ghin cu qui trnh trng trt, thu hi v sn xut ch phm cha saponin t cy Bch tt l

Bch tt l (tn khoa hc l Tribulus terrestris L.) thuc loi cy thn tho, mc quanh nm hoc lng nin, phn b ri rc cc vng nhit i v cn nhit i. y l loi cy c tc dng dc l v c s dng trong y hc v sinh ho hc hin i nh tng cng th lc, kch thch tnh dc v khng khun ...

Cc saponin steroid l thnh phn ho hc chnh ca cy Bch tt l c cc nh khoa hc trn th gii nghin cu v cng b. Cc saponin ny l nhng dn xut a dng ca cc sapogenin nh : tigogenin, neotigogenin, gitogenin, neogitogenin, hecogenin, neohecogenin, diosgenin Cc saponin ny c tc dng lm tng sinh tng hp testosteron trong c th nam gii v do hm lng testosteron trong mu c nng cao ln 30 40% nn c th s ti tr, cng trng, tng sinh lc. Hin nay, nhiu sn phm thuc v thc phm chc nng c thnh phn l cao chit Bch tt l th Tribestan ca Bungarie, Libilov ca Singapore; Vit Nam c ch phm Tribulus, Uphaton, Ty sa, Dinta ... Nhn thc c xu th quay tr v vi cc dc phm c ngun gc thin nhin ang ngy cng pht trin trn th gii v ti Vit Nam, cc nh khoa hc Vin Cng ngh Ho hc, thuc Vin Khoa hc v Cng ngh Vit Nam nghin cu v chit xut Saponin t cy Bch tt l t cc

ch tiu lm thuc theo tiu chun GMP. y l kt qu ca ti Nghin cu qui trnh trng trt, thu hi v sn xut ch phm cha saponin t cy Bch tt l do PGS.TS. Nguyn Ngc Hnh lm ch nhim v Vin Cng ngh ho hc ch tr c thc hin trong hai nm 2008 2009. Trong khun kh ti, cc nh khoa hc Vin Cng ngh Ho hc nghin cu qui trnh trng trt, thu hoch, s ch v bo qun, theo di ng sinh thi tch ly saponin theo thi gian sinh trng khc nhau ca cy Bch tt l; phn lp v xc nh cu trc 11 cht tinh khit t cy Bch tt l theo phng php ph nghim hin i. Trn c s , cc nh nghin cu kho st qui trnh cng ngh chit xut, cc iu kin sy phun v xy dng tiu chun c s ca dc liu v bt sy phun vi cht bio-marker l Tribulosin, t xy dng qui trnh sn xut qui m pilot to ra cc ch phm t cy Bch tt l di dng bt sy phun . Cc nh khoa hc Vin Cng ngh Ho hc p dng quy trnh nghin cu v ng dng ni trn thun ha cy Bch tt l mc hoang, trng th nghim 1 ha cy Bch tt l ti Trung tm Nghin cu v Pht trin Dc liu min Trung v sn xut 70kg bt sy phun Bch tt l. Kt qu ca ti s lm c s cho vic ng dng vo cng nghip bo ch dc phm v xut khu sau ny, qua , cung cp c ngun nguyn liu n nh, cht lng r rng (Dc liu c trng theo tiu chun VIETGAP), ng thi gp phn cho s hnh thnh v pht trin cc vng trng trt dc liu tp trung, t tiu chun phc v cc nh my sn xut dc phm GMP cng nh gp phn vo s nghp hin i ha y hc c truyn ca nc ta. Ngun tin: Vin Cng ngh ho hc X l tin: Qunh Trang TM QUAN TRNG CA SAPONIN TRONG AO TM Hin nay, gi thc n cho cc loi tm nui ngy mt tng cao lm cho gi thnh mt k tm tng ln rt nhiu so vi trc kia. Do , vic cho tm n va v thc n i vi b con nui tm hin ti rt cn thit nhm gim bt chi ph trong ao nui v mt trong nhng nguyn nhn quan trng dn n hao ht thc n trong ao tm l do lng c tp trong ao. V th, chun b th nui mt v tm mi, b con cn dit sch cc loi c tp trong ao nui bng cch la chn loi thuc di?t c phi c cht lng cao dit c mt cch trit ngay t ban u, nhng khng lm nh hng n tm th nui sau ny v Saponin B Cp ca cng ty Sitto hin ang l s la chn hng u ca b con trong vic dit c tp. Saponin cn gi l saponoid l mt glycoside t nhin thng gp trong nhiu loi thc vt. Saponin cng c trong mt s ng vt nh hi sm, c sao. Theo ting Latinh sapo c ngha l x phng v thc t thng gp l t saponification c ngha l s x phng ha trong c

