GIO N HNH HC 10 2011

Gio sinh: ng

Minh Nht

Lp dy: 10A12
Tit th:

Tn chng: PHNG PHP TA TRONG

MT PHNG

Tn bi: BI TP PHNG TRNH NG THNG

Mc tiu bi hc:
1 Kin thc:
Bit vn dng l thuyt bi phng trnh tham s, phng trnh tng qut
ca ng thng.
2. K nng:
Thng tho cch xc nh vect ch phng, php tuyn.
Vit c phng trnh tham s ca ng thng.
Vit c phng trnh tng qut ca ng thng.
3. T duy- Thi :
Quy l v quen,cn thn chnh xc, bit ng dng ca ton hc.
II Chun b ca gio vin v hc sinh:
1 Chun b ca gio vin:
dng dy hc, gio n.
2 Chun b ca hc sinh:
dng hc tp, kin thc 2 bi l thuyt phng trnh tham s ca ng
thng v phng trnh tng qut ca ng thng.
III
Gi v phng php dy hc:
S dng phng php dy hc c bn gip HS pht hin chim lnh kin
thc nh: gi m, vn p, pht hin v gii quyt vn .
IV
Tin trnh bi ging:
1 n nh t chc:
2 Gii bi tp:
I

Hot ng ca gio vin v hc

sinh

Ni dung ghi bng

Bi tp: vit phng trnh tham s v tng qut
ca ng thng trong mi trng hp sau:
1. Qua A (-1; -3) v c VTCP a=(-3;2).
2. Qua M (-4; 0) v c VTPT n=(1;5)
3. Qua 2 im A (-2; 3) v B (4; -5)
4. Qua A (2; 3) v song song vi trc Ox.
5. Qua M (2; -5) v song song vi trc Oy.
6. Qua D (-3; -2) v song song (d): 3x-2y+4=0

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GV: chp bi tp
HS: lm bi.

GIO N HNH HC 10 2011

7. Qua E (0; 2) v vung gc (d): 2x+3y-4=0
8. l ng trung trc ca AB, vi A(-2; 2) ;
B(3; -4).
Gii:
1. i qua A (-1; -3) v c VTCP a=(-3;2) nn
cng c VTPT a'=(2;3).
Do phng trnh tham s ca :
x=-1-3ty=-3+2t tR
V phng trnh tng qut ca :
2x+1+3y+3=0

GV: hon chnh cch trnh by bi lm

ca hc sinh.

2. i qua A (-4; 0) v c VTPT n=(1;5) nn

cng c VTCP u=(5;-1).
Do phng trnh tham s ca :
x=-4+5ty=-t tR
V phng trnh tng qut ca :
1.x+4+(-1).y-0=0
3. AB=6;-8
i qua A-2;3 v c VTCP l AB v VTPT l
n=8;6.
Suy ra: phng trnh tham s ca :
x=-2+6ty=3-8t tR
V phng trnh tng qut ca :
8.x+2+6.y-3=0
.
4. trc Ox c phng trnh y=0 nn Ox c VTCP
l u=0;1.
V // Ox nn c VTCP u=0;1 v VTPT n=1;0
Suy ra: phng trnh tham s ca :
x=2y=3+t tR
V phng trnh tng qut ca :
HS: nh phng trnh tng qut ca trc
1.x-2+0.y-3=0
Ox, Oy.
.
5. trc Oy c phng trnh x=0 nn Oy c VTCP
l u=1;0.
V // Oy nn c VTCP u=1;0 v VTPT n=0;1
Suy ra: phng trnh tham s ca :
x=2+ty=-5 tR
V phng trnh tng qut ca :

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GIO N HNH HC 10 2011

0.x-2+1.y+5=0
.
6. d c VTPT n=3;-2
V // d nn i qua (-3; -2) c VTPT l n=3;-2
v VTCP u=2;3
Suy ra: phng trnh tham s ca :
x=-3+2ty=-2+3t tR
V phng trnh tng qut ca :
3.x+3+(-2).y+2=0
.
7. d c VTPT n=2;3
V nn i qua (0; 2) c VTCP l n=2;3 v
VTPT u=3;-2
Suy ra: phng trnh tham s ca :
x=2ty=2+3t tR
V phng trnh tng qut ca :
3.x-0+(-2).y-2=0
.
8. Gi I l trung im ca AB.
Ta c: xI=-2+32=1/2yI=2-42=-1
I(1/2;-1)
t qua I(1/2;-1) c VTPT AB=5;-6 nn
cng c VTCP u=6;5.
Suy ra: phng trnh tham s ca :
x=12+6ty=-1+5t tR
V phng trnh tng qut ca :
5.x-1/2+(-6).y+1=0
.
HS: da vo tnh cht ng trung trc
ca on thng.

Cng c:
Hon chnh cch lp phng trnh tham s, phng trnh tng qut ca ng
thng.
Lm tip cc bi tp tip theo.

V KINH NGHIM:

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GIO N HNH HC 10 2011

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