ESTE

Cu 1: Thy phn cht A c cng thc C4H18O5 thu c ru etylic v cht hu c B. Cho bit s mol A bng s mol ru etylic bng s mol B. B c iu ch trc tip t glucoz bng phn ng ln men. Trng ngng B thu c mt polime. Xc nh cng thc ca A v B. A. C2H5OCO CH CH2 COOC2H5 v C2H5OH OH B. CH3COO CH (CH2)2 COOC2H5 v CH3 CH COOH OH OH C. HCOOCH (CH2)3 COOC2H5 v CH3 CH CH3 OH OH D. CH3 CH COO CH COOC2H5 v CH3 CH COOH OH CH3 OH Cu 2: Thy phn este A bng dung dch NaOH thu c mui B v cht D. Bit: - B tc dng vi dung dch AgNO3/NH3 thu c Ag v dung dch X. Cho dung dch X tc dng vi dung dch H2SO4 long thu c kh CO2. + 2 H + HCl - D c cng thc (CH2O)n. Bit D E F Ni, to - F c cng thc (CH2Cl)n. Cng thc cu to ca A, B, D, E, F ln lt l: A. HCOOCH=CH2, HCOONa, CH3CHO, C2H5OH, C2H5Cl B. HCOOCH2CHO, HCOONa, HOCH2CHO, HO(CH2)2OH, Cl(CH2)2Cl C. CH3COOCH=CH2, CH3COONa, CH3CHO, C2H5OH, C2H5Cl D. C A, B, C u ng Cu 3: Hp cht hu c C4H7O2Cl khi thy phn trong mi trng kim c cc sn phm trong c hai cht c kh nng trng gng. Cng thc cu to ng l: A. HCOO-CH2-CHCl-CH3 B. CH3COO-CH2Cl C. C2H5COO-CH2-CH3 D. HCOOCHCl-CH2-CH3 Cu 4: Thy phn este E c CTPT l C4H8O2 vi xc tc axit v c long, thu c hai sn phm hu c X, Y (ch cha cc nguyn t C, H, O). T X c th iu ch trc tip ra Y bng mt phn ng duy nht. Cht X l: A. Axit axetic B. Ru etylic C. Etyl axetat D. Axit fomic Cu 5: Cho cc cht metanol (A), nc (B), etanol (C), axit axetic (D), phenol (E). linh ng ca nguyn t H trong nhm (-OH) ca phn t dung mi cht tng dn theo th t sau: A. A, B, C, D, E B. E, B, A, C, D C. B, A, C, D, E D. C, A, B, E, D Cu 6: C 2 hp cht hu c (X), (Y) cha cc nguyn t C, H, O, khi lng phn t u bng 74. Bit (X) tc dng c vi Na, c (X), (Y) u tc dng c vi dd NaOH v dd AgNO3/NH3. Vy X, Y c th l: A. C4H9OH v HCOOC2H5 B. CH3COOCH3 v HOC2H4CHO C. OHC-COOH v C2H5COOH D. OHC-COOH v HCOOC2H5 Cu 7: T mt loi ng vt Vit Nam, ngi ta tch c hp cht A c CTPT l C8H14O2. Thy phn A thu c B (C6H12O) v C (C2H4O2). B l hp cht mch h khng phn nhnh, tn ti dng trans, c th tc dng vi dung dch H2SO4 long ngui sinh ra hexantriol-1,2,3. CTCT ca C, B v A ln lt l: CH3 CH2 CH2 H CH3 CH2 CH2 H A. CH3COOH, C=C v C=C H CH2OH H CH2OOCCH3 B. HCOOCH3, CH3(CH2)2CH CH = CH2 v CH3(CH2)2CH CH = CH2 OH OOC CH3 C. C A v B u ng D. Kt qu khc. Cu 8: Hai este A, B l dn xut ca benzen c cng thc phn t l C9H8O2; A v B u cng hp vi brom theo t l mol l 1 : 1. A tc dng vi xt cho mt mui v mt anehit. B tc ng vi xt d cho 2 mui v nc, cc mui c khi lng phn t ln hn khi lng phn t ca natri axetat. Cng thc cu to ca A v B c th l: A. HOOC-C6H4-CH=CH2 v CH2=CH-COOC6H5 B. C6H5COOCH=CH2 v C6H5-CH=CH-COOH C. HCOOC6H4CH=CH2 v HCOOCH=CH-C6H5 D. C6H5COOCH=CH2 v CH2=CH-COOC6H5 Cu hi 9: Xc nh cng thc cu to cc cht A2, A3, A4 theo s bin ha sau: 1
