CHUYN CH HNG HA NGOI THNG BNG NG BIN

NI DUNG
1.
2. 3.

KHI QUT CHUNG NGHIP V THU TU CH NGHIP V THU TU CHUYN

c im kinh t k thut ca vn ti ng bin

Nng

lc vn chuyn ln Chuyn ch tt c cc loi hng ho Chi ph u t xy dng cc tuyn ng hng hi thp Gi thnh vn ti bin thp Tiu th nhin liu/ tn trng ti thp, cao hn vn ti ng sng

Nhc im
Vn ti ng bin ph thuc rt nhiu vo iu kin t nhin, iu kin hng hi Nhng ri ro thin tai, tai nn bt ng ngoi bin Tc ca tu bin cn thp v vic tng tc khai thc ca tu bin cn b hn ch khong 14-20 hi l/ gi khng thch hp vi chuyn ch cc loi hng ha c yu cu giao hng nhanh

Phm vi p dng

Vn ti ng bin thch hp vi chuyn ch hng ho trong bun bn quc t.

Vn ti ng bin thch hp vi chuyn ch hng ho c khi lng ln, chuyn ch trn c ly di nhng khng i hi thi gian giao hng nhanh chng.

Tc dng ca vn ti ng bin i vi bun bn quc t.

80% khi lng hng ha, VN 95%

Thay i c cu mt hng, ngun hng Thc y quan h quc t, m rng th trng

Tc ng n cn cn thanh ton

C s vt cht k thut ca vn ti ng bin

Cc tuyn ng bin:
L cc tuyn ng ni hai hay nhiu cng vi nhau trn tu bin hot ng ch khch hoc hng ho.

Quc t Ven b Knh o

Shipping schedule
ETD FEEDER VOY HCM HKG ETA CONNECTING VESSEL XIN CHANG SHU V.78E ETD HKG ETA LOS ANGELES ETA ETA ETA DALLAS OKLAHOM TUCSON A

(Schedule is subject to change without prior notice)

ANTIGONI

818/N 22/01 24/01

26/01

09/02

14/02

15/02

17/02

AUSTRALIA STAR

824/N 29/01 31/01 CSCL KOBE V.115E 02/02

19/02

24/02

25/02

27/02

MAREN S

11/N 04/02 07/02

XIN QIN HUANG DAO V.100E

09/02

24/02

01/03

02/03

04/03

ASIA STAR

24/N 12/02 14/02 XIN PU DONG V.92E 16/02

02/03

07/03

08/03

10/03

AUSTRALIA STAR

825/N 19/02 21/02

XIN NING BO V.144E XIN CHANG SHU V.80E

23/02

09/03

14/03

15/03

17/03

MAREN S

12/N 26/02 28/02

02/03

16/03

21/03

22/03

24/03

ASIA STAR

25/N 05/03 07/03 CSCL KOBE V.117E 09/03

23/03

28/03

29/03

31/03

Knh Suez (1859-1869) L: 172m / W: 200m/ D: 19.5m

Knh Panama (1879-1914) L: 250km / W: 91m/ D: 11m

Knh KRA (Thailand) L: 202km / W: 500m/ D: 25m

C s vt cht k thut ca vn ti ng bin

Cng bin:
L ni ra vo neo u ca tu bin, l ni phc v tu v hng ho trn tu L u mi giao thng quan trng ca mt quc gia c bin.

CANG SG KV1: TAN CANG/ CAT LAI CANG SG KV2: NHA RONG/ KHANH HOI HIEP PHUOC CANG SG KV3: TAN THUAN/ BEN NGHE/ VICT CANG SG KV4: ICD (INLAND CLEARANCE DEPOT): PHUOC LONG/ TRANSIMEX/ TANAMEXCO

Trang thit b
Bn cng: Terminals Cu tu: Wharf/ Quay Bn phao: Buoy berth Kho: Warehouse/ CFS Bi: Open storage/ Container Yard V.v

Tu bin

Phng tin vn ti bin ch yu l tu bin, tu bin c hai loi: tu bun v tu qun s.

Tu bun l nhng tu bin c dng vo mc ch kinh t trong hng hi. Bao gm: tu vn ti hng ha, tu vn ti hnh khch, tu nh c, tu hoa tiu, tu ko Tu ch hng (Cargo ship) l loi chim t l cao nht trong i tu bun.

