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Th.

s Bi Thu Qunh (ch bin) Nguyn Hu Hiu Nguyn Th Phng Tho Nguyn Th Chinh
Ng Vn Tun Ng Quang Huy ng Thanh Huyn V Th Ngc Mai Th Thanh Thy

Bi tp ha l tp 3 1


Th.s Bi Thu Qunh (ch bin) Nguyn Hu Hiu Nguyn Th Phng Tho Nguyn Th Chinh
Ng Vn Tun Ng Quang Huy ng Thanh Huyn V Th Ngc Mai Th Thanh Thy

Bi tp ha l tp 3 2






Bi tp ha l (tp 3): in ha hc

- Ch o ni dung: Ths. Bi Thu Qunh
- Bin tp ni dung: Nguyn Hu Hiu
Nguyn Th Phng Tho
Nguyn Th Chinh
Ng Vn Tun
Ng Quang Huy
ng Thanh Huyn
V Th Ngc Mai
Th Thanh Thy
- Sa bn in: Nguyn Hu Hiu
Ng Vn Tun
- Trnh by ba: Nguyn Hu Hiu














Th.s Bi Thu Qunh (ch bin) Nguyn Hu Hiu Nguyn Th Phng Tho Nguyn Th Chinh
Ng Vn Tun Ng Quang Huy ng Thanh Huyn V Th Ngc Mai Th Thanh Thy

Bi tp ha l tp 3 3

Li ni u

Bi tp ha l tp 3 l quyn th 3 trong b sch Bi tp ha l do nhm sinh
vin HSP Ha hc K8 trng i hc Hi Phng bin son di s ch dn ca c gio
ging vin thc s Bi Thu Qunh.
Quyn ny l tp hp cc bi tp ha l ca phn in ha hc c trnh by
theo 3 chng
Chng I: Dung dch in phn
Chng II: Nguyn t Ganvani
Chng III: in phn v qu th
Vi mi chng chng ti c gng trnh by theo th t i t l thuyt ch o n
bi tp v gi p n
Cc bi tp c trnh by theo m - tup cc bi d xen ln gia cc bi tp i
hi t duy su.
Chng ti mong rng y s l ti liu b ch cho sinh vin nghnh s phm ni
ring v sinh vin ngnh ha hc ni chung, v l ti liu tham kho cho cc ging vin
ging dy b mn Ha l.
Trong qu trnh bin son chc chn khng trnh khi s thiu st, knh mong s
gp ca cc bn sinh vin cng nh qu thy c gio trnh cng ngy cng hon
thin.

Nhm tc gi

Ch : Gio trnh c nh nc bo h bn quyn, mi hnh vi in n, sao
chp, foto copy khng c s cho php ca tc gi u l hnh vi vi phm bn quyn tc
gi v s b x l theo lut bn quyn hin hnh.










Th.s Bi Thu Qunh (ch bin) Nguyn Hu Hiu Nguyn Th Phng Tho Nguyn Th Chinh
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Bi tp ha l tp 3 4

Chng 1: Dung dch in phn

------------888-----------

A. L thuyt ch o

A.1. dn in ca dung dch in phn
a.1.1. dn in ring ( )
in tr sut : l in tr ring ca vt dn c S= 1cm
2
v di l 1 cm . Hay l
in tr ca mt hnh khi c cnh 1 cm. n v :

.
S
R
l
=

S : tit din dy dn(cm
2
)
l : chiu di dy dn(cm);
dn in ring : l i lng nghch o ca in tr sut . n v :
-1
. cm
-1


1
.
l
R S
=

Hng s bnh : k . n v : cm
-1


.
l
k R
S
= =

A.1.2. dn in ng lng (
dn in ring : l i lng c trng cho kh nng dn in ca dung dch
in phn c ha tr ion khc nhau . n v :
-1
. cm
2
. lg
-1


1000.
N
C

=

C
N
: dn in ng lng (N)
dn in ng lng long v tn : (
i vi cht in phn yu :

.

=

i vi cc cht ion : vi v l linh ion



+

= +

Linh ion : cng th nguyn vi dn in ng lng
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Bi tp ha l tp 3 5


.
.
V F
V F

+ +

=
=

V
+
, V
-
: tc tuyt i ca ion tng ng( von/ cm)
F = 96500

A.2. S ti (t)
A.2.1. Khi nim :
S ti ca mt dng ion l t s gia in lng do dng ion



B. Bi tp

B.1. bi.
1. phn li ca mt cht in phn yu trong dung dch nc c thay i khng
v thay i nh th no khi tng nhit ?

2. Hng s phn li K
c
ca mt cht in phn yu s thay i nh th no khi thay
dung mi nc bng ru metylic ? (b qua tng tc ha hc gia cht tan v
dung mi . Hng s in mi

2 3
H O CH OH
<


3. Hy biu th hng s phn li hon ton ca axit cacbonic qua phn li v nng
C.

4. Nhng nguyn nhn ca s phn li cht in phn thnh cc ion trong dung dch?

5. Cho bit nhng i lng nhit ng no c trng cho s hidrat ha ion ? C th
tin on kh nng hidrat ha ion trong dung dch da vo ln v du ca cc
i lng hay khng ? Gii thch ?

6. mt nng cho , phn li ca hai axit hu c mt chc bng 0,2 v 0,5 .
Axit no s c hng s phn li ln hn v ln hn bao nhiu ln?

7. S ph thuc ca hng s phn li ca axit propionic C
3
H
7
COOH vo nhit ng
c biu th bng phng trnh :

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Bi tp ha l tp 3 6


1033, 4
lg 0, 013 2,52
c
K T
T

= +

Hy tnh nhit in li ca axit ny 25

C.

8. Dung dch 2,45 g H
2
SO
4
trong 500 g nc ng c 0,2055

C. Hng s
nghim lnh ca nc bng 1, 86 . Xc nh h s ng trng i .

9. Dung dch 0,66 g CH
3
COOH trong 100 g nc ng c 0,21

C . Hng s
nghim lnh ca nc bng 1, 86 . Hy chng t rng CH
3
COOH l mt axit yu .

10. 25

C hng s phn li ca NH
4
OH bng 1,79.10
-5
. Hi nng no phn
li ca NH
4
OH bng 2% . Tnh nng OH
-
trong dung dch ny .

11. Hng s phn li ca axit benzoic C
6
H
5
COOH bng 6,3 .10
-5
, ca axit axetic
CH
3
COOH bng 1, 79.10
-5
. Xc nh t s nng ion H
+
trong dung dch ng
phn t ca axit benzoic v axit axetic.

12. Cho bit nhng s khc nhau c bn v l thuyt dung dch theo quan im c
in caAreniut v theo quan im hin i ca bai- Hucken .

13. Ti sao li gi s gn ng bc nht ca phng trnh bai- Hucken l nh lut
gii hn bai- Hucken?

Cho bit s p dng thuyt bai- Hucken vo dung dch cht in phn yu .

14. Vit biu thc ton ca nh lut gii hn ca bai- Hucken i vi dung dch
AlCl
3



15. Trnh by khi nim bu kh quyn ion . Bn knh kh quyn ion s thay i nh
th no khi chuyn t dung dch nc ( hng s in mi bng 81 ) sang dung
dch ru (hng s in mi bng 24 ) cng nng v nhit ?

16. H s hot trung bnh ph thuc vo nng dung dch nh th no i vi
cc cht in phn c ha tr ion khc nhau ?

17. S ph thuc h s hot ion trung bnh vo lc ion ca dung dch c biu th
bng phng trnh kinh nghim :

lg
1
h I
A I
=
+

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Bi tp ha l tp 3 7

Hy cho bit bng th , h v A c xc nh nh th no ?

18. Cho cc cht in phn c ha tr ion khc nhau : 1 - 1 ; 1 - 2 ; 2 2 ; 1 3 .
Hy so snh nng molan v lc ion ca dung dch cc cht in phn trn
nng molan m .

19. Xc nh hot ca BaCl
2
trong dung dch 0,1 m nu :

2
0,501
BaCl
=


20. Xc nh hot v hot trung bnh ca ZnSO
4
trong dung dch 0,1 m nu :

0,148 =


21. Da vo nh lut gii hn ca bai Hucken , hy xc nh h s hot ion
trung bnh ca K
3
Fe(CN)
6
trong dung dch c nng molan bng 0,001 nu A=
0,509 .

22. Xc nh h s hot ion trung bnh ca FeCl
3
khi dung dch cha 0,001 mol
FeCl
3
v 0,005 mol H
2
SO
4
trong 1000 g nc . Khi tnh s dng nh lut gii hn
ca bai Hucken vi A = 0,509.

23. Xc nh h s hot ion trung bnh theo thang nng molan i vi BaCl
2

trong dung dch 0,5%.

24. Da vo nh lut gii hn ca bai Hucken , hy tnh h s hot cc ion
Na
+
, La
3+
, Cl
-
v NO
3
-
trong dung dch nc 298K bit rng nng NaCl l
0,002M , ca La(NO
3
)
3
l 0,001M .

25. 313 K ca CdI
2
trong dung dch nc nng 0,005m bng 0,506 . Xc
nh ca CdI
2
trong dung dch nng 0,002 m cng nhit trn .

26. 298 K phn li ca axit axit monocloaxetic trong dung dch nc nng
0,01 M bng 0,33 . Da vo phng trnh bai- Hucken , xc nh h s hot
trung bnh ca axit trn v hng s phn li nhit ng K
a
.

27. 298 K tch s tan ca AgCl bng 1,71.10
-10
. Tm tan ca AgCl nhit
trn. tan ny s thay i th no khi ha tan AgCl vo dung dch KCl nng
0,01 m ( khi tnh s dng phng trnh bai Hucken )

28. 298 K dung dch m c hnh thnh khi trn 100 cm
3
axit axetic 0,1 M vi
100 cm
3
NaCH
3
COO nng 0,2 M . Dung dch m ny c pH = 4,95 . Xc nh
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Bi tp ha l tp 3 8

hng s phn li nhit ng ca axit axetic 298 K ( ch : khi tnh h s hot
ca ion ,hy s dng phng trnh bai Hucken di dng :

2
. I
lg
1 I
i
i
AZ


=
+


29. Tch s tan nhit ng ca AgCl trong nc 298 K bng 1,77.10
-10
. Hy tnh
tan ca AgCl 298 K trong nc ; trong dung dch KNO
3
nng 0,01 m v
trong dung dch MgSO
4
nng 0,005 m ( khi tnh hy vn dng nh lut gii
hn ca bai Hucken tm h s hot ion ).

30. tan ca AgIO
3
trong nc 298 K bng 0,0505 g/L .
Xc nh :
a) Tch s tan nhit ng ca AgIO
3
;
b) tan ca AgIO
3
trong dung dch nc ca Na
2
SO
4
nng 0,01 M .
Trong tnh ton hy s dng phng trnh :

. . I
lg
1 I
A Z Z

=
+


31. tan S ca mui phc :

[Co(NH
3
)
4
C
2
O
4
]
+
[Co(NH
3
)
2
(NO
2
)
2
C
2
O
4
]
-
trong dung dch nc ca NaCl 25

C
c cho di y :

C
NaCl
[mol/ L] 0 0,001 0,005 0,01 0,02
S.10
3
[mol/ L] 0,490 0,500 0,522 0,540 0,565

Tnh :
a) Tch s tan nhit ng ca mui phc kh tan cho .
b) H s hot ion trung bnh ca phc mi nng .
c) Hng s A trong phng trnh gii hn bai Hucken .
32. Mac Innes v Shedlovsky ( J. Am Chem . Soc , 1937 59 503 ) thu c kt
qu di y v s ph thuc nng ca h s hot trung bnh ca KCl :

C 0,005 0,01 0,02 0,03 0,04 0,06 0,08 0,1

0,9274 0,9024 0,8702 0,8192 0,8320 0,8070 0,7872 0,7718

V th trong ta - v xc nh thng s kinh nghim a trong phng
tnh m rng ca bai- Hucken .

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Bi tp ha l tp 3 9

33. Hng s phn li nhit ng ca mt axit HA bng 3,3.10
-4
25

C . Tnh phn
li ca axit ny trong dung dch 0,2 M c cha thm MgCl
2
1M .

34. dn in ring ca dung dch CH
3
COOH 0,05 N bng 0,000324(
-1
.cm
-1
) .
Xc nh dn in ng lng , phn li , nng ion H
+
, v hng s
phn li K
c
ca CH
3
COOH nu dn in ng lng ca dung dch axit
long v tn bng 347,8
-1
.cm
2
.lg
-1


35. Dung dch CuSO
4
0,1 M c o trong bnh o dn in c nhng thng s k
thut nh sau : din tch mi in cc bng 4 cm
2
, khong cch hai in cc bng
0,7 cm , in tr ca dung dch o c bng 23 . Xc nh dn in ring
v dn in ng lng ca dung dch CuSO
4
.

36. 298 K , khi o in tr ca dung dch BaCl
2
cc nng khc nhau thu
c kt qu nh sau :

C[mol /L] 0,0002 0,0005 0,001 0,002
R[ ] 27520 11160 5680 2905

Xc nh dn in mol gii hn long v tn ca dung dch BaCl
2
, bit
rng hng s bnh bng 1,5 cm
-1
.

37. 298 K , dung dch NH
4
Cl , NaCl v NaOH c dn in ng lng
long v tn ln lt bng 149,7 ; 126,45 ; v 217,8
-1
.cm
2
.lg
-1
.

Tnh ca dung dch amoniac .

38. Dung dch axit yu HA 298K v long 32 lit c dn in ng lng
bng 9,2 .cm
-1
.lg
-1
.
ca dung dch ny bng 389
-1
.cm
2
.lg
-1
. Tnh nng ion H
+
v hng s
phn li ca axit ny .

39. 298 K , dn in ng lng ca dung dch axit yu HA cc nng
khc nhau c cho di y :

C[mol /L] 0,007335 0,001856 0,000466 0
[
-1
.cm
2
.lg
-1
] 193,9 282,6 347 386,1

Tnh gi tr trung bnh ca hng s phn li K
c
.

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Bi tp ha l tp 3 10

40. dn in ring ca dung dch H
2
SO
4
4% 18

C bng 0,1675 . Khi lng


ring ca dung dch nhit ny bng 1,0255 g/cm
3
. Xc nh ca dung dch
axit .

41. Dung dch bo ha AgBr c dn in ring bng 0,57.10
-7

-1
.cm
-1
. ca
dung dch ny bng 121,9
-1
.cm
2
. xc nh tan ca AgBr , biu th bng g/ L
.

42. Dung dch CH
3
COOH nng 0,05 N c bng 3,24.10
-4

-1
.cm
-1
. Dung dch
NaCH
3
COO nng 0,0001 N c dn in ring bng 7,75.10
-6

-1
.cm
-1
.
Linh ion H
+
v Na
+
bng 314,9 v 43,5
-1
.cm
2
.lg
-1
. Xc nh hng s phn li
ca axit CH
3
COOH .

43. Hn hp mui nng chy KCl + NaCl 800

C v c nng phn s mol ca


NaCl l 0,56 , c dn in ring bng 2,862
-1
.cm
-1
. Khi lng ring ca
dung dch mui nng chy 800

C bng 1,484 g/ml . Xc nh dn in


ng lng ca dung dch .

44. Kt qu o ca dung dch KCl 25

C theo nng c ghi li di y :




C[mol/ L] 0,02 0,01 0,005 0,001
[
-1
.cm
2
.lg
-1
] 138,34 141,27 143,55 146,95

Xc nh ca KCl .

45. dn in ring ca dung dch NaCl 18

C ph thuc vo nng nh sau :



C[mol/ L] 0,0005 0,001 0,002 0,005
10
4
. [
-1
.cm
-1
] 0,536 1,065 2,110 5,170

Tm phng trnh biu din s ph thuc ca vo .

46. Xc nh tc tuyt i ca ion MnO
4
-
nu sau 10 pht ion chuyn di c mt
on bng 2,5 cm ; th hiu t vo hai cc cch nhau 16,13 cm c gi tr bng
120 von .

47. Xc nh tc tuyt i ca ion NH
4
+
nu dn din ring ca dung dch
NH
4
Cl 0,0001 N bng 1,29.10
-5

-1
.cm
-1
v linh ion Cl
-
bng 64,9
-1
.cm
2
.lg
-1

.

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Bi tp ha l tp 3 11

48. dn in ng lng ca natri lactat 25

C v cc nng khc nhau


c cho di y :

C.10
3
0,1539 0,3472 0,6302 1,622 2,829 4,762

87,89 87,44 86,91 85,80 84,87 83,78

V ng biu din ta - v tm h s gc ca ng biu din thu c.
Xc nh . So snh h s gc thc nghim vi gi tr thu c theo phng
trnh bai Onxygi .

