Sach HDSD Civil 3d - 2010 t9

HNG DN S DNG AUTOCAD CIVIL 3D 2009 2011
CNG TY TNHH CNG NGH HI HA

HARMONY TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD
TC GI: PHM CNG THNH
MC LC
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LI NI U LM MI..................................................................................7 CHNG 1. GII TNG QUAN AUTOCAD CIVIL 3D..................................................8 AUTOCAD CIVIL 3D.......................................................................................8
THIU CHUNG V
NG DNG.......................................................................................................................10 GII THIU GIAO DIN LM VIC......................................................................................11 MT S THAO TC C BN KHI LM VIC VI AUTOCAD CIVIL 3D 2009........................11 D LIU CA AUTOCAD CIVIL 3D 2009......................................................................................13 Mt s nh dng file d liu dng trong Autocad Civil 3D.........................................13 THIT LP BAN U MT BN V....................................................................................14 CHNG 2. BI TON V D TRONG THIT K NG.....................................15 LI NI U.....................................................................................................................15 M BN V MU...............................................................................................................15 NHP IM ......................................................................................................................17 TO MT THIT K...........................................................................................................18 THIT K TUYN...............................................................................................................22 THIT K TRC DC.........................................................................................................25 Xut trc dc t nhin.............................................................................................25 Thit k trc dc.......................................................................................................26 MT BNG TUYN CORRIDOR........................................................................................30 Thit k Assembly.....................................................................................................30 To m hnh tuyn....................................................................................................34 To cc mt sau thit k...........................................................................................37 Kim tra s b khi lng.........................................................................................39 NG NG PIPE..........................................................................................................39 XUT MT CT NGANG.....................................................................................................41 Xut mt ct ngang..................................................................................................41 Xut bng khi lng theo mt ct...........................................................................44 CHNG 3: SURVEY CC VN LIN QUAN N KHO ST.........................48 TNG QUAN V MENU SURVEY......................................................................................................48 THIT LP D LIU...........................................................................................................49 To mi d n...........................................................................................................49 Thit lp thng s ca my o v cc d liu hnh hc..............................................50 NHP D LIU..................................................................................................................52 Nhp d liu t Field Book File..................................................................................53 Nhp d liu t th Toolspace Survey.......................................................................57
Ch , ti li d liu khi cn thit...........................................................................................54 To im gc Control Points................................................................................................57 To hng gc Directions:...................................................................................................57 To cc d liu ti mt trm my..........................................................................................58 Thng s ca my o.............................................................................................................50 c tnh d liu hnh hc........................................................................................................51
What's New...............................................................................................................................8 Source Code Samples...............................................................................................................8 Programming Tools and Setup.................................................................................................8 Documentation.........................................................................................................................9 Support.....................................................................................................................................9 Training...................................................................................................................................10
Creating Survey Data Using the Traverse Editor........................................................60 To d liu kho st qua cng c Survey Command Window....................................60 CALCULATING AN AZIMUTH IN THE ASTRONOMIC DIRECTION CALCULATOR...................................................60 PHN TCH D LIU BNH SAI.....................................................................................................61
Ph (c th khng cn thit) Hiu chnh cc im o trong mt trm my..........................62
T MI:...............................................................................................................................63 ANALYZING AND REDUCING SURVEY DATA........................................................................................66 Querying Survey Data...............................................................................................66 Performing Traverse Analysis....................................................................................68 NGN NG LNH TT DNG TRONG FILE *.FBK..................................................................................70 Point Creation Commands.........................................................................................70
HNG DN S DNG AUTOCAD CIVIL 3D 2009-2011 Phm Cng Thinh pcthinh@gmail.com
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Point Location Commands.........................................................................................72 Point Editing Commands...........................................................................................73 Figure Commands.....................................................................................................73 Intersection Commands............................................................................................75 Equipment Correction Commands.............................................................................76 Baseline Commands..................................................................................................77 Centerline Commands...............................................................................................77 AutoCAD Related Commands....................................................................................78 Miscellaneous Commands.........................................................................................78 GII THCH MT S FILE C XUT SAU KHI BNH SAI..........................................................................79 File: fv1.trv...............................................................................................................79 1.lso..........................................................................................................................79 Ba1.trv......................................................................................................................80 CHNG 4: POINT........................................................................................82 TM HIU I TNG POINT.........................................................................................................82 NHP IM VO BN V - POINT...................................................................................................82 Cc bi ton c th thng dng:.............................................................................84
Nhp file ta im:............................................................................................................84 To im o trc tip trn bn v..........................................................................................85 To im o t ng polyline...............................................................................................85 To im t Point ca AutoCAD .............................................................................................85 Nhn cao im theo b mt (Elevationa from Surface)....................................................86 Thay i mt lng cao nhm im..................................................................................86
TO NHM IM......................................................................................................................86 XUT IM RA FILE TA .........................................................................................................88 Transfer point: Chuyn i nh dng file d liu im..............................................88 DESCRIPTION KEYS....................................................................................................................89 Tm hiu Description keys.........................................................................................89 To mt b lc m m t im - Description Key Set:...............................................90
Cc m lc im.....................................................................................................................91 S dngb lc m va to to nhm im:......................................................................92
HIU
CHNH
POINT STYLES
POINT LABLE
STYLES............................................................................93
CHNG 5: SURFACE - B MT......................................................................96 CC KIU B MT V D LIU.......................................................................................................96 TO B MT A HNH CREATE SURFACE.......................................................................................97 Khi to b mt........................................................................................................97 Xy dng b mt Grid t DEM File...........................................................................101 CC DNG HIN TH C TRNG CA B MT - SURFACE STYLES...........................................................101
Surface Styles ......................................................................................................................101 Label Styles..........................................................................................................................102 Table Styles..........................................................................................................................102
PHN TCH HIU CHNH M HNH A HNH (XEM LI HIU SAI I TNG)............................................102 H a hnh.............................................................................................................102 Hng dng chy-Water Drop.................................................................................103 Hiu chnh b mt Edit Surface.............................................................................103 iu c v cha c:........................................................................................103 Cc vn cn gii quyt.......................................................................................105 Qu trnh to Alignments........................................................................................105 To Alignment bng Alignment Layout Tools...........................................................106 To Alignment bng ng Polyline........................................................................109 To Alignment bng cch Import XML file................................................................109 Hiu chnh li tuyn................................................................................................110 Xem xt cc thit lp ca Alignment Hiu chnh Settings ca Alignment..............110
Edit Operation TIN Surface- Grid Surface- ngha..............................................................103
CHNG 6: ALIGNMENT..............................................................................105
To on cong trn cng vi phn chuyn tip t mt on Alignment thng - To add a floating curve with a spiral (from entity, radius, length) off a line......................................108
ng dng thay i Settings hiu chnh hin th ca cc Label trn Alignment..............111
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THIT K K THUT TUYN.............................................................................................113 Li ni u..............................................................................................................113 Thit k siu cao.....................................................................................................113 Thit k m rng bng trong ng cong................................................................122 Mt vi ch ..........................................................................................................123
V d tnh siu cao quanh mp gii phn cch gia cho ng 4 ln:................................120
Thay i cc v tr quay siu cao..........................................................................................123 Gi nguyn l khi quay siu cao..........................................................................................124 M rng bng theo tiu chun Vit Nam.............................................................................124
CHNG 7: PROFILE TRC DC.................................................................126 Ty bin hin th trc dc........................................................................................126 V d hiu chnh mt trc dc..................................................................................127
Hiu Hiu Hiu Hiu chnh chnh chnh chnh
li......................................................................................................................128 li trc dc t nhin...........................................................................................134 ng :...........................................................................................................134 cc thanh d liu trc dc..................................................................................135
CHNG 8: ASSEMBLIES & SUBASSEMBLY....................................................141 CU TO MT SUBASSEMBLY.....................................................................................................142 TO MT ASSEMBLY...............................................................................................................143 To mt Assembly t cc Subassembly sn c trong Tool Palettes..........................143 To mt Subassembly t ng Polyline.................................................................144
Cc tc v vi mt Subassembly c to bi mt ng Polyline:...................................145 Chn Subassembly va to vo trc ngang........................................................................147
CHNG 9: CORRIDOR - M HNH MT BNG TUYN.....................................149 CHI TIT C TRNG MT CORRIDOR............................................................................................149 View/ Edit Corridor Section......................................................................................150 Viewing and Editing the Divided Highway Corridor..................................................150 Creating Corridor Surface........................................................................................155 Rendering Corridors................................................................................................157 CHNG 10: PIPE NETWORK H THNG NG NG..................................158 CC I TNG CHNH TRONG MT PIPE NETWORK...........................................................................158 TM HIU CC MU SN TRONG PART CATALOG................................................................................159 Cc mu Pipe..........................................................................................................159 Cc mu Structure..................................................................................................160 TO MI MT PARTS LITS:........................................................................................................160 Cc thng s kch thc ca Pipe............................................................................162 Cc thng s kch thc ca Structure....................................................................163
Gii thch ngha:................................................................................................................162 Gii thch ngha..................................................................................................................163
Ch :.....................................................................................................................164 THIT K MNG NG NG PIPE NETWORK.................................................................................165 Part Rules...............................................................................................................165 Cc bc thit k Pipe network:..............................................................................165
To Surface v Alignment....................................................................................................165 To cc kiu hin th cho Pipe, Structure trong mt bng, trc dc v trc ngang............165 To Part List v cc mu ring t Part Builder nu cn thit, to Part Rules......................165 To Pipe Network trn mt bng.........................................................................................165 Kim tra phm vi nh hng giao ct (Checking for Intereferences)..................................165 Thit k hnh chiu ng ca Pipe Network.........................................................................166 p Part Rules cho cc b phn ca mng............................................................................166 To nhn, bng thng k cc b phn.................................................................................166 a Pipe Network ra cc trc ngang khi bm theo Alignment............................................166
V d thit k Pipe Network trn mt bng..............................................................166 Thm i tng vo mng......................................................................................166 TM HIU PART BUILDER..........................................................................................................166 Tng quan v Part Builder.......................................................................................166 Placement Points....................................................................................................166
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CHNG 11: CROSS SECTIONS & VOLUNMES MT CT NGANG V KHI LNG .................................................................................................................168 HIU CHNH BNG TRC NGANG TRONG CIVIL 3D.............................................................................168 Section View Properties:..........................................................................................168 CREATING SAMPLE LINES..........................................................................................................169 Kim tra li style: Finished Grade ca Corridor-6a...................................................170 SECTION VIEW PROPERTIES.......................................................................................................171 TNH TON CC LOI KHI LNG................................................................................172 Reviewing Quantity Takeoff Settings.......................................................................173 Calculating Quantity Takeoff Volumes.....................................................................174 CHNG 12: NG DNG TRONG THIT K NT GIAO - (CNG MC CH T)......180 STEP 1: THIT K M PHNG NT GIAO BNG CC NG POLYLINES.....................................................180 SEP 2: TO CC NG ALIGNMENTS C TRNG T CC NG POLYLINES............................................181 STEP 3: THIT K NG CA TRC NG CHNH.......................................................................182 STEP 4: THIT K NG CA TRC NG NHNH......................................................................182 Thit k mt ct ngang v to m hnh b mt cho ung chnh.............................182 Thit k ng cho ng nhnh.......................................................................185 STEP 5: THIT K NG CHO CC NG GII HN NGOI CA NT GIAO...........................................187 Xy dng m hnh mt bng ph cho ng nhnh................................................187 Thit k ng cho ng gii hn ngoi ca nt giao.......................................190 STEP 6: LY CAO CHO NG BELLMOUTH................................................................................191 STEP 7: XY DNG CC MT CT TIU BIU CHO NT GIAO..................................................................192 STEP 8: TO CORRIDOR TI NT GIAO..........................................................................................195 STEP 9: HON THNH M HNH NT GIAO......................................................................................205 CHNG 13: GRADING THIT K M HNH SAN LP & TNH TON KHI LNG SAN LP....................................................................................................211 HIU MT S VN KHI LM VIC..............................................................................................211 Cc hp thoi:.........................................................................................................211
Create Feature lines.............................................................................................................211 Assign Elevations..................................................................................................................212 Weeding Factors...................................................................................................................212 Site Properties:.....................................................................................................................213 Thanh cng c Grading Creation Tools................................................................................214
TO NG FEATURE LINE........................................................................................................215 To Feature line......................................................................................................215

Vch ng Feature line......................................................................................................216
CHNG 14: PARCEL QUY HOCH CHIA L.................................................218 NHNG

CH TRONG THIT K
PARCEL.........................................................................................218
CHNG 15: MAP IN AUTOCAD CIVIL 3D.......................................................220 CHNG 16: SHARING THE MODEL...............................................................222 PH LC 1: MT S RC RI V LI V CNH BO........................................223 MT VI LI CNH BO TRONG HP THOI PANORAMA:.......................................................................223 Warning..................................................................................................................223 Imformation............................................................................................................223 DRAWING RECOVERY...............................................................................................................223 PH LC 2: CC HP THOI V NG DNG...................................................226 LABEL STYLE COMPOSER..........................................................................................................226 Th Information:.....................................................................................................226 Th General:...........................................................................................................226 PROFILE VIEW PROPERTIES.........................................................................................................227 Bands.....................................................................................................................227 Band Type ..............................................................................................................227 Select Band Style ...................................................................................................227
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Add >> ................................................................................................................................227 List of Bands.........................................................................................................................228 Location ...............................................................................................................................228
PH LC 3: T CHUYN NGNH...................................................................236 PHC PHC

V
SURVEY
MENU...........................................................................................................236
V THIT K NG TRONG
CIVIL 3D...................................................................................239
NHNG VN CN TM HIU THM............................................................243
...................................................................................................................................................
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CHNG 2. BI TON V D TRONG THIT K NG
LI NI U Lm mi
Mi ng gp xin lin h: PHM CNG THNH Cty TNHH Cng ngh Hi Ha Mobile: 0912944028 Email: pcthinh@gmail.com & thinh_pc@harmonytech.com.vn
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CHNG 1. TNG QUAN AUTOCAD CIVIL 3D

Gii thiu chung v AutoCAD Civil 3D
AutoCAD Civil 3D is a powerful civil engineering tool incorporating a dynamic engineering model that allows elements to be automatically updated in response to changes in your design. Using AutoCAD Civil 3D as a platform, you can take advantage of industry-standard development tools and technologies when building applications. Learn more about the latest AutoCAD Civil 3D features at the AutoCAD Civil 3D product center. What's New AutoCAD Civil 3D API now facilitates access to the speed-based design features for alignments and profiles. You can specify whether an alignment or profile uses a design criteria file. Complex curves in alignment geometric entities are now accessible via the API. New objects and methods have also been added to the Alignment and Profile APIs. There is a new API in Pipes which provides access to the original model network part from the AeccGraphProfileNetworkPart object. Several Label objects have been added to the API in this release, making it possible to create and access labels programmatically. These improvements have greatly extended the functionality and flexibility of the AutoCAD Civil 3D API. Source Code Samples Since AutoCAD Civil 3D is based upon AutoCAD, you can take advantage of all the AutoCAD source code samples for ActiveX (COM Automation), VB/VBA, Visual Lisp, and .NET that are included with the installation of AutoCAD Civil 3D software in the Samples directory. The Civil 3D API subdirectory contains samples in VB, VBA, C++, C# and VB.NET. Programming Tools and Setup Because AutoCAD Civil 3D software is based on AutoCAD software, it also includes VBA, the most popular programming environment in the world, and Visual LISP. Using the ActiveX (COM Automation) interface in AutoCAD Civil 3D software, you can build applications with a variety of programming technologies and environments including MSVC++, VB, Delphi, and Java.
HNG DN S DNG AUTOCAD CIVIL 3D 2009-2011 Phm Cng Thinh pcthinh@gmail.com Page 8

A separate, lightweight C++ API is provided for overriding the graphical display of AutoCAD Civil 3D objects so that developers can customize the drawing and display of these objects. AutoCAD Civil 3D provides .NET Interop assemblies that expose the ActiveX interfaces so that they can be programmed using .NET technologies, such as VB.NET, managed C++, and C#. .NET assemblies are also available for creating custom subassemblies. Although AutoCAD Civil 3D does not expose an ObjectARX API, applications built with the AutoCAD ObjectARX SDK or the AutoCAD Map ObjectARX SDK will run within AutoCAD Civil 3D. Documentation Extensive application development documentation for the ActiveX (COM Automation) API is built into the AutoCAD Civil 3D Help system. The Help system also contains information on C++ and .NET application development. The following resource will help you get started with programming Civil 3D. It assumes familiarity with AutoCAD Civil 3D and general programming concepts.
DevTV: Introduction to Civil 3D Programming NEW ! A self-paced video tutorial demonstrating how to get started developing with Civil 3D. View online | Download
Support Public discussion groups provide an open forum for sharing knowledge and receiving support. Join the AutoCAD Civil 3D General Discussion Group or the AutoCAD Civil 3D Customization Discussion Group. Because AutoCAD Civil 3D software is based on AutoCAD software, you might also find useful software development information in the following AutoCAD Development Discussion Groups:
Visual LISP, AutoLISP, and General Customization Issues? VB/VBA/ActiveX CustomizationVB/VBA/ActiveX Customization ObjectARX Customization
If you would like personalized API support and consulting at your facility, send us an e-mail. If you need more professional support, consider joining the Autodesk Developer Network.
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Training Check to see if there are any AutoCAD Civil 3D instructor-led training classes currently scheduled. To register for a scheduled instructor-led training class or to request that a new class be scheduled, send us an e-mail. We also offer webcast sessions on the API. These sessions, which usually last about 3 hours, are led by our API experts who deliver the classroom-based training classes. If you would like personalized API training at your facility, send us an e-mail.
NG DNG
AutoCAD Civil 3D c ng dng rt rng tu vo ngi s dng n, c bit c s dng ph bin cho thit k quy hoch, cc cng trnh dng tuyn nh: Thit k ng ngoi th ng cao tc ng th Thit k nt giao thng Thit k nng cp Thit k knh, , p Thit k h thng ng dn
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GII THIU GIAO DIN LM VIC
3 1 4
5 2
Giao din ca Autodesk Civil 3D cng rt trc quan, c nn ca AutoCad v cc thanh cng c h tr gip ngi dng thao tc cc tc v mt cch nhanh chng nht. Cc thnh phn c bn trong giao din s dng Autodesk Civil 3D l: 1. Toolspace: Dng qun l cc i tng, bao gm 2 th: Prospector qun l tp hp cc i tng v Settings qun l v hiu chnh thuc tnh ca i tng. 2. Item view: Hin th danh sch vi ni dung ca cc i tng khi c la chn trong Toolspace. 3. Standardized menus: Bao gm cc menu cha cc nhm lnh y cho tng cng vic c th. AutoCAD Civil 3D 2009 bao gm thm mt s menu trong Land Desktop c. 4. Layout-tools 5. Panorama: Thanh cng c hiu chnh tng hp cc i tng c c tnh Edit *** Geometry
MT S THAO TC C BN KHI LM VIC VI AUTOCAD CIVIL 3D 2009

C vi thao tc c bn s s dng nhiu trong qua trnh lm vic vi AutoCAD Civil 3D nh sau:
HNG DN S DNG AUTOCAD CIVIL 3D 2009-2011 Phm Cng Thinh pcthinh@gmail.com Page 11

- Khi ci t, ngi dng la chn a ch lu th mc Civil 3D Project, th mc ny s lu cc d n trong qu trnh lm vic, ta s thy ng dng ca n trong cc chng sau. - xem hay tm mt i tng, kch chut phi vo i tng trong thanh cng c qun l (Toolspace, Panorama, Item view ) - chn Zoom to - Hiu chnh cc thit t ca i tng (cch thc th hin ca i tng: mu sc, v tr, kch thc ) ta s dng th Settings trn thanh Toolspace - Hiu chnh i tng vi thanh cng c Panorama: chn biu tng thanh cng c Layout tools. trong
- Chn mt nhm i tng (thuc nhn)(*): kch chut tri vo mt nhn, cc nhn cng nhm s cng c la chn. - Chn mt ring l nhn thuc nhm: Bm Ctrl + kch chut tri vo cc nhn cn chn, cc nhn khc trong nhm s khng c chn. (iu ny ch c trong Civil 2009). nhn (label) v d nh tn ca mt mt ct hoc tn cc trong mt bng tuyn, tc l trong Alignment (Civil 3D). - Trong cc giai on chuyn su nh tnh ton khi lng o p, lu lng dng chy nn kt hp vi Excel c mt k qu tt hn v nhanh hn, trong cc bng tnh trong civil 3D nh hnh di, kch chut phi vo bng chn Copy to Clipboard.
(*)
- Khi lm quen vi Civil 3D hay Autodesk Land Desktop, sau tng giai on thit k nn xut sang nh dng LandXML qun l v c th lm d liu song song
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cho cc phn mm khc. Hu ht cc phn mm thit k xy dng khc hin nay c th c v xut kt qu ra cc file nh dng LandXM. - Trong AutoCAD Civil 3D cc nhn ca i tng (v d nh tn cc ti v tr tip u) c k hiu thng thng vit tt bi thut ng ting Anh, c th thay i ta lm nh sau: trn thanh Toolspace\ th Settings\ Kch chut phi vo tn bn v chn Edit Drawing Setting, trong hp thoi Drawing Setting chn th Abbreviations. - Cc li trong qua trnh thao tc (Error Codes): Xem t trang 100 file Civil_ug trong th mc Help sau khi ci t chng trnh.
D liu ca AutoCAD Civil 3D 2009.

D liu u vo ca AutoCAD Civil 3D c th l cc dng sau: - Tp cao trnh. - Tp d liu kho st (*.fbk), d liu kho st nhp tay dng s o. - Cc dng s ha. - Cc i tng 3D ca AutoCAD: text, block, polyline. - D liu xut ra t Land Desktop.
Mt s nh dng file d liu dng trong Autocad Civil 3D.

