Mach Den Giao Thong

n mn hc 1
Mch n giao thng ti ng t c u tin
TRNG I HC GIAO THNG VN TI THNH PH H CH MINH

KHOA IN IN T VIN THNG
NGNH IN T VIN THNG
****************
N MN HC I
GVHD:
NGUYN QUNH ANH
SV THC HIN:
TRN VN PHT
NGUYN TN PHT
ti:
- Thit k mch n giao thng ti ng t c u tin dng IC AT89C51 hot ng theo
thi gian nh, iu khin n giao thng ti ng t giao nhau gia 1 ng u tin
v 1 ng khng u tin c cc ch hot ng:
+ Gi bnh thng:Thi gian n xanh 2 ng bng nhau.
+ Gi cao im(6h,7h,11h,12h,16h,17h v18h): Thi gian n xanh ng u
tin di hn thi gian n xanh ng khng u tin.
+Hin th led 7 on m ngc thi gian 2 ng ng v hin th gi ,pht.
+Nt nhn iu khin thi gian hot ng theo ch .
Thnh ph H Ch Minh, ngy 07 thng 05 nm 2010
GVHD: C Nguyn Qunh Anh Trang 1
n mn hc 1
LI CM N
- Li u tin chng em xin chn thnh cm n

c Nguyn Qunh Anh cng qu thy c b mn khoa
in-in T Vin Thng Trng i Hc Giao Thng
Vn Ti Thnh Ph H Ch Minh.
- Trong qu trnh thc hin n nhm chng
em gp khng t kh khn v thiu st Nhng c s
hng dn v ch dy nhit tnh ca qu thy c gip
chng em khc phc c nhng thiu st v c th
hon thnh c ti ng thi hn, gip chng em
hc tt hn.
- Do kin thc ca nhm chng em cn hn ch
nn trong n cn nhiu sai xt chng em rt mong
c s thng cm ca qu thy c. Chng Em xin
chn thnh cm n.
TP HCM, thng 05 nm 2010
SV thc hin:
Trn Vn Pht
Nguyn Tn Pht
n mn hc 1
PHN 1: NHN XT CA GIO VIN
NHN XT CA GIO VIN HNG DN

NHN XT CA GIO VIN:
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im nh gi
TP. HCM,ngy 07 thng 05 nm 2010
Gio vin hng dn
n mn hc 1
NHN XT CA GIO VIN PHN BIN

NHN XT CA GIO VIN:
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im nh gi
TP. HCM,ngy 07 thng 05 nm 2010
Gio vin phn bin
n mn hc 1
PHN 2: LI NI U
Ngy nay, khi nim k thut s tr thnh quen thuc vi nhiu ngi, bi v
s pht trin ca ngnh k thut s ny c nh hng rt ln n ngnh kinh t ton
cu. C ngi nu ln tng gi nn kinh t ca thi i chng ta l nn kinh t k
thut s , s ha gn nh vt khi ranh gii ca mt thut ng k thut . Nh c
u im ca x l s nh tin cy trong truyn dn, tnh a thch nghi v kinh t ca
nhiu phn mm khc nhau, tnh tin li trong iu khin v khai thc mng.
S ha ang l xu hng pht trin tt yu ca nhiu lnh vc k thut v kinh t
khc nhau. Khng ch trong lnh vc thng tin lin lc v tin hc. Ngy nay, k tht s
v ang thm nhp mnh m vo K thut in t, iu khin t ng, pht thanh truyn
hnh, y t, nng nghipv ngay c trong cc dng c sinh hot gia nh.
Ngay t nhng ngy u khai sinh, k thut s ni ring v ngnh in t ni
chung to ra nhiu bc t ph mi m cho cc ngng kinh t khc v cn m bo
c yu cu ca ngi dng c v cht lng v dch v. ng thi kin thc v k
thut s l khng th thiu i vi mi sinh vin, nht l sinh vin in t.
V nh mi ngi nhn thy rng, ngy nay trt t giao thng nc ta ang ri
ren. V vy vic s dng n giao thng ti nhng giao l l rt cn thit v hiu r
hn v nguyn l hot ng v mun pht trin thm v m hnh ny, em chn ti
cho n mn hc 1 l nghin cu v n Giao Thng .
Ni dung chnh ca bi bo co c chia thnh cc phn chnh sau:
Li ni u.
Phn mt: Phn tch v yu cu ca n v cc gii php a
ra thc hin.
Phn hai: Gii thiu cc linh kin v cch s dng ca tng linh
kin, c bit v IC lp trnh 89C51.
Phn ba: Qu trnh thc hin m phng v cc gii thut a ra
thc hin.
Phn bn: Mch cng thc hin v cc hnh nh thc t ca mch.
Phn nm: Kt lun v cc hng pht trin hon thin ti.
Trong qu trnh thc hin ti c th khng trnh c cc thiu st v mc
hon thnh ti, mong qu thy c xem xt v c th a ra nhn xt chng em c
n mn hc 1
th khc phc c nhng thiu st v c th hon thin cng nh m rng ti sau

ny.
---------------------------------- -----------------------------------
n mn hc 1
PHN 3: QU TRNH THC HIN

CHNG 1: GII THIU
I/ Gii thiu ti:

1/ Cc ch hot ng trong ngy: (gi cao im, gi thp im, hin th thi gian ca
cc ch ln led 7 on.)
Gi cao im: n xanh ng u tin di hn ng khng u tin.
Gi thp im: n xanh 2 ng bng nhau.
C 8 led 7 on:
4 led hin th m ngc thi gian 2 ng ng.
4 led hin th thi gian hot ng (2 led hin th gi, 2 led hin th pht).
H thng led n hin th cho cc n xanh, n vng, n ti cc ng t thc.
Giao tip ca vi x l nhn bit thi gian ca IC t ng chuyn theo ch

trong ngy.
H thng nt nhn: gm 3 nt
1 nt mode chuyn ch .
1 nt tng thi gian.
1 nt gim thi gian.
2/ Cc linh kin s dng:

Vi x l AT89C51.
Hin th: Cc led 7 on (anode chung), cc led n xanh, vng, .

