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M U
Bia l loi nc gii kht mt b, c cn thp, c bt mn xp, c hng v
c trng, giu dinh dng. Ngoi vic cung cp 1 lng calo ln trong bia
,cn cha mt phc h enzim c tc dng kch thch tiu ho.
T nhng nguyn liu chnh malt i mch , hoa houblon v nc to cho
bia hng thm c trng , v ng lp bt trng mn hm lng CO 2 bo ho
c tc dng gim bt cn kht.
V vy n c s dng rng ri hu ht cc quc gia trn th gii Vi sn
lng ngy cng tng .con ngi bit ch bin v s dng sn phm ny khong
7000 nm
Qu trnh pht trin ca bia c chia lm 2 thi k,cng ngh khng ngng
i mi v thit b ngy cng tn tin
*Qu trnh trc pasteur
Qu trnh pht trin ch yu ngnh bia l theo kinh nghim
T bc khi u th dn cc b lc dng ht i mch hoc k rang ln
ri nghin nh nu chn sau em lm thc n cho gia sc . T y con
ngi pht hin trong sn phm ny rt c trng, hng v ngon v lm sn
phm cho ngi c gi l bia nc ung v c lu truyn n by gi
Bia lc u c ch bin th s hay i mch sau nghin nh v nu chn
tip ngm vo nc , nu nc ngm tin hnh ln men t do v qu
trnh ln men ru vi cc qu trnh sinh ho di s tc ng ca vsv ngi ta
thu c mt th nc ung hi chua c nhiu bt . Khi ung vo c th con
ngi cm thy kch thch d chu ,sau bit s dng malt i mch ch
bin nc ung . Dn dn h bit dng hng thm c di to hng thm
cho loi nc ung trn .
Con ngi khng ngng tm ti b xung cho cht lng ca bia v ti y
h tm c hoa houblon cch y 3000 nm trc cng nguyn . T khi bit
ch bin v s dng hoa houblon k thut c nng ln mt bc . nhng
1.a im xy dng
y l mt nh my bia sn xut bia c gi tr ph hp vi ti tin ca a s
ngi tiu dng nn nh my phi p dng sao cho hp l.
a im xy dng .
Nh my c xy dng cnh tuyn ng quc l 5A (chy qua thnh ph Hi
Dng). Thnh ph Hi Dng l mt trong nhng trung tm vn ho ca tnh
Hi Dng cng nh ca Min Bc nm trong tam gic kinh t H Hi, Hi
Phng , Qung Ninh . nn vic bun bn kinh t v vn chuyn hng ho rt
thun tin .
Nhng nm gn y c nhng bc chuyn ho c th.
- Nhp tng trng kinh t nhanh .
- Mt phn b kinh t ng.
- C ngun lao ng di do , trnh dn tr v nhu cu v i sng tng
i cao .
- Nhu cu ngi tiu dng ln vi iu kin giao thng thun tin p ng
vic vn chuyn v tiu th sn phm .
2. Ngun cung cp nguyn liu .
- Nguyn liu chnh malt i mch v hoa houblon phi nhp t cc nc c
, Cng Ho Sec , an Mch , Php, c , ch yu l c theo con ng thng
mi v vn chuyn v nh my theo ng b , ng thu , v ng st
u rt thun li , my mc, thit b vt liu xy dng cng c vn chuyn
d dng vi h thng giao thng trn .
4
- ho tan : 65-75%
-
Tinh bt : 56-58%
- Protit : 8-10%
- Hemixenlluloza : 6-9%
- Polyphenol: 5-8%
- Cc cht khong, cht tro : 2,5%
- Cc cht hu c :5-6%
-
* Ch tiu c hc .
Dung trng : 530-600 g/lt
Trng lng tuyt i l trng lng ca 1000 ht malt t 28-38 g/1000 ht
(theo trng lng )
kch thc ht : ng knh ht : 2,5-2,8m m .
2. Hoa houblon :
Hoa houblon l nguyn liu c bn ,ng th hai trong cng ngh sn xut bia .
Hoa houblon lm cho bia c v ng du hng thm rt c trng lm tng kh
nng to v gi bt , lm tng bn keo v n nh thnh phn sinh hc ca
sn phm . Hoa houblon c ba loi sau :
LoI I . mu vng n mu vng ng
LoI II . mu vng lc
Loai III . c mu xanh vng n vng
*cc ch tiu ho hc :
m : 10-12%
Tinh du thm : 0,5-1%
Cht ng : 15-21%
Cht cht : 2,5-6%
Cc cht c nit : 10-21%
8
Xenllulo : 12-14%
Nhng cht kh tan khng c nit : 26-28%
Cht ng : l thnh phn thit yu v c trng nht ca hoa houblon gm
c hai nhm axit ng v nha ng (do cc qu trnh bin i ca axit ng
to ra . trung bnh trong hoa houblon 16-19% ( axit ng 9-11% , nha ng
7-8% )
Humulon v cc ng phn ca n ( cohumulon, adhumulon ) to ra 85-95%
- Mu sc : trng c
- Mi : c mi c trng ca go , khng c mi mc , v l mi bao.
- ho tan : 80-90% .
- m: 12-14%.
- Cht bo : 1-1,5% .
- Protit : 7-8% .
- Cc cht khong : 1-1,2% .
- Xenllulo : 5-8% .
- Tinh bt : 70-75% .
4. Nc
Ta bit rng bia thnh phm hm lng nc chim 88-90% , hm lng cc
cht ho tan trong dch ng trc lc ln men l 10-12% . Nh vy l trong
bia thnh phm nc l ch yu vy nc c vai tr v cng quan trng n l
mt trong nguyn liu chnh sn xut bia .
Trong qu trnh sn xut bia ngoi vic cung cp cho cc khu sn xut nh
phi trn nguyn liu , h ho , ng ho , nc ra b . . . th nc s dng
mt lng ln cho vic v sinh thit b v nh xng . Thnh phn ho hc v
cht lng ca nc cn nh hng trc tip bia thnh phm . Do vic ci
to s l nc c thnh phn v tnh cht thch hp vi tng mc ch s
dng trong sn xut bia l iu cn thit . Nc dng trong sn xut bia phi c
cht lng cao hn nc ung hng ngy .
Nu nc c cha sinh vt l ,cc tp cht hu c th cht lng bia s thay i .
Trong bia s xut hin mi v l nh mi mc mi chua .
Cc loi mui ho tan trong nc cng gy nh hng khng t ti cht lng
ca bia .
Cc loi mui cacbonat c trong nc s ho tan cht ng trong v malt , lm
cho bia c v kh chu .
* Yu cu ca nc dng trong sn xut bia cn t ch tiu sau :
10
- Mu sc : nc sch , trong , t hu c .