DEM, DGN, DWFTM, E00, LandXML, SDTS v SHP
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THIT LP BAN U MT BN V
AutoCAD Civil 3D s dng 2 h o lng l h o lng Anh (feet) v h o lng mt (m). Khi lm vic cn thng nhp chung mt h o lng cho cc gi tr, nh cao , khong cch, n v o Khuyn co, sau khi la chn h o lng, nn s dng cc bn v mu (template) c sn trong th mc Template ca chng trnh s dng. thay i li h o lng ta lm vic vi hp thoi Drawing Settings: Trong th Settings trn thanh Toolspace, kch chut phi vo tn bn v v chn Edit Drawing Settings Trong hp thoi Drawing Settings, thay i h n v s dng trong th Units-Zone v th Ambient Settings.
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CHNG 2. BI TON V D TRONG THIT K NG LI NI U

V d ny s tin hnh lm th mt bi n gin trong Civil 3D lin quan n bi ton thit k ng, trong qu trnh lm ta s dn hiu thm cc khi nim c bn v i tng ca Civil 3D tng ng vi cng vic thc t nh th no. Bi ton s i qua cc phn chnh sau: M mt bn v mu mu (Drawing Templete). Nhp im (Point). To b mt (Surface), nhp d liu vo b mt, thay i mt s dng hin th ca b mt (Surface Style) Vch tuyn (Alignment) Thit k trc dc (Profile) Mt bng tuyn (Corridor) Thit k ng ng (Pipe) Xut trc ngang (Section) v khi lng.
Cc bc lm khng i vo chi tit m ch yu l theo cc bc. Trong qu trnh lm, c th kt qu ca cc bn s khc vi kt qu th hin trong bi, tuy nhin iu ny khng quan trng, quan trng l ta nm c bn c cc bc lm, hiu s qua cc i tng ca phn mm tng ng vi cng vic no ngoi thc t, sau xem thm trong cc chng sau hon thin kh nng ng dng.
M BN V MU
Khi ng chng trnh AutoCAD Civil 3D. M mt bn v mu, chn kiu file l Drawing Templete (*.dwt) v tm n file mu c to sn lu trong th mc Chuong 2 ca a hng dn _AutoCAD Civil 3D (Metric) TCVN nh di hnh 2.1: Save As bn v sang mt th mc khc, trong v d ny ly tn bn v l: Chuong 2 ban ve 1:
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Hnh 2.1: M bn v mu.
Kim tra n v v t l ca bn v: Trong th Settings ca thanh Toolspace, kch chut phi vo tn bn v, chn Edit Drawing Settings Trong hp thoi Drawing Settings, khi xem xt cc th s thy n v s dng l h mt v t l bn v y l 1:1000
Hnh 2.2: Kim tra n v v t l bn v.
Chn OK kt thc hp thoi.
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NHP IM
- Trn thanh Toolspace chn th Prospector - Kch chut phi vo Points, chn Create, xut hin thanh cng c Create Points:
Hnh 2.3: Create Points.
M rng thng s Default Layer v chuyn t lp 0 v lp V-NODE. - Chn Import Points, xut hin hp thoi Import Points nh sau :
Hnh 2.4: Import Point.
Kch OK kt thc thao tc nhp im
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Zoom All nu khng thy im xut hin. Kt qu ta c nh sau:
Hnh 2.5: Bn v sau khi c nhp im.
TO MT THIT K
Trong thanh Toolspace chn th Prospector tab: Kch chut phi vo i tng Surface chn Create Surface:
Hnh 2.6: To mt.
Chn kiu mt l TIN surface v t tn l EG. Kch OK kt thc hp thoi trn.

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M rng cy i tng Surface s thy mt EG va to, m rng tip mt EG, chn Definition, kch phi chut vo Point Group, chn Add, xut hin hp thoi sau:
Hnh 2.7: Nhp nhm im vo bn v.
Chn _All Point, kch OK kt thc cng vic.
Hnh 2.8: B mt EG.
Hnh 2.8 cho ta thy b mt EG sau khi nhn ton b im trong bn v lm d liu. Kiu hin th cho b mt (surface style) dng cc ng ng mc (Contours 2m and 10m (Background)) c nhn nh trong hnh 2.6. Kiu hin th ny ta c th t
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to mi v hiu chnh chng, ta c th xem qua mt vi kiu nh sn trong bn v mu nh sau: Trong nhn Prospector trn thanh Toolspace, kch vo Surface. phn Item view (xem hnh 1.1 chng 1) s thy ton b danh sch cc mt c to ra, kch vo tn ca Surface Style ang hin hnh nh hnh di y:
Hnh 2.9: Thay i Surface Style.
Lc ny sut hin hp thoi Select Surface Style:
Hnh 2.10: Cc mu Surface Style sn trong Drawing Templete.
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Kch vo biu tng , trn thanh tri xung ta c cc dng hin th b mt c nh ngha sn, tt c cc kiu ny c qun l chnh trong th Setting ca thanh cng c Toolspace:
Hnh 2.11: Xem Surface Styles trong th Settings trn thanh Toolspace.
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THIT K TUYN
Trong Alignments menu, chn Create Aligment by layout, xut hin hp thoi sau:
Hnh 2.12: Create Alignment by Layout.
Chn cc thit lp trong th General nh trn hnh, khng quan tm n th Design Criteria vi. Kch Ok tip tc. Trn thanh Alignment Layout Tools, kch vo mi tn nh trong hnh di y:
Hnh 2.13: Alignment Layout Tools.
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Hnh 2.14: Cc la chn thit k s b Alignment.
Trn danh sch tri xung chn Curve and Spiral Setting v la chn cc thng s nh trong hnh v, kch OK tip tc:
Hnh 2.15: Curve and Spiral Setting.
Lp li thao tc trn thanh Alignment Layout Tools v chn phn TangentTangent (With curves) trong hnh 2.14 vch tuyn ng thi t ng b tr ng cong lun. Vic thit lp cc thng s trong ng cong nm c th hn nh th no ta s xem trong Chng 6. Ta vch s b mt tuyn gm hai cnh tuyn bng cch kch ln m hnh a hnh 3 nh ca tuyn. Kt qu s ging nh trong hnh di y:
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Hnh 2.16: Vch tuyn.
Trn thanh cng c Alignment Layout Tools, chn vo biu tng Alignment Grid View, trong hp thoi hin ra ta s xem xt c ton b cc thng s hnh hc v tuyn va vch, ta c th hiu chnh cc thng s c hin sng:
Hnh 2.17: cc thng s hnh hc ca Alignment.
Ch : nu ta l tt thanh cng c Alignment Layout Tools, ta c th ly li bng cch kch chut phi vo Alignment v chn Edit Alignment Geometry hoc la chn chc nng ny trn Alignments menu.
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THIT K TRC DC
Xut trc dc t nhin
Trong Profiles menu, chn Create Profile from Surface, xut hin hp thoi:
Hnh 2.18: Create Profile from Surface.
Trong hp thoi Create Profile from Surface, la chn Alignment l Tuyn AB va thit k, Surface l b mt EG. Kch vo nt Add>>, sau kch vo nt Draw in profile view, ta c:
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Hnh 2.19: Create Profile View.
Trong hp thoi Create Profile View, th General, chn cc thng s nh trn hnh, kch nt Create Profile View v chn mt im ngoi bn v chn bng trc dc, kt qu c nh sau:
Hnh 2.20: Trc dc t nhin.
Thit k trc dc
Thit k trc dc hay thit k ng ca tuyn. Trong Profiles menu, chn Create Profile by Layout Trong hp thoi cu lnh Command xut hin dng nhc: Select Profile view to create profile, kch chut vo khung trc dc (khng kch vo ng trc dc t nhin), xut hin hp thoi:
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Hnh 2.21: Create Profile Draw New
Trong hp thoi Create Profile-Draw New, t tn cho ng thit k v la chn cc thit lp trong th General nh trn hnh, khng quan tm n cc thng s trong th Design Criteria. Kch OK tip tc, s xut hin hp thoi:
Hnh 2.22: Profile Layout Tools ng 01.
Ta nhn thy thanh cng c Profile Layout Tools y gn tng t vi thanh cng c Alignment Layout Tools. Tng t ta cng kch vo mi tn trong biu tng thit lp cc thng s cho ng cong ng: v chn Curve Setting
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Hnh 2.23: Vertical Curve Settings.
OK kt thc hp thoi, trn thanh cng c Profile Layout Tools, chn Draw Tangents With Curves v thit k s trc dc gm hai cnh nh sau:
Hnh 2.24: ng .
Zoom ln ta c th xem thng s ng cong ng lm qua nhn ca Profile (TCVN Profile label set).
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Hnh 2.25: Thng s ng cong ng.
Ta s thm mt s thng tin y cho bng trc dc nh sau: Kch phi chut vo bng trc dc v chn Profile View Properties,
Hnh 2.26: D liu bng trc dc.
Trong hp thoi Profile View Properties, chn th Bands, chn Import band set v chn TCVN Profile View Band Set. Kch Ok n khi thot ht hp thoi. Kt qu bng trc dc s c nh hnh di y:
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Hnh 2.27: Kt qu thit k trc dc.
MT BNG TUYN CORRIDOR

Thit k Assembly
Mt Assembly c th coi nh mt mu mt ct ngang, mt bng ca mt tuyn c th gm nhiu Assembly khc nhau. Sau ny khi ta hiu k hn v Corridor, ta s bit c trong mt Corridor c th gm nhiu Alignment, v mi Alignment trong li cha nhiu Assembly, v khi trong Corridor cng c thit k theo nhiu Profile khc nhau. Trn menu General chn Tool Palettes Window, lc ny trong chng trnh s xut hin thm mt thanh cng c Tool Palettes, kch chut phi vo phn tn ca thanh cng c ny v kch chn phn Civil 3D Metric nh hnh di:
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Hnh 2.28: Tool Palettes.
i vi AutoCAD Civil 3D 2009 tr i c th dng cc mu Assembly v d sn c trong th Assemblies Metric dng lun bng cch kch chn mt mu v kch ra ngoi bn v to Assembly. V d chn mu u tin Basic Assembly ta s c nh sau trong bn v:
Hnh 2.29: Basic Assembly.
Mt Assembly s c cu thnh bi nhiu Subassembly khc nhau tng ng vi cc i tng nh mt phn xe chy, l gia c, taluy, Ta s lm theo cc bc sau t to mt Assembly gn ging nh trn, tuy nhin y ta cng khng quan tm nhiu n cc thng s ca tng Subassembly. Trn menu Corridor, chn Create Assembly:
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Hnh 2.30: Create Assembly.
t tn v thit lp cc thng s nh trn hnh. Kch OK kt thc hp thoi, kch mt im trn bn v trn trc gia Assembly v c dng nh hnh di y:
Hnh 2.31: Assembly.
y c coi l mt Assembly, tuy nhin cha hon chnh. Trn thanh Tool Palettes, chn th Metric Basic. Dng cc Subassembly sau: o BasicLane thit k mt ng. o BasicCurbAndGutter thit k k chn nc. o BasicSidewalk thit k l ng. o BasicSideSlopeCurDitch thit k taluy ng. Thao tc v d vi mt SubAssembly nh sau: Kch chn Subassembly BasicLane, xut hin hp thoi Properties ca Subassembly nh hnh sau, ch thuc tnh Side quy nh chiu chn Subassembly, ta hiu rng khi thit k na tri hay phi ca mt mt ct ngang th thuc tnh ny phi l nh nhau cho mi Subassembly:
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Hnh 2.32: Cc thng s tng ng trong mt Subassembly.
Ngoi bn v xut hin hnh vung yu cu kch vo im lin kt trong Assembly v lu c rt nhiu im chn trong mt Assembly hay mt Subassembly v ta phi kch ng theo nhu cu, chn BasicLand l phn ni lin vi trc gia ca Assembly ta chn nh hng dn di hnh:
Hnh 2.33: Chn BasicLaneChn BasicLane.
Ta ch , im tri trn hoc phi trn c bao bi cc vng trn nh s l cc im chn cho cc Subassembly khc cng pha. Lm tng t cho cc Subassembly khc v lm c hai pha, kt qu cui cng ta s c nh hnh di y:
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Hnh 2.34: Assembly Mt ct VD1 khi hon chnh.
To m hnh tuyn
Trn menu Corridors, chn Create corridors. Dng lnh Command s nhc ta chn Alignment, chn Profile, chn Assembly ln lt nh sau:
Select a baseline alignment <or press enter key to select from list>: Select a profile <or press enter key to select from list>: Select an assembly <or press enter key to select from list>:
Ta c th ln lt kch chn cc i tng trong bn v hoc kch chut phi hay phm bt k chn i tng trong danh sch nhm cc i tng v d nh hnh:
Hnh 2.35: Select a Profile.
Sau khi chn xong cc i tng, xut hin hp thoi sau:
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Hnh 2.36: Create Corridor.
Trong hp thoi Create Corridor, t tn cho Corridor v chn vo nt Set all Targets, xut hin tip hp thoi nh hnh di:
Hnh 2.37: Set all Target.
Kch vo dng ch <Click here to set all> v chn mt EG trong hp thoi Pick a Surface.
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Kch OK n khi kt thc cc hp thoi, lc ny Corridor hay mt bng tuyn s c to ra trong bn v nh hnh di y:
Hnh 2.38: Mt bng tuyn sau khi hon tt.
Kch phi vo Corridor va to, chn Object Viewer, trong hp thoi Object Viewer ta c th xem m hnh nhiu hng khc nhau.
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Hnh 2.39: Quan st Corridor trong Object Viewer.
To cc mt sau thit k
Kt qu vic to cc mt ny s phc v ta khi thit k mng ng ng v tnh ton cc dng khi lng. Ta to hai mt: o Mt trn cng ca mt bng tuyn, v d mt ny s quy nh cao ca vo ca h ga. o Mt di cng ca mt bng tuyn, l mt khng bao gm kt cu o ng. Kch phi chut vo m hnh Corridor va to trn, chn Corridor Properties xut hin hp thoi sau:
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Hnh 2.40: To mt trong Corridor Properties.
Thao tc cc bc ln lt nh trn hnh, ti bc 3 s chn Top v Datum. t li tn cho mt d nh hn. Sau khi c kt qu nh hnh trn, chuyn sang th Boundaries:
Hnh 2.41: To ng bao cho mt Corridor.
Kch OK kt thc cng vic.

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CHNG 2. BI TON V D TRONG THIT K NG Kim tra s b khi lng

Trn menu Surfaces chn Utilities, chn Volumes, xut hin hp thoi:
Hnh 2.42: Khi lng s b.
Trong hp thoi Panorama, kch vo biu tng , chn mt chun, mt so snh trong th Surface Pair, ta nhn c cc khi lng bn th Volume. Khi thay i trc dc (thay i ng ) tc l s lm thay i mt chun, ta s nhn c s liu o p mi t thay i sau khi ta chn biu tng . y ch l khi lng tng khi so snh hai mt vi nhau, mt t nhin v mt sau thit k. Khi lng theo tng mt ct ngang s lm phn tip theo.
NG NG PIPE
Trn menu Pipes, chn Create Pipe Network by Layout, xut hin hp thoi nh hnh di y:
Hnh 2.43: Create Pipe Network. HNG DN S DNG AUTOCAD CIVIL 3D 2009-2011 Phm Cng Thinh pcthinh@gmail.com
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Chn cc thng s nh trn hnh, kch Ok kt thc hp thoi, lc ny s xut hin thanh cng c Layout Tools nh hnh di:
Hnh 2.44: Network Layout Tools.
Trong phn Structure list chn: Concentric Cylindrical Structure SI/ Concentric Structure 1,500 dia 530 frame 900 cone. Trong phn Pipe list chn: 1,050 mm RPC Trong phn Toggle Upslope/Downslope: Chn nh trong hnh. Trong phn Draw Pipes and Structures chn: Pipes and Structures. Trong dng lnh Command, nh lnh so Trong dng lnh Command xut hin cu nhc la trn Alignemtn >>Select alignment: kch chn vo Alignment (tim tuyn), nu la chn ng, ti dng lnh Command s hi l trnh chn mng ng ng: o >>Specify station along alignment: 100 tip tc. o >>Specify station offset: 3.6 tip tc.
Lp li bc trn cho l trnh 200m v 300m.
Ch : Khi kch chn Alignment nu khng chn c ta c th tm tt lp CROAD-CORR: Kt qu thit k c nh trong hnh di y:
Hnh 2.45: Pipe Network sau khi thit k.
Kch chn c Structure v Pipe, sau kch chut phi chn Object View, ta c th qua st mng ng ng di dng 3D nh sau:
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Hnh 2.46: Xem mng ng ng trong Object Viewer.
XUT MT CT NGANG
Xut mt ct ngang
Trn menu Sections, chn Create Sample Lines Trong dng lnh Command xut hin dng nhc Select an Alignment, kch vo Alignment l Tuyn AB hoc kch chut phi chn trong hp thoi Select Alignment:
Hnh 2.47: Selec Alignment. HNG DN S DNG AUTOCAD CIVIL 3D 2009-2011 Phm Cng Thinh pcthinh@gmail.com Page 41

Chn Tuyn AB, kch OK kt thc hp thoi trn, ng thi xut hin hp thoi Create Sample Line Group:
Hnh 2.48: Create Sample Line Group.
B du tch dng Network (1) nh trn hnh, lc ny khi xut mt ct ngang s khng c mt ct ng ng trong , tuy nhin do trn khi ta thit k ng ng ch mi thit k trn mt bng m cha thit k cc cao nn cha hon chnh. Kch OK kt thc hp thoi Create Sample Line Group, xut hin thanh cng c Sample Line Tools:
Hnh 2.49: Samplle Line Tools.
Kch vo biu tng thoi nh hnh di:
v chn From corridor stations, xut hin hp
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Hnh 2.50: Create Sample Lines From Corridor Stations.
C th kch OK kt thc lun cng vic.
Lc nay trn Corridor xut hin cc ng mt ct ngang, ta c th xut mt ct ngang ti mt ng mt ct no hay xut ton b mt ct ngang bng cch chn trong menu Sections, chn Create View xut mt mt ct ngang, hoc chn Create Multiple Views xut ton b. Nhm trc ngang c xut ra ngoi bn v nh sau:
Hnh 2.51: Cc mt ct ngang xut ra trong bn v.
Vic hiu chnh hin th cc thng s mt ct ngang theo cc mu ca Vit Nam cng c thc hin gn nh trong bng trc dc m ta xut ra. Xem thm trong Chng 10.
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CHNG 2. BI TON V D TRONG THIT K NG Xut bng khi lng theo mt ct

Kim tra li cc i tng sau khi hon thnh vic thit k s b mt tuyn bng cch m rng cc cy i tng trong th Prospector trn thanh Toolspace nh hnh di:
Hnh 2.52: Cc i tng sau khi thit k.
Ta xut bng khi lng o p theo mt ct qua cc bc nh sau: Vo menu Sections chn Compute Materials, xut hin hp thoi:
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Hnh 2.53: Select a Sample Line Group.
Kim tra li cc i tng trong hnh 2.50, nu thy ng, kch OK thao tc tip.
Hnh 2.54: La chn dng tnh ton v mt so snh.
Trong hp thoi Compute Materials chn nh hnh trn: o Quantity takeoff criteria chn: Eathworks. o Existing Ground chn: EG. o Datum chn: Mt bng Tuyn AB (Datum)
Kch OK kt thc cng vic.
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Vo menu Sections, chn Add Tables v chn Total Volume, xut hin hp thoi nh hnh di:
Hnh 2.55: Cc thng s cho bng khi lng.
C th OK lun kt thc hp thoi, kch mt im ngoi bn v chn bng khi lng, ta s c kt qu nh trong hnh di y:
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Hnh 2.56: Bng khi lng o p theo mt ct.
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CHNG 3: SURVEY CC VN LIN QUAN N KHO ST

Tng quan v menu Survey
Hnh 3.1: Khi to th Survey trn thanh Toolspace.
Mi thao tc sau ny lin quan Survey s kt hp lm trn menu Survey v c trn thanh cng c Toolspace.
Hnh 3.2: Cc thnh phn chnh ca d n kho st.
D n lin quan n kho st c chng trnh lu trong th mc Civil 3D Projects c t mc nh trong qu trnh ci t, v d khi bn to mi mt Survey Databases l th th tn ti mt th mc con th trong th mc Civil 3D Projects v cha cc d liu lin qua, t d liu nhp vo n cc file kt qu bnh sai. Mt d n kho st(v d nh d n th trn) bao gm cc phn chnh nh sau:

Networks: lu tr d liu v cc trm my chnh, my ph, cc hng nm ti mi trm my. L mt mng li trm my im o. Figures: lu tr d liu v hnh hc Survey Points: d liu im thng thng
Trong phn ny s lm theo bi tp tutorial trong Help Civil 3D
THIT LP D LIU
To mi d n
M th Survey trong thanh Toolspace, kch chut phi vo Survey Databases chn New local survey databaset tn l Survey 1.
Hnh 3.3: To mi mt d n.
Trn hnh 3.3, trc khi to mi mt d n, ta c th chn th mc lu tr d liu kho st c ta trong my tnh bng cc chn Set working folder trc khi to mi d n. Sau khi d n c to ra, iu c bit quan trng l thit lp n v cho d n hin hnh, d ta ang dung bn v mu h Metric hay Imperial th cng vic ny vn phi lm li. Kch chut phi vo d n Survey 1 va to v chn Edit survey database settings, i sang h n v bn cn trong hp thoi hin ra:
Hnh 3.4: Thit lp d liu chung cho d n.
CHNG 3: SURVEY CC VN LIN QUAN N KHO ST Thit lp thng s ca my o v cc d liu hnh hc

Thng s ca my o Trong thanh Toolspace, chn th Survey, kch chut phi vo Equipment Databases collection, chn New. Trong hp thoi New Equipment Database, t tn cho thng s ca my (equipment database) l Survey 1. Chng trnh cng to mc nh cho ta mt dng vi tn l Sample. Nh vy y ta c th hiu l, vi mt d n (Survey 1) ta c mt nhm dng my phc v d n vi mi dng my hay dng c o v a hnh c cc thng s khc nhau nh v chnh xc, n v s dng, dng gc o qu trnh nhp d liu kho st u vo v tnh ton phn tch s liu sau ny s s dng cc thng s ny lm vic. Kch chut phi vo nhm my Survey 1 va to v chn Manage Equiment Database, thit lp cc thng s cho nhm my trong hp thoi Equipment Database Manager Survey 1:
Hnh 3.5: Thit lp thng s cho nhm my o c.