Cc transistor A1015(PNP), khuych i v iu khin.
Nt nhn iu khin.
in tr thanh v cc in tr cn dng.
n mn hc 1
II/ NG DNG:
Mt ng dng c bn ca mch n giao thng ngy nay l gii quyt vn nn
kt xe, ang din ra hng ngy trong cc tnh thnh c mt dn s ln nh thnh ph
h ch minh m cc nh chc nng ang phi u u hin nay.
CHNG 2: LINH KIN V IC LIN QUAN

I/ Gii thiu cc thng s IC thc hin :
1/ Vi iu khin AT89C51.
1.1/ Gii thiu.
AT89C51 l vi iu khin do hng Intel sn xut,ch to theo cng ngh
CMOS. C cc c tnh sau:
4 KB EPROM (Flash Erasable and Programmable Read Only
Memory), c kh nng ti 1000 chu k ghi/xo

Tn s hot ng t: 0Hz n 24 MHz
C 3 mc kha b nh lp trnh
128 Byte RAM ni.
4 Port xut /nhp I/O 8 bit.
2 b Timer/counter 16 Bit.
6 ngun ngt.
Giao tip ni tip iu khin bng phn cng.
64 KB vng nh m ngoi
64 KB vng nh d liu ngoi.
Cho php x l bit.
210 v tr nh c th nh v bit.
4 chu k my (4 s i vi thch anh 12MHz) cho hot ng nhn
hoc chia.
n mn hc 1
C cc ch ngh (Low-power Idle) v ch ngun gim (Power-
down). Ngoi ra, mt s IC khc ca h MCS-51 c thm b nh

thi th 3 v 256 byte RAM ni.
1.2/ S khi ca 89c51.
1.3/ S cc chn 89c51 v chc nng tng chn.

1.3.1/ S chn 89c51.
n mn hc 1
1.3.2/ Chc nng tng chn.
Port 0: l port hai chc

nng cc chn 32 n
39 ca AT89C51:
Chc nng IO
(xut / nhp):
dng cho cc thit
k nh (khng
dng b nh
ngoi ). i vi
cc thit k ln
vi b nh ngoi,
port 0 c dn
knh gia bus d
liu (D0: D7) v
byte thp ca bus
a ch (A0:A7).
Khi dng lm ng vo, Port 0 phi c set mc logic 1 trc .
Chc nng a ch / d liu a hp: khi dng cc thit k ln, i
hi phi s dng b nh ngoi th Port 0 va l bus d liu (8 bit)
va l bus a ch (8 bit thp).
n mn hc 1
Ngoi ra khi lp trnh cho AT89C51, Port 0 cn dng nhn m

khi lp trnh v xut m khi kim tra (qu trnh kim tra i hi phi
c in tr ko ln).
Port1 (chn 1 8): ch c mt chc nng l I/O, khng dng cho mc

ch khc (ch trong 8032/8052/8952 th dng thm P1.0 v P1.1 cho b
nh thi th 3). Ti Port 1 c in tr ko ln nn khng cn thm in
tr ngoi.
Port 1 c kh nng ko c 4 ng TTL v cn dng lm 8 bit a
ch thp trong qu trnh lp trnh hay kim tra.
Port 2 (chn 21 28) l port c 2 chc nng:

Chc nng IO (xut / nhp)
Chc nng a ch: dng lm 8 bit a ch cao khi cn b nh ngoi
c a ch 16 bit. Khi , Port 2 khng c dng cho mc ch I/O.
Khi dng lm ng vo, Port 2 phi c set mc logic 1 trc .
Khi lp trnh, Port 2 dng lm 8 bit a ch cao hay mt s tn hiu
iu khin.
Port 3 (chn 10 17): l port c 2 chc nng:

Chc nng I/O.
Chc nng khc: ta c bng chc nng ca tng chn sau:
Bit
P3.0
P3.1
P3.2
P3.3
P3.4
P3.5
Tn
RxD
TxD
INT0
INT1
T0
T1
P3.6
WR
P3.7
RD
Chc nng
Ng vo port ni tip
Ng ra port ni tip
Ngt ngoi 0
Ngt ngoi 1
Ng vo ca b nh thi 0
Ng vo ca b nh thi 1
Tn hiu iu khin ghi d liu ln b nh
ngoi.
Tn hiu iu khin c t b nh d liu
n mn hc 1

ngoi.
Ngun:
Chn 40: VCC = 5V 20%
Chn 20: GND
PSEN (Program Store Enable):

PSEN (chn 29) cho php c b nh chng trnh m rng i vi
cc ng dng s dng ROM ngoi, thng c ni n chn OC
(Output Control) ca ROM c cc byte m lnh. PSEN s
mc logic 0 trong thi gian AT89C51 ly lnh. Trong qu trnh ny,
PSEN s tch cc 2 ln trong 1 chu k my.
M lnh ca chng trnh c c t ROM thng qua bus d liu
(Port0) v bus a ch (Port0 + Port2).
Khi 8951 thi hnh chng trnh trong ROM ni, PSEN s mc
logic 1.
ALE/PROG (Address Latch Enable / Program):

ALE/PROG (chn 30) cho php tch cc ng a ch v d liu
ti Port 0 khi truy xut b nh ngoi. ALE thng ni vi chn
Clock ca IC cht (74373, 74573).
Cc xung tn hiu ALE c tc bng 1/6 ln tn s dao ng trn
chip v c th c dng lm tn hiu clock cho cc phn khc ca

h thng.
Xung ny c th cm bng cch set bit 0 ca SFR ti a ch 8Eh ln
1. Khi , ALE ch c tc dng khi dng lnh MOVX hay MOVC.
Ngoi ra, chn ny cn c dng lm ng vo xung lp trnh cho
ROM ni ( PROG).
EA /VPP (External Access) :
n mn hc 1
EA (chn 31) dng cho php thc thi chng trnh t ROM
ngoi. Khi ni chn 31 vi Vcc, AT89C51 s thc thi chng trnh
t ROM ni (ti a 8KB), ngc li th thc thi t ROM ngoi (ti
a 64KB).
Ngoi ra, chn EA c ly lm chn cp ngun 12V khi lp trnh
cho ROM.
RST (Reset):
RST
(chn 9) cho php reset

AT89C51 khi ng vo tn hiu a
ln mc 1 trong t nht l 2 chu k
my.
XTAL1,XTAL2:
Ng vo v ng ra b dao ng, khi s dng c th ch cn kt ni
thm thch anh v cc t nh hnh v trong s . Tn s thch anh
thng s dng cho AT89C51 l 12Mhz.
Chu k my (TM) = 1 / (fOSC/12) = 12 / fOSC
Nu tn s thch anh l 12Mhz th s chu k my bng 1us.
n mn hc 1
1.4/ Cc thanh ghi c bit ca 89C51 (SFR Special Function Registers).

