MT S VN V XY DNG NH NC PHP QUYN VIT NAM X HI CH NGHA CA DN, DO DN V V DN

NGUYN TRNG THC (*) Hin nay chng ta ang tng bc xy dng Nh nc php quyn Vit Nam x hi ch ngha (XHCN) ca dn, do dn v v dn. Ch khi c mt Nh nc nh vy mi c th pht huy c quyn dn ch ca nhn dn, m bo quyn sng, quyn c lm vic, c lao ng, c hc hnh, c m bo an ninh trt t, an ton x hi. N nh hng ti s lnh mnh ca nn dn ch, ti cuc sng v s phn ca tng ngi dn, ti chiu hng pht trin ca x hi. Xy dng Nh nc php quyn XHCN ca dn, do dn v v dn trn mi lnh vc ca i sng x hi. Trong Nh nc , dn ch i i vi k cng trt t, c th ch ho thnh php lut, trong khun kh ca php lut. Nh nc php quyn XHCN ca dn, do dn v v dn biu hin trc tip sc mnh ca h thng chnh tr di s lnh o ca ng Cng sn. l mt nh nc i din cho quyn lc chn chnh ca nhn dn; mt t chc nh nc da trn nn dn ch, v dn ch v do bng php lut v v cng l. lm c nhng iu cn phi gii quyt tt mt s ni dung ch yu sau y: 1. m bo mi li ch v quyn hnh u thuc v nhn dn. m bo mi li ch v quyn hnh u thuc v nhn dn, nht thit phi gii quyt nhng vn kinh t - x hi, pht trin s nghip gio dc, vn ho, y t tt c cc yu t phi tin hnh ng thi, nhng phi u tin cho nhng vn kinh t, chm lo tt hn n cuc sng hnh phc v mi nhu cu phong ph, a dng ca con ngi. Tt c nhng iu phi da trn c s ca s pht trin kinh t, nht l khi t nc cn ngho nh hin nay. Bi vy, nu thot ly s tng trng kinh t, t ra nhng yu cu qu cao i vi cc lnh vc vn ho x hi l khng thc t. Nhng cng s l sai lm, nu ch coi trng pht trin kinh t, li ch v vn ho x hi ca nhn dn. Thc tin nhng nm qua cho thy nu khng ch trng xy dng v pht trin gio dc, vn ho, y t, phc li cng cng, cho nhng mt ny yu km v xung cp th chng nhng nh hng xu ti vic chm lo bi dng, pht huy nhn t con ngi, m cn km hm ngun lc thc y kinh t pht trin. Nhn dn l ngi sng t ra lch s cho nn nhn dn l ngun gc ca quyn lc. Trong x hI XHCN, quyn lc Nh nc c bt ngun t nhn dn, ca nhn dn, do nhn dn v v nhn dn. V vy, trong cng cuc i mi Nh nc hin nay, phi ra sc pht trin v hon thin ch

i din, lm cho n thc s th hin bn cht nhn dn ca Nh nc ta. Mt Nh nc nh vy mi m bo quyn con ngi sng trong ho bnh, c lp, t do; c quyn lm ch t nc, lm ch x hi v lm ch bn thn mnh; c quyn c cuc sng m no, bnh ng v hnh phc. Tn trng quyn ca mi con ngi (quyn bnh ng ca cng dn trc php lut, bnh ng dn tc, bnh ng nam n, t do tn ngng v khng tn ngng cng nh cc quyn t do, dn ch khc) phi gn vi ngha v v trch nhim ca mi ngi trc t nc v x hi. Mun m bo mi li ch v quyn hnh u thuc v nhn dn, phi kin quyt u tranh chng li nhng hin tng vi phm php lut m ni bt l tham nhng v bun lu, xm phm cc quyn t do, dn ch ca cng dn; lm hng gi, trn gian ln thu gy tn tht ln cho Nh nc v nhn dn. chnh l tm t, nguyn vng v cng l i hi ca nhn dn i vi Nh nc, thng qua Nh nc. Vic ca t nc l vic ca nhn dn. V vy, cn phi tp hp