Nh vy y ta c 2 nhm my l Survey 1 v Sample. cc cng tc sau ny s s dng thng s k thut ca nhm no ta kch chut phi vo nhm v chn Make current.
Hnh 3.6: Chn nhm my hin hnh.
c tnh d liu hnh hc Kch chut phi vo Figure Prefix Databases, chn New. t tn cho dng d liu hnh hc ny l Survey 1 trong hp thoi New Figre Prefix. M rng phn Figure Prefix Databases, kch chut phi vo Survey 1 va to, chn New, trong hp thoi New Figure Prefix, trong ct Value i tn li l LOT, v chc chn rng thuc tnh Lot Line c chn, t li thuc tnh Site l Survey 1.

M rng phn Figure Prefix Databases, kch chut phi vo Survey 1 chn Make current.
NHP D LIU
D liu cu mt mng kho st (Network) bao gm cc thng s v cc im gc (Control points), d liu nh hng gc (Directions) hng gc c xc nh ch da vo ta mt im gc v gc, d liu v mt trm my (Setups). hiu chnh d liu no ta kich chut phi vo i tng chn Edit. i vi d liu v mt trm my bao gm mt phn v khai bo trm my (Station) v im nh hng cho trm my (Backsight), mt phn v cc im o trong trm my (Observations).
AutoCAD Civil 3D h tr 4 cch thc nhp d liu dng o c nh sau: Nhp d liu t file d liu chun nh dng *.fbk (Field book file). Thc t, file kho st th c th c phn m rng l *.txt thng thng, tuy nhin cu trc d liu trong phai phi m bo theo ng ngn ng lnh tt dng trong file kho st th ca Civil 3D. Nhp d liu t th Toolspace Survey. Nhp d liu s dng Traverse Editor. Nhp d liu bng cch s dng Survey Command Window.
CHNG 3: SURVEY CC VN LIN QUAN N KHO ST Nhp d liu t Field Book File
File kho st s dng trong Civil c nh dng *.fbk, trc ht ta s tm hiu mt file v d c sn trong Tutorial ca Civil 3D trong th mc C:\Program Files\AutoCAD Civil 3D 2009\Help\Civil 3D Tutorials\ Survey-1.fbk. M file ny ra bng Notepad v xem qua n. Khi mi tip xc vi cng c kho st ca phn mm, ta s hiu s b c cu trc ca mt file kho st nh th no ch khng cn phi nm c tt c lun. Trong d n Survey 1 va to trn trong Survey Databases, to mt mng d liu c tn l Survey Network 1 bng cch: kch chut phi vo Survey 1 chn New, trong hp thoi Netword t tn l Survey Network 1.
Kch chut phi vo mng d liu va to chn Import field book, trong hp thoi Field book file name (.FBK) chn n th mc cha file v d trn, sau s xut hin hp thoi Import Field Book, trong hp thoi ny ta s khng ch cc thng s k thut cho qu trnh nhp d liu nh mng d liu lu tr, dng my o ac, cc thnh phn s hin th trong bn v o Show interactive graphics o Erase survey points from drawing o Reset network figures o Insert network object o Insert figure objects o Insert survey points o Display tolerance errors in Event Viewer
Kt qu ca vic nhp file Survey Network 1 nh sau:
Ch , ti li d liu khi cn thit D liu nhp xong s lu vo th mc cha d n, c th l nm trong th mc Civil 3D Project, sau khi tt chng trnh v m li th tm thi chng trnh khng ti d liu ln trnh lm nng chng trnh khi khng cn thit, np li d liu ta lm nh sau:
Kch chut phi vo d n Survey 1 chn Open survey database, khi ton b d liu s c np li chng trnh. Tuy nhin d liu li cha c hin th ln trn bn v, iu ny cng gip ta lm nh chng trnh khi khng cn thit. hin th cc d liu nh d liu v trm my im o, d liu hnh hc, ta lm nh sau: Kch chut phi vo cc cy d liu Networks, Network Groups (nu c), Figures, Figure Groups (nu c), Survey Points\ Point, Survey Point Groups\ Point (nu c) v chn Insert in to drawing. Ngc li c th loi d liu trn bn v m vn tn ti trong d n chng trnh th ta chn Remove from drawing
Nhp d liu t th Toolspace Survey

To im gc Control Points Trong mt mng kho st (Network), kch chut phi vo Control points chn New, xut hin hp thoi nh di y:
C th kch mt im ngoi bn v bng cch chn vo biu tng gi tr cao hoc khng. To hng gc Directions:
, c th in
Trong mt mng kho st, kch chut phi vo Directions chn New, xut hin hp thoi:
Hng gc ny c xc nh t mt im gc 1 v mt gc bng 1600 theo dng Azimuth gc phng v (gc ly vi hng bc theo chiu kim ng h). im 4000 l mt im nm trong hng ny, khng c ta v khi s khng nm trong danh sch im trong . To cc d liu ti mt trm my Trong mt mng kho st, kch chut phi vo Setups chn New, xut hin hp thoi: ngha cc thng s trong hnh di nh sau: Trm my 1. Hng ngm v im 4000 (im ny khng c ta , gc ly nh phn hng gc trn bng 1600). Sau khi nhp im nh hng l 4000, my tnh s bo im ny cha c ta , c khi to n hay khng, trong hp thoi xut hin c th chn Yes hoc No, nu ch cn ly lm hng th khng cn, chn No tip tc. Cao my 1.5m Cao tuyt i ca my bng 201,5m (cao tuyt i trm my 1 bng 200m). Ta trm my 1. Cc thng s chung cho my o l nhm Survey 1.
Sau khi khi to xong trm my, gc nh hng, kch chut phi vo trm my va khi to nm trong khung List View c dng Station:<tn trm my>, Backsight:<tn im nh hng>, trong v d trn l Station:1, Backsight:4000, chn Edit observations, xut hin hp thoi:
Khai bo d liu im o trong bng trn.
Creating Survey Data Using the Traverse Editor

C th nhp d liu kho st qua cng c Traverse Editor nh sau:
To d liu kho st qua cng c Survey Command Window
Calculating an Azimuth in The Astronomic Direction Calculator

Trong menu Survey chn Astronomic dirction Calculator
Note: The observations will determine the true astronomic direction from the station point to the backsight point. Notice that after you enter the stop time for an observation, the observed and average direction are calculated automatically. After you have entered the above data, notice that the Mean Direction value calculated by the Astronomic Direction Calculator is SOUTH87.967088EAST (if the drawing settings Direction Measurement Type is set to Bearings).
Phn tch d liu bnh sai.

Trong phn ny s hng dn lm th no phn tch v bin i d liu kho st. Trong v d di y, ta s s dng Survey Command Window truy vn d liu kho st. Khi , ta s xem xt hai cch thc bin i d liu kho st. Ta c th bin i d liu kho st bng cch: Bnh sai mt li mt mt bng kp kn bng kp kn bng cc phng php: o Compass rule method: Phng php thc cong

o Transit rule method: Phng php thc truyn o Crandall method: Phng php thc Crandall o Least squares method: Phng php bnh phng ti thiu. S dng phng phpbnh phng ti thiu mng. Mi phng php a ra mt kt qu khc nhau khng ng k. Phng php hiu chnh thc cong hiu chnh vng lp ngang v .. phng php bnh phng ti thiu phn tch mt trong cc trm my m tng sai s ti l nh nht.
Ph (c th khng cn thit) Hiu chnh cc im o trong mt trm my

Kch chut phi vo cy Setups nh hnh v, chn Edit Observations, xut hin hp thoi:
Cc thuc tnh v mt im o bao gm nh sau: Number, Name, Angle, Angle Type, Distance, Distance Type, Vertical, Vertical Type, Target Height, Target Type, Scale Factor, Easting, Northing, Elevation, Longitude, Latitude. Khi hiu chnh cc thuc tnh trn th ton b d liu kho st ca d n s c cp nhp.
T mi:
Miscellaneous: tp, pha tp, c tnh khc nhau Name Discription Units: n v Distance: di Angle: gc Angle: Gc Horizontal collimation: ngm ngang collimation The process of adjusting the line of sight or lens of an optical instrument so that it is properly located based on the other parts of the instrument

Qu trnh ca vic iu chnh ng ngm hay thu knh (ca) mt dng c quang hc sao cho n ng mc nh v da vo nhng phn khc (ca) dng c.
Angle type Vertical collimation: ngm ng Vertical angle type C ba kiu gc nh sau: Horizontal: Gc ngm ngang Zenith: Gc thin nh Nadir: Gc chn nadir angle The nadir angle is opposite the zenith
Electronic distance meter (EDM) Dng c o c in t EDM Electronic distance measuring devices that measure the round-trip transit time of a pulsed signal from which distance is computed Refractive index: ch s khc x Wave constant

Offset EDM Offset The vertical distance from the scope center to the EDM center. Civil 3D uses this value to calculate distance Measuring device Prism Tilting Prism offset Prism constant Standard deviations EDM proportional error (ppm) EDM constant error Centering error Target alignment error Pointing error Horizontal circle Direction error Vertical circle Prism heigt error Theodolite height error field book The permanent detailed record a surveyor makes of all observations made in the field. In Civil 3D, a field bookfile, (*.fbk), is can be used as a source of survey data
figure Special linework automatically created in a drawing when you import a field book containing figure data. Also created when using Civil 3D survey figure commands. You can control the layers for figures by using figure prefixes. figure prefix Used to automatically place figures on user-defined layers based on the beginning part of the figure name. For example, the figure prefix EP can be used to place the figures EP, EP1, EP2, and EPL all on the same layer. Using figure prefixes in conjunction with description keys can largely automate the process of constructing a well organized base plan.

fixed entity An alignment entity with a fixed position, not necessarily tangent to another entity for the definition of its geometry. See also float entity, free entity.
Analyzing and Reducing Survey Data

This lesson demonstrates how to analyze and reduce survey data. In the following exercises, you will use the Survey Command Window to query survey data and then you will look at two ways to reduce the survey data. You can reduce survey data by:

Adjusting a traverse loop using the standard compass rule method or other adjustment methods. Using the network least squares adjustment method.
Each method produces slightly different results. The standard compass rule adjustment method adjusts the traverse loop and sideshots. The least squares method adjusts each of the observations so that the sum of the residuals is a minimum. Note: Before performing the steps in this lesson, you must have created the survey database Survey 1 and imported the field book file Survey-1.fbk. For more information, see the lesson Importing and Viewing Survey Data. For more information about reducing surface data, see the Autodesk Civil 3D Help topic Survey Analysis and Output.
Querying Survey Data

In this exercise, you will use the Survey Command Window to perform a query on the survey data. You will use the Inverse Points command to determine the direction and distance between two points. To use the Survey Command Window to query survey data 1. In Toolspace, on the Survey tab, expand the Survey Databases collection. 2. If the database Survey 1 is not open (is not displayed with a and kch Open Survey Database. next to it), right-kch
NoteBy default, to save on resource usage, when you start Autodesk Civil 3D, all survey databases are displayed in a closed state.

3. Right-kch Survey 1 and kch Edit Survey Database Settings. 4. In the Survey Database Settings dialog box, expand the Survey Command Window property group and ensure that the following are set: o Point Course Echo: Yes o Figure Course Echo: Yes o Point Coordinate Echo: Yes o Figure Coordinate Echo: Yes o Command Echo: Yes These settings determine what kind of information will get displayed in the Survey Command Window. 5. Kch OK to close the Survey Database Settings dialog box. 6. On the Survey tab, expand the Networks collection, right-kch Survey Network 1, and kch Survey Command Window. 7. In the Survey Command Window, kch View menu 8. In the Enter Point dialog box, enter 1. Kch OK. The drawing zooms to point 1. 9. Kch Point Information menu Inverse Points. 10. In the Point Information - Inverse Points dialog box, enter: o Start Point: 1 o Ahead Point: 2 11. Kch OK. The following information, which describes the location of each point and the direction and distance between the points, is displayed in the command output area:! ! POINT 1 NORTH: 5000.0000 EAST: 5000.0000 EL: 263.6500 ! ! Distance: 300.000 Course: N 72-56-33 E ! ! POINT 2 NORTH: 5087.9995 EAST: 5286.8036 EL: 259.9600 Zoom To Point.
12. Close the Survey Command Window. 13. To continue this lesson, go to Performing Traverse Analysis.
Performing Traverse Analysis

In this exercise, you will reduce some of the survey data using the traverse analysis Compass Rule adjustment method. The Compass Rule is a method of corrections where the closing errors are assumed to be as much due to errors in observed angles as by the errors in measured distances. The closing errors in latitude and departure are distributed according to the ratio of the length of the line to the total length of the traverse. For more information, see the Autodesk Civil 3D Help topic Performing Traverse Analysis. To perform traverse analysis using the Compass Rule method
1. In Toolspace, on the Survey tab, right-kch the database Survey 1, expand the Networks collection, expand the network Survey Network 1, right-kch the Traverses collection and kch New. 2. In the New Traverse dialog box, enter Traverse 1 in the Name field. Kch OK.

3. On the Survey tab, right-kch Traverse 1, and kch Properties. 4. In the Traverse Properties dialog box, enter the following values: o Initial Station: 1 o Initial Backsight: 1000 o Stations: 2,3,4,5,6 o Final Foresight: 6000 5. Kch OK. 6. On the Survey tab, right-kch Traverse 1, and kch Traverse Analysis. 7. In the Traverse Analysis dialog box, ensure the following values are set: o Horizontal Adjustment Method: Compass Rule o Vertical Adjustment Method: Length Weighted Distribution Use the default values for the other properties.
8. Kch OK. The analysis is run, the network is adjusted, and the following files are displayed in the ASCII text editor: an<traverse>.trv: Displays the horizontal closure and angular error. fv<traverse>.trv: Displays a report of raw and adjusted elevations from the vertical adjustment methods. o ba<traverse>.trv: Displays the adjusted station coordinates derived from balancing the angular error and horizontal closure with no angular error. o <traverse>.lso: Displays the adjusted station coordinates based on Horizontal Adjustment Type setting (Compass Rule). 9. Close all the text files.
o o

After a traverse analysis is done, and the survey database is updated, the following happens to the data that references the traverse: Observed station points are updated and added to the Control Points collection. All sides shots from adjusted setups within the traverse are updated. All figures that reference points within the traverse are updated. Any of the above data that is displayed in the current drawing is also updated. 10. You will be performing a network analysis in the next exercise, so undo the adjustments to the survey data that resulted from the traverse analysis. Right-kch the Control Points collection and kch Reset Adjusted Coordinates.
o o o o
V sau thao tc analysis, cc trm my ph s c chuyn v dng Control points, thao tc trn s lm Control Point tr v nh c
The control points created from the adjustments are deleted from the survey database. 11. To continue this lesson, go to Performing Least Squares Analysis.
Ngn ng lnh tt dng trong file *.Fbk

Point Creation Commands
The following table lists the point creation-related Autodesk Civil 3D survey commands and briefly describes their functionality. NOTE These commands must be entered in the Survey Command Window.
AD (point) [angle] [distance] (description) Create a point by angle and distance.
AD VA (point) [angle] [distance] [vertical angle] (description) Create a point by angle, distance, and vertical angle.
AD VD (point) [angle] [distance] [vertical distance] (description) Create a point by angle, distance, and vertical distance.
AP ON (point) Turns automatic point numbering on.
AP OFF Turns automatic point numbering off.
BD (point) [bearing] [quadrant] [distance] (description) Create a point by bearing and distance.
BD VA (point) [bearing] [quadrant] [distance] [vertical angle] (description)

Create a point by bearing and distance.
BD VD (point) [bearing] [quadrant] [distance] [vertical distance] (description) Create a point by bearing, distance, and vertical distance.
DD (point) [angle] [distance] [vertical angle] (description) Create a point by deflection angle and distance.
DD VA (point) [angle] [distance] [vertical angle] (description) Create a point by deflection angle, distance, and vertical angle.
DD VD (point) [angle] [distance] [vertical distance] (description) Create a point by deflection angle, distance, and vertical distance.
F1 (point) [angle] [distance] (description) Create a point using a FACE 1 angle.
F1 VA (point) [angle] [distance] [vertical angle] (description) Create a point using a FACE 1 angle and a vertical angle.
F1 VD (point) [angle] [distance] [vertical distance] (description) Create a point using a FACE 1 angle and a vertical distance.
F2 (point) [angle] [distance] (description) Create a point using a FACE 2 angle. F2 VA (point) [angle] [distance] [vertical angle] (description) Create a point using a FACE 2 angle and a vertical angle.
F2 VD (point) [angle] [distance] [vertical distance] (description) Create a point using a FACE 2 angle and a vertical distance.
LAT LONG (point) [latitude] [longitude] (description) Create a control point using a latitude and longitude.
NE (point) [northing] [easting] (description) Create a control point using a northing and easting.
NE SS (point) [northing] [easting] (elevation) (description) Create a non control point. NEZ (point) [northing] [easting] (elevation) (description) Create a control point using a northing, easting, and elevation.
PRISM [height] Changes the current prism height.

PT OFFSET (point) [offset] (ahead) (description) Creates a point by offsetting the last point.
SKIP Skips over the next available point (when automatic point numbering is on).
STADIA (point) [angle] [distance] [rod] (vertical angle) (description) Creates a point using the stadia method.
ZD (point) [azimuth] [distance] (description) Creates a point using azimuth and distance.
ZD [VA] (point) [azimuth] [distance] [vertical angle] (description) Creates a point using azimuth, distance, and vertical angle.
ZD [VD] (point) [azimuth] [distance] [vertical distance] (description) Creates a point using azimuth, distance, and vertical distance.
Point Location Commands

AZ [point 1] [point 2] [azimuth] Determines the azimuth between two points.
B [point1] [point2] [bearing] [quadrant] Defines a bearing between two points.
BS [point] (orientation) Locates a point by backsight.
STN [point] (instrument. height) (description) Creates a new setup station.
Point Information Commands

A [point 1] [point 2] [point 3] Lists the horizontal angle between points.
AZ [point 1] [point 2] Lists the azimuth between two points.
B [point 1] [point 2] Lists a bearing between two points.
D [point 1] [point 2] Determines the distance between two points.
DISP PTS (point 1) (point 2) Displays point information.
GRADE [point 1] [point 2] Lists the grade between two points.
INV PTS [point 1] [point 2] Lists the direction and distance between points.
INVERSE RADIAL [backsight] [station] Lists the angle and distance from a setup in a radial direction from the backsight point.
SLOPE [point 1] [point 2] Lists the slope angle between two points.
SD [point 1] [point 2] Lists the slope distance between two points.
VD [point 1] [point 2] List the elevation distance between two points.
Point Editing Commands

DEL PTS [point 1] (point 2) Deletes points from the survey databases.
MOD DESC [point 1] [description] Modifies a point's description.
MOD EL [point 1] [elevation] Modifies the elevation of a point.
MOD EL BY [point 1] [amount] Modifies the elevation of a point by an increment.
MOD ELS [point 1] [point 2] [elevation] Modifies the elevation of multiple points.
MOD ELS BY [point 1] [point 2] [amount] Modifies the elevation of a group of points by an increment.
Figure Commands

AREA [figure] Lists the area and perimeter of a figure.
BEG [figure] Begins a new figure.
C3 Draws a 3-point curve.
CLOSE Closes a figure.
CLOSE BLD Closes a figure
CLOSE RECT [offset] Closes a figure
CONT [figure] Continues a figure to add additional vertices to it.
CRV [DELTA, LENGTH, DEFL, MID, Creates a curve in the current figure.
TAN, CHORD] [radius] [value] DEL FIG [figure] Deletes a figure from the drawing.
DISP FIGS Lists all the existing figure names in the current drawing.
END Indicates the end of a figure.
FIG AD [angle] [distance] Creates a figure vertex using an angle and distance.
FIG DD [deflection] [distance] Creates a figure vertex using a deflection angle and distance.
FIG ZD [azimuth] [distance] Creates a figure vertex using an azimuth and distance.
FIG BD [bearing] [quadrant] [distance] Creating a figure vertex using a bearing and distance.
FIG NE [northing] [easting] Creates a figure vertex using known coordinates.
ID FIG Identifies a figure.
INVERSE FIG [figure] Displays the exact closure (inverse) information for a figure.
MCS Starts a multi-point curve within an active figure.
MCE Ends a multi-point curve within an active figure.
MAPCHECK [figure] Displays mapcheck information for a figure.
OFFSET [figure] [distance] Offsets a figure.
PC Specifies that the next shot is a point of curvature.
POINT [point] Selects an existing point to be the next vertex in the figure.
RT [distance] Defines a right turn in a figure.
SET (point) Creates a point at the current location in a figure.
START [figure]
XC ZD (BULB) [radius] [chord azimuth] [chord distance] Creates a curve using the chord azimuth.
XC BD (BULB) [radius] [chord bearing] [quadrant] [chord distance] Creates a curve using the chord bearing.
XC AD (BULB) [radius] [chord angle] [chord distance] Creates a non-tangential curve.
XC DD (BULB) [radius] [chord deflection] [chord distance] Creates a curve using the chord deflection.
XC C3 [point on curve] [end point] Creates a curve using a point on the curve.
XC PTS [radius] [radius point] [end point] Creates the curve radius.
Intersection Commands
AZAZ [point 1] [azimuth 1] [offset 1] [point 2] [azimuth 2] [offset 2] Calculates an azimuth/azimuth intersection.
BB [point 1] [bearing 1] [quadrant 1] [offset 1] [point 2] [bearing 2] [quadrant 2] [offset 2] Calculates a bearing/bearing intersection.
LNLN [point 1] [point 2] [offset 1] [point 3] [point 4] [offset 2] Calculates a line/line intersection.
ARCAZ [point] [radius] [point 1] [azimuth] [offset]