1.4.1/ Thanh ghi tch lu (Accumulator):
Thanh ghi tch lu l thanh ghi s dng nhiu nht trong AT89C51, c k hiu
trong cu lnh l A. Ngoi ra, trong cc lnh x l bit, thanh ghi tch lu c k hiu l
ACC.
1.4.2/ Thanh ghi B:

Thanh ghi tch lu c th truy xut trc tip thng qua a ch E0H (byte) hay truy
xut tng bit thng qua a ch bit t E0H n E7H.
1.4.3/ Thanh ghi t trng thi chng trnh (PSW - Program Status Word)
Thanh ghi t trng thi chng trnh PSW nm ti a ch D0H v c cc a ch
bit t D0H D7H, bao gm 7 bit (1 bit khng s dng) c cc chc nng nh sau:
Bit
Chc
nng
CY
AC
F0
RS1
RS0
OV
CY (Carry): c nh, thng c dng cho cc lnh ton hc (C = 1 khi c nh

trong php cng hay mn trong php tr).
AC (Auxiliary Carry): c nh ph (thng dng cho cc php ton BCD).
F0 (Flag 0): c s dng tu theo yu cu ca ngi s dng.
n mn hc 1
RS1, RS0: dng chn bank thanh ghi s dng. Khi reset h thng, bank 0 s
c s dng.
Chn bank thanh ghi:
RS1
0
0
1
1
RS0
0
1
0
1
BANK THANH GHI

BANK 0
BANK 1
BANK 2
BANK 3
OV (Overflow): c trn. C OV = 1 khi c hin tng trn s hc xy ra (dng

cho s nguyn c du).
P (Parity): kim tra parity (chn). C P = 1 khi tng s bit 1 trong thanh ghi A l
s l (ngha l tng s bit 1 ca thanh ghi A cng thm c P l s chn).
V d nh: A = 10101010b c tng cng 4 bit 1 nn P = 0. C P thng c
dng kim tra li truyn d liu.
1.4.4/ Thanh ghi con tr stack (SP Stack Pointer)

Con tr stack SP nm ti a ch 81h v khng cho php nh a ch bit. SP dng
ch n nh ca stack. Stack l mt dng b nh lu tr dng LIFO (Last In First Out)
thng dng lu tr a ch tr v khi gi mt chng trnh con. Ngoi ra, stack cn dng
nh b nh tm lu li v khi phc cc gi tr cn thit.
i vi AT89C51, stack c cha trong RAM ni (128 byte i vi 8031/8051
hay 256 byte i vi 8032/8052). Mc nh khi khi ng, gi tr ca SP l 07h, ngha l
stack bt u t a ch 08h (do hot ng lu gi tr vo stack yu cu phi tng ni
dung thanh ghi SP trc khi lu.
1.4.5/ Con tr d liu DPTR (Data Pointer)

Con tr d liu DPTR l thanh ghi 16 bit bao gm 2 thanh ghi 8 bit: DPH (High)
nm ti a ch 83h v DPL (Low) nm ti a ch 82h. Cc thanh ghi ny khng cho
php nh a ch bit. DPTR c dng khi truy xut n b nh c a ch 16 bit.
1.4.6/ Cc thanh ghi Port:

Gm 4 thanh ghi tng ng vi 4 port:
n mn hc 1
P0 Port 0 : a ch 80H n da ch 87H.

P1 Port 1 : a ch 90H n a ch 97H.
P2 Port 2 : a ch A0H n a ch A7H.
P3 Port 3 : a ch B0H n a ch B7H.
Nu truy sut Port ta truy sut cc thanh ghi Port tng ng. Cc thanh ghi ny
c nh a ch tng Bit.
1.4.7/ Cc thanh ghi b nh thi (Timer):

89c51 c hai thanh ghi b nh thi/m 16 bit c dng cho nh thi hoc m
s kin.
+ Thanh ghi ch nh thi (TMOD):
Khng c nh a ch bit.
Dng nh ch hot ng cho TIMER.
Chc nng tng bit.
+ M1,M0 :Chn ch hot ng
M1
0
0
1
1
M0
0
1
0
1
CH (MODE)
0
1
2
3
+T/C :Bit chn chc nng m hoc nh thi cho TIMER.

+GATE: Bit iu khin cng cho b nh thi.
+ Thanh ghi iu khin nh thi (TCON):

n mn hc 1
Cha cc bit iu khin v trng thi ca Timer 0, 1 4 bit cao, 4 bit thp c
dng cho chc nng ngt (interrupt).
Chc nng tng bit:
+TF x: c trn ca Timer x (x l 0 hoc 1).
+TR0: khng cho php Timer chy.
+TR1: cho php Timer chy.
1.4.8/ Cc thanh ghi port ni tip (Serial port) :
Thanh ghi SBUF (Serial Buffer):

+ a ch 99H l b m nhp/xut ni tip, khi xut d liu th ghi ln
SBUF, khi nhp d liu th c t SBUF.
+ Cc ch hot ng khc nhau ca port ni tip c lp trnh thng qua
thanh ghi iu khin port ni tip SCON (Serial Control) a ch 98H. y l
thanh ghi c a ch tng bit.
Thanh ghi iu khin port ni tip SCON:
+ a ch 99H.
+ nh a ch bit.
+ Chc nng cc bit.
*SM0, SM1: chn ch hot ng ca port ni tip.

n mn hc 1
SM0
0
0
1
1
SM1
0
1
0
1
Ch (Mode)
0
1
2
3
M t
Thanh ghi dch.
UART 8 bit tc thay i
UART 9 bit tc c nh.
UART 9 bit tc thay i.
* SM2: chn ch hot ng ca port ni tip.

SM2 = 1: cho php truyn thng a x l cc ch 2 v 3; bit RI s khng
c tch cc nu bit th 9 nhn c l 0.
*REN: bit cho php thu.
REN = 1: cho php thu.
REN = 0: khng cho php thu.
*TB8: bit pht th 9 ( ch 2 v 3), c th t v xa bng phn mm.
* RB8: bit thu th 9 ( ch 2 v 3), c th t v xa bng phn mm.
1.4.9/ Cc Thanh Ghi Ngt (Interrupt):

8031/8051 c 5 ngun ngt:
+ 2 ngt ngoi: ngt ngoi 0: qua chn INT0 (P3.2)
ngt ngoi 1: qua chn INT1 (P3.3)
+ 3 ngt trrong: ngt timer 0, ngt timer 1, ngt port ni tip.
* Cac thanh ghi lien quan en ngat :

- Thanh ghi cho phep ngat IE (Interrupt Enable):
+c nh a ch bit.
+ Chc nang tng bit:
n mn hc 1
EA: cho phep toan bo.

