Ba xu hng pht trin ca dch v ngn hng

Th nm, 27 Thng 5 2010 17:47 Phm Tho

Khng nghi ng g na, chng ta thy dch v ngn hng nc ta ang pht trin ht sc nhanh chng, em li tin ch cho ngi dn, thc y chu chuyn vn trong x hi v thc y nn kinh t pht trin. Ba xu hng pht trin ca dch v ngn hng Cng vi nhn thc v quan im th s cnh tranh pht trin dch v ca cc ngn hng thng mi nc ta ang i theo ba xu hng sau. Mt l, pht trin cc dch v trn th trng ti chnh, ch yu trn th trng chng khon. Mt iu r nt v d nhn thy l n nay c 15 ngn hng thng mi thnh lp v a vo hot ng c hiu qu cng ty chng khon trc thuc. Bn cnh , cc ngn hng thng mi cng phi hp vi cc cng ty chng khon thc hin dch v cho vay cm c c phiu, cm c chng khon u t chng khon. Mt s ngn hng thng mi cn lin doanh vi mt s nh ch ti chnh nc ngoi thnh lp Qu u t chng khon, nh: Ngn hng Ngoi thng Vit Nam, Ngn hng Nng nghip v Pht trin nng thn Vit Nam, Ngn hng Thng mi C phn Si Gn Thng tn,... c bit cui thng 4/2007, Ngn hng u t v Pht trin Vit Nam cng b ngn hng ny cng vi 6 tp on, tng cng ty ln khc trong nc thnh lp mt Cng ty qun l qu cng nghip v nng lng ln nht Vit Nam, vi s vn ln ti 10.000 t ng, tng ng vi 625 triu USD. Bn cnh , mt s ngn hng thng mi khc cn trin khai nghip v lu k chng khon, thanh ton b tr chng khon v ngn hng gim st. Hin nay, khong 8 ngn hng thng mi khc ang khn trng hon tt h s nhn giy php thnh lp cng ty chng khon. Hai l, pht trin dch v ngn hng bn l tin ch v hin i. Theo , dch v ngn hng bn bun l dnh cho cc cng ty, tp on kinh doanh,... cn dch v ngn hng bn l l dnh cho khch hng c nhn. Dch v ngn hng bn l ang c s cnh tranh mnh m gia cc ngn hng thng mi trn cc lnh vc chnh:

Tng tin ch ca ti khon c nhn: Ngoi chc nng l ti khon tin gi thng thng ca c nhn, cc ngn hng thng mi cn cung cp dch v ngn hng thu chi trn ti khon, vi hn mc thu chi da trn thu nhp n nh hng thng, mc tin lng, ti sn m bo khc. Hin nay Ngn hng Thng mi C phn Chu (ACB), Ngn hng Thng mi C phn K thng (Techcombank) ang kh thnh cng v loi hnh dch v ny. Hu ht cc ngn hng thng mi ang cung cp dch v th trn ti khon c nhn, ch yu l th ATM ni a, mt s i tng khch hng v mt s ngn hng thng mi cn pht hnh th tn dng quc t: VISA, Master Card, Amex,... Dch v chi tr lng qua ti khon c nhn, thanh ton tin hng ho v dch v, chuyn tin v thanh ton khc, cng ang pht trin mnh. Hin Ngn hng Ngoi thng Vit Nam v ang tip tc trin khai trn din rng dch v thanh ton ha n tin in, in thoi vi Vin thng in lc, Bu in H Ni, Vinaphone, Citiphone, MobiFone, VMS,... Ngn hng Thng mi C phn ng cng pht trin dch v thanh ton tin in, nc,... qua dch v th trn a bn Tp.HCM, tnh Bnh Dng. c bit, dch v chi tr lng qua ti khon trn c s s dng dch v ngn hng t ng ATM c nhiu doanh nghip c ng cng nhn, t chc c ng ngi lao ng chp nhn. Dn u v lnh vc dch v ny l Ngn hng Ngoi thng Vit Nam, Ngn hng Thng mi C phn ng . Khong gn 10 ngn hng thng mi c phn ti Tp. HCM m dch v huy ng vn v cho vay bng vng. a dng cc sn phm ca dch v ngn hng c nhn: Cc ngn hng thng mi ang m rng dch v cho vay vn tr gp mua t, k c xe du lch gia nh, xe du lch kinh doanh, xe vn ti,... c phi hp vi cc i l bn xe v da trn thu nhp, ti sn m bo tin vay ca ngi mua xe t, vi thi hn c vay ln ti 4 -5 nm v s tin vay tng ng vi 60% n 90% gi mua xe. Dch v mua nh tr gp cng ang pht trin mnh ti cc th, c ng o cc cp gia nh tr c thu nhp kh v n nh hoan nghnh, vi thi hn vay ti a ln ti 10 -15 nm... Gia tng tnh tin li v dch v ti khon cho khch hng da trn cng ngh ngn hng hin i: Nhiu ngn hng thng mi, nh: ACB, Eximbank, Vietcombank cung cp dch v ngn hng Internet Banking, Mobile Banking,... cho ch ti khon. Ba l, m rng cc dch v ngn hng quc t. in hnh v tiu biu nht trong lnh vc ny l mi y, Thng c Ngn hng Nh nc chp thun cho 3 ngn hng thng mi c thc hin dch v kinh doanh vng trn ti khon nc ngoi, l Ngn hng Thng mi C phn Si Gn, Ngn hng Thng mi C phn Phng Nam v Ngn hng Pht trin nh BSCL. Ngn hng Thng mi C phn K thng cng ang cung cp dch v Option v kinh doanh c ph k hn trn th trng London cho nhiu doanh nghip trong nc.

Cc dch v ngn hng khc, nh: bao thanh ton - Factoring, quyn chn tin t - option, hon i li sut,... cng c nhiu ngn hng thng mi gii thiu cho khch hng. Hin nay, Hip hi Bao thanh ton quc t c 200 thnh vin 60 quc gia th Vit Nam c 11 ngn hng c cp php thc hin dch v bao thanh ton, bao gm 4 ngn hng thng mi trong nc: Vietcombank, ACB, Sacombank, Techcombank v 7 chi nhnh ngn hng nc ngoi ti Vit Nam. Dch v qun l vn trn ti khon ca khch hng c Ngn hng u t v Pht trin Vit Nam trin khai i vi Tng cng ty Cng nghip tu thu Vit Nam v khon vn gn 750 triu USD tri phiu quc t pht hnh cui nm 2005. Hin ti, Vit Nam c 5 ngn hng thng mi c chp nhn lm i l pht hnh v thanh ton th tn dng quc t ca cc t chc th: VISA, Master Card, Amex,... c bit l dch v chuyn tin kiu hi ang c pht trin mnh ti cc ngn hng thng mi Vit Nam, nhiu ngn hng thng mi phi hp vi cc t chc quc t nh Western Union,... song dn u vn l Ngn hng Ngoi thng Vit Nam v Ngn hng Thng mi C phn ng . Ring ng thnh lp ring mt cng ty kiu hi, t doanh s chi tr gn 700 triu USD trong nm 2006, chim 14% th phn chi tr kiu hi trong c nc. Trong mt nn kinh t si ng, th trng chng khon pht trin nhanh, th trng dch v ti chnh - ngn hng c s cnh tranh mnh m,... s li cng thc y tng trng kinh t vng chc v cc lung chu chuyn vn vi tc nhanh. Tuy nhin, cng nhn thy mt thc t l s hp tc trong pht trin dch v ca cc ngn hng thng mi Vit Nam rt hn ch, tnh n nh ca dch v cha cao v cht lng dch v cn phi c nng ln. TBKTVN