Creates an arc/azimuth intersection.
ARCB [point] [radius] [point 1] [bearing] [quadrant] [offset] Calculates an arc/bearing intersection.
ARCLN [point] [radius] [point 1] [point 2] [offset] Calculates an arc/line intersection.
ARCARC [point 1] [radius 1] [point 2] [radius 2] Calculates an arc/arc intersection.
SAVE [NORTH, SOUTH, EAST, WEST, 1, 2, ALL] (point) (description) Saves the intersection point.
SAVE [NEAR, FAR] (point) [reference point number] (description) Saves the intersection point.
SAVE PICK (point) (description) Saves the intersection point.
SQ [reference 1] [reference 2] [reference] Calculates a square offset.
Equipment Correction Commands

ANGLES [RIGHT, LEFT] [ZENITH, NADIR, HORIZ] Changes the horizontal angle type (right or left) and the vertical angle type.
ATMOS [ON, OFF] Turns atmospheric corrections on or off.
COLL [ON, OFF] Turns the collimation corrections for measurements on or off.
CR [ON, OFF] Turns curvature and refraction corrections on or off.
EDM OFFSET [offset] Sets the EDM (Electronic Distance Measuring) offset for an instrument.
HORIZ ANGLE [RIGHT, LEFT] Changes the horizontal angle type.
PRESS [pressure] [INCH, MBAR, MM] Specifies the atmospheric pressure.
SF [factor] Changes the scale factor.
PRISM CONSTANT [constant] Changes the prism constant.
PRISM OFFSET [offset] Changes the prism offset.
TEMP [temperature] [F, C, K] Sets the temperature for atmospheric corrections.
UNITS [METER, FOOT] [DMS, DECDEG, GRAD, MILS, RADIANS] Changes the distance or angle units for measurements.
VERT ANGLE [ZENITH, NADIR, HORIZ] Changes the vertical angle reference system.
Baseline Commands
BL IS [point 1] [point 2] [station] Define a baseline.
BL PT (point 1) [station] (offset) (description) Creates a point at an offset from a baseline.
BL INV [point 1] (point 2) Lists a baseline direction using inverse point.
Centerline Commands
CL IS [figure] (station) (point) Defines a centerline.
CL INV [point 1] (point 2) Displays point data in reference to the current centerline.
CL PT (point) [station] (offset) (skew angle) (description) Creates a new point by station offset.
CL PT BY [point] [station 1] [offset] [distance] (station 2) (description) Creates points at an increment along the centerline.
CL ELEV (point) [station] [offset] [elevation] (description) Creates a point by station, offset, and elevation.
CL ROD (point) [station] [offset] [rod] (description) Creates a point using station, offset and rod height.
CL VD (point) [station] [offset] [vertical distance] (description) Creates a point along a centerline using a vertical distance.
HI [elevation] Defines the height of instrument.
XS [station] Sets the current cross section station. XS ELEV (point) [offset] [elevation] (description) Creates a point with offset and elevation from the current cross section.
XS ROD (point) [offset] [rod] (description) Creates a point by offset and rod height from the current cross section.
XS VD (point) [offset] [vertical distance] (description) Creates a point by offset and vertical distance from the current cross section.
AutoCAD Related Commands

PAN Shifts the location of the drawing.
REDRAW Refreshes the display in the current viewport.
ZOOM PT [point] Zooms to a point.
Zooms according to one of the specified parameters.
ZOOM [WINDOW, EXTENTS, PREVIOUS, W, P, E, A]
Miscellaneous Commands
CALC [formula] Perform mathematical calculations.
DITTO [ON, OFF] Turns the Ditto feature on or off.
HELP (command) Displays the syntax of the specified command.
HISTORY Displays all the commands you used during thecurrent session.
OUTPUT [ON, OFF] Turns the use of an output file on or off.
TRAV [ON, OFF] Turns the traverse command on or off.
Gii thch mt s file c xut sau khi bnh sai

File: fv1.trv
RAW Point# 1 2 3 4 5 6 LENGTH WEIGHTED DISTRIBUTION RULE Elevation 263.6500 259.9600 257.4380 255.1760 251.7960 249.6350 Delta 0.0000 -0.0000 -0.0000 -0.0000 -0.0000 -0.0000 Elevation 263.6500 259.9600 257.4380 255.1760 251.7960 249.6350
1.lso
RAW TRAVERSE Point# 1 N E Coordinates 5000.0000 5000.0000 N E COMPASS RULE Coordinates 5000.0000 5000.0000 Delta 0.0000
N 72-56-33 E Dist:300.0002 2 N E 5087.9995 5286.8036 N E 5087.9995 5286.8035 0.0001
S 63-53-46 E Dist:200.0000 3 N E 4999.9994 5466.4032 N E 4999.9994 5466.4030 0.0002
N 63-53-45 E Dist:199.9942 4 N E 5087.9980 5645.9970 N E 5087.9980 5645.9968 0.0002
S 72-56-35 E Dist:300.0049 5 N E 4999.9999 5932.8058 N E 4999.9999 5932.8055 0.0003
N 62-47-43 E Dist:192.4878

6 N E 5087.9999 6104.0004 N E 5088.0000 6104.0000 0.0004
Ba1.trv
RAW TRAVERSE Point# 1 N E Coordinates 5000.0000 5000.0000 N E No RULE Coordinates 5000.0000 5000.0000 Delta 0.0000
N 72-56-33 E Dist:300.0003 2 N E 5087.9995 5286.8036 N E 5087.9995 5286.8036 0.0000
S 63-53-46 E Dist:200.0001 3 N E 4999.9994 5466.4032 N E 4999.9994 5466.4032 0.0000
N 63-53-45 E Dist:199.9942 4 N E 5087.9980 5645.9970 N E 5087.9980 5645.9970 0.0000
S 72-56-35 E Dist:300.0050 5 N E 4999.9999 5932.8058 N E 4999.9999 5932.8058 0.0000
N 62-47-43 E Dist:192.4879 6 N E 5087.9999 6104.0004 N E 5087.9999 6104.0004 0.0000
Elevation error : -0.0000 Error North Error East : 0.0001 : -0.0004
Absolute error : 0.0004 Error Direction : N 78-05-42 W Perimeter Precision : 1192.4874 : 1 in 3324324.0586

Number of sides : 5
CHNG 4: POINT
Tm hiu i tng Point
im trong AutoCAD Civil 3D c gi l Coordinate Geometry (COGO), chng khc hon ton vi im trong AutoCAD. im trong AutoCAD ch c gi ta X,Y,Z; cn im trong AutoCAD Civil 3D cn lu tr cc gi tr v th t im, m t, rt quan trng trong vic lc d liu im sau ny. Mt im trong Autocad Civil 3D c hin th vi Point styles v Point label style ca n:
Hnh 4.1: Mt dng th hin im.
i vi hnh trn, Point style l dng block hnh cy, Point lable style th hin Point number (th t im), Point elevation (cao im), Point Description (m t).
Nhp im vo bn v - Point
Menu: Point\ Create points Toolspace\ tab Prospector: kch chut phi vo biu tng New Xut hin thanh cng c Create Points: chn
Thanh Ribbon: th Home\Create Ground Data\ Points\ Point Creation Tools
Hnh 4.2: Thanh cng c Create Points.
Trong thanh cng c Create Points c rt nhiu la chn c th to im: Miscellaneous: to im t nhiu ngun nh cp nhp im trc tip t i tng bn v (im, nh polylines ), convert im t Softdesk

Intersection: to im t cc giao ct gia cc i tng.
Alignments: to im t cc im c trng trn Alignment nh im u, im cui, cc, im tip gip ga on thng v cong Surface: to im c h tr t cc c tnh b mt nh ng ng mc, cao theo hng

Interpolation: to im t vic ni suy gia cc im, cc i tng khc. Slope: to im t cc s liu v dc cho trc. Import Points: to im t file ta im.
Ta c th m rng thanh cng c create points thay i mt s thit lp cho d liu im nh layer, point styles khi nhp vo bn v:
Hnh 4.3: Cc thit lp ban u cho d liu im khi nhp vo bn v.
CHNG 3: SURVEY CC VN LIN QUAN N KHO ST Cc bi ton c th thng dng:

Nhp file ta im: Tin hnh ly d liu im t file ta im, nh dng file dng ny rt phong ph, c th l nh dng ca assces (*.mdb), hoc:
Hnh 4.4: V d cc nh dng file ta im.
thay i cu trc ca file cho ph hp vi file ta im c sn vo th Settings trong thanh Toolspace vo Point\ Point file formats. Chn biu tng Import point trong thanh cng c Create point, xut hin hp thoi Import Points:
Hnh 4.5: Hp thoi nhp file ta im.

Trong v d trn la chn nh dng m rng *.txt, cu trc file PENZD (space delimited) (Point number Easting Northing Point elevation Raw Decription; cc thuc tnh cch nhau bi du Space). Chn vo biu tng chn file nhp vo.
Nu mun np d liu im sp nhp vo mt nhm im no ta chn Add Points to Point group. C th chn nhm im trong danh sch nu c sn, to mi thm mt nhm im ti y, chn vo biu tng . Phn to nhm im xem phn tip theo.
Chn OK kt thc cng vic. D liu im nhp vo ty vo Point style v Point Lable style chn To im o trc tip trn bn v Thanh cng c Create Points\ Miscellaneous\ Manual Command: Please specify a location for the new point: chn mt im trong bn v bng cch kch chut tri hoc g ta x,y vo dng command. Enter a point description <.>: nhp m t im. Specify a point elevation <.>: nhp cao im. Please specify a location for the new point: Enter kt thc hoc lm tip. To im o t ng polyline Thanh cng c Create Points\ Miscellaneous\ Polyline Vertices Automatic Comand: (dng ln trn ri kch chn vo cc ng Polyline) Select a polyline object: chn vo cc ng polyline. Enter a point description <.>: nhp m t im Enter a point description <.>: nhp m t im n khi ht cc nt gy ca ng Polyline. To im t Point ca AutoCAD Thanh cng c Create Points\ Miscellaneous\ Convert Autocad Points Command: Select AutoCAD points: chn cc im ca Autocad. Enter a point description <.>: nhp m t im Enter a point description <.>: nhp m t im n khi ht cc point va chn.

Nhn cao im theo b mt (Elevationa from Surface) C tc dng thay i cao ca cc im c chn theo cao ca mt m hnh no . Chn cc im mun hiu chnh, trn thanh Ribbon\ COGO Points\ Modify\ Elevations from Suraface, trong hp thoi Select surface hin ra, chn b mt mun ly cao cho cc im. Command: Points [All/Numbers/Group/Selection] <All>: S (lc ny ch nhng im c chn mi thay i). o All: ton b cc im trong bn v. o Number: Cc im c th t c nhp tip s thay i (nu nhp nhiu im cng lc, mi im cch nhau bi du ,. o Group: Nhm im c chn s thay i.
Ch : Thay v lm vic trn thanh Ribbon, sau khi select cc im ta c th kch chut phi v chn Elevations from Surface, lc ny cc im c chn s thay i lun.
Thay i mt lng cao nhm im Khi thay i cao , ta ch thay i c cc im chn hoc ton b cc im trong bn v, ch khng hiu chnh theo Number hoc Group nh hiu chnh cao theo b mt trn. Hiu chnh nhm im c Select: o Kch chut phi v chn Datum o Command: Change in elevation or [Reference]: nhp lng thay i cao (nu nhp gi tr m tc l tr, dng l cng them). Elevation: Gi tr thc Reference: hiu hai gi tr reference elevation v new elevation m chng trnh s yu cu ngi dng nhp them vo. Hiu chnh ton b im trn bn v: o Trn thanh Ribbon\ COGO Points\ Modify\ Datum o Thao tc tng t trn dng Command nh trn.
To nhm im
Trong Autocad Civil 3D, d liu im c th qun l theo tng nhm ring bit. Menu: Points\ Create point group

Toolspace\ tab Prospector: kch chut phi vo Xut hin hp thoi Point Group Properties: chn New
Thanh Ribbon: th Home\Create Ground Data\ Points\ Create Point Group
Hnh 4.6: Hp thoi Point Group Properties.
Th Information t tn, ghi m t, xc lp Point style v Point lable style, t lp cho nhm im. Ch : khi Object locked c chn, tt c cc la chn trong cc th sau s b kha
Th Point Groups gp cc im t cc Point groups khc. Th Raw Desc Matching gp cc im c nhn dng theo m m t, cc m nhn dng trong th ny nm trong cc b Description key sets (xem tip phn di Description keys) c to trc trong th Settings thanh Toolspace. Th Include lc ly cc im trong bn v theo th t im (numbers matching), theo cao (elevations matching), theo tn - nu c (names matching), theo m ta im (raw descriptions matching, full descriptions matching). Th Exclude loi b cc im trong nhm c ly theo cc la chn trn theo cc tiu ch ging nh trong th Include. (v d trong th Include ly cc im vi With elevations matching l >200, th Exclude vi gi tr trong

With elevations matching l >300, kt qu thu c nhm im c cc im cao nm trong khong t 200 n 300). Th Query Builder, sau khi s dng cc th trc lc im, cc hm lc im s nm trong th ny, nu tch vo la chn Modify query hiu chnh hoc thm cc hm lc th cc la chn lc cc th pha trc s khng cn hiu lc.
Hnh 4.7: Hp thoi Point Group Properties th Query Builder.
Th Overrides ghi cc thuc tnh c trong nhm khi lm vic vi Database file (*.mdb), xem thm Help ca AutoCAD Civil 3D. Th Point List, Summary mang tnh cht lit k thuc tnh v s lng im trong nhm.
Chn OK kt thc cng vic. hiu chnh li thuc tnh v d liu ca nhm: kch chut phi vo nhm im cn hiu chnh, chn Properties.
Xut im ra file ta
xut ton b im hay nhm im ra file ta ta kch chut phi vo cy i tng Points hoc nhm im cn xut v chn Export Point
Transfer point: Chuyn i nh dng file d liu im

Menu: Points\ Import\ Export Points\ Transfer Points

Thanh Toolspace: kch chut phi vo cy i tng Points trong th Prospector, chn Transfer Points Thanh Ribbon: th Output\ Export\ Transfer Points.
Hnh 4.8: Transfer Points Chuyn i nh dng file ta .
Source: Chn nh dng v file ngun. Destination: Chn nh dng v lu file cn chuyn i.
Description keys
Tm hiu Description keys
Trong qu trnh o c kho st a hnh, cc im o thng c cc ghi ch m t km theo vic x l c thun tin nht. Chng hn khi o trn mt din rng, mt im gc nh c th c ghi ch l GN KhuA (gc nh khu A), tng t vi cc im th hin gc nh khc cng c ghi ch theo mt quy tc no m i kho st nh ra. Lc ny ghi ch ca im c dng lm cc m lc, ta c th lc ra cc im th hin gc nh (GN), hay cc im trong Khu A (KhuA) trong ton b d liu kho st.

Trong AutoCAD Civil 3D, ta c th to cc Description Key t ng qun l cc im no c nhp vo, nh kiu v thuc tnh cho im khi to hoc nhp t mt ngun d liu no .
To mt b lc m m t im - Description Key Set:

Toolspace: Chn th Settings, m rng thuc tnh ca i tng Points, chn Description Key Sets, kch chut phi chn New. Trong hp thoi Description Key Set, t tn cho mt nhm cc b lc m m t ca im.
Hnh 4.9: Hp thoi Description Key Set
M rng Description Key Sets, kch chut phi vo i tng Description Key Set va to v chn Edit Keys.
Hnh 4.10: Description Key Editor
Trong thanh Panorama DescKey Editor, kch chut phi vo mt dng v chn New to thm mt m lc im.
Cc m lc im Cc b lc (v d CUR* trong Hnh 4.10) s lc im nh vo cc m lc im, ngha ca cc m ny ta xem thm trong Help ca chng trnh (Help\AutoCAD Civil 3D Users Guide\ Point Data\ Description Key Properties\ Description Key Code).
Hnh 4.11: ngha cc m lc im.

S dngb lc m va to to nhm im: Trong Hnh 4.10 v d trn ta to hai m lc l CUR* v GR* (s dng file im sn c trong trng trnh C:\Program Files\AutoCAD Civil 3D 2010\Help\Civil Tutorials\Existing Ground Points PENZD.txt) phn to nhm im trn, trong hp thoi Point Group Properties (Hnh 4.12), tch chn vo hai b lc im l CUR* v GR*, lc ny nhm im Point Group (1) c to ra s cha ton b cc im m m t im c cc ch ci u tin l CUR hoc GR, xem danh sch im trong th Point List (Hnh 4.13)
Hnh 4.12: To nhm im s dng cc b lc m m t.
Hnh 4.13: Cc im trong Point Group (1), s dng cc b lc GR*, CUR*.
Hiu chnh Point Styles v Point Lable styles

Ta c th thay i Point Style v Point Lable Style ca mt im hay ca mt nhm im bng cc cch nh sau: Chn th Prospector trn thanh Toolspace, kch vo cy i tng Points, trong khung Item View cha ton b im c trong bn v, chn vo im cn hiu chnh bng cch kch vo v tr ct thuc tnh Style v Point Label Style ca im , thay i Point Style v Point Lable Style trong hp thoi Select Point Style v Select Label Style (Hnh 4.14).
Ghi ch: Nu khng thy ct thuc tnh Style v Point Label Style hin th trong khung Item view, c th kch chut phi vo dng cc thuc tnh v kim tra hai thuc tnh ny c chn cha.
Hnh 4.14: Thay i Style v Label Style ca im trong khung Item View
Kch chut phi trc tip vo mt im trong bn v, chn Edit Points sau hiu chnh Point Style v Label Style trong thanh Panorama ging nh trong khung Item view. hiu chnh cho ton b mt nhm im, kch chut phi vo nhm im v chn Properties, thay i trong khung Default Styles, th Information (Hnh 4.6).

Chn vo mt im trong bn v, trn thanh Ribbon t ng a n cc tc v lin quan n im va chn, chn vo biu tng Point Group Properties v thay i trong khung Default Styles, th Information (Hnh 4.6).
CHNG 5: SURFACE B MT
CHNG 5: SURFACE - B MT
Cc kiu b mt v d liu
Autodesk Civil 3D h tr xy dng cc kiu b mt nh:

Tin surfaces: B mt li tam gic, l kiu b mt c bn phc v chnh cho cng tc thit k bnh tuyn. Grid surfaces: B mt li t gic, cho kh nng quan st trung thc hn b mt a hnh. TIN volume surfaces: B mt li tam gic c to bi hai b mt khc, cao nhn c ca b mt ny l s chnh lch gia hai b mt u vo. Grid volume surfaces: B mt li vung c to bi hai b mt khc, cao nhn c ca b mt ny l s chnh lch gia hai b mt u vo. Corridor surfaces: B mt c to bi t cc d liu ca m hnh tuyn thit k (tm hiu Chng 9: Corridor M hnh mt bng tuyn).
Hnh 5.1: M hnh Grid surface.
D liu c th lm vic trn cc b mt nh sau:
Hnh 5.2: D liu c dng khi to cc b mt.
Boundaries: bao gm ng bao l thng a hnh. Breaklines: cc ng t gy a hnh. Contours: cc ng ng mc (2D Polyline). DEM Files: file s ha b mt a hnh (Digital Elevation Models) Drawing Objects: cc i tng ca AutoCAD (Point, Line, Block ) Point Files: File ta im. Point groups: Cc nhm im hin c trong bn v.
To b mt a hnh Create Surface

Khi to b mt
Khi to b mt bng mt trong cc cch sau: Thanh Ribbon: Home\ Create Ground Data\ Surface\ Create Surface. Thanh Toolspace: kch chut phi vo cy i tng Surface (th Prospector)\ Create Surface. Menu\ Surfaces\ Create Surface.
Trong hp thoi Create Surface, chn kiu b mt mun to, bao gm TIN surface, Grid surface, Grid volume surface, TIN volume surface.
C th to mi mt b mt bng cch chn Create surface trn menu hoc nhn chut phi vo biu tng trong Toolspace, chn New Trong hp thoi Create surface chn kiu b mt l TIN Surface, la chn layer, tn, trch m t cho b mt, chn kiu hin th v chn vt liu ca b mt.
to d liu cho mt bng cch Add files d liu im cho mt, Add nhm im hay cc ng ng mc, ng bao, ng Breakline: - Nhn chut phi vo dng d liu mun nhp cho mt, chn Add Add Boundaries nhp ng bao ngoi Add Breaklines nhp ng Breakline Add Contouns nhp ng ng mc
Add Drawing Objects nhp thm cc i tng ca bn v khc. Add Point Files nhp file d liu im cho mt. Add Point Groups nhp cc nhm im m ta to sn trong Point Groups ngoi i tng mt. Ta c th nhp thm tng m, nhp cc ng thng trong biu tng Edits . - i vi tng la chn nhp d liu cho mt s c cc bc nhp ring ca n.
CHNG 5: SURFACE B MT Xy dng b mt Grid t DEM File

Cc bc thc hin nh sau: Kch Surfaces menu > Create Surface. Trong hp thoi Create Surfac, chn Grid Surface cho Surface Type v kch OK. Trong th Prospector, m rng tn Surface > Definition. Kch chut phi vo biu tng DEM Files. Kch Add. Trong hp thoi Add DEM File, nhp file USGS GeoTIFF DEM to the surface definition and specify the coordinate system information. Kch OK.
Cc dng hin th c trng ca b mt - Surface Styles.

