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Chng 5: PHN NHM CHNH NHM VIIA(NHM HALOGEN) AL thuyt:

Cu1:Hy vit cu hnh ca cc ion sau y:F-, Cl-, Br -, I-.Cho bit cu hnh ca mi ion trng vi cu hnh electron nguyn t ca nguyn t no Cu2:Hy gii thch: a)Gii thch v sao cc nguyn t halogen khng c trng thi t do trong thin nhin? b)Hy gii thch v sao flo ch c s oxh l -1, trong kh cc halogen cn li ngoi s oxh l -1 cn c cc mc oxh l:+1, +3, +5, +7? c)Tc dng ty mu ca nc clo,nc giaven ln vi,si bng? d)Ti sao phi kim dng nguyn t bao gi cng hot ng hn phi kim dng phn t? e)Thi t t kh clo vo dung dch NaBr thy dung dch c mu vng.Tip tc thi kh clo vo thy dung dch mt mu.Ly vi git dung dch iu ch c em nh ln qi tm thy qu tm ha .Gii thch hin tng v vit phng trnh phn ng xy ra? Cu3: Cho bit: a)S oxh ca clo trong:ClO4-,ClO-, Cl2,ClO3-, HClO4 b)S oxh ca brom trong:Br2, HBr, NaBr, HbrO, HBrO2, HBrO3, KBrO4 c)Cho bit nguyn tc iu ch clo trong phng th nghim.Vit phng trnh ha hc ca 4 phn ng iu ch clo khc nhau Cu4:Hon thnh chui phn ng sau ghi r k phn ng nu c a) NaCl Cl2 HCl KCl KClO KClO3 b) KMnO4 Cl2 KClO3 KCl KOH Fe(OH)3 Fe2O3 FeCl3 AgCl Cl2 c) Cl2 HCl KCl Cl2 Br2 NaBr HBr Br2 I2 Cu5:Bng phng php ha hc nhn bit cc l mt nhn sau: a)C 3 l mt nhn ng cc cht kh sau:CO, CO2, Cl2. trn b) C 3 l mt nhn ng cc cht kh sau:Cl2, HCl v O2.Ch dng mt ha cht hy nhn bit cc l trn c) C 5 l mt nhn ng cc cht kh sau:Cl2, O2, CO2, N2, H2. d)C 3 ng nghim ng ring bit dung dch tng cht sau:NaCl, NaNO3, HCl. e) C 4 ng nghim ng ring bit dung dch tng cht sau:NaCl, NaBr, NaI, NaF. f) C 5 l mt nhn ng cc cht sau:NaOH, H2SO4, I2, Na2CO3,MgBr2. Cu6:Tch v tinh ch a)Trong mui NaCl c ln NaBr,NaI.Trnh by phng php ha hc thu c mui NaCl tinh khit b) Tinh ch clo t hn hp kh O2 v Cl2 c) Tinh ch brom t hn hp clo v brom Cu7:ng dng a) dit chut ngoi ng ngi ta dng kh clo qua nhng ng mm vo hang chut.Hai tnh cht no ca clo cho php clo s dng nh vy b)Khng kh trong phng th nghim b nhim bn bi kh clo.Hy tm cch kh c v bo v mi trng c) Chng may lm rt bnh brom lng ln bn th nghim.Hy tm cch kh c v bo v mi trng Cu8:Hon thnh phng trnh phn ng ha hc trong cc trng hp sau + Cho clo tc dng vi dung dch NaOH k nhit thng + Cho clo tc dng vi dung dch NaOH k nhit cao + iu ch flo ngi ta cho canxiflorua tc dng vi dung dch H2SO4 c + Vit 2 phng trnh chng minh flo l phi kim mnh hn clo

* BI TP VN DNG
Cu1:Ha tan hon ton 4,8g mt kim loi A ha tr n vo 500 ml dd HCl thu c 4,48(l) kh H2 kc a)Xc nh tn kim loi v v tr ca kim loi trong bng HTTH b)Nng mol ca dung dch HCl Cu2:Ha tan hon ton 12g hn hp 2 kim loi Fe v Cu vo dung dch HCl,sau phn ng thu c 224ml kh H2 kc.Xc nh thnh phn % khi lng mi kim loi trong hn hp Cu3:Cht X l mui canxihalogenua.Cho dung dch cha 0,2g X tc dng vi dung dch AgNO3 th thu c 0,376g kt ta.Xc nh cng thc ca canxihalogenua Cu4:Cho lng d dung dch AgNO3 tc dng vi 100ml dung dch hn hp NaF 0,05M v NaCl 0,1M.Tnh khi lng kt ta to thnh