Ro-Ro

LO-LO

CARGO HOLD

Mt s c trng (SGK)

Tn tu (Ships name) Cp hng (Ships class) C tu (Flag) Cng ng k (Port of register) Kch thc tu (Dimension of ship) Mn nc (Load line/ Plimsoll mark) Trng ti/ sc ch ca tu (Deadweight tonnage-DWT) Dung tch ng k tnh (Net Register TonnageNRT)

Mt s c trng (SGK)
Dung tch ng k gp (Gross Register Tonnage- GRT) Hm tu (Cargo Hold) My tu ( Ships engine) Cng c xp d ( loading/ discharging tools)

1m3=35.3 cu ft
Type of cargo Iron ore Grain (heavy) Coal Woodchips Containers (Teus) Cars Light crude oil Heavy crude oil Water

Stowage factor (cu ft/t) (m3/t) 14 0.40 45 1.30 48 1.40 90 2.50 56105 1.63.0 150 4.2 37.6 1.07 33.7 0.95 35.3 1

Ai thu phng tin vn ti?

Incoterms

THU TAU CH-LINER

Nghip v thu tu ch
Tu ch (Liner): ch hng thng xuyn trn mt tuyn ng nht nh. Gh vo cc cng quy nh v theo mt lch trnh nh trc. Theo s quy nh ca ch tu v ngi chuyn ch.
Tu

Nghip v thu tu ch
Thu tu ch / lu cc tu ch (Liner Booking Space)ch hng (shipper) lin h vi ch tu (Carrier/ Shipping Line)/ i l ca ch tu (Agent for the carrier):
-

Thu mt phn chic tu T cng n cng Tr cc ph theo biu cc nh sn (Tariff).

Mi quan h
-

Chng t vn chuyn do hai bn tho thun Ph bin nht l vn n ng bin (Bill of lading) theo cc iu khon in sn ca vn n ng bin/ ngun lut

c im
Lch trnh cng b trc Hp ng chuyn ch l chng t vn chuyn cc iu kin, iu khon chuyn ch in sn. Cc ph thng bao gm c chi ph xp d hng ha v c tnh ton theo biu cc (Tariff), c hiu lc tng i di. Khi lng chuyn ch nh, Container

u im
D kin thi gian gi hng v khng phi lo liu vic xp d hng ha ln xung tu. Th tc thu nhanh chng, n gin C c s tnh gi hng cho bn C th gi nhiu lai hng, s lng nhiu hay t

Nhc im
Gi cc thng t hn so vi tu chuyn Ngi thu khng c t do tha thun cc iu kin chuyn ch m phi chp nhn cc iu kin in sn trong vn n ca tu Khng linh hat nu nh cng xp d nm ngai hnh trnh quy nh ca tu

Trnh t cc bc tin hnh thu tu ch

Bc

1: La chn ngi vn chuyn Bc 2: Lu cc (lu khoang) tu ch Booking note. Bc 3: Giao hng v cng cng giao cho tu. Bc 4: Cung cp chi tit nhn mt b vn n (Bill of Lading).

Vn n ng bin BILL OF LADING B/L

Vn n ng bin l mt chng t

chuyn ch hng ho bng ng bin do

ngi chuyn ch (Carrier/ Shipping

Line) hoc i l ca ngi chuyn ch

(Agent) cp cho ngi gi hng (Shipper) sau khi xp hng ln tu hoc sau khi nhn hng xp ln tu

Vn n ng bin BILL OF LADING B/L

Vn n ng bin 3 bn gc Original, Negotiable Cc bn gc c gi tr nh nhau Bn ph Copy, Copy NonNegotiable

MT TRC

S vn n (Number of bill of lading) Ngi gi hng (Shipper) Ngi nhn hng (Consignee) a ch thng bo (Notify address) Tn tu (Vessel hay name of ship), s chuyn (Voyage) Cng xp hng (Port of loading) Cng chuyn ti (Port of Discharge) Cng ch (Port of Destination) K m hiu (marks and numbers)

M t hng ho (Descriptions of goods) S kin (number of packages) Trng lng ton b hay th tch (Gross weight/ mesurement) Cc ph v chi ch (Freight and charges) S bn vn n gc (Number of original bill of lading) Thi gian v a im cp vn n (Place and date of issue) Ch k ca ngi vn ti

