thc va thi gian co han nen co nhng phan chung em cha lam c nh: phan giao dien man hnh. Va em se khong tranh khoi nhng ieu thieu sot, nham lan khac, knh mong quy thay co thong cam bo qua. Ngi thc hien mong moi cac ban sinh vien khoa ien nhng khoa sau bo xung cho luan van nay hoan chnh hn.
SVTH:
SVTH:
SVTH:
PHU LUC
CHNG TRNH TRUYEN D LIEU CUA MAY TNH
; TERMINAL.ASM ; STACK stack segment db 300 stack ends ; DATA data segment prompt filename db buffer buffrr handle openerr errcode
stack dup('?')
db 'File name:$' 30 dup(0) db 512 dup(0) db 512 dup(0) dw ? db 0dh,0ah,'OPEN ERROR db 30h,'$'
- COPDE'
;messages MENU_MS db ' **TERMINAL PROGRAM**',0dh,0ah db '<F1> to redisplay this MENU',0dh,0ah db '<F2> to set communications protocol',0dh,0ah db '<F3> to display protocol installed',0dh,0ah db '<F4> to open file.hex and trasnmit',0dh,0ah db '<F9> to exit the TERMINAL program',0dh,0ah db 'All character typed are transmitter',0dh,0ah db 'All character receiver are display',0dh,0ah db 0dh,0a`,'$' PROT_MS db '* Installed communications protocol',0dh,0ah db 'Baud rate:' Baud% db '2400',0dh,0ah db 'Parity:' Par% db 'Even',0dh,0ah db 'Stop bit:' Stop% db '1',0dh,0ah db 'Word length:' Word% db '8',0dh,0ah,0ah,'$' GVHD: Nguyen nh Phu Nguyen Trung Dung SVTH:
Trng H SPKT Luan van tot nghiep Baud$$ Par$$ db db '110 150 300 600 1200 2400 4800 9600' 'odd noneven' 0dh,0ah,'**New communication parameter' 'rs input **',0dh,0ah 'baud rate:',0dh,0ah '1 = 110',0dh,0ah '2 = 150',0dh,0ah '3 = 300',0dh,0ah '4 = 600',0dh,0ah '5 = 1200',0dh,0ah '6 = 2400',0dh,0ah '7 = 4800',0dh,0ah '8 = 9600',0dh,0ah 'Select: $' 0dh,0ah,'Pariry:',0dh,0ah '1 = odd',0dh,0ah '2 = none',0dh,0ah '3 = even',0dh,0ah 'Select: $' 0dh,0ah,'Stop bit:',0dh,0ah '1 = 1 stop bit',0dh,0ah '2 = 2 stop bit',0dh,0ah 'Select: $' 0dh,0ah,'Word length:',0dh,0ah '1 = 7 bit',0dh,0ah '2 = 8 bit',0dh,0ah 'Select: $' db 0dh,0ah,'**" cannot transmit ;address of RS 232 card ; ;segment ;offset
baud_menu db db db db db db db db db db db db par_menu db db db db db Stop_menu db db db db Word_menu db db db db err1_ms ***',0dh,0ah card_base dw inT_num setup_byte ;Origin O_int_seg dw O_int_off dw
;circular buffer and pointer: circ_buf db 20 dup(00h) dw 0 data_in dw 0 ;imput pointer GVHD: Nguyen nh Phu Nguyen Trung Dung
SVTH:
data ends ;xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx CODE xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx code segment assume CS:code start: mov ax,data mov ds,ax assume ds:data mov es,ax assume es:data ;display MENU at cursor mov dx,offset menu_ms ;messages call show_message ;hardware type push ds mov dx,0f000h mov ds,dx mov al,ds:[0fffeh] ;code to AL ;get addr of the RS232 card from BIOS data area mov dx,0 mov ds,dx mov cx,ds:0400h pop ds mov card_base,cx ;determine interrupt number: ; 0bh IRQ4 all other cmp al,0fdh jne set_address mov int_num,0bh ;save/install interrupt set_address: mov ah,53 mov al,int_num int 21h mov o_int_seg,es mov o_int_off,bx mov ah,37 mov al,int_num mov dx,offset cs:rs232_int push ds push cs pop ds int 21h GVHD: Nguyen nh Phu SVTH: Nguyen Trung Dung
Trng H SPKT Luan van tot nghiep pop ds ;set protocol mov al,10111011b mov ah,0 mov dx,0 int 14h call comm_on call flush ; monitor: mov ah,1 int 16h jz ser_imp jmp char_typed ser_imp: sti ;interrupt on mov cx,50 delay: nop nop loop delay ;test for new data received cli mov bx,data_out cmp bx,data_in jne new_data sti jmp monitor ;process char char_typed: mov ah,0 int 16h ;test for <F1>,<F2>,<F3>,<F4> and <F9> keys cmp ax,3b00h jne test_f2 jmp show_menu ;F1 key pressed test_f2: cmp ax,3c00h jne test_f3 jmp set_protocol ;F2 key pressed test_f3: cmp ax,3d00h jne test_f4 jmp show_protocol ;F3 key pressed test_f4: cmp ax,3e00h jne test_f9 GVHD: Nguyen nh Phu Nguyen Trung Dung
