Phase rule: Equilibrium systems commonly studied # 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 Equilibrium system CaCO3 (s) =========== CaO (s) + CO2 (g)

MgCO3 (s) =========== MgO (s) + CO2 (g) Ice ========= water ========== water vapour NH4Cl (s) ============== NH3 (g) + HCl (g) 2 KClO3 (s) =============== 2 KCl (s) + 3 O2 (g) Oil in water emulsion or water in oil emulsion PCL5 (s) ======= P Cl3 (l) + Cl2 (g) CuSO4 5 H2O (s) ======= CuSO4 3 H2O (s) + 2 H2O (g) Salt or sugar in water solution Sulfur system, rhombic, monoclinic, liquid, vapour Iodine (s) ========= Iodine (g) Iodine in chloroform solution or ethanol soluion Fe (s) + H2O (g) ========= FeO (s) + H2 (g) C (s ) ====== CO (g) ====== CO2 (g) + O2 (g) N2O4 (g) ======== 2 NO2 (g) Homogeneous mixture of NaCl and KCl Powdered diamond and graphite, homogeneous Finely ground, homogeneous mixture ofgraphite, sulfur & sodium chloride Total number of phases components 3 2 3 2 3 1 2 1 3 2 1 2 3 2 3 2 1 2 4 1 2 1 1 2 3 3 2 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 3