ET2: cho phep ngat timer 2 (neu co).
ES: cho phep ngat port noi tiep.
ET1: cho phep ngat timer 1.
EX1: cho phep ngat ngoai 1.
ET0: cho phep ngat timer 0
EX0: cho phep ngat ngoai 0.
+e cho phep 1 nguon ngat, can phai co: EA = 1.
+ Bit cho phep ngat tng ng bang 1.
-Thanh ghi u tien ngat IP (Interrupt Priority):
c nh a ch bit.
+Bit = 1: mc u tien cao
+Bit = 0: mc u tien thap
+ Mac nhien sau khi reset, tat ca cac ngat mc u tien
thap.
+Neu 2 ngat vi mc u tien khac nhau xuat hien ong
thi, ngat co mc u tien cao se c phuc vu trc. ong
thi, ngat co mc u tien cao cung co the tam dng chng
trnh phuc vu ngat cua ngat co mc u tien thap.
+Neu cac ngat co cung mc u tien xuat hien ong
thi, viec xac nh ngat nao c phuc vu trc se theo th
t: ngt ngoai 0, ngt timer 0, ngt ngoai 1,ngt timer 1,ngt port
noi tiep,ngt timer 2 (oi vi 8032/8052).
- Thanh ghi TCON:

n mn hc 1
nh a ch bit.
Chc nang cac bit lien quan en ngat (interrupt):
+ IEx: c ngat ngoai x (IEx = 1 tao ngat ngoai x).
+ ITx: bit xac nh loai tac ong ngat ngoai x :
ITx = 0 : tac ong mc 0.
ITx = 1 : tac ong canh xuong (thng dung).
- Thanh ghi ieu khien nguon PCON (Power Control) :

Khong c nh a ch tng bit.
Cha cac bit ieu khien nh sau:
SMOD
GF1
GF0
PD
IDL
+ SMOD:bit tang gap oi toc o baud cua port noi tiep
neu c at (SMOD = 1).
+GF1, GF0: cac bit c a dung.
+PD: thiet lap che o nguon giam khi c at, ch
thoat khi reset.
+ IDL: thiet lap che o nguon ngh khi c at, ch
thoat neu co ngat hoac reset.
* Che o nguon giam (PD =1): can c 2V
+ Mach dao ong tren chip ngng hoat ong.
+ Moi chc nang ngng hoat ong.
+ Noi dung cac RAM tren chip c duy tr.
+ Cac chan port c duy tr mc logic cua chung.
n mn hc 1
+ ALE va PSENc gi mc thap.

* Che o ngh (IDL = 1)
+ Tn hieu clock noi khoa khong cho en CPU nhng khong
khoa oi vi cac chc nang ngat, nh thi va port noi
tiep.
+ Noi dung cua tat ca cac thanh ghi c duy tr.
+ ALE va PSEN c gi mc cao.
1.4.10/ hot ng reset:

thc hin reset, cn phi tc ng mc cao ti chn RST (chn 9) ca
AT89C51 t nht 2 chu k my. S mch reset c th m t nh sau:
Trng thi ca tt c cc thanh ghi trong 89c51 sau khi Reset h thng c tm
tt nh sau:
Thanh ghi
Ni dung
m chng trnh PC
0000H
Thanh ghi tch ly A
00H
Thanh ghi B
00H
Thanh ghi trng thi PSW
00H
SP
07H
n mn hc 1
DPTR
000H
Port 0 n Port 3
FFH
IP
XXX0 0000 B
IE
0XX0 0000B
Cc thanh ghi nh thi
00H
SCON
00H
SBUF
00H
PCON( MHOS)
0XXX XXXXH
PCON (CMOS)
0XXX 0000 B
Thanh ghi quan trng nht l thanh ghi b m chng trnh PC c Reset ti
a ch 0000H.Khi ng vo RST xung mc thp, chng trnh lun bt u ti a ch
0000H ca b nh chng trnh. Ni dung ca RAM trn chip khng b thay i bi tc
ng ca ng vo Reset.
2/ Transistor iu khin v khuych i: A1015:

2.1/ S chn A1015:
n mn hc 1
2.2/ M phng BJT:

+Transistor c s dng ch bo ha.
+Ta s dng cc B ca transistor iu khin cc linh
kin.
+Nu dng Ib=0 th Vbe b phn cc ngc dn n
transistor b phn cc ngc tt.
3/ Led 7 on ( 7 segment): dng cn thit led sng : ti thiu l 10mA.

* S cu to chn ca led:
n mn hc 1
* Hnh nh thc t:
Nguyn l hot ng ca led 7 on
cng ging nh cc led n, ngha l khi
cp dng cho chn no th chn s sng.
n mn hc 1
CHNG 3: THIT K
I/ S khi :
Khi ngun
Khi x l trung
tm AT89C51
Khi hin th
Khi iu
khin (nt
nhn)
II/ Chc nng thc hin tng khi:

2.1/ Khi x l trung tm AT89C51:
IC AT89C51 c tt c 40 chn c chc nng nh cc ng xut nhp.Trong c
24 chn c tc dng kp (c ngha mt chn c hai chc nng), mi ng c th hot
ng nh ng xut nhp hoc nh ng diu khin hoc l thnh phn ca cc bus d
liu v bus da ch.
Mt khc khi ny n c lp trnh iu khin cc khi con ca mch.
2.2/ Khi hin th thi gian m ngc trn led 7 on v hin th led n:
Khi hin th m ngc led 7 on: hin th thi gian ca cc ch thi gian,
c hin th trn led 7 on, cc chn ca led c ni thng qua mt in tr thanh
ni vi IC vi iu khin. Vic gii m nh phn sang led 7 on iu c thc hin trn
vi iu khin.
n mn hc 1
Led 7 on c ni theo kiu anode chung. Ngha l : chn E ca transistor c

ni ln ngun. Led hot ng vi dng ti thiu l 20mA.
S dng port (P0): P0.0, P0.1, P0.2, P0.3, P0.4, P0.5, P0.6, P0.7.
Vi cc chn iu khin hot ng thng qua cc transistor PNP A1015 iu khin
hot ng ch bo ha cung cp dng cho led sng.
Transistor PNP A1015 c ni vi port (P2) ca vi iu khin c chc nng
khuych i dng cho led hot ng bnh thng. thng thng ta chn h s khuych
i = (40100).
V vy ta cn tnh cc gi tr in tr nh sau:
Dng in nh nht m mt led n c th sng l 10mA v dng gii hn l: 20mA.
Khi mt led sng th n s mt mt in p l 2V trn 1led.
T , tt c 7 led sng cng mt lc th dng Ic=7*15mA=105mA.
Ta c:
5= Vd+Ic*R2
R2= (5-Vd) / Ic=(5-2) / 105=286 Ohm
Chn R2=220(Ohm)
V transistor A1015 c Hfe=100
Ib=Ic/hfe=105 / 100=1mA
Ta li c:
5= Veb +Ib*R1
R1=(5-Veb) / Ib=4,7k
vi Veb= 0,3v
Chn R1=4.7k
n mn hc 1
Khi hin th bo n: bo hiu cc n xanh, vng, ng t.