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C4H8O2 A2 A3 A4 C2H6 A. C2H5OH; CH3COOH v CH3COONa B. C3H7OH; C2H5COOH v C2H5COONa C. C4H9OH; C3H7COOH v C3H7COONa D. Kt qu khc Cu 10: Cho s chuyn ha sau: (A) NaOH (1 : 1) (X) to CH (D) (E) C H OH NaOH (B) 4 2 5 Bit (X) cha C, H, O. (D) c 3 nguyn t. Mi mi tn l mt phn ng. Cc cht A, B, E c th l: A. HCOOCH=CHCH3, HCOONa v C2H4 B. CH3COOCH=CHCH3, CH3COONa v (C6H10O5)n C. CH3COOCH=CH2, CH3COONa v C6H12O6 D. C A, B, C u sai Cu 11: Mt cht ty ra tng hp (cht E) c iu ch theo s : + C6 H 6 + H 2SO 4 + Na 2 CO3 C12H24 A D + B E + D + G Cc cht B v D c th l: A. (C12H25C6H4)2SO4 v H2O B. C12H25C6H4SO3H v SO2 C. C12H25C6H4SO3H v H2O D. C A, B, C u sai Cu 12: Cho s bin ha sau: trug h n p xt, t o CH3COOH + CH CH A nA B + nNaOH CaO, t o B C + D C + NaOH E + F Cc cht A v B c th l: A. CH3COOCH=CH2 v C2H5COONa B. CH2=CHCOOCH3 v CH3COONa C. CH2=CHCOOCH3 v C2H5COONa D. CH3COOCH=CH2 v CH3COONa Cu 13: Cho s chuyn ho sau: (1) C3H4O2 + NaOH (A) + (B); (2) (A) + H2SO4 long (C) + (D) (3) (C) + AgNO3 + NH3 + H2O (E) + Ag + NH4NO3; (4) (B) + AgNO3 + NH3 + H2O (F) + Ag + NH4NO3 Cc cht B v C c th l: A. HCHO v CH3CHO B. HCOOH v CH3CHO C. HCHO v HCOOH D. CH3CHO v HCOONa Cu 14: C hai este l ng phn ca nhau v u do cc axit no mt ln v ru no mt ln to thnh. x phng ha 22,2 gam hn hp hai este ni trn phi dng ht 12 gam NaOH nguyn cht. Cc mui sinh ra sau khi x phng ha c sy n khan v cn c 21,8 gam (gi thit l hiu sut phn ng t 100%). Cho bit cng thc cu to ca hai este? A. CH3COOC2H5 v C2H5COOCH3 B. HCOOC2H5 v CH3COO CH3 C. C3H7COOCH3 v CH3COOC3H7 D. Cu A, B, C u sai Cu 15: Hp cht hu c X cha C, H, O, mch thng, c khi lng phn ng 146. X khng tc dng vi natri kim loi. Ly 14,6 gam X tc dng va 100ml dung dch NaOH 2M thu c hn hp gm mt mui v mt ru. Cng thc cu to c th c ca X l: A. HCOO(CH2)4OCOH B. CH3COO(CH2)2OCOCH3 C. CH3OOC-(CH2)2-COOCH3 hoc C2H5OOC-COOC2H5 D. C A, B, C u ng Cu 16: Cht X cha C, H, O c khi lng phn t bng 74. X tc dng c vi dung dch NaOH v dung dch AgNO3 / NH3. Khi t chy 7,4g X thy th tch CO2 thu c vt qu 4,7lt ( iu kin tiu chun). Xc nh cng thc cu to ca X: A. CH3COOCH3 B. HCOOCH3 C. HCOOC2H5 D. HCOOH Cu 17: Mun trung ha 5,6 gam mt cht bo X cn 6ml dung dch KOH 0,1M . Hy tnh ch s axit ca cht bo X v tnh lng KOH cn trung ha 4 gam cht bo coY ch s axit bng 7. A. 5 v 14mg KOH B. 4 v 26mg KOH C. 3 v 56mg KOH D. 6 v 28mg KOH Cu 18: t chy hon ton mt lng hn hp 2 este, cho sn phm phn ng chy qua bnh ng P2O5 d, khi lng bnh tng thm 6,21 gam, sau cho qua tip dung dch Ca(OH)2 d, thu c 34,5 gam kt ta. Cc este trn thuc loi g? (n chc hay a chc, no hay khng no). A. Este thuc loi no B. Este thuc loi khng no C. Este thuc loi no, n chc