Surface Styles Thit lp dng hin th cho b mt. S dng Item view trong th Prospector trn thanh Toolpace thay i kiu mt sau khi thit t trn. B mt c hin th trong Autodesk Civil 3D l rt trc quan, qun l tt phn vng cc khu vc c cc c im chung nht nh phn vng c cng cao , vng t thy. Autodesk Civil 3D tnh ton din tch cho tng vng m n qun l.
Label Styles
Table Styles
.Xem li cch b tr.
Phn tch hiu chnh m hnh a hnh (xem li hiu sai i tng)
H a hnh
L thng c nh ngha bi mt ng bao khp kn bi Polyline. Trong cy Surface, kch chut phi vo i tng Mask v chn Create Mask
Mask type: dng l thng (h a hnh)
o Inside: L thng l phn trong ca ng Polyline khp kn o Outside: L thng l ton b phn ngoi ng bao. Render Only: Gi li cc i tng th hin ca b mt (ng mc, mi tn hng dc, li tam gic)
Hng dng chy-Water Drop

C th kim tra mt cch chnh xc hng dng chy ca mt git nc t mt v tr bt k trn b mt. S dng cng c Water-Drop trong menu Surfaces\ Untilities\ Water-Drop
Hiu chnh b mt Edit Surface

Edit Operation Add points Delete points Modify points Move point Add line Delete line Swap edge Minimize flat areas Smooth surface Paste surface Raise/Lower surface Simplify surface TIN Surface- Grid Surface- ngha Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No No Yes No No No No Yes No Nng/h cao ton mt Lm n gin b mt
iu c v cha c:
Cha i sau vo tm hiu cc kiu b mt: Grid surface, Grid volume surface. Cha tm hiu ngha biu tng Masks. Cha lm vic vi DEM Files. ( lm ri) Cha tm hiu nhiu v xut cc bng khi lm vic vi Surface.
CHNG 6: ALIGNMENT
CHNG 6: ALIGNMENT
Alignment c trng cho cc ng nh tim tuyn, mp ng, di t bn ng, va h Mt cng vic thng xuyn v u tin l vch tim tuyn bng Alignment.
Cc vn cn gii quyt
To v hiu chnh Alignment thng thng: o Chn nh Xa nh o Hiu chnh yu t cong o Kim tra yu t cong theo tiu chun o Kim tra tm nhn cho Alignment
Qu trnh to Alignments
Create an alignment from a polyline, use the alignment layout tools, import an alignment using LandXML, or create alignment references using either data shortcuts or Autodesk Vault. Tao mt Alignment t mt ng Polyline, s dng Alignment Layout Tools, nhp mt Alignment s dng LandXML, hoc to Alignment s dng lin kt vi cc d liu tt khc hoc Autodesk Vault. Create an alignment using any of the following: To mt Alignment s dng mt trong cc cch sau:
Create an alignment from a polyline.
To mt Alignment t mt ng Polyline Create an alignment using either the tangent-tangent or constraint-based commands in the Alignment Layout Tools. The tangent-tangent commands are useful for simple road design, or preliminary layout work. The constraint-based commands are useful for intricate design work, where certain corridor constraints must be maintained.
To mt Alignment s dng Alignment Layout Tools Import an alignment from an XML file. You can assign styles to the alignment after you import it.
CHNG 6: ALIGNMENT
Nhp mt Alignment t mt file XML. Ta c th n nh kiu Styles cho Alignment sau khi ta nhp n. Create alignment references using either data shortcuts or an Autodesk Vault project.
To Alignment s dng lin kt d liu tt khc hoc vi Autodesk Vault thng nht trong vic s dng thut ng, y hng dn lm vic vi Alignment tng ng vi lm vic vi tim tuyn ng. Sau khi hiu cch thc lm vic vi Alignment ta c th to Alignment theo ngha ca tng cng vic.
To Alignment bng Alignment Layout Tools

- Chn menu Alignment\ Create By Layout... Trong hp thoi Create Alignment-Layout thc hin mt s thao tc c bn nh: + t tn cho tim tuyn chun b thit k (name). + M t Alignment
+ Chn kiu hin th tim tuyn, layer
- Trong thanh Alignment Layout Tools
S dng cc biu tng khi mun lm cc thao tc: S dng biu tng ny bt u tin hnh vch tuyn. Trong gm cc biu tng: : Vch tuyn khng km theo b tr ng cong nm. : Tangent-Tangent(With curve) Vch tuyn km theo b tr ng cong nm.
CHNG 6: ALIGNMENT
: La chn bn knh, dng ca ng cong nm v chiu di ng cong chuyn tip nu cn trong hp thoi Curve and Spiral Settings. : Biu tng ny s chn thm mt nh mi cho tuyn (k hiu l im PI). : Xo nh (im PI) trong Alignment.
: Hiu chnh s liu ca tuyn trong hp thoi Panorama.
Ta c th to tim tuyn vi Alignment bng vic kt hp song song qu trnh to cnh tuyn v b tr ng cong nm hoc to cnh tuyn trc ri b tr ng cong nm sau vi 2 biu tng v gii thch trn.
ng cong nm c th l ng cong trn hoc ng cong chuyn tip ph thuc vo tu chn trong hp thoi Curve and Spiral Settings.
CHNG 6: ALIGNMENT
Trong AutoCAD Civil 3D 2009, cc dng ng cong chuyn tip bao gm: Bi-Quadratic Bloss Clothoid Cubic (JP) Cubic Parabola Sine Half-Wave Diminishing Tangent Sinusoidal Curves Chn li biu tng - Tangent-Tangent(With curve) tin hnh vch tim tuyn song song vi vic b tr ng cong (bng) chuyn tip. Trong hp lnh Command yu cu chn cc nh ca tuyn, chn vo cc nh ca tuyn nh du sn hoc im bt k trn bn v ly v d. To on cong trn cng vi phn chuyn tip t mt on Alignment thng - To add a floating curve with a spiral (from entity, radius, length) off a line. Chn menu Alignment\ chn mc Edit Alignment Geometry. Trn thanh Layout Tools chn Adding Floating Curves with Spirals (from entity, radius, length) Chn vo on Alignment thng. Nhp bn knh cho on cong trn Nhp chiu di ng cong chuyn tip hoc thng s A
CHNG 6: ALIGNMENT
Chn hng ca on cong, Clockwise thun chiu kin ng h; cOunterclockwise ngc chiu kim ng h. Chn chiu di on cong trn.
To Alignment bng ng Polyline

Cc bc thc hin nh sau: To mt ng Polyline bnh thng T menu Alignment, chn Create from Polylines Chn vo ng Polyline mun to thnh Alignment
Sau khi c mt Alignment to t Polyline, to ng cong nm ta tin hnh trn thanh cng c Alignment Layout Tools nh bnh thng.
To Alignment bng cch Import XML file.

Cng vic ny rt c ch cho cng tc nng cp thit k tuyn c. Khi nhp file Xml cho mt Alignment, file ny cha y thng tin v v tr (site), cc ga tr di tuyn, bn knh, di on chuyn tip ng cong nm Thc hin nhp file nh sau: T menu File, chn Import, chn Import LandXML trong hp thoi Import LandXML chn file cn nhp. Tuyn sau khi thit k ty thuc vo la chn ban u v layer, style, label set trong hp thoi Create Alignment-Layout, m c dnh hin th khc nhau trn bn v. Kh nng ty bin cc la chn cho tim tuyn trong Autodesk Civil 3D l cao, ta c th quan st r rng tng thnh phn ca tim tuyn: Cnh tuyn, on cong chuyn tip, ng cong trn, cc, l trnh
CHNG 6: ALIGNMENT
Hiu chnh li tuyn

Sau khi to xong mt Alignment ta c th hiu chnh li cc kch thc hnh hc ca n (bn knh ng cong trn, cnh tuyn ) trn thanh Alignment Layout Tools bng cch + Chn Edit Alignment Geometry trong menu Alignment, chn vo Alignment cn hiu chnh. Hoc + Kch chut phi vo Alignment cn hiu chnh v chn Edit Alignment Geometry
Xem xt cc thit lp ca Alignment Hiu chnh Settings ca Alignment.

- Ta c th thay i cc kiu hin th ng tim tuyn va thit k bng cch thay i cc thit t hin hnh ang s dng cho n trong th Setting trn thanh Toolpace. Alignment Styles: Kiu dng th hin tng thnh phn ca ng tim tuyn. Ta c th dng Alignment Styles iu khin s hin th ca tng thnh phn trn ng tim tuyn thit k trn a hnh. Label styles: Cc kiu ghi ch cho cc thnh phn trn tuyn, v d nh ghi l trnh cc, ng cong. Table Styles : nh kiu cho cc hin th nh tn cc, im ni u, ni cui trong ng cong. Commands : Bao hm cc thit lp cho cc mc nh trong qu trnh thc hin vic to tim tuyn, th hin trong hp thoi Create Alignment - Layout.
CHNG 6: ALIGNMENT
ng dng thay i Settings hiu chnh hin th ca cc Label trn Alignment. Trn Alignment th hin cc v tr sau: Major Station: l cc Station chnh, cch nhau mt khong c nh. Minor Station: l cc Station ph, nm xen gia cc Major Station. Geometry Point: Cc nh c s thay i hnh hc ca tuyn (tip u, tip cui, ni u, ni cui ) Profile Geometry Point: ??? Station Equation: ??? Design Speed: Cc im c s thay i vn tc thit k.
Ta c th vo th Settings trong thanh cng c Toolspace v hiu chnh Lable Styles ca cc Station ang c s dng, hoc kch chut phi vo Alignment chn Edit Alignment Labels v hiu chnh trong hp thoi Alignment Lables. d hiu hn ta s lm mt v d vi cc Major Station v Minor Station:
CHNG 6: ALIGNMENT
Khong cc ca cc Major Station thng ly l 100 tng t nh cc cc H trong cc bn v thit k ng ca ta. - M bn v Corridor-1a.dwg trong AutoCAD Civil 3D 2009\ Help\ Civil 3D Tutorials\ Drawings trong th mc ci t. - Kch chut phi vo Alignment chnh gia c tn l Centerline (1), chn Edit Alignment Labels, xut hin hp thoi Alignment Labels-Centerline (1):
CHNG 6: ALIGNMENT
THIT K K THUT TUYN

Li ni u
Tiu chun tnh ton siu cao v m rng bng ly theo AASHTO 2001 Green book tuy nhin vn p dng tiu chun ca Vit Nam trong thit k vi Civil 3D l hon ton n gin. Vic ny s lm r trong qu trnh thit k siu cao v ni m rng bng trong ng cong.
Thit k siu cao.

Cc phng php p siu cao tu thuc vo Corridor Type (kiu Corridor) v Cross Section Shape (hnh dng mt ct ngang). thit k siu cao, sau khi to xong Alignment tin hnh lm vic trn hp thoi Alignment Properties: - Kch chut phi vo Alignment cn thit k siu cao, chn Alignment properties - Trc ht cn phi la chn vn tc thit k ca ton tuyn hay tng on, trong th Design Speeds:
CHNG 6: ALIGNMENT
- Tip theo vo th Superelevation la chn tiu chun v cc thng s c bn ca mt ct ngang thit k siu cao:
CHNG 6: ALIGNMENT
Chn vo biu tng
(set superelevation properties), xut hin hp thoi:
CHNG 6: ALIGNMENT
AutoCAD Civil 3D c sn mt hai file tiu chun h tr thit k siu cao, tnh ton cc im thay i siu cao theo tiu chun AASHTO mi 2001. Mt file s dng n v ly theo h thng o lng Anh, mt file dng h n v mt. Vn tc: MilesPerHour dm/h (mph) 1 dm = 1,609344 km; 1 mph = 1,609344 kph di: Foot (ft), 1 ft = 0,3048 m Din tch: SquareFoot - Foot2 (ft2) Khi lng: cubicYard Yard3 (lat3), 1 lat = 0,914 m Cc im thay i siu cao c mc nh trong Civil nh sau:
Cc k hiu ny nh ngha sn trong hp thoi Drawing Settings, v c th thay i c. Xem xt cc la trng trong hp thoi Superelevation Specification. File tiu chun AASHTO cho AutoCAD Civil 3D s dng 2 phng php thit k l AASHTO 2001 - Crowned Roadway v Undivided Planar Roadway - AASHTO 2001 - Crowned Roadway: p dng cho dng ng khng c gii phn cch, nng siu cao thng thng quanh tim ng:
CHNG 6: ALIGNMENT
Cng thc tnh ton trong file:

<SuperelevationAttainmentMethod name="AASHTO 2001 - Crowned Roadway"> <AttainmentStyle style="Standard"/> <TransitionFormula type="LCtoFS" formula="{t}"/> <TransitionFormula type="LCtoBC" formula ="2.0*{t}/3.0"/> <TransitionFormula type="NCtoLC" formula ="{t}*{c}/{e}"/> <TransitionFormula type="LCtoRC" formula ="{t}*{c}/{e}"/> <TransitionFormula type="NStoNC" formula ="{t}*({s}-{c})/{e}"> <SuperelevationAttainmentMethod>
Trong : - LCtoFS: Level Crown point to Full Super point (runoff) - LCtoRC: Level Crown point to Reverse Crown point - LCtoBC: Level Crown point to Beginning of Curve - NCtoLC: Normal Crown point to Level Crown point (runout) -NStoNC: Normal Shoulder point to Normal Crown point (used for the Breakover Removal method of superelevated shoulders) - Gi tr c: dc mi ng (thng thng bng 2%), c nh ngha trong hp thoi Superelevation Properties. - Gi tr e: Siu cao y ca tuyn (%) - Gi tr s: dc ca vai ng, c nh ngha trong hp thoi Superelevation Properties. - Gi tr t: c tnh nh di.
CHNG 6: ALIGNMENT
Tnh ton gi tr t: Superelevation Runoff (t)
Lr = (w)(n)(e)(b)/ = t = LCtoFS Lr = minimum length of superelevation runoff (ft) - Chiu di nh nht ca on ni siu cao n = number of lanes rotated S ln quay siu cao, gi tr ny ly bng mt na gi tr ca Transition Length Table b = adjustment factor for number of lanes rotated (Table 4-3) H s hiu chnh s ln quay siu cao (xem bng 4-3). w = width of one traffic lane (ft)- B rng ca mt ln e = design superelevation rate (%) Siu cao y ca tuyn = maximum relative gradient, percent (Table 4-2) Gi tr ly theo bng 4-2 Tangent Lt Lt Lr eNC e = Runout
(Lr) (eNC)/e =w.n.eNC.b/ = NCtoLC = minimum length of tangent runout (ft) = minimum length of superelevation runoff (ft) = normal cross slope rate (%) = design superelevation rate Table 4-2 Maximum Relative Gradient Design Speed (mph)
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
Maximum Relative 0.70 Gradient
0.66
0.62
0.58
0.54
0.50
0.47
0.45
0.43
0.40
Table 4-3 Adjustment Factor for Number of Lanes Rotated Number of Lanes Rotated (n) 1 Adjustment Factor (b) 1.00
CHNG 6: ALIGNMENT
1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 0.83 0.75 0.70 0.67 0.64
- Undivided Planar Roadway: p dng cho ng khng c gii phn cch nhng khng c nh (khng c khum - Crown), quay siu cao khng theo cch thng thng.
Cng thc tnh ton trong file:

<SuperelevationAttainmentMethod name="Undivided Planar Roadway"> <TransitionStyle style="Planar"/> <Continuing> <TransitionFormula type="NCtoFS" formula="{t}-{t}*{c}/{e}"/> <TransitionFormula type="NCtoBC" formula="{t}*(0.67-{c}/{e})"/> </Continuing> <Opposing> <TransitionFormula type="LCtoFS" formula="{t}"/> <TransitionFormula type="LCtoBC" formula="0.67*{t}"/> <TransitionFormula type="NCtoLC" formula="{t}*{c}/{e}"/>
CHNG 6: ALIGNMENT
</Opposing> <SuperelevationAttainmentMethod>
Cc gi tr ly ging nh trn. V d tnh siu cao quanh mp gii phn cch gia cho ng 4 ln:
Chn cc thng s tnh ton siu cao nh trong hp thoi Superelevation Specification:
CHNG 6: ALIGNMENT
Chng trnh s tnh cc v tr thay i siu cao tuy nhin ty vic thit k mt ct nganng (Assembly) m c s t ng hon ton trong tnh ton hoc ta s cn hiu chnh thm i cht, v d y thit k mt ct c cc thng s nh sau:
Gii phn cch gia dng MedianDepressedShoulderExt, thuc tnh Centerline Pivot? (tm quay) chn Pivot about inside edges-of-traveled-ways. Hai ln trong dng LaneInsideSuper c thuc tnh dc ngang mc nh Default %Slope l 2% trong khi chng trnh thng nhn mc nh gi tr ny l -2%. Khi trong th Superelevation hp thoi Alignment Properties cn c cc hiu chnh cho ph hp, y l b tr li dc ngang ca thnh phn LaneInsideSuper:
CHNG 6: ALIGNMENT
Thit k m rng bng trong ng cong

Trong thit k m dng bng, chng trnh cung cp mu mt ct ngang l LaneOutsideSuperWithWidening, ta c th xem cc thuc tnh ca n trong Help. Nu v tr hin ti nm trong vng siu cao, th gi tr b rng ln c tnh nh sau: Width = Default Width + Pavement Widening B rng = B rng thng thng + m rng mt ng (PW)
CHNG 6: ALIGNMENT
C th l : PW = y l cng thc tnh ng theo s t chuyn ng trong ng cong (theo sch TK yu t hnh hc ng t thy Nguyn Quang Phc) Tuy nhin trong sch lm trn mt vi s hng v li thm h s lc ngang ca xe, cn cng thc y khng lm trn nn kt qu ca 2 cng thc c th chp nhn c l nh nhau. D nhin ta cng c th thay i cng thc trn theo mt cng thc khc ty . n = Number of lanes (S ln) R = Radius of the alignment at full superelevation (bn knh ca Alignment ti v tr siu cao y ) L = Length of wheelbase including the front overhang (bng khong cch ga 2 trc bnh xe k c phn nh ra ca xe pha trc-t u xe ti trc sau ca xe) Wheelbase: khong cch gia 2 trc ca xe.
Mt vi ch
Thay i cc v tr quay siu cao Trong thit k siu cao ta c th thay i cc gi tr trong hp thoi Aignment Properties c th thit k siu cao cho cc trng hp c bit khc.
CHNG 6: ALIGNMENT
Khi thay i k c gi tr siu cao v gi tr cc on vut ni th bnh tuyn cng t ng c cp nhp. y l mt tnh m, khi vic thit k siu cao khng b p buc theo bt k mt tiu chun no, m s theo ngi thit k. Gi nguyn l khi quay siu cao Xem gi tr Outside Shoulder Superelevation Method: Default slopes: gi nguyn dc l Match land slopes: quay theo siu cao Breakover removal: cc phn trn l quay siu cao khc nhau (l t v phn gia c)
M rng bng theo tiu chun Vit Nam Xem xt Code khi to Catalog Landoside
Dim dMaximumWideningWidth As Double Set superData = oAlignment.SuperelevationData If superData.Count > 0 Then Dim oArc As IAeccAlignmentArc
CHNG 6: ALIGNMENT
Set oArc = oAlignment.entities(oAlignment.entities.Count - 1) Dim dR As Double dR = oArc.Radius dMaximumWideningWidth = vNumberOfTravelLanes * (dR - Sqr(dR * dR - vWheelbaseLength * vWheelbaseLength)) For Each superElem In superData If superElem.TransPointType = aeccSuperEndNormalCrown Then endNormalCrown = superElem.RawStation If superElem.TransPointType = aeccSuperBeginFullSuper Then beginFullSuper = superElem.RawStation If superElem.TransPointType = aeccSuperEndFullSuper Then endFullSuper = superElem.RawStation If superElem.TransPointType = aeccSuperBeginNormalCrown Then beginNormalCrown = superElem.RawStation Next If cStation < beginFullSuper And cStation > endNormalCrown Then deltaWidth = ((cStation - endNormalCrown) / (beginFullSuper - endNormalCrown)) * dMaximumWideningWidth ElseIf cStation >= beginFullSuper And cStation <= endFullSuper Then deltaWidth = dMaximumWideningWidth ElseIf cStation > endFullSuper And cStation < beginNormalCrown Then deltaWidth = (1 - ((cStation - endFullSuper) / (beginNormalCrown - endFullSuper))) * dMaximumWideningWidth End If vWidth = vWidth + deltaWidth End If
Nh vy iu thay i tnh ton m rng ng cng thc theo tiu chun VN l rt n gin.
CHNG 7: PROFILE TRC DC

Bao gm nhm i tng trong trc dc nh trc dc t nhin, trc dc thit k (ng ) Trc dc sau khi thit k c lu tr trong th Prospector trn thanh Toolspace nh sau: Site\ Alignments\ Design Alignment name\ Profile Profile view.
Ty bin hin th trc dc

Lm vic vi nhm Profile v Profile View trong th Settings thanh Toolspace.
V d hiu chnh mt trc dc
Trc dc ban u khi cha hiu chnh
Hiu chnh li Kch chut phi vo li ca trc dc v chn Edit profile view style. Dng th Display bt tt li v cc lable
Th Graph: hiu chnh t l cao :
Hiu chnh li trc dc t nhin
Kch chut phi vo trc dc t nhin v chn Edit Profile Style v Edit Labels tin hnh hiu chnh kiu hin th ca trc dc, ta c kt qu nh sau:
Hiu chnh ng :
Hiu chnh cc thanh d liu trc dc
V d nh hnh trn, d liu ca Vertical Geometry ang l hnh chiu ca trc dc t nhin, ta s chuyn sang ly d lu ca ng : Vo hp thoi Profile View Properties\ th Bands Trong hng Vertical Geometry, chuyn Profile1 t tn trc dc t nhin sang ng (V2)
Cng trong d liu Vertical Geometry, cho hin th chiu di cnh ng v dc. Kiu d liu Vertical Geometry ang s dng l Geometry, ta hiu chnh li kiu hin th ny nh sau: Tm n kiu Geometry ang dng trong th Setting trn thanh Toolspace hoc chn lun trong hp thoi Profile View Properties\ th Bands
Kt qu:
CHNG 8: ASSEMBLIES & SUBASSEMBLY

Assembly c hiu nh mt mt ct ngang mu, nu trong phn mm thit k ng Vit Nam ang s dng nhiu nht nh Nova, ta khai bo kch thc thnh phn trong mt bng no th cng tng t nh vy, AutoCAD Civil 3D cho php khai bo kch thc cc b phn cu thnh mt trc ngang (Subassembly) v a trc tip mu trc ngang ra bn v. Mt Assembly to bi nhiu Subassembly, cc Subassembly mu trong th vin ca phn mm nm ngay trong thanh cng c Tool Palettes nh hnh di y. hin th thanh cng c ny ta n t hp phm (Ctrl+3).
Hnh 8.1: Thanh cng c Tool Palettes.
Gh : Kch chut phi vo sn thanh cng c (v tr 1) v kim tra th vin mnh ang s dng c ng h n v ang dng khng (v d ta dng h mt th th vin dng phi l Civil 3D Metric Subassemblies).