49. Mt ng hnh tr di 100 cm , tit din ngang 2 cm
2
cha 1 dung dch MCl 0,1 M
( cht in phn mnh ) . t vo hai u ng mt th hiu sao cho dng in i
qua dung dch c cng 0,01A . Nu ca ion M
+
bng 60
-1
.cm
2
.lg
-1
,tnh
tc ca ion (ra cm.s
-1
) bit rng ca MCl bng 136 .

50. Bnh o dn in c in tr 468 khi bnh cha dd HCl 0,001 M ; 1580 khi
cha dd NaCl 0,001 M v 1650 khi cha dd NaNO
3
0,001 M . Bit rng ca
NaNO
3
bng 121 . B qua s thay i theo nng , hy tnh :

a) dn in ring ca NaNO
3
0,001 M .
b) Hng s bnh .
c) in tr ca bnh o khi bnh cha HNO
3
0,001 M .
d) ca HNO
3
.

51. dn in ring ca dung dch NaOH 0,1 M bng 0,0221
-1
.cm
-1
. Khi thm
mt ung dch HCl 0,1 M vi th tch tng ng vo dung dch trn th dn
in ring gim ti 0,0056
-1
.cm
-1
. Sau khi thm tip mt th tch tng ng
na ca HCl th t ti tr s 0,0170
-1
.cm
-1
. Tnh dn in ng lng ca
NaOH , NaCl, HCl v ca H
2
O .

52. 298 K in tr ca mt bnh o dn in bng 220000 khi bnh ny cha
nc nguyn cht ; bng 100 khi cha dd KCl 0,02 M v bng 102000 khi
cha dd AgCl bo ha . Cng ti nhit d ny dn in ng lng ca AgCl
bng 126,8
-1
.cm
2
.lg
-1
; ca KCl bng 138,3
-1
.cm
2
.lg
-1
.

Xc nh :
a) Hng s bnh .
b) dn in ring ca dd AgCl bo ha .
c) tan ca AgCl 25

C ra mol/ L .

Th.s Bi Thu Qunh (ch bin) Nguyn Hu Hiu Nguyn Th Phng Tho Nguyn Th Chinh
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Bi tp ha l tp 3 12

53. HCl, NaCl , NaCH
3
COO c dn in ng lng ln lt bng 420, 126, v
91
-1
.cm
2
.lg
-1
. Tnh ca CH
3
COOH .
in tr ca mt bnh o dn in cha CH
3
COOH 0,1 M bng 520 ; nhng
khi thm mt lng va NaCl tinh th vo dung dch trn c th t ti mt
dung dch NaCl c nng khong 0,01 M , th in tr lc ny bng 122 . Hi
hng s bnh bng bao nhiu ; tnh nng ion H
+
.

54. Khi in phn dung dch CuCl
2
0,01 N vi in cc graphit th c 0,3175 g Cu bm
vo Catot . gim CuCl
2
khu catot tnh theo ng bng 0,1905 g . Tnh t
+
v t
-

.

55. dn in ng lng long v tn ca HCl 25

C bng 115
-
1
.cm
2
.lg
-1
. S ti ca cation Li
+
bng 0,33 . dn in ng lng long
v tn ca NH
4
CH
3
COO nhit ny bng 114,7
-1
.cm
2
.lg
-1
. S ti ca anion
CH
3
COO
-
bng 0,36 . Xc nh ca LiCH
3
COO .

56. Tc tuyt i ca ion Ca
2+
v NO
3
-
khi cng in trng bng 1 V/cm l
0,00062 cm
2
/v.s v 0,00071 cm
2
/v.s . Xc nh s ti ca ion Ca
2+
v NO
3
-
trong
dung dch Ca(NO
3
)
2
.

57. Ngi ta in phn mt dung dch CdCl
2
vi in cc platin trong 1 gi , cng
dng l 0,2A . Bit s ti ion Cd
2+
bng 0,414 , hy tnh gim CdCl
2
(ra
gam) khu catot v anot .

58. Ngi ta in phn mt dd HCl 0,1 M vi cc in cc Pt . Sau in phn c 68,4
mg Cu bm vo catot ca culong k ng mc ni tip vi bnh in phn . S
phn tch 50 ml dd HCl khu anot sau in phn cho thy nng dd ny bng
0,0821 M .

a) Xc nh v .
b) Nu em phn tch 50 ml dd khu catot th nng dd s l bao nhiu?

59. Dung dch ZnCl
2
0,15 m c in phn vi anot Zn . Sau in phn khu anot
thy c 0,8907 g ZnCl
2
trong 38,6 g nc ; cn khu catot c 0,6560 g ZnCl
2

trong 37 g nc . Trn catot ca culong k bc c 0,2728 g Ag bm vo . Xc nh
t
+
v t
-
.

60. in phn dd AgNO
3
cha 14,055 g AgNO
3
trong 1000 g nc vi 2 cc bc .
Trong qu trnh in phn c 0,1020 g Ag bm vo catot . S phn tch khu anot
cho thy c 0,4109 g Ag trong 40 g nc . Xc nh v t
-
.

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Bi tp ha l tp 3 13

61. in phn mt dung dch cht in phn mnh AB vi cng dng 0,1 A trong
9650 giy . Dung dch AB c nng u bng 0,1 m . S phn tch dd AB sau
in phn cho thy c 0,0165 mol AB trong 100 g nc . Tm s ti ca anion A
+

trong ddAB bit rng cc phn ng xy ra trong in phn l nh sau :

( )
( )
A e A Anot
A e A Catot
+
+
=
+ =

62. in phn mt dung dch AgX trong c 1,5 g AgX cha trong 101,5 g dung
dch . S in phn c tin hnh cho ti khi thu c 1,0787 g Ag bm vo
catot th dng li . em cn dd khu catot thy khi lng l 100,5 g v cha 0,5 g
AgX . Xc nh trong dung dch AgX bit rng khi lng mol ca AgX l
150 .

63. in phn dd HCl 0,01 M vi 2 cc Pt . Khu catot cha 100 g dd ; s ti ion Cl
-

trong dd HCl bng 0,18 . Hi phi in phn trongbao lu (tnh ra s) vi cng
dng l 0,1 A nng dung dch khu catot gim i 1%.

64. S ti ion Na
+
trong dd NaCl 0,02 M c xc nh bng pp ranh gii di ng .
Dung dch c t trong ng hnh tr tit din ngang 0,1115 cm
2
, cng dng
in i qua l 1,6.10
-3
A . Sau 45 ph 57 s , ranh gii di chuyn c mt on
bng 8 cm . Hy tnh .

65. xc nh s ti K
+
ng ta s dng pp ranh gii di ng gia hai dd KCl 0,1 M v
LiCl 0,065 M trong dd LiCl c dng lm cht ch th . Cho bit cng
dng bng 5,893 mA ; tit din ngang ca ng o l 11,42 mm
2
, tc di ng
ca ranh gii l 0,0263 mm/ giy . Hy xc nh s tI v tc tuyt i ca ion
K
+
bit E = 4 V.

66. Trong pp ranh gii di ng , xc nh s ti ngi ta s dng mt ng hnh tr
ng knh 1,5 cm v t vo 2 dung dch tip xc nhau ; dd NiSO
4
0,02 N v
dd K
2
SO
4
. Cho mt dng in cng 0,002 A qua ng trong 3 gi . Hi ranh
gii tip xc hai dd s di chuyn c 1 on bng bao nhiu bit rng =
0,404 .

67. Nm 1923 Mac Innes v Smith xc nh s ti ca ion K
+
bng pp ranh gii di
ng vi cc thng s sau y :

Dung dch nghin cu l KCl 0,1 N .
Dung dch ch th l LiCl 0,065 N .
I = 0,005893 A .
Tit din ng l 0,1142 cm
2
.
Th.s Bi Thu Qunh (ch bin) Nguyn Hu Hiu Nguyn Th Phng Tho Nguyn Th Chinh
Ng Vn Tun Ng Quang Huy ng Thanh Huyn V Th Ngc Mai Th Thanh Thy

Bi tp ha l tp 3 14


Kt qu o c ghi li di y :

Khong cch di ng
(cm)
0,5 5,50 5,80 6,10 6,70 7
Thi gian (s) 0 1900 2016 2130 2357 2472

Xc nh s ti trung bnh ca ion K
+
.
Bit cng in trng bng 4(v/ cm) , xc nh tc tuyt i ca ion K
+
.

B.2. Gi v p n.

1. Tham kho gio trnh ha l 3

2. Tham kho gio trnh ha l 3

3. Tham kho gio trnh ha l 3

4. Tham kho gio trnh ha l 3

5. Tham kho gio trnh ha l 3

6. Tham kho gio trnh ha l 3

7.


1033, 4
lg 0, 013 2,52
1033, 4
ln 2,303( 0, 013 2,52)
2379,92
ln 0, 03 5,8
c
c
c
K T
T
K T
T
K T
T

= +

= +

+

Ta c :

2
2 2
2
2
ln
2379,92
( 0, 03 5,8)
ln
2379,92
( 0, 03)
c dli
c
dli
d K H
dT RT
d T
d K
T
H RT RT
dT dT
RT
T

+
=
=

Th.s Bi Thu Qunh (ch bin) Nguyn Hu Hiu Nguyn Th Phng Tho Nguyn Th Chinh
Ng Vn Tun Ng Quang Huy ng Thanh Huyn V Th Ngc Mai Th Thanh Thy

Bi tp ha l tp 3 15

Thay:

298
8,314
T K
R
=



dli
2362, 84(J/mol) -2,363(KJ/mol) H =


8.

2 4
b
b
m 2, 45( )
0, 2055
1,86
H SO g
T C
K
=
=
=


2, 45
1000 1000 0, 05
98.500
n
m m
g
= = =


Ta c h s ng trng:


b
0, 2055
i= 2.21
1,86.0, 05
T
K m

=


9.

3
b
b
m 0, 66( )
0, 21
1,86
0, 66.1000
1000 0,11
60.100
CH COOH g
T
K
n
m m
g
=
=
=
= = =



b
0, 21
i= 1, 0264
1,86.0,11
T
K m

=


Li c :


1 1, 0264 1
0, 0264
1 2 1
i


=



nh => ax CH
3
COOH l mt ax yu

10.
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Bi tp ha l tp 3 16



2
5
2 2
1
(1 ) 1, 79.10 (1 0, 02)
0, 044(mol/L)
0, 02
c
c
C
K
K
C


= = =



4
OH 0, 02.0, 044 8,88.10 C

(

= = =


11.
Ta c: dd ng phn t CH
3
COOH(1) v C
6
H
5
COOH(2)
=>gi s ban u :

3 6 5
CH COOH C H COOH
1 C C = =


5
1
5
2
3
1
3
2
(1)
(2)
2
(1)
(2)
6,3.10
1, 79.10
7,906.10
4, 222.10
1,873
1
c
c
c
H
H
C
K
K
K
H
H

+
+
+
+
=
=
=
(
=

(
=

(


(



12. Tham kho gio trnh ha l 3

13. Tham kho gio trnh ha l 3

14. Tham kho gio trnh ha l 3

15. Tham kho gio trnh ha l 3

16. Tham kho gio trnh ha l 3

17. Tham kho gio trnh ha l 3

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Bi tp ha l tp 3 17

=I m
I m <
18.
Ta c :

2
1
. .
1
.
2
=
I=
n
i i
i
m
m Z
m


+
+
=


TH1 : ha tr 1-1
2
1.1
1
( .1 .1)
2
=
I=
m m
m m m
m =
+ =




TH2 : ha tr 1-2
2 2 3 3
2
2 .1 4
1
(2 .1 .2 ) 3
2
=
I=
m m
m m m
m =
+ =




TH3 : ha tr 2-2(tng t)
I m <


TH4 : ha tr 1-3(tng t)
I m <


19.

2
0,501
BaCl
=


2 3 3
3 4
. . 1.2 .0,1 4.0,1 0,159
. 0,501.0,159 0, 08
0, 08 5,12.10
= m
a m
a a
m

+
+

= =
=
=



20. Tng t bi 19
/s:

2 4
0, 0148
2,19.10
a
a a

=
= =


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Bi tp ha l tp 3 18

21.

3 6
( )
0, 001
K Fe CN
m =


2 3
3
1
I= (3.0, 001 3 .0, 001) 6.10
2
lg . . I
lg 0,509. 3.1 6.10 0,12
0, 76
A Z Z

+ =
=
=



22. Tng t bi 21

Ta c : I = 0,021

S dng cng thc bai- Hucken:


lg . . I
0, 601
A Z Z

+
=



23.
Xt trong 1000(g) dd :

2
2
m 1000.0,5% 5( )
0, 024( )
BaCl
BaCl
g
n mol
= =
=


2
1
I= (0, 024.2 2.0, 024) 0, 072 0, 01
2
. . I 0,509. 2.1 0, 072
lg
1 I 1 0, 072
0, 61
A Z Z

+
+ = >

= =
+ +



24.

3
3 3
2 3
2
2 3
2 3
1
I= (0, 002 0, 002 0, 001.3 0, 001.3) 8.10
2
lg . . I
lg 0,509.1 . 8.10 0,9
lg 0,509.3 . 8.10 0,39
Na Na Cl NO
La La
AZ


+ +
+ +

+ + + =
=
= = =
=


Th.s Bi Thu Qunh (ch bin) Nguyn Hu Hiu Nguyn Th Phng Tho Nguyn Th Chinh
Ng Vn Tun Ng Quang Huy ng Thanh Huyn V Th Ngc Mai Th Thanh Thy

Bi tp ha l tp 3 19

0,506 =
25.
CdI
2
c :

CdI
2
0,005m :
2
1
I= (0, 005.2 0, 005.2) 0, 015
2
lg . . I
lg lg0,506
1, 208
. I 2.1. 0, 015
A Z Z
A
Z Z

+
+
+ =
=

= =

CdI
2
0,002m :
2
1
I= (0, 002.2 0, 002.2) 0, 006
2
lg 1, 208.2. 0, 006
0, 65

+ =
=



26.

CH
2
ClCOOH 0,01M c = 0,33
Gi ax monocloaxetic c CTTQ l HA
Phng trnh phn li :


2
3
3
. . . . .
0, 01 3,3.10
0,01(1 ) 6, 7.10
H A H A H A H A
a
HA HA HA HA HA
H A
HA
HA H A
a a C C C C
K
a C C
C C
C

+ + + +
+
+

+
= = =
= = =
= =

Ta c :

1
I= .
2
i i
C Z


i vi cht in phn 1-1: I = C = 0,01.033 = 3,3.10
-3

Theo bai Hucken :

3
3 2
2 3
3
lg . . I 0,509 3,3.10
0,935
(3,3.10 )
.0,935 1, 42.10
6, 7.10
a
A Z Z
K

= =

=

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Ng Vn Tun Ng Quang Huy ng Thanh Huyn V Th Ngc Mai Th Thanh Thy

Bi tp ha l tp 3 20


27.
Ta c : Tt
AgCl
= 1,71.10
-10
2 2 2
. . .
AgCl
Ag Cl Ag Cl
Tt a a C C S
+ +

= =

Trong nc :
I = 0
5
1
lg 0 1
1,31.10
AgCl
S Tt

= =
=

Trong dd KCl 0,01m :
2 2
. . ( 0.01)
AgCl
Ag Cl
Tt C C S S
+

= +

I = 0,01
10
8
2
lg 0,501 0,889
1, 71.10
( 0.01) 2,16.10
0,889
S S S

= =
+ =



28.
Nng mi ca cc cht sau khi pha trn :

0,1.0,1
0, 05
0, 2
0, 2.0,1
0,1
0, 2
HA
NaA
C M
C M
= =
= =


2
1
I= (0, 05 0, 05 0,1 0,1) 0,15
2
. I 0,509. 0,15
lg
1 I 1 0,15
0, 721
H
H
AZ

+
+
+ + + =

= =
+ +


Ta c : pH = 4,95

5
lg 4,95 lg . 4,95
1,56.10
H H H
H
a C
C x

+ + +
+

= =
=


Phng trnh phn li :
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Bi tp ha l tp 3 21


0,1 0,1 0,1( )
NaA Na A
M
+
+




HA H A
+
+

C 0,05 0,1 (M)
[ ] (0,05-x) x (0,1+x)


[ ]
5
.
3,12.10
a
H A
K
HA
+

( (

=



29.
Tng t bi 27, ta c :

2 2
2
AgCl
Tt S
Tt
S



Trong dd nc :
I = 0
5
1,33.10 S




Trong dd KNO
3
0,01m
I = 0,01

5
1,5.10 S




Trong dd MgSO
4
0,005m
I = 0,02

5
1,57.10 S




30.
Tng t bi 29,ch :

3
0, 0505
0, 0505( / ) ( / )
283
AgIO
S g L mol L = =

a) Trong nc :
I = 0
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Bi tp ha l tp 3 22


2 8
0, 0505
( ) 3,18.10
283
AgCl
Tt

=

b) Trong dd Na
2
SO
4
0,01m :
I = 0,03

4
0,84
2,123.10 ( / ) 2,123.283 0, 06( / ) S mol L g L


= = =


31.
a) Tnh lc ion da vo nng tng cu t phn li bi mui t tan ( trng hp
nng ca NaCl = 0). Sau tnh h s hot trung bnh ly A = 0,509. Sau tnh
c h s hot trung bnh. T tnh c hot . Sau tnh c tch s tan.
b) Lm ngc li so vi cu a
c) Tnh A trong tng trng hp, sau ly trung bnh cng


32. Tng t bi 36.

33.