D. Este thuc loi khng no a chc . Cu 19: X l este ca mt axit hu c n chc v ru n chc. thy phn hon ton 6,6 gam cht X ngi ta dng 34,10 ml dung dch NaOH 10% c d = 1,1 gam/ml (lng NaOH ny d 2% so vi lng NaOH cn dng cho phn ng). Cho bit cng thc cu to ca cht X? A. CH3COOCH3 B. HCOOC3H7 C. CH3COOC2H5 D. C B v C u ng. Cu 20: Hai cht hu c X v Y u n chc l ng phn ca nhau. t chy hon ton 5,8 gam hn hp X v Y cn 8,96 lt oxi (ktc) thu c kh CO2 v hi nc theo t l VCO2 : VH2O = 1 : 1 (o cng iu kin). Cng thc n gin ca X v Y l: 2

A. C2H4O B. C3H6O C. C4H8O D. C5H10O Cu 21: X l hn hp ca hai este ng phn vi nhau. cng iu kin nhit v p sut, 1 lt hi X nng gp 2 ln 1 lt kh CO2. Thy phn 35,2 gam X bng 4 lt dd NaOH 0,2M c dung dch Y. C cn Y thu c 44,6 gam cht rn khan. Bit hai este do ru no n chc v axit no n chc to thnh. Xc nh CTPT ca cc este. A. C2H4O2 B. C3H6O2 C. C4H8O2 D. C5H10O2 Cu 22: Hn hp Y gm hai este n chc mch h l ng phn ca nhau. Cho m gam hn hp Y tc dng va vi 100ml dung dch NaOH 0,5M, thu c mt mui ca mt axit cacboxylic v hn hp hai ru. Mt khc t chy hon ton m gam hn hp Y cn dng 5,6 lt O2 v thu c 4,48 lt CO2 (cc th tch kh o iu kin tiu chun). Cng thc cu to ca 2 este trong hn hp Y l: A. CH3COOCH3 v HCOOC2H5 B. C2H5COOCH3 v HCOOC3H C. CH3COOCH3 v CH3COOC2H5 D. HCOOCH2CH3 v HCOO-CH(CH3)2 Cu 23: Mt este hu c n chc c thnh phn khi lng mC : mO = 9 : 8. Cho bit CTCT thu gn ca este? A. HCOOCCH B. HCOOCH=CH2 hoc CH3COOCH3 C. HCOOC2H5 D. C 3 cu A, B, C u ng Cu 24: Mt este hu c n chc c thnh phn khi lng mC : mO = 9 : 8. Cho este trn tc dng vi mt lng dung dch NaOH va , thu mt mui c khi lng bng 41,37 khi lng este. CTCT ng ca este l: A. HCOOC2H5 B. HCOOC2H3 C. CH3COOCH3 D. CH3COOC2H3 Cu 25: Hai hp cht A, B mch h (ch cha C, H, O) n chc u tc dng vi NaOH khng tc dng vi natri. t chy hon ton m gam hn hp X gm A, B cn 8,40 lt O2 thu c 6,72 lit CO2 v 5,4 gam H2O. Cho bit A, B thuc hp cht g? A. Axit n chc khng no B. Este n chc khng no C. Este n chc no D. Tt c u sai Cu 26: Hn hp E gm hai cht hu c A, B c cng chc ha hc. un nng 13,6 gam hn hp E vi dung dch NaOH d thu c sn phm gm mt mui duy nht ca mt axit n chc, khng no hn hp hai ru n chc, no k tip nhau trong dy ng ng. t chy hon ton 27,2 gam hn hp E phi dng ht 33,6 lt kh oxi thu c 29,12 lt kh CO2 v hi nc (cc kh o cng iu kin tiu chun). CTPT ca A, B c th l: A. C3H4O2 v C4H6O2 B. C2H2O2 v C3H4O2 C. C4H6O2 v C5H8O2 D. C4H8O2 v C5H10O2 Cu 27: un nng a gam mt hp cht hu c X c cha C, H, O mch khng phn nhnh vi dung dch cha 11,20g KOH n khi phn ng xy ra hon ton, ta c dung dch B. trung ha va ht lng KOH d trong dung dch B cn dng 80ml dd HCl 0,50M. Lm bay hi hn hp sau khi trung ha mt cch cn thn, ngi ta thu c 7,36 gam hn hp hai ru n chc v 18,34 gam hn