Cu5:Tnh lng clo thu c khi cho 24,5g KClO3 tc dng vi dung dch HCl c d. Lng clo ny phn ng c vi bao nhiu gam st? Cu6:Cn dng bao nhiu gam KClO3 tc dng vi dung dch HCl d lng clo sinh ra phn ng vi dung dch KI to ra 38,1g I2? Cu7:Ha tan hon ton 3,48g MnO2 trong 250 ml dung dch HCl 4M.Xc nh nng cc cht trong dung dch thu c(gi s th tch thay i khng ng k) Cu8: Cho 15,8g KMnO4 tc dng vi dung dch HCl m c,th tch kh Cl2 thu c kc l bao nhiu nu H = 50%? Cu9: Cho hn hp 1,53g Mg,Fe,Zn vo dung dch HCl d thy thot ra 448ml kh kc.C cn dung dch thu c mui khan c khi lng l? Cu10:Ho tan hon ton 20(g)hn hp Mg v Fe vo dung dch HCl d sau phn ng thy thot ra 11,2(l) kh H2 kc v dung dch X.C cn dung dch X thu c mui khan a) Khi lng mui khan thu c l? b) Phn trm khi lng ca Mg v Fe ln lt l? Cu11: Cn pha trn bao nhiu gam dung dch HCl 10% vi bao nhiu gam dung dch HCl 25% thu c 600g dung dch HCl 20%? Cu12: Khi trn ln 200 ml dung dch HCl 2M vi 300ml dung dch HCl 4M ta thu c dung dch mi c nng l? Cu13: Cho 10g hn hp CaO v CaCO3 tc dng vi dung dch HCl d thu c 1,12(l) kc kh CO2 phn trm khi lng ca CaCO3 c trong hn hp l? Cu14: Cho 200 (g) dung dch HX (X: F,Cl,Br,I ) c nng 14,6%. trung ha dung dch trn cn 250 ml dung dch NaOH 3,2(M).Dung dch axit trn l Cu15:Cho 17,4g MnO2 tc dng ht vi dung dch HCl ly d.Ton b kh clo sinh ra c hp th ht vo 145,8g dung dch NaOH 20% nhit thng.Hi dung dch A c cha nhng cht tan no? Tnh nng % ca nhng cht tan

Mt s Bi tp khc Bi 1: Ho tan 23,6 gam hn hp KBr v NaCl vo nc ri cho tc dng hon ton vi dung dch AgNO 3 0,5M thy to ra 47,5 gam hn hp kt ta. Tnh khi lng mi mui trong hn hp u? Bi 2: Cho 16,5 gam hn hp mui Na2S v Na2SO3 tc dng vi 100 ml dung dch HCl un nng ta c hn hp kh c t khi i vi hiro l 27. Lng axit d trung ho va 500 ml dung dch NaOH 1M. a) Tm khi lng mi mui trong hn hp? b) Tm nng mol ca dung dch HCl? Bi 3: Cho Br2 d tc dng ht vi dung dch NaI, sau phn ng lm bay hi dung dch th thy khi lng mui thu c nh hn khi lng mui ban u l 2,82 gam. Tnh khi lng Br2 phn ng? Bi 4: Cho 5 gam Br2 c ln tp cht l clo vo 1 lit dung dch cha 1,6 gam KBr. Sau phn ng lm bay hi dung dch th thu c 1,155 gam cht rn khan. Xc nh % khi lng ca clo trong 5 gam brom em phn ng? Bi 5: cho 3,2 gam hn hp gm Fe2O3 v CuO tc dng va vi 1lit dung dch HCl 0.1M. Khi lng mui clorua to ra l bao nhiu? (S: 5,75 gam) Bi 6: Ho tan hon ton 23,8 gam hn hp gm 1 mui cacbonat c kim loi ho tr I v 1 mui cacbonat ca kim loi ho tr II trong axit HCl th to thnh 0,2 mol kh. em c cn dung dch sau phn ng th thu c bao nhiu gam mui khan? (S:2,5 gam) Bi 7: Cho a gam hn hp KHCO3 v CaCO3 tc dng ht vi dung dch HCl. Kh thot ra dn vo dung dch Ba(OH)2 d thu c 1,97 gam kt ta. Tnh a? Bi 8: Trn 0,96 gam kim loi M vi 2,242 gam kim loi M c cng ha tr duy nht, ri t ht hn hp bng oxi th thu c 4,612 gam hn hp 2 oxit. ha tan ht hn hp hai oxit ny cn 500 ml dung dch nng c mol/l. a) Tnh % s mol oxit trong hn hp ca chng. b) Tnh t l khi lng nguyn t M v M. c) Tnh c ( nng dung dch ). Cho: F= 19; Cl= 35,5; Br = 80; I = 127; Ag = 108 ; O = 16

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