BAI TAP PHAN NG OXI HOA-KH 1.

BAI TAP XAC NH SO OXI HOA Bai 1: Xac nh so oxi hoa cua cac nguyen to trong cac hp chat, ion sau: N : NH3 , NH4+, H2N-NH2 (hidrazin), NH2OH (hidroxylamin), NO2-, NO3O : H2O, O2- (ion oxit), H2O2 , O22- (ion peoxit) P : H3P, H3PO3 , H3PO4, HPO42- , PO43-, P4O6 , P4O10 , POCl3 , H4P2O7 S : H2S, S2-, S2O32- , S4O6 , SO32- , SO42Mn : Mn2+, Mn(OH)2 , MnO2 , MnO42-, MnO4-, Mn2(CO)10, CH3Mn(CO)5 Cr: Cr2+ , Cr3+ , Cr(OH)3, CrO2- , Cr2O72-, CrO42Fe: Fe2+, Fe(OH)2, Fe3+, Fe(OH)3, Fe(H2O)3(OH)3, [Fe(CN)4]2-, Fe(CO)5, Fe(CO)4 Cu : Cu+, Cu2O, CuCl, CuCl2, Cu(NH3)2+, Cu2+, CuO, Cu(NH3)42+ Ag : AgCl, AgBr, AgI, Ag(NH3)+ Pt : Pt(NH3)42+, PtCl62Au : Au+, Au3+, Au(CN)4Hg : Hg22+ , Hg2Cl2, Hg2SO4, Hg2+, HgO U : UO2+, UO22+, U3+, U4+ Zn : Zn(H2O)2(OH)2, Zn(H2O)(OH)3C : CH3OH, HCHO, HCCOH, C6H12O6, C6H5OH, C6H5NO2, C6H5CH=CH2 Co : Co2(CO)9, HCo(CO)4 Ni : Ni(CO)4 Bai 2: Xac nh so oxi hoa cua cac nguyen to in nghieng trong cac hp chat sau:

Bai 3: Xac nh so oxi hoa cua cac nguyen to in nghieng trong cac hp chat sau: 2. BAI TAP CAN BANG PHAN NG OXI HOA-KH Bai 1: Can bang cac phan ng oxi hoa-kh sau theo phng phap thang bang e: Al + HNO3 --> Al(NO3)3 +NH4NO3 +H2O Fe(OH)2 + HNO3 --> Fe(NO3)3 +NO2 +H2O Mg + HNO3 --> Mg(NO3)2 +N2 +H2O FeCl2 + HNO3 --> Fe(NO3)3 +FeCl3+NO+H2O FeO + HNO3 --> Fe(NO3)3 +NO2 +H2O Mg + HNO3 --> Mg(NO3)2 +NO +H2O Fe + HNO3 --> Fe(NO3)3 +NO2 +H2O Fe3O4 + HNO3 --> Fe(NO3)3 +NO2 +H2O Bai 2: Can bang cac phan ng oxi hoa-kh sau: Cu2SFeS2+HNO3 --> CuSO4+Cu(NO3)2+Fe2(SO4)3+NO2+H2O HNO2 --> HNO3 + NO + H2O K2MnO4+H2O --> KMnO4 + MnO2 + KOH

H2O2 --> H2O + O2 KClO3 --> KClO4 + KCl CrO --> Cr2O3 + Cr CuCl (huyen phu) --> Cu + CuCl2 HIO --> HIO3 +I2+H2O I2+NaOH (loang) --> NaI + NaIO + H2O I2+NaOH(nong) --> NaI + NaIO3 + H2O NaClO --> NaCl+NaClO3 Cl2O --> Cl2+ClO2 ClO2 --> ClO3+Cl2 Na2SO3 --> Na2S +Na2SO4 Na2S2O3 --> Na2SO3+S KOH+Cl2 --> KCl+KClO4+H2O Bai 5: Can bang cac phan ng oxi hoa-kh sau: NH4NO2 --> N2+H2O NH4NO3 --> N2O+H2O S+H2SO4 --> SO2+H2O Fe+FeCl3 --> FeCl2 C+CO2 --> CO KBrO3 +KBr+H2SO4 --> K2SO4+Br2+H2O Bai 6: Hoan thanh va can bang cac phan ng oxi hoa-kh sau: FeO + HNO3(l) --> Fe(NO3)3 + NxOy + H2O FexOy + HNO3 --> Fe(NO3)3 + NaOb + H2O Fe + HNO3 --> Fe(NO3)3 + NxOy + H2O FexOy + CO --> Fe+CO2 Cu2FeSx + O2 --> Cu2O+Fe3O4 + Bai 7: Can bang cac phan ng oxi hoa-kh sau: Fe + HNO3 --> Fe(NO3)3 + NO + NO2 + H2O (VNO=2VNO2) Al + HNO3 --> Al(NO3)3 + NO + NH4NO3 + H2O (nNO=nNH4NO3) Zn + H2SO4() --> ZnSO4 + S + SO2 + H2O (nS=nSO2) NH3 + KClO3 --> KNO3 + KCl + Cl2 + H2O (nKCl=nCl2) Mg +HNO3 --> Mg(NO3)2 + NO2 + NO +H2O (VNO2=VNO) Bai 8: Can bang phan ng oxi hoa-kh sau: KClO3+NH3 --> KNO3+KCl+Cl2+H2O NH3+NaClO --> NaNO3 +Cl2 +NaCl+H2O KClO+N2H4 --> KNO2+Cl2+ KCl+H2 Bai 9: Can bang cac phan ng oxi hoa-kh sau: CH2=CH2 + KMnO4 + H2SO4 --> CO2+MnSO4+K2SO4+H2O CH3CH=CH2+KMnO4+H2O --> CH3CHOHCH2OH+K2SO4+MnSO4+H2O CH3CH2OH+KMnO4+H2SO4 --> CH3COOH+K2SO4+MnSO4+H2O C2H2 +KMnO4 +H2O --> H2C2O4+KOH+MnO2 C6H5CH3 +KMnO4 + H2SO4 --> C6H5COOH +MnSO4+K2SO4 +H2O HOOC-COOH+KMnO4+H2SO4 -->CO2+K2SO4+MnSO4+H2O C6H5CH2CH3+KMnO4+H2SO4 --> C6H5COOH+CO2+K2SO4+MnSO4+H2O H2C2O4 +KMnO4 +H2SO4 --> CO2+K2SO4+MnSO4+H2O C2H5OH+K2Cr2O7 +H2SO4 --> CO2 + K2SO4+Cr2(SO4 )3+H2O CaC2O4 +KMnO4+H2SO4 --> CaSO4 +CO2 +K2SO4 +MnSO4+H2O C12H22O11 +H2SO4 --> CO2 +SO2 +H2O C3H5O9N3 --> CO2+H2O+N2+O2 Bai 10: Can bang cac phan ng oxi hoa-kh sau theo phng

phap thang bang ion-electron: KMnO4 + FeSO4 + H2SO4 --> Fe2(SO4)3 + MnSO4 + K2SO4 + H2O KMnO4 +KNO2 + H2SO4 -->KNO3 + MnSO4 + K2SO4 + H2O KMnO4 + K2SO3 + H2SO4 --> MnSO4 + K2SO4 + H2O KMnO4 + NaCl + H2SO4 --> MnSO4 + Cl2 + Na2SO4 + K2SO4 + H2O KMnO4 + HCl --> MnCl2 + Cl2 + KCl + H2O KMnO4 + PH3 + H2SO4 --> MnSO4 + H3PO4 + K2SO4 + H2O KMnO4 + Zn + H2SO4 --> MnSO4 + ZnSO4 + K2SO4 + H2O KMnO4 + K2SO3 + H2O --> MnO2 + K2SO4 + KOH KMnO4 + MnSO4 + H2O --> MnO2 + K2SO4 + H2SO4 KMnO4 + H2O2 --> MnO2 + O2 + KOH + H2O KMnO4 + K2SO3 + KOH --> K2MnO4 + K2SO4 + H2O KMnO4 + FeS + H2SO4 --> Fe2(SO4)3 + MnSO4 + K2SO4 + H2O KMnO4 +FeS2 + H2SO4 --> Fe2(SO4)3 + MnSO4 + K2SO4 + H2O KMnO4 +CuFeS2 +H2SO4 --> Fe2(SO4)3 +MnSO4 +CuSO4+K2SO4 + H2O K2Cr2O7 + FeSO4 +H2SO4 --> Cr2(SO4)3 + Fe2(SO4)3 + K2SO4 + H2O K2Cr2O7 + K2SO3 + H2SO4 --> Cr2(SO4)3 + K2SO4 + H2O K2Cr2O7 + KI + H2SO4 --> Cr2(SO4)3 + I2 + K2SO4 + H2O