ting Anh v ting Php. Saponin c nhiu nht trong b ht tr, c chit xut t ht Camellia sp. Saponin c dng dit c tp trong cc ao nui tm, v n l cht c i vi c nhng khng gy tc hi trn cc loi gip xc (tm). Saponin c tc dng c ch h hp ca tt c cc loi ng vt di nc c mu (mu c nhn haemoglobin), c nm trong nhm ny. Tm cng nh cc loi gip xc khc c mu thuc nhm nhn haemocyanin (mu mu xanh da tri) nn khng b tc ng bi Saponin. Hin nay, ngi ta dng Saponin c khi chun b ao ln khi ang nui tm, v Saponin cn c mt s cc tc dng khc nh: - Kch thch tm lt v. - n nh mu nc, lm mu nc p. Tuy nhin, ngi nui cn ch nhng vn sau: - Saponin c th ly mt phn oxy trong nc ao, cn qut nc h tr vic tng cng lng oxy. - Tm nh cng c th b nh hng bi Saponin do b c ch tuyn v. - mn v th ca b tr cho cng dng dit c khc hn nhau, ht mn d ha tan trong nc hn, cho hm lng Saponin m c hn. - Mi loi c c sc chu ng Saponin khc nhau, v mn cng nh hng ln tc ng ca Saponin. Ngi nui lu ti mn ca nc ao nui v y l yu t quyt nh ti tnh cht ca saponin, khi mn ca nc ao nui cng ln th mc tc dng ca saponin cng ln, v vy khi dng nhng vng nui c mn thp, ngi nui tm cn lu s dng vi liu lng cao hn mc bnh thng t hiu qu tt nht. Lu : s dng saponin khi dng c th ngm nc trc khong 12h l tt nht v sau khi dng th tc dng thng chm, sau khong 3-4h mi bt u thy c cht. Cch s dng Saponin nh sau: - Ngm Saponin vo nc khong 12 - 24 gi. - Chit ly nc hoc ri c hn hp u vo ao. - Nn ri vo bui sng khi tri nng tt v m my qut nc. - Liu lng s dng dit c: + mn t 20 tr ln: 10 - 15kg/ 1.000 m3. + mn t 20 tr xung: 15 - 20kg/ 1.000 m3. - Kch thch tm lt v v gim pH: dng 5 - 10kg/ 1.000 m3. - Gy mu nc sau khi s dng Wanway dit gip xc 3 ngy: 10 kg Saponin + 10 kg cm go mn + 2 kg ng trong 24 gi, ri em ri u cho 1.000m2 ao. Hin nay, trn th trng c nhiu loi Saponin khc nhau, cng c tc dng dit c c, nhng khng phi l b tr 100%. Do li nhun nn sn phm Saponin ca mt s cng ty c gi cnh tranh thng c hm lng Saponin rt thp hay khng c v thay vo l mt s cht c c tnh rt mnh vi ng vt thu sn (cht ny lm cho c cht nhanh v tn lu lu trong ao nui, khin ao kh gy mu...cht ny thng l cht b cm) ngi nui khi mua saponin cn la chn nhng i l

ca cng ty Sitto c uy tn, trnh mua nhm hng nhi, hng gi. Chc b con v nui thng li! Ks. on Th Ngc Kiu
http://sittovietnam.com/?id_pnewsv=685&lg=vn&start=0_

y Ngu tt (Achyranthes bidentata) , cn gi l cy C xc, Hoi ngu tt, twotooth Achyranthes: S dng cnh l v r phi kh A. M t cy: Cy tho sng nhiu nm, cao 60-110cm. R c hnh tr di. Thn c 4 cnh, phnh ln cc t. L mc i, hnh tri xoan bu dc c 15x5cm, nhn hai u, mp ln sng, c lng tha hay khng lng; gn ph 5-7 cp; cung ngn 1-3cm. Cm hoa hnh bng mc ngn thn hoc u cnh; hoa nch nhng l bc. Qu b hnh bu dc, cha mt ht hnh tr. Hoa thng 5-9, qu thng 10-11.

R gm 1 hoc 2, hoc 3 r ci, chung quanh c r con. R ci nc, lc u hi gin, mu trng ng, sau khi ch bin c mu hi hng, trong v mm do.

B. Phn b, thu hi v ch bin: Cy nhp, trng c c ni cao ln ng bng. Thu hi vo ma ng xun, phi ti ri n khi nhn da (6-7 ngy), xng dim sinh, sy kh. Dng sng hoc tm ru sao. min ni thng trng vo thng 2 v thng 3, ng bng thng trng vo thng 10 v thng 11 (cui thu u ng). Thi gian thu hoch min ni vo cui nm t cui thng 10 n thng 12, ng bng vo thng 4 n thng 5 nm sau. Khi cy xut hin nhiu l vng, gc l dng dn, o th thy r mp, di 20 30 cm l c th thu hoch. Trc ht ct b phn l, thu gn vo mt ch. Dng thung hoc x beng o su by t ln r khi b t. R sch t r, em v ra sch phi ro nc. Ct b r con, xng lu hunh t mt n 2 m. Phi m can hay nng nh, khng nn phi nng to nn sn gch, phi nh th s lm c xc b kh xc. Phi xong phn loi to nh, di ngn ri b thnh tng b bng lt, mi b t 0,5 n 1 kg ty theo yu cu ca khch hng. Trng hp nu thu hoch gp ma th treo cao, nu ma di ngy th sy bng l ci. C. Thnh phn ha hc: Thnh phn trong c xc ch yu l nc protide, glucide x tro cha acide oleanolic. Ht c cha hentriacontane v saponin Trong r cy ngu tt, ngi ta chit xut ra mt cht saponin, khi thy phn cho axit oleanic v galactoza, rhamnoza, glucoza. Ngoi ra cn c ecdysteron, inokosteron v mui kali.