-
11
H3Po4
- Nhm ty ra st trng v sinh ng ng , thit b sn xut gm dung dch
axit , xt ngoi ra c th dng nc ty ra ship
- Nhm cc cht dng thu hi CO2 nh : NAOH , KMnO4 , Cl2 khan , than
hot tnh .
- Nhm cc cht chng oxy ho cho bia nh axit ascorbis H2O2 .
- Nhm cht tr lc : bt iatomid , kirlgua .
12
Nhc im: tn hi, tn thi gian thao tc phc tp, chi ph thit b v nh
xng tng
V vy chn c phng php nu v ng ho c hiu qu thu hi c
cht ho tan cao. ng yu cu cng ngh rt ngn thi gian lm vic v rt
ngn chi ph thit b nh xng l iu quan trng .
Sau khi tham kho ti liu v ni thc tp ti chn cho nh my phng php
un si mt ln c s dng nguyn liu thay th 30% l go khng s dng ch
phm enzim , nhm gim chi ph sn xut m vn m bo c cht lng.
2-Cng on ln men :
y l qu trnh ln men ch ng houblon di tc dng ca nm men .
2.1 Chng nm men :
thun li cho cc qu trnh cng ngh ti chn nhng nm men chm
saccharomyces v ln men c nhit tng i cao ln men
ngn ngy . T bo hnh cu, ln men nng xung di y thit b
lm cho bia trong v d lc hn .
* c tnh u vic ca nm men ny trong sn xut bia l .
- c kh nng phn hu hon ton ng rafino ( glilato, melibio, disaccarit)
- kh nng kt nng tt .
- kh nng ln men nhanh do c hun luyn v thun ho , ln men chnh
nhit cao dn ti rt ngn thi gian ln men , cho nng sut cao ph hp
vi cng ngh sn xut bia ngn ngy c thun khit SH cao .
2.2 Phng php ln men :
Hin nay c nhiu phng php ln men tu thuc vo c im cng ngh v
tnh hnh thit b vo tng c s sn xut . Song d bng phng php no cng
i hi phi c hiu sut cao nht v hn ch s to thnh nhng sn phm ph
14
16
GO
MALT
10% malt
NGHIN
NGHIN
ng ho
Nu chn
Ra b
Lc thu hi
dch ng
Hoa
houblon
un si vi hoa
blonhoublo
houblon
nB dng chn nui
Men ging
ging
Nhn ging
Lng trong
Lm lnh
Ln men chnh
Co2
Sa
men
Thu hi co2
Ln men ph
v tng tr
x l
Lc trong bia
B xung co2
Chit bock
Ra bock
Xut xng
bock
Bia hi
17
21
Mc ch :
- Chit cc cht c trong hoa vo dch ng nh trch ly cht ng , tinh du
thm , polyphenol , cc hp cht cha nit v cc thnh phn khc ca hoa vo
dch ng . to cho v ng v ng v hng thm d chu c trng c bn
v tnh cht cm quan ca bia sau ny .
Polyphenol , cht ng , cc cht cha nit trong hoa houblon l nhng cht to
sc cng b mt , c hot tnh cao . nh c mng ny m bt kh CO2 trong bia
khng d dng thot khi b mt ca n . Nhng cht ny tham gia vo qu trnh
to bt v gi bt cho bia .
Khi nu cn xy ra nhiu qu trnh khc nhng qu trnh ny t tc ng theo
chiu hng tch cc n vic hnh thnh cht lng sn phm bia sau ny nh
qu trnh to melanoid , tng chua nh phn , tng cng mu gim bt
nht .
+ Cch tin hnh nu :
-Thit b nu hoa c ch to ging nh ni thu phn , nhng kh nng cp
nhit cao hn . thit b ny c th ch to bng thp khng r hoc hp kim
khc .
-Lng hoa cn dng v phng php np hoa v dch ng .
y ta b xung hoa houblon dng cnh.
+ Lng hoa houblon : 1,2-1,6 g/l dch ng .
+ Cch np hoa : cho 1/3 s lng hoa houblon ca mt m nu vo nc si.
1/3 hoa cho vo sau khi hoa un si 30 pht . 1/3 cho vo cn li trc lc ht
10 pht . thi gian un hoa t 60- 90 pht .
- K thut un si :
Ngay t lt u tin khi dch ng c bm vo thng un hoa ta phi lp tc
gia nhit nng nhit ca dch ng ln .
nhit 70-75 oC h enzim amilaza kp thu phn ht tinh bt cn st li .
Trong qu trnh un ta phi m bo yu cu sau :
Khi qu trnh ra b kt thc th dung dch ng ni hoa cng va si sau khi
un nt dch ra b vo ni un hoa ta cp tip hi dch ng si nhit
24
25
27
30
1.4 Bo ho CO2
a. Mc ch :
Khi CO2 nh qu trnh ln men ru , nm men chuyn ho ng thnh ru
etylc v CO2 trong qu trnh ln men chnh v qu trnh ln men ph mt lng
ln CO2 c thi ra mt phn trong bia mt phn thi vo khng kh . Tuy
nhin trong cng on sau khi ln men ta tin hnh lc bia CO2 b tn tht kh
nhiu v vy phi tin hnh np CO2 cn thit cho bia m bo cht lng
cho bia thnh phm .
b. Tin hnh :
Bia c cho vo thng Inox dy chu p lc , h nhit ca bia xung ti 0oC
ri cho CO2 vo n khi p sut trong thng np CO2 t 4-5 kg/cm3 .
-
bng ch ra chai
Cc khoang ra
Dungdch NAOH(g/l)
Dung dch cl2(g/l)
Nhit (00C)
1
22
0
50
2
20
0
80
3
15
0
70
4
10
0
45
5
0
1
35
Sau khi ra chai xong c kim tra li bng cch dng n hunh quang ri
vo v kim tra bng mt thng .Nu thy chai bn bn trong st ming th loi
b
32
6
0
0
25
1
25
2
35
3
45
4
65
5
60
6
45
7
35
8
25
Qua bng trn ta thy vng nhit 1,2,3 c tc dng lm nng chai ln t trc
khi vo vng nhit thanh trng , vng 6,7,8 l cc vng lm ngui trai t t
sau khi chai nhit thanh trng nhm mc ch l trnh s thay i t
ngt nhit s gy ra v nt chai .Cc vng c bm tun hon vi nahu
nh cc vng :1-8 ; 2-7 ; 3-6
33
bia hi
bia chai
10 0.2
11 0.2
cn (%)
4 0.2
4.6 0.2
3.5
1.5 0.2
Vi c 2 loi bia
Hm lng Diaxetyl (mg/lt ) : 0.2
ng xt( %)
: 2.3-2.8
Glixerin (%)
: 0.1 - 0.3
: 0,14 - 0,38
m tng (g/lt )
: 3,5 - 5
Este: ( mg/l )
: 15 - 50
Aldehit (mg/lt )
: 10 - 15
35
4.5
1.5 0.2
36
Nu + Lc
Hao ph 1.5%
Suc CO2
Hao ph 0.2%
Chit bia
Hao ph 1.5%
Thnh phm
I . C s l thuyt :
Nng sut l 45 triu lt / nm nh my sn xut 50 % bia hi 50 % bia chai
-
*Qu trnh ln men chnh v ln men ph trong cng mt thit b hao tn 4%.