2
0, 04
1
0, 2.0, 04 0, 08
c
C
K
H Ac C

+
= =

( ( = = = =


Trong dd c thm MgCl
2
1M

2 2
2
' 2
2 4
'
'
1
I= (0, 08 0, 08 2 .1 2.1 ) 3, 08
2
0,509. 3, 08
lg 0, 474
1 3, 08
. . .
(0, 2 )
.0, 474 3,3.10
0, 2.(1 )
0, 082
H A H A
a
HA HA HA
a a C C
K
a C

+ +

+ + + =

=
+
= = = =

=



34.
Dd CH
3
COOH 0,05N c :

1 1
0, 000324( . ) cm

=


1 2 1
347,8( . . lg ) cm d

=

Th.s Bi Thu Qunh (ch bin) Nguyn Hu Hiu Nguyn Th Phng Tho Nguyn Th Chinh
Ng Vn Tun Ng Quang Huy ng Thanh Huyn V Th Ngc Mai Th Thanh Thy

Bi tp ha l tp 3 23

1000 1000.
;
.
k k
R
C RC

= = =
Ta c :

1000 1000.0, 000324
6, 48
0, 05 C

= = =

Li c :

6, 48
0, 0186
347,8

= =


4
0, 05. 9,3.10
H
C
+

= =


2
5
0, 05.
1, 76.10
1
c
K

= =



35.
Ta c :

23.4 920
( . )
0, 7 7
l RS
R cm
S l
= = = =

dn in ring :
3 1 1
1
7, 6.10 ( . ) cm


=

Dd CuSO
4
c C
M
= 1M => C
N
= C
M
.n = 0,1.2 = 0,2N
dn in ng lng :
3
1 2 1
1000 1000.7, 6.10
38( . . lg )
0, 2
cm d
C


= =



36.




Vy ta c bng:

C

0,014142 0,02236 0,0316 0,04472


272,53 268,8 264,08 258,17


Th.s Bi Thu Qunh (ch bin) Nguyn Hu Hiu Nguyn Th Phng Tho Nguyn Th Chinh
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Bi tp ha l tp 3 24


y
x C
=
=


Ngoi suy th thu c dn in mol gii hn ca dung dch long v
tn l: 280
-1
.cm
2
.mol
-1



37.

4 4
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
1 2 1
149, 7 126, 45 217,8 241, 05( . . lg )
NH OH NH Cl NaCl NaOH
cm d



= +
= + =



38.

4
2 2
5
1
0, 03125
32
9, 2
0, 02365
389
0, 03125.0, 02365 7, 4.10
0, 03125.0, 02365
1,8.10
1 1 0, 02365
H
c
C M
C C
C
K

= =
= =
=
= =




39.

Th.s Bi Thu Qunh (ch bin) Nguyn Hu Hiu Nguyn Th Phng Tho Nguyn Th Chinh
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Bi tp ha l tp 3 25




2
.
1
C
C
K


ng vi C= 0 s l n in ng lng long v tn.

=

Vy ta c bng:

C 0,007335 0,001865 0,000466 0


193,9 282,6 347 386,1
0,5022 0,732 0,9 1
K
c
3,72.10
-3
3,73.10
-3
3,7746.10
-3


Vy:

3 3
3 3
1 2 3
. . 3, 72.3, 73.3, 7746.10 3, 74.10
c
K K K K

= =



40.
Ta c : C%= 4%

1 2 1
10 10.1, 0255
%. 4. 0, 4186
98
. 0, 4186.2 0,8372
1000 1000.0,1675
200,1( . . lg )
0,8372
M
N M
N
D
C C M
M
C C n N
cm d
C


= = =
= = =
= = =


41.
Ta c :
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Bi tp ha l tp 3 26


7 1 1
1 2 1
0,57.10 (( . )
121,9( . . lg )
AgBr
cm
cm d

=
=
= =

Li c :

7
7
7 5
1000 1000
1000 1000 1000.0,57.10
4, 676.10
121,9
4, 676.10 .188 8, 79.10 ( / )
N
C S
S M
S
g L


= =
= = =
= =



42.

3
3
4 1 1
( )
6 1 1
( )
1 2 1
( )
1 2 1
( )
0, 05 ; 3, 24.10 ( . )
0, 0001; 7, 75.10 ( . )
314,9( . . lg )
43,5( . . lg )
N CH COOH
N CH COONa
H
Na
C N cm
C cm
cm d
cm d

+
+


= =
= =
=
=


3
3 3
4
1 2 1
( )
6
1 2 1
( ) ( )
1000.3, 24.10
6, 48( . . lg )
0, 05
1000.7, 75.10
77,5( . . lg )
0, 0001
CH COOH
CH COONa CH COONa
cm d
cm d

= =
= =

Ta c :

3 3
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
2 2
5
77,5 314,9 43,5 348,9
6, 48
0, 0186
348,9
0,05.0, 0186
1, 76.10
1 1 0,0186
CH COOH CH COONa
H Na
c
C
K

+ +
=

+ = + =
= =
=




43.

2,862; 0, 56; 0, 44
NaCl KCl
x x = = =

Xt trong 1 lit hn hp :
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Bi tp ha l tp 3 27

C
y
x C
=
=

. 1000.1, 484 1484( )
hh
m V d g = = =

Gi s mol hh l a

1 2 1
0,56
0, 44
0,56 .58,5 0, 44 .74,5 1484
22, 643
1000 1000.2,862
126, 4( . . lg )
22, 643
NaCl
KCl
M N
N
n a
n a
a a
a C C
cm d
C

+ =
= = =
= =


44.
C

0,1412 0,1 0,07 0,032


138,34 141,27 143,55 146,95








y
x C
=
=


Ngoi suy th thu c dn in mol gii hn ca dung dch long v
tn l: 149,1
-1
.cm
2
.mol
-1




45. Coi s ph thuc ca vo tun theo phng trnh bc nht dng:
y = ax + b ging dng ca phng trnh Debye Onxaygio. (Ch l phng trnh gn
ng) trong :



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Bi tp ha l tp 3 28

C

4
.10
78, 4525
109, 0375
a
b
=
=
Mt khc:


1000
C

=

Ta c bng sau:

C 0,0005 0,001 0,002 0,005

0,0224 0,032 0,0447 0,07

0,536 1,065 2,11 5,17

107,2 106,5 105,5 103,4

T : Th cc gi tr ca bng vo hm s y = ax + b ta c cc h phng trnh
sau:


107, 2 0, 0224. 73
106,5 0, 032. 108,83
105,5 0, 0447. 83
103, 4 0, 07. 109, 21
105,5 0, 0447. 76, 23
107, 2 0, 0224. 109
103, 4 0, 07. 81,58
106,5 0, 032. 109,
a b a
a b b
a b a
a b b
a b a
a b b
a b a
a b b
= + =


= + =

= + =


= + =

= + =


= + =

= + =

= + =

11



Vy:




46.
U = 120V ; d =16,13(cm) ;

3 1
120
7, 44( / )
16,13
2,5
4,167.10 ( . )
10.60
U
E V cm
d
v cms

= =
=

Tc tuyt i ca ion MnO
4
-
:

3
3 2 1 1
4,167.10
0,56.10 ( . . )
7, 44
v
V cm V s
E


=


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Bi tp ha l tp 3 29

47.
Dd NH
4
Cl c :

4
5
5
1 2 1
( )
1, 29.10
1000 1000.1, 29.10
129( . . lg )
0, 0001
NH Cl
N
cm d
C

=
= = =

Ta c :

4
4
( )
( ) ( )
1 2 1
129 64,9 64,1( . . lg )
NH Cl
NH Cl
cm d

+



=
= =

Tc tuyt i ca ion NH
4
+
:

4
( ) 4 2 1 1
64,1
6, 64.10 ( . . )
96500
NH
V cm V s
F

+

= =


48. Tng t bi 36.

49.
Tc i tuyt i ca M
+
:

4
60
6, 22.10
96500
1000 0,1.136
0, 0136
1000 1000
M
N
N
V
F
C
C

+
= = =
= = = =

Li c :

4 4 1
0, 01 25
. . 0, 0136.2 68
25
. 6, 22.10 . 2, 29.10 ( . )
68
i I I
E
E S E S
v V E cms


= = = = =
=


50.
a)

3
4 1 1
O
0, 001.121
1, 21.10 ( . )
1000 1000
N
NaN
C
cm


= = =

b) Ta c :
4 1
1
. 1, 21.10 .1650 0, 2( ) k k R cm
R


= = =

c)
Th.s Bi Thu Qunh (ch bin) Nguyn Hu Hiu Nguyn Th Phng Tho Nguyn Th Chinh
Ng Vn Tun Ng Quang Huy ng Thanh Huyn V Th Ngc Mai Th Thanh Thy

Bi tp ha l tp 3 30

3 3
4
4
4 4 4 4
1 0, 2
4, 274.10
468
0, 2
1, 266.10
1580
4, 274.10 1, 266.10 1, 21.10 4, 218.10
HCl
NaCl
HNO HCl NaCl NaNO
k
R


= =
=
= +
+

Li c :

3 3
3 3
4
1 0, 2
. 474, 2( )
4, 218.10
HNO HNO
HNO HNO
k
k R
R


= =

d)

3
4
1 2 1
1000 1000.4, 218.10
421,8( . . lg )
0, 001
HNO
N
cm d
C


=



51.

1 2 1
1000.0, 0221
0, 0221 221( . . lg )
0,1
NaOH NaOH
cm d

= = =

Gi th tch ban u l 1(L)
Thm 1(L) dd HCl vo th Vmi = 2(L)
2
NaOH HCl NaCl H O + +

0,05 0,05 -> 0,05

1 2 1
1000.0, 0056
112( . . lg )
0,1
2
NaCl
cm d

= =

Thm 1(L) dd HCl 0,1M th V mi = 3(L)

2
( )
1 2 1
1 2 1
1000.0, 017
510
0,1
3
510 112 398( . . lg )
221 398 112 507( . . lg )
NaCl HCl
HCl
H O NaOH HCl NaCl
cm d
cm d


+


= =
= =
= +
= + =



52.
a)
Th.s Bi Thu Qunh (ch bin) Nguyn Hu Hiu Nguyn Th Phng Tho Nguyn Th Chinh
Ng Vn Tun Ng Quang Huy ng Thanh Huyn V Th Ngc Mai Th Thanh Thy

Bi tp ha l tp 3 31


1
. k k R
R
= =


3 1 1
3 1
138,3.0, 02
2, 766.10 ( . )
1000 1000
. 2, 766.10 .100 0, 2766( )
N
KCl
KCl KCl
C
cm
k R cm



= = =
= = =

b)

6 1 1
3
1 1
.0, 2766 2, 71.10 ( . )
102.10
AgCl
AgCl
k cm
R

= =

c)

2
2
( ) ( )
6 6
4
6
5
1
0, 2766
2, 71.10 1, 453.10
22.10
1000. 1000.1, 453.10
1,146.10 ( / )
126,8
AgCl AgCl bh H O AgCl bh
H O
AgCl AgCl
k
R
S C mol L

= =

= =



53.

1 2
420; 126; 91
520( ); 122( );
HCl NaCl NaAc
R R
= = =
= =

Ta c :

1
1
420 126 91 385
1
. . (1)
1000 1000
HAc HCl NaCl NaAc
N HAc N HAc
HAc
C C
k k R
R

= + = + =
= = =

Li c :

2
2
1
.
1000 1000
( ). (2)
1000
N HAc NaCl NaCl
HAc NaCl
N HAc NaCl NaCl
C C
k
R
C C
k R



+ = + =
+
=

T (1) v (2) :
Th.s Bi Thu Qunh (ch bin) Nguyn Hu Hiu Nguyn Th Phng Tho Nguyn Th Chinh
Ng Vn Tun Ng Quang Huy ng Thanh Huyn V Th Ngc Mai Th Thanh Thy

Bi tp ha l tp 3 32


1 2
1 2 2
1
. .( )
( . . . . ) .
0, 01
520.385.0,1.0, 01
0, 2( )
1000
0,1.0, 01 0, 001
N HAc N HAc NaCl NaCl
N HAc N HAc NaCl NaCl
H
R C R C C
R C R C R C
k cm
C C M

= +
=

=
= = =



54.
gim CuCl
2
khu catot :

3
0,1905
m 3.10 ( )
63,54
c
mol

=

S Faraday lu thng trong qu trnh in phn :

2
3
3
3
0,3175
5.10
63,54
m 3.10
0, 6
5.10
1 0, 6 0, 4
c
Cl
Cu
F
t
F
t

= = =
= =


55.

4 3
3
( ) ( )
115; 114, 7
0,33; 0,36
HCl NH CH COO
Li CH COO
t t

+

= =
= =

Ta c :

3
3 3
4 3
3 3
3
3
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
( ) ( )
0,36.114, 7 41, 292
41, 292.0,33
37,851
0,36
41, 292 37,851 79,143
CH COO
CH COO CH COO
NH CH COO
Li
Li
Li
CH COO CH COO
LiCH COO
Li CH COO
t
t
t


+
+
+

+


= = =
= = =
= + = + =


56.
Th.s Bi Thu Qunh (ch bin) Nguyn Hu Hiu Nguyn Th Phng Tho Nguyn Th Chinh
Ng Vn Tun Ng Quang Huy ng Thanh Huyn V Th Ngc Mai Th Thanh Thy

Bi tp ha l tp 3 33


2 2 2
2
3 3
2
3
0, 00062 62
0, 00071 71 1
0, 466; 0,534
Ca Ca Ca
NO NO Ca
Ca NO
t V t
t V t
t t
+ + +
+
+
= = = =

= =


57.

2 2
2
2
m
m .( m m )
m m
112.3600.0, 2
m . 0, 418( )
96500 2.96500
0, 418.183
0, 683( ) m m
112
m 0, 414.0, 683 0, 283( )
m 0, 683 0, 283 0, 4( )
a
a a c
Cd Cd
a c
Cd
CdCl a c
a
c
t t
A It
g
n
m g
g
g
+ +
+

= = +
+
= =
= +
=
= =


58.
Lng HCl trong 50 cm
3
dd trc in phn :

0,1.0, 05 0, 005( ) mol =

Lng HCl trong 50 cm
3
dd khu anot sau in phn :

3
0, 0821.0, 05 4,105.10 ( ) mol

=

gim lng HCl khu Anot :

3 4
m 0,005 4,105.10 8,95.10 ( )
a
mol

= =

S Faraday lu thng trong qu trnh in phn :

3
3
68, 4.10
1, 077.10
63,54
F

=


4
3
m 8,95.10
0,83
1, 077.10
a
H
t
F
+

= =


1 0,83 0,17
Cl
t

= =

Li c :

3 4
m
m . 1, 077.10 .0,17 1,83.10
c
c
Cl Cl
t F t
F

= = =

Trong 50 cm
3
dd HCl khu Catot sau in phn ,lng HCl :

4 3
0, 005 1,83.10 4,817.10 ( ) 0, 0963 mol M

= =

Th.s Bi Thu Qunh (ch bin) Nguyn Hu Hiu Nguyn Th Phng Tho Nguyn Th Chinh
Ng Vn Tun Ng Quang Huy ng Thanh Huyn V Th Ngc Mai Th Thanh Thy

Bi tp ha l tp 3 34



59.

