Cc dng bi tp v kim loi kim,kim th

Dng I: bi ton pH,phn ng trung ho:

Cu 1. Cho 5 gam hn hp Na v Na2O v tp cht tr tc dng ht vi nc thot ra 1,792 lt kh ktc. Trung ho dung dch sau phn ng cn 100 ml dung dch HCl 2M. % khi lng mi cht trong hn hp ban u l A. 80% Na ; 18% Na2O ; 2% tp cht B. 73.6% Na ; 24.8% Na2O ; 1.6 % tp cht C. 82% Na ; 12,4% Na2O ; 5,6% tp cht D. 92% Na ; 6,9% Na2O ; 1,1% tp cht Cu 2. Tnh lng kt ta to thnh khi trn ln dung dch cha 0,0075 mol NaHCO3 vi dung dch cha 0,01 mol Ba(OH)2 A. 0,73875 gam B. 1,4775 gam C. 1,97 gam D. 2,955 gam Cu 3. Cho hn hp cc kim loi kim Na, K ho tan ht vo nc c dung dch A v 0,672 lt H2 ktc. Th tch dung dch HCl 0,1M cn trung ho ht 1/3 dung dch A l A. 100 ml B. 200 ml C. 300 ml D. 600 ml Cu 4. Ho tan m gam Na kim loi vo nc thu c dung dch A. Trung ho dung dch A cn 100 ml dung dch H2SO4 1M. Tnh m A. 2,3 gam B. 4,6 gam C. 6,9 gam D. 9,2 gam Cu 5. Trn 100 ml dung dch hn hp HCl 0,4 M v H2SO4 0,1M vi 400 ml dung dch hn hp NaOH 0,1M v Ba(OH)2 xM, thu c kt ta v 500 ml dung dch c pH = 12. Tnh x A. 0,05125 M B. 0,05208 M C. 0,03125M D. 0,01325M Cu 6. Trn 200 ml dung dch H2SO4 0,05 M vi 300 ml dung dch NaOH 0,06M. pH ca dung dch to thnh l A. 2,7 B. 1,6 C. 1,9 D. 2,4 Cu 7. Cho 0,001 NH4Cl vo 100 ml dung dch NaOH c pH = 12 v un si, sau lm ngui, thm vo 1 t phenolphtalein, dung dch thu c c mu A. xanh B. hng C. trng D. khng mu Cu 8. Cho 23 gam Na vo 500 gam nc thu c dung dch X v H2, coi nc bay hi khng ng k . Tnh nng C% ca dung dch X. Hy chn p n ng, chnh xc nht A. 7,6482% B. 7,6628% C. 7,6815% D. 8% Cu 9. Cho 2,3 gam Na vo 500 ml dung dch NaOH 4% ( d= 1,05g/ml) thu c dung dch X. Th tch coi khng i 500 ml, nc bay hi khng ng k . Tnh nng mol ca dung dch X A. 2,12M B. 1,05M C. 1,25M D. 1,5M Cu 10. Cn thm bao nhiu gam Na2O vo 500 ml dung dch NaOH 0,095M c dung dch NaOH 0,101 M. Th tch dung dch coi khng i, nc bay hi khng ng k A. 1,15 gam B. 0,186 gam C. 0,093 gam D. 0,04 gam Cu 11. Cn ho tan bao nhiu gam KOH vo nc c c 800 ml dung dch KOH c pH = 13 A. 11,2 gam B. 8,96 gam C. 5,6 gam D. 4,48 gam Cu 12. Trn 400 ml dung dch HCl 0,5 M vi 100 ml dung dch KOH 1,5M, thu c 500 ml dung dch c pH = x. Tnh x A. 3 B. 2,5 C. 2 D. 1 Cu 13. Trn 400 ml dung dch HCl 0,5 M vi 100 ml dung dch KOH aM, thu c 500 ml dung dch c pH = 13. Tnh a A. 1,5 B. 2,5 C. 2 D. 2,55 Cu 14: Th tch dung dch Ba(OH) 2 0,025M cn cho vo 100ml dung dch HCl c pH = 1 dung dch thu c c pH=2 l bao nhiu ( trong cc s cho di y) A. 0,25lt B. 0.14 lt C. 0,16 lt D. 0,18lt Cu 15: Cho dung dch NaOH c pH =12 .Cn pha long dung dch NaOH bao nhiu ln thu c dung dch NaOH c pH =11. A. 100 ln B. 9 ln C. 99 ln D. D.10 ln Cu 16: Trn 200 ml dung dch HCl 0,1M v H2SO4 0,05 M vi 300 ml dung dch Ba(OH) 2 c nng a mol/l thu c m gam kt ta v 500 ml dung dch c pH= 13. Tnh a v m: A. 1,5M v 2,33 gam B. 0,12 M v 2,33 gam C. 0,15M v 2,33 gam D. 1M v 2,33 gam Cu 17: Trn 200 ml dung dch H2SO4 0,05 M vi 300 ml dung dch NaOH 0,06 M. pH ca dung dch thu c l A. 2, 9 B. 2,4 C. 4,2 D. p n khc Cu 18:S ml dung dch hn hp NaOH 0,1M v Ba(OH)2 0,05M cn phi dng trung ha 50ml dung dch hn hp hai axit HCl 0,3M v HNO3 0,2M l bao nhiu? Cu 19:Sc 2,24 lit kh CO2 vo 400ml dung dch A cha NaOH 1M v Ca(OH)2 0,01M thu c bao nhiu kt ta?

