GIÁO TRÌNH PLC S7-300 LÝ THUYẾT VÀ ỨNG DỤNG - CHƯƠNG 1 GIỚI THIỆU

HO GIAO DtC A AO TAO
THtONG AI HOC St PHAM N1 THtAT TP.HCM

NHOA CO NH CHE TAO MA1 HO MON CO IEN Tt

GIAO THNH PLC S7-300
L1 THt1ET A tNG DtNG
(DANH CHO SINH VIEN NGANH C IEN T T ONG HOA )

HIEN SOANt
ThS. NGUYEN XUAN QUANG

TP.HCM, THANG 12 NAM 2006
MUC LUC
Chng 1 Trang 1
1.1 Gii thieu PLCS7-300 1
1.1.1 Thiet b ieu khien kha trnh 1
1.1.2 Cac module cua PLCS7-300 2
1.2 To chc bo nh CPU 8
1.3 Vong quet chng trnh PLC 10
1.4 Cau truc chng trnh. 11
1.4.1 Lap trnh tuye n tnh 12
1.4.2 Lap trnh cau truc 12
1.4.3 Cac khoi OB ac biet 13
1.5 Ngon ng lap trnh 14

Chng 2 Ngon ng lap trnh STL 16
2.1 Cau truc lenh 16
2.1.1 Toan hang la d lieu 16
2.1.2 Toan hang la a ch 18
2.1.3 Thanh ghi trang thai 20
2.2 Cac lenh c ban 22
2.2.1 Nhom lenh logic 22
2.2.2 Lenh oc thanh ghi trong ACCU 28

Chng 3 Ngon ng Graph va ng dung 32
3.1 Tao mot khoi FB di dang ngon ng Graph 32
3.1.1 Tao mot khoi FB Graph 32
3.1.2 Viet chng trnh theo kieu tuan t 32
3.2 Viet chng trnh cho ACTION cho ca c step 36
3.3 Viet chng trnh cho TRANSITION 37
3.4 Lu va ong chng trnh lai 39
3.5 Goi chng trnh t trong kho i FB1 vao khoi OB1 40
3.6 Download chng trnh xuong CPU va kiem tra tuan t chng trnh 40
3.6.1 Download chng trnh xuong CPU 40
3.6.2 kiem tra tuan t chng trnh 41
Chng 4 Phan mem Step 7 42
4.1 S lc ve phan mem Step 7 42
4.1.1 Cai at step 7 42
4.1.2 Cac cong viec khi lam viec vi phan mem Step 7 43
4.1.3 Seat giao dien PG/PC 43
Truong DH SPKT TP. HCM http://www.hcmute.edu.vn
Thu vien DH SPKT TP. HCM - http://www.thuvienspkt.edu.vn
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4.2 cach tao mot chng trnh ng dung vi Step 7 44
4.2.1 Cac bc soan thao mot Project 44
4.2.2 Thiet lap phan cng cho tram 46
4.2.3 Soan thao chng trnh cho cac khoi logic 51
Chng 5 Bo hieu chnh PID, cac ham x ly tn hieu tng t
va ng dung 54
5.1 Gii thie u 45
5.2 Modun mem FB58 55
5.2.1 Gii thie u 55
5.2.2 Cac thong so cua FB58 66
5.3 Ham FC105,FC106 71
5.3.1 Ham FC105 nh t le ngo vao Analog 71
5.3.2 Ham FC106 khong nh t le ngo ra Analog 72
5.4 V du ng dung ie u khie n mc nc trong bon 73
5.4.1 Nguyen ly hoat o ng 73
5.4.2 S o khoi cua he thong t ong 75
5.4.3 Khai bao cac thong so phan cng 76

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TAI LIEU THAM KHAO

1. Nguye n Hong Sn. Ky Thua t Truye n So Lieu- Nha Xua t Ban Lao ong Va Xa
Hoi.
2. Phan Xuan Minh & Nguye n Doan Ph c, 1997 : Ly Thuye t ieu Khien M
Nha Xua t Ba n Khoa Ho c Va Ky Thuat.
3. Nguye n Doan Ph c, Phan Xuan Vu , Vu Va n Hoa, 2000. T o ng Hoa vi
SIMATIC S7-300 Nha Xuat Ba n Khoa Ho c Va Ky Thuat
4. SIMATIC S7-300 ie u Khien He Thong (Systemhandling ), 2000. a i Ho c S
Pham Ky Thua t. Trung Tam Vie t c. Bo Mon ien ien T.
5. Hang Siemens, SIMATICs Manual.
6. http://wwww.ad.Siemens.de/