SVTH:
Trng H SPKT Luan van tot nghiep jmp tran_file ;F4 key pressed test_f9: cmp ax,4300h je dos_exit jmp show_and_send ;F2 key pressed dos_exit: call comm_off mov ah,37 mov al,int_num mov dx,o_int_off mov ax,o_int_seg mov ds,ax int 21h ;exit mov ah,76 mov al,0 int 21h ;redisplay menu show_menu: mov dx,offset menu_ms call show_message jmp monitor ;new data receiver new_data: lea si,circ_buf mov bx,data_out add si,bx mov al,byte ptr[si] ;update output pointer inc bx cmp bx,20 jne ok_out_ptr mov bx,0 ok_out_ptr: mov data_out,bx sti call tty jmp monitor set_protocol: call comm_off baud_rates: mov dx,offset baud_menu call show_message GVHD: Nguyen nh Phu Nguyen Trung Dung
SVTH:
Trng H SPKT Luan van tot nghiep call get_key call tty cmp al,'1' jc baud_rates cmp al,'9' jnc baud_rates sub al,30h ;ascii to binary sub al,1 ;to range 0 to 7 push ax mov cl,4 mul cl mov si,offset baud$$ mov ah,0 add si,ax mov di,offset baud% mov cx,4 cld push ds pop es rep movsb pop ax mov cl,5 shl al,cl mov setup_byte,al parity: mov dx,offset par_menu call show_message call get_key call tty ;valid input range is "1" to "3" cmp al,'1' jc parity cmp al,'4' jnc parity ;input is valid range sub al,30h push ax ;select 4 byte parity message and place in display area sub al,1 mov al,4 mul cl mov si,offset par$$ mov ah,0 add si,ax GVHD: Nguyen nh Phu Nguyen Trung Dung
SVTH:
mov di,offset par% mov cx,4 cld push ds pop es rep movsb pop ax mov cl,3 shl al,cl or setup_byte,al stopbits: mov dx,offset stop_menu call show_message call get_key call tty ;valid input range is "1" or "2" cmp al,'1' jc stopbits cmp al,'3' jnc stopbits mov si,offset stop% mov byte ptr[si],al sub al,31h mov cl,2 shl al,cl or setup_byte,al word_length: mov dx,offset word_menu call show_message call get_key call tty ;valid input range is '1' or '2' cmp al,'1' jc word_length cmp al,'3' jnc word_length push ax ;Input in valid range. Add 6 and move input to display area add al,6 mov si,offset word% mov byte ptr[si],al pop ax GVHD: Nguyen nh Phu SVTH: Nguyen Trung Dung
Trng H SPKT Luan van tot nghiep sub al,30h inc al or setup_byte,al ;install new parameter mov al,setup_byte mov dx,0 mov ah,0 int 14h ;line feed and cariage reture before exit mov al,0dh call tty mov al,0ah call tty ;communication call comm_on jmp monitor ; ;display protocol show_protocol: mov dx,offset prot_ms call show_message jmp monitor ; ********************************************************** **** ;output and display show_and_send: mov cx,2000 push ax thre_wait: mov dx,card_base add dx,5 in al,dx jmp short $+2 test al,20h jnz ok_2_send loop thre_wait ;wait period timed out,display error message and exit pop ax mov dx,offset err1_ms call show_message jmp monitor ok_2_send: pop ax ;place in transmitter hoding register to send GVHD: Nguyen nh Phu SVTH: Nguyen Trung Dung
Trng H SPKT Luan van tot nghiep mov dx,card_base out dx,al jmp short $+2 ;display character call tty jmp monitor ; ********************************************************** **** ;CAC CHUONG TRINH CON comm_on proc near cli ;interrupt off ;reset buffer pginter to start of buffer mov data_in,0 mov data_out,0 ;set dx to base address of RS 232 card from BIOS mov dx,card_base mov dl,0fch mov al,00001011b out dx,al jmp short $+2 ;set bit 7 mov dl,0fbh in al,dx jmp short $+2 and al,7fh out dx,al jep short $+2 in al,21h jmp short $+2 and al,0e7h out 21h,al jmp short $+2 ;I/o delay ;reenable interrupt sti ret comm_on endp comm_off proc near in al,21h or al,18h out 21h,al jmp short $+2 ret GVHD: Nguyen nh Phu Nguyen Trung Dung
