Trng THPT Minh m

Ha hc 10_Chng trnh chun

MT S DNG BI TP N TP CHNG 2
DNG 1: XC NH V TR CA NTHH TRONG BTH Bi 1. Xc nh v tr trong BTH ca cc nguyn t sau: N (Z = 7) Ne (Z = 10) Al (Z = 13) P (Z = 15) Ar (Z = 18) Ca (Z = 20) Si (Z = 14) S (Z = 16) Ti (Z = 22) Cr (Z = 24) Fe (Z = 26) Zn (Z = 30) Bi 2. Cho nguyn t R, cation M2+ v anion X- c cng cu hnh electron l 1s2 2s2 2p6. Xc nh v tr ca tng ngun t trong BTH? Bi 3. Tng s ht proton, ntron, electron ca nguyn t mt nguyn t R thuc nhm VIIA l 28. Vit k hiu nguyn t nguyn t ? Bi 4. Mt hp cht ion c cu to t M+ v X2-. Trong phn t M2X c tng s ht proton, ntron, electron l 140 ht. Trong s ht mang in nhiu hn s ht khng mang in l 44 ht. S khi ca ion M+ ln hn s khi ca ion X2- l 23. Tng s ht proton, ntron, electron trong ion M+ nhiu hn trong ion X2- l 31. 1. Vit cu hnh electron ca M v X. 2. Xc nh v tr ca M v ca X trong bng tun hon. Bi 5. Cation X+ c cu hnh electron ngoi cng l 3p6. 1. Vit cu hnh electron ca X+, ca X? 2. Anion Y 2 c cu hnh electron ging X+, Vit cu hnh electron ca Y? 3. Xc nh v tr ca X, Y trong BTH? 2Bi 6. Tng s ht mang in trong anion A B3 l 82. S ht mang in trong ht nhn ca nguyn t A nhiu hn s ht mang in trong ht nhn ca nguyn t B l 8. 1. Xc nh s hiu nguyn t ca 2 nguyn t A v B ? 2. Vit cu hnh electron ca A v B. Xc nh v tr ca chng trong BTH ? Bi 7. Mt kim loi M c s khi A = 54, tng s cc ht (n, p, e) trong ion M2+ l 78. Hy xc nh v tr ca M trong BTH cc nguyn t, gi tn & vit cu hnh electron ca M v M2+ ? Bi 8. a) Vit cu hnh electron ca nguyn t F (Z = 9) v ion F-. b) Xc nh v tr (, nhm, chu k) ca cc nguyn t X, Y, bit rng chng to c anion X 2-v cation Y+ c cu hnh electron ging ion F-. DNG 2: DA VO BTH SUY RA TNH CHT CA MT NGUYN T Bi 9. Cu to cc lp electron ca nguyn t cc nguyn t A, B, C, D, E nh sau: A: 2/2 B: 2/8/8/2 C: 2/7 D: 2/8/7 E: 2 1. Xc nh v tr ca cc nguyn t trong bng tun hon. 2. Nguyn t no c tnh kim loi mnh nht? Phi kim mnh nht? Nguyn t no km hot ng nht? Gii thch? Bi 10. So snh Bn knh nguyn t; Tnh kim loi hoc Tnh phi kim v sp xp chng theo chiu tng dn ca cc nguyn t trong cc nhm sau? a) N (Z = 7); O (Z = 8); F (Z = 9); Ne (Z = 10). b) Na (Z = 11); Mg (Z = 12); Al (Z = 13); K (Z = 19). c) N (Z = 7); O (Z = 8); F (Z = 9); P (Z = 15). Bi 11. Cho cc nguyn t sau: Ca (Z = 20); P (Z = 15); S (Z = 16) a) Xc nh v tr ca tng nguyn t trong BTH? b) T v tr trong BTH, hy suy ra mt s tnh cht ha hc c bn ca cc nguyn t trn? DNG 3: XC NH NTHH LIN TIP NHAU TRONG MT CHU K, MT NHM Bi 12. Hai nguyn t A, B ng k tip nhau trong cng mt chu k trong bng tun hon, c tng in tch ht nhn l 25. 1. Xc nh v tr ca A, B trong bng tun hon? 2. So snh tnh cht ha hc ca A v B; tnh baz ca oxit to thnh t A v B?