D. Tc dng dc l: Dng sng: tr c hng sng au, ung nht, chn thng t mu, b kinh, khng ra nhau thai, huyt, tiu tin ra mu, vim khp. Tm ru: tr au lng, mi gi, chn tay co qup, t bi. Chit xut Saponin lm thuc h cholesterol mu. E. Cng dng, liu dng:

Theo ng y, Ngu tt c v chua, hi ng, tnh bnh khng c, vo 2 kinh can v thn, c tc dng lm tan mu , bt sng ty, au nhc, chng co rt, rung git, lm mnh gn ct. Sau y l 4 bi thuc ca c Lng y L Trn c c th nghim, c hiu qu tt. 1. Ngu tt dng c v ngy 40 - 60g sc ung nhiu ln chng co git, bi lit, phong thp teo c, x va mch mu. 2. Ru thuc: Ngu tt 100g, Huyt gic 50g, Sm i hnh 30g. Ngm trong ru 30 - 400. T 10 ngy tr ln, mi ngy ung 1 - 2 ln, mi ln 1 chn (10 - 15ml). Cha cc chng b thng mu t ngoi, hoc b ng mu trong hoc i xa v chn tay nhc mi. 3. Thang an thn: Ngu tt 30g, Ht mung sao 20g. Sc ung mi ngy 1 thang, cha cc chng bc nng, nhc u, chng mt, au mt, tai, mt tng huyt p cao, ri lon tin nh, kh ng, au nhc dy thn kinh, rt gn, co git, to bn. 4. Thang tit niu: Ngu tt 30g; R c tranh, M , Mc thng, Huyt d, l Mng tay, Huyt sm u 15g sc ung. Cha cc chng vim cu thn cp, ph thng, i , i sn, vim gan vi rt, i vng thm, da vng, vim bng quang, i ra mu.

Bi thuc: 1. Cha b thng t mu ngoi hay b ng mu trong, hoc sau mi khi i xa hay lao ng chn tay nhc mi: Ngu tt 100g, Huyt gic 50g, Sm i hnh 30g ngm vi 800ml ru 35o-40o, thng lc, sau 10 ngy dng ung mi ln 15ml, ngy ung hai ln. 2. Cha bc nng nhc u, chng mt, au mt, tai, mt m, huyt p cao, ri lon tin nh, kh ng, au nhc dy thn kinh, rt gn, co git, to bn: Ngu tt 30g, ht Mung sao 20g, sc ung, mi ngy mt thang.
http://thuocnam.vn/cay-nguu-tat.html LINH: https://sites.google.com/site/raurungvietnam/rau-than-go-nho/cay-dieu-nhuom http://www.duoclieu.org/2012/10/san-xuat-alkaloid-cua-thuoc-phien.html http://www.dostquangtri.gov.vn/chuyenmuc/NT-MN/include/Index.asp?option=6&ID=67&IDhoi=2709

Nghin cu kh nng chit tch saponin t mt s loi trong chi Acacia cc tnh pha Bc Vit Nam
Cp nht ngy 16/2/2009 lc 4:24:00 PM. S lt c: 2292.

Chi Keo (Acacia) Vit Nam l mt chi tng i ln. Hin nay, c 25 loi thuc chi ny, va mc t nhin va c nhp trng vi nhiu mc ch khc nhau nh: ly g, lm bt giy, lm cnh, ph xanh t trng i ni trc, lm ai cy chn gi, ly bng mt [2]. Ngoi ra, ghi nhn 8 loi c dng lm thuc v 2 loi c kh nng duc c. Hai loi dng lm duc c l Keo tuyn to (Acacia megaladena Desv. var. indochinensis I. Nielsen) v Sng rn (A. pennata (L.) Willd.), c hai loi ny u c v cy c i vi c M u Chi Keo (Acacia) Vit Nam l mt chi tng i ln. Hin nay, c 25 loi thuc chi ny, va mc t nhin va c nhp trng vi nhiu mc ch khc nhau nh: ly g, lm bt giy, lm cnh, ph xanh t trng i ni trc, lm ai cy chn gi, ly bng mt [2]. Ngoi ra, ghi nhn 8 loi c dng lm thuc v 2 loi c kh nng duc c. Hai loi dng lm duc c l Keo tuyn to (Acacia megaladena Desv. var. indochinensis I. Nielsen) v Sng rn (A. pennata (L.) Willd.), c hai loi ny u c v cy c i vi c [1, 3, 6]. Cc kt qu th nghim kh nng dit c tp ca dch chit t cy Sng rn (Acacia pennata (L.) willd. Subsp. hainanensis (Hayata) I. Nielsen.) c cng b ti 2 thng bo trc [4, 5]. tng kh nng ng dng trong thc t ca dch chit Sng rn, chng ti tin hnh nghin cu chit tch saponin bng cc phng php khc nhau. Trong bi bo ny chng ti s cp ti kh nng chit tch saponin t mt s loi trong chi Acacia mt s tnh pha Bc nc ta.

