8 bc n gin gi my tnh an ton hn Ngun: www.tinhte.

vn

Nhiu ngi thng khng ch n vic bo mt cho my tnh ca mnh, thm ch c nhng vic c bn nh ci t mt phn mm chng virus trn my hay sao lu d liu quan trng, ch n khi vo mt ngy xu tri, chic my v ton b d liu qu gi theo gi bay i th h mi cht nhn ra vic gi my tnh mnh bo mt v lun lun sao lu d liu quan trng n mc no. Vi mc ch cung cp mt s th thut c bn gip my tnh an ton hn cho ngi dng thng thng, bi vit ny hy vng s gip ch c cc bn t nhiu trong thc tin. 1. Tt Java Java l phn mm cho php s dng cc thao tc tng tc trn mt s trang web nhng trong mt s trng hp thng b li dng thm nhp/pht tn malware. Hin ti, phn ln chng c thay th bi cc cng ngh mi hn nh HTML5 hay Flash, v ch mt s t cc trang web, nh cc trang web chuyn ngnh, cn s dng chng. Do vy, vi ngi dng thng thng, vic tt chng gn nh khng nh hng n vic lt web ca bn. v hiu ha Java trong cc trnh duyt, ta lm nh sau: Google Chrome: g about: plugins vo thanh a ch v tm n mc Java sau chn Disable (V hiu ha) nu c. Firefox: chn Add-ons (Tin ch) bn di trnh n Tools (Cng c), Disable (v hiu ha) cc mc c ch Java nu c. Internet Explorer: vo trnh n Tools, chn Internet Options, chn th Security, chn nt Custom Level, tm n mc Scripting of Java applets v chn Disable. Safari: chn Preferences, chn th Security v chn Disable Java.

 Opera: g Opera: plugins vo thanh a ch v tm n cc mc c ch Java sau chn Disable. 2. Lun cp nht cc bn v cho h iu hnh my tnh Vic t ng cp nht my tnh s bo m cho my tnh ca bn c c cc bn v hay bn sa li mi nht t nh sn xut phn mm. Cp nht phn mm s gip gim nguy c malware xm nhp my tnh ca bn. Trn Windows cc bn c th vo Windows Update cp nht v trn Mac cng c tnh nng tng t mang tn Software Update. Vi Windows 7, bn c th g "Windows Update" Start Menu v nhp chn n. Vi Windows Xp bn vo Start Menu/Program v chn Windows Update trong danh sch x xung cc chng trnh. Trn Mac OS X, ch n gin t Apple Menu (gc tri trn cng ca mn hnh desktop) v nhp chn Software Update. 3. t my tnh ch kha khi thc dy (wake up) t ch Sleep/Standby hay Screen Saver Nhiu ngi thng ngi vic g mt khu mi ln my tnh thot ra khi ch Sleep/Standby hay Screen Saver nhng vic ny s m bo cc email/ti liu/tin nhn... b mt hay ring t ca bn khng b ai c trm trong khi bn ang khng gn my tnh. Trn Windows 7, t my tnh ch kho sau khi thc dy t ch Sleep/Standby, cc bn hy g "Power Options" Start Menu, nhp chn n. Sau khi vo Power Options, cc bn xem ct bn tri s c mc "Require a password on wakeup", nhp chn vo , sau chn mc "Require a password (recommended)". Vi Screen Saver, bn g "Screen Saver" Start Menu, nhp chn, sau chn "On resume, display logon screen". Trn Windows XP, bn m Control Panel/Performance and Maintenance/Power Options, sau chn th "Advanced" v nhp chn mc "Prompt for password when computer resumes from sleep". Vi Screen Saver bn m Control Panel/Display, chn th "Screen Saver" v nhp chn "Password protected". Trn Mac OS X, cc bn vo "System Preferences", chn mc "Security", chn th "General" vo nhp chn mc ""Require Password to Wake this Computer from Sleep or Screen Saver.". 4. Khi khng s dng my tnh, hy tt chng i Vic ny khng ch gip bn bo mt my tnh ca mnh vi l do nh mc 3 trn m cn gip bn tit kim in trong giai on gi c tng cao nh hin nay. 5. Thay i mt khu ca bn mt thng mt ln Hy chc chn rng bn c mt mt khu mnh ng nhp vo my tnh ca mnh. S dng chung mt mt khu cho tt c mi th hay mt khu qu d on u l mt sai lm thng gp ca nhiu ngi dng my tnh v to c hi cho k xu truy cp my tnh ca bn. Nu c th, hy thay mt khu mt thng mt ln gia c bo mt cho my tnh ca bn. Mt mt khu tt nn c s xut hin ca c ch ci, con s, v biu tng (v d nh 2012Tinhte@vn! c th c coi l mnh).