K2Cr2O7 + H2S + H2SO4 --> Cr2(SO4)3 + S + K2SO4 + H2O K2Cr2O7 + HBr --> CrBr3 + Br2 + KBr + H2O K2Cr2O7 + HCl --> CrCl3 + Cl2 + KCl + H2O K2Cr2O7 + SnCl2 +HCl --> CrCl3 + SnCl4 + KCl + H2O K2CrO4 +(NH4)2S + H2O --> Cr(OH)3 + S + NH3 + KOH Bai 11: Hoan thanh va can bang cac phan ng oxi hoa-kh sau theo phng phap thang bang ion-eletron: I2 + --> I- + S4O62Bi(OH)3 + SnO22- --> Bi + SnO32- + H2O Cl2+I- +OH- --> IO4- + OCl-+ I- + H2O --> + I2 + Bai 12: Hoan thanh va can bang phan ng oxi hoa-kh sau trong moi trng axit: ClO4- + I- + --> HIO + ClH3AsO4 + H2C2O4 --> CO2 + HAsO2 + Cr2O72- + CH3OH + -->Cr3+ + HCOOH + PbO2 + H2O2 + --> O2 + Pb2+ + Sb2O5 + H2S + --> S + SbO+ + IO3- + I- + --> I2 + NO3- + Al + --> NH3 + Al3+ + F2 + H2O --> F- + O3 + H3AsO4 + I- + --> HAsO2 + I2 + Cr2O72- + Br- + --> Cr3+ + Br2 + Cr3+ + Cl2(k) + --> Cr2O72- + Cl- + Bai 13: Hoan thanh va can bang phan ng oxi hoa-kh sau trong moi trng baz: NO3- +S2- + --> NO2- +S + MnO4- + I- + --> MnO42- +IO3- +

ClO- +Fe(OH)2+ -->Cl- + Fe(OH)3 BrO3- +I2 + --> IO3- +BrO- + ClO4- +C + --> CO32- +Cl2 + HO2- +IO3- --> O2 + I- + IO3- +Cr(OH)3+ --> CrO42- + I- + Bai 14: Can bang cac phan ng oxi hoa-kh sau: K2[Pt(NO2)4].2H2O --> KNO2+Pt+NO2+H2O K[PtF6]+H2 --> Pt+KF+HF K[PtF6] --> PtF4+F2+KF K[PtF6] +H2O --> PtO2+K2[PtF6]+O2+HF K[PtF6] +HCl() --> H2[PtF6]+Cl2+KCl K[PtF6]+KOH(,nguoi) --> PtO2+O2+KF+H2O (NH4)2[PtCl6] --> Pt(bot)+NH4Cl+Cl2 (NH4)2[PtCl6] --> Pt+NH4Cl+HCl+N2 K2[PtCl6]+KNO2+H2O --> K2[Pt(NO2)4]+KNO3+KCl+HCl H2[PtCl4]+N2H4.H2O+NH3.H2O --> Pt+NH4Cl+H2O+N2 H2[PtCl4]+HCl+KMnO4 --> H2[PtCl6]+MnCl2+H2O K2[Pt(CN)4] --> KCN+Pt+C2N2 K[Pt(C2H4)Cl3]+H2 --> Pt+C2H6+KCl+HCl RuO4+H2O2(l) --> RuO2+O2+H2O NiS+CO --> Ni+CO2+CS2 NiSO4+NaClO+NaOH(l) -->NiO(OH)+NaCl+Na2SO4+H2O Ni(NO3)2+NaOH()+Br2 --> NiO(OH)+NaNO3+NaBr+H2O CoCl2+NaNO2+CH3COOH --> Na3[Co(NO2)6]+ NaCl+Na(CH3COO)+ NO +H2O CoF3+N2O5 --> Co(NO3)3+NF3+O2 K2FeO4+H2SO4(l) --> Fe2(SO4)3+O2+K2SO4+H2O K2FeO4 --> K3FeO4+KFeO2+O2 Fe+SO2(am) --> FeSO3+FeSO3S NH4ReO4 --> ReO2+N2+H2O ReF6+NaOH(l) --> NaReO4+ReO2+NaF+H2O Tc2O7+CCl4 --> TcCl4+CCl2O+Cl2 K2MnO4 --> K3MnO4+MnO2+O2 (nK3MnO4=2nMnO2) K2MnO4+H2O --> KMnO4+MnO2+KOH