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The Matrix!
Glycoproteins
Hydroxyapatite (CaPO4)
Glycosaminoglycans GAGs
Hyaluronic acid, chondroitin sulfates, dermatan sulfate, heparan sulfate and others. Form chains of polysaccharides. Hydrophilic.
Hold water.
Proteoglycan
Glycoproteins
Used to direct cellular attachment and migration.
Fibronectin
Important for cell placement in embryo development and cellar migration and adhesion and differentiation. Also plays a role in wound healing
Fibroblast cells
Stem cells of connective tissue.
Originates from embryonic mesenchyme
Macrophages
Phagocytes derived from monocytes
Mast cells
Promote inflammation Originates in bone marrow from unknown stem cell
Pericytes
Found around blood vessels Contractile properties
Adipocytes
White Adipocyte
Brown Adiopocyte
Babies and hibernating animals
Chondrocyte
Osteocyte
Adipose tissue
Fat
Adipocytes derived from fibroblasts.
Reticular Tissue
Cartilage
Avascular
Matrix largely proteoglycans and GAGs Chondrocytes live in lacunae.
Hyaline cartilage
Type II Collagen Ends of bones, costal cartilages, nose. Hyaline means glassy.
Elastic cartilage Type II collagen + elastin Ear, epiglottis Contain fat droplets
Fibrocartilage Type I collagen Symphyses Broken bone Fibrous matrix Chondrocyte arrangement is linear
Bone
Cancellous bone Trabeculae (interior of bone)
Compact bone Exterior of bone
Osteocytes
Osteocytes = spidery looking black regions.
Osteocytes are missing in most prepared slides, but their lacunae reveal their former location. Canaliculi connect osteocytes with each other.
Canaliculi
When osteoblasts are laying down the bony matrix, cytoplasmic extensions connect the osteoblasts.
When the bony matrix is completed, the osteocytes are essentially trapped in cement.