rng ri mi lc lng qun chng nhn dn, pht huy y kh nng v tr tu ca ton dn cng lo vic nc. Hn na, mi quyn hnh ch thuc v nhn dn khi c mt c ch thch hp nhn dn c th trc tip gim st cc hot ng ca Quc hi v i biu Quc hi, ca Hi ng nhn dn v i biu Hi ng nhn dn cc cp, cng nh gim st mi hot ng ca cc c quan Nh nc v vin chc Nh nc. Phi c c ch thch hp c tri c th by t s tn nhim hay bt tn nhim ca mnh i vi i biu Quc hi v i biu Hi ng nhn dn m mnh bu ra, to iu kin cc i biu gn b hn vi c tri, cao thc trch nhim ca ngi i din nhn dn, phi lun xng ng vi s tn nhim ca dn. Ch tch H Ch Minh khng nh: Nc ta l nc dn ch, bao nhiu li ch u v dn, bao nhiu quyn hn u ca dn Chnh quyn t x n Chnh ph Trung ng do dn c ra. (1) Mun m bo mi li ch v quyn hnh u thuc v nhn dn, phi chin thng c ngho nn v lc hu, pht trin kinh t, vn ho, ci thin i sng nhn dn, xy dng v tng bc hon thin nn dn ch lm cho dn giu, nc mnh v bo v vng chc c lp, ch quyn v ton vn lnh th quc gia. 2. Gii quyt mi quan h cng dn Nh nc l mi quan h chnh tr c bn xy dng Nh nc php quyn ca dn, do dn v v dn. C s gii quyt mi quan h cng dn Nh nc trong Nh nc php quyn XHCN l vn quyn v ngha v ca tt c mi ngi c php lut ghi nhn v bo v. Trong Nh nc php quyn c ngha v tn trng gi tr cao nht l con ngi; Nh nc ra php lut, ng thi phi tun th php lut v bo m cho cng dn c chng li chnh s tu tin ca Nh nc. iu c ngha l Nh nc phi to ra cho

cng dn s bo m rng ngi ta khng b i hi ci ngoi hoc trn nhng iu kin quy nh trong Hin php v php lut (2). Mt khc, con ngi l mc tiu v gi tr cao nht. Do , Nh nc phi m bo cho cng dn s an ton php l, c hng cc quyn v t do c bn vi phm, k c t pha cc c quan Nh nc v nhng ngi c chc v. Chnh v vy, mt mt Nh nc ra php lut; mt khc, chnh Nh nc, cc c quan Nh nc, nhng ngi c chc v u c ngha v bt buc phi tun th trit php lut, khng c mt t chc Nh nc hoc cng chc no c t mnh ng ngoi php lut, ng trn php lut. Mi ngi v mi t chc hp php u bnh ng trc php lut. Cng vi nguyn tc ny, Nh nc ta tin ti thc hin nguyn tc khng cm, tt nhin phi trong khun kh ca nn o c XHCN v tn trng li ch ca x hi v ca ngi khc. Nguyn tc ny bo m mt mt chng li biu hin lng quyn, lm quyn v mt khc chng nhng hnh vi t do, v chnh ph. Gii quyt mi quan h cng dn Nh nc l xy dng ch trch nhim qua li gia Nh nc v cng dn (c nhn), tc l gia mt bn l ngi i din quyn lc Nh nc v mt bn va l ch th, va l khch th ca quyn lc Nh nc. y, Nh nc xc nh cho mnh, cho cc c quan Nh nc v nhng ngi c chc v trch nhim php l r rng v cc hnh vi ca h. Cng dn c m bo quyn v kh nng bt buc c quan Nh nc v nhng ngi c chc v phi chp hnh php lut, thc thi trch nhim ca mnh i vi h. Mun gii quyt mi quan h gia cng dn v Nh nc th Nh nc phi t mc tiu ca mnh l phc v li ch chnh ng ca dn. Hn na, vic ca t nc l vic ca dn, cho nn mun lm vic ca dn, cho nn mun lm vic ca t nc th phi tp hp