SVTH:
Trng H SPKT Luan van tot nghiep comm_off endp show_message proc near mov ah,9 int 21h ret show_message endp
tty proc near tty_one: push ax mov ah,14 mov bx,0 int 10h pop ax cmp al,0dh jne not_cr mov al,0ah jmp tty_one not_cr: ret tty endp flush proc near flush_1: mov ah,1 int 16h jz no_old_chars mov ah,0 int 16h jmp flush_1 no_old_chars: ret flush endp get_key mov int ret get_key proc ah,0 16h endp near
rs232_int: sti ;interrupt on push ax GVHD: Nguyen nh Phu Nguyen Trung Dung
SVTH:
Trng H SPKT Luan van tot nghiep push push push push bx dx di ds
mov dx,data mov ds,dx assume ds:data data_check: mov dx,card_base mov dl,0fdh in al,dx jmp short $+2 test al,1eh jnz data_error jmp data_check data_error: mov al,'1' jmp store_byte data_ready: mov dl,0f8h in al,dx jmp short $+2 and al,7fh store_byte: lea di,circ_buf mov bx,data_in add di,bx mov byte ptr[diU,al inc bx cmp bx,20 jne ok_in_ptr mov bx,0 ok_in_ptr: mov data_in,bx mov al,20h out 20h,al jmp short $+2 pop ds pop di pop dx pop bx pop ax GVHD: Nguyen nh Phu Nguyen Trung Dung
SVTH:
; xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx tran_file: call get_name ;doc ten file lea dx,filename ;dx chua offset cua ten file mov al,0 call open jc open_error mov handle,ax read_loop: lea dx,buffer ;tro toi vung dem mov bx,handle ;lay the file call read ;doc file,AX = so byte doc duoc or ax,ax ;ket thuc file je pexit ;dung, ket thuc file mov cx,ax ;CX chua so byte doc duoc call display ;hien thi file jmp read_loop ;lap lai open_error: lea dx,openerr ;lay thong bao loi add errcode,al mov ah,9 int 21h ;hien thi thong bao loi ; ********************************************************** **** ;output and display ;show_and_send: pexit: mov cx,2000 pthre_wait: mov dx,card_base add dx,5 in al,dx jmp short $+2 test al,20h jnz pok_2_send loop pthre_wait ;wait period timed out,display error message and exit mov dx,offset err1_ms call show_message jmp ppexit GVHD: Nguyen nh Phu SVTH: Nguyen Trung Dung
Trng H SPKT Luan van tot nghiep pok_2_send: call con_hex ;goi chtr con chuyen sang so hex lea dx,buffrr mov cx,256 call display mov cx,256 ;place in transmitter hoding register to send mov dx,card_base lea di,buffrr ;tro toi vung dem ppl: mov al,[di] ;lay byte data out dx,al jmp short $+2 call edelay inc di loop ppl ;display character ; call tty ppexit: mov bx,handle ;lay the file call close ;dong the file jmp monitor ; ********************************************************** **** get_name proc near push ax push dx push di mov ah,9 ;ham hien thi chuoi lea dx,prompt int 21h cld lea di,filename ;DI tro toi ten file mov ah,1 ;ham doc ki tu tu ban phim read_name: int 21h cmp al,0dh ;co phai CR je done ;dung ket thuc stosb ;luu no vao trong chuoi jmp read_name ;tiep tuc doc vao done: mov al,0 stosb ;luu byte 0 pop di GVHD: Nguyen nh Phu SVTH: Nguyen Trung Dung
Trng H SPKT Luan van tot nghiep pop dx pop ax ret get_name endp open proc near mov ah,3dh ;ham mo file mov al,0 ;chi doc int 21h ret open endp read proc near push cx mov ah,3fh mov cx,512 int 21h pop cx ret read endp display proc push bx mov ah,40h mov bx,1 ;the int 21h pop bx ret display endp close mov int ret close proc ah,3eh 21h endp
near ;ham ghi file file cho man hinh ;dong file
edelay proc near push ax push bx mov ax,06h edel2: mov bx,0ffffh edel1: dec bx jnz edel1 dec ax jnz edel2 pop bx pop ax GVHD: Nguyen nh Phu Nguyen Trung Dung
SVTH:
Trng H SPKT Luan van tot nghiep ret edelay endp ;++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ con_hex proc near push ax push bx push cx push dx push di push si mov ax,0b800h mov bx,0 cld lea si,buffrr mov cx,260 mov al,0 xxx8: mov [si],al inc si loop xxx8 lea si,buffrr lea di,buffer xxx3: mov al,[di] ;lay byte data cmp al,3ah ;so sanh voi ma dau ':' jz xxx2 ;nhay neu la dau ':' inc di jmp xxx3 ;quay lai de tim dau ':' xxx2: cmp jnz xxx6: pop pop pop pop pop ret call ktra_end ;goi chuong trinh kiem tra ket thuc ax,0 ;dung la het data thi lam cho AX=0000 xxx4 pop si di dx cx bx ax
xxx4: mov al,[di] ;lay byte data mov [si],al ;dung la byte 3Ah can luu vao GVHD: Nguyen nh Phu Nguyen Trung Dung
SVTH:
Trng H SPKT Luan van tot nghiep call goi_ht inc di inc si ;xu li so byte can goi mov al,[di] ;lay so can goi MSD sub al,30h ;tru di 30 de thanh so hex call so_lon ;kiem tra so ABCDEF mov cl,4 rol al,cl mov ah,al inc di mov al,[di] ;lay so can go LSD sub al,30h ;tru di 30 de thanh so hex call so_lon ;kiem tra so ABCDEF or al,ah ;or 2 data lai thanh 1 byte mov [si],al ;cat so HEX ADDR_H add al,1 mov dl,al ;luu so byte can xu li con lai call goi_ht ;xu li phan dia chi can goi inc di inc si mov al,[di] ;lay byte ADDR_L-MSD sub al,30h ;tru di 30 de thanh so hex call so_lon ;kiem tra so ABCDEF mov cl,4 rol al,cl mov ah,al inc di mov al,[di] sub al,30h call so_lon or al,ah ;or mov [si],al call goi_ht ;lay byte ADDR_L-LSD ;tru di 30 de thanh so hex ;kiem tra so ABCDEF 2 data lai thanh 1 byte ;cat so HEX ADDR_H
inc di inc si mov al,[di] ;lay byte ADDR_H-MSD sub al,30h ;tru di 30 de thanh so hex call so_lon ;kiem tra so ABCDEF mov cl,4 rol al,cl GVHD: Nguyen nh Phu Nguyen Trung Dung
SVTH:
Trng H SPKT Luan van tot nghiep mov ah,al inc di mov al,[di] sub al,30h call so_lon or al,ah ;or mov [si],al call goi_ht ;lay byte ADDR_H-LSD ;tru di 30 de thanh so hex ;kiem tra so ABCDEF 2 data lai thanh 1 byte ;cat so byte can goi dang HEX
;xu li cac byte con lai inc di ;bo byte 00 inc di ; xxx1: inc di inc si mov al,[di] sub al,30h call so_lon
;lay so byte thu nhat ;tru di 30 de thanh so hex ;kiem tra so ABCDEF
mov cl,4 rol al,cl mov ah,al inc di mov al,[di] ;lay so byte thu 2 sub al,30h ;tru di 30 de thanh so hex call so_lon ;kiem tra so ABCDEF or al,ah ;or 2 data lai thanh 1 byte mov [si],al ;cat so byte can goi dang HEX call goi_ht dec dl cmp dl,0 jnz xxx1 ;quay lai vi chua inc inc inc jmp con_hex di di di xxx3 ;het endp ;bo byte cuoi thu nhat ;bo byte thu 2 ;bo ma xuong hang 1 hang data
;chuong trinh kiem tra ket thuc ktra_end proc near GVHD: Nguyen nh Phu Nguyen Trung Dung
SVTH:
Trng H SPKT Luan van tot nghiep push di inc di mov al,[di] cmp al,30h jnz kt_exit inc mov cmp jnz inc mov cmp jnz inc mov cmp jnz inc mov cmp jnz inc mov cmp jnz inc mov cmp jnz inc mov cmp jnz di al,[di] al,30h kt_exit di al,[di] al,30h kt_exit di al,[di] al,30h kt_exit di al,[di] al,30h kt_exit di al,[di] al,30h kt_exit di al,[di] al,30h kt_exit di al,[di] al,31h kt_exit
;lay byte data ;kiem tra byte 0 thu nhat ;nhay den de thoat vi khong phai ;neu dung thi kiem tra byte 0 thu 2 ;lay byte data ;nhay den de thoat vi khong phai ;neu dung thi kiem tra byte 0 thu 3 ;lay byte data ;nhay den de thoat vi khong phai ;neu dung thi kiem tra byte 0 thu 4 ;lay byte data ;nhay den de thoat vi khong phai ;neu dung thi kiem tra byte 0 thu 5 ;lay byte data ;nhay den de thoat vi khong phai ;neu dung thi kiem tra byte 0 thu 6 ;lay byte data ;nhay den de thoat vi khong phai ;neu dung thi kiem tra byte 0 thu 7 ;lay byte data 3nhay den de thoat vi khong phai ;neu dung thi kiem tra byte 1 thu 8 ;lay byte data ;nhay den de thoat vi khong phai