-Lng dch ng a ln men l .
103.06 103.06
=
= 107.35(l )
1 0.04
0.96
38
10
= 11.5(kg )
100
M=11.5(kg)
Vy lng malt i mch dng sn xut 100 lt bia hi 100BX l :11,5( kg)
-Lng go cn dng l :
11.5 0.3
= 4.93(kg )
0 .7
4.Tnh lng b
4.1 Tnh lng b malt v go
m malt l : w =7%
Lng malt l :11,5(kg)
Tn tht do xay nghin l 0,5%
-Lng cht chit thu c t M kg malt l : 0.703M
m go l :14%
Khi lng ca go l :4,93(kg)
Tn tht do xay nghin l : 0.5%
-Lng cht chit ca go l : 0.312M
-Lng cht chit ca malt la: 11.5x0.995x0.93=10.64(kg)
-Lng cht chit ca go l:4.93x0.995x0.86=4.22(kg)
- Tng lng cht chit ca malt v go l :
10.64 + 4.22 = 14.86(kg)
- Tng lng b kh ca malt v go l :
14,86-11,675 = 3,185(kg)
Vy lng b malt v go c m 80% l :
40
3.185 3.185
=
= 15.925(kg )
1 0.8
0.2
-Lng nc trong b l :
15.925 - 3.185 = 12.74(kg)
4.2 Tnh lng b hoa :
Lng4.93*0.14+ cht khng ho tan trong hoa l 60%
m ca b hoa l 85%
-lng b hoa l :
0.155
60 100
= 0.62(kg )
100 15
+Trong 0.14 :l m ca go
0.07 :l m ca malt
+Tng hn hp bt + nc ni h ho l :
+Lng dch cho sau khi un bay hi 5%
Vy lng dch cn li l :
41
90
= 103.5lit ( kg )
100
khi nu hoa lng nc bay hi khong 8-10% so v tng lng dch ( ly 10%)
+Do lng nc trong dch trc khi un hoa l:
103.5+110.67 x 0.1= 114.56(kg)
*Lng nc ra b s cn l :
vnc ra b = vnc trong dch un hoa + vb - vtrc khi lc
= 114.56+12.74-78.2=49,1(kg)lit
6. tnh lng men ging cn thit
Lng men ging tip vo trc khi ln men chnh l 10% so vi lng
dch a vo ln men .
42
107.35 2
= 2.147 (kg )
100
107.35x0.1=10.735(l)
lng men sa tip vo trc khi ln men chnh 1%so v lng dch a vo
ln men l :
107.35x0.01=1.07(l)
7. Tnh cc sn phm ph
7.1 Tnh lng men thu hi
Thc t c 100lt dch ng thu c 2 kg sa men m 80%
50% ti sn xut ,50% lm sn phm ph
(4.93 + 0.493) 6 = 32.54( kg )
43
103.06 0.2
= 0.206(kg )
100
44
119.69 x
11
= 13.16(kg )
100
13.16
13.16
=
= 13.36(kg )
1 0.015 0.985
0.312M
M =
13 .36
=13 .16 ( kg )
1.015
45
46
60 100
= 0.72(kg )
100 15
5.Tnh lng nc ra b
Qu trnh h ho bt go + 10% malt lt nc t l 1:5
+ lng nc cho vo ni h ho l
(5.61 +5.61x 0.1 ) x 5 = 30.85(kg)
m ca go l :14%
m ca malt l : 7%
+Lng nc c sn trong nguyn liu ni h ho l :
5.61 x 0.14 + 0.561 x 0.07 = 0.824 (l)
Tng hn hp bt + nc trong ni h ho l :
47
(5.61+0.561) x6=37.03(kg)
+Lng dch cho sau khi un bay hi 5%
37.03x0.95=35.18(l)
+Lng nc cho vo ni ng ho l :
(13.1-0.561x0.1)x5=62.69(l)
+Lng nc c sn trong nguyn liu ni ng ho l:
(13.1-0.561)x0.07=0.88(l)
+Tng lng dch trong ni ng ho sau khi chuyn dch cho sang l :
35.18 +(13.1-0.561)x6=110.41(l)
Dch cn li trong ni ng ha sau khi un bay hi 4% l
110.41x0.96=106 (l)
Lng nc trong dch trc khi lc l :
105.99-16.92 =89.07
+ lng nc ra b
+Lng nc trong dch sau khi un hoa 110s l
48
113.57 1.039
89
= 105.02(l )
100
49
100lit bia
10000lit bia
v
100Bx 110Bx 100Bx 110Bx
51
45.106(lit bia)
25.106
20.106
100Bx
110Bx
Malt
Kg
11.5
13.1
1150 1310
2875000
2620000
Go
Kg
4.93
5.64
493
564
1232500
1122000
Hoa
Kg
0.155 0.18
15.5
18
38750
36000
Lng cht Kg
3715000
3384000
kh
B kh
Kg
3.18
795000
712000
B malt,
Kg
3980000
3560000
Go m
B hoa
Kg
0.62
0.72
155000
144000
Nc
ra Lt
49.1
b
Men ging Lt
2682500
2202000
10
Men ti sn Lt
1.07
267500
220200
11
xut
Lng
25035000 18710000
12
nc nu
Lng C02 Kg
3.24
3.74
324
374
810000
740000
13
to ra
Cht tr lc Kg
0.09
0.09
22500
18000
15
Cht
st Kg
0.07
0.07
17500
14000
16
trng
Lng Co2 Kg
0.22
0.26
22
26
55000
52000
17
np vo
Lng
50
50
5000 5000
nc
Lt
Lt
3.59
318
62
1.101 107
sinh
52
359
72
110.1
12275000 8300000
12500000 10000000
K hoch sn xut .
Nh my sn xut bia quanh nm nhng lng bia sn xut nhiu hay t tu
thuc vao ma ma nng kh nng tiu th tng ln sn lng bia sn xut tng
ln trong ma nng. Hn na do bia chai lng tiu th cc thi im l chnh
lch kng ng k(ng k nht l lng bia hi) . Nn ta chn k hoch sn
xut nh sau:
Mi nm nh my sn xut lng bia l 45x106lt
Trong lng bia hi
I
10x106
5x106
5x106
II
12.5x106
7.5x106
5x106
II
12.5x106
7.5x106
5x106
IV
10x106
5x106
5x106
tnh ton ta tnh cho thng c sn lng cao nht l cc thng trong qu
II hoc qy III
Sn lng trong thng l 12.5x106/ 3 =4.17x106 lt
Mi ngy lng bia c nu l
4.17x106/25 =167.000 lt
thun li v tit kim thi gian ta chn ngy nu 4 m trong c 2 m bia
hi v 2 m bia chai.