rng ri, pht huy kh y nng v tr tu ca ton dn cng lo vic nc. ng thi phi xy dng mt c ch nhn dn kim sot c hiu qu i vi cc c quan Nh nc v nhn vin Nh nc. Lin quan ti vn ny, phi tng bc hon thin ch dn ch i din, nhng cn ht sc coi trng vic pht huy quyn dn ch trc tip ca nhn dn, to thnh thi quen tt trong sinh hot x hi. Nh nc php quyn XHCN l Nh nc ca dn, do dn bu ra. Do , mt khi Nh nc khng cn v dn, ngha l n khng p ng c li ch v nguyn vng ca nhn dn c quyn by t s bt tn nhim i vi ni. l c s Bc H ni rng: Nu Chnh ph lm hi dn th dn c quyn ui Chnh ph. (3) Trong cc ch c, Nh nc l b my ca giai cp bc lt dng thng tr v p bc nhn dn; cho nn vin chc, quan li t xng l cha m

dn, u ci c dn. Trong ch dn ch XHCN, ngi ch Nh nc l nhn dn; ngi cn b Nh nc l do dn la chn, c nhn dn y quyn l cng bc; lm cn b l lm y t cho nhn dn, ch khng phi l lm quan Cch mng(4). Trong cc c quan Nh nc, cn b va l lnh o, va l ngi hng dn ca nhn dn. Do , nu khng c nhn dn th Chnh ph khng lc lng. Nu khng c Chnh ph, th nhn dn khng c ai dn ng(5). Chnh v vy, trong Di chc ca mnh, Ch tch H Ch Minh nhc nh cn b, ng vin phi lm th no xng ng va l ngi lnh o, va l ngi y t ca nhn dn. L ngi y t, cn b phi trung thnh, tn ty, cn kim lim chnh, ch cng v t, lo trc thin h, vui sau thin h L ngi lnh o th phI c tr tu hn ngi, minh mn, sng sut, nhn xa trng rng, gn gi v trng dng nhng ngi hin ti, c . Bi vy, ngi thay mt v ngi i din cho dn phi l ngi c c, c ti, phi va hin li va minh. 3. Xy dng Nh nc php quyn Vit Nam XHCN ca dn, do dn v v dn phi da trn truyn thng, c im dn tc, nht l truyn thng chnh tr ca t nc. Ngay t khi Nh nc Vn Lang c hnh thnh v qua hu ht cc triu i phong kin trc y, trong khng t trng hp chnh quyn Nh nc ng vai tr t chc ton th dn tc chng gic ngoi xm. Khi , Nh nc i din cho quyn li c bn sng cn ca c dn tc l c lp, ch quyn v ton vn lnh th quc gia. Trong quan h vi phong kin Trung Hoa trc y, Nh nc i Vit v hnh thc th mm do, khn kho, nhng mc tiu bo v c lp t ch ca quc gia th ht sc kin nh. Trong hn 10 th k Bc thuc t chc b my Nh nc v ch quan chc ca cc triu i nc ta tuy chu nh hng ca Nho gio v Pht gio, nhng chng vn c ci bin cho ph hp vi c im chnh tr - x hi Vit Nam v chu nh hng ca vn ho bn a tng tn ti trc n v cng vi n. Sut c 10 th k y, ng cha ta u tranh chng Bc thuc, chng ng ho, ginh c lp dn tc v gi gn bn sc vn ho dn tc; ng thi cng bit tip thu c chn lc nhng thnh tu chnh tr - vn ho ca phong kin phng Bc xy dng Nh nc c lp t ch theo hnh thc Nh nc Trung ng tp quyn. S tip thu l mt tt yu lch s. Trong sut thi k b thc dn Php thng tr, dn tc Vit Nam kin cng u tranh nhm ginh c lp dn tc. Cc phong tro yu nc vo nhng nm cui ca th k XIX, u th k XX (nh phong tro Cn Vng do cc s phu phong kin yu nc lnh o nhm ti dng mt Nh nc qun ch an ninh; phong tro ng Du ca Phan Bi Chu nhm xy