Cu 20 Ha tan hon ton 17,88 gam hn hp X gm 2 kim loi kim A,B v kim loi kim th M vo nc thu c dung dch C v 0,24 mol H2 bay ra. Dung dch D gm H2SO4 v HCl trong s mol ca HCl gp 4 ln s mol H2SO4 . trung ha ddC cn ht V lit ddD. Tnh tng khi lng mui to thnh? Cu 21: Cho bit 20 ml dd HNO3 c trung ha bi 60 ml KOH - 20 ml dd HNO3 sau khi tc dng ht vi 2 gam CuO th c trung ha ht bi 10ml dd KOH. Tnh nng mol/l ca dd HNO3 v KOH Cu 22: Phi thm V ml dd Ba(OH)2 0,1M vo 10 ml dd HCl 0,1M c mt dung dch c pH = 7 . Tm V ? Cu 23: Trn 250 ml dd hn hp HCl 0,08M v H2SO4 0,01M vi 250 ml Ba(OH)2 c nng xM thu c m gam kt ta v 500 ml dd c pH = 12. Tm m , x? Cu 24: Cho bit - 30 ml dd H2SO4 c trung ha ht bi 20 ml dd NaOH v 10 ml KOH 2M. - 30 ml NaOH c trung ha ht bi 20ml ddH2SO4 v 5 ml HCl 1M. Tnh nng ca H2SO4 v NaOH ? Cu 25: Cho 3 gam hn hp gm Natri v kim loi kim X tc dng vi nc. trung ha dd thu c cn 800ml dd HCl 0,25M . Xc nh kim loi X v thnh phn % ca cc kim loi trong hn hp ban u? Cu 26: Khi cho 1,32 gam hp kim Na-K tan trong nc th thu c 0,448 lit kh H2 ktc.Tnh % khi lng ca kim loi trong hp kim? Cu 27:Ha tan ht hn hp hai kim loi kim th vo nc thu c 6,72 lit kh ktc. Tnh VHCl cn trung ha va dd X ? Dng II:Bi ton mui cacbonat tc dng vi axit Cu 1. Trn 150 ml dung dch ( Na2CO3 1M v K2CO3 0,5 M) vi 250 ml dung dch HCl 2M th th tch kh CO2 sinh rs ktc l A. 2,52 lt B. 5,04 lt C. 3,36 lt D. 5,6 lt Cu 2. Thm t t n ht dung dch cha 0,02 mol K2CO3 vo dung dch cha 0,03 mol HCl. Lng kh CO2 thu c ktc bng A. 0,448 lt B. 0,224 lt C. 0,336 lt D. 0,112 lt Cu 3. Dung dch X cha 0,6 mol NaHCO3 v 0,3 mol Na2CO3. Thm rt t t dung dch cha 0,8 mol HCl vo dung dch X c dung dch Y v V lt kh CO2 ktc . Thm vo dung dch Y nc vi trong d thy to thnh m gam kt ta. Tnh th tch V v khi lng m A. 11,2 lt CO2 ; 90 gam CaCO3 D. 11,2 lt CO2 ; 40 gam CaCO B. 16,8 lt CO2 ; 60 gam CaCO3 C. 11,2 lt CO2 ; 60 gam CaCO3 Cu 4 Ho tan 7,14g hh 2 mui cacbonat v hirocacbonat ca mt kim loi kim vo nc ri cho mt lng va dd HCl vo, thu c 0,672 lt kh (ktc). Kim loi kim l : A:K B :Cs C :Li D :Na Cu 5 Cho dd cha a mol HCl vo dd c cha b mol Na2CO3. Dung dch sau phn ng c nhng cht tan no ? A: Ch c NaHCO3 nu a/b = 1 B: Ch c NaHCO3 nu a/b = 1 C: NaHCO3 v NaCl nu 1< a/b < 2 D: Ch c NaCl nu a/b < 2 Cu 6 Cho t t x mol HCl vo dd cha 0,3 mol Na2CO3 n ht, khuy u ngi ta thy c 0,1 mol kh CO2 c gii phng. Gi tr ca x l : A : 0,1 B : 0,2 C : 0,3 D : 0,4 Dng III BI TON GIA CO2 ( HOC SO2) VI DUNG DCH KIM NI DUNG PHNG PHP: C hai dng thng gp: Dng 1: Bit s mol CO2 hoc SO2 v OH- . Xc nh sn phm? Dng 2: Bit s mol OH- v sn phm . Xc nh lng CO2 ? Bi 1. Hp th hon ton 2,688 lit kh CO2 (ktc) vo 2,5 