Kch chut tri hoc phi vo v tr th hai xem c nhiu hn cc nhm thnh phn trc ngang, c th nh sau: o Nhm Assemblies Metric: cha cc mt cc ngang mu to sn. o Nhm Basic: cha cc thnh phn cho mt dng ng n gin (ln ng mt lp, taluy o p n gin, l ng, va h ) o Nhm Lanes: cha cc dng khc nhau cho thnh phn ln xe chy. o Nhm Shoulders: cha cc dng khc nhau v l ng. o Nhm Medians: cha cc dng khc nhau v gii phn cch. o Nhm Curbs: cha cc i tng dng trong ng th. o Nhm Daylight: cha cc dng khc nhau cho thit k taluy. o Nhm Generic: ty bin. o Conditional: Mt dng h tr thit k cc thnh phn trc ngang theo cc iu kin t trc, t kim tra iu kin p thit k ng thc t (v d, nu p <0,5m v >20m th s dng dng taluy c bit no ). o Trench Pipes: cc i tng v knh, rnh o Retaining Walls: cc i tng k, p, tng chn o Rehab: cc thnh phn thit k ng nng cp. o Bridge and Rail: cc thnh phn trc ngang l cu hay mt ct ngang dng cho ng st. hiu k hn mt b phn no , kch chut phi vo b phn v chn Help, iu ny rt quan trng gip ta hiu hn cu to, kch thc mt b phn sp s dng (mt Subassembly).
Cu to mt Subassembly
Cu to mt Subassebly gm cc im, ng v khi nh hnh di y:

Hnh 8.2: Cu to mt Subassembly.
Cc im: P1, P2, Cc ng: L1, L2, Cc khi: S1, S2, .
Cc ng, im v khi u c m (hay l Code) s dng to m hnh 3D ca tuyn ng thit k. Sau ny cc Code ny c dng l d liu to nn m hnh mt bng ca tuyn nh mt thit k, mt o p nn ng , cng nh phc v vic tnh ton khi lng, v d: cc ng L1 c Code l Top, sau ny c dng to mt thit k (mt hon thin thit k) xem Chng 2 phn To cc mt sau thit k.
To mt Assembly
To mt Assembly t cc Subassembly sn c trong Tool Palettes.
to mt Assembly ta lm mt trong cc cch nh sau: Trn menu Corridor, chn Create Assembly Thanh thanh Ribbon, th Home, khung Create Design, chn biu tng
Trong hp thoi Create Assembly hin ra, t tn cho mt ct ngang mu ca mnh, chn Ok ri kch ra mt im ngoi bn v chn trc i xng ca mt ct ngang mu.
Hnh 8.3: hp thoi Create Assembly v trc i xng ca mt ct ngang mu.
Tip tc to thm cc b phn trong mt ct ngang: ln ng, l, taluy bng cch chn trong thanh Tool Palettes, cch thit k xem li trong Chng 2.
To mt Subassembly t ng Polyline
Cc thnh phn bt k trong mt ct ngang (tr taluy) u c th t nh ngha bng mt ng Polyline bt k. V d nh hnh hai b phn trc ngang l mt xe chy v rnh bng ng Polyline nh sau:
Hnh 8.4: nh hnh trc Subassembly bng ng Polyline.
Dng lnh Create Subassembly from Polyline: Menu: Corridor/ Create Subassembly from Polyline. Thanh Ribbon: Home/ Create Design/ Create Subassembly from Polyline.

Chn vo cc ng Polyline v t tn s dng theo mong mun nh v d trong hp thoi:
Hnh 8.5: Hp thoi Create Subassembly by Polyline.
Cc tc v vi mt Subassembly c to bi mt ng Polyline: Sau khi khi to xong n thun mt Subassembly bng Polyline ta s c mt i tng c bn nh sau:
Hnh 8.6: Subassembly va to cha hon chnh.
Kch chn vo i tng Subassembly ny, cc tc v vi n c hin th ngay trn thanh Ribbon nh sau:

Hnh 8.7: Cc tc v vi Subassembly to t Polyline.
Add Code: to code cho cc thnh phn ng, im v khi ca Subassembly va to t Polyline, thao tc theo dng nhc Command. V d bn chn Add Code v chn vo Subassembly va to, dng Command nhc nh sau: o Enter code: t tn code. o Select a subassembly point/link/shape: Chn vo i tng im, ng hoc khi chn code va t tn trn. Gi d nu chn vo ng (link) trn cng, ng ny s c thay i mu sc khc i v khi to mt thit k nh trong Chng 2, phn To mt sau thit k ta s thy tn Code mnh va t nm trong danh sch Code chn - (3) Hnh 2.40. Cc ng c Code khc nhau mu s khc nhau.
Add Shape: To khi khi ta chn cc ng (link) bao kn khi . Modify Origin: Thay i v tr im trn ca Subassenbly vo trc ngang (v d im trn cho mt xe chy phi l v tr tri trn, mt xe chy tri l v tr phi trn). Remove Code: Xa Code. Remove Shape: Xa khi. Subassembly Properties: xem thuc tnh cc i tng ca Subassembly Mirror: to mi mt i tng t vic ly i xng i tng c chn. Add to Assembly: Chn Subassembly va to vo trc ngang.
Sau khi to hon chnh th mt cc Subassembly s c dng nh hnh v d di y:
Hnh 8.8: V d Subassembly hon chnh to t Polyline.
Cc nt mu xanh l v tr chn ng cho cc i tng bn tri v bn phi.

Chn Subassembly va to vo trc ngang. chn Subassembly va to vo trc ngang hay vo mt Subassembly no c sn trn trc ngang ta chn tc v Add to Assembly ni phn trn, sau chn im chn nh chn cc Subassembly thng thng.
CHNG 9: CORRIDOR - M HNH MT BNG TUYN

Corridor c hiu nh m hnh 3D tuyn ng, c to bi cc mt bng tuyn (Alignments), ng (Profile Design), v cc trc ngang mu (Assemblies).
Chi tit c trng mt Corridor

Mt Corridor n gin nht gm mt Alignment, mt Profile, mt Assembly. Ta thao tc nh sau: Menu: Corridor/ Create Corridor Ribbon: Home/ Create Design/ Corridor/ Create Corridor
Ch : Xem li Chng 2/ To m hnh tuyn. Hp thoi
View/ Edit Corridor Section

Corridor Section l mt ct corridor ti cc v tr chn Assembly, c khai bo khi to Corridor trong hp thoi Frequency to Apply Assemblies:
Chc nng ny cho ta xem xt cc mt ct v hiu chnh ring Assembly ti mt ct , tng ng vi cng vic hiu chnh mt mt ct ngang c bit.
Viewing and Editing the Divided Highway Corridor

Phn ny lu khng ng n nn khng nh mc ch cho lm. Phn ny ta s tm hiu cch thc hin th tm thi m hnh Corridor v hiu chnh chng. -
Xem li cc v tr thay i siu cao:
1. With the corridor selected, right-kch. Kch Object Viewer. Use the Object Viewer to view, rotate, and orbit the corridor. When you are finished, press Esc to close the viewer.
- Kch chut phi vo Corridor v c -k

2. Kch Corridors menu View/Edit Corridor Section. 3. Press Enter and kch Divided Highway from the Select A Corridor dialog box. 4. Use the View/Edit Corridor Section Tools to view the corridor sections at each corridor station by kching dropdown list. (previous) and (next), and by selecting stations from the
>
Notice how the sections behave in different cut and fill situations, and in the superelevation transitions. For example, at station 4+50 the road is in a shallow cut on one side and deep cut on the other. The criteria set for the DaylightStandard subassembly caused it to use a 6:1 slope on the left side, and a 4:1 slope on the right side. 5. View the sections in full superelevation (6+50 to 12+25). Using the Centerline Pivot option on the depressed median subassembly causes the lanes and shoulders to superelevate about a point above the centerline ditch. A straight edge laid against the lane surfaces would pass through the profile grade point. 6. Close the View/Edit Corridor Section Tools when finished.
7. In the drawing, zoom in to the assembly so that its subassemblies are visible. 8. On the Prospector tab, under drawing Corridor-3b, expand the Assemblies collection. Right-kch Assembly - (1). Kch Properties. The Assembly Properties dialog box is displayed. 9. Kch the Construction tab. Kch MedianDepressedShoulderExt under Group - (1) in the item tree. The list of parameter names and values for the subassembly are displayed. 10. Kch the Default Input Value column for Centerline Pivot. Set it to Pivot about inside edge-of-traveled-way. 11. Kch OK. 12. On the Prospector tab, expand the Corridors collection, right-kch the corridor Divided Highway. Kch Rebuild to update the corridor model. 13. Kch Corridors menu View/Edit Corridor Section. 14. View a corridor section in the full superelevation region (stations 6+25 through 12+25). Notice that the profile grade is held at the inside edges-of-traveled-ways and the lanes and shoulders pivot about this point.
Creating Corridor Surface

- To cc mt Corridor-(1) Top v Corridor-(1) Datum nh trong Help Tutorials - Xem xt cao cc mt ti v tr STA=6+00
Cao gia Top v Datum chnh nhau khong 1,5, xem xt Asembly properties:
Chiu sau cc lp l 0,083 = 0,0253m = 2,53 cm
B mt Corridor-(1) Top l b mt trn cng ca mt ung , bt u t 2 mp ta luy tri phi, bao gm c cc lp mt ng. B mt Corridor-(1) Datum l b mt di cng, cng to t 2 mp ta luy tri phi, b mt ny c trng nh nn ng pha di cc lp o ng. S chnh lch gia 2 b mt ny s i din cho khi lng vt liu chung cn cho cc lp o ng. V hin nhin n s l khi lng p c hin th trong thanh Panorama tnh ton khi lng.
Din tch mt ct ngang LaneOutsideSuper: 2x24x1.5 = 72 Din tch mt ct ngang 2x(11x1.5)= 33 Din tch mt ct ngang 2x(24x1.5)= 72 Tng = 177
1729.0486*177=
Rendering Corridors
CHNG 10: PIPE NETWORK H THNG NG NG

Vi AutoCAD Civil 3D ta c th thit k hon chnh mt mng li ng ng th hin trn c trn mt bng, trc dc v trn cc mt ct ngang. Cc i tng chnh l cc dng ng ng - Pipe v cc dng kt cu nh h thu, ca x - Structure. Nhng i tng ny c th t to hoc s dng cc mu c sn ca chng trnh theo hai h n v Metric v Imperial.
Cc i tng chnh trong mt Pipe Network

Pipe network mt mng bao gm cc b phn ng ng v kt cu cng trnh km theo. Pipe i tng ng ng. Structure i tng kt cu cng trnh km theo nh h thu, ca x. Null structure l i tng c bit ca i tng Structure c a vo mng ng ng khi ta u mt ng ng trc tip vo mt ng ng khc, m khng c kt cu no gi hai ng ng. Ging nh cc kiu khc ca i tng structure, tn ca i tng ny khng hin trn thanh cng c Prospector nhng li hin trong danh sch Prospector List View. Ta c th gn mt kiu no cho cc i tng Null structure tuy nhin chng khng th nhn thy c trong bn v. Part Catalog kho mu i tng v Pipe v Structure c nh ngha sn trong chng trnh, bao gm dng hnh hc ca Pipe v Structure, cc kch thc. Parts List Mi Parts List cha mt nhm cc dng i tng Pipe v Structure c lc ra t Part Catalog.
Tm hiu cc mu sn trong Part Catalog

Cc mu Pipe
Cc dng mu cho ng (pipe) c chng trnh xy dng sn gm c: Dng Hnh hc Circular Egg-Shaped Vt liu Concrete Ductile Iron PVC Concrete Concrete Elliptical M t ng b tng hnh trn ng thp hnh trn ng nha PVC hnh trn Cng bt tng hnh trng Cng b tng hnh ellip Cng b tng hnh ellip vt bng nh: Pipe Elliptical Concrete Horizontal
Hnh 11.3: Concrete Horizontal Elliptical Concrete Culvert SI
Rectangular
Concrete Box
Cng hp b tng hnh ch nht
Cc mu Structure
Cc mu kt cu km theo c chng trnh to sn gm c: Dng Inlet-Outlet Ca x - ca thu Rectangular Hnh hc Vt liu Concrete Variable Height Concrete Slab Top Circular Frame Rectangular Slab Top Rectangular Frame Two-Tier Circular Frame Slab Top Circular Frame Concentric Cylindrical Eccentric Eccentric TwoTier Circular Frame Junction without Frames Rectangular Cylindrical Rectangular Concentric Cylindrical M t
Junction with Frames
To mi mt Parts Lits:
Chn th Settings trn thanh Toolspace, m rng cy th mc Pipe Network, kch chut phi vo Parts Lists chn Create Parts List Trong hp thoi Network Parts List New Parts List, lm vic chnh vi hai th l Pipe v Structure:
Hnh 11.1 Network Parts List to mi mt Parts List.
Trong th Pipe ca hp thoi Network Parts List nh trn hnh 11.1, kch chut phi vo New parts list chn Add part family, xut hin hp thoi Part Catalog nh sau:
Trong hp thoi hin ra, s dng cc mu ng (pipe) no ta tch vo mu nh trong hnh v chn OK.

Lc ny cc mu c chn s nm trong hp thoi Network Pipe List ti hai th Pipe v Structure, ta kch chut phi vo mu v chn Add Part Size la chn kch thc cho mu.
Cc thng s kch thc ca Pipe

Kch thc cho mt mu Pipe gm c:
Gii thch ngha:

Wall Thickness Inner Pipe Diameter Cross Sectional Shape Minimum Curve Radius Manning Coefficient Hazen Williams Coefficient Darcy Weisbach Factor Material
Chiu dy thnh ng ng knh trong ca ng Hnh dng mt ct ngang H s nhm, thng ly bng 0,012 cho ng b tng H s Hazen Williams Vt liu
Cc thng s kch thc ca Structure

Kch thc cho mt mu Structure gm c;
Gii thch ngha Ta c th hiu ngha ca cc thng s ny thng qua hnh minh ha di y:

Thng s
Wall Thickness Vertical Pipe Clearance Structure Shape Structure Height Structure Diameter Rim to Sump Height Material Inner Structure Diameter Grate Frame Height Frame Diameter Frame Floor Thickness Cover Cone Height Barrel Pipe Clearance
Hnh m t
Ch :
Chn Add all sizes s dng ton b kch thc ca mu c nh trong Catalog.

i vi nhng Structure khc nhau, hnh dng khc nhau, s c thng s khng c v lc n b n gi tr kch thc i. Trong mt mu Pipe v Structure, cc kch thc no c c nh cng s b n i v ta khng th thay i c chng.
Thit k mng ng ng Pipe network

Cc vn chnh quan tm trong qu trnh thit k mng ng ng bao gm cc vn sau y: Kch thc ca cc b phn trong mng ng ng. Thit k mt bng mng ng ng cch thc thit k mng ng ng bm theo tuyn, thit k cc on thng, thit k cc on cong ca ng ng. Thit k chiu ng ca mng ng ng: o Cao t nh kt cu (structure) h ga, ca x o su chn u v cui on ng (pipe), dc dc on ng.
Part Rules Cc bc thit k Pipe network:

Khi thit k Pipe NetWork c th tri qua cc bc cn bn sau y: To Surface v Alignment Nn to trc Surface v Alignment v mng ng ng c th c gn vo mt Surface v mt Alignment no khi thit k cao v mt bng To cc kiu hin th cho Pipe, Structure trong mt bng, trc dc v trc ngang To Part List v cc mu ring t Part Builder nu cn thit, to Part Rules To Pipe Network trn mt bng Menu Pipe/Create Pipe Network o By Layout o From Object Chn lin kt vi Surface v Alignment Chn Part List Chn Style v Lable
Kim tra phm vi nh hng giao ct (Checking for Intereferences) Trn mt bng ti nhng v tr c b phn ca mng giao ct nhau cn phi kim tra v khong cch cho php gia cc b phn

Thit k hnh chiu ng ca Pipe Network Thit k cao ca cc b phn, dc thit k ca Pipe p Part Rules cho cc b phn ca mng To nhn, bng thng k cc b phn a Pipe Network ra cc trc ngang khi bm theo Alignment
V d thit k Pipe Network trn mt bng

C th s dng hai cng c thit k Khi dng thanh cng c layout tool thit k, vo Network Properties t tn cho Structure v Pipe, sau ny xut Label s khng phi chnh li nhiu.
Thm i tng vo mng
Tm hiu Part Builder

Part Builder c chc nng thit k nh hnh mt b phn no trong mng ng ng v c th lu tr nh mt thnh phn trong AutoCAD Civil 3D Part Catalog, tc l khi to mt mu v c th dng li bt c khi no.
Tng quan v Part Builder Placement Points

Use the Autolayout Data option to define the part placement point in the drawing. S dng cc la chn Autolayout Data xc nh v tr ca i tng c chn trong bn v. After finalizing the part model, you need to define the placement point for the part to ensure that it can be placed correctly in a drawing. The Autolayout Data option in the part browser controls how placement points can be defined. When you enable this option, an Autolayout Data folder is available in the part browser that includes commands for adding placement points. This is done by selecting a fixed point in the model. This point must be in the z = 0 plane. By choosing a fixed point, the parametric model will retain this position as it is dynamically sized.
The placement point is the insertion point used to place the part in a drawing. You simply specify a point in your model for the placement point.
CHNG 11: CROSS SECTION & VOLUMES
CHNG 11: CROSS SECTIONS & VOLUNMES MT CT NGANG V KHI LNG

Cng vi mt thit k trc ngang(Assembly) Sections quy nh b rng hin th phi cnh ca a hnh sau khi p thit k trc ngang cho tuyn.
Hiu chnh bng trc ngang trong Civil 3D

Section View Properties:

Band Type Style Description Gap Show Labels Major Interval (*) Minor Interval (*) Label Start Offset Label End Offset Section1 Section2 Surface1 Surface2 Weeding Stagger Lablels Stagger Line Height : Kiu d liu bng : Kiu : M t : Khong trng hai hng : Check hin th nhn : Khong tng li chnh : Khong tng li ph : Chn nhn v tr u : Chn nhn v tr cui : Mt ct 1 : Mt ct 2 : Mt 1 : Mt 2 : M rng
ang tip tc nghin cu n phn Band ca trc ngang. ang thc mc s th hin ca mt ct ngang thit k.
Creating Sample Lines

In this exercise, you will create a set of sample lines along the alignment. This
is the first step in generating cross sections.
The sample lines define the stations at which the cross sections are cut, and also the width of the sections to the left and right of the alignment. A set of sample lines is stored under a Sample Line Group for the alignment. Each sample line group has a unique name. Each line within the group also has a unique name. To create sample lines 1 Navigate to the tutorial drawings folder. Open the drawing Corridor-5a.dwg. 2 Turn OSNAP off.
3 Kch Sections menu Create Sample Lines.

4 At the Select An Alignment prompt, press Enter to display the Select Alignment dialog box. 5 Select Centerline (1). Kch OK. The Create Sample Line Group dialog box is displayed. This dialog box defines the characteristics of the sample line group. The Imperial By Layer template contains pre-defined line styles and line label styles for the sample lines. 6 For Sample Line Style, select Road Sample Lines. 7 For Sample Line Label Style, select Name & Section Marks. The Section Sampling Defaults section lists the possible data sources for the cross sections. Data sources may include surfaces, corridor models, and corridor surfaces. Each surface and corridor surface results in a single cross-sectional string. Using the corridor model as a source includes all of the points, links, and shapes in the model. 8 Verify that the Sample check boxes are selected for all entries in the table. 9 You can double-kch a Style cell in the table to select the Section Style. Set the Section Styles to the following:
EG: Existing Ground Corridor - (1): All Codes
202 | Chapter 11 Corridors

Corridor - (1) Corridor - (1) Top: Finished Grade Corridor - (1) Corridor - (1) Datum: Finished Grade
10 Kch OK to close the dialog box.
Kim tra li style: Finished Grade ca Corridor-6a

The Sample Line Tools toolbar is displayed. A Specify Station prompt is displayed at the command line. 11 On the toolbar, kch the Down arrow next to the Sample Line Creation Methods button . Kch From Corridor Stations. This option creates a sample line at each station found in the corridor model. The Create Sample Lines - From Corridor Sections dialog box is displayed. This dialog box provides settings for defining the station range and widths of the sample lines. Note that it includes options for setting the Start Station and End Station, and for using offset alignments to set the Left Swath Width and Right Swath Width. 12 Set the Width values for both the Left Swath Width and Right Swath Width to 150. Kch OK. This creates and draws the sample lines and returns you to the Sample Line Tools for defining additional lines, if desired. 13 Close the Sample Lines Tools toolbar. 14 To continue this lesson, go to Creating Section Views (page 203).
Section View Properties.