2
3
1 1 0, 2728
. 1, 263.10
2 2 108
Zn Ag
F F
+ +

= =

gim lng CdCl
2
khu anot :

3 4
0,15.38, 6 0,8907
m 1, 263.10 5, 2.10
1000 65,34 71
a

| |
= +
|
+
\

gim lng CdCl
2
khu catot :

4
0,15.37 0, 656
m 7,385.10
1000 65,34 71
c

| |
=
|
+
\


4
4 4
m 5, 2.10
0, 4132
m m 5, 2.10 7,385.10
1 1 0, 4132 0,5868
a
a c
t
t t

+
+

=
+ +
=


60.
Lng AgNO
3
c trong 40(g) nc trc in phn :

3
14, 055.40
3,307.10
1000.170


Lng AgNO
3
c trong 40(g) nc khu catot sau in phn :

3
0, 4109
3,805.10
108


tng lng AgNO
3
:

3 3 3
m 3,805.10 3,307.10 0, 498.10
a




4
3
4
0,102
9, 44.10
108
m 0, 498.10
0,5275
9, 44.10
1 1 0,5275 0, 4725
a
F
t
F
t t


+
=

=
=


61.
Khi lng cht thot ra in cc :
Th.s Bi Thu Qunh (ch bin) Nguyn Hu Hiu Nguyn Th Phng Tho Nguyn Th Chinh
Ng Vn Tun Ng Quang Huy ng Thanh Huyn V Th Ngc Mai Th Thanh Thy

Bi tp ha l tp 3 35


m . . .
1 96500 1 96500
0,1.9650
0, 01
96500
A It A It
An
n F
= =
= = =

Lng AB c trong 100(g) dd u : (0,1.100)/1000 = 0,01(mol)
tng lng AB :

3
m 0, 0165 0, 01 6,5.10 ( )
a
mol

= =


3
m 6,5.10
0, 65
0, 01
1 1 0, 65 0,35
a
t
F
t t

= = =
= = =


62.
Trong 100,5(g) dd trc in phn, lng AgX :

3
1,5.100,5
9,9.10
150.101,5


Trong 100,5(g) dd khu catot sau in phn, lng AgX :

3
0,5
3,33.10
150


gim lng AgX :

3 3 3
3
3
3
m 9,9.10 3,33.10 6,57.10
1, 0787
9,988.10
108
m 6,57.10
0, 66
9,988.10
1 1 0, 66 0,34
c
c
F
t
F
t t


+

=

=
=


63.
Lng HCl ban u c trong 100(g) dd :

0, 01.0,1 0, 001( ) mol =

gim lng HCl khu catot sau in phn:

5
m 0, 001.1% 10 ( )
c
mol

= =


5
m m 10
0,18
c c
t F
F t


= = =

Li c :
Th.s Bi Thu Qunh (ch bin) Nguyn Hu Hiu Nguyn Th Phng Tho Nguyn Th Chinh
Ng Vn Tun Ng Quang Huy ng Thanh Huyn V Th Ngc Mai Th Thanh Thy

Bi tp ha l tp 3 36


5
10
96500.
96500.
0,18
53, 6( )
1.96500 0,1.
It F
F t s
I

= = =


64.
Theo pp ranh gii di ng,ta c :

3
. . 96500.0,1115.8.0, 02
0,39
1000. 1000.1, 6.10 .2757
Na
F V C
t
It
+
+

= =


65.
Tng t bi 64, pdng cho thi gian 1(s),ta c :

0, 492
K
t
+


Tc tuyt i ca ion K
+
:

4 2 1 1
0, 00263
6,575.10 ( . . )
4
K
v
V cm V s
E
+

= = =


66.
Ta c :

2
2
3
. .
1000.
1000. .
1000.0, 002.3.3600.0, 404
4,529( )
. 96500.0, 02
Ni
Ni
F V C
t
It
It t
V cm
F C
+
+
+
+
=
= =

Qung ng ranh gii di chuyn c :

2 2
4,52
2,56( )
.0, 75
V
cm
r
=


67.
Vi k.c = 5,5(cm) ; t = 1900(s)

. . 96500.0,1142.5,5.0,1
0,541
1000. 1000.0, 005893.1900
K
F V C
t
It
+
+
= =

Tng t :
Vi k.c = 5,8(cm) ; t = 2016(s)

0,538
K
t
+


Vi k.c = 6,10(cm) ; t = 2130(s)

0,536
K
t
+


Th.s Bi Thu Qunh (ch bin) Nguyn Hu Hiu Nguyn Th Phng Tho Nguyn Th Chinh
Ng Vn Tun Ng Quang Huy ng Thanh Huyn V Th Ngc Mai Th Thanh Thy

Bi tp ha l tp 3 37

Vi k.c = 6,70(cm) ; t = 2357(s)

0,532
K
t
+


Vi k.c = 7(cm) ; t = 2472(s)

0,53
K
t
+


S ti trung bnh :

5
0,541.0,538.0,536.0,532.0,53 0,5354
K
t
+


Ta c , th tch ranh gii di chuyn c trong 1(s) :

4
4
3
1000. .
1000.0, 005893.1.0,5354
3, 27.10
. 96500.0,1
3, 27.10
2,8634.10 ( / )
0,1142
K
It t
V
F C
V
v cm s
s
+

=
=

Tc tuyt i ca ion K
+
:

3
4 2 1 1
2,8634.10
V 7,16.10 (( . . )
4
v
cm V s
E


=















Th.s Bi Thu Qunh (ch bin) Nguyn Hu Hiu Nguyn Th Phng Tho Nguyn Th Chinh
Ng Vn Tun Ng Quang Huy ng Thanh Huyn V Th Ngc Mai Th Thanh Thy

Bi tp ha l tp 3 38

/ /
ln
n n
o M
M M M M
M
a
RT
nF a

+
+ +
= +
/ /
ln
n n
o
M M M M M
RT
a
nF

+ + +
= +
, / , /
ln
.
n n
n
o MA
M MA A M MA A
M
A
a RT
nF a a

= +
Chng 2: Nguyn t Ganvani

------------888-----------

A. L thuyt ch o

A.1. in cc, phn loi in cc
A.1.1. in cc.
in cc l mt h thng gm mt cht dn in tip xc vi hn hp cc cht
dng oxi ha v dng kh.
A.1.2.Phn loi in cc.
* in cc loi 1: l mt h gm kim loi hoc kim (dng kh) c nhng vo
dung dch cha ion ca kim loi hoc kim (dng oxi-ha). S in cc kim loi
c vit nh sau: M
n+
/M v phn ng in cc tng ng: M
n+
+ ne M. Phng trnh
Nerst i vi in cc ny:



i vi kim loi nguyn cht, ngi ta chp nhn hot ca M bng 1, nn
phng trnh thc cht l:




in cc loi 2: l h trong 1 kim loi c ph mt cht kh tan (mui
hoc oxit, hidroxit) v nhng trong dung dch ch anion ca hp cht kh tan . in
cc c biu din nh sau: M.MA/A
n-
. Phng trnh Nerst v phn ng trong pin:


MA + ne M + A
n-





* in cc loi 3: l mt h gm 2 kim loi tip xc vi 2 mui kh tan cha
chung anion, c nhng vo dung dch cha cation ca mui kh tan th hai.
VD: Ca
2+
| CaCO
3
PbCO
3
, Pb
* Ngoi ra cn mt s loi in cc khc nh: in cc oxi-hoa kh (in cc
Redox), in cc kh, in cc thy tinh, in cc hn hng. (Tham kho thm gio
trnh).

A.2. Mt s loi mch.
A.2.1. Mch nng
L mt h in ha trong 2 in cc ging nhau v bn cht nhng khc nhau
v hot ca cc cht.
Th.s Bi Thu Qunh (ch bin) Nguyn Hu Hiu Nguyn Th Phng Tho Nguyn Th Chinh
Ng Vn Tun Ng Quang Huy ng Thanh Huyn V Th Ngc Mai Th Thanh Thy

Bi tp ha l tp 3 39

.
ln
o
RT Oxh
nF Kh
= +
0, 059
lg
o
Oxh
n Kh
= +
2 2
1 1
ln 2 ln
a a RT RT
E t t
nF a nF a

+ +

= =
2 2
1 1
ln 2 ln
a a RT RT
E t t
nF a nF a

= =
A.2.1.1. Mch nng khng ti
Gm 3 loi:
a) Vi 2 in cc ging nhau v 2 dung dch ging nhau v bn cht nhung khc
nhau v nng , hai dung dch ny khng tip xc vi nhau.
b) Vi 2 in cc hn hng cng bn cht nhung khc nhau v nng , tip xc
vi dung dch in phn.
c) Vi in cc kh cng bn cht nhng khc nhau v p sut kh trn in cc,
tip xc vi dung dch in phn.

A.2.1.2. Mch nng c ti.
c gi l mch c ti khi 2 in cc ging nhau v bn cht nhng vo 2 dung
dch ging nhau v bn cht nhng khc nhau v nng , 2 dung dch ny cch nhau
bng 1 mng xp hn ch s pha trn. Ti gianh gii gia 2 dung dch xut hin mt
th khuch tn m nguyn nhn l do s khc nhau v linh gia cation v anion trong
qu trnh khuch tn t nI c nng cao ti ni c nng thp.
C 2 loi mch nng c ti l:
a) Ti cation:



b) Ti anion



A.2.2. Mch ha hc
Mch ha hc cn c gi l pin ha hc l pin c 2 in cc khc nhau v thnh
phn ha hc c ghp li vi nhau. Mch ha hc gm nhiu loi, c loi n gin, loi
phc tp.

A.2.3.Mch vt l
C 2 loi chnh l mch trng trng v mch th hnh.


A.3. Mt s cng thc cn nh.
A.3.1.Phng trnh Nerst:




nu iu kin 25
o
C, p sut kh quyn th:




Th in cc ca 1 in cc (na nguyn t) l sc in ng ca nguyn t
Ganvani cu to bi in cc Hidro chun ghp bn traisow nguyn t v in cc
Th.s Bi Thu Qunh (ch bin) Nguyn Hu Hiu Nguyn Th Phng Tho Nguyn Th Chinh
Ng Vn Tun Ng Quang Huy ng Thanh Huyn V Th Ngc Mai Th Thanh Thy

Bi tp ha l tp 3 40

.
P
P
E
S nF
T
E
H nF T E
T
G H T S

| |
=
|

\
| |
| |
=
| |

\
\
=
p
E
T

| |
|

\
kho st. Th in cc c th m hoc dbg. Theo quy c th sc in ng ca pin
c tnh bng hiu s gia th in cc dng v m.

A.3.2. Cng thc tnh S, H, G trong pin.








Trong : l h s nhit ca sc in ng.




B. Bi tp

B.1. bi

1. Th no l nguyn t Ganvani lm vic thun nghch nhit ng ? Cho v d.
2. Sc in ng ca nguyn t Ganvani l g ? Sc in ng hnh thnh nh th
no? o n nh th no ?
3. Th in cc l g ? Bng thc nghim ngi ta xc nh th in cc nh th
no ?
4. Cho bit quy c v cch vit s , v du ca sc in ng v th in cc.
5. S ph thuc ca sc in ng vo nhit c biu th bng phng trnh:
E = a + bT. Hy biu th cc i lng S, G, H di dng mt hm ca
nhit .
6. Vit cc phn ng in cc v phn ng tng qut xy ra trong cc nguyn t
sau:

Zn | ZnSO
4
|| CuSO
4
| Cu
Ag, AgCl | CuCl
2
| Cu
(Pt) H
2
| H
2
SO
4
| Hg
2
SO
4
| Hg
(Pt) H
2
| HCl | Cl
2

Ag, AgCl | KCl | Hg
2
Cl
2
, Hg

7. Cho cc in cc :

(a) Cd | Cd
2+
(a = 0,1 )
(b) (Pt) Cl
2
(p = 1 atm) | Cl
-
(a = 0,01)
(c) Ag, AgBr | Br
-
(a = 0,005)
(d) (Pt) | Sn
2+
(a = 0,02), Sn
4+
(a =0,001)
Th.s Bi Thu Qunh (ch bin) Nguyn Hu Hiu Nguyn Th Phng Tho Nguyn Th Chinh
Ng Vn Tun Ng Quang Huy ng Thanh Huyn V Th Ngc Mai Th Thanh Thy

Bi tp ha l tp 3 41

4 1
4,8.10 ( . )
p
E
V K
T

| |
=
|

\
(e) Hg, Hg
2
SO
4
| SO
4
2-
(a = 0,015)

a.Vit cc phn ng in cc v tnh th in cc.
b. Nu ghp tong i in cc a c, a d , b c to thnh pin th
hy vit s nguyn t v tnh sc in ng ca tong pin.

8. Thit lp nguyn t Ganvani da trn cc phn ng tng qut sau:

Cd + CuSO
4
Cu

+ CdSO
4

2 Ag
+
+ H
2
2 Ag + 2H
+

Ag
+
+ I
-
AgI
H
2
+ Cl
2
2HCl
Zn + Hg
2
SO
4
ZnSO
4
+ 2Hg
Pb + 2HCl PbCl
2
+ H
2
9. 25
o
C sc in ng ca pin trong xy ra phn ng:

Cd + PbCl
2
CdCl
2
+ Pb


bng 0,188V. Tnh H v S bit:



10. Sc in ng ca nguyn t trong tin hnh phn ng:


2
1
2
Ag H AgCl Hg + +


25
o
C bng 0,0455V v 20
o
C bng 0,0421V. Xc nh S, G, H 25
o
C.

11. 25
o
C sc in ng chun E
o
ca cc nguyn t Ganvani

Pb,PbCl
2
| KCl | AgCl, Ag
Pb, PgI
2
| KI | AgI, Ag

Tng ng bng 0,4902V v 0,2111 V. H s nhit ca sc in ng
tng ng bng -0,000186 VK
-1
v -0,000127 VK
-1
.
Xc nh G
o
. H
o
i vi phn ng:

PbI
2
+ 2AgCl PbCl
2
+ 2AgI

12. 25
o
C sc in ng chun E
o
ca pin:

(Pt)H
2
(1atm) | H
2
SO
4
(m) | Ag
2
SO
4
, Ag
bng: 0,627V
a. Vit phn ng trn tng in cc v phn ng xy ra trong pin.
Th.s Bi Thu Qunh (ch bin) Nguyn Hu Hiu Nguyn Th Phng Tho Nguyn Th Chinh
Ng Vn Tun Ng Quang Huy ng Thanh Huyn V Th Ngc Mai Th Thanh Thy

Bi tp ha l tp 3 42

M
1 1 2
( ) ( )
349, 7; 76, 3 . .
H Cl
dlg cm
+


= =
M
4
( )
0, 74
CuSO
=
b. Tnh sc in ng ca pin nu m = 0,1 (b qua h s hot )
c. Tnh sc in ng bit rng i vi H
2
SO
4
0,1m, h s hot

13. Cho pin in (Pt) H
2
(1 atm) | NaOH(m) | HgO, Hg 25
o
C E =0.9224V

a. Vit cc phn ng in cc v phn ng tng qut
b. Tnh E
o
25
o
C
c. Tnh E 308K nu H =146,3 kJ

14. Tnh sc in ng ca pin nng 25
o
C

Ag| AgNO
3
0,05N || AgNO
3
2N | Ag

15. Tnh sc in ng 25
o
C i vi pin:

Cu | CuSO
4
0,001M || CuSO
4
0,1 M | Cu

Nu i vi dung dch CuSO
4
0,001M h s hot bng 0,74 v i vi dung
dch CuSO
4
0,1 M h s hot bng 0,16.

16. Sc in ng ca pin nng 25
o
C

Ag | Ag
+
( a=0,001) || Ag
+
( a=x) | Ag

bng 0,0579 V, xc nh x.

17. Tnh sc in ng ca nguyn t Ganvani:

(Pt) H
2
(1atm) | HCl(a = 0,001) HCl (a=0,92) | H
2
(1atm) (Pt)

nu 25
o
C

18. Tnh sc in ng ca pin:

(Pt) H
2
(1atm)| HCl(m=0,01) | AgCl, Ag Ag, AgCl | HCl (m=0,1) | H
2
(1atm) (Pt)

Nu ti m = 0,01, h s hot trung bnh ca HCl bng 0,904 v ti 0,1 bng
0,796.

19. Tnh s ti ca ion Cu
2+
trong dung dch CuSO
4
long bit rng 25
o
C sc
in ng ca nguyn t c nng ti:

Cu | CuSO
4
(0,001m) CuSO
4
(0,01m) | Cu

bng 0,0268 V v i vi dung dch 0,001m v bng 0,44 i
vi dung dch 0,01m.

0, 7

=
Th.s Bi Thu Qunh (ch bin) Nguyn Hu Hiu Nguyn Th Phng Tho Nguyn Th Chinh
Ng Vn Tun Ng Quang Huy ng Thanh Huyn V Th Ngc Mai Th Thanh Thy

Bi tp ha l tp 3 43

M
M
20. 25
o
C Abic v Kamming o sc in ng ca pin nng c ti:

Ag | AgNO
3
(0,01N) AgNO
3
(0,1N) | Ag

v tim thy E = 0,059 V. So snh gi tr ny vi gi tr tnh ton da vo
cc d kin:
AgNO
3
0,1N h s hot trung bnh: 0,733 t
+
= 0,468
AgNO
3
0,01N h s hot trung bnh: 0,892 t
+
= 0,468

21. Mt nguyn t Ganvani gm hai in cc hidro c nhng vo dung dch
HCl 0,1M. in cc hidro th nht c x l bng hidro nguyn cht di p sut kh
quyn, in cc hidro th 2 c x l bng hn hp kh Hidro v argon cng di p sut
kh quyn. Xc nh nng phn mol ca hidro trong hn hp trn nu 300K sc in
ng ca nguyn t ny bng 10mV. Cho bit chiu ca dng in mch ngoi khi ni 2
in cc bng dy dn.