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Trang 1
CHNG 1: GII THIEU
1.1 Gi i thieu PLC S7-300
1.1.1 Thie t b ieu khie n logic kha trnh.
Thiet b ie u khien logic kha trnh (Programmable Logic Controller) la
loa i thiet b th c hien linh hoat cac thuat toan ieu khien so thong qua mot
ngon ng lap trnh, thay v phai th c hien thua t toan o bang ma ch so. Nh
vay, PLC la mot bo ieu khien gon, nhe va de trao oi thong tin vi moi tr ng
ben ngoai (vi ca c PLC khac hoa c may tnh). Toan bo chng trnh ieu khien
c lu tr trong bo nh cua PLC di dang cac kho i chng trnh va c
th c hien theo chu ky cu a vong quet (scan).

e th c hien c mot chng trnh ieu khien, ta t nhien PLC phai co
tnh nang nh mo t may tnh, ngha la phai co mot bo vi x ly (CPU), mot he
ieu hanh, bo nh e lu chng trnh ieu khien, d lieu va tat nhien phai co
ca c cong va o/ra e giao tie p c vi o i tng ieu khie n va e trao oi
Bo nh chng trnh
Timer
Bit c
Bo em
Bo x ly trung tam
+
He ieu hanh
Quan ly ket noi
Cong ngat va
em toc o cao
Cong vao/ra
onboard
Bus cu a PLC
Hnh1.1. Ca u truc be n trong cua mot PLC

Bo em
vao/ra
CPU
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Trang 2
thong tin vi moi tr ng xung quanh. Ben ca nh o nham phuc bai toan ieu
khien so, PLC co n pha i co them mot so khoi ch c nang a c biet kha c nh bo
em (Counter), bo nh th i (Timer) va nhng khoi ham chuye n dung.
u iem cu a bo ieu khie n lap trnh c so v i ieu khie n noi day:
Tnh nang m rong: kha na ng m rong x ly ba ng ca ch thay oi chng
trnh lap trnh mot ca ch de dang.
o tin cay cao.
Ca ch ke t noi ca c thie t b ieu khien n gia n.
Hnh da ng PLC gon nhe.
Gia thanh va chi ph la p a t tha p.
Phu hp vi mo i trng cong nghie p.
Cac ng du ng cua PLC trong sa n xuat va trong dan dung:
ieu khie n cac Robot trong co ng nghiep.
He thong x ly nc sach.
Cong nghe th c pham.
Cong nghe che bien dau mo.
Cong nghe sa n xuat vi mach.
ieu khie n cac may cong cu.
ieu khie n va giam sat day chuye n sa n xua t.
ieu khie n he thong en giao tho ng.

1.1.2 Ca c module cua PLC S7-300.
e tang tnh mem de o trong ca c ng dung th c te ma o phan l n ca c
oi t ng ieu khien co so tn hieu au vao, a u ra cung nh chung loai tn
hieu vao/ra kha c nhau ma ca c bo ie u khie n PLC c thiet ke khong b c ng
hoa ve cau hnh. Chung c chia nho thanh ca c module. So ca c module c
s dung nhieu hay t tuy thuo c va o tng bai toan, song toi thieu bao gi cung co
module chnh (module CPU, module nguon). Ca c module con lai la nh ng
module truyen nha n tn hieu vi ca c oi tng ieu khie n, chu ng c goi la
ca c module m rong. Ta t ca ca c module e u c ga tren mot thanh Rack.
Module CPU:
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Trang 3
ay la loa i module co cha bo vi x ly, he ieu ha nh, bo nh, ca c bo thi
gian, bo em, co ng truye n thong, va co the co cac co ng va o/ra so. Cac co ng
vao/ra tch h p tren CPU goi la cong vao ra onboard.
Trong ho PLC S7-300, ca c module CPU co nhieu loai va c at ten theo
bo vi x ly ben trong nh : CPU 312, CPU 314, CPU 316,. Nh ng module
cung mot bo vi x ly nhng kha c nhau so cong vao/ra onboard cu ng nh ca c
khoi ham ac biet th c phan bie t bang cum ch ca i IFM (Intergrated
Function Module). V du nh CPU 312IFM, CPU 314IFM,.
Ngoa i ra, con co loa i module CPU co hai cong truyen thong, trong o
cong th hai dung e noi mang phan tan nh ma ng PROFIBUS (PROcess Field
BUS). Loai nay i kem vi cum t DP (Distributed Port) trong te n goi. V du
module CPU315-DP.
Module m ro ng:
Ca c module m rong c thanh 5 loai :
1) PS (Power Supply): module nguon la module ta o ra nguon co ien ap 24Vdc
ca p nguon cho ca c module khac. Co 3 loai: 2A, 5A va 10A.