dng mt chnh th nh nc Nht t sn qun ch ngh vin; phong tro ng Kinh Ngha Thc ca Phan Chu Trinh nhm thit lp mt quc gia c lp theo m hnh ca Php - Cng ho i ngh t sn; phong tro ca Vit Nam Quc Dn ng theo gng ca Cch mng Tn Hi Trung Quc) u nhm gii phng dn tc v thit lp Nh nc theo m hnh dn ch t sn. Mc tiu ca nhng phong tro u tranh trn u khng cn ph hp vi hon cnh lch s t nc nn b tht bi. Thng li v vang ca Cch mng thng Tm nm 1945 do ng Cng sn Vit Nam v Ch tch H Ch Minh lnh o a lch s dn tc Vit Nam ni chung v lch s Nh nc ta ni ring bc sang mt trang s mi. Di s lnh o ca ng, Nh nc ta c nhng ng gp to ln trong qu trnh Cch mng, xng ng l cng c c lc ca nhn dn trong cng cuc u tranh ginh v bo v c lp dn tc, trong t chc v xy dng cuc sng mi, x hi mi ph hp vi nhng truyn thng lch s v bn sc dn tc Vit Nam. Ngy nay, trong nn kinh t hng ho nhiu thnh phn vn hnh theo c ch th trng vi nh hng i ln ch ngha x hi; vic m ca i vi bn ngoi sau khi bnh thng ho quan h vi M; nhng yu cu dn ch ho i sng x hi ang i hi b my Nh nc phi c i mi theo hng xy dng Nh nc php quyn XHCN. Vic xy dng Nh nc php quyn Vit Nam khng phi l quay lng li vi qu kh v vang, xy dng li t u mt b my Nh nc theo mt ng hng khc, m l k tha v nng ln tm cao mi nhng gi tr truyn thng ca Nh nc xy dng v tng bc hon thin Nh nc php quyn Vit Nam XHCN. 4. Xy dng quyn lc Nh nc ca cc cng dn trn nn tng mt h thng php lut ngy cng hon thin. T tng v xy dng quyn lc Nh nc trong quan h x hi ca cc cng dn thc cht l gii quyt mi quan h gia quyn lc vi php lut. Trong php lut l c s duy tr quyn lc Nh nc, bn thn Nh nc va l cng c t chc ca giai cp, li va l hnh thc thc hin quyn lc cng khai. V vy, Nh nc ch c th biu hin ch ph bin v quyn lc cng khai ca mnh i vi x hi, vi mi cng dn thng qua php lut. Xy dng quyn lc Nh nc trong quan h x hi ca cc cng dn l xy dng mt h thng php lut trn nn dn ch thc s, xut pht t nhn dn v v nhn dn. Php lut phi nh hng mi cng dn v t chc x hi vn ti ci chn, thin, m, vn ti t do ch thc ca con ngi. t c mc ch , php lut phi khch quan, cng bng, bnh ng v dn ch, ly quyn con ngi, gii phng con ngi lm trung tm xy dng quyn lc Nh nc. Quyn lc Nh nc phi thuc v nhn

dn, phi th hin ch ca nhn dn, l s phn nh khch quan cc nhu cu x hi, thc y tin b x hi. Mt khc, khi t ra cc thit ch ca mnh trong khun kh php lut, hoc thit lp c ch kim tra tnh hp php, hp hin ca cc o lut, cc c quan quyn lc Nh nc cng phi lm sao cho h thng php lut c xy dng trn s t do v cc quyn cng dn c bo m. Php lut XHCN th hin ch chung ca x hi, c bo m bng sc mnh cng ng. Nh nc tn trng php lut nh mt gi tr x hi chung; ng thi quyn lc Nh nc l c s, l tin quan trng nht bo m cho php lut c c bn cht php l ca n. H thng php lut ca Nh nc lun l ch da cho vic t chc v hot ng ca quyn lc lm gi cho vic xc nh cc mc tiu ca quyn lc Nh nc l v con ngi, v x hi ca cc cng dn. V vy, mi thit ch quyn lc Nh nc phI thc s bo m tnh cng bng, bnh ng v dn ch ca x hi cng dn. Bo m trn nguyn tc mi ngi u bnh ng trc php lut. Xy dng quyn lc Nh nc trong quan h vi x hi ca cc cng dn l bo m cho mi cng dn c hng nhng quyn t do vn c ca h v khng th b tc b. Nhng s t do ca mi cng dn phi dn ti s thng nht ca c trt t x hi. S thng nht chng li mi s chim ot quyn lc Nh nc bi cc c nhn chuyn quyn ng bn trn v bn ngoi dn, hoc l loi b s v trch nhim v bt lc ca nhng ngi cm quyn. Chnh v vy, mI ngI dn l mt gi tr tuyt i ca quyn lc Nh nc ch khng th l cng c ca bt k ai, d l c mu tt p nht (6). Thc cht quyn lc Nh nc l quyn lc ca mi cng dn lin hip li to thnh Nh nc, chnh cng dn giao cho ngi i din ca mnh tha hnh quyn lc . C quan Nh nc t n khng c quyn m ch tha hnh quyn lc do cng dn u nhim. V vy, cng dn mi tht s l ch th ca quyn lc Nh nc. Xy dng quyn lc Nh nc trong mi quan h vi x hi ca cc cng dn l gii quyt mu thun gia quyn lc Nh nc tp trung vi quyn lc v t do ca cng dn. X hi phi c quyn lc Nh nc tp trung, nhng khng phi mi nhu cu ca ngi lao ng Nh nc u lo c. Bi v khng gian quyn lc Nh nc l c gii hn, cn i vi c nhn t do th khng gian l v tn (7). Do xy dng quyn lc Nh nc l phi to ra mt h thng chnh tr lm cho hai mt trn tr thnh iu kin v nguyn nhn ca nhau. Trong hai mt , mt cng dn l nn tng, l ngn ngun, l mc ch ca mi quyn lc Nh nc. Chnh v vy, Nh nc php quyn XHCN l Nh nc ca dn, do dn v v dn.

5.Nh nc php quyn XHCN phi c t chc v vn hnh theo nguyn tc tp trung dn ch di s lnh o ca ng Cng Sn. Tp trung dn ch l nguyn tc cn bn, l mt yu cu t nhin v tt yu ca vic xy dng Nh nc php quyn v nn dn ch XHCN vi t cch l mt ch chnh tr. V nu khng c dn ch thng qua bn bc, tho lun, tranh lun chn mt gii php hp l nht th khng th to c s thng nht tht s. Nhng khng c tp trung chuyn s thng nht t quan nim, nhn thc sang hnh ng, th khng bao gi dn ch tr thnh mt gi tr hin thc, mt kt qu thc t c vt cht ho m con ngi c th kim nghim, cm nhn c mt cch trc tip nh cm n, nc ung hng ngy. Tp trung dn ch trong Nh nc php quyn XHCN l s cn thit hp l cho dn ch trnh c nhng thi xu t hi ca th dn ch bt chp php lut, k cng, vt qu hnh ng php l ri vo t do, hn lon, ph phch, v chnh ph. N bo m cho cc c quan quyn lc khng th tr nn nhu nhc, bt lc m c thc quyn. N kt hp tnh tn trng dn ch, tn trng cc quyt nh ca tp trung vi tinh thn trch nhim ca cc t chc v cc c nhn c quyn lc. im quan trng ca nguyn tc tp trung dn ch trong qun l Nh nc theo tinh thn ca Nh nc php quyn l cao tinh thn tn trng php lut, hot ng hp hin, hp php, thc hin s bnh ng ca mi t chc v c nhn trc php lut, xc lp rnh mch quy ch, chc trch, bn phn cng chc trc Nh nc v x hi. l c s khng nh rng: s kt hp ng n tp trung v dn ch l yu t quyt nh sc mnh v hiu lc ca b my Nh nc ta. - Tng cng s lnh o ca ng i vi Nh nc php quyn XHCN l nhm m bo cho Nh nc mang bn cht ca giai cp cng nhn, thc s l Nh nc ca dn, do dn, v dn. Hot ng ca ng th hin bn cht cch mng v khoa hc ca ch ngha Mc Lnin v t tng H Ch Minh. S lnh o ca ng to iu kin phi hp v pht huy sc mnh tng hp ca h thng chnh tr, gip Nh nc hon thnh thun li mi nhim v ca mnh. ng lnh o Nh nc c th hin bng nhng phng thc khc nhau. Mt l, ng lnh o Nh nc n th ch ho ng n lp trng, cc quan im chnh tr c bn ca mnh. Hai l, ng nh hng hot ng ca Nh nc vo vic t chc thc hin c hiu qu nhng ngh quyt c th ch ho . Ba l, ng lnh o cng tc cn b ngay trong lnh vc Nh nc tng cng s lnh o ca ng i vi Nh nc, phi i mi v chnh n ng, nng cao nng lc lnh o v sc chin u ca ng. Vai tr lnh o ca ng i vi Nh nc khng phi nh vo uy quyn,

mnh lnh, m trnh nng lc vch ra ng hng chnh tr ng n v thng qua cng tc tuyn truyn, thuyt phc, lm cho mi t chc v ton x hi t gic chp nhn, tnh gng mu v vai tr tin phong chin u ca t chc ng, ca i ng cn b, ng vin; s gn b, tn nhim ca qun chng i vi ng; s trong sch, vng mnh v bn lnh chnh tr, t tng v t chc ca ng. i mi, chnh n ng bao gm i mi ni dung v phng thc lnh o ca ng, xc nh ng mi quan h gia ng v Nh nc; ng lnh o Nh nc, lnh o xy dng nn php ch, nhng ng v mi ng vin hot ng trong khun kh hin php v php lut, gng mu chp hnh chnh sch v php lut; ng khng ln sn Nh nc, khng lm thay Nh nc. Hin nay v tr, vai tr lnh o ca ng cng sn i vi Nh nc php quyn XHCN Vit Nam l khng th c mt lc lng chnh tr no c th thay th c. Vn khng ch mang tnh nguyn tc c khng nh t l lun Mc Lnin, t tng H Ch Minh, m con l kt lun chc chn c rt ra t thc tin ca cch mng Vit Nam t khi ng ra i n nay. 6. Xy dng Nh nc php quyn Vit Nam phi ph hp vi nhng gi tr ph bin tin b ca nhn loi. Quan nim v mt Nh nc c tr v Lm chnh tr phi ta vo Nhn ca Khng T l im ta xy dng mt Nh nc l tng thn dn, gn dn, ly dn lm gc. Quan nim c nhng gi tr qu bu m Nh nc php quyn XHCN Vit Nam phi tip thu. Mt khc, nhng nh t tng c i thy c mi lin h gia Nh nc v php lut, vai tr php lut trong t chc, hot ng ca Nh nc, trong php lut phi th hin ch ca dn v phi khch quan, cng bng v bnh ng. T tng Nh nc php quyn t sn trong thi k u cng gn lin vi tng v t do, cng bng, bnh ng, bc i ngn c t tng gii phng to nn nhng ng lc x hi ht sc mnh m cho s gii phng x hi, gii phng giai cp m d mun hay khng vn cn gi nguyn gi tr. Vic xy dng Nh nc php quyn Vit Nam XHCN ca dn, do dn, v dn cng v nhng mc ch . Vt ln trn cc nh t tng t sn, cc nh kinh in ca ch ngha Mc Lnin khng ch dng li lnh vc t tng v s cn thit ca Nh nc php quyn m cn hnh ng cch mng thc hin ho t tng trong x hi. Ch ngha x hi lm nn tng kinh t da trn ch s hu XHCN l biu hin cho vic xy dng Nh nc ca dn, do dn v v dn; ng thi n cng l s biu hin thc t ca t do, bnh ng bc i ca con ngi.

C. Mc vit: T do l bin Nh nc t c quan ng trn x hi, thnh c quan hon ton phc tng x hi, vo thi i chng ta, t do mc cao hn hay thp hn ca cc hnh thc Nh nc c xc nh bi mc chng hn ch t do ca Nh nc. V. I. Lnin tip thu t tng ca C. Mc v Nh nc php lut v pht trin n trong iu kin thc tin mi phi k tha di sn m loi ngi tch lu c; di ch ngha x hi iu tit sn xut v phn phi sn phm cn phi dng php quyn m tnh t sn, do cn Mt Nh nc t sn khng c giai cp t sn. Tip tc t tng ca Lnin, cc nh t tng sau ny khi bn n ni dung, bn cht Nh nc php quyn XHCN khng nh: Khng th nu mt nguyn tc no ca quan im Nh nc php quyn XHCN m cha c xy dng t lu hoc khng c nhng iu tng t trong cc Nh nc thuc cc h thng x hi khc nhau. T quan im , cc nh chnh tr php l v trit hc Mc Lnin v Nh nc php quyn u nhn mnh n cc c trng c bn ca Nh nc php quyn XHCN ca dn, do dn, v dn nh: quyn lc Nh nc thuc v nhn dn, tnh ti cao ca lut, nguyn tc phn quyn v thng nht quyn lc. Trong Nh nc , v bn cht php lut phi m bo tnh khch quan cng bng, bnh ng; php lut m bo quyn con ngi, quyn t do dn ch c quan tm c bit. K tha v pht huy nhng t tng tin b ca nhn loi, ng ta cho rng vic xy dng Nh nc php quyn Vit Nam XHCN ca dn, do dn, v dn phi ph hp vi ch s hu, ch qun l v ch phn phi ca nn kinh t th trng vi nh hng XHCN. Nh nc php quyn XHCN ca dn, do dn, v dn phi ph hp vi tnh cht x hi ho theo hng pht huy cao sng kin ca c nhn, to iu kin cho mi c nhn t do sng to trong mi hot ng ca mnh. lm c iu , Nh nc c vai tr iu tit kinh t tm v m, Nh nc lo cho dn, to iu kin nhn dn thc hin mi chc nng x hi ca mnh. Do vy, chc nng x hi ca Nh nc ngy cng c m rng v i vo chiu su. Trong khi nhn mnh s cn thit phi k tha nhng gi tr nhn loi trong qu trnh xy dng Nh nc php quyn XHCN, chng ta cng khng xem nh truyn thng, c im dn tc, hon cnh c th ca t nc. Nh vy, Nh nc php quyn Vit Nam XHCN ca dn, do dn v v dn va phn nh ci vn c, ang c, li va phn nh c xu hng ang n ca lch s dn tc v ca thi i. SOME ISSUES REGARDING THE BUILDING OF A JURISDICTIONAL GOVERNMENT OF THE SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM WHICH IDS OF, FOR AND BY ITS PEOPLE

NGUYEN TRONG THOC The Socialist Republic of Vietnam which is of, for and by its people, is the demonstration of the organic integration between the nature of the working class and the nationality and humanity. The governmental authority belongs to the people led by the Communist Party. The governmental authority is integrated with the authority distribution and close cooperation among governmental authorities in 3 powers: legislative, executive and judiciary powers. It is a government representing its peoples rights; it is a governmental organization based on democracy, for democracy, by laws and for justice. CH THCH 1. H Ch Minh ton tp, T.5, NXB Chnh tr quc gia, HN 1995, Tr. 698. 2. Nguyn Duy Qu. Mt s suy ngh v vn xy dng Nh nc php quyn nc ta. Tp ch nghin cu Nh nc v php lut, s 2 1992, tr. 13. 3. H Ch Minh ton tp, T.5, NXB Chnh tr quc gia, HN 1995, tr. 60. 4. H Ch Minh ton tp, T.5, NXB Chnh tr quc gia, HN 1996, tr. 375. 5. H Ch Minh ton tp, T.5, NXB Chnh tr quc gia, HN 1995, tr. 56. 6. Chnh tr hc. Hc vin Chnh tr quc gia H Ch Minh, HN 1994, tr. 197. 7. Chnh tr hc. Hc vin Chnh tr quc gia H Ch Minh, HN 1994, tr. 199. 8. Ngh quyt Hi ngh Trung ng ln th 8 Kho VII, HN 1995, tr. 24.