Sn lng bia hi trong mt ngy:
7500000
= 100.000(lit )
25 x3
53
5000000
= 66.667 (lit )
25 x3
54
2.My nghin
+ Nghin malt .
Lng malt cao nht dng trong mt ngy l:
167000 .13.16
= 22712 (kg )
100
M =
G
22712
=
= 1.4195
Q T 2 x 4 x 2000
Trong M: l s my cn dng
G= 5254 s lng malt cn nghin trong mt ngy
Q=2000 nng sut my nghin
T=8(h) thi gian my lm vic trong 1 ngy
Vy ta chn 2 my nghin
55
100
= 9418.8(kg )
My lm vic nh k 2 ca mi ca 3 gi
*Chn my nghin ba MM-03
*Nng sut my l 1000kg\gi
*Kch thc gung nghin 300x180(mm)
*Cng sut ng c : 7 KW
*Kch thc my :Di xRng xCao:1400x 1600x1600(mm)
*Trng lng my :2000kg
*S ba :72
*S lng my cn dng l
G
9418.8
=
= 1.56
Q T 100 x 2 x3
Vy ta ch 2 my
3. Thng cha bt malt
D
D
D
tg = tg 60 0 = 1.732
2
2
2
V = D 2
D=3
H 1 D 2 D
+
1.732
4 3 4
2
9 .1
= 2.2( m)
0.8572
D=H=2.2 (m)
h=D/2 tg600=1.9(m)
57
M=
10
2820 0.995 10 3 1.3 =0.364767 m3
100
D=
2.5
=1.4287 (m)
0.8572
58
D=H=1.85m
h=1.24m
5. Gu ti
vn chuyn nguyn liu theo phng thng ng hay phng nghing 45o.
Nguyn liu a vo sn xut cao nht trong mt ngy l .
Malt : 22712 (kg)
Go : 9418.8 (kg)
chun b nguyn liu cho nu 4 m trong mt ngy th ta phi b tr sao cho
p ng hay b ch hp l .
Gu ti mi ngy lm vic 2 ca mi ca 4 ting . 2 ting ti go 2 ting ti malt
Ly hiu sut lm vic ca gu ti l 0,9
Nng sut lm vic ca gu ti l :
22712
= 6308( kg )
2 2 0.9
: 282
Vd =
17147 .17
= 21434 (lit ) 21.434( m 3 )
0.8
Ly H=0,5D
Th tch thng c tnh theo cng thc :
V=0.15D3
D=3
21.434 8
= 3.79 3.8(m)
3.14
Cc thng s ni h ho:
*ng knh ni :D=3.8m
*Chiu cao phn lp :h1=0.38m
*Chiu cao phn y :h2=0.38m
*Chiu cao thn thng: H=1.9m
*Chn ng knh cnh khuy 3m
*Tc vng quay 40 vng /pht
*Cng sut ng c 5 Kw
*Tnh din tch b mt truyn nhit
F=
Q
Kt
Tnh Q.
Q= Q1/T
Trong :
Q1 : l khi lng nhit cn thit ch to nhit max
T : l thi gian cp nhit
Vi ni h ho Q c xc nh chu k ti nhit ln nht tc l thi gian un
t 45 0C-860C trong 55 pht
Q1= GC( t2-t1)
Trong :
G: l khi lng m nu
C: l t hn hp cho
T2=860C T1=450C
C=
C CK M CK + C NC M NC
M
C=
Q1=18518.94x0.64x41=485937Kcal
Q=
485937
60 = 530113 Kcal
55
61
1
1
1
+ +
1 2
k=
1
= 1776 kcal / m 2 h 0 C
1
0.004
1
+
+
6000
50
3162 .3
Tnh t
t =
52.2 38.2
= 45 0 C
52.2
2.3 lg
38.2
Thay s :
F=
530113
= 6.63(m 2 )
1776 45
7.Ni ng ho .
Lng bt malt cho mt m nu l : 6580(kg)
62
37599 .06
= 34813 .95(lit )
1.08
50246 .4
= 62808(lit ) = 62.81(m 3 )
0.8
Tng t nh ni h ho
Ta chn H=0.5D
D=3
8 xV 3 8 x62.81
=
= 5.43(m)
3.14
Chn D=5.5m
Cc thng s ni ng ho :
*ng knh:D=5.5m
*Chiu cao thn thng : H=2.75m
*Chiu cao phn lp : h1=1m
*Chiu cao phn y : h2=0.8m
63
64
C=
G=51999.6 (kg)
Q1=51999.6x0.9(75-65)= 467996 kcal
Vy:
Q=
467996 x 60
= 1871983(kcal / h)
15
Tnh t
t =
73.2 63.2
= 68.25 0 C
573.2
2.3 lg
363.2
K=1776Kcal/m2.h.0C
Thay s ta c:
F=
1871983
= 15(m 2 )
1776 x68.25
H s s dng my l: 0.7
*Do nng sut my lc l :
N=
50095 .66
= 71565 .23(lit )
0.7
v = 15.41 =
D 2 H 1 D 2 D
7.73D 3
+
tg =
= 15.41m 3
4
3 4 2
24
D=2.479m3 2.5m3.
h=
D
2.5
tg =
1.73 = 2.163(m).
2
2
D=H=2.5m3.
9.Ni nc nng .
Mi m nu nc ra b cn l 24550 (lt )
Mt khc khi nu ni phi c v sinh bng nc nng do lng nc v
sinh thit b ni cho , ni ng ho , ni nu hoa , ni lc thng lng trong
ng ng cn khong 5450 lt .
67
Vy lng nc c trong ni l :
24550+5450=30000 (lt )=30(m3)
H s s dng ni l 0.8
V=
30000
= 37500 (lit )
0.8
Chn H=D.
Chn thit b un nng hnh tr y chp . C ng xon rut g .
V = 37.5m 3 =
D 3
4
D=3.63m : H=3.63m.
Tnh din tch b mt truyn nhit ca ni nc nng .
F=Q/ktt (m2 )
G ( khi lng nc )
Tnh :
Q=GC T .(kcal/h)C (T nhit ca nc ) ( C=1kcal/kgoC )
=100-25=75oC hiu s to ca nc trc v sau khi un .
G=30 (m3)= 30000 (lit)
Vy Q=30000x1x75=2250000 (kcal/h)
68
Tnh tt
t t =
t m t k
t
2.3 lg( m )
t k
tm=1.38.2-25=113.2oC .
tk=138.2-100=38.2oC .
t =
75
= 66.37 0 C
2.3 lg 2.96
1
(kcal / m 2 h 0 C )
1
1
+ +
1 n 2
1=4500 i vi ng rut g .