lit dung dch Ba(OH)2 nng a mol/l thu c 15,76g kt ta. Gi tr ca a l? Bi 2. Hp th hon ton 4,48 lit kh SO2 (ktc) vo dung dch cha 16g NaOH thu c dung dch X. Khi lng mui tan thu c trong dung dch X l? Bi 3. Sc V ( l ) CO2 vo 150ml dung dch Ba(OH)2 1M, sau phn ng thu c 19,7g kt ta. Gi tr ca V l? Bi 4. Sc 22,4 lit CO2(kc)vo 750ml dung dch NaOH 0,2M. S mol ca Na2CO3 l? Bi 5. Hp th hon ton x lit CO2 ( ktc) vo 2 lit dung dch Ca(OH)2 0,01M th c 1gam kt ta. Gi tr ca x l? Bi 6. Dn 10 lit hn hp kh gm N2 v CO2 (ktc) sc vo 2l dung dch Ca(OH)2 0,02M thu c 1g kt ta. Tnh phn trm theo th tch CO2 trong hn hp kh. Bi 7. Cho 3 l, mi l u ng 200ml dung dch NaOH 1M. Th tch kh SO2 c sc vo 3 l ln lt l 5,6 lit; 1,68 lit v 3,36 lit (ktc). S mol mui to ra mi l l bao nhiu?

Bi 8. Nung m gam hn hp A gm hai mui MgCO3 v CaCO3 cho n khi khng cn kh thot ra, thu c 3,52 gam cht rn B v kh C. Cho ton b kh C hp th ht bi 2 lit dung dch Ba(OH)2 thu c 7,88 gam kt ta. un nng tip tc dung dch li thy to thnh thm 3,94 gam kt ta. Bit cc phn ng xy ra hon ton. Tnh khi lng m v nng mol ca dung dch Ba(OH)2 dng. Bi 9. Cho 10,8 gam hn hp 2 mui cacbonat cu 2 kim loi k tip nhau trong phn nhm chnh nhm II tc dng vi dung dch H2SO4 long d. Cht kh thu c cho hp th hon ton vo dung dch Ba(OH)2 d, th thu c 23,64g kt ta. Hai mui cacbonat v % theo khi lng ca chng trong hn hp l? Bi 10. Nhit phn hon ton 20g mui cacbonat kim loi ha tr 2 thu c kh B v cht rn A. Ton b kh B cho vo 150 lit dung dch Ba(OH)2 0,001M thu c 19,7g kt ta. Khi lng A v cng thc ca mui cacbonat l? Bi 11. Hai cc ng axit HCl t trn hai a cn A v B, cn trng thi cn bng. Cho a(g) CaCO3 vo cc a v b(g) M2CO3 ( M l kim loi kim) vo cc B. Sau khi 2 mui tan hon ton, cn tr li v tr thng bng. Biu thc tnh nguyn t khi ca M theo a v b l? Bi 12. Cho 112ml kh CO2 (ktc) hp th hon ton bi 400ml dung dch nc vi trong, ta thu c 0,1g kt ta. Nng mol/lit ca dung dch nc vi trong l? Bi 13. Ha tan hon ton 11,2 gam CaO vo nc ta uocj dung dch A . Nu sc kh cacbonic sc qua dung dch A v sau khi th nghim kt thc thy c 2,5 gam kt ta. Tnh V lit CO2 tham gia th nghim ? Bi 14.Ha tan 5,8 gam hn hp X gm Fe3O4 v FeCO3 trong mt lng dung dch H2SO4 long d ta thu c dd Y v kh Z. Nh t t dd thuc tm vo dd Y th c hin tng . Khi ht hin tng y th thy tn 160 ml thuc tm 0,05M. Thu ton b kh Z hp th vo 100 ml dd Ba(OH)2 0,2M th thu c m gam kt ta. Tnh % khi lng ca cc cht trong hn hp X v m ? Bi 15. Nung m gam hn hp A gm hai mui MgCO3 v CaCO3 cho n khi khng cn kh thot ra thu c 3,52 gam cht rn B v kh C. Cho ton b kh C hp th ht bi 2 lit dd Ba(OH)2 thu c 7,88 gam kt ta. un nng phn dd cn li thy to thm 3,94 gam kt ta. Tm m v nng ca dd Ba(OH)2 ?