K2MnO4+K2S2O6(O2) --> KMnO4+K2SO4 KMnO4 --> K2MnO4+MnO2+O2 KMnO4 --> K3MnO4+MnO2+O2 (nMnO2=2nK3MnO4) MnSO4+HNO3+NaBiO3 --> HMnO4+Bi(NO3)3+Na2SO4+NaNO3+H2O K2Cr2O7+C --> Cr2O3+K2CO3+CO W+HF+HNO3() --> H2[WO2F4]+NO+H2O SnO2+KNCS --> SnS+CO+N2+K2S CuS+HNO3 --> Cu(NO3)2+S+NO+H2O As2S3+HNO3 --> H3AsO4+H2SO4+NO2+H2O HgS+HCl+HNO3 --> HgCl2+NO+H2SO4+H2O Bai 15 : Hoan thanh va can bang phan ng oxi hoa-kh sau: I-+NO2- --> I2+NO (moi trng axit) Au+CN- +O2 --> Au(CN)4- (moi trng trung tnh) MnO4- --> MnO42- +O2 (moi trng kiem) P --> PH3 + H2PO2- (moi trng kiem)

Zn +As2O3 --> AsH3+Zn2+ (moi trng axit) V --> HV6O173- +H2 (moi trng kiem) Bai 16: Can bang cac phan ng oxi hoa-kh sau: HClO3 + HCl --> Cl2+ClO2+H2O (nCl2=nClO2) KMnO4 + SO2+ H2O --> MnSO4+ K2SO4+ H2SO4 HI+HNO3 --> I2+NO+ H2O NH3+NaOCl --> N2H4+NaCl+ H2O KCN+KMnO4+H2O --> KCNO+MnO2+KOH CrCl3+NaOCl+NaOH -->Na2CrO4+NaCl+H2O Bai 17: Hay d oan san pham va can bang cac phng trnh hoa hoc sau theo phng phap thang bang e hay thang bang ionelectron (neu co): a) H2O2+K2Cr2O7+H2SO4 -->Cr2(SO4)3+ b) CrCl3+H2O2+NaOH --> Na2CrO4+ c) H2O2+HIO3 --> I2+ d) H2O2+KI+H2SO4(l) --> I2+ e) HClO3+FeSO4 +H2SO4 --> FeCl3+Cl2+ Bai 18: Hay d oan san pham va can bang cac phng trnh hoa hoc sau: a) KClO3+H2SO4(,nong) --> b) KClO3(r)+S(r) --> c) NH4ClO4+P --> d) KClO3+P(r) --> e) Na2SO3(dd)+S --> f) Na2S(dd)+S --> g) Na2SO4(r)+C Bai 19: Hay d oan san pham va can bang cac phng trnh hoa hoc sau: a) Na2S2O3(dd) + I2(dd) --> b) Na2S2O3(dd) + Cl2(dd) --> c) H2SeO4(dd) + HCl(dd) --> d) SO2(k) + Cl2(k) --> e) H2S(k) + FeCl3(dd) --> f) Na2SO3(dd) + KI(dd) --> Bai 20: Viet phng trnh hoa hoc phan huy nhiet cua cac muoi sau ay: KNO3, Ca(NO3)2, Cu(NO3)2, Pb(NO3)2, AgNO3, Hg(NO3)2, NH4NO3, NH4NO2, (NH4)2Cr2O7. Bai 21: Da vao cac gia tr nhiet ong tra cac bang hay d oan san pham va can bang cac phng trnh hoa hoc sau: a) Ti(r) + HF(dd)+ HNO3(dd) --> b) Ti(r) + HF(dd) --> c) Ti(r) + NaOH(am ac)+ H2O --> d) Ti(r) + Cl2(k) -->