en ch th nguon 24Vdc ON/OFF Switch 24Vdc
omino no i day ngo ra ien ap 24Vdc
Cau ch bao ve qua do ng
omino no i day v i ien ap 220Vac
Hnh1.2. S o khoi va s o a u day cua module nguo n
PS307;2A (6ES7307-1BA00-0AB)
1

2

3

4

1

5

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Trang 4
2) SM (Signal Module): Module m rong vao/ra, bao gom :
a) DI (Digital Input): module m ro ng co ng vao so. So ca c cong vao so m
rong co the la 8, 16 hoa c 32 tuy thuo c va o tng loai module.

So th t cac ngo va o so trong module
en ch th mc logic
Bus ben trong cu a module
b) DO (Digital Output): module m rong cong ra so. So ca c cong vao so m
rong co the la 8, 16 hoa c 32 tuy thuo c va o tng loai module.

2

3

1

Hnh 1.3. S o a u day cua module
SM221; DI 32 x DC 24V
(6ES7321-1BL00-0AA0)
Hnh 1.4. S o au day cu a module
SM221; DI 32 x AC 120V
(6ES7321-1EL00-0AA0)
Hnh 1.6. S o a u day cu a module
SM 322; DO 16 x AC 120/230 V/1 A;
(6ES7322-1FH00-0AA0)
Hnh 1.5.S o a u day cu a module
SM 322; DO 32 x 24 VDC/ 0.5 A;
(6ES7322-1BL00-0AA0)

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Trang 5

So th t cac ngo va o so trong module
en ch th mc logic
c) DI/DO (Digital Input/Digital Output): module m rong cong va o/ra so.
So ca c cong va o/ra so m rong co the la 8 vao/8 ra hoa c 16 va o/16 ra
tuy thuoc vao tng loa i module.

So th t cac ngo vao so trong
module
en ch th m c logic

SM 322; DO 16 x Rel. AC 120/230 V;
(6ES7322-1HH01-0AA0)

SM 322; DO 8 x Rel. AC 230V/5A;
(6ES7322-5HF00-0AB0)

2

3

1

SM 323; DI 16/DO 16 x DC 24 V/0.5 A;
(6ES7323-1BL00-0AA0)

2

3

1

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Trang 6
d) AI (Analog Input): module m rong cong vao tng t. Ban cha t chu ng
la nhng bo chuyen oi tng t sang so (ADC). So ca c cong vao tng
t co the la 2, 4 hoa c 8 tuy t ng loa i module, so bit co the la
8,10,12,14,16 tuy theo tng loai module.
V du : Module SM 331; AI 2 x 12 bit; (6ES7331-7KB02-0AB0)
Cac dang tn hieu o c c
- ien a p
- Do ng ie n
- ien tr
- Nhiet o
o phan giai 12 bit

Khi tn hie u vao la ie n ap
Khi tn hie u vao la ong ien
Khi tn hie u vao la ie n tr
Hnh 1.13. S o a u day cua module
Khi tn hie u vao la Thermocouple
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Trang 7
e) AO (Analog Output): module m rong cong ra tng t. Chung la nh ng
bo chuyen o i t so sang tng t (DAC). So co ng ra tng t co the la 2
hoa c 4 tuy tng loai module.

f) AI/AO (Analog Input/Analog Output): module m ro ng vao/ra tng t.
So ca c co ng vao ra tng t co the la 4 vao/2 ra hoa c 4 va o/4 ra tuy t ng
loa i module.
3) IM (Interface Module): Module ke t noi.