+ P3.0 : Ni vi n ng bn 1.
+ P3.1 : Ni vi n vng ng bn 1.
+ P3.2 : Ni vi n xanh ng bn 1.
+ P3.3 : Ni vi n ng bn 2.
+ P3.4 : Ni vi n vng ng bn 2.
+ P3.5 : Ni vi n xanh ng bn 2.
S dng cc led n ni anode chung. Cn cc chn cathode th c ni vo in
tr R. V n c iu khin bi cc chn P3.0, P3.1, P3.2, P3.3, P3.4, P3.5 ca port P3.
Dng qua Led n: Id= 10mA- 20mA.
Chn R = 330ohm
n mn hc 1
V led n c dng hot ng khong 10mA tr ln nn ta c th chn in tr R

sao cho ph hp.
Ngun c cp Vcc = +5V.
in p phn cc thun ca cc Led :
+ Led xanh: Vx= 2V -2.8V
+ Led vng: Vv= 2V- 2.5V
+ Led :Vd= 1.4V- 1.8V
2.3/ Khi nt nhn:

Khi nt nhn y l cc cng tc nt n dng thay i gi tr ca gi, pht.
Nh ta bit gi tr mt nh ca cc chn port ca vi iu khin l mc 1, v
vy s dng tnh cht ny chng ta s ni cc chn port vi cc cng tc v ni cng tc
vi t.
Ngoi ra chng ta cn phi chng rung cho nt n. C hai cch chng rung cho
nt n:
+ Chng rung bng phn cng
+ Chng rung bng phn mm
n mn hc 1
y chng ta s dng phng php chng rung bng phn mm v n gin v

d hiu.
P1.0: Nt mode dng chuyn sang ch iu khin bng tay.
Nhn ln 1: chuyn sang iu khin bng tay.
Nhn ln 2: ci t gi bt u vo ch cao im.
Nhn ln 3: ci t pht bt u vo ch cao im.
Nhn ln 4: ci t gi kt thc ch cao im.
Nhn ln 5: ci t pht kt thc ch cao im.
Nhn ln 6: ci t gi hin ti.
Nhn ln 7: ci t pht hin ti.
Nhn ln 8: quay li chy auto.
P1.1: Nt iu chnh tng gi hoc pht.
P1.2: Nt iu chnh gim gi hoc pht.
n mn hc 1
2.4/ Khi ngun: Cung cp ngun nui cho vi iu khin hot ng theo yu cu
ti. y ta to ra ngun 5v cp cho vi iu khin.
III/ S NGUYN L:
IV/ S LAYOUT:
n mn hc 1
V/ HOT NG CA MCH:
Khi ta cp ngun cho vi x l th vi x l s hot ng. N s tch cc v cp ngun
cho cc chn ca vi x l. V mch s hot ng theo ch nh sn.Ngha l cc led
n 2 ng ng s sng ln v led 7 on s c khuych i dng bi transistor
A1015 v thc hin vic qut led ln lt c tch cc nh vo port P0 ca vi x l.
ng thi s hin s giy m ngc 2 ng ng u tin v khng u tin theo ch
mc nh (gi thp im), s giy m ngc 2 ng ng lc ny l bng nhau (
25s, vng 5s, v xanh l 20s). V ta c th iu chnh ch hin th gi vo ch
gi cao im thng qua vic mnh iu chnh cc nt nhn. Gi cao im: ng u
tin ( 25s, vng 5s, xanh 35s) v ng khng u tin ( 40s, vng 5s, xanh 20s).
Khi ta tc ng n nt mode th chn P1.2 ca vi x l c tch cc, v n s
chuyn sang ch dng tay. Ngha l ta c th tng gim gi, pht hin ti v thay i
c thi gian chy ch gi cao im ty nh 2 nt TNG, GIM ni vi chn
n mn hc 1
P1.0, P1.1. sau khi iu chnh xong ta nhn nt mode thm 1 ln na mch chy theo
vic iu chnh ny.
V d: theo mch thit k th khi cp ngun vo th mch s chy theo ch gi thp
im v led 7 on hin th 05h30. Khi ta nhn nt mode ln 1 th s chuyn ch
dng tay, nhn mode ln 2 & 3 th chuyn qua iu khin gi v pht bt u vo cao
im, nhn tip mode ln 4 & 5 th chuyn qua iu chnh gi v pht kt thc cao im,
nhn mode ln 6 & 7 th iu chnh gi v pht hin ti. nhn mode ln na th tr li
hot ng theo ch ci t ca ta. Vic iu chnh nh vo 2 nt nhn TNG v
GIM.
Cn nt RESET c thit k ni vo chn RST ca vi x l. Khi ta tc ng vo nt
ny th ton b cc chn vi x l s tr v trng thi m ta nh sn.
VI/ S GII THUT:

6.1 CHNG TRNH CHNH:
n mn hc 1
BEGIN
MAIN
Np a ch
vng stack
(SP=5FH)
Np vng a ch m 7
on
(DPTR)=DL7DOAN
LOOP:
CHY CH AUTO
KTRA NT NHN
Y
CH K BNG TAY
END
n mn hc 1
6.2/ CTC CHY CH AUTO:

CH AUTO
NHP NI DUNG NH
19H
(19H)=06H,07H11H,12H,16H,
17H,18H?
MODE 2:CAO IM
MODE 1: THP IM
6.3/ CHNG TRNH CON THP IM:
n mn hc 1
MODE 1:THP IM
n ng B:30s,n xanh
ng A:25s
Bt n xanh A, B
Gi ctc qut led 7 don + m li
thi gian+kim tra nt nhn
SCAN 8LED
n vng A: 5s
Bt n vng A, B

SCAN 8LED
n ng A:30s,n xanh
ng B:25s
Bt n xanh B, A

SCAN 8LED
n vng B: 5s
Bt n vng B, A
SCAN 8LED

SCAN 7LED
RET
n mn hc 1
6.3/ CHNG TRNH CON GI CAO IM:

MODE2: Gi cao
im
n ng B:40s,n
xanh ng A:35s
Bt n xanh A, B
Gi ctc qut led 7 don + m li thi

gian+kim tra nt nhn SCAN 8LED
Bt n xanh B, A
n vng A: 5s

Bt n vng A, B
n vng B: 5s
Bt n vng B, A
n ng A:40s,n xanh
ng B:35s

RET
n mn hc 1
6.4/ CTC QUT LED 7 ON V M LI THI GIAN,KIM TRA NT

NHN SCAN 8 LED:
NP M QUT U TIN
(R1) = (0FEH)
NP A CH CHA GI TR
HIN TH U TIN (R0)=04H
Y
QUT XONG CHA
XUT M QUT RA PORT(P2)