Dng IV Cc bi ton in phn,nhit phn :

Cu 1. in phn mui clorua kim loi kim nng chy thu c 1,792 lt kh ktc anot v 6,24 gam kim loi catot. Cng thc ho hc em in phn l A. LiCl B. NaCl C. KCl D. RbCl Cu 2. Phng trnh in phn no sai A. 2ACln dpnc 2A + nCl2 B. 4MOH dpnc 4M + 2H2O dpdd C. 4AgNO3 + 2H2O 4Ag + O2 + 4HNO3 D. 2NaCl + 2H2O dpdd H2 + Cl2 + 2NaOH ,mnx Cu 3. in phn c mng ngn xp 500 ml dung dch NaCl 4M ( d=1,2 g/ml). Sau khi anot thot ra 17,92 lt Cl2 ktc th ngng in phn. Hy chn gi tr ng ca nng C% ca NaOH trong dung dch sau in phn ( nc bay hi khng ng k) A. 8,26% B. 11,82% C. 12,14% D. 15,06% Cu 4. Nhit phn hon ton 2,45 gam 1 mui v c X thu c 672 ml O2 ktc. Phn cht rn cn li cha 52,35% K v 47,65% Clo . Cng thc phn t ca mui X l A. KClO B. KClO2 C. KClO3 D. KClO4 Cu 5. sn xut H2 v O2 ngi ta tin hnh in phn 5000 gam dung dch KOH 14% (vi in cc tr) vi cng dng in 268A trong vng 10 gi. Gi s hiu sut in phn 100%( nc bay hi khng ng k ). Tnh C% ca KOH trong dung dch sau in phn. Chn p n ng A. 15,8% B. 17,07% C. 20,02% D. 23,14% Cu 6 : in phn 100 ml dung dch NaCl in cc tr c mng ngn vi cng dng in 1,93 A. Khi dung dch c pH l 12 th thi gian in phn l: ( coi H=100%, th tch khng i). A. 100 s B. 50 s C.120s D. 200 s Cu 7 Dy gm cc kim loi c iu ch trong cng nghip bng phng php in phn hp cht nng chy ca chng l. (H KHI A 2007) A. Na, Ca, Zn B. Na, Cu, Al C. Na, Ca, Al D. Fe, Ca, Al Cu8 Phn ng in phn nng chy no di y b vit sai sn phm? dpnc dpnc A. Al2O3 2Al+3/2O2 B. 2NaOH 2Na+O2+ H2
dpnc dpnc C. 2NaCl 2Na+Cl2 D. CaBr2 Ca + Br2 Cu 9 Tnh th tch kh (ktc) thu c khi in phn ht 0,1 mol NaCl trong dung dch vi in cc tr, mng ngn xp. A. 0,024 lit B. 1,120 lit C. 2,240 lit D. 4,489 lit

Cu 10 : Dung dch cha ng thi 0,01 mol NaCl; 0,02 mol CuCl2; 0,01 mol FeCl3; 0,06 mol CaCl2. Kim loi u tin thot ra catot khi in phn dung dch trn l : A. Fe B. Zn C. Cu D. Ca Cu 11 in phn nng chy mui clorua ca kim loi M, anot thu c 1,568 lt kh (ktc), khi lng kim loi thu c catot l 2,8 gam. Kim loi M l A. Mg B. Na C. K D. Ca

Tng hp:
Bi 1: Nung 13,4 gam hn hp hai mui cacbonat ca hai kim loi nhm IIA thuc hai chu k lin tip thu c 6,8 gam oxit. Tm cng thc hai mui v % khi lng ca hai mui trong hn hp? Bi 2: Ha tan 104,25 gam hn hp cc mui NaCl v NaI vo nc. Sc kh Clo d vo ri c cn n khi lng khng i thy thu c 58,5 gam cht rn. Tnh % khi lng mi mui trong hn hp ban u? Bi 3: Cho 43 gam hn hp BaCl2 v CaCl2 vo phn ng va mt lit dung dch hn hp Na2CO3 0,1M v (NH4)2CO3 0,25M .Sau khi phn ng kt thc thu c 39,7 gam kt ta. Tnh % khi lng tng kt ta? Bi 4: Ha tan 12 gam hn hp 2 mui cacbonat kim loi bng dd HCl d thu c dung dch A v 1,008 lit kh bay ra (ktc). Tnh khi lng mui khan thu c khi c cn dung dch A? Bi 5: Nhit phn hon ton mt hn hp MgCO3 v CaCO3 thu c 1,12 lit CO2 (ktc) v 2,2 gam cht rn. Hm lng CaCO3 l: a.14,2% b.28,4% c.71,6% d.31,9% 2+ + Bi 6: Mt dung dch cha cc ion 0,02 mol Cu ; 0,03 mol K ; x mol Cl- ; y mol SO42- . Tng khi lng cc mui tan trong dung dch l 5,435 gam . Tm x, y? Bi 7: Dung dch A cha 0,23 gam Na+ ; 0,12 gam Mg2+ ; 0,355 gam Cl- v m gam SO42- . C cn dung dch A thu c bao nhiu gam mui khan ? Bi 8: Ch dung dch A cha cc ion : [ NH4+] = 0,5M ; [K+] = 0,1M ; [SO42-]=0,25M v Cl- . C cn 200 ml dung dch A thu c bao nhiu gam mui khan? Bi 9:Ha tan hon ton 17,88 gam hn hp X gm 2 kim loi kim A,B v kim loi kim th M vo nc thu c dung dch C v 0,24 mol H2 bay ra. Dung dch D gm H2SO4 v HCl trong s mol ca HCl gp 4 ln s mol H2SO4 . trung ha ddC cn ht V lit ddD. Tnh tng khi lng mui to thnh? Bi 10: mt dung dch hn hp A c cha AlCl3 v FeCl3 . Thm dd NaOH vo 100 mol dung dch A cho n d . Lc ly kt ta em nung nng n khi lng khng i c 2 gam cht rn. Mt khc phi dung ht vi 40 ml AgNO3 2M kt ta ht ion Cl- c trong 50 ml dd A. Tnh nng hai mui trong A? Bi 11: Cho 27,4 gam Ba vo 500 ml dung dch hn hp (NH4)2SO4 1,32% v CuSO4 2% . Sau phn ng thu c kt ta B, kh A .Tnh VA ( ktc) v mB? Bi 12: Mt hn hp gm hai kim loi kim thuc hai chu k lin tip c khi lng 8,5 gam. Hn hp ny tan trong nc d thu 3,36 lit H2 (ktc). Tm hai ki loi A, B v khi lng mi kim loi trong hn hp? Bi 13: Mt hn hp hai kim loi kim A , B thuc hai chu k lin tip c khi lng 10,6 gam. Khi tc dng vi Clo d cho 31,9 gam mui . Tm A,B v khi lng cc kim loi trong hn hp trn? Bi 14: Ha tan 115,3 gam hn hp X gm MgCO3 v RCO3 bng 500 ml dung dch H2SO4 long thu c dung dch A , cht rn B v 4,48 lit kh (ktc).C cn dung dch A thu c 12 gam mui khan.Mt khc em nung B ti khi lng khng i thu c 11,2 lit CO2 (ktc) v cht rn B1 . Bit s mol ca RCO3 gp 2,5 ln s mol ca MgCO3 . Tnh nng ca H2SO4 dng , khi lng B v B1 ; tm R?