Cch cho s liu nh sau

Trng hp 1 : Nu ch cho phn nh thu m ko c yu cu tnh sn lng

ha vn th cho s liu nh sau :
u tin cho P = a - bQ
TC = -cQ^2 + dQ + e
( a , b, c , d , e u > 0 )
MR = a -2bQ
MC = -2cQ + d
gii PT MR = MC th c 2 sn lng Q = (d-a)/(2c-2b) hoc Q = (a - d )/(2b-2c)
Nhng ta chn sn lng sau v khi tng thu s lm gim sn lng nn sn lng
trc s k tha mn ( k ph hp )
Vy Q > 0 do a >d v b > c (1)
Mt khc lm c cu c th P = MC nn b > 2c (2)
thay Q vo phi cho MR > 0 nn bd - ac >0 (3)
T (1) , (2) , (3) , cch cho s liu phi tha mn
*a>d
* b > 2c
* bd-ac > 0 trong a,b,c,d u dng . ( ci cui khi mnh cho a , b , c , d ri
, ri thay vo kim tra xem c th tha mn ko ( bd - ac c ln hn 0 hay ko ) ,
nu tha mn th s liu mnh cho l ok , c th dng c )
y e cho bao nhiu cng c nhng cng nn cho theo s liu ca bn
sao cho thay vo ng TC < 0 l c
Th ly mt bi VD ri cho s liu nh th s tha mn cc iu kin :D

Trng hp 2 : Yu cu c tnh sn lng ha vn ( Quan tm n e )

iu kin vn l
*a>d
* b > 2c
* bd-ac > 0 trong a,b,c,d u dng
Nhng y ta s phi quan tm n s liu ca e sao cho ph hp
Ta c : ATC = -cQ + d + e/Q
Sn lng ha vn ca DN c quyn t nhin l P = ATC ( khc vi SL ha vn
ca DN cnh tranh hon ho nh )
Tng ng vi : a - bQ = -cQ + d + e/Q
<=> (b-c)Q - (a-d)+ e/Q = 0

Quy ng ln : (b-c)Q^2 - (a-d)Q + e = 0

T iu kin cho ta thy b-c , a-d , e u dng
Cch cho e nh sau
Sau khi cho a , b , c , d ri v tnh sn lng Qo lm ti a ha li nhun ri
Ta s chn sn lng Q1 hoc Q2 cho p ( sao cho Q1<Qo<Q2) ri thay vo
e = (c- b )(Q1)^2 + (a-d)Q1 c mt gi tr c th
Ri quay li gii phng trnh bc 2 trn s ra nghim cn li Q2 nu tha mn
Q1<Qo<Q2 l c , ko th li chn Q1 khc v thay vo e th li khi no c th
thi
Tm li
* e = (c- b )(Q1)^2 + (a-d)Q1
* Q1 < Q0<Q2
*Q0 = (a - d )/(2b-2c)

VD ra nh th ny
Cho DN c quyn t nhin c hm cu P = a - bQ ( USD )
1. T cho s liu v a , b v hm tng chi ph
2. Tnh sn lng v gi ti a ha li nhun
3. Gi s CP nh thu t USD / vsp . Tnh mc gi v sn lng m DN la
chn !!!
4. Tnh sn lng ha vn ca DN
5. Tnh li nhun khi phn bit gi cp 1 ( ci ny chc s ra )
Gii
Gi s ta c th cho P = 100 - 0,2Q
(khi a = 100 , b = 0,2 . Ta c d < a= 100 nn d cho 40 l ph hp , c <
b/2 = 0,2/2 = 0,1 . Cho c = 0, 05 l ph hp )
Nn TC = -0,05Q^2 + 40Q + e
( Bc tip theo l cho s liu ca e )
Nhng trc tin qut cu 2
Ta c : MR = 100 - 0,4Q
MC = -0,1Q + 40
MR = MC <=>60 = 0,3Q => Q = 200 thay vo hm cu => P = 100 0,2*200 = 60 ( USD)
Vy Qo = 200 ( sp ) . Po = 200 (USD) l SL v gi ti a ha li nhun
Ta c : ATC = -0,05Q +40 +e/Q
P = 100 - 0,2Q

cu 4 yu cu P = ATC nn 100 - 0,2Q = -0,05Q + 40 + e/Q

<=> 0,15Q - 40+e/Q = 0
<=> 0,15Q^2 - 40Q + e =0
n on chn nghim p n
Ta chn Q1 < Qo = 200 . Chng hn chn Q1 = 50 th e = -0,15Q1^2
+40Q1 = -0,15.50^2 + 40.50 = 1625
Gii phng trnh : 0,15Q^2 - 40Q + 1625 = 0 suy ra Q2 = 216,67 ( ngon v
ln hn 200 ri )
( Phn in nghing ny vit ngoi nhp )
Cn gii nh sau
1. Cho s liu nh sau : P = 100 - 0,2Q
TC = -0,05Q^2 + 40Q + 1625
2.ATC = -0,05Q + 40 +1625/Q
MR = 100 - 0,4Q
MC = (TC)'Q = -0,1Q + 40
DN ti a ha li nhun khi : MR = MC <=> 100 - 0,4Q = -0,1Q + 40
<=> 60 = 0,3Q
<=> Qo = 200 ( sp ) thay vo hm cu ta c Po = 100 - 0,2 * 200 = 60 (
USD )
3. Gi s CP nh thu 30 USD / 1 vsp . 1 sp th chi ph tng thm l 30
USD , nn Q sn phm . tng chi ph tng ln l 30Q .Khi
TC = -0.05Q^2 + 40Q + 1625 + 30 Q
MC1 = -0,1Q +70
MR = MC1
<=> 100 - 0,4Q = -0,1Q + 70
<=> 30 = 0,3 Q
<=> Q mi = 100 (sp) => P mi = 100 - 0,2*100 = 80 USD ( tha mn v
khi tng thu lm SL b gim t 200 xung 100 v mc gi m ngi
tiu dng phi tr tng t 60 ln 80 )
4. SL ha vn ca DN c quyn : P = ATC
100 - 0,2Q = -0.05Q + 40 + 1625/Q
<=> 0,15Q -60 + 1625/Q = 0
<=> 0,15Q^2 - 60Q + 1625 = 0
Bm my tnh MODE => MODE => MODE => EQN => 1 => DEGDREE=> 2 .
Gii phng trnh ny c
Q1 = 50 ( USD )

Q 2 = 216, 67 ( USD ) tha mn

5. Li nhun sau khi phn bit gi
TP mi = TP + CS + DWL
Tnh CS vi DWL na l ok
Gi giao im ca P v MC ging xung trc tung l Q* th DWL c th tnh
bng tch phn t Qo n Q* ca hm ( P - MC ) theo bin Q ( c th tnh
bng cch khc nhng tnh tch phn theo nh cch tnh din tch hnh
phng nm lp 12 vn l hay nht :D )
Cn CS th gi giao im ca ng cu vi trc honh l P3 , gi ng vi
sn lng Qo ( tc l khi thay Qo vo hm cu y ) l Po th din tch ca
CS l 1/2 ( P3 - Po ) . Qo