SM 332; AO 4 x 12 Bit;
(6ES7332-5HD01-0AB0)

IM 365; (6ES7365-0BA01-0AA0)

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Trang 8
ay la loai module dung e ket noi tng nhom cac module m rong thanh mot
khoi va c quan ly b i mot module CPU. Thong thung ca c module m ro ng
c ga lien nhau tren mot thanh rack. Moi thanh rack ch co the ga c nhieu
nha t 8 module m rong (khong ke module CPU va module nguon). Mot module
CPU co the lam vie c nhieu nha t vi 4 thanh rack va cac rack nay phai c noi
vi nhau ba ng module IM.
4) FM (Function Module): Module co ch c nang ieu khien rieng nh: module
ieu khien ong c b c, module ieu kien ong c servo, module PID,
5) CP (Communication Processor): Module truyen trong gi a PLC vi PLC hay
gi a PLC vi PC.
1.2 To ch c bo nh CPU.
Vung nh chc ca c thanh ghi: ACCU1, ACCU2, AR1, AR2,
Load memory: la vung nh cha chng trnh ng dung (do ng i s
dung vie t ) bao gom tat ca ca c khoi chng trnh ng du ng OB, FC, FB, ca c
khoi chng trnh trong th vien he thong c s dung (SFC, SFB) va cac khoi
d lieu DB. Vung nh nay c tao bi mot pha n bo nh RAM cua CPU va
EEPROM (neu co EEPROM). Khi th c hien ong ta c xoa bo nh (MRES) toan
bo cac khoi chng trnh va kho i d lieu nam trong RAM se b xoa. Cung nh
vay, khi chng trnh hay khoi d lieu c o (down load) t thie t b lap trnh
(PG, ma y tnh) vao module CPU, chung se c ghi le n pha n RAM cua vu ng
nh Load memory.
Work memory: la vung nh ch a cac khoi DB ang c m, khoi
chng trnh (OB, FC, FB, SFC, hoac SFB) ang c CPU th c hien va phan
bo nh ca p phat cho nhng tham so hnh thc e cac khoi chng trnh nay trao
oi tham tr vi he ie u hanh va vi cac kho i chng trnh kha c (local block).
Tai mot th i iem nhat nh vung Work memory ch cha mot kho i chng
trnh. Sau khi khoi chng trnh o c thc hien xong th he ie u ha nh se xoa
khoi Work memory va nap vao o khoi chng trnh ke tie p en lt c th c
hien.
System memory: la vung nh ch a ca c bo em vao/ra so (Q, I), ca c bien
c (M), thanh ghi C-Word, PV, T-bit cua timer, thanh ghi C-Word, PV, C-bit
cu a Couter. Vie c truy cap, sa loi d lieu nhng o nh na y c pha n chia
hoa c bi he ieu ha nh cu a CPU hoa c do chng trnh ng dung.
Co the thay rang trong cac vung nh c trnh bay tre n khong co vu ng
nh nao c du ng lam bo em cho ca c co ng vao/ra tng t. Noi ca ch kha c
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Trang 9
ca c cong vao/ra tng t khong co bo em va nh va y moi lenh truy nhap
module tng t (o c hoa c gi gia tr) eu co tac dung tr c tiep t i ca c co ng
vat ly cu a module.
Bang1.1. vung a ch va tam a ch
Ten goi Kch thc truy cap Kch thc toi a (tuy
thuo c va o CPU)
Process input image (I)
Bo em vao so
I
IB
IW
ID
0.0 127.7
0 127
0 126
0 124