hp hai mui. Hy xc nh CTCT ca X? A. H3COOC-CH2-COOC3H7 B. H3COOC=COOC2H5 C. H3COOC-(CH2)2-COOC3H7 D. CH3OOC-CH=CH-COOCH(CH3)2 Cu 28: Cho hp cht X (C, H, O) mch thng, ch cha mt loi nhm chc tc dng va ht 152,5ml dung dch NaOH 25%. C d = 1,28 g/ml. Sau khi sau phn ng xy ra hon ton thu c dung dch A cha mt mui ca axit hu c, hai ru n chc, no ng ng lin tip trung ho hon ton dung dch A cn dng 255ml dung dch HCl 4M. C cn dung dch sau khi trung ha th thu c hn hp hai ru c t khi so vi H2 l 26,5 v 78,67 gam hn hp mui khan. Hp cht X c cng thc cu to l: A. C3H7OOC-C4H8-COOC2H5 B. CH3OOC-C3H6-COOC3H7 C. C3H7OOC-C2H4-COOC2H5 D. Tt c u sai. Cu 29: Mt hp cht hu c X c cng thc phn t C7H12O4. Bit X ch c 1 loi nhm chc, khi cho 16 gam X tc dng va 200 gam dung dch NaOH 4% th thu c mt ru Y v 17,80 gam hn hp 2 mui. Xc nh cng thc cu to thu gn ca X. A. CH3OOC-COOC2H5 B. CH3COO-( CH2)2-OOC2H5 C. CH3COO-(CH2)2-OOC2H5 D. Tt c u sai . Cu 30: Khi x phng ha 2,18 gam Z c cng thc phn t l C9H14O6 dng 40ml dung dch NaOH 1M. trung ha lng xt d sau phn ng phng ha phi dng ht 20ml dung dch HCl 0,5M. Sau phn ng x ng ha ngi ta nhn c ru no B v mui natri ca axit hu c mt axit. Bit rng 11,50 gam B th hi chim th tch bng th tch ca 3,75 gam etan (o cng nhit v p sut). Cho cc phn ng xy ra hon ton. Tm cng thc cu to ca ru B? A. C2H4(OH)2 B. C3H5(OH)3 C. C3H6(OH)2 D. C4H7(OH)3 Cu 31: Mt este n chc, mch h c khi lng l 2,9 gam tc dng vi 150ml dung dch KOH 1 M. Sau phn ng thu mt mui v anehit. Cng thc cu to ca este l: A. HCOOCH=CH-CH3 B. CH3COOCH=CH2 C. C2H5COOCH=CH2 D. HCOOCH=CH-CH3 v CH3COOCH=CH2 Cu 32: Khi thy phn 0,01 mol mt este ca mt ru a chc v mt axit n chc phi dng 1,2 gam NaOH. Mt khc, khi thy phn 6,35 gam este cn 3 gam NaOH v thu c 7,05 gam mui. CTCT ca este l: 3

A. CH2=CHCOOCH2 CH2=CHCOOCH2
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B. CH3COOCH2 CH3COOCH
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C. CH2=CHCOOCH2 CH2=CHCOOCH
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D. C2H5COOCH2 C2H5COOCH
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HO CH2 CH2=CHCOOCH2 C2H5COOCH2 Cu 33: thy phn 25,4 gam este X cn dng 200 gam dung dch NaOH 6%. Mt khc, khi thy phn 6,35 gam este A bng xt thu c 7,05 gam mui duy nht. Bit rng mt trong hai cht (ru hoc axit) to thnh este n chc, khi lng phn t ca este l 254 vC. Cng thc cu to thu gn ca este l: A. C2H5COOCH2 B. CH3COOCH2 C. CH2=CHCOOCH2 D. C2H5COOCH2 C2H5COOCH2
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CH3COOCH
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CH2=CHCOOCH
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C2H5COOCH