MT SAU
Hin nay c 2 ngun lut quc t chnh v vn ti bin, l: Cng c quc t thng nht mt s th l v vn n ng bin, gi tt l Cng c Brussels 1924 (hoc Quy tc Hague) k ngy 25/8/1924 v hai Ngh nh th sa i Cng c Brussels 1924 l: + Ngh nh th sa i Cng c Brussels 1924 k ngy 23/2/1968, gi tt l ngh nh th 1968 (Hague-Visby Rules-1968) + Ngh nh th sa i quy tc Hague Visby k ngy 21/12/1979 (SDR Protocol 1979) Cng c ca Lin hp quc v vn chuyn hng ho bng ng bin k ngy 31/3/1978, gi tt l Cng c Hamburg 1978 c hiu lc t ngy 1/1/1992

Qui tc Hague-Visby Qui tc Hamburg p dng cho nhng hp ng chuyn ch th hin p dng cho tt c hp ng chuyn ch hng bng mt vn n hoc chng t tng t c tnh ho bng ng bin, khng p dng cho cht s hu hng ho trng hp thu tu p dng ti cng xp hng (ni cp vn n), p dng ti cng xp hng hoc cng d hng khng p dng ti cng d hng. nm trong quc gia k cng c Phm vi trch nhim ca ngi chuyn ch i vi Ngi chuyn ch c trch nhim i vi hng hng ho t mc cu n mc cu (tackle to ho k t khi nhn hng cho n khi giao tackle) hng (While carriers charge) Khng p dng i vi hng ho l sc vt sng p dng cho hng ho gm c sc vt sng, hoc chuyn ch trn boong chuyn ch trn boong cng nh di hm hng

C trch nhim vi mt mt, h hng hng ho Chu trch nhim vi nhng mt mt, h hng ngoi tr mt danh sch (17) cc trng hp min v chm tr tr khi ngi chuyn ch chng trch (iu 4) minh c thc hin tt c cc bin php thch ng trnh ri ro xy ra (iu 5)
Gii hn trch nhim bi thng l 666,67 SDR/ Gii hn trch nhim bi thng l 835 SDR/ kin hay 2 SDR/ kg kin hay 2,5 SDR/ kg Thng bo tn tht trao ngay ti lc giao hng Thng bo tn tht trao chm nht sau 1 ngy hoc trong vng 3 ngy i vi hng ho c tn lm vic u tin lin tip hoc trong vng 15 tht khng r rt ngy i vi nhng tn tht khng r rt Thi gian khiu kin l 1 nm Thi gian khiu kin l 2 nm

CHC NNG
- Bin lai nhn hng ch ca ngi chuyn ch

- Bng chng ca hp ng vn ti
- Chng t s hu

PHN LOAI VN N

Cn c vo tnh trng xp d hng ho

Shipped on board bill of lading

Received for shipment bill of lading

SHIPPED ON BOARD DATE:..

DATE OF ISSUE

RECEIVED FOR SHIPMENT DATE:..

3/3 ORIGINALS CLEAN (SHIPPED) ON BOARD BILL OF LADING MADE OUT TO THE ORDER OF KYONGNAM BANK AND NOTIFY THE APPLICANT

PHN LOAI VN N

Cn c vo ph ch ca ngi chuyn ch/ thuyn trng trn vn n

Clean bill of lading

Unclean bill of lading

CLEAN ON BOARD DATE:..

PHN LOAI VN N

Cn c vo quyn chuyn nhng s hu hng ho ghi trn vn n

Straight bill of lading To order Bill of lading To bearer Bill of lading

Shipper

EXPORTER STRAIGHT B/L

Booking NO. B/L NO. HCMI008086 I940043968 Export Reference

Consignee

IMPORTER

Forwarding agent references

Notify party

Also Notify

SAME AS CONSIGNEE

Shipper

EXPORTER TO ORDER B/L

Booking NO. B/L NO. HCMI008086 I940043968 Export Reference

Consignee

TO ORDER OF ISSUING BANK

Forwarding agent references

Notify party

Also Notify

IMPORTER

PHN LOAI VN N

Cn c vo hnh trnh ca hng ho th vn n

Direct bill of lading Through bill of lading Combined Transport bill of lading Multimodal Transport bill of lading