Process output image (Q)
Bo em ra so
Q
QB
QW
ID
0.0 127.7
0 127
0 126
0 124
Bit memory (M)
Vung nh c
M
MB
MW
MD
0.0 255.7
0 255
0 254
0 252
Timer (T) T0 T255
Counter (C) C0 C255
Data block (DB)
Khoi d lie u share
DBX
DBB
DBW
DBD
0.0 65535.7
0 65535
0 65534
0 65532
Data block (DI) DIX 0.0 65535.7
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Trang 10
Khoi d lie u instance DIB
DIW
DID
0 65535
0 65534
0 65532
Local block (L)
Mien nh a phng
cho ca c tham so hnh
th c
L
LB
LW
LD
0.0 65535.7
0 65535
0 65534
0 65532
Peripheral input (PI) PIB
PIW
PID
0 65535
0 65534
0 65532
Peripheral output (PQ) PQB
PQW
PQD
0 65535
0 65534
0 65532
Tr phan bo nh EEPROM thuoc vung Load memory va mot phan RAM
t nuoi ac biet (non-volatile) dung e lu gi tham so cau hnh tram PLC nh
a ch tram (MPI address), ten ca c module m rong, tat ca ca c phan bo nh
con la i che o ma c nh khong co kha nang t nh (non-retentive). Khi mat
nguon nuoi hoa c khi th c hie n cong vie c xoa bo nh (MRES), toan bo noi dung
cu a pha n bo nh non-retentive se b ma t.
1.3 Vo ng que t chng trnh cua PLC.
PLC th c hien chng trnh theo chu trnh la p. Moi vong lap c goi la
vong que t (scan). Moi vo ng quet c bat au ba ng giai oan chuyen d lieu
t ca c cong vao so ti vung bo em ao I, tiep theo la giai th c hien chng
trnh. Trong tng vong que t, chng trnh c thc hien t lenh au tien en
lenh ket thu c cua kho i OB1 (Block end). Sau giai oan th c hien chng trnh
la giai oan chuyen cac noi dung cu a bo em a o Q t i ca c cong ra so. Vo ng
quet c ke t thu c bang giai oa n truye n thong no i bo va kiem tra loi.
Thi gian can thiet e PLC th c hie n c mot vo ng quet go i la thi gian
vong que t (Scan time). Thi gian vo ng que t khong co nh, tc la kho ng phai
vong quet nao cu ng c th c hien lau, co vong quet c thc hien nhanh tuy
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Trang 11
thuo c vao so lenh trong chng trnh c thc hie n, vao khoi d lieu c
truyen thong trong vong quet o.

Nh vay gi a vie c o c d lieu t oi tng e x ly, tnh toa n va vie c g i tn
hieu ieu khien ti o i tng co mot khoang th i gian tre ung bang th i gian
vong quet. Noi cach kha c, thi gian vong quet quyet nh tnh thi gian th c
cu a chng trnh ieu khien trong PLC. Thi gian vong quet cang nga n, tnh
thi gian thc cua chng trnh ca ng cao.
Neu s dung cac khoi chng trnh a c biet co che o ngat, v du nh khoi
OB40, OB80, Chng trnh cu a cac khoi o se c th c hien trong vong quet
khi xuat hien tn hieu bao ngat cung chu ng loai. Ca c khoi chng trnh nay co
the c thc hien ta i moi iem trong vong quet ch khong b go e p la phai
trong giai oan th c hien chng trnh. Cha ng han neu mot tn hieu bao ngat
xua t hien khi PLC ang giai oan truyen thong va kiem tra noi bo, PLC se
ta m dng co ng viec truyen thong, kiem tra, e thc hien khoi chng trnh
tng ng vi khoi tn hieu bao nga t o. Vi hnh th c x ly tn hieu ngat nh
vay, thi gian vong que t se cang ln khi ca ng co nhieu tn hieu ngat xuat hien
trong vong que t. Do o, e na ng cao tnh thi gian th c cho chng trnh ieu
khien tuyet oi kho ng nen viet chng trnh x ly nga t qua da i hoa c qua lam
dung vie c s du ng che o nga t trong chng trnh ieu khien.
Tai thi iem th c hien lenh va o/ra, thong thng lenh khong lam vie c
trc tiep vi cong vao/ra ma ch thong qua bo em ao cu a cong trong vung nh
tham so. Viec truye n thong gia bo em ao vi ngoai vi trong ca c giai oa n 1
va 3 do he ieu hanh CPU quan ly. mot so module CPU, khi ga p le nh vao/ra
ngay lap t c, he thong se cho dng moi cong vie c kha c, ngay ca chng trnh
x ly nga t, e th c hien le nh tr c tiep v i cong vao/ra.
Hnh 1.16. Vong que t CPU
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1.4. Ca u tru c chng trnh.
Chng trnh cho S7-300 c lu trong bo nh cu a PLC vu ng da nh
rieng cho chng trnh. Ta co the c la p trnh v i hai dang ca u truc kha c
nhau:
1.4.1. Lap trnh tuyen tnh
Toan bo chng trnh ieu khien nam trong mot khoi trong bo nh. Loa i
la p trnh cau tru c ch thch hp cho nhng ba i toa n t ong nho, khong phc
ta p.