Acacia penata, nh theo farm2.static.flickr.com Nguyn liu v phng php nghin cu Nguyn liu i tng nghin cu ca chng ti l cy Sng rn (Acacia pennata (L.) Willd. subsp. hainanensis (Hayata) I. Nielsen) v cy Keo vit (Acacia vietnamensis I. Nielsen) c cc dn tc Mng, Dao, Thi ti Sn La, Ty H Giang v H'mng Lo Cai s dng duc c. Phng php nghin cu - iu tra kinh nghim s dng cy c ca cc dn tc thiu s theo phng php phng vn su c s tham gia ca cng ng (phng php PRA) [7]. - nh lng saponin ton phn theo phng php cn [8]. - Chit xut v nh tnh thnh phn saponin bng phng php sc k lp mng (SKLM) s dng trong nghin cu ho hc cy thuc [9]. Kt qu v tho lun Sinh hc

- Trong nm 2004 chng ti tin hnh iu tra v thu mu Sng rn ti Ching Yn, Mc Chu- Sn La; Ching Mai, Mai Sn- Sn La; N t- Sn La; V Xuyn- H Giang; Sa Pa- Lo Cai. Acacia pennata (L.) Willd. subsp. hainanensis (Hayata) I. Nielsen- Dy leo g, cnh non ph lng mn hoc khng lng; gai nhiu nh, cong xung. L kp lng chim chn hai ln, cung l mang tuyn gc; l cht bc hai 9-18 i, hnh di c khi hi hnh li hi, di 4- 7mm, rng 0,91,5mm; Cm hoa ph lng tuyn, hoa mu trng; Qu u thun, di 10- 13,5 cm, rng 1,53,1cm. Cy sng rn thng mc ven ng hay ven sui ni m t cao 800- 1200m. Acacia vietnamensis I. Nielsen- Tiu mc leo, nhnh non c lng nn, c lng tit, gai. L c cung 4-5 cm, 1 tuyn gn y, th dip 10-12 cp, di 4-6 cm; tam dip 16- 40, di n 1 cm, khng lng mt trn, mt di gn ph li thnh mng. Chm 12 cm, mang hoa u nhm 1-2, hoa mu vng. Theo ti liu th Keo vit phn b Ninh Thun, ng Nai, Bnh Dng, Thun Hi, Sng B v mc ri rc ven rng, cc ch trng trong rng th sinh, cao ti 400 m [6, 10]. Chng ti gp cy ny mc t nhin ven ng thn Ph l, x Ching Yn, Mc Chu- Sn La. So vi Sng rn th Keo vit c vng phn b hp hn. Ho hc Kho st hm lng saponin trong mt s loi thuc chi Acacia Vi mc ch nghin cu s bin ng ca hm lng saponin trong mt s loi thuc chi Acacia chng ti xc nh hm lng saponin ton phn bng phng php cn. Cc kt qu ny c trnh by ti bng 1. Bng1. Hm lng saponin ton phn trong v thn ca mt s loi thuc chi Acacia
Tn ph thng Sng rn Tn khoa hc Acacia pennata (L.) Willd.subsp. hainanensis (Hayata) I. Nielsen - nt - nt - nt - nt - nt - nt Acacia vietnamensis I. Nielsen a im thu mu N Bai, Ching Yn, Mc Chu- Sn La - nt Ph L, Ching Yn, Mc Chu- Sn La N t, Sn La Ching Mai, Mai SnSn La V Xuyn, H Giang Sa Pa, Lo Cai Ph L, Ching Yn, Mc Chu- Sn La HL saponin TP (%)* 2,76

Sng rn Sng rn Sng rn Sng rn Sng rn Sng rn Keo vit

3,15 2,16 3,12 3,18 1,60 0,80 0,49

* Hm lng saponin ton phn so vi trng lng mu kh tuyt i Nhn vo bng 1 ta thy hm lng saponin ton phn trong v thn ca cc mu Sng rn thu cc x khc nhau ca tnh Sn La c gi tr tng i cao v bin i t 2,16- 3,18 %. So vi cc mu ca loi Sng rn, th Keo vit c hm lng saponin thp hn hn (0,49%). Trong ti liu khng thy nu tc dng duc c ca cy ny. Chng ti tin hnh th nghim trong phng th nghim v khng nh kh nng dit c ca Keo vit. Tuy nhin, do hm lng saponin trong v thn cy Keo vit thp, v vy nu dng v thn ca cy ny dit c th thi gian lm cho c cht s lu hn. Nghin cu chit tch saponin Vi mc ch tm phng php (PP.) chit tch saponin thch hp nht, chng ti s dng 3 phng php chit saponin khc nhau. Vic la chn phng php chit ti u c da trn mt s ch tiu sau: - Hiu sut chit; - Hm lng v thnh phn saponin trong ch phm; - tinh kit ca ch phm phc v cho mc ch ny chng ti chn mu Sng rn thu ti N Bai, Ching Yn, Mc Chu- Sn la c hm lng saponin ton phn tng i cao (2,76%). Quy trnh chit tch saponin c tin hnh theo s 1. Kt qu kho st phng php chit saponin t v thn cy Sng rn c trnh by ti bng 2. Bng 2. Kt qu kho st phng php chit saponin ton phn t v thn Sng rn
Phng php chit Phng php 1 Phng php 2 Phng php 3 Hiu sut chit (%)* 19,5 19,4 21,7 Hm lng saponin TP (%) 6,98 9,56 11,52 M t ch phm Mu nu bng, bt kh mn Mu nu nht, bt kh khng mn Mu nu bng, bt ti kh

* Hiu sut chit biu th s gam ch phm chit c t 100g v thn kh tuyt i Nhn vo bng 2 ta thy dng PP. 2 chit saponin t v thn Sng rn cho ch phm bt th c hm lng saponin cao hn l dng PP. 1. iu ny cng d hiu v saponin l cc cht phn cc mnh nn rt tan trong nc. Ch phm bt kh chit theo phng php 3 cho hm lng saponin cao nht l 11,52%, gp hn 4 ln so vi hm lng saponin ban u trong v thn Sng rn (2,76%). Da trn cc kt qu kho st phng php chit saponin t v thn Sng rn, bc u chng ti c vi nhn xt s b sau: PP. 3 cho - hiu sut cao nht;- cho hm lng v thnh phn saponin trong ch phm cao nht; - Ch phm l bt ti kh c th s dng cho thng phm.

 kim tra tinh khit ca ch phm chng ti tin hnh nh tnh thnh phn saponin trong cc ch phm thu c t 3 phng php ni trn bng phng php SKLM. Kt qu c ghi nhn hnh nh sc k SKLM (hnh 1).