22. Cho mch c nng ti:

Hg, Hg
2
Cl
2
| NaCl (0,1m) NaCl(0,001m) | Hg
2
Cl
2
, Hg

a. Vit phn ng in cc v phn ng tng qut
b. Vit phng trinh biu th sc in ng 25
o
C
c. Tnh sc in ng ny 25
o
C nu t
+
= 0,4 i vi dung dch NaCl v
nu h s hot trung bnh ca NaCl 0,1m bng 0,6 v ca NaCl 0,001m bng 1.
d. Tnh sc in ng trong trng hp b qua th khuch tn v h s
hot .

23. 25
o
C sc in ng ca mch:

(Pt)H
2
(1atm) | H
+
|| KCl 0,1N | Hg
2
Cl
2
, Hg

bng 0,5 V. Xc nh pH ca dung dch tip xc vi in cc hidro bit th
in cc ca Calomen 25
o
C bng 0,3338V

24. xc nh pH ca mt dung dich axit, ngi ta lp mch:

Hg, Hg
2
Cl
2
| KCl 0,1N || Quinhidron, H
+
| Pt

v o sc in ng 25
o
C, E = 0,096V.
Hy xc inh pH ca dung dch bit th chun ca in cc Quinhidron
bng 0,6994 Vv th in cc ca Calomen trng hp ny bng 0,3338 V.

25. Thit lp nguyn t in ha cho php xc nh hot ca ZnCl
2
trong H
2
O.

26. 25
o
C sc in ng ca mch:

(Pt) H
2
(1atm) | H
2
SO
4
(m) | Hg
2
SO
4
, Hg
Th.s Bi Thu Qunh (ch bin) Nguyn Hu Hiu Nguyn Th Phng Tho Nguyn Th Chinh
Ng Vn Tun Ng Quang Huy ng Thanh Huyn V Th Ngc Mai Th Thanh Thy

Bi tp ha l tp 3 44

M

bng 0,754 V nu m = 0,05 v bng 0,6959 nu m = 0,5.
H s hot trung bnh ca H
2
SO
4
ti m =0,05 bng 0,34. Xc nh h s
hot trung bnh ca H
2
SO
4
ti m =0,5.

27. 25
o
C sc in ng ca mch:

Pb, PbSO
4
| CuSO
4
m = 0,02 | Cu

bng 0,5594 V. Xc nh h s hot trung bnh ca CuSO
4
bit:


2
2
4 4
/
, /
0, 34
0, 35
o
Cu Cu
o
Pb PbSO SO
V
V

=
=



28. Kt qu o sc in ng 25
o
C cc nng i vi mch:

Zn | ZnSO
4
(m) | PbSO
4
, Pb

c ghi nh sau:


m
m
ln
RT
m
F

E
0,001 0,03462 -0,17745 0,59714
0,005 0,07071 -0,13611 0,56598

a. Vit cc phn ng in cc.
b. Tnh E
o
ca mch bng th
c. Xc nh h s hot trung bnh ca ZnSO
4
trong dung dich 0,005m

29. Sc in ng ca mch nng khng ti:

(Pt) H
2
(1atm)| HCl(m=0,001) | AgCl, Ag Ag, AgCl | HCl (m=0,1) | HCl(m=0,1)|
H
2
(1atm) (Pt)

25
O
C bng 0,227
Xc nh h s hot trung bnh ca HCl trong dung dch 0,1m.

30. Tnh s ti ca ion ng trong dung dch CuSO
4
long bit rng 298K, sc
in ng ca mch nng c ti:

Cu | CuSO
4
0,001M CuSO
4
0,1 M | Cu

bng 0,0268 V. H s hot trung bnhi vi dung dch CuSO
4
0,001m
bng 0,74 v i vi dung dch CuSO
4
0,001m bng 0,44
Th.s Bi Thu Qunh (ch bin) Nguyn Hu Hiu Nguyn Th Phng Tho Nguyn Th Chinh
Ng Vn Tun Ng Quang Huy ng Thanh Huyn V Th Ngc Mai Th Thanh Thy

Bi tp ha l tp 3 45

0
1, 68V =
0
1, 50V =
0
0, 77V =

31. Tnh tan ca AgBr trong nc 25
o
C da vo cc d kin v th chun ca
cc in cc sau:


/
, /
0,8
0, 071
o
Ag Ag
o
Ag AgBr Br
V
V

=
=


32. 25
o
C sc in ng chun E
o
ca pin:

(Pt)H
2
(1atm) | H
2
SO
4
(m) | Ag
2
SO
4
, Ag
bng: 0,627V
a. Vit phn ng trn tng in cc v phn ng xy ra trong pin.
b. Tnh sc in ng ca pin nu m = 0,1 (b qua h s hot )
c. Tnh sc in ng bit rng i vi H
2
SO
4
0,1m, h s hot
d. Tnh tch s tan ca Ag
2
SO
4
.

33. Cho cc d kin sau:

Au
+
+ 1e Au

Au
3+
+ 3e

Au

Fe
3+
+ e Fe
2+


Tnh hng s cn bng ca phn ng:


2 3 3
2 2 Fe Au Fe Au
+ + + +

+ +



34. 35
o
C sc in ng ca pin:

Cd, CdSO
4
| H
2
SO
4
0,02m | H
2
(1atm)(Pt)

bng 0,38 V. Cng ti nhit ny th chun ca in cc Cd
2+
/Cd bng -
0,45. Tnh tch s tan ca CdSO
4
ti 35
o
C.


35. 298K sc in ng ca pin:

Cu | CuCl
2
(m) | AgCl , Ag

bng 0,191 V nu m =10
-4
v bng -0,074 V nu m = 0,2
Vit cc phn ng in cc v tnh h s hot trung bnh ca CuCl
2

0,2m


0, 7

=0, 7

=
Th.s Bi Thu Qunh (ch bin) Nguyn Hu Hiu Nguyn Th Phng Tho Nguyn Th Chinh
Ng Vn Tun Ng Quang Huy ng Thanh Huyn V Th Ngc Mai Th Thanh Thy

Bi tp ha l tp 3 46

M
, /
.
ln
w o Cl
Ag AgCl Cl
OH
K a
RT
E E
F a

=
36. i vi nguyn t Ganvani:

Cu | Cu(CH
3
COO) 0,1m | AgCH
3
COO, Ag

Ngi ta cc d kin sau:
E
298
= 0,372 V E
308
= 0,374 V


2
/
/
0, 8
0, 34
o
Ag Ag
o
Cu Cu
V
V

+
+
=
=


a. Vit cc phn ng in cc v phn ng xy ra trong pin.
b. Tnh G, S, S i vi phn ng ca pin
c. Tnh tch s tan ca AgCH
3
COO
37. 298K, nguyn t

Hg, Hg
2
Cl
2
| KCl(b.h) || CH
3
COOH (6.10
-4-
M), quinhidron | Pt

c sc in ng E = 0,2215 V. Bit rng th in cc ca quinhidron bng
0,6995 V, th ca in cc calomen bo ha bng 0,2415 V, Tnh hng s phn li ca
CH
3
COOH.

38. Mch nng khng ti:

(Pt)H
2
| HCl 0,0001 m | AgCl, Ag Ag, AgCl | HCl 0,1 m | H
2
(Pt)

C sc in ng E = 0,335 V 25
o
C.
a. Vit phn ng xy ra trong mch trn.
b. Tnh h s hot trung bnh ca HCl nng 0,1 m.

39. Sc in ng ca 2 pin sau, c xc nh 25
o
C:
(a) (Pt)H
2
(1atm) | HCl 0,0001 m | AgCl, Ag Ag, AgCl | HCl 0,1 m | H
2
(1atm)(Pt)
(b) (Pt)H
2
(1atm) | HCl (m
1
) HCl (m
2
) | H
2
(1atm) (Pt)

i vi mi pin hy vit cc phn ng in cc v phn ng tng qut. Vit
phng trnh biu th sc in ng i vi mi pin, t hy chng t rng s ti ca
ion H
+
c th xc nh t s o sc in ng ca 2 loi pin ny.


40. Chng minh rng sc in ng ca pin:

(Pt)H
2
(1atm) | NaOH(m
1
), NaCl (m
2
) | AgCl, Ag


c xc nh bng cng thc:


Th.s Bi Thu Qunh (ch bin) Nguyn Hu Hiu Nguyn Th Phng Tho Nguyn Th Chinh
Ng Vn Tun Ng Quang Huy ng Thanh Huyn V Th Ngc Mai Th Thanh Thy

Bi tp ha l tp 3 47

, /
0, 2224
o
Ag AgCl Cl
V

=
, /
o
Ag AgCl Cl


2
/
0, 4
o
Cd Cd
V
+
=
Vi K
W
l tch s ion ca nc

Di y l kt qu thu c 25
o
C i vi m
1
= 0,01.

E(von) 1,0195 1,0324 1,0089 0,9910 0,9730
m
2
0,01 0,02 0,05 0,10 0,20

Hy tnh K

bit rng

Bng cch no tnh c

41. Cho nguyn t in ha:

Cd, Cd(OH)
2
| NaOH 0,01m / H
2
| 1atm (Pt)

25
o
C sc in ng bng 0. Bit

a. Vit cc phn ng in cc v phn ng tng qut.
b. Tnh tch s tan ca Cd(OH)
2
.
c. Tnh H ca phn ng trong pin bit dE/dT = 0,002 V/K.

42. 20
o
C sc in ng ca pin in:

Pb, Pb(OH)
2
| NaOH 1N | HgO, Hg

bng 0,676 V.Tnh tch s tan ca Pb(OH)
2
bit:


2
/
, /
0,126
0, 098
o
Pb Pb
o
Hg HgO OH
V
V

=
=


43. Mt pin in gm in cc l mt si dy Ag nhng vo dd AgNO
3
v in
cc kia l 1 s dy Pt nhng vo dd mui Fe
2+
v Fe
3+
.
a. Vit ptp khi pin hot ng.
b. Tnh sc in ng ca pin iu kin chun
c. Phn ng xy ra trong pin nh th no nu dung dch Ag
+
c nng bng
0,1M v dung dch Fe
2+
v Fe
3+
cng c nng l 1M.
d. Vi nng cc dung dch nh th no th pin phng ht in.


B.2. Gi v p n

1. Tham kho gio trnh

2. Tham kho gio trnh

Th.s Bi Thu Qunh (ch bin) Nguyn Hu Hiu Nguyn Th Phng Tho Nguyn Th Chinh
Ng Vn Tun Ng Quang Huy ng Thanh Huyn V Th Ngc Mai Th Thanh Thy

Bi tp ha l tp 3 48

[ ]
[ ]
0
0, 059 0, 059 1
lg 0, 071 lg 0, 2067
1 1 1.0, 005
AgBr
E E
Ag Br

= + = + =
(

0, 2067 ( 0, 4325) 0, 6392
pin
E E E
+
= = =
3. Tham kho gio trnh

4. Tham kho gio trnh

5. Tham kho gio trnh

6.
Nguyn t: Zn | ZnSO
4
|| CuSO
4
| Cu
(+) Cu
2+
+ 2e Cu
(-) Zn -2e Zn
2+

Phn ng tng qut: Zn + Cu
2+
Cu + Zn
2+


Nguyn t: Ag, AgCl | KCl | Hg
2
Cl
2
, Hg
(+) Hg
2
Cl
2
+ 2e 2Hg + 2Cl
-
(-) Ag + Cl
-
- 1e AgCl
Phn ng tng qut: Hg
2
Cl
2
+ 2Ag 2AgCl + 2Hg

Cc nguyn t khc vit tng t.

7.
a
in cc: Cd | Cd
2+
(a = 0,1 )
Cd
2+
+ 2e Cd

[ ]
2
0
0, 059 0, 059 0,1
lg 0, 403 lg 0, 4325
2 2 1
Cd
E E
Cd
+
(

= + = + =

in cc: Ag, AgBr | Br
-
(a = 0,005)
AgBr + 1e Ag + Br
-






Cc in cc khc tnh tng t.

b.
Ghp 2 in cc a v c ta thu c pin trong in cc Cadimi l cc m
cn in cc bc l dng do th in cc ca bc dng hn ca cadimi.
S pin: Cd | Cd
2+
|| Br
-
| AgBr, Ag




Cc trng hp khc lm tng t.

Th.s Bi Thu Qunh (ch bin) Nguyn Hu Hiu Nguyn Th Phng Tho Nguyn Th Chinh
Ng Vn Tun Ng Quang Huy ng Thanh Huyn V Th Ngc Mai Th Thanh Thy

Bi tp ha l tp 3 49

( )
1
1
1
2.96500.( 0, 000186) 35, 898 /
2.96500. 298.( 0, 000186) 0, 4902 105306
. 94608, 6
P
P
E
S nF J K
T
E
H nF T E J
T
G H T S J
| |
= = =
|

\
| |
| |
= = =
| |

\
\
= =
8.
Phn ng: Cd + CuSO
4
Cu

+ CdSO
4




S pin: Cd | Cd
2+
|| Cu
2+
| Cu

Phn ng: Ag
+
+ I
-
AgI
S d pin: I
-
| AgI | Ag
+


Cc phn ng khc tng t.

9. p dng cng thc:


P
P
E
S nF
T
E
H nF T E
T
| |
=
|

\
| | | |
=
| |

\
\

p s: H = 63,78 kJ
S = -925,03 J/K

10. Trong khong bin thin nhit tng i nh v s thay i th in cc
theo nhit nh th

P
E E
T T

| |

|

\

Sau p dng cng thc:


.
P
P
E
S nF
T
E
H nF T E
T
G H T S

| |
=
|

\
| | | |
=
| |

\
\
=


11.
Pin 1 c phn ng trong pin: Pb + 2AgCl PbCl
2
+ 2Ag
p dng cng thc ta c:









Th.s Bi Thu Qunh (ch bin) Nguyn Hu Hiu Nguyn Th Phng Tho Nguyn Th Chinh
Ng Vn Tun Ng Quang Huy ng Thanh Huyn V Th Ngc Mai Th Thanh Thy

Bi tp ha l tp 3 50

( )
2
2
2
2.96500.( 0, 000127) 24, 511 /
2.96500. 298.( 0, 000127) 0, 2111 48046, 6
. 40742, 322
P
P
E
S nF J K
T
E
H nF T E J
T
G H T S J
| |
= = =
|

\
| | | |
= = =
| |

\
\
= =
2
2 4
4
2
2 2
2
4
0,1 0, 2; 0,1
0, 059 0, 059 1
lg 0, 627 lg 0, 6977
2 2 0, 2 .0,1
H SO
H SO
H
o
m m m
P
E E V
H SO
+
+
= = =
= + = + =
( (

2 4 2 4 2 4 2 4
2 2
2
2 4
4
3
2 3 3
4.0,1 0,16 . 0,112
0, 059 0, 059 0, 059 1
lg lg 0, 627 lg 0, 711
2 2 2 0,112
H SO H SO H SO H SO
H H
o o
H SO
H SO
m a m
P P
E E E V
a a a

= = = =
= + = + = + =
Pin 2 c phn ng trong pin: Pb + 2AgI PbI
2
+ 2Ag
p dng cng thc ta c:










T hp hai phng trnh: ly phng trnh (1) tr phng trnh (2).










1 2
1 2
53, 9
57, 3
o
o
G G G kJ
H H H kJ
= =
= =



12.
a. (+) Ag
2
SO
4
+ 2e 2Ag + SO
4
2-
(-) H
2
-2e 2H
+

Phn ng tng qut: H
2
+ Ag
2
SO
4
2Ag + 2H
+
+ SO
4
2-


b.







c.



Pb + 2AgCl PbCl
2
+ 2Ag
-
Pb + 2AgI PbI
2
+ 2Ag


PbI
2
+ 2AgCl PbCl
2
+ 2AgI

Th.s Bi Thu Qunh (ch bin) Nguyn Hu Hiu Nguyn Th Phng Tho Nguyn Th Chinh
Ng Vn Tun Ng Quang Huy ng Thanh Huyn V Th Ngc Mai Th Thanh Thy

Bi tp ha l tp 3 51

2
0, 059 0, 059
lg lg1
2 2
0, 9224
o o o
H
o
E E P E E
E E V
= + = + =
= =
3
146300 2.96500.0, 9224
5, 64.10
2.96500.298
P
E
T

+
| |
= =
|

\
3
146300
. 308.5, 64.10 0, 979
2.96500
P
E H
E T V
T nF


| |
= = =
|

\
3
3
(2 )
2
0, 059lg 0, 059lg 0, 0945
(0, 05 ) 0, 05
AgNO
AgNO
C N
E V
C N
= = =
2
2
(0,1 )
0, 059 0, 059 0,1.0,16
lg lg 0, 0394
2 (0, 001 ) 2 0, 001.0, 74
Cu
Cu
a M
E V
a M
+
+
= = =
3
0, 059lg 0, 0579 9, 58.10
0, 001
x
E V x

= = =
.
P P
E E H nFE
H nF T E
T T nFT
| | +
| | | |
= =
| | |

\ \
\

13.
a. (+) HgO + H
2
O +2e Hg + 2OH
-

(-) H
2
+ 2OH
-
-2e 2H
2
O
Phn ng tng qut: HgO + H
2
Hg + H
2
O

b.





c.