Khoi c cho n la khoi OB1, la khoi ma PLC luo n luon que t va thc hien ca c
lenh trong no th ng xuyen, t lenh au tien en lenh cuoi cung va quay lai
lenh au tie n:
1.4.2 La p trnh cau truc
Chng trnh c chia thanh nhng phan nho v i tng nhiem vu rieng
biet va cac phan nay nam trong nhng khoi chng trnh kha c nhau. Loai lap
trnh co ca u truc phu hp vi nhng bai toan ieu khie n nhie u nhiem vu va
phc tap. Cac khoi c ban :
Khoi OB (Organization Block): kho i to chc va quan ly chng trnh ieu
khien. Co nhie u loa i kho i OB vi nhng chc nang kha c nhau. Chung c
pha n biet v i nhau bang so nguyen theo sau nhom ky t OB, v du nh OB1,
OB35, OB80
Khoi FC (Program Block): khoi chng trnh vi nh ng chc nang rieng biet
giong nh mot chng trnh con hay mot ham (chng trnh co co bien hnh
th c). Mot chng trnh ng du ng co the co nhieu khoi FC va ca c khoi FC
nay c phan biet vi nhau bang so nguyen theo sau nhom ky t FC,
chang han nh FC1, FC2,
Lenh 1
Lenh 2

Lenh n
OB1

Hinh 1.17. Vong que t PLC
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Khoi FB (Function Block): la khoi FC at bie t co kha nang trao o i mot
lng d lieu l n vi ca c khoi chng trnh khac. Ca c d lieu nay pha i c
to ch c tha nh khoi d lieu rieng c goi la Data Block. Mot chng trnh
ng dung co the co nhieu kho i FB va ca c khoi FB nay c phan biet vi
nhau bang so nguye n theo sau nhom ky t FB. Chang han nh FB1, FB2,
Khoi DB (Data Block): kho i d lieu ca n thie t e th c hie n chng trnh. Ca c
tham so cu a kho i do ng i s dung t a t. Mot chng trnh ng dung co the
co nhie u khoi DB va cac kho i DB na y c phan bie t v i nhau bang so
nguye n theo sau nhom ky t DB. Chang han nh DB1, DB2,
Chng trnh trong ca c khoi c lien ket v i nhau bang cac le nh goi khoi
va chuyen khoi. Cac chng trnh con c phe p goi long nhau, tc t mot
chng trnh con nay goi mot chng trnh con khac va t chng trnh con
c goi la i goi mot chng trnh con th 3.

1.4.3 Ca c khoi OB a c biet.
1) OB10 (Tinme of Day Interrupt ): Chng trnh trong kho i OB10 se c th c
hien khi gia tr th i gian cu a ong ho thi gian th c nam trong mot khoa ng
thi gian a c quy nh. Vie c quy nh khoang thi gian hay so lan goi
OB10 c th c hie n nh chng trnh he tho ng SFC28 hay trong ba ng
tham so cu a module CPU nh phan mem STEP 7.
2) OB20 (Time Relay Interrupt): Chng trnh trong khoi OB20 se c th c
hien sau mot khoang th i gian tre at tr c ke t khi go i chng trnh he
thong SFC32 e at th i gian tre.
3) OB35 (Cyclic Interrupt): Chng trnh trong khoi OB35 se c thc hien
ca ch eu nhau mot khoang thi gian co nh. Ma c nh, khoang thi gian
nay la 100ms, nhng ta co the thay oi nh STEP 7.