e) TiCl3(dd) + HCl(dd)+O2+ H2O --> f) TiCl3(dd) + FeCl3(dd) --> g) Ti(r) + HCl() --> h) TiO2(r) + C(r) + Cl2(k) --> Bai 22: Hay d oan san pham va can bang cac phng trnh hoa hoc sau: a) CrO3+HI(dd) I2 + --> b) NaCrO2(dd)+KMnO4(dd) --> c) Cr3+ + MnO4- + OH- --> d) C2H5OH(dd)+K2Cr2O7(dd)+H2SO4 --> e) Cr3++ Br2 +OH- --> BAI TAP CHNG 1: NGUYEN T * Bai 1: Nguyen t cua mot nguyen to A co tong so hat proton, ntron, electron la 48, trong o so hat mang ien gap hai lan so hat khong mang ien. Viet cau hnh electron cua nguyen t nguyen to A. Xac nh v tr cua A trong bang he thong tuan hoan. * Bai 2: Cho 3 nguyen to A, B, D (ZA < ZB < ZC). - A, B cung mot phan nhom chnh va 2 chu ky kien tiep trong bang tuan hoan. - B, D la 2 nguyen to ke can nhau trong 1 chu ky. - Tong so proton trong 2 hat nhan A, B la 24. Xac nh A, B, D va v tr cua A, B, D trong bang he thong tuan hoan. * Bai 3: Mot hp chat cau tao t cation M+ va anion X2-. Trong phan t M2X co tong so hat p, n, e la 140. Trong o so hat mang ien nhieu hn so hat khong mang ien la 44 hat. So khoi cua ion M+ ln hn so khoi cua ion X2- la 23. Tong so hat trong ion M+ nhieu hn trong ion X2- la 31. a)Viet cau hnh electron cac ion M+ va X2-. b)Xac nh v tr cua M va X trong bang tuan tuan hoan. * Bai 4: Hp chat A c tao thanh t cation X+ va anion Y-. Phan t A cha 9 nguyen t, gom 3 nguyen to phikim. Ty le so nguyen t cua moi nguyen to la 2:3:4. Tong so proton trong A la 42 va trong ion Y- cha 2 nguyen to cung chu ky, thuoc hai phan nhon chnh lien tiep. Xac nh cong thc hoa hoc va goi ten A. * Bai 5: Hp chat A co cong thc phan t M2X. Tong so hat trong A la 116, trong o so hat mang ien nhieu hn so hat khong mang ien la 36. Khoi lng nguyen t X ln hn M la 9. Tong so 3

loai hat trong X2- nhieu hn trong M+ la 17. a) Xac nh M, X. b) Cho 2,34g hp chat A tac dung vi dd M(NO3)2 thu 2,8662g ket tua B. Xac nh nguyen t lng M. Nguyen to M co 2 ong v Y, Z. Biet tong so khoi la 128, so nguyen t cua ong v Y bang 0,37 so nguyen t cua ong v Z. Xac nh so khoi cua Y, Z. * Bai 6: Mot hp chat A co cong thc MX2, trong o M chiem 46,67% ve khoi lng. M la mot kim loai, X la phi kim chu ky 3. Trong hat nhan M co n - p=4, trong hat nhan cua X co n=p. Tong so proton trong MX2 la 58. Hay xac nh M,X va v tr cua chung trong bang he thong tuan hoan. Ty so ( ZA + ZC ) / ZB = 3 Nguyen t C co electron cuoi cung ng vi bo 4 so lng t: n = 3, l = 1, m = 0, mS = - a) Viet cau hnh electron cua C. Xac nh v tr cua C trong bang he thong tuan hoan t osuy ra nguyen to C b) Tnh ZA, ZB. Suy ra nguyen to A, B c) Xac nh trang thai vat ly cua hp chat vi Hiro cua A, B, C. giai thch s khac nhau gia cac trang thai nay. d) Hp chat X tao bi 3 nguyen to A, B , C co cong thc ABC. Viet cong thc cau tao cua X va goi ten X. e) trang thai long, X co tnh dan ien. Cho biet X c hnh thanh bang lien ket g? * Bai 7: a) Trong mot nguyen t trung hoa ien co 6 electron, khoi lng nguyen t bang 12 vC. Tnh so proton, ntron trong nguyen t o. b)Trong mot nguyen t, tong so hat mang ien la 26, khoi lng hat nhan la 27 vC. Tnh so proton, ntron, va khoi lng cua nguyen t o. * Bai 8: Mot nguyen t khi mat bt electron bien thanh ion dng. Khi nhan them electron bien thanh ion am. Tri tuyet oi cua ien tch ion bang ung so electron ma nguyen t mat i hay nhan them. Cho hai ion R4+ va R4. So ntron trong hai ion nay eu bang 14. so electron trong ion R4+ bang 10. Hay viet ky hieu hat nhan cua hai ion o. Tnh so electron trong nguyen t trung hoa ien R va trong ion R4. * Bai 9: Mot nguyen t k hieu la R co tong so cac hat proton, ntron, electron bang 24. a) Viet ky hieu hat nhan cua nguyen to va goi ten nguyen to o, b) Viet cau hnh electrpn cua nguyen t va cua ion R2 .

c) Cho biet trong nguyen t o co bao nhieu obital co electron chiem gi. * Bai 10: Cho hai nguyen t A va A co so khoi lan lt bang 79 va 81. Hieu so gia so ntron va so electron trong nguyen t A la 9 con trong nguyen t B la 11 a) Cho biet A va A co phai la ong v vi nhau hay khong? b) Neu tron lan hai loai nguyen t A va A theo ty le la: .th tap hp cac nguyen t thu c co khoi lng nguyen t trung bnh bang bao nhieu? c) Tap hp cac nguyen t o co phai la mot nguyen to hoa hoc hay khong. Neu la mot nguyen to th nguyen to o chiem v tr nao trong bang HTTH? * Bai 11: Cho hp chat co dang MX , M la kim loai X la phi kim . Tong p , n , e trong MX la 96. Trong o tong hat mang ien ln hn tong so hat khong mang ien la 16 . Tong so hat trong X ln hn tong so hat trong M la 18. Tong so hat trong hat nhan X ln hn tong so hat trong