Thay E = 0,9224 V v T = 298 K c:





Vy: Sc in ng ca pin 308K l:





14.






15.







16.




Th.s Bi Thu Qunh (ch bin) Nguyn Hu Hiu Nguyn Th Phng Tho Nguyn Th Chinh
Ng Vn Tun Ng Quang Huy ng Thanh Huyn V Th Ngc Mai Th Thanh Thy

Bi tp ha l tp 3 52

76, 3
0,18
76, 3 349, 7
Cl
Cl H
t


= = =
+ +
2
1 1
1 2 2
0, 059
lg
2 .
pin pin
H
o
H Cl
P
E E
a a
+
= +
2 2
2
2 2
2
.
0, 059
lg
2
pin pin
H Cl
o
H
a a
E E
P
+
= +
2 2
1 1
2 2
1 2
2 2
.
0, 059
lg
2 .
pin pin
pin pin
H Cl
pinghep
H Cl
a a
E E E
a a
+
+
= + =
( )
( )
4
1 2 4
3
0, 0796
0, 059
lg 0,11148
2
9, 04.10
pinghep
E E E V

= + = =
2
(0,092) (0,092)
2
(0,001) (0,001)
(0,092)
(0,001)
( )
2 ln ln
( )
0, 059 0, 92
ln 0,18. lg 0, 0314
1 0, 001
a a
RT RT
E t t
nF a nF a
a
RT
t
nF a


= =
= = =
17. p dng cng thc:
















18. y l 2 pin c ghp li vi nhau.
Pin 1: (Pt) H
2
(1atm)| HCl(m=0,01) | AgCl, Ag
Phn ng trong pin: AgCl + H
2
Ag + 2H
+
+ 2Cl
-





Pin 2: Ag, AgCl | HCl (m=0,1) | H
2
(1atm) (Pt)
Phn ng trong pin: Ag + 2H
+
+ 2Cl
-
AgCl + H
2







Vy:






Mt khc: dd HCl 0,01m c m

=0,01 vy a
H+
= a
Cl-
= a

= 0,01.0,904 = 9,04.10
-3

dd HCl 0,1m c m

=0,1 vy a
H+
= a
Cl-
= a

= 0,1.0,796 = 0,0796







Th.s Bi Thu Qunh (ch bin) Nguyn Hu Hiu Nguyn Th Phng Tho Nguyn Th Chinh
Ng Vn Tun Ng Quang Huy ng Thanh Huyn V Th Ngc Mai Th Thanh Thy

Bi tp ha l tp 3 53

2
2
(0, 01)
0, 059
2 . lg 0, 0268
2 (0, 001)
Cu
Cu
a
E t V
a
+
+

= =
2 2 2 2 2
. .
Cu Cu Cu Cu Cu
a m m
+ + + + +

= =
2 2
2 2
(0,01)
(0,001)
0, 0268
0, 5867
. 0, 01.0, 44
0, 059.lg
0, 059.lg
0, 001.0, 74
.
1 1 0, 5867 0, 4133
Cu Cu
Cu Cu
E
t
m
m
t t

+ +
+ +

+
= = =
= = =
(0,1 )
(0,01 )
.
0,1.0, 733
2 .0, 059.lg 2.(1 0, 468).0, 059.lg 0, 0574
. 0, 01.0, 892
Ag Ag N
Ag Ag N
m
E t V
m

+ +
+ +

= = =
2
2
(1)
1
(1)
0, 059
lg
2
o
H
H
E E
P
+
(

= +
2
2
(2)
2
(2)
0, 059
lg
2
o
H
H
E E
P
+
(

= +

19. V y l mch c ti cation nn:





M CuSO
4
l cht in phn 1-1:



Thay s ta c:









20. Pin ny l pin nng c ti cation.
Tng t bi 19 ta c





Vy gi tr thc nghim nh hn gi tr tinh ton l thuyt.


21. Phng trnh tng qut dng chung cho 2 in cc:
2H
+
+2e H
2


in cc 1 l in cc c x l bng hidro nguyn cht:







in cc 1 l in cc c x l bng hidro nguyn cht:





Th.s Bi Thu Qunh (ch bin) Nguyn Hu Hiu Nguyn Th Phng Tho Nguyn Th Chinh
Ng Vn Tun Ng Quang Huy ng Thanh Huyn V Th Ngc Mai Th Thanh Thy

Bi tp ha l tp 3 54

2
2
(2)
2 2
1 2
(1)
0, 059
10 lg 10
2
H
pin
H
P
E E E
P

= = = =
[
2
0, 46 1( )
0, 059 20
lg 10 lg
2, 26 1( ) 2 1 59
pin
x TM
x
E x
x L

= <
= = =
= >
2
(0,1 ) (0,1 )
2
(0,001 ) (0,001 )
0, 059
2 . lg 2 .0, 059lg
2
Cl m Cl m
Cl m Cl m
a a
E t t
a a



+ +

= =
(0,1 ) (0,1 )
(0,001 ) (0,001 )
.
2 .0, 059lg 2 .0, 059.lg
.
0, 6.0,1
2.0, 4.0, 059.lg 0, 84
0, 001.1
Cl m Cl Cl m
Cl m Cl Cl m
a m
E t t
a m
V




+ +

= = =
= =

Do cha xc inh c in cc no l dng, in cc no l m nn:





M p sut kh Hidro in cc 1 bng 1 v x l bng hidro nguyn cht
p sut kh quyn. Cn p sut ca hidro in cc 2 bng x (vi x l nng phn s
mol ca hidro trong hn hp ca hidro vi argon p sut kh quyn, x<1)
Vy:





22.
a. (+) Hg
2
Cl
2
+ 2e 2Hg + 2Cl
-
(0,001m)
(-) 2Hg + 2Cl
-
- 2e Hg
2
Cl
2
(0,1m)
Phn ng tng qut: 2Cl
-
(0,001m) 2Cl
-
(0,1m)

b. V y l mch nng c ti anion nn:





c.









d. Khi b qua h s hot v th khuch tn:


( )
( )
2
2 2
(0,1 )
(0,1 )
2 2
(0,001 )
(0,001 )
0, 059 0, 059 0, 059 0,1
lg lg lg 0,118
2 2 2 0, 001
Cl m
Cl m
Cl m
Cl m
m
a
E V
a
m

| |
= = = =
|
\



Th.s Bi Thu Qunh (ch bin) Nguyn Hu Hiu Nguyn Th Phng Tho Nguyn Th Chinh
Ng Vn Tun Ng Quang Huy ng Thanh Huyn V Th Ngc Mai Th Thanh Thy

Bi tp ha l tp 3 55

2 2
2 / 2 /
0, 3338 0, 5 0,1662
pin Calomen Calomen pin
H H H H
E E E E E E V
+ +
= = = =
[ ]
2 2
2
2 / 2 /
0, 059 0,1662
lg 0 0, 059 0,1662 2, 82
2 0, 059
o
H H H H
E E H pH pH
+ +

= + = = = =

0, 3338 0, 096 0, 4298


Quinhidron pin Calomen
E E E V = + = + =
2 4
2
2 4 4
2
4
2 , /
0, 059
lg
2 .
Hg SO
o
Hg SO Hg SO
Hg
SO
a
E E
a a

+
= +
2
2 4 4
2
4
2
, /
0, 059 1
lg
2 .
o
pin
Hg SO Hg SO
H SO
E E E E
a a

+
+
= = +
2
4
3 3
4. 4.0, 05 0, 08 . 0, 08.0, 34 0, 0272
0, 0272
H SO
m m a m
a a a

= = = = = =
= = =
23.



Mt khc:



24.



0, 4298 0, 6944
0, 059 4, 485
0, 059 0, 059
o
Quinhidron Quinhidron o
Quinhidron Quinhidron
E E
E E pH pH V


= = = =



25.

26. Cc dng: Hg
2
SO
4
+2e 2Hg + SO
4
2-





Cc m: H
2
-2e 2H
+



2
2
2
2 /
0, 059
lg
2
o H
H H
H
a
E E
P
+
+

= +

Vy:






Mt khc:

Dung dch H
2
SO
4
0,05 m





Th.s Bi Thu Qunh (ch bin) Nguyn Hu Hiu Nguyn Th Phng Tho Nguyn Th Chinh
Ng Vn Tun Ng Quang Huy ng Thanh Huyn V Th Ngc Mai Th Thanh Thy

Bi tp ha l tp 3 56

2
2 4 4
2
4
2 3 , /
0, 059 1 0, 059 1
lg 0, 754 lg 0, 6154
2 . 2 0, 0272
o
pin
Hg SO Hg SO
H SO
E E V
a a

+
= = =
2 2
2 4 4 2 4 4
2
4
2 3 , / , /
3
0, 059 1 0, 059 1
lg lg
2 . 2
0,123
0,123 0,15497
4.0, 5
o o
pin
Hg SO Hg SO Hg SO Hg SO
H SO
E E E E E
a a x
a
x a V
m


+
+

= = + = +
= = = =
2 2 2 2
4 4 4
/ , /
0, 059
lg( . )
2
o o
pin
Cu Cu Pb PbSO SO Cu SO
E E E a a
+ +
= +
2 2
4
2 2
4
2 2
4
5
2 5
5 5
. 3, 74.10
. 3, 74.10
3, 74.10 3, 74.10
0, 30577
. 0, 02.0, 02
Cu SO
Cu SO
Cu SO
a a
m m
m m

+
+
+

=
=
= = =
2 2
4 4
2 2 2 2
4 4 4
2 2
4
, / /
, / /
0 0 2 0
0
ln
2 2
ln( ) ln ln
2 2
ln( . )
Pb PbSO SO Zn Zn
o o
Pb PbSO SO Zn Zn SO Zn
SO Zn
E
RT RT
a a
F F
RT RT RT
E a a E a E a
F F F
RT
E m
F

+
+ +
+


=
=
= = =
=
thay vo phng trnh sc in ng ca pin ta c:





Dung dch H
2
SO
4
0,5 m
Gi x = hot trung bnh ca dd H
2
SO
4
0,5 m.
Vy:







27.
(+) Cu
2+
+2e Cu
(-) Pb -2e +SO
4
2-
PbSO
4






Thay s ta c:







28.
a. (+) PbSO
4
+ 2e Pb + SO
4
2-

(-) Zn -2e Zn
2+


b. Sc in ng ca mch cho c biu din bng biu thc:








Th.s Bi Thu Qunh (ch bin) Nguyn Hu Hiu Nguyn Th Phng Tho Nguyn Th Chinh
Ng Vn Tun Ng Quang Huy ng Thanh Huyn V Th Ngc Mai Th Thanh Thy

Bi tp ha l tp 3 57

0 0
ln( . ) ln ln
RT RT RT
E E m E m
F F F


= =
lg 0, 51 . m C m

= +
0, 059( 0, 51 . ) 0, 059lg
0, 03 0, 059. . 0, 059lg
o
E E m C m m
m C m m
= +
=
0, 059lg 0, 03 0, 059. .
o
E m m E C m Y + = =
m ZnSO
4
l cht in phn 1-1 nn m = m

nn:




Theo -bai Hucken:


vi C l 1 hng s no .
Phng trnh (E E
o
)by gi c dng:





hoc



Biu din bng th s ph thuc ca v tri phng trnh trn ph thuc
vo m ri ngoi suy th ti m = 0, ta s thu c gi tr ca E
o
.















Bng th, xc nh c E
o
= 0,41146 V




Th.s Bi Thu Qunh (ch bin) Nguyn Hu Hiu Nguyn Th Phng Tho Nguyn Th Chinh
Ng Vn Tun Ng Quang Huy ng Thanh Huyn V Th Ngc Mai Th Thanh Thy

Bi tp ha l tp 3 58

2
1 1
1
2 2
0, 059
lg
2 .
pin pin
H
o
H Cl
P
E E
a a
+
= +
0, 059lg 0, 059lg
o
E E m

=
0, 059lg 0, 03 0, 42755 E m m + =
0, 059lg 0, 42755 0, 03 0, 42755 0, 03 0, 005 0, 43 E m m + = + = + =
0,41146 0,43
0,059
0, 43 0, 059lg 0, 41146 0, 059lg
10 0, 485
o
E

= =
= =

c. Bit E
o
ta c th tnh c h s hot trung bnh.



vi m = 0,005 ta c:


vy:


v:





29. y l 2 pin c ghp li vi nhau.
Pin 1: (Pt) H
2
(1atm)| HCl(m=0,001) | AgCl, Ag
Phn ng trong pin: AgCl + H
2
Ag + 2H
+
+ 2Cl
-





Th.s Bi Thu Qunh (ch bin) Nguyn Hu Hiu Nguyn Th Phng Tho Nguyn Th Chinh
Ng Vn Tun Ng Quang Huy ng Thanh Huyn V Th Ngc Mai Th Thanh Thy

Bi tp ha l tp 3 59

2 2
2
2 2
2
.
0, 059
lg
2
pin pin
H Cl
o
H
a a
E E
P
+
= +
2 2
1 1
2 2
1 2
2 2
.
0, 059
lg
2 .
pin pin
pin pin
H Cl
pinghep
H Cl
a a
E E E
a a
+
+
= + =
(2) (2)
0,1 ; 0,1
H Cl
a a
+
+
= =

+
= =
(2) (2)
0,1
H Cl
a a
+

= =
( ) ( )
2 2
2 2
0,1 . 0,1
0, 059
lg 0, 227
2 0, 001 .0, 001
0, 8389 0, 84
pin
E V

= =
=
2
2
2
2
(0,01 )
(0,01 )
(0,001 )
(0,001 )
0, 059
2 . .lg
2
0, 059lg
0, 0268
0, 5867
0, 01.0, 44
0, 059lg
0, 001.0, 74
1 1 0, 5867 0, 4133
Cu m
Cu m
Cu m
Cu m
a
E
E t t
a
a
a
t t
+
+
+
+

+
=
= =
= = =
Pin 2: Ag, AgCl | HCl (m=0,1) | H
2
(1atm) (Pt)
Phn ng trong pin: Ag + 2H
+
+ 2Cl
-
AgCl + H
2






Vy:






V dd HCl 0,001 m coi nh h s hot bng 1 nn a
H+(1)
= a
Cl-(1)
= 0,001

HCl 0,1 m suy ra:
Do HCl l cht in phn 1-1 nn

Vy

Thay vo biu thc ca sc in ng ta c:







30. y l mch nng c ti cation.
V CuSO
4
l cht in phn 1-1 nn m = m


Suy ra: vi dung dch CuSO
4
0,01m, th a

= 0,01.0,44
vi dung dch CuSO
4
0,001m th a

= 0,001.0,74
Vy:












31.
Th.s Bi Thu Qunh (ch bin) Nguyn Hu Hiu Nguyn Th Phng Tho Nguyn Th Chinh
Ng Vn Tun Ng Quang Huy ng Thanh Huyn V Th Ngc Mai Th Thanh Thy

Bi tp ha l tp 3 60

, / / 0,071 0,8
13 0,059 0,059 0,059 0,059
1 2
13 7
. 10 .10 10 .10 4, 4062.10
4, 4062.10 6, 64.10
Ag AgBr Br Ag Ag
E E
t
t
T K K
S T
+


= = = =
= = =
2
2 4
4
2
2 2
2
4
0,1 0, 2; 0,1
0, 059 0, 059 1
lg 0, 627 lg 0, 6977
2 2 0, 2 .0,1
H SO
H SO
H
o
m m m
P
E E V
H SO
+
+
= = =
= + = + =
( (

2 4 2 4 2 4 2 4
2 2
2
2 4
4
3
2 3 3
4.0,1 0,16 . 0,112
0, 059 0, 059 0, 059 1
lg lg 0, 627 lg 0, 711
2 2 2 0,112
H SO H SO H SO H SO
H H
o o
H SO
H SO
m a m
P P
E E E V
a a a

= = = =
= + = + = + =









Vy:






32.
a. (+) Ag
2
SO
4
+ 2e 2Ag + SO
4
2-
(-) H
2
-2e 2H
+

Phn ng tng qut: H
2
+ Ag
2
SO
4
2Ag + 2H
+
+ SO
4
2-




b.







c.




d.