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CH3COOCH2 CH2=CHCOOCH2 C2H5COOCH2 Cu 34: Cho 2,76 gam cht hu c A cha C, H, O tc dng vi dung dch NaOH va , sau chng kh th phn bay hi ch c nc, phn cht rn khan cn li cha hai mui ca natri chim khi lng 4,44 gam. Nung nng hai mui ny trong oxi d, sau khi phn ng hon ton, ta thu c 3,18 gam Na 2CO3 2,464 lt kh CO2 (ktc) v 0,9 gam nc. Bit cng thc n gin cng l cng thc phn t. Cng thc cu to thu gn ca A l: A. C6H5COOH B. HCOOC6H5 C. HCOOC6H4OH D. Tt c u sai Cu 35: Mt cht hu c X c cng thc n gin l C4H4O tc dng va dung dch KOH nng 11,666%. Sau phn ng thu c dung dch Y. C cn dung dch Y th phn hi ch c H2O vi khi lng 86,6 gam, cn li l cht rn Z c khi lng l 23 gam. Cng thc cu to ca X c th l: A. CH3COOC6H5 B. HCOOC6H4CH3 C. HCOOC6H4-C2H5 D. HCOOC4H4-OH Cu 36: Mt hn hp gm hai este u n chc, c 3 nguyn t C, H, O. Ly 0,25 mol hai este ny phn ng vi 175ml dung dch NaOH 2M un nng th thu c mt anehit no mch h v 28,6 gam hai mui hu c. Cho bit khi lng mui ny bng 1,4655 ln khi lng mui kia. Phn trm khi lng ca oxi trong anehit l 27,58%. Xc nh cng thc cu to ca hai este. A. CH3COOCH=CH2 v HCOOC6H5 B. HCOOCH-CH2 v CH3COOC6H5 C. HCOOCH=CH-CH3 v HCOOC6H5 D. Kt qu khc Cu 37: t chy 1,7 gam este X cn 2,52 lt oxi (ktc), ch sinh ra CO2 v H2O vi t l s mol n CO2 : n H2O = 2. un nng 0,01 mol X vi dd NaOH thy 0,02 mol NaOH tham gia phn ng. X khng c chc ete, khng phn ng vi Na trong iu kin bnh thng v khng kh c AgNO3/NH3 ngay c khi un nng. Bit Mx < 140 vC. Hy xc nh cng thc cu to ca X? A. HCOOC6H5 B. CH3COOC6H5 C. C2H5COOC6H5 D. C2H3COOC6H5 Cu 38: Cho 21,8 gam cht hu c A ch cha mt loi nhm chc tc dng vi 1 lt dung dch NaOH 0,5M thu c 24,6 gam mui v 0,1 mol ru B. Lng NaOH d c th trung ha ht 0,5 lt dung dch HCl 0,4. Cho bit cng thc cu to thu gn ca A? A. (CH3COO)3C3H5 B. (HCOO)3C3H5 C. (C2H5COO)3C3H5 D. Kt qu khc Cu 39: x phng ha 17,4 gam mt este no n chc cn dng 300ml dd NaOH 0,5M. CTPT ca este l: A. C6H12O2 B. C3H6O2 C. C5H10O2 D. C4H10O2 Cu 40: X phng ha mt este (X) n chc no bng mt lng va dd NaOH, ch thu c mt sn phm duy nht (Y) khng c sn phm th hai d l lng nh. C cn dung dch sau phn ng, nung cht (Y) vi vi ti xt thu c ru (Z) v mt mui v c. t chy hon ton ru (Z) thu c CO2 v hi nc c t l v th tch ln lt l 3 : 4. CTCT thu gn ca X c th l: A. C2H4 C = O B. C3H6 C = O C. C4H8 C = O D. CH2 C = O O O O O Cu 41: Mt este n chc X (cha C, H, O v khng c nhm chc khc). T khi hi ca X i vi oxi bng 3,125. Cho 20 gam X tc dng vi 300ml dung dch NaOH 1M. C cn dung dch sau phn ng thu c 23,2 gam b rn. CTCT thu gn ca X c th l: A. CH3COOCH3 B. CH3COOCH=CH2 C. C2H5COOCH=CH2 D. HCOOCH=CH2 Cu 42: Mt este n chc X (cha C, H, O v khng c nhm chc khc). T khi hi ca X i vi oxi bng 3,125. Cho 0,15mol X tc dng va vi dung dch NaOH. C cn dung dch sau phn ng thu c 21 gam mui khan (X c mch khng phn nhnh). CTCT thu gn ca X c th l: A. C4H8 C = O B. C3H6 C = O C. C2H4 C = O D. CH2 C = O O O O O Cu 43: Cho 0,01 mol mt este X phn ng va ht vi 100ml dung dch NaOH 0,2M, sn phm to ra ch gm mt mui v mt ru u c s mol bng s mol ca este, u c cu to mch thng. Mt khc khi x phng ha hon 4