N
DCH M QUT
KTRA GIY IM
LUI V 0 CHA?
XUT GI TR HIN TH RA
PORT (P0)
Y
GI CTC TO TR2.5MS
CTC M LI THI GIAN
LY A CH CHA GI
TR K TIP (INC R0)
RET
n mn hc 1
6.5/ CTC IU KHIN BNG TAY:

IU KHIN BNG TAY
CH NH NT MODE
GI CTC QUT 2 LED 7 ON

(led gi)
N NT MODE 8
LN?
QUAY LI CT CHY
AUTO
N
N NT TNG
TNG GI
N
N NT GIM
GIM GI
N
KTRA NH 19H CHY THEO
CH AUTO
RET
n mn hc 1
6.6/ CTC TNG GI:

TNG GI
CH NH NT:
(JNC TANG)
INC (18H)
(18H) = 24H
(18H) = 00H
6.7/ CTC GIM GI:

GIM GI
CH NH NT:
(JNC GIAM)
DEC (18H)
(18H) = 00H
(18H) = 24H
n mn hc 1
VII/ CHNG TRNH:

7.1/ chng trnh chnh:
ORG 0000H
MODE BIT P1.2
TANG BIT P1.0
GIAM BIT P1.1
GIO
EQU 0AH
PHUT EQU 0BH
GIAY EQU 0CH
MAIN:
MOV
SP,#5FH
MOV
08H,#0
MOV
DPTR,#DL7DOAN
LOOP:
CALL DOC
CALL KTRA_GIO
;***************************************************
;CTC KTRA_GIO
;***************************************************
;GIO CAO DIEM:MODE2
KTRA_GIO:
MOV
R0,#GIO
MOV
A,@R0
CJNE
A,#06H,KTRA_GIO1
JMP
MODE2
KTRA_GIO1:
CJNE
A,#07H,KTRA_GIO2
JMP
MODE2
KTRA_GIO2:
CJNE
A,#11H,KTRA_GIO3
JMP
MODE2
KTRA_GIO3:
CJNE
A,#12H,KTRA_GIO4
JMP
MODE2
n mn hc 1
KTRA_GIO4:
CJNE
A,#16H,KTRA_GIO5
JMP
MODE2
KTRA_GIO5:
CJNE
A,#17H,KTRA_GIO6
JMP
MODE2
KTRA_GIO6:
CJNE
A,#18H,KTRA_GIO7
JMP
MODE2
;*************************************************
;GIO THAP DIEM:MODE1
KTRA_GIO7:
JMP MODE1
7.2/ CTC gi cao im:
MODE2:
MOV
A,08H
JZ
DO_A2
DO_B2:
MOV
P2,#0CH ;BAT DEN XANH DUONG A, DO B
MOV
08H,#0
MOV
R6,#4
MOV
R7,#0
XANH_A2:
MOV
R4,#3
;THOI GIAN DEN XANH
MOV
R5,#5
LCALL
HEX_BCD
LCALL
BCD_7DOAN
LCALL
SCAN_8LED
VANG_A2:
MOV
P2,#0AH ;BAT DEN VANG DUONG A, DO B
MOV
R4,#0
; THOI GIAN DEN VANG 5S
MOV
R5,#5
n mn hc 1
LCALL
HEX_BCD
LCALL
BCD_7DOAN
LCALL
SCAN_8LED
JMP
LOOP
DO_A2:
MOV
P2,#21H
MOV
08H,#1
MOV
R4,#3
MOV
R5,#0
;XANH_B2:
MOV
R6,#2
MOV
R7,#5
;BAT DEN XANH DUONG B, DO A
;THOI GIAN DEN XANH
LCALL
HEX_BCD
LCALL
BCD_7DOAN
LCALL
SCAN_8LED
;VANG_B2:
MOV
P2,#11H ;BAT DEN VANG DUONG B, DO A
MOV
R6,#0
MOV
R7,#5
LCALL
HEX_BCD
LCALL
BCD_7DOAN
LCALL
SCAN_8LED
JMP
LOOP
7.3/ CTC gi thp im:

MODE1:
MOV
A,08H
JZ
DO_A1
DO_B1:
MOV
P2,#0CH
MOV
08H,#0
MOV
R6,#3
MOV
R7,#0
XANH_A1:
;BAT DEN XANH DUONG A, DO B
n mn hc 1
MOV
MOV
R4,#2
R5,#5
LCALL
HEX_BCD
LCALL
BCD_7DOAN
LCALL
;THOI GIAN DEN XANH
SCAN_8LED
VANG_A1:
MOV
P2,#0AH ;BAT DEN VANG DUONG A, DO B
MOV
R4,#0
MOV
R5,#5
LCALL
HEX_BCD
LCALL
BCD_7DOAN
LCALL
SCAN_8LED
JMP
LOOP
DO_A1:
MOV
MOV
MOV
MOV
XANH_B1:
MOV
MOV
08H,#1
P2,#21H
R4,#3
R5,#0
R6,#2
R7,#5
;BAT DEN XANH DUONG B, DO A
;THOI GIAN DEN XANH
LCALL
HEX_BCD
LCALL
BCD_7DOAN
LCALL
SCAN_8LED
VANG_B1:
MOV
P2,#11H ;BAT DEN VANG DUONG B, DO A
MOV
R6,#0
MOV
R7,#5
LCALL
HEX_BCD
LCALL
BCD_7DOAN
LCALL
SCAN_8LED
JMP
LOOP
n mn hc 1
7.5/CTC qut led 7 on v m li thi gian, kim tra nt nhn scan 8 led:
SCAN_8LED:
MOV
R1,#0FEH
MOV
R0,#8
DISP:
MOV
P0,#0FFH
MOV
A,R1
MOV
P1,A
RL
A
MOV
R1,A
MOV
A,@R0
MOVC A,@A+DPTR
MOV
P0,A
CALL DELAY
CALL KTRA
INC
R0
CJNE
R0,#8,DISP
CJNE
R5,#0,CHECK_R7
CJNE
R4,#0,CHECK_R7
SJMP
EXIT
CHECK_R7:
CJNE
R7,#0,SCAN_8LED
CJNE
R6,#0,SCAN_8LED
EXIT:
RET
;****************************************************
;CTC DELAY 2,5MS
;****************************************************
DELAY:
MOV
TMOD,#01H
MOV
TH0,#HIGH(-2500)
MOV
TL0,#LOW(-2500)
SETB
TR0
LAP2:
ACALL KTRA
JNB
MODE,PRESS_MODE1_0
n mn hc 1
JNB
TF0,LAP2
CLR
TR0
CLR
TF0
RET
;****************************************************
PRESS_MODE1_0:
JMP
PRESS_MODE1
;****************************************************
;CTC DELAY 500MS DEN VANG
;****************************************************
DELAY500MS:
MOV
TMOD,#01H
MOV
R3,#10
LAP:
MOV
TH0,#HIGH(-50000)
MOV
TL0,#LOW(-50000)
SETB
TR0
LAP1:
JNB
MODE,PRESS_MODE1_0
JNB
TF0,LAP1
CLR
TR0
CLR
TF0
DJNZ
R3,LAP
RET
;****************************************************
;CTC KTRA GIAY
;****************************************************
KTRA:
PUSH
ACC
PUSH
00H
MOV
0DH,0CH
MOV
A,0DH
CJNE
A,0CH,KHAC
JMP
EXIT1
KHAC:
CJNE
R5,#0,GIAM1
MOV
R5,#9
n mn hc 1
DEC
JMP
GIAM1:
DEC
GIAM2:
CJNE
MOV
DEC
JMP
GIAM3:
DEC
EXIT1:
POP
POP
RET
R4
GIAM2
R5
R7,#0,GIAM3
R7,#9
R6
EXIT1
R7
00H
ACC
7.6/CTC tng gim thi gian:

INC_GIO:
CALL DELAY1MS
JNB
TANG,$
CALL DELAY1MS
MOV
A,0AH
ADD
A,#1
DA
A
MOV
0AH,A
CJNE
A,#24H,HOUR
MOV
0AH,#0
JMP
HOUR
;***************************************************
DEC_GIO:
CALL DELAY1MS
JNB
GIAM,$
CALL DELAY1MS
MOV
A,0AH
ADD
A,#99H
DA
A
MOV
0AH,A
n mn hc 1
CJNE
A,#99H,HOUR
MOV
0AH,#23H
HOUR:
MOV
R0,#20
JMP MP1
;***************************************************
INC_PHUT:
CALL DELAY1MS
JNB
TANG,$
CALL DELAY1MS
MOV
A,0BH
ADD
A,#1
DA
A
MOV
0BH,A
CJNE
A,#60H,MINUTE
MOV
0BH,#0
JMP
MINUTE
;***************************************************
DEC_PHUT:
CALL DELAY1MS
JNB
GIAM,$
CALL DELAY1MS
MOV
A,0BH
ADD
A,#99H
DA
A
MOV
0BH,A
CJNE
A,#99H,MINUTE
MOV
0BH,#59H
MINUTE:
MOV
R0,#20
JMP
MP3
7.6/ CTC x l nt nhn:
;NHAN NUT MODE LAN 1
PRESS_MODE1:
;KHONG LUU R0,R1
CLR
TR0
;NHAY WA KHI DANG O CTC ;QUET2.5MS OR 500MS NEN
n mn hc 1
PHAI STOP TIMER0

CALL DELAY1MS
JNB
MODE,$
CALL DELAY1MS
MOV
R0,#20
MP1:
MOV
R1,#200
MP2:
MOV
0EH,0AH
CALL DATABCD
CALL QUET2LED
JNB
MODE,PRESS_MODE2 ;CHUYEN QUA CHE DO THAY DOI PHUT
NEU NHAN NUT
JNB
TANG,INC_GIO
;TANG GIO NEU NHAN NUT
JNB
GIAM,DEC_GIO
DJNZ
R1,MP2
DJNZ
R0,MP1
JMP
XONG;
;****************************************************
;NHAN NUT MODE LAN 2
PRESS_MODE2:
CALL DELAY1MS ;KHONG LUU R0,R1
JNB
MODE,$
CALL DELAY1MS
MOV
R0,#20
MP3:
MOV
R1,#200
MP4:
MOV
0EH,0BH
CALL DATABCD
CALL QUET2LED
JNB
MODE,XONG ;TRO VE CT CHINH
JNB
TANG,INC_PHUT
JNB
GIAM,DEC_PHUT
DJNZ
R1,MP4
DJNZ
R0,MP3
JMP
XONG
n mn hc 1
;***************************************************
XONG:
LCALL DELAY1MS
JNB
MODE,$
LCALL DELAY1MS
MOV
0CH,#55H
CALL GHI
JMP
LOOP
;****************************************************
;CTC DUA DU LIEU
;****************************************************
DATABCD:
PUSH
ACC
MOV
A,0EH
ANL
A,#0FH
MOV
R5,A
MOV
A,0EH
ANL
A,#0F0H
SWAP A
MOV
R4,A
POP
ACC
RET
;****************************************************
QUET2LED:
PUSH
ACC
PUSH
00H
PUSH
01H
MOV
R1,#0FEH
MOV
R0,#4
DISP1:
MOV
A,R1
MOV
P1,A
RL
A
MOV
R1,A
MOV
A,@R0
MOVC A,@A+DPTR
n mn hc 1
MOV
P0,A
CALL DELAY_MODE
INC
R0
CJNE
R0,#6,DISP1
POP
01H
POP
00H
POP
ACC
RET
;****************************************************
;CTC DELAY 1MS
;****************************************************
DELAY1MS:
MOV
TMOD,#01H
MOV
TH0,#HIGH(-1000)
MOV
TL0,#LOW(-1000)
SETB
TR0
JNB
TF0,$
CLR
TR0
CLR
TF0
RET
;***************************************************
DELAY_MODE:
MOV
TMOD,#01H
MOV
TH0,#HIGH(-2500)
MOV
TL0,#LOW(-2500)
SETB
TR0
JNB
TF0,$
CLR
TR0
CLR
TF0
RET
7.7/ CTC i s HEX sang BCD v BCD sang LED 7 ON:
HEX_BCD:
MOV A,GIAY
MOV B,#10
n mn hc 1
DIV AB
MOV 10H,B
MOV 11H,A
MOV A,PHUT
MOV B,#10
DIV AB
MOV 12H,B
MOV 13H,A
MOV A,GIO
MOV B,#10
DIV AB
MOV 14H,B
MOV 15H,A
RET
;*************************************************
;CHUONG TRINH CON DOI SO BCD SANG LED 7 DOAN

;*************************************************
BCD_7DOAN:
MOV DPTR,#500H
MOV R0,#10H
MOV R1,#20H
BC1: MOV R7,#2
BC:
MOV A,@R0
n mn hc 1
MOVC
A,@A+DPTR
MOV @R1,A
INC
R0
INC
R1
DJNZ R7,BC
MOV @R1,#0BFH
INC
R1
CJNE R0,#16H,BC1
RET
;***************************************************
DL7DOAN:
DB
0C0H,0F9H,0A4H,0B0H,99H,92H,82H,0F8H,80H,90H
END
CHNG IV: KT QU
I/ MCH THI CNG:
n mn hc 1
*S chn ca mch:
n mn hc 1
II/U NHC IM:

*u im:
+ Ta c th p dng mch ny vo thc t 1 cch d dng v thay i c cc ch
hot ng ca mch ph hp vi cuc sng hn.
+ Mch c thit k theo hot ng ng ch hot ng trong ngy.