Gv: Bch Hu Hnh

Trng THPT Minh m Ha hc 10_Chng trnh chun Bi 13. A v B l hai nguyn t cng mt nhm v thuc hai chu k lin tip trong bng tun hon. Tng s proton trong hai ht nhn nguyn t ca A v B bng 32. Hy vit cu hnh electron ca A , B v ca cc ion m A v B c th to thnh? Bi 14. A v B l hai nguyn t cng mt nhm v thuc hai chu k lin tip trong bng tun hon. Tng s proton trong hai ht nhn nguyn t ca A v B bng 56. Hy xc nh A, B? Bi 15. Hai nguyn t A, B lin tip nhau trong 1 chu k c tng s proton trong ht nhn nguyn t l 39. a) Xc nh tn A, B, cho bit v tr ca chng trong BTH? b) Tnh % khi lng A, B trong oxit cao nht ca chng? Bi 16. Nguyn t X, Y cng 1 nhm, thuc 2 chu k lin tip c tng in tch ht nhn l 18. a) Vit cu hnh electron ca ngt X, Y, cho bit v tr X, Y trong BTH? b) Vit cng thc oxit cao nht, hiroxit tng ng ca X, Y? Bi 17. Cho 2 nguyn t A, B nm trong 1 nhm A ca 2 chu k lin tip. Tng s in tch ht nhn ca 2 nguyn t l 24. Hai nguyn t C, D ng k tip nhau trong 1 chu k, tng s khi ca chng l 51. S ntron ca D ln hn ca C l 2, s electron ca C bng s ntron ca n. a. Xc nh cc nguyn t trn v vit cu hnh electron ca chng. b. Sp xp cc nguyn t trn theo chiu tng dn ca bn knh nguyn t? Bi 18. Cho tng s ht proton trong phn t X2Y l 23 ht. Bit X v Y l hai nguyn t lin tip nhau trong mt chu k. Xc nh X v Y? DNG 4: XC NH NTHH DA VO OXIT CAO NHT HOC HP CHT KH VI HIDRO Bi 18. Nguyn t R thuc nhm VIIA trong Bng tun hon cc nguyn t ha hc. Trong oxit cao nht, t l khi lng gia R v Oxi ln lt bng 10/7. Xc nh R? Bi 19. Cho bit nguyn t R to hp cht kh vi Hidro c dng RH3. Trong oxit cao nht, nguyn t R chim 43,66% v khi lng. Xc nh nguyn t R? Bi 20. Cho bit nguyn t R to hp cht kh vi Hidro c dng RH4. Trong oxit cao nht, nguyn t R chim 27,273% v khi lng. Xc nh nguyn t R? Bi 21. Cho bit nguyn t R to hp cht kh vi Hidro c dng RH2. Trong oxit cao nht ca R th Oxi chim 60% v khi lng. Xc nh nguyn t R? Bi 22. Oxit cao nht ca nguyn t R c cng thc l RO2. Trong hp cht kh vi Hidro th R chim 87,5% v khi lng. Xc nh nguyn t R? Bi 23. Oxit cao nht ca nguyn t R c cng thc l RO3. Trong hp cht kh vi Hidro th R chim 94,12% v khi lng. Xc nh nguyn t R? Bi 24. Oxit cao nht ca nguyn t R c cng thc l R 2O5. Trong hp cht kh vi Hidro ca R c cha 17,65% Hidro v khi lng. Xc nh nguyn t R? Bi 25. Mt nguyn t R c ha tr trong oxit bc cao nht bng ha tr trong hp cht kh vi hidro, phn t khi oxit ny bng 1,875 ln phn t khi hp cht kh vi hidro. Xc nh tn R DNG 5: XC NH NTTH DA VO TNH CHT HA HC Bi 26. Cho 41,1g kim loi M nhm IIA tan hon ton trong 214,8 gam H2O thu c 6,72 lt kh (ktc) v dung dch A. a) Xc nh M v tnh nng phn trm ca dung dch A? b) Cn ly bao nhiu gam dung dch A v bao nhiu gam H2O pha thnh 500 g dd mi nng 5%? Bi 27. Cho m gam kim loi X nhm IIA tc dng hon ton vi dung dch HCl, thu c 125g dung dch A, trong mui c nng 30,4% v 0,8g kh H2. a) Xc nh kim loi X, tnh m? b) Tnh khi lng dung dch HCl dng? Bi 28. Cho 6,9g mt kim loi X thuc nhm IA tc dng vi nc, ton b kh thu c cho tc dng vi CuO un nng. Sau phn ng thu c 9,6g ng kim loi. Xc nh tn X Bi 29. Cho 8,8g mt hn hp hai kim loi nm 2 chu k lin tip nhau v thuc nhm IIA, tc dng vi dd HCl d th thu c 6,72 lt kh hidro (ktc). Xc nh tn 2 kim loi v tnh phn trm khi lng mi kim loi trong hn hp u? Bi 30. Ho tan mt oxit ca kim loi nhm IIA bng mt lng va dung dch H2SO4 10% thu c dung dch mui B c nng 11,765%. Xc nh Cng thc ca oxit ? Gv: Bch Hu Hnh

Trng THPT Minh m

Ha hc 10_Chng trnh chun

N TP CHNG 2
Bi 1: Xc nh v tr ca cc nguyn t sau trong bng tun hon? P (Z = 15); Ar (Z = 18); Ca (Z = 20); Ti (Z = 22); Ni (Z = 27); Cu (Z = 29). Bi 2: So snh bn knh nguyn t; tnh phi kim v m in ca cc nguyn t sau: P (Z = 15); F (Z = 9); S (Z = 16) v O (Z = 8)? Bi 3: Cho hai nguyn t A v B thuc cng mt nhm A v hai chu k lin tip nhau. Tng s proton trong ht nhn nguyn t ca A v B bng 52. Xc nh A v B? Bi 4: Nguyn t phi kim R c ha tr trong oxit cao nht gp 3 ln ha tr trong hp cht kh vi Hidro. Trong oxit cao nht, khi lng ca R bng 2/3 khi lng ca oxi. Xc nh R? Bi 5: Cho 7,8 gam kim loi M (ha tr II) tan ht trong 392,44 gam dung dch H2SO4 long th thu c 2,688 lt kh (o ktc). a) Xc nh kim loi M? b) Tnh nng phn trm ca mui trong dung dch sau phn ng? Bi 6: Ha tan hon ton 5,1 gam oxit kim loi R trong dung dch HCl d th thu c 13,35 gam mui Clorua. Xc nh kim loi R? Bi 7: ha tan hon ton 5,8 gam oxit kim loi M cn dung va ng 100 gam dung dch H2SO4 nng 9,8%. Xc nh cng thc ca oxit trn? Bi 8: Ha tan hon ton 13,65 gam hn hp mui cacbonat ca hai kim loi kim ( hai chu k lin tip) th thu c 3,36 lt kh (o ktc). a) Tnh khi lng mui clorua thu c? b) Tnh phn trm khi lng mi mui trong hn hp u? Cho Zn = 65; Na = 23; K = 39; Li = 7; Al = 27; Fe = 56; S = 32; O = 16; H = 1; Cl = 35,5; C = 12; HT

Gv: Bch Hu Hnh