HOCHIMINH CITY PORT OSAKA PORT OSAKA PORT

HOCHIMINH CITY PORT HONGKONG PORT OSAKA PORT

PHN LOAI VN N

Mt s loi vn n khac

Master Bill of lading House Bill of lading Charter Party Bill of lading Surrendered Bill of Lading Seawaybill Switch Bill of Lading

SURRENDERED PLS RELEASE W/O PRESENTATION OF ORIGINAL B/L EXPRESS RELEASE

NGHIP V THU TAU CHUYN (VOYAGE CHARTER)

Nghip v thu tu chuyn

Tu chuyn (Tramp) kinh doanh chuyn ch hng ha trn bin khng theo mt lch trnh nh trc. N thng hat ng chuyn ch trong mt khu vc a l nht nh
Tu

Theo

yu cu ca ngi thu tu

Nghip v thu tu chuyn

-

Thu tu chuyn (Voyage Charter) l ngi ch tu cho ngi ch hng thu ton b chic tu chuyn ch mt khi lng hng ha nht nh gia hai hay nhiu cng v c hng tin cc thu tu (Freight) do hai bn tha thun. Ngi cho thu (Charter) v ngi thu tu (Charterer) hp ng thu tu chuyn (Voyage Charter PartyC/P)

c im
Lch trnh khng c nh yu cu ca ch hng. Hp ng thu tu chuyn (C/P) v vn n ng bin Gi cc c th gm c chi ph xp d hoc khng tho thun ca hai bn. Khi lng chuyn ch ln

u im

Lch trnh linh hot Ngi thu tu khng b rng buc bi nhng quy nh sn. Gi cc thu tu chuyn tng i r

Nhc im
Gi cc thng xuyn bin ng Nghip v thu tu phc tp mt nhiu thi gian giao dch m phn thng qua mi gii hng hi Chuyn ch cc l hng c khi lng ln nh than, qung, ng cc

Trnh t cc bc tin hnh thu tu chuyn

Bc 1: Ngi thu tu thng qua ngi mi gii (Broker) cargo offer yu cu thu tu vn chuyn hng ho cho mnh. Bc 2: Ngi mi gii cho hi tu tm tu Bc 3: Ngi mi gii m phn vi ch tu cc iu khon ca hp ng thu tu nh iu kin chuyn ch, cc ph, chi ph xp d....

Bc 4: Ngi mi gii thng bo kt qu m phn vi ngi thu tu. Bc 5: Ngi thu tu vi ch tu k kt hp ng (H mu) c th gch b hoc b sung nhng iu tho thun cho ph hp Bc 6: Thc hin hp ng

6.1. Giao hng 6.2. Nhn hng

B6.1: Giao hng

Nhn thng bo sn sng xp hng (NOR-Notice of readiness) v k chp nhn NOR. Ch hng lp bng k khai hng ho (Cargo List) v gi cho tu hoc i l ln s xp hng trn tu (Stowage Plan). Tp trung hng ho v khu vc lm hng Lm th tc Hi quan cho hng ha xut khu. K hp ng xp d vi cng Giao cho ngi chuyn ch theo ch dn ca s xp hng, c th s dng dch v kim m (Tally). Nhn Bin lai Thuyn ph (Mates Receipt) xc nhn giao hng xong i bin lai thuyn ph ly vn n.

C/P v B/L
Thc t, tranh chp pht sinh C/P hay B/L:

Trng hp 1: Ngi nhn hng = ngi k hp ng thu tu C/P Trng hp 2: Ngi nhn hng ngi k hp ng thu tu B/L Trng hp 3: B/L chuyn nhng cho ngi khc, khi c tranh chp pht sinh gia ngi chuyn ch vi ngi cm vn n B/L Trng hp 4:Vn n c dn chiu n cc iu khon ca hp ng thu tu: vn n dng vi hp ng thu tu - Bill of lading to be used with charter party C/P

B6.2: Nhn hng

Nhn Arrival Notice t ngi chuyn ch. Trnh vn n ly Lnh giao hng (D/O) Nhn v chp nhn thng bo sn sng d hng cu tu (NOR). Lm th tc Hi quan. K hp ng xp d vi cng, gim st qu trnh d hng, s dng dch v kim m c s lng hng chnh xc Nhn hng t tu hoc a vo bi cng.