2=2000p P=2.5atm.
=50
chn =2m m. =0.002m.
Vy :
k=
1
= 1724 kcal / m 2 h 0 C
1
0.002
1
4500
50
3162.27
B mt truyn nhit:
F=
Q
2250000
=
= 19.66( m 2 )
Kt 1724 66.37
69
L=
19.66
19.66
=
= 208.7( m)
D
3.14 0.03
v=
58.2 + 0.09
= 72.863(m 3 ).
0.8
: D=4.53m
: h1 =0.5m
70
*Chiu cao y
: h2=0.5m
k=
1
1
=
= 1776 ( kcal / m 2 h o C )
1
1
1
0.003
1
+ +
+
+
1 2 6000
30
3162.3
F=
Q
1871983
=
27.6(m 2 )
kt 1776 38.2
H s s dng 90%.
-Th tch ca thng l :
56785
= 63094 .5
0.9
V =
D 2
h
+ (h 2 + 3r 2 )
4
6
V =
D=3
D 2
D 2
D+
( D + 3 (0.5D) 2 ).
4
6
63.1
= 4.175(m)
0.867
56785 60
= 212943 .75(lit / h)
20 0.8
Ra l + 5oC.
15.1 Tnh din tch truyn nhit i vi nc l .
F=
Q
kt
t1 t 2
t
2.3 lg 1
t 2
t2=60-20=40
t1
= 1.5
t 2
t1-t2=20.
t =
20
20
=
= 50 o C
2.3 lg 1.5 0.4
Thay s :
F=
Q
3411165
=
= 62.021(m 2 )
kt 50 1100
62.021
= 155.1(t ) 156(t )
0.8 x0.5
Vy ta chn 156 tm
1.5.2 tnh din tch truyn nhit i vi nc mui l :
75
F=
Q
(m 2 )
kt
Q= G C( t2 - t1) kcal
Q=59845 x 0.95(60-16) =2501521 (kcal)
Lng nhit tn cho cho lm lnh 160C qui ra 1 gi l (T 35 pht)
2501251
60 = 4288321 .7( Kcal )
35
K=1100(kcal/ m2h0C)
t =
t1 t 2
t
2.3 log 1
t 2
Vi t1=60-2=580C
t2=16+10=260C
t1-t2=32
t1\t2=2.23
t =
F=
Thay s
32
= 40 0 C
2.3 log 2.23
428832 .7
= 97.5( m 2 )
110 40
76
97.5
= 243.75(t ) 244(t )
0.8 0.5
s tm l :
+ Tnh nng sut v chn thit b
-Dch cn lm lnh mt m l 56785(lt)
-H s s dng thit b l :0.8
* Nng sut my l :
N=
56785
= 70981 .25(lit / h)
0.8
244 tm
*p lc cn thit :
* Dch ng : 3kg/cm2
* Nc
: 2 kg/cm2
* Nc mui : 1 kg/cm2
* Kch thc my : Di xRng xCao =2000x1000x1000(mm)
2 Thit b ln men
2.1 Qu trnh ln men chnh v ln men ph .
Trong cng mt thit b ln men
77
h1 =
Vthung =
Dtg 60 0 D 3
=
= 0.866 D
2
2
D 2
1 D 2
D 3
H+
h1 =
1.8
4
3
4
4
D=3
4V
4 65
=3
= 3.583(m)
1.8
1.8
: D=2.0.23 .2.03(m)
: h2=0.2 (m)
D=3
2.17 4
=1.4(m)
D=3
10 x 4
= 2.335(m)
: D=2.34m
: h=0.5(m)
80
Chn my lc bia
167000
= 26093 .75(lit )
4 2 0.75
65 x 4
= 4.358( m)
3.14
D=H=4.36 m
III. Phn xng chit chai hon thin sn phm
y l phn xng gm cc cng on ra chai, chit chai ,p nt thanh trng
dn nhn i vi bia chai v ra bock chit bock i vi bia hi
A.BIA HI
1.My ra bock .
Lng bia hi cn thit trong ngy cao nht vi 4 ca sn xut l :
100.000 lit
Do hao tn 0.15% trong qu trnh chit
Loi bock c dung tch l : 50(lt)
S lng cn dng l
82
100.000
= 2.000(c)
50
N=
100000
= 15625(lit / h)
4 2 0.8
67.000 lit
H s s dng my l 0.8
Q=
11632
= 14540 (chai)
0.8
*p sut ng nt6(kg/cm2)
*Cng sut ng c 1.8 kw
*Trng lng my 2500kg
*Kch thc my :2000x1000x2500(mm)
4. My thanh trng
-Chn my c c tnh k thut sau:
*Nng sut 15000 chai
*Dung tch chai 0.5lt
*Th tch b cha nc 750C:1.42m3
*Th tch b cha nc 650C:1.78m3
*Th tch b cha nc 350C: 1.155m3
*Lng nc lnh 8m3/h
*p sut hi thanh trng 2(kg/cm2)
*Cng sut : bm b nc 750C 4Kw
bm b nc 650C 4Kw
bm b nc 350C 4Kw
*ng c chuyn chai vo :2Kw
*Kch thc my : 7000 x 3500 x 3000(mm)
*Trng lng my :5000 kg
5. My dn nhn
-Chn my c c tnh k thut sau :
*Nng sut 15000 chai/h
*S vng quay 13.7v\p
*S nhn dn 5 vng\chai
*Tc b nht ca bng truyn 0.28(m\s)
*Cng sut my 2 KW
86
Tn thit b
TT
Nng sut
lng
(mm)
c(kw)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Cn
My nghin go
My nghin malt
Gu ti.
Ni h ho
Ni ng ho
Thit b lc dch
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
500 kg
1000kg/h
2000kg
6500kg/h
21434lt
62808lt
108000lt/h
8
9
10
11
ng
Ni un nc si.