Hnh1. Sc k nh tnh saponin Sng rn (phng php SKLM) 1. Ch phm bt th (chit saponin theo PP. 1) 2. Ch phm bt th (chit saponin theo PP. 2) 3. Ch phm bt th (chit saponin theo PP. 3) H dung mi: nButanol: Ethanol: Amoniac: Nc (7: 2: 3: 2) Thuc th: Vanilin/ac

id phosphori c

Nhn vo hnh 1 chng ti c mt s nhn xt s b sau: - PP. 1: cho ch phm sch hn nhng khng th hin y thnh phn saponin - PP. 2: cho ch phm c thnh phn saponin y hn nhng li ko theo nhiu tp cht khc - PP. 3: Cho thnh phn saponin ging PP. chit 2 v c t tp cht hn T nhng kt qu thu c trong qu trnh kho st phng php chit saponin t v thn Sng rn, bc u chng ti cho rng PP. 3 l PP. ti u nht v PP.3 cho hiu sut chit cao nht, hm lng saponin cao nht, ch phm c thnh phn saponin v tng i sch, ch phm c th s dng lm thng phm. PP.3 c th lm giu hm lng saponin trong ch phn cao, tng thn trin vng ng dng ca ch phm dit c tp trong cc m nui tm v gim bt mc gy nhim mi trng. Tuy nhin, trong tng lai tng thm kh nng ng dng ngoi thc t ca ch phm chng ti s tip tc nghin cu kh nng chit tch ch phm saponin tinh kit t v thn cy Sng rn. Kt lun T nhng kt qu nu trn chng ti c mt s kt lun sau: 1. Hm lng saponin ton phn trong v thn ca cc mu Sng rn thu cc x khc nhau ca tnh Sn La c gi tr tng i cao v bin i t 2,16- 3,18 %. Hm lng saponin ton phn trong v thn Keo vit thp (0,49%). 2. Sng rn thng gp cc tnh pha Bc Vit Nam hn l Keo vit. Ln u tin gp Keo vit pha Bc Vit Nam (Mc Chu- Sn La). 3. Phng php chit 3 l PP. thch hp nht v PP.3 cho hiu sut chit cao nht (21,7%), hm lng saponin cao nht (11,52%), ch phm c thnh phn saponin v c t tp cht nht, ch phm l bt ti kh c th s dng lm thng phm. 4. Phng php 3 lm giu hm lng saponin trong sn phn, tng thn trin vng ng dng ca ch phm dit c tp trong cc m nui tm v gim bt mc gy nhim mi trng. Ti liu tham kho 1. V Vn Chi, Trn Hp, 2002. Cy c c ch Vit Nam, T.2, nxb. Gio dc, Tp. HCM, 487498. 2. Huy Bch, ng Quang Chung, Bi Xun Chng, Nguyn Thng Dong, Trung m, Phm Vn Hin, V Ngc L, Phm Duy Mai, Phm Kim Mn et al. 2004. Cy thuc v ng vt lm thuc Vit Nam, tp I. Nxb KH&KT H Ni. 1053-1054. 3. V Vn Chi, 1997. T in cy thuc Vit Nam. Nxb. Y hc, Tp. HCM. 606-609 4. Nguyn Th Phng Tho, Trng Anh Th, Bi Vn Thanh, H Tun Anh. 2003. Nghin cu ng dng cy c lm duc c ca cng ng cc dn tc thiu s pha Bc Vit Nam.