Distance from Centerline Distance from Centerline Side Offset from Centerline Offset from Centerline Side Section 1 Elevation Section 2 Elevation Section 1 Elevation Minus Section 2 Elevation Section 2 Elevation Minus Section 1 Elevation Previous Segment Direction Next Segment Direction Deflection Angle at Vertex
Section Segment Length Section segment slope length Section segment cross slope Section segment start offset Section segment start offset side Section segment start elevation Section segment end offset Section segment end offset side Section segment end elevation Section segment elevation change Section name Section surface name
TNH TON CC LOI KHI LNG

In this lesson, you will use the sample lines created in the previous tutorial to calculate cut and fill earthwork quantities. Earthwork and material volumes are calculated by comparing two sample line surfaces to each other. You can calculate quantities between sample lines derived from regular surface models and from corridor surfaces.
Khi lng cng tc o p v vt liu c tnh ton bng vic so snh 2 b mt sample line vi nhau. You c th tnh ton cc khi lng gia 2 sample line bt ngun t m hnh b mt chnh (b mt a hnh c m t li t thc a qua file d liu hoc ng ng mc ) v t b mt corridor

User-definable tables specify which materials are defined by which surfaces, and the characteristics of these materials. Finally, average end area analysis is used to tabulate the material quantities along the corridor. Cui cng, bn kt qu din tch c s dng cho di dng bng khi lng vt liu dc theo corridor.
Reviewing Quantity Takeoff Settings

In this exercise, you will review the different settings available for quantity take off. To review quantity takeoff settings Trong bi tp ny, ta s xem li cc thit lp khc nhau c sn dng cho Quantity Takeoff. 1 Navigate to the tutorial drawings folder. Open the drawing Corridor-6a.dwg. Tm th mc Tutorial drawing, m bn v Corridor-6a 2 On the ToolspaceSettings tab, expand Quantity Takeoff Commands. 3 Under the Commands collection, double-kch GenerateQuantitiesReport to display the Edit Command Settings - GenerateQuantitiesReport dialog box. 4 Browse through the various settings available, but do not change any settings. When finished, kch Cancel. c lt qua cc thit lp khc nhau c sn, nhng khng thay i mt thit lp no. Khi kt thc, chn Cancel. 5 On the ToolspaceSettings tab, expand Quantity Takeoff Quantity Takeoff Criteria. Three styles are defined under the branch. Ba mu c nh ngha di nhnh. 6 Double-kch the Earthworks style to open the Quantity Takeoff Criteria Earthworks dialog box. 7 Kch the Material List tab. This tab contains a pre-defined table for calculating earthworks (cut and fill) by comparing a Datum surface layer to an existing ground surface layer. Th ny bao gm 1 bng nh ngha cho vic tnh ton cng tc o p bng cch so snh a Datum surface layer to an existing ground surface layer. 8 Expand the Earthworks item in the table. You will use the Earthworks criteria in the next exercise to calculate the quantity takeoff.

Note that the Condition for the EG surface is set to Base, while that of the Datum surface is set to Compare. This indicates that the material is going to be fill when Datum is above EG, and cut when Datum is below EG. Also note the three Factor values in the table: Ch rng gi tr Condition (trng thi) cho mt EG l Base (c s), trong khi gi tr ca mt Datum l Compare (so snh). Ng ny l vt liu l p nn Datum cao hn EG, v o khi Datum thp hn EG. Cng ch n 3 gi tr Factor (nhn t) trong bng: The Cut factor is typically used as an expansion factor for excavated material. It is usually 1.0 or higher.
The Fill factor is typically used as a compaction factor for fill material. It is usually 1.0 or lower.
The Refill factor indicates what percentage of cut material can be reused as fill. It should be 1.0 or lower.
9 Kch Cancel to close the dialog box. 10 To continue this lesson, go to Calculating Quantity Takeoff Volumes
Calculating Quantity Takeoff Volumes

In this exercise, you will use the Earthworks criteria to generate (pht sinh) a quantity takeoff report. Trong bi tp ny, ta s s dng cc tiu chun Earthworks php sinh mt bn tnh ton khi lng. This exercise continues from the preceding exercise, Reviewing Quantity Takeoff Settings (page 206). To calculate quantity takeoff volumes 1 Kch Sections menu Define Materials to display the Select a Sample Line Group dialog box.
2 From the Select Alignment list, select Centerline (1). 3 From the Select Sample Line Group list, select SLG-1. Kch OK. The Setup Materials dialog box displays a list of all items defined in the selected criteria.
4 Verify that Quantity Takeoff Criteria field is set to Earthworks. 5 In the table, expand the Surfaces item. This shows surfaces EG and Datum. Next, you will set the actual object names that define those surfaces.

6 In the Object Name column, kch the cell for the EG surface. Set that cell to surface name EG. 7 For the Datum, set the Object Name to Corridor (1) Corridor (1) Datum. In the Earthworks criteria settings, EG is set as the base surface and Datum is set as the Compare surface. The Object Name fields specify which object calls for both an EG surface as the base and a Datum surface as the comparison. These are criteria that can be used with multiple projects and corridors. Trong thuc tnh Earthworks criteria, EG t nh l mt c s cn Datum t nh l mt so snh. Cc trng Object ch r i tng c t cho c 2 mt EG v Datum. The Object Name fields in the Setup Materials dialog box define a specific surface and corridor surface to map to the names in the Earthworks criteria. 8 Kch OK to close the dialog box and calculate the quantities. The calculation is performed and a list of materials is stored with the sample line group properties. To view the results of the calculation, you will create a volume report. S tnh ton c thc hin v mt lis cc vt liu c lu tr cng vi cc thuc tnh nhm mu ng thng. Hin th cc kt qu ca s tnh ton, bn s to ra mt bn khi lng.
9 Kch Sections menu Generate Volume Report to display the Report Quantities dialog box. 10 From the Select Alignment list, select Centerline (1). 11 From the Select Sample Line Group list, select SLG-1. 12 For Select a Style Sheet, select Earthwork.xsl. 13 Select Display XML Report to automatically display the report after it is generated.

14 For Select a Material Collection, select Material List - (1).
This is the material list you created by calculating volume quantities for the sample line group using the Earthworks criteria. y l list vt liu bn bo ra t s tnh ton khi lng cho nhm sample line dng tiu chun Earthwork. V c nhiu tiu chun tnh ton p dng cho cc cng vic tnh ton khc nhau cc ln khc. 15 Kch OK. 16 The report is displayed.
Xut hin thng bo t Internet Explorer: Scripts are usually safe. Do you want to allow scripts to run? Cc bn chnh thng c bo mt mt cht. Bn c mun cho php cc bn ny chy khng?

The Cut Area is area of material in cut, times the Cut Factor defined in the quantity takeoff criteria, and the Fill Area is the area of fill material times the Fill Factor.
The areas for each material are averaged between stations and multiplied by the station difference to produce the incremental volumes. These are added from station to station to produce the cumulative volumes. Finally, the Cum. Net Volume value at each station is calculated as the cumulative Reusable volume minus the cumulative Fill volume. Calculating
CHNG 12: NG DNG TRONG THIT K NT GIAO (CH T)
CHNG 12: NG DNG TRONG THIT K NT GIAO - (CNG MC CH T)

Trong phn ny s hng dn mt cch tng quan nht thit k c mt nt giao (Junction) cng mc ch T, cc dng khc k c nt giao khc mc cng c thc hin gn tng t. Thit k mt nt giao ch T, vi cc thng s c bn sau: Hai ng giao ct l ng 2 ln, b rng ln bng nhau (vd = 3.65m) Bn knh cong trong nt giao R = 12m M hnh b mt ly bt k.
Step 1: Thit k m phng nt giao bng cc ng Polylines
Sep 2: To cc ng Alignments c trng t cc ng Polylines.
Mt s cc ng c trng cn ch nh sau: Cc trc ng chnh (Main Centreline). ng nhnh (Side Centreline). ng gii hn ngoi ca nt giao (JCT Left v JCT Right). on ng vin ca ng trc chnh v ng nhnh (Bellmouth)
ngha ca cc ng ny s dn lm r trong qu trnh thit k nt giao. Xp xp u tin cc ng nh sau: ng trc chnh ng nhnh ng gii hn ngoi ca nt giao ng vin.

Nhng ng c u tin thp hn s thit k ng da vo m hnh mt bng ca cc ng c u tin cao hn. Tn cc Alignment ly nh hnh v trn.
Step 3: Thit k ng ca trc ng chnh

Ta c th ly lun ng ca trc chnh nu thit k, hoc thit k ring cho on qua ng giao ct. Cc s liu v d: Tn trc dc: Main Centreline Tn trc dc t nhin: Existing Ground - Surface (1) Tn ng thit k: Vetical
Step 4: Thit k ng ca trc ng nhnh

Phn ng nhnh ti on giao ct vi ng chnh phi ly cao bng mt bng ng chnh. Do , trc khi thit k ng ca ng nhnh phi to m hnh b mt ca ng chnh theo thit k ban u, m hnh ny l m hnh tm thi ch nhm phc v cng tc thit k ng ng ca ng nhnh.
Thit k mt ct ngang v to m hnh b mt cho ung chnh.

Mt ct ngang thit k y ch nhm mc ch to m hnh b mt ph c mc theo ng thit k, cc ng c u tin thp hn c thit k ng theo m hnh b mt ny. Sau khi thit k c ht cc ng cho cc Alignment, cc m hnh b mt ph s c xa i v chnh thc thit k theo cc mt ct ngang chun.
Mu mt ct ngang ny ch quan trng dc ngang mt ng phi theo ng thit k, b rng ln ly rng hn ln thit k chun (ly vd v 2 pha l 5m). Tn Assembly: Temp S dng: LaneOutsideSuper
To m hnh b mt: Create Corridor: o Alignment: Main centreline (trc ng chnh) o Profile (ng ): Vertical o Assembly: Temp

M hnh mt bng ph nn bao c mt phn on cong ca hai ng gii hn nt giao. Create Corridor Surface Chn b mt l mt trn cng Specify code: Top. Cch thc xy dng m hnh b mt gii thiu phn trn
M hnh mt bng ph cho trc chnh sau khi xy dng nh sau:
Mt phn ca ng nhnh (Side road) nm trong m hnh va to, ng ca ng nhnh s ly theo cao b mt ca m hnh ny.
Thit k ng cho ng nhnh

Thit k trc dc cho ng nhnh (Side Centreline) trn c m hnh b mt a hnh ban u (Exsting Ground) v m hnh b mt ph ca trc ng chnh va to trn (Main Temp Surface).
Trc dc lc ny c dng:
Thit k ng cho ng nhnh. ng cho ng nhnh phi c mt phn ln trc dc t nhin trn b mt Main Temp Surface.
Tn ng ca ng nhnh trong v d l: Vertical (1)
Step 5: Thit k ng cho cc ng gii hn ngoi ca nt giao

Tng t nh thit k ng cho ng nhnh, cc ng gii hn ngoi hay ng vin khc cong trong nt giao c mt phn ly theo cao mt bng ca ng chnh, mt phn ly theo cao ca ng nhnh. Ta cn phi xy dng m hnh b mt ph cho ng nhnh.
Xy dng m hnh mt bng ph cho ng nhnh

Ta vn ly mu mt ct Temp trn to m hnh mt bng ph cho ng nhnh. Create Corridor:
M hnh mt bng to trn mt on ng nhnh, nn bao qua mt phn on cong ca cc ng vin nt giao, to nn cc on chuyn tip cao ca ng chnh v ng nhnh. Create Corridor Surface.
M hnh b mt va to ly tn v d l: Side Temp Surface
Thit k ng cho ng gii hn ngoi ca nt giao.

Thit k cc trc dc t nhin. Trc dc t nhin ca cc ng gii hn ny gm 3 phn, mt phn da trn b mt a hnh ban u (Exsting Ground), mt phn da trn b mt ph ca ng chnh (Main Temp Surface), mt phn da trn b mt ph ca ng nhnh (Side Temp Surface)
Thit k ng Thit k nh thng thng, ng nn thit k sao cho gn nh ln 2 phn trc dc t nhin trn 2 b mt ph ca ng chnh v ng nhnh cng chnh xc cng tt, cc im giao ct vi ng ph v ng nhnh th bt buc ly cao bng cao b mt ca hai ng ny.
Tn ng ca ng vin tri (JCT Left) l: Vertical (2) Tn ng ca ng vin tri (JCT Right) l: Vertical (3)
Step 6: Ly cao cho ng Bellmouth

Bellmouth ch l mt tn t cho mp ngoi mt ng ca ng trc chnh, ta ly cao ca ng ny ly theo cao ca m hnh b mt ca ng chnh. To trc dc ca ng Bellmount trn mt Main Temp Surface, nhng khng cn thit k ng .
Trong hp thoi Create Profile from Surface, khng cn thit v trc dc ra ngoi bn v m ch cn chn OK.
Step 7: Xy dng cc mt ct tiu biu cho nt giao.

Cc mt ct tiu biu cn thit xy dng on ni trong nt giao nh sau: Mt ct thng thng trc nt giao ca ng chnh v ng ph (theo yu cu thit k) Nh trong bi ton v d, mt ct thng thng ca ng chnh v ng nhnh l ging nhau, b rng ln l 3.65m khng c gii phn cch. Tn Assembly: Typical Section
Mt ct ngang ly tim l trc chnh, mt na nh mt ct thng thng, mt na bn theo ng Bellmouth. Tn Assembly: Section without kerbs
Mt ct ly tim l cc ng gii hn ngoi ca nt giao (JCT Left, JCT Right), c mt na bm theo ng Bellmouth, ng nhnh v mt na ging vi phn vai ng ca mt ct thng thng Tn Assembly cho ng JCT Left: JCT Lane to Right
Tn Assembly cho ng JCT Right: JCT Lane to Left
Step 8: To Corridor ti nt giao

M hnh ti nt giao trong bi ton c th chia lm 3 phn nh sau:
Tin hnh xy dng tng phn mt: Vng 1 () Chn Corridor menu\ Create Corridor Chn Alignment: Main Centreline Chn Profile: Vertical Chn Assembly: Section without kerbs
Vng 2() Chn vo Corridor vng 1: Kch chut phi\ chn Corridor Properties\ th Parameters.

Chn biu tng Add thm Baseline
Trong Baseline (2) mi nhp thm chn: - Alignment: JCT Left - Profile: Vertical (1) Kch chut phi vo Baseline mi to chn Add Region v chn Assembly l JCT Lane to Right
Region 1 mi to s kt thc ti v tr giao ct gia ng nhnh (Alignment Side Centreline) v ng Bellmouth.
Chn vo thuc tnh Target ca Region 1 mi to, xut hin hp thoi Target Mapping v chn nh trong hnh v.
Lc ny ln trong ca JCT Lane to Right s bm theo ng nhnh n im giao ct vi ng Bellmouth v c trc dc theo ng ca ng nhnh (Vertical (1)).
Cng trong Baseline (2) to thm mt Region (2) vi - Assembly: JCT Lane to Right - im u: l im giao ct gia Side Centreline v Bellmouth. - im cui: l im kt thc ca JCT Left v pha ng trc chnh Main Centreline.
- Thuc tnh Target ca Region (2) chn nh trong hnh

Lc ny ln trong ca JCT Lane to Right s bm theo ng Bellmouth v c trc dc ca ng Bellmouth trn m hnh b mt Main Temp Surface.
Vng 3 Lm tng t nh vng 2 vi Alignment l JCT Right.
Step 9: Hon thnh m hnh nt giao

hon thnh m hnh hon chnh ca nt giao trn b mt a hnh ban u (Existing Ground): Kch chut phi vo Corridor ca nt giao va to, chn Corridor Properties, chn th Parametre, chn set all Targets, chn Kch here to set all, chn mt Existing Ground.
Trn trc ng chnh v trc ng nhnh s dng mt ct ngang thng thng (Typical Section) to m hnh b mt tuyn nh thng thng.
Ta c th to mt trn cng ca m hnh b mt nt giao va mi to v kim tra li mt cch trc quan hn kt qu va thit k vi cc mi tn hng dc hay m hnh 3D.
CHNG 13: GRADING
CHNG 13: GRADING THIT K M HNH SAN LP & TNH TON KHI LNG SAN LP.
AutoCAD Civil 3D h tr vic thit k san lp a hnh qua cc bc c th nh sau: To ng c s Feature line. Thit k m hnh t cc ng Feature line. To chn taluy xung a hnh t nhin. To m hnh hon chnh v ghp chung v t nhin.
Hiu mt s vn khi lm vic

Cc hp thoi:
Create Feature lines Hp thoi khi to ng Feature line t ng Polyline (hoc cc i tng khc)
CHNG 13: GRADING

Erase existing entities: Xa i tng c khi to Feature line ( y l ng Polyline b xa) Assign elevation: Gn lun cao cho cc nh Feature Line. Weed points: Loi tr im Assign Elevations Hp thoi xut hin khi hp thoi Create Feature Line ta la chn ch gn cao (Assign Elevation)
Cc la chn (Options) Elevation: t cao cho ng Feature t gi tr in vo . From gradings: theo Grading. From surface: theo b mt o Insert intermediate grade break points: T ni suy cc im gy a hnh theo Feature Line chn im, cao .
Weeding Factors
CHNG 13: GRADING
Cc gi tr trong hp thoi Weed Vertices c ngha nh sau: Weeding Factors: Ti cc im tha mn (nh hn) gi tr in trong s b loi b. Close Point Removal: Loi b im bt k tha mn khong cch 3D nh hn gi tr trong .
Site Properties:
Th Information: lu tr thng tin m t v tn ca Site. Th 3D Geometry: Thuc tnh Site Display Mode:
CHNG 13: GRADING

Use elevation: ngha? Flatten elevation:
Thanh cng c Grading Creation Tools
: To Grading group
Cc gi tr Tessellation spacing, Tessellation angle gip vic cy thm im trn cc ng feature line to mt c chi tit hn.
Cc dng thit k: Grade to Distance: (nhp khong cch v dc).
CHNG 13: GRADING

Yu cu la chn khong cch t Feature Line n ng sau thit k, lc cao ca ng sau thit k s c ni suy theo khong cch v dc o Select the feature: Chn vo ng Feature o Select the grading side: o Apply to entire length? [Yes/No] <Yes>: Y Yes: thit k ton b theo ng Feature. No: yu cu chn im u n th hai thit k. Select the start point: Station <0+898.09m>: Specify point or [Length]: Station <0+360.57m>: o Grading Criteria: Grade to Distance o Specify distance <1.000m>: 5 o Format [Grade/Slope] <Slope>: 2 o Invalid option keyword. o Format [Grade/Slope] <Slope>: S o Slope <2.00:1>: 2 Grade to Elevation: La chn cao v c dc ca mi o mi p thit k. Lu , cao la chn l cao tuyt i, khng phi cao chnh cao vi ng Feature Line. Grade to Relative Elevation: Tng t nh trn nhng cao la chn l cao tng i so vi ng feature line Grade to Surface: La chn dc ca mi p v mi o thit k chn taluy xung b mt t nhin. bt taluy xung b mt no ta chn nt
To ng Feature line.
To Feature line
Cc cch thc to mt ng Feature line. Vch ng Feature line trc tip. To ng Feature line t cc i tng ca AutoCAD Civil 3D
CHNG 13: GRADING

Vch ng Feature line
CHNG 13: GRADING
CHNG 14: PARCEL
CHNG 14: PARCEL QUY HOCH CHIA L Nhng ch trong thit k Parcel
Pick a point within the parcel to be subdivided: Chn mt im trong Parcel chia l. Select start point on frontage:
CHNG 14: PARCEL
CHNG 15: MAP IN AUTOCAD CIVIL 3D
CHNG 16: SHARING THE MODEL
CHNG 16: SHARING THE MODEL
PH LC 1: MT S RC RI V LI V CNH BO
Mt vi li cnh bo trong hp thoi Panorama:
Warning
Corridor is out of date and may be out of sync with other objects Corridor ht hiu lc v c th khng cn ng b cng vi cc i tng khc
Imformation
This profile view has data bands that require appropriate features(profile1, profile2 etc...) to be associated. Please set them through bands tab of profile view properties dialog.
Profile view ny c nhng d liu Band yu cu c nhng c tnh thch hp (profile1, profile2 vv) c th lin kt c. Xin t cho ng chng qua th Bands ca hp thoi Profile view properties. Xem xt th Bands trong hp thoi Profile view properties ti y! Point X, Y, Z ignored duplicate b qua im xyz bn sao.
Drawing Recovery
Trong ln lm vic trc ca bn, chng trnh t ngt b li (hng). Thng tin c ly li t cc file bn v c m trong thi gian . Danh sch cc bn sao lu hin th cc file d phng m chng sn sng lm vic lun. Double-kch vo cc file trn danh sch m v so snh ni dung ca chng.
La chn file m d liu khi phc tt nht, s dng Save As ch r v tr th mc v tn ca file. - Li khng khai bo vn tc thit k trc khi p tiu chun tnh Superelevation.
Design speeds are not found for the current aligment! Please specify them in Design Speeds tab before computing superelevation parameters. Vn tc thit k khng c xy dng cho Aligment hin hnh! Hy ch r chng trong th Design Speeds trc khi s dng cc thng s siu cao. - Cch thc thay i khong cch cc.
- Cnh bo: khi lm vic vi th Station Control
Bo trc! S thay i v tr im lin kt hoc gi tr ca im lin kt s xo tt cc station equation (hiu nhng kh gii thch), vn tc thit k v c th gy nh hng bt li cho cc i tng v d liu to ra sn t Alignment. OK tip tc hoc Cancel b d qu trnh hot ng ny.
Tuy nhin d OK v thay i trong bn v m khng thy kt qu g, cn thay i lun trong gi tr X, Y trn nhng cng khng c. Al - ??? Ti sao sau khi to Alignment th cc Station c hin th, tuy nhin sau th cc Station nay li mt i ngay sau khi to xong Corridor
PH LC 2: CC HP THOI V NG DNG
Label Style Composer
Th Information:
Cha cc thng tin chung v kiu Label Style, v d l kiu Standard. Bao gm: Tn ku M t v kiu Ngui khi to v hiu chnh Ngy khi to v hiu chnh.
Th General:
Profile view properties
Bands
D liu bands l cc d liu hnh chiu ca tuyn trn trc dc hoc bnh (siu cao, cong bng, cong ng, mt ct ) dc theo (profile view) trc dc ca (Alignment) tuyn. S dng th ny qun l d liu band c t cho profile view.
Band Type
Ch r loi (kiu) ca d liu band thm vo tp hp: Profile Data (d liu mt ct), Vertical Geometry (hnh chiu ng trn trc dc tuyn), Horizontal Geometry (hnh chiu bng trn bnh tuyn), Superelevation (siu cao), Sectional Data (d liu mt ct), hay Pipe Data (d liu ng).
Select Band Style