Ni nu hoa
Thng lng xoy
Bm dch
1
1
1
4
37500lt
72863lt
63095lt
213000lt
7
10
2
5
5
1200x1000x1200
1800x1600x1600
1400x1600x1600
3800x2660
5500x4550
15000x3000x2000
3630x3630
4530x5530
4180x5016
S
TT
1
Tn thit b
Nng sut
My lnh nhanh
lng
1
ng c(kw) (mm)
71000lt/h
2000x1000x1000
87
Cng
2
3
Thit b ln men
Thit b nhn ging
76
1
65000lt
2170lt
3600x9240
1400x1900
Cp I
Thit b nhn ging 1
6500lt
2030x2100
5
6
7
cp II
Thit b ra men
My lc bia
Thng bo ho CO2
10m3
30000lt\h
65000lt
2340x2840
5000x1500x1400
4358x4358
2
1
4
Tn thit b
My ra bock
My chit bock
My ra chai
My chit chai
My p nt
My thanh trng
My dn nhn
lng
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
PHN VI
Nng sut
210bock/h
20000lt/h
15000chai/h
15000chai/h
15000chai/h
15000chai/h
15000chai/h
(kw)
5
8
10
3
2
2
1.5
88
(mm)
2000x3050x210
7330x3000x3000
8000x4000x2000
2500x3000x2500
2000x1000x2500
7000x3500x300
2500x1500x1000
C = C1
100 - W
W
+ C2
100
100
C = 0,34
16,67 83,33
+
= 0,9 kcal/kg0C
100
100
89
W = 18519
5 1
= 643kg
100 2
Q15 = 540(18509 x
8
x1) = 799588.8 kcal
100
Q1 = Q1i = 2496843.7kcal
i =1
Q= G.C(t2 - t1)
C= 0,9 kcal/kg0C
G: khi lng dch ng ho
G= 50246.4 x1.08=54266.112kg
W: m dch cho tnh theo %
W = 83,33%
Ban u dch ng ho t 500C nng nhit ln 520C ta dng cng
thc
Q12 =54266.112 x0.9(52-50)= 97679kcal
Lng nhit duy tr dch ng ho nhit 520C/30
3 1
6 1
Vy Q2 = Q2 = 4590886.024 kcal
i
i =1
4) Tnh hi cho ni un nc
92
157105 lit
G = 157105 x
8
= 12568 .4 kg
100
G = 10000 kg
Q44 = 11000(100 - 25) = 825000 kcal
Tng : Q4 = 825000+5498675+1301150+1645000 = 9269825 kcal
Tnh tng lng hi tiu tn ton xng sn xut
Q = Q1 + Q2 + Q3 + Q4
=2496843.7+4950886.024+1871983+9269825
=25362519.024 kcal
- i lng kcal nhit v dng hi theo cng thc:
D=
Q
25362519.0 24
=
= 45863.6 kg hi/m
i
653 100
D(i n i )
x100kg/h
Q
D: nng sut ni hi
in : nhit hm ca hi p sut lm vic
in = 660
i : nhit hm ca nc a vo ni = 60 kcal/kg
Q: nhit lng ca than 5500 kcal/kg
: h s tc dng hu ch ca ni , 75%
G=
2618.2 x
1
= 3272.75 kg / h
0,80
78546x25=1963650 kg
- lng than dng trong mt nm l :
1963650x12=23563800 kg
C. Tnh lnh cho nh my
Tnh lnh ca nh my ch yu l tnh lnh h nhit ca dch
ng, lnh cho b phn ln men, tng tr bia v bo ho CO2.
1. Tnh lnh h nhit ca dch ng:
Q1 = GC(t1 - t2)
G: khi lng dch ng cn lm lnh
G=59845 (kg) cho 1 m
C: t nhit ca dch ng 0,95 kcal/kg0C
t1,t2: nhit u, cui ca dch ng
t1 = 600C
t2 = 150C
Q1 = 59845x0,95(60 - 15)= 2558373.75kcal/h
Lng nhit h nhit dch ng t 1000C xung 150C trong 1
ngy l:
2558373.75x4=10233495 kcal/ngy
2. Tnh lnh cho qu trnh ln men:
Q21= Gq(b-c)
96
Q2=2665857.01824+2854182.58848=5520039.61 kcal
3.Tnh hao tn lnh do qu trnh ln men ph trong mt ngy :
Tng t nh ln men chnh
Q1=232217.28x144,6(3.5-2.5)/100=335786.18688 kcal/ngy
*Nhit lng cn gi bia 20C
trn c s thc nghim c 100lt bia non cn 25kcal duy tr nhit 10C
Qm =
Q
(kcal / ngay )
20
Qm =
17090780.2 004
= 949488 ( kcal )
20 x0.9
99
Stt
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
c tnh
K hiu
Cng sut my lnh
Cng sut tiu th
Cng sut ng c
S xi lanh
Hnh trnh pittong
ng knh xilanh
Tc vong quay
Dung tch pitong
Kch thc dI x rng x cao
Khi lng
n v
Kcal/h
Kw
Kw
Ci
Mn
Mn
Vng/pht
M3/h
Mm
Kg
Thng s
ERW
1.000.000
48/67
15.0
8
130
150
720-690
396-528
2000x1500x1200
2000
n1 =
A 2l
+1
L
A: chiu di nh
B: chiu rng nh
100
n2 =
B 2l
+1
L
Tnh:
S n chiu sng nh nu nghin:
Ly L=3 m ; l=0.25 L=0.75m
n1 =
40 2 x0,75
+ 1 = 14 (bng n)
3
n2 =
15 2 x 0,75
+ 1 = 7 (bng n)
3
n1 =
90 2 x 0,75
+ 1 = 31 (bng n)
3
n2 =
42 2 x 0,75
+ 1 = 15 (bng n)
3
- Bia hi
n1 =
20 2 x0,75
+ 1 = 8 (bng n)
3
n2 =
20 2 x0,75
+ 1 = 8 (bng n)
3
- Bia chai
n1 =
30 2 x0,75
+ 1 = 11 (bng n)
3
n2 =
20 2 x0,75
+ 1 = 8 (bng n)
3
Nh gii thiu sn
phm
Nh n, nh ngh
Din tch
(m2)
S bng
sut (W)
300
100
40
4000
200
30
40
1200
102
cng
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
Nh hnh chnh
Nh xe 1
Nh xe 2
Nh bo v
Kho nguyn liu
Nh v sinh
Kho cht t
Nh ni hi.