Nhng vn nghin cu c bn trong khoa hc s sng. Bo co khoa hc, hi ngh ton quc ln th 2, Hu, 25-26/7/2003. Nxb KH&KT, H Ni. 746-749. 5. Nguyn Th Phng Tho, Bi Vn Thanh, Nguyn Kim Bch, 2004. Nghin cu kh nng s dng cy Sng rn (Acacia pennata (L.) willd. Subsp. hainanensis (Hayata) I. Nielsen.) loi c tp trong cc m nui tm. Nhng vn nghin cu c bn trong khoa hc s sng. Bo co khoa hc, hi ngh ton quc 2004. Thi Nguyn, 23/9/2004. Nxb KH&KT, H Ni. 643-646. 6. Trung tm Nghin cu Ti nguyn & Mi trng, Vin Sinh thi & Ti nguyn sinh vt, 2003. Danh lc cc loi thc vt Vit Nam. T. 2. Nxb NN, H Ni, 704-709. 7. Gary J. Martin, 2002. Thc vt dn tc hc. Nxb NN, H Ni, 4-74. 8. Bi ging dc liu, 1998, T.1, B Y t & B GDT, H Ni, 140-141. 9. Nguyn Vn n, Nguyn Vit Tu, 1985. Phng php nguyn cu ho hc cy thuc. Nxb. Y hc, Tp. HCM. 326-347. 10. Phm Hong H, 1999. Cy c Vit Nam, Q. 1. Nxb Tr, 825. Ngi thm nh: PGS. TS. Lu m C Nguyn Th Phng Tho, Bi Vn Thanh Vin Sinh thi & Ti nguyn Sinh vt Nguyn Kim Bch Vin Dc Liu
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Cn c tn l cy c xc, hoi ngu tt. Tn khoa hc Achyranthes bidentata Blume. Thuc h Gin Amaranthaceae Ta dng r phi hay sy kh - Radix Achyrathis bidentatae ca cy ngu tt. Sch c ni : v thuc ging u gi con tru nn gi l ngu tt (ngu l tru, tt l u gi). A. M t cy Cy ngu tt l mt loi c xc cho nn ngi ta nhm vi cy c xc Achyranthes aspera L. C c thn mnh, hi vung, thng ch cao 1m, cng c khi ti 2m. L mc i c cung, di 5-12, rng 2-4cm, phin l hnh trng, u nhn, mp nguyn. Cm hoa mc thnh bng u cnh hoc k l. B. Phn b, thu hi v ch bin Hin ta ang trng ging ngu tt di thc thc ca Trung Quc c r to hn cy c xc mc hoang khp ni trong nc ta. C th tm loi c xc nc ta dng lm ngu tt c. R o v ra sch, phi hoc sy kh. C. Thnh phn ha hc Trong r ngu tt ngi ta chit xut ra mt cht saponin, khi thy phn s cho axit cloanic C30H48O3 v galactoza, rhamnoza, glucoza. Ngoi ra cn c ecdyteron, inokoteron v mui kali. D. Tc dng dc l Trng Diu c, Trng Pht S v Lu Thiu Quang (1935, Trung Hoa y hc tp ch) dng cao lng ngu tt tin hnh 90 th nghim trn t cung c lp ca th, chut bch, mo v ch (c cha hoc khng c cha) i ti kt lun sau y : 1. Cao lng ngu tt c tc dng lm du sc cng ca t cung chut bch (c cha hay khng c cha cng vy). 2. i vi t cung ca th c cha hay khng, u pht sinh tc dng co bp. 3. Cao lng ngu tt c tc dng lm du t cung ca mo khng c cha nhng i vi t cung ca mo c cha li c tc dng co bp mnh hn. 4. i vi t cung ca ch c cha hay khng c cha, cao lng ngu tt khi th gy co bp, khi th gy du, tc dng khng nht nh, hoc lc u gy co bp v sau c tc dng du.

5. Tc dng ca lao lng ngu tt c l do tc dng trc tip kch thch dy thn kinh pha di bng. - Theo Kinh li Bn, Vin nghin cu quc lp Bc Kinh, S nghin cu sinh l hc (1937) th ngu tt c tc dng nh sau : 1. i vi ng vt gy m, ngu tt c th gy gim huyt p tm thi, sau vi pht tr li bnh thng nhng sau li hi tng. 2. Ngu tt c tc dng lm yu sc co bp ca tim ch. 3. Ngu tt c tc dng lm c ch s co bp ca khc t trng. 4. Ngu tt hi c tc dng lm li tiu. 5. Liu cao, ngu tt c tc dng kch thch s vn ng ca t cung Cht saponin ca ngu tt c tc dng lm km hm s pht trin ca mt s su b. on th Nhu pht hin ngu tt c tc dng h cholesterol trong mu v tc dng h huyt p. E. Cng dng v liu dng Tnh v theo ng y : v chua, ng, bnh, khng c, vo hai kinh can v thn. C tc dng ph huyt, hnh (sng), b can thn, mnh gn ct (ch bin chn). Trong nhn dn, ngu tt c dng trong bnh vim khp, au bng, kinh nguyt kh khn. Ngy dng 3-9g, di dng thuc sc. Ngi c thai khng c dng Vin ngu tt (0,25 cao kh) hoc thuc ng (4g ngu tt kh/ng) cha bnh cholesterol mu cao, huyt p cao, va x ng mch. Ngy ung hai ln, mi ln 5 vin hoc mt ng sau ba n. Dng lin 1-2 thng li ngh. Ch thch : Hng cn tho l mt loi ngu tt c thn l v r cng loi achyranthes bidentata blume. Ta cn dng loi c xc cng gi l ngu tt achyranthes aspera L. cng mt cng dng Nn ch nghin cu thm

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A. M t cy: L ca ch di t 415 cm v rng khong 25 cm. L ti cha khong 4% caffein. L non c sc xanh lc nht c thu hoch sn xut ch. thi on , mt di l c lng t ngn mu trng. L gi th chuyn sang mu lc sm. Thng thng, ch c l chi v 2 n 3 l mi mc gn thi gian c thu hoch ch bin. Vic thu hoch th cng bng tay din ra u n mi 1 n 2 tun. B. Thnh phn ha hc: Thnh phn ha hc ca ch ch yu l tanin chim 10-20%, cafeine 1-6%. Ngoi ra cn cha theophyline, theobsonine v xanthine. Trong tanin ca ch thnh phn ch yu l gallorfl, epigalocatahol, galloy - L - epiecitecline v L - epicatechol. tn ti cafeine kt hp vi tanin. Hm lng cafein cao l ch non. Khi ch ln men th hm lng cafein li cng tng cao hn. Hng thm ca ch chnh l lng tinh du thm c ch 0,6%. Khi sao kh ch cn li 0,006%. Tinh du thm ca ch l cht volatile oils. Trong ch cn cha cc cht nh triterpenoid, saporin, cagenin - triterpenoid v saponin c Theasapogenol E v theafolisaponin - hm lng vitamin C c khong 130-180mg%, mt lng nh caroten, flavolnoid, flavolnoid querutin v kaemplerol. Nhng cht ny kt hp vi flavolnoid v acid gallic to thnh mt s este...

