Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Trang 1
+1mol Mantoz thu phn hon ton sau ly dung dch thu c tin hnh phn
ng trng bc sinh 4 mol Ag
nmantz=0.1 mol
+Suy ra : mAg=108*(0.1*0.5*2 + 0.1*0.5*4)=32.4 gam
Cu 35: Cho cc cht sau : axetilen, axit fomic, fomanehit, phenyl fomat, glucz, anehit axetic, metyl axetat,
mantz, natri fomat, axeton. S cht c th tham gia phn ng trng gng l
A. 8
B. 7
C. 5
D. 6
p n B
Hng dn gii
Axetilen, metyl axetat, axeton khng tham gia phn ng trng gng
Cu 36: nhn bit ba l mt nhn: phenol, stiren, ancol benzylic, ngi ta dng mt thuc th duy nht l
A. Nc brom
B. Dung dch NaOH
C. Na
D. Ca(OH)2
p n A
Hng dn gii
+ Phenol + brom kt ta trng
+ Stiren + brom mt mu dung dch brom
+ Ancol benzylic + brom khng c hin tng
Cu 37: Hn hp kh X gm H2 v C2H4 c t khi so vi He l 3.75. Dn X qua Ni nung nng, thu c hn hp kh Y c t khi
so vi He l 5. Hiu sut ca phn ng hiro ho l
A. 40%
B. 50%
C. 25%
D. 20%
p n B
Hng dn gii
*Phng php thng thng (phng php ng cho+phng php 3 dng)
+Theo dX/He=3.75 nn:
nH 2
nC 2 H 4
4 * 3.75 28
= 1 nH 2 = nC 2 H 4 = x(mol )
4 * 3.75 2
H2
+
Ban u: x
Phn ng: x*H%
Cn li : x*(1-H%)
+ Mt khc: dY/He=5 nn:
C2H4
x
x*H%
x*(1-H%)
C2H6
x*H%
x*H%
x * (1 - H%) * 2 + x * (1 - H%) * 28 + x * H% * 30
= 5 * 4 H % = 50%
x * (2 - H%)
*Phng php kinh nghim (phng php BTKL+t chn lng cht)
+LBTKL: nX*4*3.75=nY*4*5 3nX=4nY Chn nX=4 mol v nY=3 mol
+S mol kh gim chnh l s mol H2 phn ng nH2 phn ng =1 mol
+S dng ng cho: nH2 ban u=nC2H4 ban u=2 mol
H%=
1
=50%
2
mengim
CH3COOH + H2O
xt ,t
+2CH3CHO +O2
2CH3COOH
+C2H5OH + O2
Cu 39: Cho dy cc cht: CH4, C2H2, C2H4, C2H5OH, CH2=CH-COOH, C6H5NH2(anilin), C6H5OH (phenol), C6H6(benzen),
CH3CHO. S cht trong dy phn ng c vi nc brom l
A. 5
B. 6
C. 7
D. 8
p n B
Hng dn gii
CH4, C2H5OH , C6H6(benzen) khng phn ng c vi nc brom
Cu 40: Ru X, anehit Y, axit cacboxylic Z c cng s nguyn t H trong phn t, thuc cc dy ng ng no n chc
mch h. t hon ton hn hp 3 cht ny (c s mol bng nhau) thu c t l mol CO2:H2O=11:12 . Vy cng thc phn t
ca X, Y, Z l:
A. CH4O, C2H4O, C2H4O2
B. C2H6O, C3H6O, C3H6O2
C. C3H8O, C4H8O, C4H8O2
D. C4H10O, C5H10O,
C5H10O2
p n C
Hng dn gii
Trang 2
12 * 2
=8
3 *1
Cu 42: Cho 13.8 gam axit A tc dng vi 16.8 gam KOH , c cn dung dch sau phn ng thu c 26.46 gam cht rn. cng
thc cu to thu gn ca A l
A. C3H6COOH
B. C2H5COOH
C. CH3COOH
D. HCOOH
p n C
Hng dn gii
*Phng php kinh nghim (phng php bo ton khi lng)
26.46
= 88.2 (l) nn KOH d
0.3
+mH2O= 13.8 + 16.8 26.46=4.14 gam nA=nH2O=4.14/18=0.23 mol
+nKOH=0.3 mol v
Suy ra MA=13.8/0.23=60
Cu 47: Cho 0.1 mol cht X ( CH6O3N2) tc dng vi dung dch cha 0.2 mol NaOH un nng thu c cht kh lm xanh giy
qu tm m v dung dch Y. C cn dung dch Y thu c m gam rn khan. Gi tr ca m l
A. 8.5
B. 12.5
C. 15
D. 21.8
p n B
Hng dn gii
+T gi thit suy ra cng thc cu to ca X l: CH3NH3NO3
+Rn gm : NaOH d(0.1 mol) v NaNO3 ( 0.1 mol)
m=0.1* 40 + 0.1 *85 =12.5 gam
Cu 49: Thy phn hon ton mt lng mantoz, sau cho ton b lng glucoz thu c ln men thnh ancol etylic th
thu c 100 ml ancol 460. Khi lng ring ca ancol l 0,8gam/ml. Hp th ton b kh CO2 vo dung dch NaOH d thu
c mui c khi lng l
A. 106 gam
B. 84.8 gam
C. 212 gam
D.169.6 gam
p n B
Hng dn gii
+S mol CO2: nCO2=nEtylic=46*0.8/46=0.8 mol mmui=mNa2CO3=106*0.8=84.8 gam
Cu 50: Hirat ho 3.36 lt C2H2 ( iu kin chun) thu c hn hp A ( hiu sut phn ng 60%) . Cho hn hp sn phm A
tc dng vi dung dch Ag2O/NH3 d thu c m gam cht rn. Gi tr ca m l
A. 19.44
B. 33.84
C. 14.4
D. 48.24
p n B
Hng dn gii
nC2H2=0.15 mol
+Hn hp A gm 0.09 mol CH3CHO v 0.06 mol C2H2 d
+Rn gm Ag v C2Ag2
m=108* 2*0.09 + 240* 0.06=33.84 gam
Cu 53: Cho 0.1 mol hn hp X gm hai anehit no, n chc, mch h, k tip nhau trong dy ng ng tc dng vi lng d
dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3, un nng thu c 32.4 gam Ag. Hai anehit trong X l
A. CH3CHO v C2H5CHO.
B. CH3CHO v C3H5CHO.
C. HCHO v CH3CHO.
D. HCHO v C2H5CHO.
p n C
Hng dn gii
nAg=0.3
+V nAg/nX=3 v X gm hai anehit no, n chc nn X phi cha HCHO mt khc l hai anehit k tip nhau trong dy
ng ng nn ch c p n C l ph hp
____________________________________________________________________
Trang 3