Th.s Bi Thu Qunh (ch bin) Nguyn Hu Hiu Nguyn Th Phng Tho Nguyn Th Chinh
Ng Vn Tun Ng Quang Huy ng Thanh Huyn V Th Ngc Mai Th Thanh Thy

Bi tp ha l tp 3 61

2
, /
/ 2 4
4
2. 2.
2.0,627 2.0,8
2 6 0,059 0,059 0,059 0,059
1 2
. 10 .10 10 .10 1, 366.10
o o
Ag Ag SO SO
Ag Ag
E E
t
T K K

= = = =
2
2 4 4
0
, /
0, 627
o
pin
Ag Ag SO SO
E E V

= =
2 2
2 2
4 4
2
0, 059 0, 059
lg( . ) lglg( . )
2 2
0, 059
0, 38 lg(0, 04 .0, 02) 0, 5126
2
o o
pin pin pin pin
E E H SO E E H SO
V
+ +
( ( ( ( = + =

= =
3 2
3
/ /
/
2.
2 0,059 0,059
0.059
1 2 3
2.0,77 1,68
1,5
23 0,059 0,059
0.059
. . 10 .10 .10
10 .10 .10 1,124.10
o o
o
Fe Fe Au Au
Au Au
E E
E
K K K K
+ + +
+

= =
= =


Thay:


Ta c:







33.











Vy:










34. (+) 2H
+
+ 2e H
2

(-) Cd + SO
4
2-
-2e CdSO
4

Phn ng trong pin: Cd + 2H
+
+SO
4
2-
CdSO
4
+ H
2





Th.s Bi Thu Qunh (ch bin) Nguyn Hu Hiu Nguyn Th Phng Tho Nguyn Th Chinh
Ng Vn Tun Ng Quang Huy ng Thanh Huyn V Th Ngc Mai Th Thanh Thy

Bi tp ha l tp 3 62

2 2
2 2
4 4 2
0, 059 1 0, 059 1
lg lg
2 . 2 .
0, 059 1
0,191 lg 0.145
2 10 .(2.10 )
o o
pin pin pin pin
Cu Cl Cu Cl
o
pin
E E E E
a a a a
E V
+ +

= + =
= =
2
3
m 0, 2 4.0, 2 0, 317 0, 317.
Cu Cl
m a a a
+

= = = = = =
3 3
0, 059 1 0, 059 1
lg lg 0, 074 0,145
2 2 (0, 317. )
0, 5
o
pin pin
E E
a

= = +
=
2
/
2
2
2.0,5126 2.( 0,45)
1 0,059 0,059 0,059 0,059
1 2 3
3
. . 10 .1.10 10 .10 132, 44
1
7, 55.10
132, 44
o
o
pin
Cd Cd
E
E
t
t
T K K K
T
+

= = = =
= =












Vy:








35. Phn ng trong pin: Cu + 2AgCl Cu
2+
+ 2Ag + 2Cl
-


m = 10
-4
, b qua h s hot .











Vy:








36.
a. (+) AgCH
3
COO +1e Ag + CH
3
COO
-

(-) Cu -2e Cu
2+

Th.s Bi Thu Qunh (ch bin) Nguyn Hu Hiu Nguyn Th Phng Tho Nguyn Th Chinh
Ng Vn Tun Ng Quang Huy ng Thanh Huyn V Th Ngc Mai Th Thanh Thy

Bi tp ha l tp 3 63

[ ]
2
2
3
2
0, 059 1
lg
2
.
0, 059 1
0, 372 lg 0, 30126
2 0,1.0, 2
o
pin pin
E E
Cu CH COO
V
+
=
(

= =
2
/
/
2.
2
2
2 0,059 0,059 0,059
1 2 3
2.0,30126 2.0,8 2.0,34
6 3 0,059 0,059 0,059
. . 10 .10 .10
10 .10 .10 4,159.10 2, 04.10
o
o
o
pin Ag Ag
Cu Cu
E
E
E
t
T K K K
+
+


= =
= = =
0, 2215 0, 2415 0, 463
pin Quinhidron Calomen Quinhidron pin Calomen
E E E E E E V = = + = + =
Phn ng tng qut: 2AgCH
3
COO + Cu Cu
2+
+ CH
3
COO
-

b.

4
0, 374 0, 372
2.10
308 298
P
E E
T T


| |
= =
|

\

Sau p dng cng thc, lm tng t cc bi trn.


c. 25
o
C, E
pin
= 0,372 V


































37.
Th.s Bi Thu Qunh (ch bin) Nguyn Hu Hiu Nguyn Th Phng Tho Nguyn Th Chinh
Ng Vn Tun Ng Quang Huy ng Thanh Huyn V Th Ngc Mai Th Thanh Thy

Bi tp ha l tp 3 64

0, 463 0, 6995
0, 059 4
0, 059 0, 059
o
Quindidron Quinhidron o
Quinhidron Quindidron
E E
E E pH pH

+
= = = =
4
3
4 10 pH H CH COO
+
( ( = = =

[ ]
4 4
3
5
4 4
3
.
10 .10
2.10
6.10 10
pl
H CH COO
K
CH COOH
+


( (

= = =

1
(0,0001 ) (0,0001 )
1
0, 059lg
.
o
pin
H m Cl m
E E
a a
+
= +
2
(0,1 ) (0,1 )
0, 059lg( . )
o
pin
H m Cl m
E E a a
+
= +
(0,1 ) (0,1 )
1 2
(0,0001 ) (0,0001 )
.
0, 059lg
.
H m Cl m
pin pin pin
H m Cl m
a a
E E E
a a
+
+
= + =
2
2
(0,1 ) 0,1
0, 059lg 2.0, 059lg 0, 335
(0, 0001) 0, 0001


= = =
0,335
3 3 2.0,059 2.0,059
10 .10 10 .10 0.6902
pin
E

= = =
Mt khc:



V:


nn:





38.
a.
Mch ny c ghp bi 2 pin:
Pin 1: (Pt)H
2
| HCl 0,0001 m | AgCl, Ag : 2AgCl + H
2
Ag + 2H
+
+ 2Cl
-

Pin 2: Ag, AgCl | HCl 0,1 m | H
2
(Pt) : Ag + 2H
+
+ 2Cl
-
2AgCl + H
2

Phn ng tng qut: HCl (0,1m) HCl (0,0001m)

b.















vy:





39. Cc phn ng in cc v phn ng tng qut tng t bi 38 v cc bi
trc.
Chng minh: Vit biu thc tnh th in cc ca mi pin.
Th.s Bi Thu Qunh (ch bin) Nguyn Hu Hiu Nguyn Th Phng Tho Nguyn Th Chinh
Ng Vn Tun Ng Quang Huy ng Thanh Huyn V Th Ngc Mai Th Thanh Thy

Bi tp ha l tp 3 65

, /
1
ln
o
Ag AgCl Cl
Cl
RT
E E
F a

+
= +
0
0
2. .
2 2
.
1
2. .
0
.
2 2
. 1
1 . 1 . 1
ln ln
2
F E
R T
W W
F E
R T
W W W
K K K e K
RT RT
e E
K F K F K

= = =
= = =
, /
, / , /
1 . 1 1
ln ln ln
.
1
ln( . . ) ln ( )
o
pin
Ag AgCl Cl
W
Cl OH
W o o Cl
pin W
Ag AgCl Cl Cl Ag AgCl Cl
OH OH
RT RT RT
E E E E
F a F K F a
a K
RT RT
E E a K E dpcm
F a F a



+
= = + +
= =
Da vo cng thc: E = E
e
+ E
i
. trong E
e
l th gn lin vi qu trnh
in cc, E
i
l th khuch tn, s chng minh c.

40.
a.
Cc dng: AgCl + 1e Ag + Cl
-







Cc m: H
2
+ 2OH
-
-2e 2H
2
O


0
1
ln
OH
RT
E E
F a


= +


Mt khc:
















Vy:







b. Da vo cng thc chng minh c trn ta c:

Th.s Bi Thu Qunh (ch bin) Nguyn Hu Hiu Nguyn Th Phng Tho Nguyn Th Chinh
Ng Vn Tun Ng Quang Huy ng Thanh Huyn V Th Ngc Mai Th Thanh Thy

Bi tp ha l tp 3 66

, /
( ).
.
, /
( ).
. .
ln
.
o
pin
Ag AgCl Cl
E E F
o
R T
pin
W Ag AgCl Cl
Cl OH
W
OH Cl
E E F
a K a e
K
a RT a

= =
, /
0, 2224
o
Ag AgCl Cl
E V

=
(0,2224 ).96500
8,31.298
2
0, 01.
pin
E
W
e
K
m

=
5
1 2 3 4 5
. . . .
W W W W W W
K K K K K K =
, /
o
Ag AgCl Cl
E









Do b qua h s hot nn: a
OH-
= 0,01; a
Cl-
= m
2

Thay

F = 96500
T = 298K

Nn:








Vi cc gi tr ca E
pin
v m
2
trong bng, thay vo ta tinh c: K
W1
; K
W2
; K
W3
;
K
W4
; K
W5




p s: 1,009.10
-14


c. Mun tnh c phi dng phng php th. (Tng t 28.b)



41.
a. (+) 2H
2
O +2e H
2
+ 2OH
-

(-) Cd -2e + 2OH
-
Cd(OH)
2

Phn ng tng qut: Cd + 2H
2
O

Cd(OH)
2
+ H
2


b. Nhn xt v pin ta thy rng: mc d mi in cc ion OH
-
u c tham gia
phn ng, nhng trong phn ng tng qut ion OH
-
b trit tiu nn sc in ng ca pin
khng ph thuc vo nng OH
-
, nn pin ny c E = E
o
bt c nng no ca
NaOH.





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Bi tp ha l tp 3 67

2
/
2
2. 0,4
1 2 28 28 0,059 0,059
1 2 3
2. 0,4
28 1 15 0,059
. . 1.1.10 10 10 .10
(10 .10 ) 3, 625.10
o
Cd Cd
E
t W
t
T K K K K
T
+


= = =
= =
2
, /
/
2
2
2
2.0,676 2.0,098 2.( 0,126)
1 15 0,059 0,059 0,059 0,059 0,059 0,059
16
15
10 .10 .10 10 .10 .10 2,1.10
1
4, 76.10
2,1.10
o
o
o
pin HgO Hg OH
Pb Pb
E
E
E
t
t
T
T

= = =
= =








Vy:





c. p dng cng thc tnh tng t nh bi lm.


42. (+) HgO + H
2
O + 2e Hg + 2OH
-

(-) Pb + 2OH
--
-2e Pb(OH)
2

Phng trnh tng qut: HgO + H
2
O

+ Pb Pb(OH)
2
+ Hg
Nhn xt v pin ta thy rng: mc d mi in cc ion OH
-
u c tham
gia phn ng, nhng trong phn ng tng qut ion OH
-
b trit tiu nn sc in ng ca
pin khng ph thuc vo nng OH
-
, nn pin ny c E = E
o
bt c nng no ca
NaOH.
Vy E
pin
=E
o
pin
= 0,676 V












Suy ra:







43. a,b, c t lm.
d. Pin ngng hot ng khi E
pin
=0, t da vo phng trnh Nerst tm mi
quan h gia nng cc cht.
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Bi tp ha l tp 3 68


*Ch trong sch, tc gi c khi dng k hiu ca th in cc l E, cc c gi cn ch
trnh hiu nhm.












































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Bi tp ha l tp 3 69

. .
.
AI t
m
n F
=
. . I t
m
F
=

96500
' ' '
.96500. .96500
.100% .100% .100%
. . . .
m m n m
H
m A I t I t
= = =
ph p
E E =
Chng 3: in phn v qu th
-
------------888------------

A. L thuyt ch o
Mt s cng thc:
nh lut Faraday:



m: Khi lng cht thot ra in cc
A: Khi lng mol cht thot ra in cc
I: Cng dng in
t: thi gian in phn
n: s e trao i
hoc:




: ng lng gam = A/n

:ng lng in ha

Hiu sut dng: Khi in phn, thng c s tham gia ca mt s qu trnh ph
nn khi lng cht thu c thc t bao gi cng nh hn so vi tnh ton ca Faraday.
T s gia khi lng thc t v khi lng l thuyt gi l hiu sut dng:




Qu th: Qu th (overpotential) l mt khi nim in ha, ch s chnh lch v
in th (Vn) gia in th kh cn bng (so snh vi in cc hidro tiu chun (NHE)
ca bn phn ng oxy ha-kh vi in th p vo in cc nghin cu (so snh vi in
cc hidro tiu chun (NHE)). Qu th biu th s chnh lch v mt nng lng cho
phn ng oxy ha-kh c th xy ra. Phn nng lng chnh lch s c tc dng thng
cc tr lc, iu khin phn ng xy ra theo mt chiu nht nh v vi mt tc nht
nh. Hiu gia th in cc thc t in phn (E
ph
- th in cc phn hy) v th in
cc phn cc (E
p
) gi l qu th.



Qu th ca s gii phng kim loi trn catot thng c gi tr nh, trong
khi , gii phng kh, qu th c gi tr ng k. Qu th l mt hm ca mt in
v c biu th bng phng trnh Tafen
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Bi tp ha l tp 3 70

lg a b i = +



Trong i: mt dng in, a v b l 2 hng s. b c gi tr bng 0,12 v
khng i vi cc kim loi khc nhau cn a thay i kh ln vi cc kim loi.
Cc loi qu th:
Qu th chuyn in tch
Qu th nng
Qu th khuch tn
Qu th kt tinh
Qu th in tr


B. Bi tp

B.1. bi
1. Tnh lng Cu gii phng trn catot nu cho mt dng in c I = 1,5A i qua
dung dch CuSO
4
trong 12 pht.

2. Tm ng lng in ha ca Ni bit rng nu in phn dung dch NiSO
4

bng dng in c I = 0,5 A th sau 48 pht ta thu c 0,438 g Ni.

3. Xc nh hiu suet dng in nu khi cho 25 ampe gi i qua dung dch ZnSO
4

th thu c 22,5 g Zn trn catot.

4. Ngi ta mun m mt lp Ni dy 0,3 mm ln mt tm kim loi din tch 100
cm
2
. Hi phI tin hnh m trong bao lu vi cng dng bng 3A? Nu hiu sut
dng l 90% th ph mt lng Ni tng t nh trn, thi gian i hi l bao nhiu?
bit d
Ni
= 9g/cm
3
.

5. Khi in phn dung dch ZnSO
4
th trn catot c s giI phng H
2
ng thi vi
s thot ra ca Zn v iu ny dn ti hiu suet tch Zn theo dng gim. Xc nh lng
Zn v th tchH
2
thot ra 25
o
C, 1atm trn catot nu cho I qua dung dch 20 ampe
gi, hiu sut tch Zn l 90%.

6. Xc nh sc in ng phn cc khi in phn mt dung dch CuCl
2
25
o
C
nu th in cc ca Cu bng 0,34V cn th in cc ca Clo bng 1,36V.

7. Xc nh th phn hy E
ph
ca CdSO
4
nu qu th oxi trn anot bng 0,4V, v
b qua th ca Cd trn catot. Th chun ca Cd bng -0,4V: th oxi ha chun ca oxi
bng 1,23V.

8. Bit qu th hidro trn in cc Ni bng 0,21V v qu th ca oxi trn Pt bng
0,46V. Hy tm th phn hy ca NiSO
4
khi in phn dung dch ny bng in cc Pt v
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Bi tp ha l tp 3 71

. . 63, 54.1, 5.(12.60)
0, 35556( )
. 2.96500
AI t
m g
n F
= = =
4
. . 0, 438
3, 042.10
96500 96500 . 0, 5.(48.60)
I t m
m
I t

= = = =
. 100.0, 3.0,1.9 27( ) m V d g = = =
'
.96500. 27.96500.2
29440, 68 8 1040, 68
. 3.59
h
m n
t s s
AI
= = = =
'
.96500. 22, 5.96500.2
74, 23%
. . 65.25.3600
m n
H
AI t
= = =
2, 303 2, 303
lg lg
c o
RT RT
i i
nF nF


=
cho bit trn catot c th xy ra qu trnh thot Ni hon ton m khng c s gii phng
Hidro khng.? Th oxi ha chun ca oxi bng 1,23V, th kh chun ca hidro( trong
nc) = -0,8277V. Th kh chun ca Ni bng -0,25V.


9. Ngi ta in phn dung dch H
2
SO
4
vi anot bng Pt. Th phn hy ca H
2
SO
4

bng 2,69V. Qu th ca oxi trn Pt bng 0,46V. Hy tnh qu th ca Hidro trn catot.
Th oxi ha chun ca oxi bng 1,23V.