ng i
Nh thnh phm 1
Nh thnh phm 2
Nh thu hi CO2
Xng c in
Bi v chai
Khu x l nc
B nc
Trm h th
Tng cng
400
500
300
100
200
310
300
100
3000
400
600
150
200
1650
450
450
50
40
80
20
20
40
30
30
20
50
40
60
15
20
40
20
10
5
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
1600
3200
800
800
1600
1200
1200
800
2000
1600
2400
600
800
1600
800
400
200
26800
STT Tn thit b
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
My nghin malt
My nghin go
Gu ti
Ni ng ho
Ni h ho
Ni nu hoa
Bn li tm phn
xng nu
My ra bock
My chit bock
My chit chai
S ng
c
Cng
sut Tng
nh
mc cng sut
2
2
1
1
1
1
(kW)
10
7
2
5
5
5
30
1
1
1
5
8
3
5
8
3
103
(kW)
30
14
2
5
5
5
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
My ra chai
1
My p nt
1
My thanh trng
1
My dn nhn
1
My lnh
1
Bm nc
4
Bm kh nn
2
Tng cng sut: 164.5 kW
10
2
2
1.5
15
4
4
10
2
2
1.5
15
16
8
* Xc nh ph ti tnh ton :
Ph ti tnh ton tc l cng sut tnh ton dng thc t tnh ton v chn
my bin p ph hp cho nh my :
ptt=Kc.pl
vi
Kc: h s ph thuc vo mc mang ti ca thit b
Pdl : ph ti ng lc nh my
104
cos =
( P ) 2 + ( Q ) 2
Trong :
P:tng cng sut cc thit b in
Q:cng sut phn khng ca cc thit b in
thc t cc thit b in thng lm vic non ti nn:
cos =
Pdl
2
Ptd2 + Q phu
105
cos =
271.95
(271.95) 2 + (312.8) 2
271.95
= 0.66
414.5
2
S AB = Ptd2 + Q phu
= (217.95) 2 + (312.8) 2 = 414.5kw
106
107
65 x
5
x 4 = 13m 3 = 13000 lt /ngy
100
134.000chai
+ Mi chai ra ht 3 lit nc
nc ra chai: 134.000x3 = 402.000 lit/ngy
Tnglng nc dng cho b phn thnh phm l :
V4= 30.000 +2000 +1000 + 402.000= 435.000 lit/ngy
5) Nc dng cho my lnh:
+ Trung bnh c 1000 kcal tiu th ht 20 lit nc
+ Tng lng lnh cho nh my l:
17090780.2 004 x
20
= 341815.6 (lit / ngay )
1000
110
Vy lng nc l
183454.4 x
20
= 36690.88 (lt /ngy)
100
Vy: V6=2076.8(lt/ngy)
7) Nc dng cho cng nhn vin ,cn b nh my
Tng s ngi trong nh my l : 250 ngi
V7=250 x 40=10.000lt
* Tng lng nc cho ton nh my
8
111
Chiu di 40 m
Chiu rng 15 m
Chiu di 90 m
Chiu rng 42 m
Gm 2 nh
+ nh chuyn b nguyn liu : Din tch l 144 m2
Gm cc thit b
1. Cn nguyn liu
2. My nghin malt
113
3. My nghin go
4. Gu ti
+ Nh nu :Din tch l 456 m2
Gm cc thit b :
1 Ni nc nng
1 Ni nu cho
1 Ni ng ha
1 My lc khung bn
1 Ni nu hoa
1Thng lng xoy
b) Phn xng ln men :
Din tch l 3780 m2
+ Phng vi sinh vt, cha men ging din tch l 18 x12=216 m2
+ Phng v sinh, cha dng c : 12 x 12 = 144 m2
+ Phng ln men chnh din tch l : 3420 m2
c)Phn xng thnh phm
- Bia hi: Din tch l : 400 m2
- Bia chai: Din tch l : 600 m2
1. Phng hnh chnh .
L khu nh 3 tng nm ngay cng chnh i vo tin li cho cn b cng nhn
vin i vo lm vic v khch n giao dch
Nh c xy din tch l : 40 x 10 = 400 m2
Cao mi tng l 3.3m
Cu thang b ch gia nh rng 2m
114
Hnh lang nh 1 m
Nh c xy cc phng nh sau .
+ Phng gim c
+ Phng k ton ti v
+ Phng hp
+ Phng khch
+ Phng k hoch
+ Phng cng on
2. Nh gii thiu sn phm
Din tch nh : 30 x 10 = 300m2
c xy dng gn cng chnh, c ca ln quay ra ng chnh thun li cho
vic by bn v gii thiu sn phm. Ti y c c trng by 1 s mu v cc
nhn hiu nh my
3. Nh n v nh ngh ca cng nhn
Din tch l : 12x20=240 m2
Nh xe .
Din tch l : 800 m2
Nh bo v
Din tch : 100 m2
Kho cht t
Din tch: 300 m2
9.Kho nguyn liu :
Din tch l 18x12=216m 2
10. Nh x l nc
Din tch l : 450 m2
11. Trm bin th
Din tch 50 m2
Mc ch l chuyn in cao th thnh in sn xut
12. H thng s l nc thi
Ta chn h thng s l nc thi aeroten
115
116
H s xy dng l:
K XD =
10000
= 25%
40000
K Sd =
30000
= 75%
40000
117
Tnh kinh t l mt b phn quan trng trong cng vic xy dng hay thit k
cng trnh nh my . Da vo phn tnh kinh t chng ta nhn c cc n ga,
ln k hoch cho tiu cho nh my ht bao nhiu tin .Qua a ln c quan
thm quyn xt duyt
Phn kinh t l mt phng khng th thiu c trong khi thc hin hay thit k
cng trnh cho nh my n quy nh mi thng li trong sn xut , n cho thy
nh my c gi tr v gi tr s dng hay khng .
Da vo nng sut nh my c xy dng cc phn quan trng khc nhau nh
a Im xy dng nh my , chn dy truyn cng ngh chn thit b , tnh cn
bng sn phm thit k xy dng nh xng ton nh my . Tt c cc phn phi
c tnh , la chn sao cho kt qu c gi tr kinh t cao nht , quyt nh
xy dng nh my .
Cc nhu cu v lao ng , b my t chc qun l , ch lm vic tt c cc
vn trn u phi tnh ton t m , logic sao cho m li hiu qu kinh t cao
nht .
B.Ni dung tnh ton kinh t :
I.
Khon mc
Than
Nc
in
n v
n gi
S lng
Thnh tin
Kg
M3
KW
/ n v)
500
1.000
1.200
23563800
384000
1497196.8
11.781.900.000
384.000.000
1.796.636.160
Bng 2:
118
Stt
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
n gi (ng)
1.500.000
800.000
1.000.000
1.200.000
400.000
600.000
800.000
700.000
800.000
700.000
800.000
200.000
800.000
800.000
700.000
300.000
600.000
800.000
700.000
400.000
800.000
800.000
1.000.000
1.200.000
Thnh tin
6.570.000.000
240.000.000
200.000.000
480.000.000
20.000.000
180.000.000
80.000.000
210.000.000
248.000.000
210.000.000
80.000.000
50.000.000
800.000.000
120.000.000
140.000.000
495.000.000
540.000.000
80.000.000
35.000.000
600.000.000
120.000.000
80.000.000
100.000.000
720.000.000
12.398.000.000
Xy dng ng giao thng cng rnh. Tng bao, bn hoa ly bng 15% so
vi gi tr cng trnh chnh
Vy tng s vn u t xy dng l:
12.398.000.000
1.15=14.257.700.000
(ng)
Vn u t thit b :
Bng 3
Stt
Tn thit b
S lng
119
n gi
Thnh tin
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
14
15
16
17
18
29
Cn bn
My nghin ba
My nghin trc
Gu ti.
Ni h ho
Ni ng ha
Ni un nc si.
Thit b lc dch ng
Thng nu hoa
Thng lc b hoa
Bn li tm phm xng nu
My lnh nhanh
Thng cha bt malt
Thng cha bt go
Thng ln men
Thng nhn ging
Thng hot ho
My lc bia
Thng cha bia thnh phm
My chit bock
Dy truyn bia chai
H thng lnh
H thng hi.