+ Cc chc nng iu khin bng tay hot ng c.
+ Vic thit k mch n gin v t tn chi ph.
*khuyt im:
+ Mch thit k cha ti u.
+ Mch chuyn i ch t ng theo gi nhiu khi cha chnh xc.
III/ HNG PHT TRIN:

+ Mch c th hot ng tt hn nu nh ta gn thm ng h thi gian thc.
+ Mch ny cha thay i c s giy ng u tin khi ta iu khin bng tay
nn ta c th xy dng thm vn ny mch hon thin hn.
+ Vic hon thnh mch c th c xy dng theo nhiu chng trnh khc nhau,
v rt gn hn.
IV/ TI LIU THAM KHO:
1/ Bi ging vi x l - Trng i hc giao thng vn ti thnh ph HCM.
2/ Gio trnh vi iu khin - Tng Vn On Trng i hc bch khoa thnh ph
HCM.
3/ Gio trnh thc hnh vi x l - Trng i hc cng ngh si gn
4/ http://dientuvietnam.net
5/ http://dientuvienthong.net
6/ http://www.ant7.com/forum/forum_post.asp?TID=4964&PN=0&TPN=2
n mn hc 1
Danh mc hnh nh
Hnh 1: s khi at89c51.

Hnh 2: hnh nh thc t ca at89c51.
Hnh 3: s chn at89c51.
Hnh 4: s chn RST.
Hnh 5: mch tn s dao ng thch anh.
Hnh 6: s nt reset.
Hnh 7: hnh transistor A1015 thc t.
Hnh 8: hnh m phng transistor A1015.
Hnh 9: led 7 on.
Hnh 10: hnh nh thc t led 7 on.
Hnh 11: s khi hin th led 7 on.
Hnh 12: s khi hin th led n.
Hnh 13: s khi nt nhn.
Hnh 14: s khi ngun.
Hnh 15: mch thi cng.
Hnh 16: s chn ca mch.
n mn hc 1
PH LC
ti:...................................................................................................................................
Li cm n:..........................................................................................................................
Phn I: Nhn xt ca gio vin:..........................................................................................3
I/ Nhn xt ca gio vin hng dn:.......................................................................3
II/ Nhn xt ca gio vin phn bin:.......................................................................4
Phn II: Li ni u............................................................................................................5
Phn III: Qu trnh thc hin..............................................................................................7
Chng I: Gii thiu............................................................................................................
I/ Gii thiu ti.....................................................................................................7
II/ ng dng.............................................................................................................7
Chng II: Linh kin v cc ic lin quan.............................................................................
I/ Gii thiu cc ic thc hin....................................................................................8
1/ Vi iu khin AT89C51..............................................................................8
2/ Transistor iu khin v khuych i A1015............................................21
3/ Led 7 on ( anode chung)........................................................................22
Chng III: Thit k.............................................................................................................
I/ S khi...........................................................................................................23
II/ Chc nng thc hin tng khi..........................................................................23
n mn hc 1
1/ Khi x l trung tm AT89C51.................................................................23

2/ Khi hin th led 7 on v led n...........................................................24
3/ Khi nt nhn............................................................................................26
4/ Khi ngun................................................................................................28
III/ S nguyn l..................................................................................................28
IV/ S layout......................................................................................................29
V/ Hot ng ca mch.........................................................................................29
VI/ S gii thut................................................................................................30
VII/ Chng trnh (code)........................................................................................37
Chng IV: Kt qu.............................................................................................................
I/ Mch thi cng.....................................................................................................49
II/ u nhc im..................................................................................................51
III/ Hng pht trin ti.....................................................................................51
IV/ Ti liu tham kho...........................................................................................51
Danh mc hnh nh..........................................................................................................53
PH LC ......................................................................................................................54
n mn hc 1
n mn hc 1

Mach Den Giao Thong

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n mn hc 1

Mch n giao thng ti ng t c u tin

TRNG I HC GIAO THNG VN TI THNH PH H CH MINH

NGUYN QUNH ANH

Thnh ph H Ch Minh, ngy 07 thng 05 nm 2010

GVHD: C Nguyn Qunh Anh Trang 1

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- Li u tin chng em xin chn thnh cm n

GVHD: C Nguyn Qunh Anh Trang 2

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PHN 1: NHN XT CA GIO VIN

NHN XT CA GIO VIN HNG DN

GVHD: C Nguyn Qunh Anh Trang 3

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NHN XT CA GIO VIN PHN BIN

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th khc phc c nhng thiu st v c th hon thin cng nh m rng ti sau

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PHN 3: QU TRNH THC HIN

I/ Gii thiu ti:

Gi thp im: n xanh 2 ng bng nhau.

Giao tip ca vi x l nhn bit thi gian ca IC t ng chuyn theo ch

2/ Cc linh kin s dng:

Hin th: Cc led 7 on (anode chung), cc led n xanh, vng, .

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CHNG 2: LINH KIN V IC LIN QUAN

Memory), c kh nng ti 1000 chu k ghi/xo

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C cc ch ngh (Low-power Idle) v ch ngun gim (Power-

down). Ngoi ra, mt s IC khc ca h MCS-51 c thm b nh

1.2/ S khi ca 89c51.

1.3/ S cc chn 89c51 v chc nng tng chn.

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1.3.2/ Chc nng tng chn.

Port 0: l port hai chc

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Ngoi ra khi lp trnh cho AT89C51, Port 0 cn dng nhn m

Port1 (chn 1 8): ch c mt chc nng l I/O, khng dng cho mc

Port 2 (chn 21 28) l port c 2 chc nng:

Port 3 (chn 10 17): l port c 2 chc nng:

GVHD: C Nguyn Qunh Anh Trang 11

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PSEN (Program Store Enable):

ALE/PROG (Address Latch Enable / Program):

chip v c th c dng lm tn hiu clock cho cc phn khc ca

EA /VPP (External Access) :

GVHD: C Nguyn Qunh Anh Trang 12

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(chn 9) cho php reset

Nu tn s thch anh l 12Mhz th s chu k my bng 1us.

GVHD: C Nguyn Qunh Anh Trang 13

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1.4/ Cc thanh ghi c bit ca 89C51 (SFR Special Function Registers).

1.4.2/ Thanh ghi B:

CY (Carry): c nh, thng c dng cho cc lnh ton hc (C = 1 khi c nh

GVHD: C Nguyn Qunh Anh Trang 14

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BANK THANH GHI

OV (Overflow): c trn. C OV = 1 khi c hin tng trn s hc xy ra (dng