10. in phn dung dch CuSO
4
1m 25
o
C vi mt dng bng 31,6 A/m
2
. Hy
tnh xem phI t vo catot Cu mt in th m b nht l bao nhiu Cu c th thot ra
trn catot. Chp nhn rng s phn cc nng khng ng k ;th kh chun ca cp
Cu
2+
/Cu =0,34V, h s hot trung bnh ca CuSO
4
1m bng 0,043. Mt dng trao
i i
o
= 0,2 A/m
2
v h s chuyn = 0,5. ch : s dng phng trnh qu th catot:







B.2. Gi v p n.

1. p dng cng thc:




2. p dng cng thc:




3. p dng cng thc:




4. Khi lng ca lp Ni l:


Nu hiu sut dng l 100%:




Nu hiu sut dng l 90%:
Th.s Bi Thu Qunh (ch bin) Nguyn Hu Hiu Nguyn Th Phng Tho Nguyn Th Chinh
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Bi tp ha l tp 3 72

'
100
.29440, 68 32711, 87 9 5
90
h
t s = = =
1, 36 0, 34 1, 02
p p p
E E E V
+
= = =
0, 4 0 0, 4
1, 23 ( 0, 4) 1, 63
1, 63 0, 4 2, 03
p p p
ph p
E E E V
E E V

+
+
= = =
= = =
= + = + =
2
2 2
. . 65.20.3600 90
. . 21, 82( )
. 2.96500 100
. . 2.20.3600 90
.(1 ) .(1 ) 0, 07469( )
. 2.96500 100
. . 0, 0373.0, 082.298
0, 0373 0, 911( )
1
Zn
H
H H
AI t
m H g
n F
AI t
m H g
n F
n RT
n V l
P
= = =
= = =
= = = =
1, 23 ( 0, 25) 1, 48
0, 46 0 0, 46
1, 48 0, 46 1, 92
p p p
ph p
E E E V
V
E E V

+
+
= = =
= = =
= + = + =
2, 69
ph p
ph p
E E
E E

= = +
=
1, 23 ( 0,8277) 2, 0577
0, 46 0, 21 0, 25
2, 3077
p p p
ph p
E E E V
V
E E V

+
+
= = =
= = =
= + =




5.










6.

7.




8. i vi NiSO
4
:







i vi H
2
O:







Th phn hy ca Ni nh hn ca Hidro. Nh vy c th in phn ch thot ra Ni
m khng thot ra hidro khi hiu in th gia 2 in cc ca bnh in phn phi ln hn
1,92 V v nh hn 2,3077V.

9.




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Bi tp ha l tp 3 73

1, 23 0 1, 23
2, 69 1, 23 1, 46
1, 46 0, 46 1, 46 1
p p p
E E E V
V

+
+
+
= = =
= = =
= = =
2 2
0, 059
.ln 0, 34 .lg(1.0, 043) 0, 3
2 2
o
c
Cu Cu
RT
E a V
F

+ +
= + = + =
2, 303 2, 303 2, 303.8, 31.298 2, 303.8, 31.298
lg lg .lg0, 2 .lg31, 6 0,13
0, 5.2.96500 0, 5.2.96500
c o
RT RT
i i V
nF nF


= = =
'
0, 3 ( 0,13) 0,17
c c c
E E V = + = + =
M:





Vy qu th ca Hidro = -1


10.
Theo iu kin ca u bi, catot ca hheej in ha l Cu nhng vo
trong CuSO
4
1m. cho Cu thot ra trn catot th phI t vo in th aamhown
in th cn bng ln in cc Cu; tuy nhin nu tc phn ng catot l ng
k th phi t vo catot in th m thng hiu ng phn cc.
Th cn bng ca ng c tnh theo phng trnh Nerst:




Qu th ca ng trn catot l:




Vy:





Chng 4: Mt s cu hi trc nghim

1. dn in ring ca dung dch in ly c tnh t cng thc:
Trong k l:
a. hng s phn li.
b. in li.
c. h s phn li.
d. hng s bnh in cc.

2. Chn pht biu ng:
a. Th in cc l in th xut hin trn b mt phn cch in cc rn
vi pha lng.
b. Th in cc l in th xut hin trn b mt phn cch ca 2 pha
rn.
c. Th in cc l in th xut hin trn b mt phn cch ca 2 dung
dch c nng khc nhau.
d. Th in cc l in th xut hin trn b mt phn cch in cc rn
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Bi tp ha l tp 3 74

vi pha rn.


3. Cho mt in cc oxi ha kh c qu trnh in cc:
Ox + ne = Kh.
in th ca in cc s l:











4. Cho in cc loi 1, c phn ng in cc:
Me
n+
+ ne = Me.
in th ca in cc s l:












5. Cho in cc lai 2, c phn ng in cc: B + ne = B
n-
.
in th ca in cc s l:











6. Cho in cc: Ag,AgCl/ KCl c phn ng in cc: AgCl + e = Ag + Cl
-
in th ca in cc l:
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Bi tp ha l tp 3 75











7. Trong pin in ha:
a. Anot l in cc xy ra qu trnh oxi ha.
b. Anot l in cc xy ra qu trnh kh.
c. Anot l in cc xy ra qu trnh oxi ha v kh.
d. Anot l in cc khng xc nh c

8. Trong pin in ha:
a. Catot l in cc xy ra qu trnh oxi ha.
b. Catot l in cc xy ra qu trnh kh.
c. Catot l in cc xy ra qu trnh oxi ha v kh.
d. Catot l in cc khng xc nh c.

9. Trong qu trnh in phn:
a. Anot l in cc xy ra qu trnh oxi ha.
b. Anot l in cc xy ra qu trnh kh.
c. Anot l in cc xy ra qu trnh oxi ha v kh.
d. Anot l in cc khng xc nh c.

10. Trong qu trnh in phn:
a. Catot l in cc xy ra qu trnh oxi ha.
b. Catot l in cc xy ra qu trnh kh.
c. Catot l in cc xy ra qu trnh oxi ha v kh.
d. Catot l in cc khng xc nh.

11. Cho pin: Zn | ZnSO
4
|| CuSO
4
| Cu qu trnh in cc l:
a. Zn - 2e = Zn
2+
v Cu - 2e = Cu
2+
b. Zn - 2e = Zn
2+
v Cu
2+
+ 2e = Cu
c. Zn
2+
+ 2e = Zn v Cu
2+
+ 2e = Cu
d. Zn - 2e = Zn
2+
v Cu + 2e = Cu
2+

12. Chn pht biu ng nht:
Cho pin: Zn | ZnSO
4
|| CuSO
4
| Cu
a. dng in i t cc Zn sang cc Cu.
b. dng in i t cc Cu sang cc Zn.
c. dng in i t cc Zn sang cc Cu v dng electron i ngc li.
d. dng in i t cc Cu sang cc Zn v dng electron i ngc li.

13. Cho bit in th tiu chun ca in cc Zn v in cc Cu l -0,76 v
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Bi tp ha l tp 3 76

0,34V. Ti 25
o
C phn ng: Zn + Cu
2+
= Zn
2+
+ Cu c hng s cn bng

l:
a. 1,64.10
37

b. 1,46.10
37
c. 0,146.10
37
d. a, b, c u sai.

14. Khi in phn dung dch NiSO
4
, anot xy ra qu trnh:
H
2
O - 2e = 1/2O
2
+ 2H
+
Nh vy anot l:
a. Zn
b. Ni
c. Fe
d. Pt

15. Cho bit in th tiu chun ca in cc Fe
3+
/Fe
2+
v Cu
2+
/ Cu ln lt l

0,771V v 0,34V. Phn ng t din bin theo chiu:
a. 2Fe
3+
+ Cu
2+
= 2Fe
2+
+ Cu

b. 2Fe
2+
+ Cu = 2Fe
3+
+ Cu
2+
c. 2Fe
3+
+ Cu
2+
= 2Fe
2+
+ Cu
d. 2Fe
3+
+ Cu = 2Fe
2+
+ Cu
2+

16. Cho th in cc tiu chun ca Sn
2+
/ Sn v Fe
2+
/ Fe ln lt l: -0,136 v

-0,44 V. Pin c to bi 2 in cc trn l:
a. Sn| Sn
2+
|| Fe
2+
| Fe

b. Sn
2+
| Sn|| Fe| Fe
2+
c. Fe| Fe
2+
|| Sn
2+
| Sn
d. Fe
2+
| Fe|| Sn
2+
| Sn


17. Mi trng thun li cho qu trnh in ly l mi trng:
a. khng phn cc.
b. phn cc.
c. bo ha cht tan.
d. b v c u ng.

18. dn in ring l:
a. dn in ca mt dung dch c th tch V = 1cm
3
.
b. dn in ca mt dung dch tiu chun.
c. dn in ca hai in cc phng song song c din tch nh nhau
bng 1cm
2
v cch nhau 1cm.
d. a v c u ng.

19. dn in ring ch yu ph thuc vo cc yu t sau:
a. nhit
b. p sut
c. nng v nhit
d. nng , p sut v nhit

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Bi tp ha l tp 3 77

20. in phn dung dch NaCl trong nc vi anot Ti v catot Fe c vch ngn
th qu trnh anot v catot l:








21. Cho pin: Zn| ZnSO4|| CuSO4| Cu, c phn ng xy ra trong pin nh sau:
Cu
2+
+ Zn = Cu + Zn
2+
Pht biu no sau y l ng?
a. khi lng Zn tng.
b. khi lng Zn gim.
c. khi lng Cu gim.
d. dng in chuyn t in cc Zn sang in cc Cu.

22. in cc kim lai M c ph mt lp mui t tan ca n v nhng vo
dung dch c cha anion ca mui (M/ MA/ A
n-
) l in cc:
a. loi 1
b. loi 2
c. loi 3
d. a, b v c u ng.

23. Mch in ha c ti l:
a. mch in cc c hnh thnh do s khc nhau v bn cht ca cc
kim loi dng lm in cc.
b. mch in cc c hnh thnh do s chnh lch nng gy ra dng
in trong mch.
c. mch in cc c hnh thnh t hai dung dch c th ging hay
khc nhau v bn cht nhng hai dung dch phi c tip xc vi
nhau.
d. mch in cc c hnh thnh t hai in cc cng c nhng vo
trong mt dung dch hay hai dung dch ny phi c tch ra khi nhau.

24. C s ca phng php chun in th l im tng ng c xc nh
bng:
a. s thay i th t ngt.
b. s thay i dn t ngt.
c. s thay i s chuyn vn ca cc ion.
d. b v c u ng.

25. Th phn hy ph thuc vo cc yu t:
a. nhit , kch thc in cc.
b. kim loi lm in cc, cu trc b mt in cc.
c. nng ca dung dch.
d. a v b u ng.
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Bi tp ha l tp 3 78

26. in th khuch tn ch xut hin trong mch:


a. mch khng ti
b. mch c ti
c. mch nng
d. mch in cc

27. nh lut in phn Faraday c pht biu:
a. Lng cht b tch ra hay b ha tan khi in phn t l thun vi in
lng i qua dung dch in ly.
b. Lng cht b tch ra hay b ha tan khi in phn t l nghch vi
in lng i qua dung dch in ly.
c. Lng cht b tch ra khi in phn t l thun vi in lng i qua
dung dch in ly.
d. Lng cht b tch ra khi in phn t l nghch vi in lng i qua
dung dch in ly.

28. l i lng:
a. dn in ring.
b. dn in ng lng.
c. dn in ng lng gii hn.
d. dn in ng lng gii hn ca cc ion.


29. Phn ng xy ra trn in cc Calomen.








30. Cho pin in ha: Pt, H
2
| H
+
|| Fe
3+
, Fe
2+
| Pt, phn ng xy ra trong pin l:








31. Cho in cc antimoine OH
-
/ Sb
2
O
3
,Sb c phn ng in cc l:






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Bi tp ha l tp 3 79


32. Cho phn ng xy ra trong pin nh sau:

H
2
+ Cl
2
= 2HCl

Pin c hnh thnh t cc in cc l:








33. Bit dn in gii hn ca dung dch HCl, CH
3
COONa v NaCl ln lt
l 426,1; 91 v 126,5 cm
2
.
-1
.lg
-1
. dn in ng lng gii hn ca
dung dch CH
3
COOH 25
o
C l:








34. Cho phn ng xy ra trong pin nh sau: Cd + CuSO
4
= Cu + CdSO
4
.
Biu thc tnh sc in ng tiu chun l:








35. Cho phn ng xy ra trong pin nh sau: Sn
4+
+ Sn = 2Sn
2+
Biu thc tnh sc in ng ca pin l:











Th.s Bi Thu Qunh (ch bin) Nguyn Hu Hiu Nguyn Th Phng Tho Nguyn Th Chinh
Ng Vn Tun Ng Quang Huy ng Thanh Huyn V Th Ngc Mai Th Thanh Thy

Bi tp ha l tp 3 80

36. Cho phn ng xy ra trong pin nh sau:
Cr
2
O
7
2-
+ 14H
+
+ 6Fe
2+
= 2Cr
3+
+ 6Fe
3+
+ 7H
2
O

Biu thc tnh sc in ng ca pin l:












37. S dng thng tin di y:


Tnh sc in ng ca pin c phng trnh tng qut:



a. 3,33V b. 0,33V c. 1,33V d. 2,33V


38. Mt t bo in ha trng thi cn bng c sc in ng:

a. E = 0 b. E=1 c. E = + d. E = -

39.













Th.s Bi Thu Qunh (ch bin) Nguyn Hu Hiu Nguyn Th Phng Tho Nguyn Th Chinh
Ng Vn Tun Ng Quang Huy ng Thanh Huyn V Th Ngc Mai Th Thanh Thy

Bi tp ha l tp 3 81



















p n

1.d 7.a 13.d 19.d 25.d 32.d
2.d 8.b 14.d 20.b 26.b 33.a
3.a 9.a 15.d 21.b 27.c 34.a
4.d 10.b 16.c 22.b 28.c 35.a
5.b 11.b 17.b 23.c 29.a 36.b
6.b 12.d 18.d 24.d 30.a 37.a
31.a 38.a





MC LC

Chng 1: Dung dch in phn 1
A. L thuyt ch o 1
B. Bi tp 1
Chng 2: Nguyen t Ganvani 1
A. L thuyt ch o 1
B. Bi tp 1
Chng 3: in phn qu th 1
A. L thuyt ch o 1
B. Bi tp 1
Chng 4: Mt s bi tp trc nghim 1
Mc lc: 1
Ph lc 1
Ti liu tham kho 1
Th.s Bi Thu Qunh (ch bin) Nguyn Hu Hiu Nguyn Th Phng Tho Nguyn Th Chinh
Ng Vn Tun Ng Quang Huy ng Thanh Huyn V Th Ngc Mai Th Thanh Thy

Bi tp ha l tp 3 82

Ph lc
(Bng th in cc chun 25
o
C)






Th.s Bi Thu Qunh (ch bin) Nguyn Hu Hiu Nguyn Th Phng Tho Nguyn Th Chinh
Ng Vn Tun Ng Quang Huy ng Thanh Huyn V Th Ngc Mai Th Thanh Thy

Bi tp ha l tp 3 83






Th.s Bi Thu Qunh (ch bin) Nguyn Hu Hiu Nguyn Th Phng Tho Nguyn Th Chinh
Ng Vn Tun Ng Quang Huy ng Thanh Huyn V Th Ngc Mai Th Thanh Thy

Bi tp ha l tp 3 84





Th.s Bi Thu Qunh (ch bin) Nguyn Hu Hiu Nguyn Th Phng Tho Nguyn Th Chinh
Ng Vn Tun Ng Quang Huy ng Thanh Huyn V Th Ngc Mai Th Thanh Thy

Bi tp ha l tp 3 85




Th.s Bi Thu Qunh (ch bin) Nguyn Hu Hiu Nguyn Th Phng Tho Nguyn Th Chinh
Ng Vn Tun Ng Quang Huy ng Thanh Huyn V Th Ngc Mai Th Thanh Thy

Bi tp ha l tp 3 86





















Ti liu tham kho

1. Bi tp ha l: Nguyn Vn Du, Trn Hip Hi, Lm Ngc Thim, Nguyn Th
Thu, NXB Gio dc 2007
2. Gio trnh ha l - tp 3 (in ha hc - ng ha hc): Trn Hip Hi, Trn
Kim Thanh, NXB Gio dc 1985
3. Ha l tp 4: Nguyn Vn Tu, NXB Gio dc 1999
4. Phn ng in ha v ng dng: Trn Hip Hi, NXB gio dc 2003
5. Physical Chemistry-Understanding our Chemical World: Paul Monk -
Manchester Metropolitan University, UK. John Wiley & Sons Ltd, The Atrium, Southern
Gate, Chichester,West Sussex PO19 8SQ, England 2004.
6. A Working Method approach for introductory physical chemistry calculations -
Numerical and Graphical Problem Solving: Brian Murphy,Clair Murphy, Brian J.
Hathaway. Sales and Promotion Department The Royal Society of Chemistry Thomas
Graham House Science Park, Milton Road Cambridge CB4 4WF, UK

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