My bin th
My pht in
H thng nc
Bm nc
Bm kh nn
t
Tng cng
1
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
6
1
1
1
76
2
1
1
4
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
4
2
6
1000.000
10.000.000
10.000.000
5.000.000
60.000.000
90.000.000
50.000.000
100.000.000
90.000.000
80.000.000
9.000.000
150.000.000
5.000.000
4.000.000
300.000.000
35.000.000
30.000.000
700.000.000
60.000.000
100.000.000
20.000.000.000
1.000.000.000
800.000.000
60.000.000
600.000.000
900.000.000
9.000.000
20.000.000
100.000.000
1.000.000
20.000.000
20.000.000
5.000.000
60.000.000
90.000.000
50.000.000
100.000.000
90.000.000
80.000.000
54.000.000
150.000.000
5.000.000
4.000.000
22.800.000.000
70.000.000
30.000.000
700.000.000
240.000.000
100.000.000
20.000.000.000
1.000.000.000
800.000.000
60.000.000
1.200.000.000
900.000.000
360.000.000
40.000.000
600.000.000
49.629.000.000
S ngi /ca
Vn chuyn
1
3
2
3
3
3
Nghin
Nu
12
Lng lc
Tng s ngi
3
13
3
13
3
13
9
39
S ngi /ca
1
B phn lm lnh dch 3
2
3
3
3
B phn ln men
24
B phn lc bia
Tng cng
5
16
5
16
5
16
15
48
121
S ngi /ca
1
Ra thanh trng bock 6
2
6
3
6
18
Chit bock
8
17
8
17
8
17
14
51
* Cc b phn sn xut ph
- C in lnh
: 25 ngi / ngy
- Hi nc
: 10 ngi/ngy
- i xe vn chuyn
: 10 ngi/ngy
53 ngi
: 10ngy
: 6 ngy
-Ngh m
:10 ngy
Stt
1
2
3
Tn nguyn liu
Malt
Go
Hoa cnh
n v
Kg
Kg
Kg
S lng
2.875.000
1.232.500
38750
n gi
6.000
2.500
80.000
Thnh tin
17.250.000.000
3.081.250.000
3.100.000.000
n v
Kg
Kg
S lng
2.620.000
1.122.000
124
n gi
6000
2500
Thnh tin
15.720.000.000
2.805.000.000
Hoa cnh
Kg
36.000
80.000
2.880.000.000
125
6.Chi ph s dng my mc
G6=9.417.102.750 (ng)
7.Chi ph s dng nh xng ly =15% vn xy dng
G7=14.257.700.000 x 0.15=2.138.655.000 (ng)
Gi bn 2000 /kg
S tin thu c l : 1.550.000 x 2000=3.100.000.000
Tin bn sn phm thu c hng nm l :
1.408.000.000+3.100.000.000=4.508.000.000 (ng)
2.Tnh gi thnh sn phm :
Tng chi ph
GSP=
88.680.368.606 -4.508.000.000
= = 1870.5
Nng sut
45.000.000
GSP=2.000 ng\lt
nh gi bn sn phm
Bia hi 100BX : 2.500 ng/lt
Bia chai :110BX : 4.500 ng /lt
3.Tnh cc ch tiu hiu
* Thu gi tr gia tng 1 lt bia
2500 2000
x 0.1 = 45,45 (ng \lt)
1.1
127
n1 =
4500 2000
x 0.1 = 227.27 (ng /lt)
1.1
ng
77.038.385.000
=
45.647.607.750
129
=1.69 nm
130
131
132
B aeroten
Blng
II
Ncthi
Bn
Bn d
134
Vi my lc khung bn trc khi lc phi v sinh bng nc nng t 801000C trong thi gian 120 pht .
135
in.
-
- Ni t cch in
+ trong nn cng nghip c bit l trong sn xut bia, in cng l khu quan
trng khng th thiu c , nhng tc hi ca in c bit nguy him i vi
ngi v my mc thit b. Chnh v vy mi cng nhn trong nh my cn phi
nghim chnh chp hnh ng ni qui , qui nh trnh xy ra s c hay tai
nn.
5. An ton khi khi tao tc vn hnh mt s thit b :
1. Khu nghin nguyn liu v nu Bia:
Vic s l nguyn liu cn c bin php chng bi, chng rung ng n
o, chp hnh tt c quy nh s dng my nghin. Cng nhn c trang b
qun o, khu trang. Khi ng, m cu dao in ca nh my phi cn thn,
trnh nhm ln.
- in phi hn ch mc in th dng. trong khi lm vic cn phi qun
o bo h lao ng, I ng,... hn ch ng tic c th xy ra.
- Khi nu cn ch iu chnh lng hi, ng h o p sut c bin
php s l kp thi.
- Khi bm dch ng sang b phn ln men cn phi c tn hiu thng
bo cho nhau trc v sau khi kt thc bm.
2. B phn ln men:
- Khi lm vic trong phng ln men phi mc qun o bo h lao ng
ng quy nh, i ng bo m sc kho v an ton lao ng.
- Cng nhn lm vic cn phi ch p sut cc thit b bng cc ng
h o p. Ch cc ng van, ng ng, khi thao tc phi ng m theo
chiu quy nh.
3. Khu chit, lc Bia:
Phi ch vn hnh my mc ng quy nh, trnh lng ph.
4. cc xng khc:
138
139
qui tc v an ton lao ng v phng chy cha chy cho mi cng nhn trong
nh my .
8. thng thot nc bn:
H thng thot nc bn ca nh my cng l mt trong nhng khu cn
c quan tm ng k. Bi v cng vic n lin quan ti vn mi trng
xung quanh. c thot nc bn ca nh my tht tt th trc khi thi ra
mi trng xung quanh th ta cho nc thi qua trm x l nc thi (b
aeroten), khi mi cho chy ra sng, ao, h,...
Cc cng thot nc phi ngm, cng rnh u c np y kn, m
bo nghing, chy, thot nhanh.
140
PHN XI.
KT LUN
141
142
- Malt i mch
- Hoa houblon
- Go
- Nc
- Nm men
- Nhm cc cht ph gia
- Thuyt minh ay truyn xn sut
- Chn quy trnh cng ngh
- Thuyt minh quy trnh cng ngh
4. Tnh cn bng sn phm
- C s l thuyt
- Tnh cn bng sn phm
- Bia hi
143
- Bia chai
5. Tnh v chn thit b
39
63
79
- Xy dng nh my
- Gii php hnh khi mt bng
- Tnh thuyt minh phn xng
8. Tnh kinh t
83
- Mc ch v ngha
- Ni dung tnh ton kinh t
9. X l nc thi nh my
92
94
98
144