C. Cng dng: Theo ng y ch v ng, ngt, hi chua, hn, khng c, tc dng vo gan, lch, phi, thn. Nh cc thnh phn ha hc c trong ch m n c nhiu tc dng phng v cha bnh. Chng hn cht cafeine tc dng ln h thn kinh trung khu gy hng phn tinh thn, t duy hot bt. C kh nng hi phc sc khe nhanh sau khi lao ng mt mi ch cn ung mt cc nc ch ng pha thm cht sa. Cafeine lm tng cng co bp c vn, lm hn ch hp th canxi rut, lm c ch ti hp thu ca ng nh thn gy li niu. Lm tng cng s phn tit trong d dy v vy khi mc bnh ng tiu ha khng nn ung nhiu nc ch. Cafeine cng vi theophyline trc tip gy hng phn tm trng, kch thch mao mch lm hng phn trung khu vn ng huyt qun. Cht theophyline ca ch cn lm nho c trn v th dng cha chng au gan v h hp hn hn. Nhng khi dng nhiu ch li gy mt ng, lm tim p mnh, au u, tai hoa mt... nn khng dng qu nhiu ch trong ngy. Nc ch cn tc dng c ch km hm s pht trin ca vi khun khng khun, c bit i vi l trc trng nh cht tanin c trong nc ch. Nc ch xanh c hiu nghim hn ch kh. Ngoi ra cn thy ch c tc dng lm gim huyt p, tr bnh hoi huyt v phong thp nng. Lm mau lnh cc vt thng, l lot... Nc ch c kh nng phng chng ung th nh cc cht nh theophyline, cafeine, Theobronine c trong ch xanh, ch kh nn kch thch t bo c th sinh sn ra Interferon trong mu. Chnh cht ny c ch s pht trin v phn chia ca cc t bo ung th. V vy hng ngy ung 10 chn nc ch tr ln th c kh nng phng chng ung th. Do c th s dng nc ch ung rng ri trong cc nh my x nghip c hi d phng ung th v thi c. Gn y, Fujiki cng nhiu nh khoa hc Nht Bn, cc nh khoa hc thuc Vin hn lm Hong gia Anh cng b nc ch xanh ngn chn s pht trin cc loi ung th gan, ung th d dy v ch c cht gallat epigallocatecline l hp cht chnh chng ung th. Ht ch cng cha saponin, khi thy phn saponin c cht thasapogenin A, B, C v camellia sapogenol C, A, camelliasapogenol II cng t ha hp cht flavonol, mm ca ht ch cha theanin. Ht ch v ng, hn, c t c. Theo sch "Cy thuc Trung Quc" dng lm thuc cha cho ngi hen suyn kh th, ch dng ht tt mi thu

hoch trong nm. Dng ht ch cng cy bch hp 2 th bng nhau, nghin nh trn u lm thnh vin hon ung vi nc si ngui ngy 2 ln mi ln chng 23gam. Cha tr ho c m, th hn hn, th gp dng ht rang ln xay nghin nh trn vi bt np ri ung vi nc chn. R ch c stachyos, raffinose, saccharose, glucose, fructose v mt lng nh hp cht phenol, cng theo sch "Cy thuc Trung Quc" dng cha l lot ming: Dng r 50-100gam ra sch sao ln ri nu k ly nc ung trong ngy. D. Bi thuc: Cha vy nn: R 50-100gam ct ngn tng on 3-5cm cho vo sc c ly nc ra ngoi, ngy ung 3-4 ln lc i. Cha bnh au tim: thnh thong thy nhi vng tim, nhp tim khng u ly r cy ch gi vi r cy me rng mi th 50g, r cy thin tho 12-15g c ba cho vo sc ung. Ung mi tun 6 ngy dng lin tc 4 tun. Qu trnh ung s thy i tiu tng lng, n ng tt, cn au du dn, nhp tim n nh. Ngoi ra cn cha tr nhiu bnh khc, nhiu bi vit cp n nn xin khng nhc li. Vy cy ch li tr thnh dc liu qu gip con ngi cha c nhiu bnh. nc ta ch sn v d kim d tm. Mong rng mi ngi s dng tt trong ngy h mt cch hp l v khoa hc. (Ngun ykhoa.net)
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Cy x en

m t
Cy x en c tn khoa hc l Celastrus hindsii Benth.et Hook. Trong x en c cha cc cht: Fanavolnoid (cht chng oxy ha c tc dng phng chng ung th); Saponin Triterbenoid (c tc dng chng nhim khun); Quinon (c tc dng lm cho t bo ung th ha lng d tiu). Cy x en c tc dng phng chng trong iu tr ung th, hn ch pht trin ca cc khi u; tiu vim gii c, mt gan; n ng tt, tng cng sc khng ca c th.