OB1
Hnh 1.18. Lap trnh co cau tru c

FC7

FB2
FC1
. . .

FB9

FC3
FB5
. . .

He
ieu
Hanh
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4) OB40 (Hardware Interrupt): Chng trnh trong kho i OB40 se c th c
hien khi xuat hien mot tn hieu bao nga t t ngoai vi a va o CPU tho ng qua
ca c co ng onboard a c biet, hoac thong qua ca c module SM, CP, FM.
5) OB80 (Cycle Time Fault ): Chng trnh trong khoi OB80 se c thc hien
khi th i gian vong quet (scan time) vt qua khoa ng th i gian c c ai a qui
nh hoa c khi co mot tn hie u ngat goi mot khoi OB na o o ma kho i OB nay
cha ket thuc lan goi trc. Th i gian quet mac nh la 150ms.
6) OB81 (Power Supply Fault): Chng trnh trong kho i OB81 se c th c
hien khi thay co xuat hie n loi ve bo nguon nuo i.
7) OB82 (Diagnostic Interrupt): Chng trnh trong kho i OB82 se c th c
hien co s co t ca c module m rong vao/ra. Ca c module na y phai la ca c
module co kha nang t kiem tra mnh (diagnostic cabilities).
8) OB87 (Communication Fault): Chng trnh trong khoi OB87 se c th c
hien co xua t hien lo i trong truyen thong.
9) OB100 (Start Up Information): Chng trnh trong khoi OB100 se c th c
hien mot la n khi CPU chuyen t trang tha i STOP sang RUN.
10) OB101 (Cold Start Up Information-ch vi S7-400): Chng trnh trong khoi
OB101 se c thc hien mot lan khi co ng tat nguon chuyen t trang thai
OFF sang ON.
11) OB121 (Synchronous Error): Chng trnh trong khoi OB121 se c th c
hien khi CPU phat hien tha y loi logic trong chng trnh oi sai kie u d lieu
hay lo i truy nhap kho i DB, FC, FB khong co trong bo nh.
12) OB122 (Synchronous Error): Chng trnh trong khoi OB122 se c th c
hien khi co loi truy nha p module trong chng trnh.
1.5 Ngo n ng lap trnh.
PLC S7-300 co ba ngon ng lap trnh c ban sau:
Ngon ng lap trnh liet ke le nh STL (Statement List). ay la da ng
ngon ng la p trnh thong thng cua may tnh. Mot chng trnh c
hoa n chnh b i s ghep no i cu a nhieu ca u lenh theo mot thuat toa n nhat
nh, moi lenh chiem mot ha ng va co cau truc chung te n lenh + toan
hang.
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Ngon ng lap trnh LAD (Ladder Logic). a y la dang ngon ng o
hoa, thch hp vi nhng ngi lap trnh quen vi viec thiet ke mach ieu
khien logic.
Ngon ng lap trnh FBD (Function Block Diagram). a y cung la da ng
ngon ng o hoa, thch hp cho nhng ng i quen thiet ke ma ch ieu
khien so.
Ngon ng lap trnh Graph. ay cung la dang ngon ng o hoa, thch
hp cho nhng he thong tuan t.
Ngon ng lap trnh SCL. ay cung la dang ngon ng cap cao, thch
hp cho nhng ngi biet vie t ngon ng ca p cao.
Trong PLC co nhieu ngon ng lap trnh nham phu c vu cho ca c oi t ng
s dung kha c nhau. Tuy nhien mot chng trnh viet tren ngon ng LAD hay
FBD co the chuyen sang dang STL, nhng ngc lai th khong. Va trong STL
co nhieu le nh ma LAD hoa c FBD khong co . ay cung la the manh cua ngon
ng STL:

V du :

Ladder Diagram LAD Stamentl list STL Function Block
Diagram FBD

Hnh 1.19. STL la ngo n ng manh nhat
STL
LAD
FBD
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GIÁO TRÌNH PLC S7-300 LÝ THUYẾT VÀ ỨNG DỤNG - CHƯƠNG 1 GIỚI THIỆU

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