ton 2,58 gam este bng lng KOH va , phi dng 20ml dung dch KOH 1,5M thu c 3,3 gam mui. Hy xc nh cng thc cu to ca este COOCH2 COOCH2 CH3COOCH2 HCOOCH2 A. (CH2)4 B. (CH2)3 C. D. COOCH2 COOCH2 CH3COOCH2 HCOOCH2 Cu 43: Cho 0,01 mol mt este ca axit hu c phn ng va vi 100ml dung dch NaOH 0,2M, sn phm to thnh ch gm mt ru v mt mui vi s mol bng nhau. Mt khc, khi x phng ha hon ton 1,29 gam este bng mt lng va l 60ml dung dch KOH 0,25M, sau khi phn ng kt thc em c cn dung dch c 1,665gam mui khan.Cho bit cng thc cu to ca este? COOCH2 COOCH2 CH3COOCH2 A. (CH2)4 B. CH2 C. D. Kt qu khc COOCH2 COOCH2 CH3COOCH2 Cu 45: Mt hn hp X gm hai cht hu c. Cho hn hp X phn ng vi KOH va , cn dng 100ml dung dch KOH 5M. Sau phn ng thu c hn hp hai mui ca hai axit no n chc v c mt ru no n chc Y. Cho ton b Y tc ng ht vi Na c 3,36 lt H2. Cho bit hai hp cht hu c l hp cht g? A. 1 axit v 1 ru B. 1 este v 1 ru C. 2 este D. 1 este v 1 axit Cu 46: Cho hn hp M gm 2 hp cht hu c mch thng X, Y (ch cha C, H, O) tc dng va vi 8 gam NaOH thu c mt ru n chc v hai mui ca hai axit hu c n chc k tip nhau trong dy ng ng. Lng ru thu c cho tc dng vi Na d to ra 2,24 lt kh (ktc). X, Y thuc loi hp cht g? A. axit B. 1 axit v 1 este C. 2 este D. 1 ru v 1 axit . Cu 47: Cho hn hp M gm 2 cht hu c no, n chc cha cc nguyn t C, H, O tc dng va vi 20ml dung dch NaOH 2M thu c 1 mui v mt ru. un nng lng ru thu c trn vi H2SO4 c 1700C to ra 369,6ml olefin kh 27,30C v 1atm. Nu t chy hon ton lng hn hp M trn ri cho sn phm qua bnh ng CaO d th khi lng bnh tng 7,75 gam. Hy chn cu tr li ng? A. 1 este v 1 axit c gc hirocacbon ging gc axit trong este. B. 1 axit v 1 ru C. 1 este v 1 ru c gc hirocacbon ging gc ru trong este. D. C A, B, C u ng. Cu 48: t chy hon ton mt lng hn hp hai cht hu c n chc no, mch h cn 3,976 lt oxi (o diu kin tiu chun) thu c 6,38 g CO2. Cho lng este ny tc dng va vi KOH thu c hn hp hai ru k tip v 3,92 g mui ca mt axit hu c. Cng thc cu to ca hai cht hu c trong hn hp u l: A. HCOOCH3 v C2H5COOCH3 B. CH3COOC2H5 v C3H7OH C. CH3COOCH3 v CH3COOC2H5 D. CH3COOCH3 v CH3COOC2H5 Cu 49: t chy a gam mt este sau phn ng thu c 9,408 lt CO 2 v 7,56g H2O, th tch oxi cn dng l 11,76 lt ( ktc). Bit este ny do mt axit n chc v ru n chc to nn. Cho bit CTPT ca este: A. C4H8O2 B. C3H6O2 C. C2H4O2 D. C5H10O2 Cu 50: t Chy hon ton 2,2 gam mt cht hu c X n chc c hn hp CO2 v hi nc c t l s mol 1 : 1. Tm cng thc nguyn ca X v suy ra cng thc phn t ca X bit X c phn ng vi dung dch NaOH. A. (C2H4O)n v C4H8O2 B. (C2H4O)n v C6H12O2 C. (CH2O)n v C2H4O2 D. Kt qu khc. Cu 51: Oxi ha 1,02 gam cht Y, thu c 2,16 gam CO 2 v 0,88 gam H2O hi ca A so vi khng kh bng 3,52. Cho 5,1 gam Y tc dng vi dd NaOH d, thu c 4,80 gam mui v 1 ru. Cng thc cu to ca Y l: A. CH3COOC2H5 B. HCOOC2H5 C. C3H7COOC2H5 D. C2H5COOC2H5 Cu 52: t chy hon ton 1,46 gam cht X gm c C, H, O thu c 1,344 lt kh CO2 ( ktc) v 0,90 gam H2O. T khi hi ca X so vi hiro bng 73. Bit khi thy phn 0,1 mol X bng dung dch KOH, thu c 0,2 mol ru etylic v 0,1 mol mui Y. Cht X c cng thc cu to l: A. CH3COOC2H5 B. HCOOC2H5 C. H2C COOC2H5 D. COOC2H5 COOC2H5 COOC2H5 Cu 53: Cht hu c X c cng thc phn t l C5H8O2. Cho X tc dng vi dung dch Br2 thu c cht hu c Y c cng thc l C5H8O2Br2. un nng Y trong NaOH d thu c glixerol, NaBr v mui cacboxylat ca axit Z. Vy cng thc cu to ca X l : A. CH3COOCH2-CH=CH2 B. CH3-COOCH=CH-CH3 C. CH2=CH-COOCH2CH3 D. HCOOCH(CH3)-CH=CH2 Cu 54: Hn hp M gm ancol no, n chc X v axit cacboxylic n chc Y, u mch h v c cng s nguyn t C, tng s mol ca hai cht l 0,5 mol (s mol ca Y ln hn s mol ca X). Nu t chy hon ton M th thu c 33,6 lt kh CO2 (ktc) v 25,2 gam H2O. Mt khc, nu un nng M vi H2SO4 c thc hin phn ng este ho (hiu sut l 80%) th s gam este thu c l A. 22,80 B. 34,20 C. 27,36 D. 18,24 5
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Cu 55: Hp cht X (C, H, O) cha mt nhm chc trong phn t, khng tc dng vi Na, tc dng vi NaOH c th theo t l 1 : 1 hay 1 : 2. Khi t chy phn t gam X cho 7 phn t gam CO2. Tm cng thc cu to ca X: A. C2H5COOC4H9 B. C3H7COOC3H7 C. HCOOC6H5 D. Kt qu khc Cu 56: t chy hon ton mt este n chc, mch h X (phn t c s lin kt nh hn 3), thu c th tch kh CO2 bng 6/7 th tch kh O2 phn ng (cc th tch kh o cng iu kin). Cho m gam X tc dng hon ton vi 200 ml dung dch KOH 0,7M thu c dung dch Y. C cn Y thu c 12,88 gam cht rn khan. Gi tr ca m l A. 10,56 B. 7,20 C. 8,88 D. 6,66 Cu 57: t chy hon ton 1,48 gam mt hp cht hu c X thu c 2,64 gam kh cacbonic v 1,08 gam nc. Bit X l este hu c n chc. Este X tc dng vi dung dch NaOH cho mt mui c khi lng phn t bng 34/37 khi lng phn t ca este. a/ Xc nh cng thc cu to ca X: A. CH3COOCH3 B. HCOOC2H5 C. C2H5COOCH3 D. Cu A v B ng b/ Cho 1 gam este X tc dng vi nc. Sau mt thi gian, trung ha hn hp bng dung dch NaOH 0,1M thy cn ng 45 ml. Vit phng trnh phn ng xy ra xc nh t l % este cha b thy phn: A. 50% B. 60% C. 67,7% D. 33,3% Cu 58: Hp cht hu c mch h X c cng thc phn t C5H10O. Cht X khng phn ng vi Na, tho mn s o COOH, SO4 chuyn ho sau: X + H2, Y + CH Xt H2 Este c mi chui chn. Tn ca X l Ni,t 3 A. pentanal. B. 2-metylbutanal. C. 3-metylbutanal. D. 2,2-imetylpropanal Cu 59: Hn hp A gm 2 este ta ng phn ca nhau v u to thnh t cc axit n chc v ru n chc khc nhau. Cho 2,2 gam hn hp A bay hi 136,50C v 1 atm th thu c 840 ml este. Mt khc em thy phn hon ton 26,4 gam hn hp A bng dung dch NaOH ri em c cn th thu c 21,8 gam cht rn khan. Cng thc cu to 2 este l: A. HCOOC3H7 v CH3COOC2H5 B. HCOOC3H7 v C2H5COOCH3 C. A v B u ng D. Kt qu khc. Cu 60: Mt este E (khng c nhm chc khc) c cng thc n gin (C7H6O2)n, M < 140. CTCT ca este l: A. CH3COOC4H3 B. C4H4COOCH3 C. HCOOC6H5 D. Kt qu khc Cu 61: Cho hn hp X gm 1 ru n chc no v mt ru n chc phn t c 1 lin kt i, c khi lng m gam. Khi np m gam hn hp vo 1 bnh kn Y dung tch 6 lt v cho X bay hi 136,50C. Khi X bay hi hon ton th p sut trong bnh l 0,28 atm. Nu cho m gam X este ha vi 45 gam axit axetic th hiu sut phn ng t H%. Tng khi lng este thu c theo m v n l: A. [(2m + 4,2)H]/100 B. [(1,5m + 3,15)H]/100 C. [(m + 2,1)H]/100 D. Kt qu khc. Cu 62: X phng ha este X n chc no chc thu c mt cht hu c Y cha Na. C cn, sau thm vi ti xt vo ri nung nhit cao c mt ru C v mt mui v c. t chy hon ton ru ny c CO 2 v hi nc theo t l v th tch l 2/3. Cng thc cu to este l: A. CH2 C = O B. CH3 CH C = O C. CH3CH2CH2COOCH3 D. C A v B u ng O CH2 O Cu 63: Hp cht hu c X tc dng c vi dd NaOH un nng v vi dd AgNO3/NH3. Th tch ca 3,7 gam hi cht X bng th tch ca 1,6 gam kh O2 (cng iu kin v nhit v p sut). Khi t chy hon ton 1 gam X th th tch kh CO2 thu c vt qu 0,7 lt ( ktc). Cng thc cu to ca X l C. CH3COOCH3 D. O=CH-CH2-CH2OH A. HCOOC2H5 B. HOOC-CHO Cu 64: Hn hp M gm axit cacboxylic X, ancol Y (u n chc, s mol X gp hai ln s mol Y) v este Z c to ra t X v Y. Cho mt lng M tc dng va vi dung dch cha 0,2 mol NaOH, to ra 16,4 gam mui v 8,05 gam ancol. Cng thc ca X v Y l C. CH3COOH v CH3OH. D. CH3COOH v C2H5OH. A. HCOOH v CH3OH. B. HCOOH v C3H7OH. Cu 65: t chy hon ton 2,76 gam hn hp X gm CxHyCOOH, CxHyCOOCH3, CH3OH thu c 2,688 lt CO2 (ktc) v 1,8 gam H2O. Mt khc, cho 2,76 gam X phn ng va vi 30 ml dung dch NaOH 1M, thu c 0,96 gam CH3OH. Cng thc ca CxHyCOOH l A. C2H5COOH. B. CH3COOH. C. C3H5COOH. D. C2H3COOH. Cu 66: Thy phn este Z trong mi trng axit thu c hai cht hu c X v Y (MX < MY). Bng mt phn ng c th chuyn ho X thnh Y. Cht Z khng th l. A. etyl axetat. B. metyl propionat. C. vinyl axetat. D. metyl axetat. Cu 67: Tng s hp cht hu c no, n chc, mch h, c cng cng thc phn t C5H10O2, phn ng c vi dung dch NaOH nhng khng c phn ng trng bc l A. 5. B. 9. C. 8. D. 4. 6

Cu 68: Hn hp X gm hai este no, n chc, mch h. t chy hon ton mt lng X cn dng va 3,976 lt kh O2 ( ktc), thu c 6,38 gam CO2. Mt khc, X tc dng vi dung dch NaOH, thu c mt mui v hai ancol l ng ng k tip. Cng thc phn t ca hai este trong X l C. C3H4O2 v C4H6O2. D. C2H4O2 v C3H6O2 A. C3H6O2 v C4H8O2. B. C2H4O2 v C5H10O2.