6. Hy ci mt chng trnh Antivirus hiu qu v lun cp nht chng Nhiu ngi thng khng ci t cho mnh mt chng trnh Antivirus hiu qu bo v my tnh v nhiu l do (lo s chm my, rc ri, khng hiu r...) tuy nhin vic ny chng khc g bn i xe t ngoi ng m khng cn phanh v mt ngy tai nn nht nh s xy n vi bn. Hy ci cho mnh mt chng trnh Antivirus c ph hoc min ph (nhng vn rt tt). Trn Windows cc bn c th ci cc phn mm nh AVG Antivirus (AV), Avast Free AV, Avira AV, hay MS Security Essentials l cc phn mm min ph c uy tn v c nh gi cao. Trn Mac OS X c th k n Avast Free Antivirus, Avira Free Security, hay ClamXav. Hu ht cc chng trnh antivirus hin nay khi c ci t u c th t ng cp nht c s d liu virus ca n hng ngy, thm ch hng gi v bn khng cn phi thit lp g c. Do vy vic bo v my tnh ca mnh chng li virus cng kh n gin nh ang gin vy. 7. Kch hot Firewall (Tng la) Hiu n gin, tng la y mang ngha mt h thng phn mm gip ngn chn cc kt ni khng mong mun gia my tnh vi bn ngoi. Nu khng mun ci thm phn mm tng la ca bn th 3, bn hon ton c th kch hot tnh nng tng la c sn ca h iu hnh bn ang dng, bi c Mac OS v Windows u c sn tnh nng ny i km vi h iu hnh. Trn Windows 7, bn nhp vo thanh "Start Menu", g "Windows Firewall", pha bn phi mc "Windows Firewall State" l "On" th bn khng cn phi lm g na. Trong trng hp ngc li, bn chn mc Turn Windows Firewall on or off v nhp chn vo biu tng tm khin mu xanh. Trn Mac OS X, bn m System Preferences, di mc Personal chn Security sau chn panel Firewall, nu c dng ch Firewall On bn ct tri th ngha l Firewall kch hot, trong trng hp ngc li th bn nhp vo nt Start. i vi phn mm tng la ca hng th 3, trn Windows cc bn c th tham kho ZoneAlarm Free Firewall , hay Private FireWall (tt c u min ph). Trn Mac OS X c Little Snitch (c ph) hay Radio Silence (c ph). Ngoi ra, bn cng c th s dng cc b phn mm c ch Internet Security (v d ca BitDefender, Norton, Avira...) kt hp c tnh nng ca Antivirus v tng la trong mt sn phm. Hy nh gi cho mnh an ton khi cc cuc tn cng trn mng. 8. Sao lu d liu thng xuyn Khng phi my tnh, m chnh l d liu n cha mi thc s mang nhiu gi tr i vi phn ln ngi dng. Tuy nhin, khng phi ai cng thng ngh n vic sao lu d liu qu gi ca mnh. Do vy, cn phi thay i thi quen . C hng ng chng trnh sao lu (backup) d liu trn mng c c ph ln min ph cho bn s dng. Trong trng hp li nht, bn ch vic n gin sao chp cc tp tin/th mc quan trng sang mt cng gn ngoi hoc ti ln mng (Mediafire, Fshare...), th l xong, khng cn phi dng phn mm no c.

Ngoi ra, cn c mt la chn sao lu d liu t ng s dng cc dch v lu tr in ton m my ni ln trong i ba nm gn y nh Dropbox, SugarSync, Google Drive, Skydrive.. rt tin li. Vi cc dch v lu tr in ton m my nh th ny h thng s t ng ng b mt/mt vi th mc xc nh no (do bn thit lp) theo thi gian thc ln trn mng internet, bn s khng cn phi bn tm nhiu n vic sao lu d liu ca mnh na. Ngun: BusinessInsider