Tc dng:
Phng chng iu tr ung th, hn ch pht trin ca cc khi u, tiu vim gii c mt gan, n ng tt, tng cng sc khng ca c th, vim lot d dy t trng, ung th d dy mi pht hin, vim gan mn tnh, x gan n thun, ung th gan giai on u, sau m si ti mt, vim i trng mn tnh, ri lon tiu ha, n chm tiu, to bn Trong ti liu nghin cu ca Vin Qun y 103 cng nhn tc dng cha tr bnh ca cy x en l lm hn ch s pht trin ca cc khi u trong c th ngi bnh. Qua nghin cu v thc vt hc, ho dc, dc l, nghin cu thc nghim trn ng vt c gy ung th (theo ti cp B v x en do GS L Th Trung lm ch nhim), cc bc s pht hin loi cy ny tc dng hn ch s pht trin ca khi u c tnh. Hn na, hp cht ly t x en nu c kt hp vi cht Phylamin (ly t mt loi tho dc ng bng) cn pht huy tc dng, ko di tui th trung bnh ca ng vt b ung th hn nhiu cht qua nghin cu thc nghim nh trinh n hong cung. Liu lng v cch dng: Ly khong 100g x en ra sch cho vo m un si khong 10 - 15 pht cht ly nc ung hng ngy. Nh vy, c th ung lu di x en nu mc cc bnh m x en c kh nng cha tr nh mn nht, ung thng, l nga, ung th... cn nu khng mc cc bnh trn hoc ngi bnh thng khng nn ung x en lm g, mc d n khng c c t.

Liu lng:
Ly100 gam x en ra tht sch cho vo siu t c 800 ml nc lc v trng un si trn 30 pht, gn ly nc ung trong ngy, thay nc ung khc. Dng khi no nc sc trong nht mu th thay m khc. Nc x en, nu trong t lnh ung cng thm, ngon rt d ung. Qua mt thi gian theo di hng dn cho cc bnh nhn c nhm bnh ni trn ung cy x en u thy c tc dng tt. Nhng vi kinh nghim ca chng ti, s dng mt loi thuc nam dc no cng ty thuc vo c a ca mi bnh nhn, khng phi bnh nhn no cng ung t kt qa nh nhau. c bit, t nm 2003 n nay, qua nhiu ng dng trong lm sng, cy x en cha c mt tc dng ph no.

Khoa hc cng nhn bi thuc cy x en

Nhiu chc nm trc, cy x en (hay x en cung, ting Mng gi l X ci) tng c lng y dn tc Mng Bi Th Bn (bnh nhn thng gi l m Hu, huyn Kim Bi, Ho Bnh) t tn l cy ung th, chuyn dng cha cc loi u khi. Bi thuc cy x en, d sau c m tng cho Hi ng y tnh Ho Bnh, vn t ngi bit n. Ch k t nm 1987, khi c on bc s Hc vin Qun y (do GS.TSKH L Th Trung - Ch tch Hi Ung th TP.H Ni dn u) pht hin trong chuyn su tm cc bi thuc qu trong dn gian, cy x en mi bt u thu ht s ch ca gii khoa hc v c a v c s ny nghin cu. Qua nghin cu v thc vt hc, ho dc, dc l, nghin cu thc nghim trn ng vt c gy ung th (theo ti cp B v x en do GS. L Th Trung lm ch nhim), cc bc s pht hin loi cy ny tc dng hn ch s pht trin ca khi u c tnh. Hn na, theo GS. Trung, hp cht ly t x en nu c kt hp vi cht Phylamin (ly t mt loi tho dc ng bng) cn pht huy tc dng, ko di tui th trung bnh ca ng vt b ung th hn nhiu cht qua nghin cu thc nghim nh Trinh n hong cung hay ti Thi Lan. n cui nm 1999, ti ca cc bc s Hc vin Qun y c nghim thu, cy x en chnh thc c cng nhn l mt trong khng nhiu nhng v thuc nam c tc dng iu tr h tr bnh nhn ung th. Cui nm 2002, ngi bnh mi bit n loi cy ny qua cu chuyn ca GS. Trung trong Chng trnh Ngi ng thi (VTV3) v tm v phng khm ng y ni con gi m Hu - lng y inh Th Phin lm vic ngy mt ng.

Cn thn vi x en rm
T khi c nhiu ngi bit n, x en tr thnh i tng chnh ca dn sn dc liu. T u nm Qu Mi, x en khan him hn, gi th trng tng t 50.000 ng ln 150.000200.000 ng/kg kh. Phng khm ca lng y inh Th Phin tr thnh ni tip khng ch bnh nhn v ngi nh; dn bun dc liu thi thong cng gh qua xin b xem gip nhng th

cy nht cht trong cc bao ca h c ng l loi cy qu. Lng y inh Th Phin cho bit, c n 3/4 s cy b c hi khng phi l x en; phn ln l cy thu b (hoc thch xng b, nu mc trn ). Nhng loi cy ny cng c l xanh v cht gn ging l ch nhng khng ln hoc sm bng x en. c bit, khng chuyn mu en mc ngay sau khi b bm nh nh loi dc tho qu ny. B Phin d on, nhng th x en gi ni trn s c ti v cc kho thuc ng y v ct cho bnh nhn nhiu tnh. Cn nh b lng y ni nghip tr bnh, cu ngi ca Hi Thng Ln ng L Hu Trc v ngi m qu c, cy x en s mi l tht, d ngi ta c nhao nhc i tm ca gi thay th v nguyn liu thuc c tng gi n u. ngi bnh ung th cn ch t l mt trong mi phng c sng v sng cht lng nht trong kh nng c th.
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