Hp ng thu tu chuyn
Hp ng thu tu chuyn ( Charter Party- C/P) l mt hp ng chuyn ch hng ha bng ng bin, trong ngi chuyn ch (Carrier/ Shipowner/Charter) cam kt chuyn ch hng ha t mt hay nhiu cng ny giao cho ngi nhn mt hay nhiu cng khc, cn ngi thu tu (Charterer) cam kt tr cc ph chuyn ch nh tha thun.

Hp ng mu (Standard C/P)
Loi

bch ho:

GENCON

1974, 1976, 1994 (The Baltic And International Maritime Council Uniform General Charter)
NUVOY

1964 1956

SCANCON

Hp ng mu (Standard C/P)
Loi

chuyn dng: NORGRAIN 89: Hip hi mi gii v i l M, ch ng cc SOVCOAL 1962/ POLCOAL 1971 ch than, RUSSWOOD 1933 ch g CUBASUGAR ch ng, SOVORECON ORECON 1950 (cho hng qung), CENTROCON AUSTRAL 1928 (cho hng ng cc) EXONVOY, MOBIVOY96, SHELLVOY ch du

Ni dung ch yu ca hp ng thu tu chuyn

Cc
Ship

bn ca hp ng:

owner/charter Tn + a ch tr Charterer s chnh (place Broker of business)

iu khan v hng ha
Description

of goods Quantity/ Weight/ Measurement Packing: bulk or bag Cargo option: coal and/ or cement, Cement and/or any lawful merchandises More or Less (): MOLOO , MOLCO, Deadfreight

iu khan v tu
Vessels

name / Substitute or Sister ship Nationality/ Flag Building year/ place DWTdeadweight tonnage GRT- gross register tonnage NRT- net register tonnage

Draft/ Draught Length/ Beam Cargo space: grain/ bale capacity/ Coefficient of Loading Present position

iu khan v thi gian tu n cng xp hng (Laydays/ Laycan)

thi gian tu phi n cng xp hng: Vo mt ngy c th Trong mt khang thi gian Thi gian tu n cng xc nh sau, th ch tu phi thng bo cho ngi thu trc ngy tu d kin n
L

Arrived ship
Tu cp cng quy nh hc trong vng thng mi (Berth Charter hay Port Charter) ca cng quy nh trong C/P. Tu sn sng mi mt xp/ d hng ha Tu trao Thng bo sn sng (Notice of Rediness- NOR) cho ngi c ghi trong C/P.

iu khan v cng xp d
Loading port Discharging port Cargo to be discharged

at one port of Vietnam at charterers option

iu khan v cc ph (Freight)
Mc cc (Rate of Freight): deadweight cargo, measurement cargo S lng hng ha tnh cc (Quantity): intaken/ B/L quantity, delivered quantity Thi gian thanh ton tin cc: Freight payable at port of loading: on signing B/L Freight paid at port of destination:

Freight payable before breaking bulk Freight payable after completion of discharge Freight payable concurrent with discharge Advance Freight

iu khan v chi ph xp d
In, Stowage, Trimming, Out Free In (F.I), Free Out (F.O),

Free In and Out

(FIO), FIOST Liner Terms/ Gross Terms/ Berth Terms Free In Liner Out (FILO), Free Out Liner In (LIFO)
Rate:

USD 10.00/ MT FIO

iu khan v thi gian xp d (Laytime)

L khong thi gian do hai bn tho thun dnh cho ngi i thu tu tin hnh cng vic bc hng ln tu hoc d hng khi tu gi l thi gian cho php (Allowed time). Despatch Money Demurrage Money: + 2 tin thng + B pht th lun b pht

iu khan v thi gian xp d (Laytime)

Days: l ngy theo lch, bao gm c ngy ch nht v ngy l. Runing days: nhng ngy k tip nhau trn lch k c ngy l, ngy ch nht. Working days: l nhng ngy lm vic chnh thc (khng bao gm ch nht v ngy l chnh thc) ti cc cng do lut php ca tng nc quy nh. Working Days of 24 hours: l ngy lm vic 24 ting, c 24 ting th tnh l mt ngy, d phi mt nhiu ngy lm vic mi c 24 ting.