inc di ;neu dung thi kiem tra byte F thu 9 mov al,[di] ;lay byte data GVHD: Nguyen nh Phu SVTH: Nguyen Trung Dung
Trng H SPKT Luan van tot nghiep cmp al,46h jnz kt_exit inc mov cmp jnz mov pop ret kt_exit: mov pop ret di al,[di] al,46h kt_exit ax,0 di ax,1111h di ;nap data sao cho khac khong la 1
;nhay den de thoat vi khong phai ;neu dung thi kiem tra byte F thu 10 ;lay byte data ;nhay den de thoat vi khong phai
ktra_end endp goi_ht proc near RET push di mov di,bx mov ah,1 stosw mov bx,di pop di ret goi_ht endp so_lon proc near cmp al,9 jg yyy ret yyy: sub al,7 ret so_lon endp code ends end start
SVTH:
MUC LUC
Tra Li cam ta Li noi au ng
CHNG C S LY LUAN Chng I: CAU TRUC VI X LY 8085 I. Cau Truc Ben Trong Cua Vi X Ly 8085.............II. S o Cau Truc Ben Ngoai Va Ch Nang Cac Chan Cua Vi X Ly 8085.......................................................... III. Bo Nh .................................................................... IV. Ket Noi Bo Nh Vi Vi X Ly........................... V. Van e Giai Ma Cho Bo Nh............................. Chng II: GII THIEU TAP LENH CUA VI X LY 8085 Chng III: GIAO TIEP VI MAY TNH I. Giao Tiep Song Song 1. Giao Tiep Qua Cong May In.................................. 2. Giao Tiep Qua Cong Slot Card................................ II. Giao Tiep Noi Tiep Qua Cong COM RS232 1. Vai Net C Ban Ve Cong noi Tiep ................. 2. S Trao oi Cua Cac ng Tn Hieu............... Chng IV: GII THIEU HE THONG KIT 8085 1. Tan So Lam Tan So Lam Viec........................ 2. To Chc Bo Nh ................................................. 3. Cac IC Ngoai Vi........................................................ 4. Khoi Giai Ma Hien Th S Dung IC 8279 ......... 5. Khoi Giai Ma Ban Phm........................................ Chng V: Giao Tiep Noi Tiep Dung Vi Mach 8251 I. Truyen Thong Tin Noi Tiep..................................... II. Vi Mach Usart 8251...................................................... 1. S o Chan Va S o Khoi................................ 2. Cac Thanh Ghi.......................................................... III. ng Dung Cua 8251 e Truyen Thong Tin Noi Tiep 1. Truyen Thong Tin Noi Tiep Gia Hai Kit Vi X Ly 2. Truyen Thong Tin Noi Tiep Gia Vi X Ly Va May Tnh Chng VI: Giao Tiep Song Song Dung Vi Mach 8255 I. Gii Thieu Ve Vi Mach 8255.................................... II. S o Chan, S o Logic, Chc Nang Cac Chan Cua Vi Mach 8255....................................................................... III. Cau Truc Ben Trong va Hoat ong Cua Vi Mach 8255 1. S o Khoi, Cau Truc Ben Trong Cua Vi Mach 8255 GVHD: Nguyen nh Phu Nguyen Trung Dung SVTH:
Trng H SPKT Luan van tot nghiep 2.Hoat ong Cua Vi Mach 8255................................ 3. T ieu Khien....................................................... IV. Giao Tiep Gia Vi X Ly Vi 8255...................... 1. Giao Tiep Kieu I/O................................................... 2. Giao Tiep Kieu Bo Nh........................................ Chng VII. Phan Cng Va Phan Mem Giao Tiep I. Lu o Va Chng Trnh Truyen- Nhan D Lieu 1. Lu o Truyen D Lieu....................................... 2. Lu o Nhan D Lieu.......................................... 3. Chng Trnh Truyen D Lieu............................... 4. Lu o Nhan D Lieu.......................................... II. Thiet Ke Va Thi Cong Phan Giao Tiep 1. Gii Thieu Ve Vi Mach Max 232........................... 2. S o Mach Ket Noi............................................. 3. S o Mach In..........................................................
SVTH: