Tnh pH ca dung dch hn hp HCl 10-4 M v CH3COOH 10-2 M.

Bi gii 1:
[CH 3COO ][ H + ]
[CH3 COOH ]
Ka =
[ H + ] = Ka
(1)
[CH 3COOH ]
[CH3 COO ]
+

Cn bng in tch 2 v: [ H ] = [CH 3COO ] + [Cl ] + [OH ]

mi trng acid. C th b qua [OH-]. Vi [Cl-]=CHCl=10-4.
Vy: [CH3COO-]=[H+]=10-4.
S bo ton khi lng:
[CH 3COOH ] + [CH3COO ] = 102
C th b qua [CH3COO-] trc [CH3COOH]( v acid yu ion ha km) nn [CH3COOH]=
10-2.
102
+
5
[
H
]
=
1,
78.10
.
[ H + ] = 4, 71.104 pH = 3,33.
Thay vo (1):
+
4
[ H ] 10

Bi gii 2:
CH 3COOH H + + CH3 COO
BD

102

104

CB

102 x

x + 104

( x + 104 ) x
= 1, 78.105
102 x
104 x
x = 104 2 = 1, 78.105 x = 1, 78.103 (loai ).
10
2
x = 10 th 102 x 102 x2 + 104 x 1, 78.105 .102 = 0 x = 3, 75.104 (nhan). pH = 3, 43.

Ka =