iu khan v thi gian xp d (Laytime)

Weather working days- WWD: nhng ngy thi tit tt cho php tin hnh cng vic bc hoc d hng, thng c s dng rng ri trong thc t thu tu. Sundays-S: ngy ngh cui tun do lut php ca tng nc quy nh. Holidays- H: bao gm nhng ngy l quc gia v ngy l quc t.

iu khan v thi gian xp d (Laytime)

Cargo to be loaded and discharge in 10 weather working days of 24 consecutive hours, Sundays, holidays excepted, unless used= WWD, S.H.E.X.U.U Cargo to be loaded and discharge in 10 weather working days of 24 consecutive hours, Sundays, holidays excepted both and even if used= WWD, S.H.E.X.E.I.U Cargo to be loaded and discharge in 10 weather working days of 24 consecutive hours, Sundays, holidays included= WWD, S.H.Inc

NOR- GENCON 1994

thi gian xp d bt u t 13 gi nu thng bo sn sng a ra v chp nhn trc 12 gi cng ngy v t 6 gi sng ngy lm vic hm sau, nu thng bo ny a ra v chp nhn trong gi lm vic bui chiu ngy hm trc Whether in port or not- WIPON Whether in berth or not- WIBON Whether in free pratique or not- WIFON Whether in customs clearance or notWICON

V d
5 WWDSHEXEIU/ GENCON 1994 Dem. Money: Usd 3,000/ day Statement of facts: 9h T215/8 tu n cng, 9h T3 cp cng v 9h30 trao NOR, 15h T4 bt u xp hng v kt thc lc 9h30 ngy T4 24/8. Tnh tin thng/ pht?

iu khan v trch nhim v min trch ca ngi chuyn ch

Chu trch nhim:
Do thiu s cn mn hp l (Due Deligence) lm cho tu khng kh nng i bin. Do xp t hng ho khng tt (Bad stowage), do bo qun hng ho khng chu o.

Khng chu trch nhim

Do thin tai, tai nn bt ng ngoi bin, cp bin Do n t ca tu v my mc Do bn cht ca hng ho Do chy, nhng khng do li ca s quan thu th trn tu. Do chin tranh v cc hot ng b bt, tch thu ca chnh ph.

iu khon cm gi hng (Lien Clause)

Ch tu c quyn cm gi hng ho v cc khon thu ca ngi thu tu khu tr tin cc, tin cc khng, tin pht v nhng thit hi khc, cng nh tt c cc khon tin phi tr cho hp ng, k c chi ph pht sinh t vic khiu ni i bi thng cc khon tin trn

iu khon trng ti (Arbitration Clause)

dng lut Anh/ trng ti London p dng lut M/ trng ti New York Tha thun: VIAC (Vietnamese International Arbitration Center)
p

Cc iu khon khc
Trong hp ng thu tu, cn c nhiu cc iu khon khc trong cn lu : tn tht chung v New Jason (General Average and New Jason/ cp n hng i v n M, nhm buc cc ch hng v ch tu phi cng ng gp tn tht chung), iu khon v hai tu m va nhau cng c li (Both to blame collision clause), iu kin thng bo tu ETA (Expected time of arrival), iu khon kim m (Tally clause)

Fixture Note
Cargo

and quantity: 3000 MTs +/- 10% MOLCO WOOD PALLETS (S.F 1.4 1.6 WOG) Loading/ discharging port: 1SBP QUY NHON, VIETNAM / 1SBP BRISTOL, U.K Loading rate: 1,000 MTs PWWDSHEXEIU at loading port/ CQD at dis port Lay can: 15-21st Jan 2011 Dem: Usd 3,000 which to be settled w/I 10 days after completing of discharging Others: other terms and conditions as per Gencon revised 1994.

Thng tin trn cho bn bit nhng ni dung g? Hy tnh tin thng/ pht di nht (Usd/ ngy). Bit rng: Ngy 20/1/2011, tu n cng Quy nhn v trao NOR cho ngi thu tu, NOR c chp nhn vo chiu ngy 20/1/2011. Hng c xp xung tu xong vo lc 13h ngy 23/01/2011.

T HC
HAGUE 1924 HAGUE-VISBY 1968 RULES HAMBURG 1978