Ch r tng mu ring cho mi kiu d liu Band. Add >> Thm kiu Band vo trc hc, trc khi lm thao tc ny cn m bo chc chn rng nhng thit lp l ng cho kiu d liu Band, mu (style) v v tr.
List of Bands Location Xc nh v tr kiu Band s hin th trn trc dc: trn cng hay di cng. Band Type Style Description Gap nh khong cch gia hng d liu cha n v hng d liu ngay trn (hoc di n) n. Alignment Ch ra i tng Alignment m n lm vic l g. Profile1/Profile2
Specifies which profile or profiles supply the data for the band. For example, if two profiles are specified for a Profile Data band, each station displayed in the band shows the elevation information for both profiles. Ch r mt ct hay nhng mt ct no cung cp d liu (cho) bng. Chng hn, nu hai Mt ct c ch r (cho) mt bng D liu Mt ct, mi nh ga hin th trong bng cho thy thng tin nng cao (cho) c hai Mt ct
Design Data
Specifies the source of the data displayed in the band.The options displayed depend on the type of data band: Pipe Data Band: Select a pipe network in the drawing file. Sectional Data Band: Select a sample line group that is associated with the alignment in the profile view

This column is available only for Pipe and Sectional data bands.
Material
Specifies a material or list of materials for which data is displayed in a Sectional Data band. The options are generated using the properties of sample line groups that are associated with the alignment in the profile view.
Weeding
Used only for labels at vertical geometry points on Profile Data bands only. Vertical geometry points or grade breaks that are closer than the weeding factor are removed, making it easier to read the remaining labels. Enter a positive number to specify a label exclusion distance.
Label at Start
Specifies whether the start end of the band is labeled.
Label at End
Specifies whether the end of the band is labeled.
Label Origin
Specifies whether or not the profile view origin is labeled with its station and elevation values.
Band Position Controls

Changes the position of data bands in the set and deletes unwanted bands. Move selected data bands up. Move selected data bands down. Delete selected bands.
Import Band Set

Opens the Band Set dialog box. Select an existing band set to be added to the band set for the current profile view.
Save As Band Set

Opens the Band Set dialog box where you can save the current band set as a style for use with other profile views.
http://www.avat.com/training/elearning/media/edemos/pacificsoft/dp_grading/fram eset.htm (Avsd Solutions - Grading Calculation Functions within Design Point) Thinhj hom nay la ngyaf mddfdfdj
PH LC 3: T CHUYN NGNH
Phc v Survey menu
1. Description keys: Cc kha m t. 2. Raw field data: D liu trng th y c th m ch d liu ton c 3. Traverse loops: Cc vng lp ngang 4. Survey command line language: Ngn ng dng lnh kho st 5. External database: C s d liu ngoi 6. General limits: Gii hn tng qut 7. Setup initial geometry for the Object: Thit t v tr a l gc ca d n 8. Point protection: Bo v im 9. Side-shot: nh chp mt cnh (hay c hiu l hnh chiu cnh) 10. Closure data: D liu kp kn 11. Batch file: file b 12. Company standard: Chun chung 13. Field book file: File s tay gi chp o c (nh dng *.fbk) 14. Fahrenheit: Thang nhit F 15. Instrument station: Trm my 16. Ditto Feature 17. Point Course Echo 18. Figure Course Echo 19. Point Coordinate Echo 20. Figure Coordinate Echo 21. Notify: Thng bo 22. Check Shots 23. Sequential on (point): im lin tip 24. Reunite key symbols: Tp hp cc k hiu kha 25. Coordinate Echoing: Di ta (b tay khng hiu lm) 26. Actual description: M t thc 27. Wildcard characters: K t thay th 28. Data collection: B tp hp d liu 29. Backsight point: im ngm 30. Foresight to right: Gc o phi
31. Foresight slope Distance: Khong cch dc 32. Foresight vertical Angle: Gc ng 33. Prism height: Chiu cao mia 34. Observation: Quan trc 35. Observation point: im o c, im quan trc 36. Erase all existing observation: Xa tt c cc thng tin ang tn ti 37. Compass rule method: Phng php thc cong 38. Closure Adjustments: Cc hiu chnh kp kn 39. Compass rule: Thc cong 40. Transit rule: Thc truyn 41. Crandall: Thc Crandall 42. Bnh phng ti thiu 43. iu chnh mng li cc bnh phng ti thiu 44. Length Weighted distribution: Phn b chiu di trng lng 45. Equal distribution: Phn b bng ngang 46. Calculation Criteria: Ch tiu tnh ton 47. Traverse Analysis: Phn tch Traverse 48. Balance Angle: Cc gc bnh sai 49. Vertical Adjustment: Hiu chnh theo phng ng 50. Synonyms: Cc tn ng ngha 51. Fault-Line: Dng c li 52. Break line: Dng ngt qung 53. Figure prefix: Tin t ca hnh C th hiu l mt cm k t m t chung cho cc im thuc cng mt hnh.
54. Duplicate points: Cc im nhn i 55. Loop number: S loop 56. Initial BS point: im ngm u tin 57. Occupied points: Cc im b chim 58. Final FS points: Cc im cui cng 59. Survey equipment settings: Cc thit lp thit b kho st 60. Horizontal collimation: Chun trc theo phng ngang 61. Vertical collimation: Chun trc theo phng ng 62. Horizontal Angle type: Loi gc theo phng ngang 63. Vertical Angle type: Loi gc theo phng ng
64. EDM refract index: Ch s khc x EDM 65. EDM wave constant: Hng s sng EDM 66. EDM offset: Dch chuyn EDM 67. Tilting: nghing 68. Measuring device: Dng c o 69. EDM scope: Phm vi EDM 70. EDM prop Error: Sai s t l 71. EDM constant error: Sai s khng i EDM 72. Horizontal/ Vertical Circle: Vng trn theo phng php theo phng ngang v ng 73. Target Alignment: Thng hng theo mc tiu 74. Theodolite: my kinh v 75. Theodolite high error: Sai s theo chiu cao kinh v 76. Least squares: vung nh nht 77. Distance line: Nt biu th khong cch 78. Angle line: Nt biu th gc 79. Direction line: Nt biu th hng 80. Buried line: ng nt khut 81. Lots: L 82. Confidence interval: Khong tin cy 83. Error ellipses: Sai s hnh van 84. 2-3-dimensition: Kch thc khng gian 2-3 chiu 85. Calculation parameters: Tnh ton cc thng s 86. Max of iteration: lp li max 87. Coordinate convergence: Hi t ta 88. Ellipse scale factor: H s t l do dng van 89. Total # of unknown points: Tng s cc im cha bit 90. Total # observations: Tng s quan trc 91. Degrees of freedom: Cc t do 92. Confidence interval: tin cy 93. Number of iteration: lp 94. Chi square value: Tr s bnh phng Chi 95. Goodness of fit test: Sai s php o
96. Fails at the 5% level: Cc sai s mc 5% 97. SD: Khong cch xin 98. VA: Gc ng 99. ANG: Gc ngang
Phc v thit k ng trong Civil 3D

1. Alignment: A series of 2D coordinates (northings and eastings), connected by lines, curves, or spirals, used to represent features such as the road centerlines, edges of pavement, sidewalks, or rights-of-way. Mt series ca to 2D (bc v ng), c ni bi cc on thng, ng cong hoc ng xon c, c s dng miu t cho cc c trng nh tim ng, cc ng mp mt ng, cc va h, hay cc di p ca ng (USA) 2. BVC: Vertical Tangent-Curve Intersect. 3. BVCE: Vertical Tangent-Curve Intersect Elevation. 4. BVCS: Vertical Tangent-Curve Intersect Station. 5. BVP: Profile Start. 6. Band: (n) di dt v mng; ai; np; di; bng; ng k Add data bands: Xut hin trong hp thoi khi to trc dc, cho php hoc khng to hng d liu ngoi..( kh gii thch) 7. Catch basin: Ming cng, ging thu nc. 8. Channel: - (n) eo bin; lng sng, lng sui; knh mng, rnh, lch; ng xoi; ng dn (nc du); (ngha bng) ng, ngun (tin tc, ngh, t tng) - (ngt) o rnh, o mng; chy xi (t) thnh khe rnh (nc ma); chuyn; hng vo, xoy vo (ci g); bo ng xoi.
9. Configure: dinh hinh the, cho mot hinh dang 10. Company: 11. Computing: (dt) s s dng 12. Contains: Bao gm AutoCAD Civil 3D 2009 contains many new features and enhancements: AutoCAD Civil 3D 2009 bao gm nhiu c trng v nt ni bt mi. 13. Corridor
Any path, the length and location of which is typically governed by one or more horizontal and vertical alignments. Examples are roadways, railways, traveled ways, channels, ditches, utility runs, and airport runways. Bt k ng (dn) no th chiu di v v tr ca n u chu nh hng bi mt hoc nhiu hnh chiu nm v hnh chiu cng, v ng ng ca Alignment. Nhng v d nh ng t, ng st, phn xe chy, knh, rnh, nhng on phc v cng bng sn bay. 14. Dam: (n) p; b nc. (ngt): xy p; ngn nc; (ngha bng) +up: ghm li, kim ch li. To dam up one emotion: kim ch ni xc ng 15. Direction: (n) s iu khin, ch huy ; li hng dn, ch th ; phng hng, chiu; phng din Reverse Alignment direction: o chiu Alignment thao tc ny trong AutoCAD Civil 3D lm cc i tng ca Ali i xng vi chnh n qua Alignment. 16. Enhancement: (dt) s l ni bt, nt ni bt. 17. Extract: (n) on trch; phn chit; (hc) cao. 18. EVC : Vertical Curve-Tangent Intersect. im phn ct gia ng cong v cnh tuyn ng. 19. Feature: c trng. New Features: Cc c trng mi. 20. Fixed: (adj) ng yn, bt ng, c nh; c b tr trc. Fixed point: im c nh; cht kim tra c nh. 21. Flip: di chuyn, bng. 22. Gather: (ngt) tp hp, t hp li; thu thp; ly li; hiu, kt lun, suy ra. 23. General: (dt) Tng qut, chung, tng th. 24. Geometry: Hnh hc. 25. HP: High Point. 26. Include: Bao gm 27. Increment: S tng thm, s gia. Station Increment: Khong tng ca cc cc. 28. Intersection: (n) s giao ct; ch ct ngang; im giao, ng giao Tangent intersection: ng tip tuyn.
29. Information: (n) S cung cp thng tin; s thng tin; tin tc, ti liu; kin thc. Trong AutoCAD Civil 3D, th Information trong cc hp thoi properties ca cc i tung s lu tr thng tin chung nht ca i tng nh: tn, c t (Description), kiu ca i tng. 30. Intersect: (ngt) phn ct; (nt) ct nhau. 31. Lay-out: (dt) Cch b tr, cch trnh by, s b tr, s trnh by. 32. Level Crown Station: Hiu l v tr c dc ti 2 hai mi u bng 0 qua nh. Hay 33. Levee: (n) con ; m khch; bui chiu i; bui tip khch khi va ng dy. (ngt) p cho. 34. Major: (dt) Chnh; nguy him, nghim trng. 35. Object: (n) i tng. 36. Pavement: Mt ng. 37. Parking lot: Bi xe 38. Prospector: (dt) ngi iu tra, ngi thm d, ngi tm kim. Trong AutoCAD Civil 3D, th Prospector trn thanh Toolspace c th hiu l th lu tr cc cc i tng c to ra khi tin hnh thit k. Trn thanh Toolspace, th Settings gip ngi dng to v qun l thuc tnh cc i tng. 39. Parameter: (dt) thng s, tham s, tham bin, gii hn. 40. Panorama: (dt) Ton cnh 41. Profile: mt ct dc 42. PVI: Point of vertical Intersection In a profile, the point where two tangent lines meet. Trong mt ct dc, im m ni 2 cnh tuyn gp nhau. 43. Quantity: (n) s nhiu: Quantities: Chi tit thit k thi cng 44. Railway: (n) ng st. 45. Range: Dy, hng; loi; tm, phm vi Station Range: Phm vi Station, trong AutoCAD Civil 3D 2009 c sd khi xut trc dc, khng ch phm vi th hin trc dc t 2 u Alignment. 46. Rate: (n) t l; tc . 47. Recovery: Tm li c, khi phc c.
48. Reinstall: (ngt)Phc chc, cho lm li chc v. 49. Relationship: (n) Mi lin h, mi quan h; tnh thn thuc, tnh h hng 50. Renumber: m li; nh s li, ghi li. 51. Represent: (ngt) miu t, hnh dung 52. Reverse: nghch o, ngc chiu. 53. Rights-of-way (USA): cc di p ca ng. 54. Segment: (n) on, khc; phn, mng; phn t. 55. Set: (n) B; tp hp; dng dp, kiu dng; chiu hng, khuynh hng; thit b. 56. Sidewalk: va h, ng i b. 57. Solution: gii quyt, gii php; p n; ho tan 58. Specified: (adj) theo danh ngha, l thuyt. 59. Specify: (ngt) ch r, nh r. 60. Spiral: (n) ng xon c. 61. Tag: th; buc, ni. 62. Tangent: (n) ng tip tuyn, (c th hiu l cnh tuyn) 63. Traveled way: (n) mt ng 64. Typically: (ph t) in hnh, tiu biu 65. Undivided: (adj) trn vn, hon ton 66. Utility run: on ng phc v cng cng 67. Visibility: (dt) S vic c th nhn thy c; tm nhn 68. Visualization: (n) s hnh dung, s mng tng. 69. Stratum
In geology and related fields, a stratum (plural: strata) is a layer of rock or soil with internally consistent characteristics that distinguishes it from contiguous layers. Each layer is generally one of a number of parallel layers that lie one upon another, laid down by natural forces. They may extend over hundreds of thousands of square kilometers of the Earth's surface. Strata are typically seen as bands of different colored or differently structured material exposed in cliffs, road cuts, quarries, and river banks. Individual bands may vary in thickness from a few millimeters to a kilometer or more. Each band represents a specific mode of deposition -- river silt, beach sand, coal swamp, sand dune, lava bed, etc. Geologists study rock strata and categorize them by the material in the beds. Each distinct layer is usually assigned a "formation" name usually based on a town, river, mountain, or region where the formation is exposed and available for study. For example, the Burgess Shale is a thick exposure of dark, occasionally fossiliferous, shale exposed high in the Canadian Rockies near Burgess Pass. Slight distinctions in material in a formation may be described as "members" or sometimes "beds." Formations are collected into "groups." Groups may be collected into "supergroups."
The stratum is the fundamental unit in a stratigraphic column and forms the basis of the study of stratigraphy. In geology and related fields, a stratum (plural: strata) is a layer of rock or soil with internally consistent characteristics that distinguishes it from contiguous layers. Each layer is generally one of a number of parallel layers that lie one upon another, laid down by natural forces. They may extend over hundreds of thousands of square kilometers of the Earth's surface. Strata are typically seen as bands of different colored or differently structured material exposed in cliffs, road cuts, quarries, and river banks. Individual bands may vary in thickness from a few millimeters to a kilometer or more. Each band represents a specific mode of deposition -- river silt, beach sand, coal swamp, sand dune, lava bed, etc. Geologists study rock strata and categorize them by the material in the beds. Each distinct layer is usually assigned a "formation" name usually based on a town, river, mountain, or region where the formation is exposed and available for study. For example, the Burgess Shale is a thick exposure of dark, occasionally fossiliferous, shale exposed high in the Canadian Rockies near Burgess Pass. Slight distinctions in material in a formation may be described as "members" or sometimes "beds." Formations are collected into "groups." Groups may be collected into "supergroups." The stratum is the fundamental unit in a stratigraphic column and forms the basis of the study of stratigraphy.
Interstate road cut through limestone and shale strata in eastern Tennessee
Rock strata at Depot Beach, New South Wales
70. Section: Mt ct.
Nhng vn cn tm hiu thm

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HNG DN S DNG AUTOCAD CIVIL 3D 2009 2011

CNG TY TNHH CNG NGH HI HA

HNG DN S DNG AUTOCAD CIVIL 3D 2009-2011 Phm Cng Thinh pcthinh@gmail.com

ng dng thay i Settings hiu chnh hin th ca cc Label trn Alignment..............111

HNG DN S DNG AUTOCAD CIVIL 3D 2009-2011 Phm Cng Thinh pcthinh@gmail.com

HNG DN S DNG AUTOCAD CIVIL 3D 2009-2011 Phm Cng Thinh pcthinh@gmail.com

TO NG FEATURE LINE........................................................................................................215 To Feature line......................................................................................................215

CHNG 14: PARCEL QUY HOCH CHIA L.................................................218 NHNG

HNG DN S DNG AUTOCAD CIVIL 3D 2009-2011 Phm Cng Thinh pcthinh@gmail.com

PH LC 3: T CHUYN NGNH...................................................................236 PHC PHC

NHNG VN CN TM HIU THM............................................................243

HNG DN S DNG AUTOCAD CIVIL 3D 2009-2011 Phm Cng Thinh pcthinh@gmail.com

CHNG 2. BI TON V D TRONG THIT K NG

CHNG 2. BI TON V D TRONG THIT K NG

CHNG 1. TNG QUAN AUTOCAD CIVIL 3D

CHNG 2. BI TON V D TRONG THIT K NG

HNG DN S DNG AUTOCAD CIVIL 3D 2009-2011 Phm Cng Thinh pcthinh@gmail.com

CHNG 2. BI TON V D TRONG THIT K NG

HNG DN S DNG AUTOCAD CIVIL 3D 2009-2011 Phm Cng Thinh pcthinh@gmail.com

CHNG 2. BI TON V D TRONG THIT K NG

GII THIU GIAO DIN LM VIC

MT S THAO TC C BN KHI LM VIC VI AUTOCAD CIVIL 3D 2009

CHNG 2. BI TON V D TRONG THIT K NG

CHNG 2. BI TON V D TRONG THIT K NG

D liu ca AutoCAD Civil 3D 2009.

Mt s nh dng file d liu dng trong Autocad Civil 3D.

HNG DN S DNG AUTOCAD CIVIL 3D 2009-2011 Phm Cng Thinh pcthinh@gmail.com

CHNG 2. BI TON V D TRONG THIT K NG

HNG DN S DNG AUTOCAD CIVIL 3D 2009-2011 Phm Cng Thinh pcthinh@gmail.com

CHNG 2. BI TON V D TRONG THIT K NG

CHNG 2. BI TON V D TRONG THIT K NG LI NI U

HNG DN S DNG AUTOCAD CIVIL 3D 2009-2011 Phm Cng Thinh pcthinh@gmail.com

CHNG 2. BI TON V D TRONG THIT K NG

Hnh 2.1: M bn v mu.

Hnh 2.2: Kim tra n v v t l bn v.

Chn OK kt thc hp thoi.

HNG DN S DNG AUTOCAD CIVIL 3D 2009-2011 Phm Cng Thinh pcthinh@gmail.com

CHNG 2. BI TON V D TRONG THIT K NG

Hnh 2.3: Create Points.

Hnh 2.4: Import Point.

Kch OK kt thc thao tc nhp im

HNG DN S DNG AUTOCAD CIVIL 3D 2009-2011 Phm Cng Thinh pcthinh@gmail.com

CHNG 2. BI TON V D TRONG THIT K NG

Hnh 2.5: Bn v sau khi c nhp im.

Hnh 2.6: To mt.

Chn kiu mt l TIN surface v t tn l EG. Kch OK kt thc hp thoi trn.

HNG DN S DNG AUTOCAD CIVIL 3D 2009-2011 Phm Cng Thinh pcthinh@gmail.com

CHNG 2. BI TON V D TRONG THIT K NG

Hnh 2.7: Nhp nhm im vo bn v.

Chn _All Point, kch OK kt thc cng vic.

Hnh 2.8: B mt EG.

CHNG 2. BI TON V D TRONG THIT K NG

Hnh 2.9: Thay i Surface Style.

Lc ny sut hin hp thoi Select Surface Style:

Hnh 2.10: Cc mu Surface Style sn trong Drawing Templete.

HNG DN S DNG AUTOCAD CIVIL 3D 2009-2011 Phm Cng Thinh pcthinh@gmail.com

CHNG 2. BI TON V D TRONG THIT K NG

HNG DN S DNG AUTOCAD CIVIL 3D 2009-2011 Phm Cng Thinh pcthinh@gmail.com

CHNG 2. BI TON V D TRONG THIT K NG

Hnh 2.12: Create Alignment by Layout.

Hnh 2.13: Alignment Layout Tools.

HNG DN S DNG AUTOCAD CIVIL 3D 2009-2011 Phm Cng Thinh pcthinh@gmail.com

CHNG 2. BI TON V D TRONG THIT K NG